The true hope of the future lies in the undivided recognition of responsibility in love, which alone can make freedom possible. Freedom for all women—the women of the home and the women of the streets. The prostitute woman must be freed from all oppression. We, her sisters, can demand no less than this. If we are to remain sheltered, she must be sheltered too. She must be freed from the oppression of absurd laws, from the terrible oppression of the police and from all economic and social oppression. But to make this possible, these women, who for centuries have been blasted for our sins against love, must be re-admitted by women and men into the social life of our homes and the State. Then, and then alone, can we have any hope that the prostitute will cease to be and the natural woman will take her place.

FOOTNOTES:

[326] I would refer my readers to the Chapters on "Sexual Morality" and "Marriage" in Havelock Ellis's Psychology of Sex, Vol. VI. The only way to estimate aright the value of our present marriage system is to examine the history of that system in the past. I had hoped to have space in which to do this, and it is with real regret I am compelled to omit the section I had written on this subject.

[327] Lombroso mentions the prevalence of sexual frigidity among prostitutes (La Donna Delinquente, p. 401). See also Havelock Ellis, Psychology of Sex, Vol. VI. pp. 268-272. This writer does not support the view of the sexual frigidity of prostitutes, but in this, I believe, he is influenced by statistics and outward facts, rather than personal knowledge gained from the women themselves.

[328] Women in marriage have been for so long protected by men from the necessity of doing work, that why should we expect the prostitute to prefer uncongenial work?



CONTENTS OF CHAPTER XI

THE END OF THE INQUIRY

The future of Woman—Indications of progress—The re-birth of woman—Woman learning to believe in herself—The sin of sterility—The waste of womanhood—The change in woman's outlook—The quickening of the social conscience—A criticism of militancy—It does not correspond with the ideal for women—The new free relationship of the sexes—The conditions which make this possible—The recognition of love as the spiritual force in life—The importance of woman's freedom to the vital advance of humanity—The end brings us back to the beginning—The supreme importance of Motherhood—Woman the guardian of the Race-life and the Race-soul—This the ground of her claim for freedom.



CHAPTER XI

THE END OF THE INQUIRY

"Among the higher activities and movements of our time, the struggle of our sisters to attain an equality of position with the strong, the dominant, the oppressive sex, appears to me, from the purely human point of view, most beautiful and most interesting: indeed, I regard it as possible that the coming century will obtain its historical characterisations, not from any of the social and economical controversies of the world of men, but that this century will be known to subsequent history distinctively as that in which the solution of the 'woman's question' was obtained."—GEORGE HIRTH.

Looking back over the long inquiry which lies behind us, we have come by many and various paths to seek that standpoint from which we started—the Truth about Woman. We must now try to give a brief answer to a difficult question. What is the future of woman? Are we able to recognise in the present upward development of the sex signs of real progress towards better conditions? Is it within the capacity of the female half of human-kind to acquire and keep that position of essential usefulness held by the females of all other species? Will women learn to develop their own nature and to express their own genius? Can their present characteristic weakness, vices, and failings be really overcome under different and freer conditions of domestic and social life? Are we of to-day justified in looking forward to the new woman of the future, with saner aspirations and wider aims, who lives the whole of her life; who will restore to humanity harmony between the sexes, and transform the miseries of love back to its rightful joys? Can these things, indeed, be?

The answer is a confident and joyful "Yes!"

The re-birth of woman is no dream.

We have become accustomed to listen to the opinion voiced by men. We have heard that belief in women is a symptom of youth or of inexperience of the sex, which a riper mind and wider knowledge will invariably tend to dissipate. So woman has come to regard herself as almost an indiscretion on the part of the Creator, necessary indeed to man, but something which he must try to hide and hush up. We have, in fact, put into practice Milton's ideal: "He, for God only, she, for God in him." Some such arguments from the lips of disillusioned men have been possible, perhaps, with some measure of reason. But the time has come for men to hold their peace.

Woman is learning to believe in herself.

Now, so far, the great result of the long years of repression has been the sterility of women's lives. Sterility is a deadly sin. To-day so many of our activities are sterile. The women of our richer classes have been impotent by reason of their soft living; the women of our workers have had their vitality sweated out of them by their filthy labours; they could bear only dead things. Life ought to be a struggle of desire towards adventures of expression, whose nobility will fertilise the mind and lead to the conception of new and glorious births. Women have been forced to use life wastefully. They have been spiritually sterile; consuming, not giving: getting little from life, giving back little to life.

But woman is awakening to find her place in the eternal purpose. She is adding understanding to her feeling and passion.

Never before throughout the history of modern womankind has her own character evoked so earnest and profound an interest as to-day: never has she considered herself from so truly a social standpoint as now. It is true that the change has not yet, except in very few women, reached deep enough to the realities of the things that most matter. Women have to learn to utilise every advantage of their nature, not one side only. They will do this; because they will come to have truer and stronger motives. They are beginning even now to be sifted clean through the sieve of work. The waste of womanhood cannot for long continue.

One great and hopeful sign is a new consciousness among all women of personal responsibility to their own sex. The most fruitful outgrowth from the present agitation for the rights of citizens—the Vote! the symbol of this awakening—is a solidarity unknown among women before, which now binds them in one common purpose. Yet there is a possible danger lurking in this enthusiasm. Women will gain nothing by snatching at reform. Many have no eyes to see the beyond; they are hurried forward by a cry of wrongs, while others are held back by fear of change. Woman is by her temperament inclined to do too much or to do nothing. Looked at from this standpoint of the immediate present, when only the semi-hysterical and illogical aspects of the struggle are manifest, the future may appear dark. The revolution is accompanied by much noise and violence. Perhaps this is inevitable. I do not know. There is, what must seem to many of us who stand outside the fight, a terrible wastage, a straining and a shattering of the forces of life and love. To earn salvation quickly and riotously may not, indeed, be the surest way. It may be only a further development of the sin of woman, the wastage of her womanhood.

Women say that the fault rests with men. Again I do not know. Certainly it is much easier and pleasanter to see the mote in our brother's eye than it is to recognise a possible beam as clouding our own sight. One of the worst results of the protection of woman by man is that he has had to bear her sins. Women have grown accustomed to this; they do not even know how greatly their sex shields them. They will not readily yield up their scapegoat or sacrifice their privileges. But the personal responsibility that is making itself felt among women must teach them to be ready to answer for their own actions, and, if need be, to pay for them. Freedom carries with it the acceptance of responsibility. Women must accept this: they are working towards it.

In a new and free relationship of the sexes women have at least as much to learn as men. The possession of the vote is not going to transform women. Changes that matter are never so simple as that. Women estimating their future powers tend to become presumptuous. One is reminded sometimes of the people Nietzsche describes as "those who 'briefly deal' with all the real problems of life." It frequently appears as if the modern woman expects to hold tight to her old privileges as the protected child, as well as to gain her new rights as the human woman. In a word, to stay on her pedestal when it is convenient, and to climb down whenever she wants to. This cannot be. And the grasping of both sides of the situation leads to what is worse than all else—strife between women and men. Just in measure as the sexes fall away from love and understanding of each other, do they fall away from life into the mere futility of personal ends. It is to go on with man, and not to get from man, that is the goal of Woman's Freedom. There are other conditions of change that women have to be ready to meet. This must be. For however much some may sigh for the ease and the ignorant repose of the passing generation, we cannot go back. It is as impossible to live behind one's generation as before it. We have to live our lives in the pulse of the new knowledge, the new fears, the new increasing responsibilities. Women must train themselves to keep pace with men. There is a price to be paid for free womanhood. Are women ready and willing to pay it? If so, they must cease to profit and live by their sex. They must come out and be common women among common men. This, as I believe, is a better solution than to bring men up to women's level. For, as I have said before, I doubt, and still doubt, if women are really better than men.

If the constructive synthetic purpose of life, which I have tried to make the ruling idea of my book, is that all growth is a succession of upward development through the action of love between the two sexes, then not only must woman in her individual capacity—physically as wife and mother, and mentally as home-builder and teacher—contribute to the further progress of life by a nobler use of her sex; but the collective work of women in their social and political activities must all be set towards the same purpose. It is in this light, the welfare of the lives of the future and the building up of a finer race—that the individual and collective conduct of women must be judged. Women have talked and thought too much about their sex, and all the time they have totally under-estimated the real strength of the strongest thing in life. I think the force, the power, the driving intensity of love will come as a surprise and a wonder to awakened women. I think they will come to realise, as they have never realised before, the tremendous force sex is.

The Woman's movement is inextricably bound up with all the problems of our disorganised love-relationships; and although politicians with their customary blindness have chosen to treat it as a side issue, it is, for this reason, the most serious social question that has come to the front during the century. Woman's position and her efforts to regain her equality with man can never be a thing apart—a side issue—to a responsible State. Love and the relationship of the sexes is the foundation of the social structure itself; it forms the real centre of all the social and economic problems—of the population problem, of the marriage problem, of the problems of education and eugenics, of the future of labour, of the sweating question, and the problem of prostitution. As the Woman's Movement presses forward each and all of these questions will press forward too. All women and men have got to be concerned with sex and its problems until some at least of these wrongs are righted. That any woman can ever regard love as merely a personal matter, "an incident in life," that can be set aside in the rush of new activities, makes one wonder if the delusions of women about themselves can ever end. This misunderstanding of love ought never to be possible to any woman or any man: it is going to be increasingly difficult for it to be possible for the new woman and her mate that is to be. In love all things rest. In love has gathered the strength to be, growing into conscious need of fuller life, growing into completer vision of the larger day.

My faith in womanhood is strong and deep. The manifestations of the present, many of which seem to give cause for fear, are, after all, only the superficial evidence of a deep undercurrent of awakening. The ultimate driving force behind is shaping a social understanding in the woman's spirit. So surely from out of the wreckage and passion a new woman will arise.

For this Nature will see to. Woman, both by physiological and biological causes is the constructive force of life. Nothing that is fine in woman will be lost, nothing that is profitable will be sacrificed. No, the essential feminine in her will be gathered in a more complete, a more enduring synthesis. Woman is the predominant partner in the sexual relationship. We cannot get away from this. It is here, in this wide field, where so many wrongs wait to be righted, that the thrill of her new passion must bring well-being and joy. The female was the start of life, and woman is the main stream of its force. Man is her agent, her helper: hers is the supreme responsibility in creating and moulding life. It is thus certain that woman's present assertion of her age-long rights and claim for truer responsibilities has its cause rooted deep in the needs of the race. She is treading, blindly, perhaps, and stumblingly, in the steps laid down for her by Nature; following in a path not made by man, one that goes back to the beginning of life and is surer and beyond herself; thus she has time as well as right upon her side, and can therefore afford to be patient as well as fearless.

* * * * *

"I have caused thee to see it with thine eyes, but thou shalt not go over hither."

From the height of Pisgah there is revealed to women to-day a glimpse of the promised land. But shall we enter therein to take possession? I believe not. It will be given to those who follow us and carry on the work which our passion has begun. For our children's children the joys of reaping, the feast, and the songs of harvest home.

What matter? We shall be there in them.

Shall we, then, complain if for us is the hard toil, the doubts, and the mistakes, the long enduring patience, and the bitter fruits of disappointment? We have opened up the way.

And is not this one with the very purpose of life? We are obeying Nature's law in dedicating ourselves and our work to those who follow us. We have made our record, we can do nothing more. The race flows through us. All our effort lies in this—the giving of all that we have been able to gain. And it is sufficient. This is the end and the beginning.

Thus we are brought back to the truth from which we started. Women are the guardians of the Race-life and the Race-soul. There is no more to be said. It is because we are the mothers of men that we claim to be free. We claim this as our right. We claim it for the sake of men, for our lovers, our husbands, and our sons; we claim it even more for the sake of the life of the race that is to come.

"Then comes the statelier Eden back to men; Then ring the world's great bridals, chaste and calm; Then springs the crowning race of human-kind. May these things be."



BIBLIOGRAPHY

N.B.—This bibliography is intended as a guide to the student; it is merely representative, not in any way exhaustive.

The books to which direct reference is made are marked with an asterisk.

BIOLOGICAL PART

*AUDUBON: Scenes de la nature dans les Etats Unis (French trans.). Ornithological Biography: an Account of the Habits of the Birds of the United States of America.

BATESON, W.: Materials for the Study of Variation. Mendel's Principles of Heredity.

*BONHOTE, J. LEWIS: Birds of Britain.

BREHM: Tierleben. Ornithology, or the Science of Birds. (From the text of Brehm.)

BROOKS, W.K.: The Law of Heredity. The Foundations of Zoology.

*BUeCHNER: Mind in Animals (Eng. trans.). Liebe und Liebesleben in der Tierwelt.

*BUTLER, SAMUEL: Life and Habit. Evolution Old and New.

*DARWIN, CHARLES: The Descent of Man. The Origin of Species. The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication. The Expression of the Emotions in Men and Animals.

*DARWIN, FRANCIS: Life and Letters of Charles Darwin.

*ELLIS, HAVELOCK: Psychology of Sex. Vol. III.

*ESPINAS: Societes animales.

FABRE, J. HENRI: Moeurs des insectes. Life and Love of Insects (trans.). Insect Life (trans.). Social Life in the Insect World (trans.).

*FORBES, H.O.: A Naturalist's Wanderings.

*GALTON, FRANCIS: Natural Inheritance. Average Contribution of Each Several Ancestor to the Total Heritage of the Offspring. Pro. Roy. Soc., London, LXI.

*GEDDES, PATRICK: Articles: "Reproduction," "Sex," "Variation" and "Selection": Encycl. Brit.

*GEDDES AND TOMPSON, A.J.: The Evolution of Sex. (Cont. Sci. Series.) Rev. ed. Problems of Sex.

*HAeCKER: Der Gesang der Voegel.

*HAECKEL: Generelle Morphologie der Organismen. Evolution of Man (trans. by J. McCabe).

HERTWIG: The Biological Problem of To-day (trans. by P. Chalmers Mitchell).

HOUZEAU: Etudes sur les facultes mentales des animaux compares a celles de l'homme.

*HUDSON, W.H.: Argentine Ornithology. The Naturalist in La Plata. Birds and Man.

*HUXLEY, T.H.: A Manual of Invertebrate Animals.

KELLOGG: Studies of Variation in Insects. Evidence as to Man's Place in Nature.

LETOURNEAU: Evolution of Marriage. (Cont. Sci. Series.)

*MILNE-EDWARDS, HERNI: Lecons sur la physiologie et l'anatomie comparee de l'homme et des animaux. A Manual of Zoology (trans.). Histoire naturelle des insectes.

MIVART, ST. GEORGE: Lessons from Nature as manifested in Mind and Matter. The Common Frog. (Nat. Series.) Man and Apes: an Exposition of Structural Resemblance upon the Questions of Affinity and Origin. On the Genesis of Species.

*MORGAN, C. LLOYD: Animal Life and Intelligence. Habit and Instinct. Animal Behaviour.

POULTON, E.B.: The Colours of Animals.

PUNNETT, R.C.: On Nutrition and Sex-determination in Man. (Proc. Cambridge Phil. Soc., XII.)

RIBOT, TH.: Heredity (Eng. trans.).

ROMANES, G.J.: Darwin and after Darwin. Animal Intelligence. (Int. Sci. Series.) Mental Evolution in Animals.

*THOMSON, J.A.: Synthetic Summary of the Influence of the Environment upon the Organism. (Proc. Roy. Phys. Soc., Edinburgh, IX.) Heredity. (Pro. Sci. Series.) The Science of Life.

VARIGNY, DE: Experimental Evolution. (Nat. Series.)

VERNON, H.M.: Variation in Animals and Plants. (Int. Sci. Series.)

VREIS, HUGO DE: Species and Varieties (trans.).

*WALLACE, A.R.: Darwinism.

*WARD, LESTER: Pure Sociology.

*WEISSMANN: Essays upon Heredity (trans.). The Germ-plasma Theory of Heredity (trans.). The Effect of External Influences on Development. Romanes Lecture, Oxford. The Evolution Theory (trans. by A.J. Tompson).

WILSON, E.B.: The Cell in Development and Inheritance.

HISTORICAL PART

*AMELINEAU: La Morale egyptienne.

*ARNOT, F.S.: Garenganzas.

*BACHOFEN: Das Mutterrecht. (French trans. of Intro. by Giraud-Teulon.)

BACKER, LOUIS DE: Le Droit de la femme dans l'antiquite.

BADER, MLLE. C.: La femme grecque: etude de la vie antique. La femme romaine: etude de la vie antique.

BANCROFT, H.H.: The Native Races of the Pacific States of North America.

*BECQ DE FOUQUIERES: Aspasie de Milet.

*BONWICK, J.: Daily Life and Origin of the Tasmanians.

BRANDT, P.: Sappho.

BRUGSCH, E.: Histoire d'Egypte.

*BRUNS, IVO: Frauenemancipation in Athen.

*BUDGE, E.A. WALLIS: Book of the Dead (trans.).

*BURTON, SIR R.F.: First Footsteps in East Africa.

*BUTTLES, J.R.: The Queens of Egypt: with a preface by Maspero.

*CHARLEVOIX, LE P. DE: Histoire et description generale de la Nouvelle France.

CRAWLEY: The Mystic Rose.

*CROOKE, W.: The Tribes and Castes of the North-west Provinces and Oudh.

*CUSHING, F.H.: Zuenie Folk Tales.

*DALTON, E.J.: Descriptive Ethnology of Bengal.

DARGUN, L. VON: Mutterrecht und Vaterrecht.

*DAVY, J.: An Account of the Interior of Ceylon and its Inhabitants.

DAWSON, J.: Australian Aborigines.

*DENNETT, R.S.: "At the Back of the Black Man's Mind." Journal of the African. Vol. I.

*DILL: Roman Society. Three volumes.

*DONALDSON, J.: Woman; Her Position and Influence in Greece and Rome and among the Early Christians.

*ELLIS, HAVELOCK: Man and Woman. Psychology of Sex. Vol. VI.

*ELLIS, W.: History of Madagascar.

FEATHERMAN, A.: A Social History of the Races of Mankind.

FINK: Primitive Love and Love Stories.

*FISON AND HOWITT: Kamilaroi and Kurnia; Group Marriage and Relationship, etc.

*FRAZER, J.G.: The Golden Bough: The Magic Art, 3rd ed.

*GIRAUD-TEULON, A.: Les Origines de mariage et de la famille.

*GLADSTONE, W.E.: Homeric Studies. Vol. II.

*GOMPERZ: Greek Thinkers.

*GRAY, J.H.: China, a History of the Laws, Manners and Customs of the People.

*GRIFFITH: The World's Literature.

*HARTLAND, E.S.: Primitive Paternity.

*HECKER, E.A.: History of Woman's Rights.

*HOMMEL, F.: Geschichte Babyloniens. The Civilisation of the East (trans.).

*HOBHOUSE, L.T.: Morals in Evolution.

HOWARD, G.E.: History of Matrimonial Institutions.

HOWITT, A.W.: The Native Tribes of South-east Australia. The Organisation of the Australian Tribes.

JACOB, P.L.: Les Courtisanes de l'ancienne Rome.

*JOHNS, C.H.W.: Hammurabi, King of Babylon. The Oldest Code of Laws in the World. Babylonian and Assyrian Laws, Contracts and Letters.

*KINGSLEY, MARY H.: Travels in West Africa.

*KOHLER AND PEISER: Aus dem babylonischen Rechtsleben.

LABOULAYE, ED.: Recherches sur la condition civile et politique des femmes, depuis les Romains jusqu'a nos jours.

LACOMBE, PAUL: La Famille dans la societe romaine: etude de moralite comparee.

*LAFITEAU, J.F.: Moeurs des sauvages americains.

LATHAM: Descriptive Ethnology.

*LECKY, W.E.H.: History of European Morals, from Augustus to Charlemagne.

LEFEVRE, M.: La Femme a travers l'histoire.

LEGOUVE, E.: Histoire morale des femmes.

*LENZ, C.S.: Geschichte der Weiber im heroischen Zeitalter.

*LETOURNEAU: Evolution of Marriage. (Cont. Sci. Series.) La Condition de la femme dans les diverses races et civilisations.

*LIPPERT, J.: Kulturgeschichte, etc. Geschichte der Familie.

*LUBBOCK, LORD AVEBURY: Origin of Civilisation. Marriage, Totemism and Religion.

*MACDONALD, D.: Africana.

MAHAFFY, J.P.: Social Life in Greece.

*MAINE: Ancient Law.

*MARSDEN, W.: History of Sumatra.

MARTIN, L.A.: Histoire de la femme; sa condition politique, civile, morale et religieuse.

MARX, V.: Die Stellung der Frauen in Babylonien.

*MASON, OTIS: The Origin of Inventions, a Study of Industry among Primitive Peoples. Cont. Sci. Series. Woman's Share in Primitive Culture. Anthro. Series.

*MASPERO, SIR G.: The Dawn of Civilisation (trans.). Les Contes populaires de l'Egypte ancienne. Ancient Egypt and Assyria (trans.). New Light on Ancient Egypt (trans.).

*MCCABE, J.: The Religion of Woman.

*MCGEE, W.J.: The Beginning of Marriage. (Am. Anthro. Soc. Printed for private circulation.) The Aborigines of the District of Columbia and the Lower Potomac. The Indians of North America.

*MOMMSEN: History of Rome.

*MORGAN, L.H.: Ancient Society; or Researches in the Lines of Human Progress. House and House-life of the American Aborigines. Cont. to N. Am. Ethn. Vol. IV. Systems of Consanguinity and Affinity of the Human Family. Smithsonian Contributions.

MORILLOT, L.: De la condition des enfants nes hors mariage dans l'antiquite et au moyen age en Europe.

*MUeLLER, W. MAX: Liebespoesie der alten Aegypter.

*MUNZINGER, W.: Ostafrikanische Studien.

*NIETZOLD, J.: Die Ehe in Aegypten, etc.

*OWEN, M.A.: Folk-lore of the Musquakie Indians of North America.

*PATURET, G.: La condition juridique de la femme dans l'ancienne Egypte.

*PEARSON, KARL: The Chances of Death.

*PEISER: Skizze der babylonischen Gesellschaft.

PERRY, W.C.: The Women of Homer.

*PETHERICK, J.: Egypt, the Soudan and Central Africa.

*PETRIE, FLINDERS: Religion and Conscience in Ancient Egypt. Egyptian Tales translated from the Papyri.

*PLOSS, H.: Das Weib in der Natur- und Voelkerkunde.

*POWELL, J.W.: Wyandot Government. Report of the Bureau of Am. Ethn.

RAINNEVILLE, J. DE: La Femme dans l'antiquite et d'apres la morale naturelle.

*RATZEL, T.: History of Mankind.

*RECLUS, ELIE: Les Primitifs (Eng. trans., Primitive Folk. Cont. Sci. Series).

*REVILLOUT, E.: Cours de droit egyptien. Les obligations en droit egyptien, comparees aux autres droits de l'antiquite. Etudes egyptologiques.

*RHYS AND BRYNMOR JONES: The Welsh People.

ROBY, H.J.: Roman Private Law in the Times of Cicero and of the Antonines.

*SACHOT: L'Ile de Ceylon.

SAYCE: Records of the Past.

*SCHOOLCRAFT, H.R.: History, Condition, and Prospects of the Indian Tribes of the United States.

*SIBREE, J.: The Great African Island.

*SIMCOX, E.J.: Primitive Civilisations.

*SPENCER AND GILLEN: The Native Tribes of Central Australia.

*SPENCER, H.: Descriptive Sociology.

STARCKE, C.N.: The Primitive Family.

*THOMAS, W.J.: Sex and Society.

*TURNER: Thibet.

*TYLOR, ED. B.: Researches into the Early History of Mankind. Primitive Culture. The Matriarchal Family System. Nineteenth Century, July, 1896.

*WAITZ-GERLAND, F.: Anthropologie der Naturvoelker (Eng. trans.). Introduction to Anthropology.

WAKE: Evolution of Morality.

*WESTERMARK: The History of Human Marriage. Origin and Development of Moral Ideas.

WHITE, R.E.: Women in Ptolemaic Egypt.

WIESE, L.: Zur Geschichte und Bildung der Frauen.

*VOTH, H.R.: Traditions of the Hopi.

MODERN PART

ALBERT, C.: Free Love.

BEBEL, H.: Woman in the Past, Present, and Future (trans.).

BLACKWELL, ELIZ.: The Human Element in Sex.

BLASCHKO, A.: Prostitution in the Nineteenth Century.

*BLEASE, W.L.: The Emancipation of English Women.

BOUCHACOURT: La Grossesse.

BRAUN, LILY: Die Frauenfrage.

"BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL": "The Unborn Child: Its Care and its Rights," Aug. 1907; "The Influences of Antenatal Conditions on Infantile Mortality," Aug. 1904; "Physical Deterioration," Oct. 1905; "Infant Mortality. Huddersfield Scheme," Dec. 1907.

FERE, C.S.: La Pathologie des emotions. (Eng. trans., The Pathology of the Emotions.) L'Instinct sexuel.

FREUD, S.: Contributions to the Sexual Theory (trans.). Article on Sex abstinence, Sexual Problem, March 1908.

*GALTON, F.: Restrictions in Marriage and Eugenics as a Factor in Religion.

GODFREY, J.A.: The Science of Sex.

GROSS-HOFFINGER, A.J.: The Fate of Woman and Prostitution, etc.

HALL, STANLEY: Adolescence.

HAYNES, E.S.P.: Our Divorce Law.

HINTON, JAMES: MS., written 1870, and left unpublished. Quoted by H. Ellis, Psychology of Sex, Vol. VI.

HIRSCHFELD, M.: Sexual Stages of Transition.

*HIRTH, GEORGE: Wege zur Liebe. Wege zur Heimat.

HOWARD: History of Matrimonial Institutions.

JEANNEL, J.: Prostitution in Large Towns in the Nineteenth Century.

KEY, ELLEN: On Love and Marriage. The Century of the Child. The Woman Movement.

KISCH: Sexual Life of Women.

KRAFFT-EBING: Psychopathia Sexualis.

LAPIE, PAUL: La Femme dans la famille.

*LEA: History of Sacerdotal Celibacy.

*LIPPERT, H.: Prostitution in Hamburg.

LOMBROSO E FERRERO: La donna delinquente, la prostituta, e la donna normale. (Incom. Eng. trans.) The Female Offender. (Eng. Criminology Series.)

LOeWENFELD: Sexuelleben und Nervenleiden.

*MANTEGAZZA, P.: L'Amore. (French trans., L'amour dans l'humanite.) The Art of Choosing a Wife (trans.). The Art of Choosing a Husband (trans.).

MARCUSE, MAX: Unmarried Mothers. (Vol. XVII. of Documents of Great Towns.)

*MARRO, A.: La Puberte chez l'homme et chez la femme.

MAYREDER, ROSA: Zur Kritik der Weiblichkeit.

MILL, J.S.: Subjection of Women.

*MOeIBUS, P.J.: Stachyologie.

MOLL, A.: Hypnotism. (Trans., Cont. Sci. Series.)

MORRISON, W.D.: Crime and its Causes.

*MORTIMER, GEOFFREY (W.M. GALLICHAN): Chapters on Human Love.

NEWMAN, G.: Infant Mortality.

NORTHCOTE, H.: Christianity and Sex Problems.

PARENT-DUCHATELET, A.J.B.: De la prostitution dans la ville de Paris.

PARSONS, C.E.: The Family.

*PEARSON, KARL: The Chances of Death. Ethics of Free Thought. The Groundwork of Eugenics.

PECHIN: La Puericulture avant la naissance.

RYAN, M.: Prostitution in London, with a Comparative View of that of Paris and New York (in 1839).

SANGER, W.M.: The History of Prostitution.

SCHMID, MARIE VON: Mutterdienst.

*SCHREINER, OLIVE: Woman and Labour. The Woman Movement of our Day. (Harper's Bazaar, Jan. 1902.)

SENANCOUR: De l'amour.

*SHAW, G.B.: Man and Superman. Getting Married.

*STETSON (Mrs. Perkins Gilman): Woman and Economics. The Man-made World.

STOCKER, HELEN: Die Liebe und die Frauen.

TARDE: La Morale sexuelle. (Archives d'anthropologie criminelle.)

*THOMPSON, HELEN B.: The Mental Traits of Sex.

TILT: Elements of Health and Principles of Female Hygiene.

TOPINARD: Anthropologie generale.

WARDLAW, R.: Lectures on Female Prostitution; its Nature, Extent, Effects, Guilt, Causes, and Remedy.

*WEININGER, OTTO: Sex and Character.

*WELLS, H.G.: First and Last Things. A Modern Utopia. Marriage.

WOLLSTONECRAFT, MARY: Vindication of the Rights of Women.



INDEX

A

Adoption of children, 205, 358

Adultery, 279, 341 —— among primitive peoples, 132, 136, 148, 149, 160, 165 —— in Babylon, 206 —— in Egypt, 189, 191 —— in Greece, 218, 219-220 —— in Rome, 230, 238

AEschines, his dialogue on Aspasia, 224-225

Affectability of women, 296, 308-309, 317

Africa, the maternal family in, 162-164 —— power of Royal Princesses in, 161-162

Alladians of Ivory Coast, 164

Amazons, 228

Ambel-anak marriage, 152

American Indians. See Iroquois

Amphibians, 56

Animals, courtship and love among, 77, 78-79, 80, 81, 82, 88-99 —— the family among, 78, 102, 103 —— varied forms of the sexual association among, 55, 82, 87-88, 111, 113 —— variation in parental care of offspring among, 57, 80, 82, 108-111

Arabs, divorce among the ancient, 145, 154 —— traces of the mother-age among the, 153-154

Argus pheasant, courtship of, 97

Arrogance of modern woman, 270, 305, 326, 362

Art in relation to the sexual impulse, 324

Artistic impulse in women, 308-314

Arts, woman's entrance into the, 314-317

Asceticism among early Christians, 239, 323-324 —— later change in, 325-326 —— evils of, 324, 327 —— value of, 324

Ascetics' attitude towards sexual love, 327

Asexual reproduction, 36-39

Aspasia, 224-226

Athens. See Greece

Australia, communal marriage in, 146-147

Australians, West, 122

B

Babylon, position of women in ancient, 201-210 —— marriage and divorce in, 204-207 —— traces of the mother-age in, 201-202 —— trade in, 207-210

Bachofen on the mother-age, 142

Bambala tribe, 165

Basanga tribe, 165

Basques, 158

Basso Komo tribe, 165

Bastardy laws, 348-349

Bavili tribe, 163

Beauty-tests, 91, 95, 98-100, 104, 105

Beena marriage, 153

Bees, 43 et seq., 59

Biology, importance of, 13, 14, 33-35

Birds, love amongst, 59, 87, 91, 111, 114

Birds, amorous preference of females, 111 —— aesthetic perception of, 88, 89 —— family amongst, 59, 87, 88, 102-103, 107, 110, 113 —— female superiority amongst, 58, 90, 95, 105, 249 —— love battles 87, 90 —— love dances, parades and songs, 91, 92-99 —— monogamy amongst, 91 —— secondary sexual characters of, 88, 92, 100-101, 104 et seq. —— sex equality amongst, 59, 90, 105 et seq., 249

Bloch, Iwan, on promiscuity, 120 (note) —— on the discoveries of M. Currie, 300 —— on woman's influence on the arts, 307

Borneo native tribes, 123

Botocudos tribe, 122

Brain, sexual differences in, 276

Bride-price, 154 (note), 165, 173, 183, 204, 229

Britain, traces of the mother-age in, 127

Budding, 38

Buecher, Karl, on woman's early poetic activity, 306

Burma, high status of women in, 156-157 —— marriage system and divorce in, 157-158

C

Canon law, 240, 344, 354

Canute; his marriage as evidence of mother-right, 127

Celibacy, 324, 326, 328, 341, 382

Cell-division, 35-39

Certificate of health before marriage, 345

Ceylon, polyandry in, 150

Chastity, 165, 171, 189, 206, 219, 223, 226, 255, 323, 324, 326, 327-328, 342, 373-374 —— as the foundation of marriage, 334, 338

Child, relation to the mother, 23, 27, 103, 168, 170 —— rights of the, 9, 17, 255, 256-258, 340, 342, 345-346, 352, 355

Child, need of two parents, 42, 95, 111, 350, 358

China, traces of mother-age in, 159

Christianity, its influence on women, 234, 267, 317-328 —— in connection with marriage and divorce, 239, 240, 344, 354

Cirripedes, complemental males among the, 52

Civilisation and sex, 113, 265-266

Clandestine transitory loves, 341

Clothing; effect of, on women, 277, 303-304

Cocotte, the, 253, 303

Concubinage, 189-191, 205, 230

Connection between bodily and spiritual impulses, 323-324, 326

Contract marriage. See Marriage

Conventional lies of the present day, 254 et seq., 258-261, 278, 281

Co-operation among animals, 82, 102, 111

Coquetry, 254, 255, 258

Courtship: its importance, 100-111, 252, 254-256

Cruelty in relation to sex, 67, 266-267, 327

D

Darwin on sexual selection, 100-101

Demi-monde, 366

Differentiation between the sexes: its importance, 101, 248-249, 257, 261-263, 268, 273-276, 284, 290, 293, 295-297

Diotima, 223

Disease and marriage, 345, 355, 360-361

Disinclination for marriage, 61-63, 225-226, 267, 268-270, 335, 359

Disproportion in numbers between the sexes, 278

Divorce among primitive peoples, 132, 137, 148, 160 —— in Babylon, 205-207 —— in Burma, 157-158 —— in Egypt, 191-192, 356 —— in Greece, 220 —— in Rome, 233, 356 —— attitude of Church and State towards, 354 —— causes for, 353, 354 et seq.

Divorce by mutual consent, 356, 358 —— importance of, for women, 356, 359 —— psychical, 355 —— reform of, 355-356

Donaldson on high character of Roman women, 239

Duplex sexual morality, 171, 206, 219, 226, 357

E

Economic factor in marriage, 171, 215-216, 253, 282, 342-343, 345, 346-347 —— —— in prostitution, 282, 362-363, 370 —— dependence of women, 23-24, 253, 264, 280, 342

Egg-cell. See Ovum

Egoism of modern woman, 270, 305, 335, 362, 365, 380-381

Egypt, position of women in ancient, 179-201 —— concubinage in, 189-191 —— divorce in, 191-192 —— family affection in, 192-193, 194-197 —— marriage contracts in, 182-185, 186-191 —— polygamy in, 192 —— traces of the mother-age in, 185-186

Ellis, Havelock, on sexual differences, 21 —— on the position of women in Rome, 234 —— on the artistic impulse in women, 297 —— on religious sexual perception, 320

Emancipation of woman, 4-8

Emma, her marriage with Canute, 127

Emotivity of women, 309, 318

Enfranchisement of women, 291, 362, 379, 380

Ennoblement of love, 347-348, 351-352, 383

Environment, influences of, 15, 17, 21, 273, 299-301, 313

Erotic element in religion, 317, 319-326

Ethelbald, King of Kent, his marriage as evidence of mother-right, 127

Ethelbald, King of W. Saxons, his marriage as evidence of mother-right, 127

Eugenics, 18-19, 165, 218, 283, 345-346, 350, 355

Euripides on women, 227

Exchange of wives among primitive peoples, 132, 166, 170 —— —— in Sparta, 218

F

Facial expression and sex, 311-312

Factory workers, condition of, 281-283, 287-288, 362-363

Fairy stories, connection with mother-rights, 121, 126

Family, among animals. See Birds and Animals —— —— primitive peoples. See Mother-age —— —— ancient civilisation. See Egypt, Babylon, Greece and Rome

Fanti of the Gold Coast, 163

Father in relation to the family, 125, 164-167, 169, 171-175, 257

Father-right. See Mother-age

Fear of love in women, 264, 270, 322, 323, 325-326, 369-370, 373-374, 382

Female, origin of, 41-42

Fertilisation, 40, 51, 53, 56, 60, 77

Festivals, connection with mother-right, 121

Festivals, religious, 320, 372

Finery, love of, in women, 303, 322, 365, 370

Fishes, love among, 78 —— parental care among, 57-58 —— sex differences among, 57, 78-79

Flirtation. See Coquetry

Freedom to love for women, 279

Freedom to work for women, 283

Free-love, a criticism of, 349-350

Free-marriage. See Marriage

Frigidity, sexual, 260, 269-270, 369 —— —— as a cause of prostitution, 368-370, 371

Fuegians, 122

Future of woman, 377-385

G

Gallinaceae, 90, 265

Galton's Law of Inheritance, 17

Garos tribe, 147

Geddes and Tompson on the anabolic character of the female, 54 (note)

Genius in relation to woman, 301-317

Ghasiyas tribe, 148

Goddesses in forefront of early religions, 198, 222

Greece, position of women in ancient, 210-227 —— Athens, subjection of women in, 216, 219-223, 265 —— —— divorce in, 220 —— —— Hetairae, 222-226, 265 —— —— marriage and sale of bride, 220-221 —— —— movement of revolt in, 226-227 —— Homeric women, freedom of, 212-215 —— Spartan women, freedom of, 216-219 —— State regulation of love, 217-218 —— traces of the mother-age in, 211 (note), 213, 219, 222

Group-marriage. See Marriage

Growth and reproduction. See Reproduction

Gynaecocracy. See Mother-age

H

Haeckel on reproduction, 17, 35

Hammurabi. See Babylon, marriage and divorce

Hartland on mother-right, 126 (note)

Hassanyeh arabs, 166-167

Health and women, 157, 168-169, 197, 215, 217, 284-286

Health in relation to marriage. See Disease

Hebrews, traces of the mother-age among the ancient, 128-130

Hellenic love, 265

Heredity, importance of, 17-20

Hermaphroditism, 76-77

Hindu mountaineers, 149

Hobhouse, on the Egyptian marriage contracts, 183 (note)

Hobhouse, on the high character of Roman women, 139

Hopis. See Pueblos

Hunger and love, 75, 101

I

Illegitimacy, 160, 190, 205, 218, 342, 347, 348-349

Impurity, 267, 323-327

India, the maternal family in, 147-148

Individual responsibility in love, 257, 351-353, 358-359

Infantile mortality, 348, 378

Inferiority of the female, 12, 20, 23, 25, 47-49, 53-55 —— of the male, 44, 49-53, 56, 57-58, 65-67, 104 et seq.

Insects, love of, 82

Instinct in woman, 296-297

Intellect in woman. See Mind

Intellectual activity and sex, 324, 325-326

Intellectuals among women, 61-63, 268-270, 325-326

Ireland, traces of mother-age in ancient, 128

Iroquois, 131-135, 141-142 —— forms of marriage among, 132, 134 —— high status of women among, 132, 133, 134, 141-142 —— maternal family among, 131-132, 134 —— tribal customs among, 131, 133, 134-135

J

Japan, traces of the maternal family in, 158-159

Judith, her marriage with Ethelbald, 127

K

Kammalaus, polyandry among, 149

Kasias tribes of India, 147

Key, Ellen, on the spiritual character of woman's love, 258 —— on free-love, 349

L

Labour and women, 278-292 —— division of, between the sexes, 22-24, 280

Labour of primitive women, 168-169, 264 —— of Spanish women, 284-286 —— significance of, 301-302, 303-304, 379 —— sweated workers, 281-283 —— woman's exemption from, 23, 314

Lais, 224

Lending wives, 218

Leontium, 224

Lie of marriage, 341

Limit of growth, 36

Loango, 163

Love, comparison between animal and human, 119-121 —— comparison between woman's love and man's, 260, 373-374 —— elementary phenomena of, 75 —— purposes of the individual and of the race in relation to, 121, 338-340 —— significance and ennoblement of, 99-100, 322, 327-328, 352, 369, 374, 382, 383 —— wastage of, 322, 327, 373, 340

Love and beauty, 100

Love and marriage. See Marriage

Love-free. See Free-love

Love's choice. See Sexual selection

Lust in relation to love, 340, 341, 372 —— theological conception of, 324 et seq.

Lycurgus, laws of, 217-218

M

Madagascar, traces of the mother-age in, 160-161

Maine, Sir Henry, on the Roman marriage law, 239-240

Malays of Sumatra, 152-153

Male, origin of the, 42, 49, 52

Male-cell. See Spermatozoon

Male-force, assertion of, 75, 104, 108, 124, 125, 164, 172, 247

Male-tyranny, mistaken view of, 24, 158, 172-173, 174

Mammals, love among the. See Animals.

Man as the helper of woman, 309, 350, 384

Man as the slave of woman, 67, 267, 327

Mariana Islands, 154-155

Marriage, 331-352, 360 —— certificates for, 345 —— coercive, 332, 335, 341, 353, 359 —— economic factor in, 195-196, 256, 342-343, 345, 347 —— the ideal, 340, 349, 351, 352 —— individual end of, 338-340 —— history of, 343-345 —— love an essential part of, 350-352, 353-354, 358 —— objects of, 331-332, 334 —— racial end of, 334, 337-339, 354 —— reform of, 331-333, 335-336, 351-352, 353, 359 —— among animals. See Animals —— customs among primitive peoples. See Mother-age —— in relation to practical morality, 335-336, 337-338, 347-348, 349-350, 354 —— in relation to prostitution, 341-342, 359-361, 369, 371, 374

Maternal instinct, 61, 261 et seq. —— sacrifice, 263 et seq.

Matriarchal family among bees, 62

Matriarchy. See Mother-age

Maupassant on woman, 327

Memory, sexual differences in, 294-295

Men, emancipation of: this must be done by women, 269, 292

Menomini Indians, 145

Mental mobility of woman, 311

Mind, sexual differences in, 292-317

Mis-differentiation of women, 268 et seq.

Misogany, 267

Monogamy, 340-341, 352-353 —— among animals and birds. See Animals and Birds

Moral codes, 343-344, 353

Morality, ideal, 335, 350, 352 —— practical, 331, 335-336, 351-352 —— traditional, 335, 352

Mother-age, 119-175 —— evidence in support of the, 121-122, 143-146 —— periods of the, 122-125 —— traces among civilised peoples of, 125, 130, 158-159, 185, 201-202, 211, 228

Mother-age, marriage and courtship customs during, 132, 135-137, 138, 139, 145, 147-148, 149, 151, 153, 154, 165 —— beginnings of marriage, visiting by night, 159, 169 —— capture-marriage, 148, 172 —— exchange-marriage, 166, 170, 173 —— group-marriage, 124, 146, 151 (note), 169 —— purchase-marriage, 155, 165, 166, 173 —— monogamy, 137, 138, 139 —— polyandry, 149-151 —— position of the mother, 122, 123, 124, 127, 131-132, 133, 136, 137, 139-146, 148, 153, 154, 163, 168-171, 173-174 —— —— father, 124, 125, 132, 134, 137, 138, 144, 151, 152, 155, 163, 169, 171 —— —— maternal uncle, 124, 132, 140, 144, 152, 163, 164, 173 —— —— children, 134, 138, 147, 149, 152, 164, 165 —— transition to father-right, 134, 147, 148, 155, 168 —— establishment of father-right, 147, 164 et seq., 171-174

Motherhood, endowment of, 62, 348 —— free, 265, 279 —— importance of, 7, 9, 27, 255, 265, 312, 314 —— responsibility of, 18-19, 257, 258, 263, 283, 351-352, 358, 381-382

Mother-right united with father-right, 175, 187

Music and women, 300-301, 306-308

Musquakies. See Iroquois

N

Nature or inheritance, 15-19, 25, 273, 309

Nayars of Malabar, 151-152

Need for sexual variety among animals, 111-112, 121, 251 —— —— men, 112, 121, 371-373

Nurture or environment, 15-17, 19-20, 273, 309

Nutrition and reproduction, 17, 35 —— connection with sex, 41-44

O

Obstetric frog, 80

Octopus, courtship of the, 81

One-sexed world, the idea of a, 268

Orgy, the use of the, 319-320, 372

Ostrich, love-dances of the, 94

Ovum, 36, 39, 53, 250

P

Parasitic females, 53-55 —— males, 51-53, 77

Paradise bird of New Guinea, 89

Parenthood. See Motherhood

Parthenogenesis, 49

Passion, importance of, in woman, 319, 326, 370, 374

Passivity, alleged, of female, 65-69, 250-253

Patriarchal subjection of women, 10, 22, 23-24, 173, 204, 212, 215, 219-221, 226, 229, 256, 264-265, 280

Patriarchy. See Father-right under Mother-age

Pearson, Karl, on the mother-age, 126-127 (note) —— on variability in women, 299

Pericles, 223, 224

Periodicity of woman in relation to work, 312-313

Phalaropes, reversal of the role of the sexes among, 107, 249, 265

Picts, traces of the mother-age among, 127

Pit-brow women, 284

Plants, sex in, 50 (note)

Plato on women, 226

Polyandry, 149-154

Polygamy, 192, 204, 230, 279

Position of the sexes, early. See Origin of the sexes

Promiscuity, belief in an early period of, 120 (note), 121

Primitive human love, 119-121

Primitive woman. See Mother-age

Prostitutes, 342, 360, 364-368

Prostitution, 341, 359-374 —— causes of, 282-283, 362-365, 368-371, 373-374

Prostitution, remedies for, 363-364, 369, 371, 374

Protozoa, 37 et seq.

Pueblos tribes, 137-139

Purity, the ideal of, for women, 373-374

R

Race, the, its significance in relation to woman, 27, 44, 63, 257, 283, 289, 290, 354, 383-385

Re-birth of woman, 20, 27, 63, 257, 283, 290, 378, 385

Religion and sexuality, 317, 319-323 —— and women, 157, 317-328

Reproduction, theory of. See Origin of Sex

Reproductive cells. See Ovum and Spermatozoon

Reptiles, love amongst, 79

Responsibility in the sexual relationships. See Love, ennoblement of

Revolution in the position of woman, 1-2, 4, 7-9, 27, 280, 379-380, 382

Revolutionary forces, 280, 281, 291

Rome, position of women in, 227-242 —— divorce by consent in, 233 —— evolution of marriage in, 229-233 —— high status of women in later periods in, 234-238 —— influence of Christianity on position of women in, 235, 239-240 —— licentiousness, alleged in, 238-239 —— traces of the mother-age in, 228

S

Sai. See Pueblos

Santal tribes, 148

Sappho, 217, 301

Schopenhauer on woman, 9, 267

Sea-horse, parental care of males among, 80

Secondary sexual characters, 12, 48, 78 et seq., 88 et seq., 104 et seq., 114, 248-256, 261-263, 265, 268, 273-278, 292 et seq.

Seduction, 364-365

Senecas. See Iroquois

Sense of shame in woman, 255, 326

Sensibility of woman, 309 et seq.

Seri, marriage customs of, 135-136

Sex, origin of, 36, 41-43 —— primary office of, 39-40, 73-74 —— significance of, 75, 99-102, 114

Sex-elements, early separation of, 76

Sex-hatred, evils of, 24, 67, 266-267, 268-269, 288-289, 291, 326-327, 380-381

Sex-hunger, 75, 99

Sex-relationships assume different forms to suit varying conditions of life, 103, 107, 111-113

Sex-victims, 55

Sexes, early position of, 55, 73 et seq., 249-250

Sexual abstinence. See Chastity —— antipathy, 215, 265, 266-267 —— attraction, 215, 266 —— crimes, 34, 65, 87, 112, 347 —— instincts, imperious action of, 33-34, 59, 67, 73, 75, 88 et seq., 99, 101, 254, 261, 319, 326, 372 —— reproduction. See Reproduction —— selection, 75, 100 et seq., 104 et seq., 114, 250, 254, 262

Shaw, G.B., on woman's right of selection in love, 65-66, 253 —— on economic factor in prostitution, 362-363

Simcox on the Egyptians, 193 (note), 195, 202

Slugs, love of, 77

Snails, love organ of, 77

Socrates on love, 223

Spain, position of women in, 286-287

Sparta. See Greece

Spermatozoon, 36, 49, 53, 251

Spider, courtship of the, 64 et seq.

Spores, 36

Stickleback, habits of, 80 —— paternal care of offspring among, 80

Sterility, sin of, 378-379

Structural modifications to adapt the sexes to different modes of life, 107

Suffrage, struggle for, 9, 379-380, 382-383

Superiority of the female, 56-58, 66-68, 73, 90, 103, 124, 125, 249, 267, 383-384

Superiority of the male, 10, 12-13, 23-24, 47-48, 104, 249

Surinam toad, 81

T

Tadpoles, 43, 77

Talent, sexual differences in, 292 et seq.

Thargalia, 223

Theodota, 223

Thibet, polyandry in, 150

Third-sex, 269-270

Thomas on the sexual differences, 274, 304

Thomson, J.A., on the difference of variability in men and women, 298-299

Thucydides on the duty of women, 223

Todas tribe, 149

Transition, present period of, for women, 11, 263-264, 267, 280-281, 288, 289-290, 314-317, 325, 333, 379, 381, 384

Tyrant bird, love calls of, 96

U

Ulpian, the jurist, on a double standard of morality for the sexes, 240

Union, free. See Free-love

Use of male to female, 40, 44, 103, 250, 309, 384

V

Variation in the two sexes, 297-300

Variety. See Need for Sexual Variety

Virgin birth, stories of, 126, 202, 228 (note)

Virginity, 171, 189, 344

Visions, sexual, 320-321, 323

Volvox, 41-42

W

Wallace on sexual selection, 100

Wamoima tribe, 163

Ward, Lester, theory of gynaeocracy, 49, 50 (note), 107, 108

Wayao and Mang'anja tribes, 165

Weininger on woman, 26, 267

Wells, H.G., on marriage, 305 —— on love and religion, 322

Wild duck, love of a, 111-112, 250

Witchcraft, connection with mother-rights, 127 (note)

Woman and man, differences between, 9, 12, 14, 16, 21, 47, 199-201, 247 et seq., 273 et seq., 292 et seq.; 319-320, 322, 326

Woman and sexuality, 26, 267, 269, 304, 325, 327

Woman and work. See Labour

Woman's dependence on man, 264, 269, 290, 381 —— emancipation, 8, 24, 269, 279, 289-290, 302, 305, 316, 379 et seq. —— influence, 10, 266 —— place in the sexual relationship, 251, 261-262, 264-265, 267, 270, 279-280, 383-384 —— responsibility, 258, 263-264, 283, 291-292, 351-352, 360 et seq., 374, 381 et seq. —— right of selection in love, 65 et seq., 252-256, 309

Wyandots. See Iroquois

X

Xenophon's ideal wife, 223

Z

Zuni Indians. See Pueblos

* * * * *

- Typographical errors corrected in text: Page 40: nucelus replaced with nucleus page 52: complimental replaced with complemental Page 117: cusmtos replaced with customs Page 146: matrilenial replaced with matrilineal Page 157: posibly replaced with possibly Page 260: Krafft Ebing replaced with Krafft-Ebing Page 347: Senancour replaced with Senancour Footnote 140: Ethon. replaced with Ethno. -

* * * * *

THE END