 |
Then follows a paragraph of great importance in itself, and of almost as much from the light it casts on its author's state of mind, and, perhaps, also on Melanchthon's, at that particular time:—
"I myself also desire moderation in certain things on the part of the Lutherans, and reasonableness. To this they may be recalled if the matters in dispute are duly examined into. It is the duty of the bishops to do their utmost that learned men of either side should lovingly confer together on Christian doctrine, that some one certain form of doctrine, founded only upon the Word of God and the teaching of the primitive fathers, should be framed; and if this were done, the Church might easily be brought to coalesce again into one body. Nor do I doubt that good men on both sides are so disposed that they would not only willingly proffer their opinions, but also yield their individual convictions if they should hear more weighty reasons from the other side. For it is tyrannical, and specially unbecoming in a theologian, to do that which the son reproves in the tyrant, his father, in the tragedy. He wishes, the son says, to speak but to hear nothing in reply. At present the good men who are most desirous to provide some remedy for public evils keep silence, and secretly bewail the fate of the Church, not only alarmed by fear of those in power, but crushed by a sort of despair in this so great madness of slanderers, who have become so domineering that they would suffer no one but themselves to gain a hearing."
[APPENDIX F (p. 267).
THE DREAM OR VISION OF ALESIUS CONCERNING THE DECAPITATION OF ANNE BOLEYN.
I take to witness Christ, who shall judge the quick and the dead, that I am about to speak the truth. On the day upon which the Queen was beheaded, at sunrise between two and three o'clock, there was revealed to me (whether I was asleep or awake I know not) the Queen's neck after her head had been cut off, and this so plainly that I could count the nerves, the veins, and the arteries.
Terrified by this dream, or vision, I immediately arose, and, crossing the river Thames, I came to Lambeth (this is the name of the Archbishop of Canterbury's palace), and I entered the garden in which he was walking.
When the archbishop saw me, he inquired why I had come so early, for the clock had not yet struck four. I answered that I had been horrified in my sleep, and I told him the whole occurrence. He continued in silent wonder for a while, and at length broke out into these words, "Do not you know what is to happen to-day?" and when I answered that I had remained at home since the date of the Queen's imprisonment, and knew nothing of what was going on, the archbishop then raised his eyes to heaven and said, "She who has been the Queen of England upon earth will to-day become a queen in heaven." So great was his grief that he could say nothing more, and then he burst into tears.
Terrified at this announcement, I return[ed] to London sorrowing. Although my lodging was not far distant from the place of execution, yet I could not become an eye-witness to the butchery of such an illustrious lady, and of the exalted personages who were beheaded along with her.—(Foreign Calendar, Elizabeth, i. 528).]
[APPENDIX G (p. 269).
THE DEPARTURE OF ALESIUS FROM ENGLAND.
As soon as the king [i.e., Henry VIII.] began to hate her [i.e., Anne Boleyn], laws hostile to the purer doctrine of the Gospel appeared. When I could not bear these with a good conscience, nor could my profession allow me to dissemble them (for I was filling the office of the ordinary reader in the celebrated University of Cambridge by the king's orders), I came to the Court, and asked for my dismissal by means of Crumwell. But he retained me for about three years with empty hopes, until it was decreed and confirmed by law that married priests should be separated from their wives and punished at the king's pleasure. But before this law was published, the Bishop of Canterbury sent Lord Pachet [i.e. Paget] from Lambeth to me at London.... He directed me to call upon the archbishop early in the morning. When I called upon him, "Happy man that you are," said he, "you can escape! I wish that I might do the same; truly my see would be no hindrance to me. You must make haste to escape before the island is blocked up, unless you are willing to sign the decree, as I have, compelled by fear. I repent of what I have done. And if I had known that my only punishment would have been deposition from the archbishopric (as I hear that my Lord Latimer is deposed), of a truth I would not have subscribed. I am grieved, however, that you have been deprived of your salary for three years by Crumwell;[322] that you have no funds for your travelling expenses, and that I have no ready money. Nor dare I mention this to my friends, lest the king should become aware that warning had been given by me for you to escape, and that I have provided you with the means of travelling. I give you, however, this ring as a token of my friendship. It once belonged to Thomas Wolsey, and it was presented to me by the king when he gave me the archbishopric."
When I heard what the bishop had to say, I immediately caused my property to be sold, and I concealed myself in the house of a German sailor until the ship was ready, in which I embarked, dressed as a soldier, along with other German troops, that I might not be detected. When I had escaped a company of searchers, I wrote to Crumwell (although he had not behaved well towards me) and warned him of the danger in which he stood at that time, and about certain other matters. For this I can vouch the testimony of John Ales, Gregory, and the Secretary, and Pachet himself. But Christopher Mount said that Crumwell did not dare to speak to me when I was going away and soliciting my dismissal, nor could he venture to give me anything, lest he should be accused to the king, but that he would send the sum that he owed me into Germany.[323]
The next intelligence, however, which I heard of him was that he had undergone capital punishment by order of the king; to whom he had written, when in prison, saying that he was punished by the just judgment of God, because he had loved the king more than God; and that out of deference to his sovereign he had caused many innocent persons to be put to death, not sparing your [i.e., Elizabeth's] most holy mother, nor had he obeyed her directions in promoting the doctrine of the Gospel.—(Foreign Calendar, Elizabeth, i. 532-534).]
FOOTNOTES:
[322] [In Crumwell's accounts there are payments of L5 to Alesius on each of the following dates: 4th January 1536-37, 28th March, 28th May, and 24th October 1537; of 10 merks, on 19th February 1537-38; and of L5, on 13th October 1538, to Ric. Morison, which he gave "by my lord's command" to Alesius (Letters and State Papers, Henry VIII., vol. xiv. part ii. 328-338).]
[323] [Alesius arrived at Wittenberg on the 9th of July 1539, and from thence informed Crumwell that he was encouraged to hope that he would receive a post in the University there (Letters and State Papers, Henry VIII., vol. xiv. part i. 583, 584). Melanchthon wrote to the Elector's chancellor, on the 1st of December 1539, recommending him for the University of Frankfort (Corpus Reformatorum, iii. 842-844).]
APPENDIX H (p. 281).
ALESIUS' INVITATION OF MELANCHTHON TO HIS DAUGHTER'S WEDDING.
Nockau, 11 August 1557.
ALEXANDER ALESIUS AU MELANCHTHON.
S.D. Quod foelix faustumque sit. Dilectissima filia mea Anna, cui nomen in baptismo indidit bonae memoriae primogenita vestra, desponsata est honesto iuveni Martino Luxsolario (nam solem etiam pro insigni habet), doctoris Martini filio, petente id sua matre per cognatos et affines, et suadentibus communibus amicis nostris. Dictus est autem dies nuptiarum ultimus Augusti, circa quod tempus vos ad colloquium profecturum (sic) spero. Peto igitur reverenter et amanter, ut una cum honestissima coniuge vestra, genero, filia ac nepte nuptias vestra praesentia ornare velitis. Existimo autem magistrum Paulum, amanuensem vestrum, una venturum, sed tamen ut eum cum uxore invitetis meis verbis ad nuptias oro. Scitis autem summum sacerdotem et pontificem nostrum filium Dei, qui primos parentes in paradyso copulavit, et non minore magnificentia quam sapientia et potencia suam ordinationem contra sophistica et tyrannidem diaboli et multiplicem ingratitudinem nostram defendit, ut totam actionem, ita etiam invitacionem hospitum et communia officia sua presentia et primo miraculo comprobasse[t] ac monstrasse[t], quantum dilectetur (sic) istis congressibus. Nos autem parentes et amici, sponsi et sponsae, una cum eis, pro hoc officio et molestia profectionis gratitudinem pollicemur per omnem occasionem.
Ex pago Nockau postridie Laurentii 1557.
ALEXANDER ALESIUS.
Adresse: Clarissimo et ornatissimo viro d. Philippo Melanchthoni, suo praeceptori carissimo.
APPENDIX I (p. 283).
THE WORKS OF ALESIUS.
The following is a list of the published writings of Alesius, so far as I have been able to trace them:—
1. Epistola contra decretum quoddam Episcoporum in Scotia, 1533. [For a full copy of the title see p. 259 n. No place, date, or printer's name is given on the title-page. This small 8vo consists of only 14 leaves. It begins: "Inclyto Regis Scotorum D. Iacobo Quinto Duci Albaniae, Principi Hiberniae & Orchadum Domino suo clementissimo Allexander Alesius S. D." At the end there is the date, "Anno. M.D.XXXIII." In Cooper's 'Athenae Cantabrigienses' (i. 239), 1542 and 1543 are given as the dates of other two editions.]
2. Responsio ad Cochlei Calumnias, 1533. [The full title is: "Alexandri Alesii Scotti Responsio ad Cochlei Calvmnias." No place, date, or printer's name is given.]
3. Oratio de Gratitudine et Restituendis Scholis. Lipsiae (?), 1541. [In the 'Athenae Cantabrigienses,' the 'Oratio de Gratitudine' and the 'De Restituendis Scholis' are entered as separate works published in Leipsic in 1541. They may, however, have been also issued as one. In the 'Corpus Reformatorum,' xi. 251-257, is printed the "Oratio de Gratitudine M. Alexandri Alesii Scoti, Decani, in promotione Magistrorum anno M.D.XXXIV." The full title of the other is: "De Restitvendis Scholis Oratio habita ab Alexdro (sic) Alesio, in celebri Academia Frācofordiana ad Oderam. An. M.D.XL. Mense Iunio. Francofordiae apud Ioannem Hanaw." The dedication ends: "Francofordiae ad Oderam calēdis Iunij. An. M.D.XL." There are only 19 leaves in this small tract.]
4. De Auctore et Utilitate Psalmorum. 1542.
5. De Auctoritate Verbi Dei contra Episcopum Lundensem. 1542. [See p. 264 n.]
6. Of the Auctorite of the Word of God agaynst the Bisshop of London. [For a full copy of the title, see p. 268 n. This small 8vo black-letter tract of 46 leaves bears no place, date, or printer's name. In the British Museum Catal., Leipsic is given as the probable place of printing, and 1537 as the supposed date. Perhaps the date has been inferred from the opening sentence of the tract: "Abowt V yere agone I wrote to the noble king of Scottys the father of my contry complanning of a certen proclamacyon wherin the bisshops had forbidden the Holy Scripture to be redd in the mother tong." It is rather curious that in the Latin version this sentence runs thus; "Ante biennium scripsi inclyto regi Scotorum patri meae patriae, et questus sum de edicto quodam, quo episcopi prohibebant lectionem sacrorum librorum lingua patria."]
7. Cohortatio ad concordiam pietatis ac doctrinae Christianae defensionem. Lipsiae, 1544.
8. [De Argvmento Epistolae ad Romanos Dispvtatio prima, pvblice proposita in celebri Academia Lipsensi, et in ordinaria dispvtatione defensa, praesidente Alexandro Alesio, sacrae theologiae doctore. Lipsiae in officina Valenttini Papae. anno M.D.XLVII. This small 8vo tract of 8 leaves is printed in italics.]
9. Ordo Distributionis Sacramenti Altaris in Regno Angliae. 1548. [This is a translation of 'The Order of the Communion,' which has been re-printed for the Parker Society in 'The Two Liturgies of Edward VI.' In the British Museum Catal., it is mentioned that the translator's address to the reader is signed: 'A. A. S. D. Th.'—i.e., "Alexander Alesius, Scotus, Doctor Theologiae." See also Coverdale's Remains, Parker Society, p. 525 n.]
10. Epitome Catechismi D. P. Melanchthonis cui addita est expositio symboli et Orationis Dominicae. 1550.
11. Commentarius in Epistolam Primam Si Pauli ad Timotheum. Lipsiae, 1550.
12. Commentarius in Epistolam Secundam Si Pauli ad Timotheum. Lipsiae, 1551. [The exact title of this is: "In Alteram ad Timotheum Expositio. Avtore Alexandro Alesio. D. Lipsiae, excvdebat Georgivs Hantzsch anno M.D.LI."]
13. Ordinatio Ecclesiae in Regno Angliae. 1551. [This is a translation of the 'First Liturgy of Edward VI.' As a translation it is somewhat adversely criticised in the 'Liturgical Services of Queen Elizabeth,' Parker Society, pp. xxiv-xxvii. The full title is: "Ordinatio Ecclesiae, sev Ministerii Ecclesiastici, in Florentissimo Regno Angliae, conscripta sermone patrio, & in Latinam linguam bona fide conuersa, & ad consolationem ecclesiarum Christi, ubicunque locorum ac gentium, his tristissimis temporibus, edita, ab Alexandro Alesio Scoto sacrae theologiae doctore. Lipsiae in officina VVolfgangi Gvnteri. Anno M.D.LI." The copy of this 4to in the Edinburgh University Library belonged to Drummond of Hawthornden. In the 'Athenae Cantabrigienses,' 1619 and 1690 are given as the dates of two 8vo editions.]
14. Commentarius in Epistolam S. Pauli ad Titum. Lipsiae, 1552. [The full title of this is: "Epistolae ad Titvm Expositio, in qva pleraque tractantur per quaestiones, ut a pueris facilius percipi, & retineri possint. Nulla est autem sententia in tota Epistola praetermissa, quae non sit explicata: Et de Syntaxi, & Figura sermonis, ac genuina significatione dictionū passim disputatur. Praelecta Lipsiae, ab Alexandra Alesio. D. Lipsiae, in officina typographica Georgii Hantzsch. M.D.LII."]
15. Refutatio errorum Andreae Osiandri de Justificatione. Wittembergae, 1552. [The full title is: "Alexandri Alesii Doctoris Theologiae diligens refutatio errorum, quos sparsit nuper Andreas Osiander in libro, cui titulum fecit: De Vnico Mediatore Christo. Edita VVitebergae ex officina Ioannis Lufftij anno 1552." In the 'Athenae Cantabrigienses' it is stated that an edition was also printed at Leipsic in 1553.]
16. Commentarius in Evangelium Joannis. Lipsiae, 1552. Basilii, 1553. [The full title is: "Commentarivs in Euangelium Ioannis, praelectvs in celebri Academia Lipsensi, ab Alexandro Alesio D. Theologo, anno Domini 1552. Cum locuplete rerum & uerborum memorabilium indice. Basileae, per Ioannem Oporinum." The colophon is: "Basileae, ex officina Ioannis Oporini, anno salutis humanae M.D.LIII. Mense Martio." This volume contains over 600 pages.]
17. Disputatio in XIIII. cap. Rom. Disputt. et Orr. aliquot Francoforti habitae 1540 et 1541. [The full title is: "In Capvt XIIII. Epistolae Pavli ad Romanos, Dispvtatio Alexandri Alesii Theologiae D. Lipsiae, M.D.XLVI." This tract of 6 leaves, with the exception of the title-page and the heading, is printed in italics.]
18. Omnes Disputationes Alexandri Alesii in Epistolam Si Pauli ad Romanos. Lipsiae, 1553. [The full title is: "Omnes Dispvtationes D. Alexandri Alesii de tota Epistola ad Romanos diversis temporibvs propositae ab ipso in celebri Academia Lipsensi, et a mvltis doctis viris expetitae, iam tandem collectae per Georgivm Hantsch, et editae in gratiam stvdiosorvm. Cvm praefatione Philippi Melanchthonis. M.D.LIII." In the British Museum Catal. Wittenberg is entered as the supposed place of publication. In the sale catal. of the Makellar Library there is the item: "Alesius (Alex. Scotus) De Paulina Argumentatione, capiti secundo ad Romanos, Ideo inexcusabilis es, o Homo quis-quis es qui Judicus (sic), Disputatio Sexta, ... s. l. anno 1549." See also supra, Nos. 8 and 17.]
19. Primus Liber Psalmorum Davidis. Lipsiae, 1550, 1554.
20. Disputationes Tres De Mediatore et Justificatione hominis. Lipsiae, 1554.
21. Responsio ad Tapperum de Missa et Coena Domini. Lipsiae. [In the 'Athenae Cantabrigienses,' 1565 is given as the date of publication.]
22. Contra horrendas Serveti Blasphemias Disputationes Tres. Lipsiae, 1554. [These disputations were probably issued separately and were supplemented by a fourth. In the 'Athenae Cantabrigienses' there is the entry: "Contra Michaelem Servetum ejusque blasphemias disp. iii. Leipsic, 8vo. 1554"; and also this other: "Contra horrendas Serveti blasphemias disputatio quarta. Leipsic, 8^{vo.} 1555."]
23. Disputatio de Perpetuo Consensu Ecclesiae. Lipsiae, 1553(?), 1556.
24. Ad libellum Ludovici Nogarolae comitis De Traditionibus Apostolicis et earum necessitate Responsio Alexandri Alesii D. Lip. 1556. [For the rarity of this tract see supra, p. 255 n. In his Introduction to Gau, Dr Mitchell gives as the alternate title: "Apostolicae institutiones a Ludovico Nogarola Com. in parvum libellum collectae et ab Alexandro Alesio in Disputationem propositae in celebri Academia Lipsiensi. Lipsiae, Excudebat Georgius Hantzsch, 1556." 8vo.]
25. Responsio ad Duos et triginta Articulos Theologorum Lovaniensium. Lipsiae, 1559. [In the sale catalogue of the Makellar Library 1545 is given as the year of publication. In the 'Athenae Cantabrigienses' 1549 is given.]
26. Assertio Doctrinae Ecclesiae Catholicae de Sancta Trinitate, cum confutatione erroris Valentini Gentilis. 1564 (?). [British Museum Catalogue gives Geneva, 1567.]
27. Edinburgi Regiae Scotorum Urbis Descriptio. Bannatyne Club Miscellany, vol. i. [This description of Edinburgh was sent by Alesius to Sebastian Munster for his "Cosmography," printed at Basle in 1550, and republished in 1572. There are translations of it in Mackenzie's Lives and Characters of Scots Writers, ii. 400, 401; and in Chambers' Minor Antiquities of Edinburgh; and in Hume Brown's Scotland before 1700.]
28. [Congratulatory letter to Queen Elizabeth, dated at Leipsic, 1st September 1559. The original holograph of twenty pages and a slip is still preserved. A translation of most of it is given in the Calendar of Foreign State Papers, Reign of Elizabeth, i. 524-534.]
[There are copies of Nos. 5, 12, 14, 15, 16 (1553), and 18 in St Andrews University Library; of No. 2 in the Church of Scotland Library, Edinburgh; of No. 16 (1553) in the Signet Library; of No. 8 in the Advocates'; of Nos. 2, 3 (De Restituendis Scholis), 5, 13, 16 (1553), and 17 in the Edinburgh University Library; and of Nos. 1, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16 (1553), 18, 19 (1554), 23 (1556), and 26 in the British Museum. Nos. 27 and 28 are in all important public libraries. At Laing's sale, No. 1 brought L6, 5s.; No. 2, L17, 17s.; No. 5, L6; No. 6, L4; No. 13, L10; No. 15, L5, 17s. 6d.; No. 16, L5, 10s.; and No. 18 (with which was bound up "Sarcerius de Scholasticae Theologiae Vanitate"), L6. In the 'Athenae Cantabrigienses,' the following six items, which are not in the above list, are mentioned: "Disputatio de Justitia Dei et Justitia hominis coram Deo. Leipsic, 1553." "De utriusque naturae officiis in Christo." "De distincta Christi hypostasi." "Preface to Gardiner upon obedience. Translated from English to Latin." "De Balaei Vocatione. Translated from English." "Ordinationes Anglorum Ecclesiae per Bucerum. Translated from English to Latin." In connection with the last, see 'Liturgical Services of Queen Elizabeth,' Parker Society, p. xxv, n. 3.]
[ADDENDA.
Page 20. Patrick Hamilton's admission to the Faculty of Arts in St Andrews University.—The entry in the 'Acta Facultatis Artium' runs thus: "Congregatione artium facultatis, in Nouis Scolis eiusdem tenta tercio die mensis Octobris, anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo vigesimo quarto, Magister Johannes Ba[l]four regentium senior Collegij Sancti Saluatoris in quodlibetarium est electus; et Magister Patricius Hamiltone, abbas de Ferne, Rossensis diocesis, in facultatem est receptus."
Page 117. Two sacraments only.—In the Preface to the Book of Common Order it is said that "for the ministration of the two sacraments, our Booke giveth sufficient proofe" (Dunlop's Confessions, ii. 395; Laing's Knox, iv. 164). In the Confession used in the English congregation at Geneva only two are referred to (Dunlop's Confessions, ii. 9; Laing's Knox, iv. 172); in "the Maner to Examine Children" their number is said to be two (Laing's Knox, vi. 344); and in Calvin's Catechism, printed with the Book of Common Order, it is emphatically declared that there are two only (Dunlop's Confessions, ii. 233).
Page 121. The language of Rev. xiv. 11.—In the text of the Confession the passage runs thus: "For sik as now delyte in vanity, cruelty, filthynes, superstition or idolatry, sal be adjudged to the fire unquencheable: in quhilk they sall be tormented for ever, asweill in their awin bodyes, as in their saules, quhilk now they give to serve the devill in all abhomination" (Dunlop's Confessions, ii. 96, 97). As printed in Laing's Knox (ii. 120) the word "inextinguishable," and in the Acts of Parliament (ii. 534; iii. 22) the word "unstancheabill," is used instead of "unquencheable." In Dunlop, however, there is in addition, at the bottom of the page, in smaller type: "Rev. 14. 10. The same shall drynke the wyne of the wrath of God, which is poured in the cuppe of hys wrath. And he shall be punyshed in fyre and brymstone before the holy angells, and before the Lambe. And the smooke of theyr torment ascendeth up evermore, and they have no rest daye nor nyght, whyche worshyppe the beast and hys ymage."
Page 153. Readers or exhorters.—The name exhorter does not occur in the First Book of Discipline; but that "sort of readers" therein mentioned as having "some gift of exhortation" (Dunlop's Confessions, ii. 537; Laing's Knox, ii. 200) soon came to be known as exhorters, and are so named in various Acts of Assembly; see, for example, the Act of 1564 quoted on p. 128. They are distinguished from readers in the 'Register of Ministers, Exhorters, and Readers,' printed for the Maitland Club; but, as David Laing has pointed out, the title of exhorter as indicating an advanced class seems to have been soon and silently dropped. "On comparing the list of the persons so styled in 1567 with that of 1574, we find some of them had become ministers, but the greater number are entered simply as readers" (Wodrow Miscellany, p. 323).
Page 233. Conference between the two parties.—Besides the three conferences mentioned in the footnote, there was another held in the early summer of 1578. The results, as recorded in the Booke of the Universall Kirk (ii. 414, 415) and in Calderwood's History (iii. 412, 413), embrace nothing about the kirk-session, beyond the perpetuity of the persons of the elders.
Page 259. Alesius at Wittenberg.—Through the influence of Luther and Melanchthon, the Elector of Saxony had conferred on Alesius the prebend of Aldenburgh. Being in greats straits for money, and having been disappointed of help otherwise, he was constrained to write from Wittenberg, on the 12th of December 1533, to Spalatinus, requesting him to obtain payment of the moiety of the prebend (Corpus Reformatorum, ii. 690, 691).
Page 261. The disputatious Cochlaeus.—On the suggestion of Melanchthon, an attack in verse was made on Cochlaeus for his injustice to Alesius; but the timorous author so dreaded Cochlaeus that, instead of writing in his own name, he personated Alesius (Corpus Reformatorum, iv. 1025, 1026).
Page 265. Erasmus and Cochlaeus.—Summaries of the letters which James V. wrote, on the 1st of July 1534, to Erasmus, to Cochlaeus, and to the King of the Romans, are in the Letters and State Papers of Henry VIII., vol. vii. p. 358.
Page 267. Alesius as a physician.—"I determined with my self to serve the tyme and to change the preaching of the crosse with the scyence of physic wherin I had a litle sight before, and thus I went unto a very well-lerned phisycian called Doctor Nicolas, which hath practised phisyk in London thes many yeares with high prayse, whose company I dyd use certen yeares, wherby I did both see and lern many things, even the principal poyntes concerning that science. In so moch that at length certen of my frindes did move me to take in hand to practise, which thing I did I trust not unluckyly" (Of the Auctorite of the Word of God agaynst the Bisshop of London).
Page 268. Latimer and Cranmer.—For the opinion of Alesius on Latimer and Cranmer, see Dr Mitchell's Westminster Assembly, 1883, p. 14 n., and p. 23 n.
Page 268 n. Ales or Alesius.—Christopher Anderson may be excused for supposing that Ales was the real name of Alesius; but less can be said for those editors of State Papers and compilers of important Library Catalogues who have helped to perpetuate the error long after it was pointed out by Principal Lorimer in his Patrick Hamilton.
Page 269. John M'Alpine and John Fyffe.—From a correction which Dr Mitchell has made in his own copy of the 'Gude and Godlie Ballatis,' 1897, p. cv, it seems that he had come to the conclusion that it was M'Alpine and Macdowal, not Fyffe, who were protected by Bishop Shaxton. Cf. Lorimer's Patrick Hamilton, pp. 186, 187.]
CORRIGENDA.
[Transcriber's Note: These corrigenda have been applied to this version of the text.]
P. 119, line 4 from bottom. After contained insert in.
P. 240, line 14. For oedibus read aedibus.
INDEX.
Acton, Lord, quotation from 'Lecture on the Study of History' by, 2 fn.
Acts of Parliament referred to, 15, 23, 50, 51, 53, 226, 233, 264.
Adamson, Archbishop, 102, 195, 199.
A Kempis, 3.
Alane, Alexander, 36, 239, 242 —not Ales, 268 fn., 309 —see Alesius.
Alasco, John, reference to 'Summa Doctrina' by, 109, 117 —his congregation at London, 126 —on the office of bishop, 154 —'Modus ac Ritus Excommunicationis' and 'Forma ac Ratio Public Penitentiae' by, 165.
Ales, John, 299.
Alesius, 10, 11 fn., 17, 22, 32, 33 fn., 36 et seq., 51, 75, 80, 239 et seq. —his treatise against the decree of the Scottish Bishops, 37, 259 —a miraculous escape, 240 —at College, 242 —discussions with Patrick Hamilton, 243 —his account of Patrick Hepburn, 245 —assaulted and imprisoned, 247 —his escape, 251 —at Malmoe, 255 —at Cologne, 256 —befriended by Melanchthon at Wittenberg, 259, 308 —his controversy with Cochlaeus, 260 et seq. —the intervention of Erasmus, 264 —at Cambridge, 266 —at London, 267 —his dispute with Stokesley, ib., 268 —marries Catherine de Mayne, 268 —returns to the Continent, 269 —appointed Professor of Divinity in Frankfort University, 270 —Professor in Leipsic University, 271 —the Perth Martyrs, 273 —he pleads for National Union, 275 —his public and private life, 279 —his family, 280 —his death, 281 —his theological opinions, 295 et seq. —his dream concerning Anne Boleyn, 297 —his departure from England, 298 —a letter to Melanchthon, 300 —his works 301 et seq. —prebend of Aldenburgh conferred on him, 309 —one writes in his name, ib. —he practises as a physician, ib. —his name not Ales, ib.
Allen, Edmund, 268 fn.
Anderson, Rev. Christopher, reference to 'Annals of the English Bible' by, 239, 260 fns., 268 fn., 283 fn.
Anderson, William, 53.
Anselm, 3, 17.
Arbuckill, Friar, 121 fn.
Archebald, Sir James, vicar of Lintrathin, 128 fn., 183 fn.
Argyll, the Duke of, 215.
Arminianism, discussion on, 119.
Arran, Earl of, 50 et seq., 273.
Arth, William, 35 fn.
Assembly, General, 160-162.
Augustine, 3, 119 fn.
Baillie, Principal, 138 fn.
Bain's Calendar quoted, 86 fn.
Balnaves on Justification quoted, 113 fn.
Bannatyne's Memoriales, 187 fn., 189, 192 fn., 194 fn., 198 fn., 205 fn. et seq.
Bayle, 80, 204.
Benedict XIII., 16.
Betoun, Archbishop James, 22, 24 et seq., 30 fn., 34, 42, 74, 245, 246, 262, 286, 287.
Betoun, Cardinal, 11 fn., 36, 42 et seq., 54 et seq., 57, 60, 68-74, 81, 245, 264, 273, 274, 287 —his seven children, 292.
Beza, 36, 281, 282.
Boleyn, Anne, 267 fn., 297.
'Booke of the Universall Kirk' referred to, 13 fn., 117 fn., 118 fn., 128 fn., 198 fn., 218 fn., 227 fn., 233 fn.
Borthwick, Sir John, 38 fn.
Bothwell, Earl of, 72.
Bradwardine, 17.
Brown, Mr Hume, references to 'John Knox' by, 11 fn., 55 fn., 124 fn.
Bucer, 270.
Buchanan, George, 17, 22, 40, 49, 73.
Burton's 'History' referred to, 215, 219.
Caithness, Bishop of, 198.
Calderwood, 137, 142—his 'Altare Damascenum' referred to, 137 et seq. —'History' referred to, 33 fn., et passim.
Calumnies, Popish, 202 et seq.
Calvin, 17, 80, 88, 90, 105 fn., 106 fn., 107, 112, 115, 116, 124, 125, 147, 163, 164 fn., 168, 170, 187, 204, 215, 216, 270.
Cambridge, 58, 266, 298.
Campbell, Friar, 29, 32.
Campbell of Cessnock, 16.
Catechism, Hamilton's, 8 fn., 287 —Calvin's, 103, 112 —Heidelberg, 103 —Melanchthon's, 271.
Cattley's 'Foxe' referred to, 33 fn., 39 fn., 59 fn., 70 fn., 74 fn., 268 fn.
Charters, Andrew, 41.
Church, the medieval, corruption and decay of, 7 et seq. —the reforming priests of, 12 et seq.
Cistercian Nuns, or White Ladies, at Frankfort, 125, 294.
Cochlaeus, 260 et seq., 295, 309.
Cocklaw, Thomas, 41.
Colace, William, 192.
Cole, Thos., 125 fn.
Common Order, Book of, its origin, 123 et seq. —its authority, 127 —early practice in Scotland, 128 et seq. —Knox and the English liturgy, 130 et seq. —a guide or model only, 132 et seq. —testimony of Calderwood, Baillie, Row, and Henderson, 137 et seq. —practice in other Reformed churches, 141 —its evidence on Church government, 145, 147 et seq. —on discipline, 163 et seq. —on Church members, 170.
Conaeus, 11 fn.
Confession, First Helvetic, 58, 77 —Later Helvetic, 103, 113, 147 —Westminster, 107, 110, 118, 122, 234 —of English congregation at Geneva, 107, 120 —of 1616, 117 fn., 118.
Confession of 1560, the Scottish, its preparation, 99 et seq. —alleged omission of a chapter, 101 —its character, 102 et seq. —the supreme authority of the Scriptures, 103 —the fall and the remedy, ib., 105 —the eternal decree, 107 —influence of John Alasco, 109, 117 —the effectual call, 110 —justification, 111 et seq. —notes of the True Church, 114 et seq. —the sacraments, 116 et seq. —compared with later confessions, 118 et seq., 122 —its unmeasured language, 120 et seq.
Constable's 'Major' referred to, 18 fn.
Cook, Dr George, of St Andrews, 231.
Cook, Dr, of Haddington, 231.
Cook, Procurator, 232.
Cook's 'History of the Reformation' referred to, 61 fn.
Coverdale, Miles, 150.
Craig, John, 187.
Cranmer, Archbishop, 58, 254, 266, 268, 282, 297, 298, 299, 309.
Craw or Crawar, Paul, 15.
Croc, Le, 201.
Crumwell, 37 fn., 266-268, 298-300.
Cunningham, Principal, 231 —his 'Church History of Scotland' quoted, 214.
D'Ailley, 18.
Dalgleish, Nicol, 192.
Dalrymple's 'Lesley' referred to, 28 fn.
'Dalyell's Scottish Poems' quoted, 195 fn.
D'Aubigne's 'Reformation in the Time of Calvin' referred to, 26 fn., 33 fn., 42 et seq., 48 fn., 80 fn., 239, 241 fn., 243 fn., 250.
Davidson, John, 188, 192, 197.
Declaration, the Large (or King's), 142, 143.
Discipline, the First Book of, its preparation, 99, 144 —the government of the Church, 145 et seq. —the discipline of the Church, 162 et seq. —discipline under Prelacy, 167 —the prerogatives and duties of Church members, 169 et seq. —education of the young and university reform, 174 et seq. —care of the poor, 179 et seq.
Discipline, the Second Book of, compared with the First Book, 214 et seq. —the authority of the king, 217 —the limits of ecclesiastical authority, 219 et seq. —influence of the Second Book not unmixed, 225 —its authority, 226 —its theory of the Church, 227 —institution of the presbytery, 229 et seq. —the Westminster doctrine of the Church, 234 et seq. —the ideal presbytery, 237.
'Diurnal of Occurrents' referred to, 38 fn., 39 fn.
Dore's 'Old Bibles' quoted, 91 fn.
Douglas, John, 99, 144, 193 —is made Archbishop, 198 —his parentage, 199 fn. —Principal of St Mary's College, 287, 288.
Dunbar, Archbishop of Glasgow, 262, 264.
Dundee, 41, 54, 60, 62-65, 71, 75, 76, 94, 158 fn.
Dundrennan, Thomas, Abbot of, 16 fn.
Dunlop's 'Collection of Confessions' referred to, 102 fn. et passim.
Durie, Mr John, 194, 206.
Ebrard, 14.
Edinburgh, 38, 41, 89, 93, 158 fn., 187, 190, 200, 239-241.
Education, 9, 174 et seq.
Edward VI., 87, 88, 130, 131.
Erasmus, 21, 24, 264, 309.
Erskine of Dun, 40, 56 et seq., 78, 94.
Ethie House, 57, 293.
Eugenius the Fourth, Pope, 17.
Exactions of pre-Reformation Church, 9, 179 et seq.
Exercise, or Prophesying, 153, 159, 170 et seq., 229.
Exhorters, 152, 153, 308.
Fachsius, Ludovicus, 271.
Farel, 125.
Felix the Fifth, 17 fn.
Ferne, 20, 307.
Fisher, Bishop, 243.
Forbes, Bishop, 10.
Fordun, 16.
Forman, Archbishop, 43 fn.
Forrest, Henry, 35.
Forret, Thomas, vicar of Dollar, 41.
Foster, John, 263 fn.
Foxe's 'Acts and Monuments,' see Cattley.
Frankfort on the Oder, 40, 88, 109, 124, 126, 149 fn., 150, 269, 270, 272.
'Frankfort, Troubles at,' 124 fn., 125.
Frith, 26.
Fyffe, John, 40, 269, 310.
Gau, Gaw, or Gall, John, 255 —his 'Richt Vay to the Kingdom of Heuine' referred to, 33 fn., 255 fn.
Geneva, 89-91, 125, 149, 158 fn., 288.
Gerson, 18.
Gilby, Ant., 125 fn.
Gillespie, George, 158 fn. —his 'Aaron's Rod Blossoming' quoted, 222 et seq. —'Assertion of the Government' referred to, 229 fn., 232.
Glasgow martyr, 15.
Gordon, Bishop of Galloway, 130.
Gourlay, Norman, burned for marrying, 39.
Grimani, 55.
Grindal, Archbishop, 91, 150 fn., 160.
Grosteste, 17.
Grub's 'History,' 118 fn.
'Gude and Godlie Ballatis' referred to, 67, 74 fn., 76 fn.
Guise, Mary of, 11 fn., 46, 93, 94, 192.
Haag, quotation from 'La France Protestant' by, 168.
Hailes, Lord, 161.
Hamilton, Archibald, 192, 193, 202, 203, 205.
Hamilton, James, 39.
Hamilton, James, Bishop of Argyle, 20.
Hamilton, John, Abbot of Paisley, Archbishop of St Andrews, 18, 51, 82, 146, 188, 287 —his Catechism, 8 fn., 287.
Hamilton, John, apostate, 193.
Hamilton, Patrick, 17, 19 et seq. —birth and early years, 20 —studies abroad, 21 —returns to Scotland and is received into St Andrews University, 22 —preaches the reformed faith, 24 —summoned to appear before Archbishop Betoun, 25 —escapes to the Continent, 26 —his final return to Scotland, 27 —invited to a friendly conference at St Andrews, 28 —seized and condemned, 30 —his martyrdom, 31 et seq. —sources of information, 33 fn. —effect of his death, 34 et seq., 37, 73, 75, 242, 243, 244, 275, 286, 289, 296, 307
'Hamilton Papers' quoted, 52 fn.
Hardwick's 'Reformation' referred to, 267 fn.
Harrison, quotation from article on 'Freeman's Method of History' by, 2 fn.
Hay, Mr L., Bass, 227 fn.
Hay, Principal, 11 fn., 287.
Heidelberg Catechism, 103
Henderson, Alexander, 142, 166 fn., 231 —his 'Government and Order of the Church of Scotland' quoted, 140, 237
Henry VIII., 49, 266 fn., 268, 298.
Hepburn, Bishop, 57.
Hepburn, Prior John, 242, 244, 286.
Hepburn, Prior Patrick, 36, 40, 46, 74, 244-247, 249, 250, 252, 253.
Honorius III., 161.
Hooper, Bishop, 98.
Hunter, James, 53.
Innes, Taylor, reference to 'John Knox' by, 209 fn.
James V., 23, 38, 39, 44, 46 et seq., 192, 247-249, 263 fn., 273.
James VI., 131, 143 fn., 166, 168.
Johnston, John, 281, 288.
Johnston, Rev. T. P., reference to 'Patrick Hamilton' by, 33 fn.
Kennedy, Bishop, 9, 17, 286.
Kennedy, Quintine, Abbot of Crossraguel, 127, 203.
Kincavel, 20.
Kirkcaldy of Grange, 208.
Kirk-session, or lesser eldership, 158, 232, 233, 308.
Knox, 6, 10, 11 fn., 13 fn., 18, 33 fn. —early life and education, 79 —leader of the Reformation, 80 —settles in St Andrews, 82 —called to the ministry, 83 —a galley slave, 85 —obtains release, 86 —his work among the English, ib. et seq. —five years exile, 88 et seq. —a visit to Scotland, 89 —returns to Scotland, 93 —at Dundee, 94 —preaches at St Andrews, 95 et seq. —the reformed worship established throughout Scotland, 97 et seq. —the old Scottish Confession of 1560, 99 et seq. —Knox's Liturgy, 123 et seq. —the First Book of Discipline, 144 et seq. —his last days, 184 et seq. —leaves Edinburgh, 187 —preaching in St Andrews, 188 et seq. —James Melville's impression of Knox, 191 et seq. —returns to Edinburgh, 200 —Popish calumnies, 202 et seq. —his last illness and death, 205 et seq., 216, 278.
Knox's Liturgy, see Common Order, Book of.
Laing, Dr David, 10, 22, 102 fn., 231 —his 'Knox' referred to, 13 fn. et passim —his 'Lindsay's Poetical Works' referred to, 83 fn.
Lamb, Robert, 53.
Lambert, of Avignon, 26, 27 —his 'Commentary on the Apocalypse' referred to, 33 fn.
Lang, Mr Andrew, 71.
Latimer, Bishop, 58, 268, 299, 309.
Laud's Liturgy, 133.
Lawsone, Mr James, 195, 201, 203, 205, 207.
Lay-elders, the term, 229.
Leckprevick, Robert, printer, 194, 195.
Lee, Principal, 113 fn., 231 —quotation from 'Lectures on the History of the Church of Scotland' by, 115, 199 fn.
Lees, Dr Cameron, reference to 'St Giles' by, 201 fn.
Leipsic, 271, 272, 279, 281.
Lemon's 'State Papers' referred to, 37 fn., 44 fns., 69 fn.
Lesley's 'History' referred to, 24 fn., 39 fn., 85 fn., 129 fn., 192 fn. —'De Origine' referred to, 28 fn.
Leslie, Dr, of Fordoun, 60, 61 fn.
Lethington, Laird of, 101, 186.
Lindores, Laurence, Abbot of, 15.
Lindsay, Mr David, 198, 207.
Lindsay, Sir David, 10, 11 fn., 81, 83, 182 —reference to 'Tragedy of the Cardinal' by, 73.
Liturgy of Edward VI., 77, 128, 130, 131, 154 fn.
Lock, Mrs, 13 fn., 130.
Logie, Gavin, 40.
Logie, Robert, 41.
Lollards, persecution in Scotland of, 15 et seq.
Lorimer, Principal, his 'Patrick Hamilton, the first Preacher and Martyr of the Scottish Reformation,' referred to, 26, 33 fn., 310 —'Scottish Reformation' referred to, 41 fn., 69, 75 fn., 81 fn., 239, 244, 274 fn., 275, 276 fn. —'Knox and the Church of England' referred to, 77, 132 fn. —article in 'British and Foreign Evangelical Review' by, referred to, 185.
Luther, 6, 19, 21, 26, 28, 38, 67, 80, 115, 116, 163, 204, 216, 243, 254, 261, 265, 282, 295.
Lyne, John, 41.
M'Alpine, 40, 269, 310.
M'Crie, Dr, 231—'Melville' referred to, 15 fn., 195 fn. —'Life of Knox' referred to, 40 fn., 93 fn., 129 fn., 188 fn., 201, 205 fn., 281 fn.
M'Dowal, 40, 310.
M'Kenzie's 'Lives of Eminent Scotsmen,' 279.
Magdalene, Queen, 192 fn.
'Maitland Miscellany,' 120 fn.
Major, John, 17 et seq., 21, 22, 34, 79, 242, 278, 280, 286, 287.
Malmoe, 255.
Margaret, Queen, 181.
Marsillier, 57.
Mary, Queen, 11 fn., 189.
Massacre of St Bartholomew, 184, 185, 201.
Maxwell's 'Old Dundee prior to the Reformation' referred to, 63 fn., 68 fn., 69 fn. —'History of Old Dundee' referred to, 65 fn.
Mayn, Catherine de, 268.
Melanchthon, 17, 22, 26, 36, 239, 254, 259, 261, 266, 270, 271, 279, 280, 282, 300, 309.
Melville, Andrew, 216 et seq., 281, 288, 289.
Melville, James, 191 et seq., 288.
Montrose, 24, 57, 60, 62, 71, 75, 78.
Morison, Ric., 299 fn.
Morton, Earl of, 198, 199 fn., 207, 212.
Mount, Christopher, 300.
Neander, 170.
Ogilvie, Lord James, 292.
Ogilvie, Marion, 292, 293.
Order of Excommunication, 165, 166.
Osiander, Andrew, 279.
Paget, Lord, 299.
Parker, Archbishop, consecration of, 150 fn.
'Pasqvilli de Concilio Mantuano Iudicium' quoted, 61 fn.
Paul III., 286.
Perth Martyrs, the, 53, 273.
Peterkin, references to 'Records of the Kirk' by, 119 fn., 133 fn., 143 fn. —to 'Booke of the Universal Kirk' by, 218 fn., 227 fn.
Pitscottie, Lindsay of, 73 —his 'History' referred to, 24 fn., 31 fn., 33 fn., 39 fn., 192 fn.
Plague, or pest, 64, 67, 76.
Pole, Cardinal, 45.
Poor, care of, 179, 180.
Poullain, or Pollanus, 126, 127, 136 fns.
Preaching, necessity of, 151.
Presbytery, ideal, 237, 238.
Presbytery, or greater eldership, 159, 229 et seq.
Preston, Dr, 211.
Psalm Book, 120, 128.
'Psalms and Spiritual Songs,' 76.
Ranaldson, James, 53.
Randolph, Thomas, 129.
Readers, 152, 153, 172, 308.
Reformation, the, nature and need of, 1 et seq. —decay of the medieval Church, 7 et seq. —the reforming priests, 12 et seq. —precursors of the Reformation, 14 et seq. —Patrick Hamilton, 19 et seq. —Acts of 1525 and 1527 against reformed opinions, 23 —Tyndale's New Testament brought into Scotland, 24 —the oppressed and the oppressors, 34 et seq. —George Wishart, 56 et seq. —Knox as leader of the Reformation, 79 et seq. —its triumph, 97 —the Confession of 1560, 99 et seq. —the Book of Common Order, 123 et seq. —the First Book of Discipline, 144 et seq. —the last days of Knox, 184 et seq. —the Second Book of Discipline, 214 et seq. —Alesius, 239 et seq.
Regent, the Good, 185, 188, 189
Register of Privy Seal, 199 fn.
'Register of St Andrews Kirk-Session' referred to, 13 fn., 37 fn., 120 fn.
Resby, James, 15.
Richardson, John, 41.
Richardson, Robert, 41.
Robertson, John, 288.
Robertson, Dr Joseph, 10, 11 fn. —'Concilia Scotiae' referred to, 16 fn., 30 fn., 45 fn., 50 fn., 93 fn., 161 fn., 183 fn., 293.
Roger's 'Three Scottish Reformers,' 188 fn.
Rolle, Richard, 14.
Rothes, Earl of, 245.
Rough, John, 83.
Row, John, 99, 144 fn.
Row, John, of Carnock, on liturgies, 138.
Rubric, the black, 87.
Russell, Bishop, 227 fn.
Rutherfurd's 'Divine Right of Church Government' quoted, 220 et seq.
Sacraments, two, only, 116, 117, 307.
Saxony, Elector of, 271 fn.
Scipio, Marcus, 280.
Scott, John, printer, 76.
Scotus, Duns, 17.
Scriptures, reading, in vernacular, 5, 37, 38, 51, 259, 260, 264, 272, 273, 282 —Genevan version, 91, 231.
Scrymgeour, James, 253.
Sharp, Archbishop, 35.
Shaxton, Bishop, 269, 310.
Smeton, Principal, 202, 203, 205, 211.
Spalatinus, 309.
'Spalding Miscellany' referred to, 128 fn., 183 fn.
Spottiswoode, Archbishop, 133 fn. —his 'History' referred to, 10, 31 fn., 33 fn., 34 fn., 64 fn., 68 fn., 73, 146 fn., 218 fn., 227, 231.
Spottiswoode, John, superintendent of Lothian, 99, 144 fn., 198.
St Andrews, reforming priests from Augustinian Priory and College of St Leonard, 13 —University and Colleges of, 15, 19, 20, 22, 95, 96 fn., 239, 242, 285 et seq. —Major at, 18, 19, 22, 242, 286 —Patrick Hamilton at, 19, 20, 22 et seq., 29 et seq., 307 —Alesius at, 36, 242 et seq. —Wishart at, 72, 73 —Knox at, 82 et seq., 95 et seq., 188 et seq.
St Bernard, 3.
St Giles' Church, 133 fn., 201.
Staehelin's 'Johannes Calvin' referred to, 98, 114 fn.
Stanley, Dean, 202
Stevenson's 'Mary Stuart' quoted, 55 fn.
Steward, Walter, 40.
Stewart, Archbishop, 286.
Stirling martyrs, 41.
Stokesley, Bishop of London, 268, 272.
Stonehouse, 20.
Stratoun, David, 39.
Succession, Apostolic, 115.
Superintendents, 152 —wherein they differed from bishops, 155 et seq.
Sybothendorff, Damianus, 271 fn.
Tannadice, 287.
Tauler, 3.
Theiner's 'Vetera Monumenta Hibernorum et Scotorum' referred to, 44 fn., 45 fn., 51 fn., 54 fns.
Thorpe's 'Calendar' referred to, 44 fns.
Tilney, Emery, 58.
Tonstal, Bishop of Durham, 86.
Tour, M. de la, 19.
Tudor, Elizabeth, 92, 93, 131, 150 fn., 156 fn., 159, 300.
Tudor, Mary, 88, 92 fn.
Twopenny Faith, the, 8 fn.
Tyndale's translation of the New Testament introduced into Scotland, 24, 26.
Tyninghame, 287.
Tyrie, the Jesuit, 195, 196, 203.
Tytler, 11 fn.
Walsingham, 205 fn.
Wardlaw, Bishop, 285, 286.
Wedderburn, James, 10, 253 fn.
Wedderburn, John, 10, 18, 22, 66, 76.
Weir, Professor, article on George Wishart in 'North British Review' referred to, 70.
Westminster Confession of Faith. See Confession.
Westminster Directory for Church Government, 166 fn., 236.
Westminster Directory for Worship, 137, 142.
Whitgift, 147.
Whittingham, William, 88, 124 fn.
Wichtand, James, 68 fn.
Wied, Hermann von, Archbishop of Cologne, 145, 254, 256, 282.
Wightone, or Weighton, Sir John, 68 fn.
Williams, Thomas, 80.
Willock, John, 40, 99, 112 fn., 130, 144 fn.
Winkworth, Miss, quotation from 'Christian Singers of Germany' by, 6 et seq.
Winzet, Ninian, his 'Tractates' referred to, 11 fns., 203.
Wishart, George, 36, 41 —early education, 56 —summoned for heresy, 57 —escapes to England, ib. —converted before Cranmer, 58 —returns and enters Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, ib. —a pupil's description of him, 59 —returns to Scotland, ib. —preaches in Montrose and Dundee, 62 et seq. —his labours in Dundee during the plague, 64 et seq. —attempted assassination of, 68 —innocent of the plot to assassinate Betoun, 69 et seq. —proceeds to Edinburgh, 71 —seized at Ormiston, 72 —his martyrdom, 73 —his work, 74 et seq.
Wishart, George, bailie of Dundee, 63, 69.
Witches, prosecution of, 168.
Withof's 'Vertheidigung,' 124 fn., 294.
Wittenberg, 26, 259, 269, 300 fn., 308, 309.
'Wodrow Miscellany' referred to, 58 fn., 69 fn., 78 fn., 93 fn., 308.
Wycliffe, 3, 14, 17, 18, 37, 186, 205.
Wycliffites in Scotland, 15.
Wynram, John, 77, 99, 100, 144, 198, 287.
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