 |
Department of Agriculture, 142, 157.
Department of Commerce and Labor, 122, 302.
Dependent Pension Act, 174.
Dewey, Commodore George, 265; destroys Spanish fleet at Manila, 267.
Diaz, Porfirio, expelled from Mexico, 331.
Dingley, Nelson, 253, 254.
Dingley Bill, the, 254, 255, 303, 304.
Dollar diplomacy, 331.
Donnelly, Ignatius, 209.
Dorsey, Senator Stephen W., in star route frauds, 104, 127.
Du Bois, W.E.B., 202.
Eads, James B., 206.
Eaton, Dorman B., 113.
Edmunds, George F., 99, 128.
Education Board, General, incorporated by Congress, 201.
Educational Board, Southern, organized, 201.
Egan, Patrick, Minister to Chile, 212, 213.
Eight-hour day, 135, 136.
Electoral Commission, the, 84.
Eliot, Charles W., 60.
Elkins, Stephen B., 127, 128.
English, William H., 99.
Equitable Life Insurance Company, investigation of, 312.
Factories, American, growth of, 14, 15, 16; influenced by inventions, 95.
Fairbanks, Charles W., Vice-President with Roosevelt, 305.
Farmers, condition of, in North and South, contrasted, 178; discontent keenest in West, 179; experimental, 180; demand cheaper money, 181; desire cooperation, 182; believe charges against both political parties, 185; value of vote of dissatisfied, 193.
Farmers' Alliance, the, in South and West, 183, 184, 192, 193; undermines Republicans in West, 185; attempts union with Knights of Labor, 186, 187; splits white vote in the South, 192, 193, 196; used to express Southern discontent, 195; holds national convention at St. Louis, 208; merged in People's Party, 209.
Farms, American, size of, 40, 41, 95; increase in number, 149, 150; decrease in size of Southern, 194; number of, 194.
Farragut, Admiral David G., 5.
Fava, Baron, Italian Minister at Washington, 213.
Federal Reserve Act, 339.
Federal Trade Commission, 339.
Field, James G., 211.
Fisk, James, Jr., 60.
Folger, Charles J., 127.
Folk, Joseph W., 311.
Force Bill, the, 200, 201.
Ford, Paul Leicester, The Honorable Peter Stirling, 132.
Ford, Worthington C., 254.
Forestry service, 328.
Free lands, disappearance of, marks new period, 154, 155.
Free passes, on interstate railroads, forbidden by law, 313.
Free silver, demanded by Populists, 209, 210; agitation for, 226, 228; textbook of, 229; fight for, in Republican convention (1896), 234, 235; demanded by Democratic convention, 236.
Freedmen's Bureau, 34, 201; work of, 42, 43, 45.
Frelinghuysen, Frederick T., 106, 109, 134.
Fremont, John C., candidate for the Presidency, 3, 4; arrested in France, 60; charged with land frauds, 60, 61.
"Frenzied finance," 310.
Frick, Henry C., 299.
"Full dinner pail, the," 280.
Gage, Lyman J., 253.
Garfield, James A., nominated for Presidency (1880), 99; forged letters against, 101, 104, 105, 122; sketch of, 101; his Cabinet, 102; trouble with Conkling, 103; death of, 105, 108; and the Panama Canal, 144.
Garland, Augustus H., 133.
George, Henry, 188.
Georgia, difficulties with Congress, 47, 48.
Gilman, Daniel Coit, 60.
Gladden, Washington, 310.
Gladstone, William E., 189.
Godkin, Edwin L., editor of the Nation, 59, 67, 85; and civil service reform, 112.
Goethals, Major George W., engineer of Canal Zone, 317.
Gold, at a premium, 27; hoarded, 218; great increase in production of, 241.
Gold dollar, ratio to silver, 9; value in greenbacks, 10, 29.
Gorgas, Col. William C., chief sanitary officer of Canal Zone, 317.
Gould, Jay, 60, 294.
Grand Army of the Republic, used for procuring pensions, 136, 137.
Grandfather clause, the, 200.
Granger Laws, the, 68, 70, 157; constitutionality of, 71, 72.
Granger movement, the, 67, 68, 183; relations with the panic of 1873, 72; doctrine established by, 157.
Grant, Ulysses S., the coveted candidate of both parties, 36; general rejoicing in his election, 37; inaugurated in 1869, 46; his first term ends unsatisfactorily, 55; success with the Alabama claims, 55, 56; renominated, 57; various unsavory episodes of his years as President, 60, 62; vetoes the Inflation Bill, 66; reelection of (1872), 75; receives scanty support for a third term, 81, 98, 99; and civil service reform, 112.
Greeley, Horace, nominated for President by Liberal Republicans, 56; a quaint political figure, 57; quoted, 89.
Greenback movement, the, advocates of, 30, 65, 66; Eastern opinion of, contrasted with Western, 68; and silver inflation, 88, 180, 181.
Greenbacks, 9; value of, 10; depreciation of, 27; withdrawal of, 28; further retirement of, forbidden by law, 30; rising in value, 65; issued during panic of 1873, 66.
Guam, ceded to United States, 273.
Guiteau, William B., 105.
Hadley, Pres. Arthur T., 310.
Hague, the, court of arbitration at, 283; Venezuelan claims referred to, 284; second conference, 318.
Hancock, Gen. Winfield Scott, 80, 99, 100, 101.
Hanna, Marcus Alonzo, raises funds for Republicans, 102, 233, 238, 239; appointed Senator, 252; helps settle coal strike, 300, 302; grows in popularity, 302, 303; death, 304.
Harmon, Gov. Judson, 336.
Harriman, Edward H., 294, 295.
Harrison, Benjamin, nominated for Presidency, 169; elected as a minority President, 171, 211; friction with Chile, 212, 213; renominated, 214; defeated, 215, 216.
Hawaiian Islands, 273, 274, 278.
Hay, John, on McKinley, 251; Secretary of State, 273, 282; career of, 281.
Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, for Isthmian canal, 286, 287.
Hayes, Rutherford B., receives nomination for President, 82; difficulties of his election, 83, 84; alienates many Republicans by his attitude toward the South, 85; his troubles with Democratic congress, 87; removes Chester A. Arthur from office, 87, 98, 103; financial policy of his administration, 89, 90; a new period of growth begun during his term of office, 90, 92; end of his term, 97, 102; and the Panama Canal, 144; becomes head of Slater fund, 201.
Hearst, William R., 305, 312.
Hendricks, Thomas A., candidate for Vice-President, 80, 81, 131.
Hepburn Railway Bill, the, 315.
Hill, Gov. David B., 214, 215, 248.
Hill, James J., 295, 296.
Hobart, Garrett P., Vice-President with McKinley, 234; dies in office, 280.
Homestead Act, the, 21, 155.
Hopkins, Johns, 60.
Howells, William Dean, 188.
Huerta, Victoriano, President of Mexico, 340.
Hughes, Charles E., exposes wrongdoing of insurance companies, 312; mentioned for Presidency, 324.
Hull House, 251.
Humphreys, Benjamin G., 46.
Husbandry, Patrons of, 193.
Idaho, becomes a Territory, 21; admitted to the Union, 152.
Immigration movement, the, influences of, 123, 124.
Income tax, 221, 327, 338.
Indians, removal of, 22, 25; outbreaks of, 25, 86; Dawes Bill, 142, 151, 319.
Industrial Commission, 298.
Industrial consolidation, evolves new type of trust, 297, 299.
Industrial revival, after 1897, 293, 294.
Industrial revolution, effects of, 95.
Inflation Bill, the, 66.
Ingersoll, Robert G., quoted, 92.
Initiative and referendum, 249, 250.
Interstate Commerce Act, the, 142, 158, 159; commission created, 159, 160; influence of rebate system on, 165; had little immediate effect, 180; an imperfect statute, 314; strengthened by Congress, 315, 330.
Irons, Martin, 135.
Irrigation, 142, 291.
Italians, lynched in New Orleans, 213.
Jackson, Andrew, 8, 111.
James, Thomas L., 102, 103, 104.
Japan, at war with Russia, 317.
Johnson, Andrew, candidate for the Vice-Presidency, 4; becomes President upon death of Lincoln, 32; opposition of Congress to, 33, 34; impeached by House, 35; acquitted, 36; vetoes arbitrary acts of Congress, 48.
Johnson, Gov. Hiram, 337.
Johnson, Reverdy, 55.
Journalism, expansion of, 162; reorganized in the later nineties, 311.
Kansas City, important as meeting place of railways, 150, 151.
Kearney, Dennis, 94, 124.
Keifer, J. Warren, 108.
Kelly, John, 131.
Kerr, Michael C., 108.
Kipling, Rudyard, The White Man's Burden, 274.
Knickerbocker Trust Company, suspension of, 322.
Knights of Labor, secret society in the East, 94; meet with disfavor, 121; demands of, 122; fight the Gould railways, 135; success of, 183; union with Farmers' Alliance, 186, 187; in Pullman strike, 222.
Knox, Philander C., 296, 320, 331.
Ku-Klux Klan, the, 52.
Labor, tariff supposed to protect, 119; Commissioner of, 122; Bureau of, 135; danger from European pauper, 139; becomes better united, 299. See also Knights of Labor, Strikes.
La Follette, Robert M., defeated for Congress, 185; works out a system of primaries, 249; in the Senate debate on railroads, 315; leader of Insurgent Republicans, 329; possible Presidential candidate, 330, 335, 336.
Lamar, L.Q.C., 133.
Land grants, to railroads, 22, 24, 148, 156; discontinued, 143.
Land laws, difficulty in enforcing, 155, 156.
Lawson. Thomas W., 310.
Lawton, Gen. Henry W., 271.
Liberal Republicans, secede in 1872 and nominate Greeley and Brown, 56; platform of, 56, 57; in Garfield's administration, 102; favor civil service reform and tariff revision, 112, 116, 126; put Edmunds forward for Presidential candidate (1884), 128.
Lincoln, Abraham, his view in regard to the spoils system, 2; aims to develop a Union sentiment, 2, 3; aided by excesses of Democrats, 4, 5; his use of offices, 111, 112.
Literature in United States, 187, 188; periodical, 189, 190; religious, 190.
Lloyd, Henry D., 116, 166, 167.
Lodge, Henry Cabot, as an independent, 128; supports Blaine, 130; approves the Force Bill, 200, 201.
Logan, John A., 128.
Lorimer, William, 330.
Lowell, James Russell, quoted, 54, 59; on Cleveland, 134.
McClellan, Gen. George B., 3, 5.
McClure, S.S., 311.
McCulloch, Hugh, 28, 29.
McEnery, Samuel D., 254.
McKinley, William, his Tariff Bill, 172, 173, 174, 175; accepts principle of reciprocity, 175; defeated for Congress, 185; Governor of Ohio, 214; "advance agent of prosperity," 232, 241; a tactful Congressman, 233; nominated for President (1896), 234; makes no personal campaign, 239; elected, 240; his election a victory for sound money, 241; calls special session of Congress for new tariff, 242; inaugurated as President, 251; his theory of the office, 252; action in the Cuban matter, 262, 264; reelected President, 280; murdered, 282.
McKinley Bill, the, 173, 174, 215, 216; sugar clause a notable feature of, 175; opposition to, 184.
MacVeagh, Wayne, 102.
Machinery, influence of, 15, 16, 95.
Mahone, William, 109.
Maine, the, blown up in Havana harbor, 264.
Marshall, Thomas R., nominated by Democrats for Vice-Presidency, 337.
Merritt, Gen. Wesley, 267.
Mexico, revolutions in, 331, 340.
Miles, Gen. Nelson A., on the results of drought, 182; commander of army in Spanish War, 269; invades Porto Rico, 272.
Mills, Roger Q., tariff leader, 139.
Mills Bill, the, 139, 140, 169, 170.
Mining camps, rapid development of, 20, 21, 22.
Mississippi, the process of reconstruction in, 46, 47; disqualifies negroes, 198, 199.
Mississippi River Commission, 206.
Mitchell, John, 300.
"Molly Maguires," 94, 121.
Monroe Doctrine, in Venezuela case, 230, 231, 284.
Montana, created a Territory, 21; becomes a State, 152.
Morgan, J. Pierpont, 295, 321.
Mormons, 20; make a prosperous Territory in Utah, 154.
Morton, Levi P., Vice-President with Harrison, 169.
Morton, Oliver P., war Governor of Indiana, 81.
Muck-raking, 315, 316.
Mugwumps, 129, 130.
Mulligan letters, the, 82.
Murchison letter, the, 170, 171.
Nast, Thomas, cartoonist, 50, 57, 86, 132.
National Labor Union, 208.
National Planters' Association, 203.
Navy, of the United States, at outbreak of Spanish War, 265; sent round the world without mishap, 319.
Negro, the, would not work at close of war, 40; a social and economic problem, 41, 42; made a voter by Congress, 43, 45, 48; elimination of control by, 51, 52, 54; a factor in Republican national convention, 98, 99; becomes a farm owner, 194; suppressed outside the law, 196; bad qualities of, 198; practically disfranchised in South, 199, 200; advances in literacy, 202; distribution of, 202, 203; Roosevelt's attitude toward, 289, 290.
Newlands Reclamation Act, 291.
New Mexico, 152, 154; becomes a State, 330.
New South, the, has but one political party of consequence, 192; dissatisfied farmer vote in, 193; disintegration of plantations, 194; oppressed by its agricultural system, 195; practically disfranchises negroes, 196-200; education in, 201, 202; border traits of, 202; a modern industrial community, 203; development of cities, 205.
Nez Perces, outbreak of, 86.
Nicaragua Canal, 134, 286.
North, S.N.D., and the Dingley Bill, 254.
North Dakota, admitted to Union, 152.
Northern Pacific Railroad, 143, 295; and panic of 1873, 63, 65; finished under direction of Henry Villard, 144.
Northern Securities Company, 296, 299.
Oklahoma, Indians colonized in, 151; opened to white settlers, 151; becomes a State, 319.
Olney, Richard, 230, 231.
Oregon, the, spectacular voyage of, 274, 286.
Overproduction, menace of, 96.
Palmer, John M., 238.
Panama, Republic of, 288.
Panama Canal, begun by De Lesseps, 144, 286; determined on by Congress and President Roosevelt, 287, 288; Panama grants concession, 289; first boats pass through, 289; dispute over sea-level and lock systems, 316-17.
Pan-American Conference at Rio de Janeiro, 318.
Pan-American Congress, 106, 109.
Panic of 1857, the, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12.
Panic of 1873, the, 62-74; Jay Cooke's connection with, 62-65; real causes of, 64, 65; reduces revenues, 115; often attributed to low rates of Wilson Bill, 254.
Parker, Judge Alton B., Democratic candidate for President (1904), 305; defeated, 306.
Payne, Sereno E., 326.
Peabody, George, creates fund to relieve negro illiteracy, 201.
Pendleton, George H., 30, 31.
Penrose, Boies, 253, 342.
Pension Bureau, 137; important through alliance with the soldiers, 172.
Pensions, influence of soldier vote on, 136; for service only, 137; amounts spent on, 137, 138; system criticized by Southern farmers, 178; used millions of the national surplus, 216.
People's Party. 184; to right all wrongs of the plain people, 186, 187; becomes a finished organization, 208, 209; demands of, 210.
Petroleum trust, 164, 165.
Philippine Islands, ceded to United States, 273; revolt in, under Aguinaldo, 278.
Pierpont, Francis A., 47.
Pike, James S., author of The Prostrate State, 51.
Pinchot, Gifford, 328.
Pious Fund dispute, the, 283.
Platt, Thomas C., resigns from Senate, 103; claims promise of Secretaryship under Harrison, 172; offended by Harrison, 213; Senator from New York, 253; opposes nomination of Roosevelt for governor, 277; aids Roosevelt boom for Vice-Presidency, 280.
Polygamy, in Utah, 154.
Populism, origin of, 208.
Populists, demands of, 210; carry four States in Presidential election (1892), 216; caricatures of, 223; fuse with Democrats, 237, 238; favor direct legislation, 249, 250.
Porto Rico, invaded by United States troops, 272; ceded to United States, 273; Territorial government provided, 278.
Post-office, the, corruption in, 103, 104, 105, 113, 114.
Potter, Bishop Henry C., 246.
Powderly, Terence V., 121, 122, 135.
Practical politics, 110.
Preemption Law, the, 21, 155, 156.
Presidential Succession Act, 105.
Primaries, direct, 249, 335.
Progressive Republicans, revolt, 329; organize a League, 330; principles of, 333; oppose renomination of Taft, 334; urge Roosevelt to run, 335; organize Progressive Party, 336; nominate Roosevelt and Johnson, 337; popular vote of, 338; influence negligible in 1914, 342.
Protection, in Republican platform (1888), 170, 171; earnestly discussed by both parties, 170; enlarged by McKinley Bill, 174, 176; of unborn industries, 175; strongest in East, 177; rampant spirit for, in 1897, 254.
Pure food movement, 313, 314, 328.
Quay, Matthew S., chairman of Harrison campaign committee, 170, 171, 174; offended by Harrison, 213; completes partnership of manufacturers and voters, 232; selects Penrose for Senator, 253.
Railroads, development of, 10, 12, 68, 69, 92, 93; importance of, 16, 69; land grants to, 22, 24, 148; continental, 22, 25, 26, 143, 144, 145; hostility of the Grange, 68, 70; rate laws, 71, 72; agree upon standard time, 148; encourage immigration and colonization, 148, 149; regarded as quasi-public, 157, 159; national control of, 158; bargaining in rates, 165; and the Sherman Anti-Trust Law, 173; promote new settlements, 179; in the South after the Civil War, 204; controlled by a few men, 294.
Rainfall, importance of, 150, 179, 180, 182, 186.
Randall, Samuel J., 108, 138.
Rebates, railroad, forbidden by Elkins Law, 296.
Reciprocity, favorite scheme of Blaine, 175.
Reclamation of arid lands of the Southwest, 290, 291, 320.
Reconstruction, an inappropriate name for what took place, 39; no constitutional theory adequate to meet problems of, 44; must be judged by results, 44, 45; completion of, in formal sense, 46; not far advanced by 1870, 49; dominant type of leaders, 78; political superseded by constitutional, 85.
Reconstruction Acts of 1867, the, 43, 45, 47.
Reconstruction Governments, evils of, 50, 51, 61.
Reed, Thomas B., 172, 229, 240.
Referendum and initiative, 249, 250, 333, 334.
Regan, John H., 193.
Reid, Whitelaw, 56, 130.
Republican party, the, during the Civil War, 1, 2; called itself Union, 4, 32; paid for its disguise, 32; in the South after 1876, 54; new men in control, 78, 79; regains control of the House (1880), 108; but loses it again (1882), 117; dissensions in, 128; defeated in 1884, 133; elects President and majority in both houses in 1888, 171; suffers a landslide (1890), 185, 186; regains control of Senate and House, (1894), 229; platform in 1896, 234; dominates every branch of National Government for fourteen years, 244; the party of organized business, 252; approves the Spanish War, 279; elects Taft President (1908), 324, 325; revises tariff, 326, 327; dissatisfaction in, 327, 328; loses the House (1910), 329; renominates Taft (1912), 336.
Revels, Hiram R., negro Senator from Mississippi, 47.
River and Harbor Bill, 117.
Rockefeller, John D., gains chief control of petroleum traffic, 165, 166; aids cause of education in South, 201; methods of, 310, 321.
Roosevelt, Theodore, 128; steps out of Blaine campaign, 130; Assistant Secretary of the Navy, 265, 277; raises a regiment for Spanish War, 266; in Cuba, 270; early public career of, 276; Governor of New York, 277; a reformer of a new type, 277; Vice-President with McKinley, 280; succeeds to Presidency, 282; and the Hague Court, 283, 284; activity in securing Panama Canal, 286, 288; questionable course toward Colombia, 286, 288; attitude toward negroes, 289, 290; widely popular, 291; disliked by professional politicians, 291; dissolves Northern Securities Company, 296, 299; settles coal strike, 300; alienates party leaders, 302; wants nomination on his own account, 303; tries to modify Dingley Tariff, 304; nominated for President, 305; and elected, 306; declares he will not accept another nomination, 307; goes outside of United States territory, 316-17; receives the Nobel prize, 317; promotes second Hague Conference, 318; sends navy round the world, 319; holds conference of state governors at White House, 320; called "Theodore the Meddler," 322; his policies those of the people, 323; secures nomination of Taft for Presidency, 324, 325; goes to Africa, 329; formulates New Nationalism, 333; defeated in Republican convention, 336; nominated by Progressives, 337.
Root, Elihu, becomes Secretary of War, 274, 281; Secretary of State, 318; mentioned for Presidency, 324; presides over Chicago convention, 336.
Rough Riders, the, 266, 270, 277.
"Rum, Romanism, and rebellion," 133.
Rusk, Jeremiah M., 136, 157.
Russia, at war with Japan, 317.
Sackville-West, Sir Lionel, 170.
Salary grab, in Congress, 62.
Salisbury, Lord, in Venezuela case, 230, 231.
Sampson, Capt. William T., in blockade of Cuba, 265, 268, 269, 270, 272.
Schenck, Robert C., 55, 61.
Schley, Commodore Winfield Scott, in blockade of Cuba, 265, 268, 269, 272.
Schurz, Carl, leader of the Liberal Republicans, 56; introduces merit system, 86; reorganizes the Indian service, 86, 87; supports civil service reform, 112, 113; an anti-imperialist, 278.
Seal fisheries, 212.
Sewall, Arthur, 237.
Seymour, Horatio, 4; nominated for Presidency, 31; loyalty above question, 79.
Shafter, Gen. William R., 269, 270.
Sherman, James S., nominated for Vice-Presidency, 325, 336.
Sherman, John, Senator from Ohio, 66; Secretary of the Treasury, 89; proposed for the Presidency, 98, 99, 128; Secretary of State, 253.
Sherman, Gen. William T., 5.
Sherman Anti-Trust Law, the, enacted, 172, 173, 293; enforced under Roosevelt, 320, 321.
Sherman Silver Purchase Bill, 174, 218, 219, 220.
Silver, fall in value of, 88, 228; free coinage demanded, 181, 182; mines, output of, 181; coinage of, 217; demonetization of, called a crime, 225.
Sinclair, Upton, 311.
Slater, John F., creates fund for education of negro, 201.
Social Democratic party, 301.
Socialist Labor party, 301, 338.
South, the, before the war, 11, 12; price of its attempt at independence, 39; stubbornness of, 40; decrease in size of farms, 40, 41; government of, by army, 42; divided into five military districts, 43; new constitutions of its States, 46; readmission to Union, 47, 49; repudiation of debts, 51; normal politics Democratic, 52, 54, 79. See also New South.
South Dakota, admitted to Union, 152; first State to adopt initiative and referendum, 250.
Southern Pacific Railroad, 145, 148; passes into control of Union Pacific, 294, 295; merger dissolved, 330.
Spain, sends Gen. Weyler to Cuba, 260; embittered against United States by filibustering parties, 261; changes of Ministry in, 262; declines mediation, but recalls Gen. Weyler, 263; establishes a sort of autonomy for Cuba, 263; war with United States begun, 264; loses fleet at Manila, 267; and another at Santiago, 272; army at Santiago surrenders, 272; loses Cuba, Porto Rico, the Philippine Islands, and Guam, 273.
Squatters, 21, 155.
Stalwarts, the, support Conkling against Garfield, 103; claimed as friends by Guiteau, 105; relations with Arthur, 109, 126.
Standard Oil Company, the, 166, 167; suit against, brought by Ohio, 168; history of, 310; charges of extorting rebates, 311, 312; dissolved, 330, 331.
Standard time, adopted by American railroads, 148.
Stanford, Leland, 25.
Stanton, Edwin M., 3, 35.
Star route frauds, 103, 104, 105, 113.
Steel industry, the, 16, 297, 298.
Steffens, Lincoln, 310.
Stevens, Thaddeus, 30, 34.
Stevenson, Adlai E., Vice-President with Cleveland, 215; nominated with Bryan, 279.
Strathcona, Lord, interested in Canadian railways, 148.
Strikes, 121; Pullman, 222; at Cripple Creek, 222, 301; at Homestead, 299; in Pennsylvania coal fields, 299, 300.
Sumner, Charles, 34, 55.
Surplus, embarrassing, 93, 173; an incentive to extravagance, 116, 136, 138; easily relieved, 174; nearly exhausted, 216.
Taft, William II., decision as Circuit Judge against an industrial combination, 299; recalled from Philippines to be Secretary of War, 317; Roosevelt's choice for Presidency, 324; nominated and elected (1908), 325; urges tariff revision, 326, 327; alienates some of the Republican lenders, 327, 328; in the Pinchot-Ballinger dispute, 328, 329; pushes anti-trust suits, 330, 331; extends civil service, 331; negotiates arbitration treaties with Great Britain and France, 331, 332; renominated (1912), 336; badly defeated, 338.
Tanner, James ("Corporal"), 172.
Tarbell, Ida M., writes history of Standard Oil Company, 309, 310.
Tariff, the favorite national tax, 6, 7; basis of the rate of, 7; at the end of the war, 8; different views of, 97; influence of, in Presidential campaigns, 100; revision of, 114, 116, 117; as a source of revenue, 114, 115; attacks upon, 115, 116; commission created to investigate needs of, 117, 118; difficulties of constructing, 118, 119, 140; revision demanded, 169; McKinley Bill, 172-75; opposition to the new law, 184; a factor in political landslide of 1890, 186; McKinley Bill in danger, 215; tariff for revenue the winning issue in 1890 and 1892, 220; financial interest of manufacturers in, 233; the Dingley Bill, 253, 254, 255; the "mother of trusts," 303; revised by Republicans, 326, 327; reduced by Democrats, 339.
Taxes, as means of raising money, 6, 114, 115; authorized more reluctantly than loans, 6; often revised and increased, 7; difficulties of Congress with, 115.
Taylor, Hannis, 262.
Tennessee, readmitted to the Union, 45; escapes negro domination, 54.
Tenure-of-Office Act, 34, 35.
Texas, readmitted to Union, 47; through change in, after the Civil War, 204, 205.
Thurman, Allen G., 170.
Tilden, Samuel J., prosecutes the Tweed ring, 80; Democratic candidate for President in 1876, 80, 81; doubtful result of the election, 83, 84; unwilling to run in 1880, 99.
Timber Culture Laws, 155.
Tobacco Trust, 330, 331.
Transportation, a fundamental factor, 162; creates new standards of living, 162, 163; relation to the trusts, 164, 165; vital to frontier life, 180.
Treves, Sir Frederick, praises work in Canal Zone, 317.
Trusts, formation of, 163, 164; logical outcome of, 164; influence of transportation, 164, 165; whiskey and sugar, 166; evils of, social or political, 167; difficulty of regulating, 168; investigation ordered, 169; the aim of, 297; Chicago conference on, 298; and strikes, 299, 300; not all "bad," 302; tariff the mother of, 303; the menace of, 309; prosecution of, 320, 321.
Tweed, William M., 50, 60.
Underwood, Oscar W., 329, 330, 336.
Union League, of freedmen, 45.
Union Pacific Railroad, building of, 22, 24, 25; celebration of completion, 25; scandals of, 61; extended to Denver, 74; a national project, 142, 143; extended to the Gulf and into Oregon, 145; reconstructed by Harriman, 294.
United Mine Workers of America, 300.
United States Steel Corporation, 297, 298.
Utah, polygamy in, 154; admitted to the Union, 240, 290.
Vallandigham, Clement L., 4.
Venezuela, boundary dispute with Great Britain, 230-32; before the Hague Court, 284.
Villard, Henry, 144, 145.
Virginia, readmitted to Union, 47.
Waite, Gov. Davis H., 222, 228.
Wanamaker, John, 172, 253.
Washington, becomes a State, 152.
Washington, Booker T., 202, 290.
Watson, Thomas E., 193, 238.
Watterson, Henry, 56.
Weaver, James B., Greenback-Labor candidate for the Presidency, 101; leader in the People's Party, 209; Presidential candidate, 211, 216.
Wells, David A., 116.
Western Federation of Miners, in Cripple Creek strike, 301.
Weyler, Gen. Valeriano, 260, 261, 263.
Wheeler, William A., Vice-President with Hayes, 83.
Whiskey Ring, the, 62, 81.
Whiskey and Sugar Trusts, 166.
Wiley, Dr. Harvey, 314, 328.
Wilson, Henry, Vice-President in Grant's second term, 57.
Wilson, James, 314, 328.
Wilson, William L., 215; leader in tariff revision, 139, 220, 221; on free silver, 229.
Wilson, Woodrow, career of, 336, 337; nominated by Democrats for Presidency, 337; elected, 338; delivers message to Congress in person, 339; a coercive leader, 339; attitude toward Mexico, 340; neutrality in European war, 341, 342.
Windom, William L., 102, 172.
Woman suffrage, adopted by several States, 250, 334.
Wood, Gen. Leonard, 270, 282.
Woodford, Gen. Stewart L., Minister to Spain, 262, 263.
Wright, Carroll D., Commissioner of Labor, 122.
Wyoming, made a Territory, 149; a State, 152, 250.
Yellow fever, suppressed in Cuba, 282.
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