[Footnote 2752: A famous French alienist (1825-1893).—W.S.]

[Footnote 2753: Progres medical, January 19, 1878.]

[Footnote 2754: The existence of patches devoid of feeling was considered in the Middle Ages to prove that the subject was a witch. Hence needles were run into the supposed witch. And if she felt them in every part of her body she was acquitted.—W.S.]

The other characteristics of Jeanne's hallucinations revealed by her examinations during the trial are no less interesting than these, although they do not lead to any more certain conclusions.

Those visions and voices, which the subject refers to an external source and which are so characteristic of hysterical hallucinations, proceed suddenly from the subconscious self. Jeanne's conscious self was so far from being prepared for her voices that she declares she was very much afraid when she first heard them: "I was thirteen when I heard a voice coming from God telling me to lead a good life. And the first time I was very much afraid. This voice came to me about noon; it was in the summer, in my father's garden."[2755]

[Footnote 2755: Trial, vol. i, p. 52.]

And then straightway the voice becomes imperative. It demands an obedience which is not refused: "It said to me: 'Go forth into France,' and I could no longer stay where I was."[2756]

[Footnote 2756: Trial, vol. i, p. 53.]

Her visions all occur in the same manner. They appeal to the senses in exactly the same way and are received by the Maid with equal credulity.

Finally, these hallucinations of hearing and of sight are soon associated with similar hallucinations of smell and touch, which serve to confirm Jeanne's belief in their reality.

Q. "Which part of Saint Catherine did you touch?"

A. "You will hear nothing more."

Q. "Did you kiss or embrace Saint Catherine or Saint Margaret?"

A. "I embraced them both."

Q. "In embracing them did you feel heat or anything?"

A. "I could not embrace them without feeling and touching them."[2757]

[Footnote 2757: Trial, vol. i, p. 186.]

Because they thus appeal to the senses and seem to possess a certain material reality, hysterical hallucinations make a profound and ineffaceable impression on those who experience them. The subjects speak of them as being actual and very striking facts. When they become accusers, as so many women do who claim to have been the victims of imaginary assaults, they support their assertions in the most energetic fashion.

Not only does Jeanne see, hear, smell and touch her saints, she joins the procession of angels they bring in their train. With them she performs actual deeds, as if there were perfect unity between her life and her hallucinations.

"I was in my lodging, in the house of a good woman, near the chateau of Chinon, when the angel came. And then he and I went together to the King."

Q. "Was this angel alone?"

A. "This angel was with a goodly company of other angels.[2758] They were with him, but not every one saw them.... Some were very much alike; others were not, or at any rate not as I saw them. Some had wings. Certain even wore crowns, and in their company were Saint Catherine and Saint Margaret. With the angel aforesaid and with the other angels they went right into the King's chamber."

[Footnote 2758: According to the evidence of Maitre Pierre Maurice, at the condemnation trial (vol. i. p. 480), Jeanne must have seen the angels "in the form of certain infinitesimal things" (sub specie quarumdam rerum minimarum). This was also the character of the hallucinations experienced by Saint Rose of Lima ("Vie de Sainte Rose de Lima," by P. Leonard Hansen, p. 179).]

Q. "Tell us how the angel left you."

A. "He left me in a little chapel, and at his departure I was very sorrowful, and I even wept. Willingly would I have gone away with him; I mean my soul would have gone."[2759]

[Footnote 2759: Trial, vol. i, p. 144.]

In all these hallucinations there is the same objective clearness, the same subjective certitude as in toxic hallucinations; and this clearness, this certitude, may in Jeanne's case suggest hysteria.

But if in certain respects Jeanne resembles hysterical subjects, in others she differs from them. She seems early to have acquired an independence of her visions and an authority over them.

Without ever doubting their reality, she resists them and sometimes disobeys them, when, for example, in defiance of Saint Catherine, she leaps from her prison of Beaurevoir: "Well nigh every day Saint Catherine told me not to leap and that God would come to my aid, and also would succour those of Compiegne. And I said to Saint Catherine: 'Since God is to help those of Compiegne, I want to be with them.'"[2760]

[Footnote 2760: Trial, vol. i, p. 110.]

On another occasion she assumes such authority over her visions that she can make the two saints come at her bidding when they do not come of themselves.

Q. "Do you call these saints, or do they come without being called?"

A. "They often come without being called, and sometimes when they did not come I asked God to send them speedily."[2761]

[Footnote 2761: Trial, vol. i, p. 279 and passim.]

All this is not in the accepted manner of the hysterical, who are usually somewhat passive with regard to their nervous fits and hallucinations. But Jeanne's dominance over her visions is a characteristic I have noted in many of the higher mystics and in those who have attained notoriety. This kind of subject, after having at first passively submitted to his hysteria, afterwards uses it rather than submits to it, and finally by means of it attains in his ecstasy to that divine union after which he strives.

If Jeanne were hysterical, such a characteristic would help us to determine the part played by the neurotic side of her nature in the development of her character and in her life.

If there were any hysterical strain in her nature, then it was by means of this hysterical strain that the most secret sentiments of her heart took shape in the form of visions and celestial voices. Her hysteria became the open door by which the divine—or what Jeanne deemed the divine—entered into her life. It strengthened her faith and consecrated her mission; but in her intellect and in her will Jeanne remains healthy and normal. Nervous pathology can therefore cast but a feeble light on Jeanne's nature. It can reveal only one part of that spirit which your book resuscitates in its entirety. With the expression of my respectful admiration, believe me, my dear master,

DOCTOR G. DUMAS.



APPENDIX II

THE FARRIER OF SALON

Towards the end of the seventeenth century, there lived at Salon-en-Crau, near Aix, a farrier, one Francois Michel. He came of a respectable family. He himself had served in the cavalry regiment of the Chevalier de Grignan. He was held to be a sensible man, honest and devout. He was close on forty when, in February, 1697, he had a vision.

Returning to his home one evening, he beheld a spectre, holding a torch in its hand. This spectre said to him:

"Fear nothing. Go to Paris and speak to the King. If thou dost not obey this command thou shalt die. When thou shalt approach to within a league of Versailles, I will not fail to make known unto thee what things thou shalt say to his Majesty. Go to the Governor of thy province, who will order all that is necessary for thy journey."

The figure which thus addressed him was in the form of a woman. She wore a royal crown and a mantle embroidered with flowers-de-luce of gold, like the late Queen, Marie-Therese, who had died a holy death full fourteen years before.

The poor farrier was greatly afraid. He fell down at the foot of a tree, knowing not whether he dreamed or was awake. Then he went back to his house, and told no man of what he had seen.

Two days afterwards he passed the same spot. There again he beheld the same spectre, who repeated the same orders and the same threats. The farrier could no longer doubt the reality of what he saw; but as yet he could not make up his mind what to do.

A third apparition, more imperious and more importunate than the first, reduced him to obedience. He went to Aix, to the Governor of the province; he saw him and told him how he had been given a mission to speak to the King. The Governor at first paid no great heed to him. But the visionary's patient persistence could not fail to impress him. Moreover, since the King was personally concerned in the matter, it ought not to be entirely neglected. These considerations led the Governor to inquire from the magistrates of Salon touching the farrier's family and manner of life. The result of these inquiries was very favourable. Accordingly the Governor deemed it fitting to proceed forthwith to action. In those days no one was quite sure whether advice, very useful to the most Christian of Kings, might not be sent by some member of the Church Triumphant through the medium of a common artisan. Still less were they sure that some plot in which the welfare of the State was concerned might not be hatched under colour of an apparition. In both contingencies, the second of which was quite probable, it would be advisable to send Francois Michel to Versailles. And this was the decision arrived at by the Governor.

For the transport of Francois Michel he adopted measures at once sure and inexpensive. He confided him to an officer who was taking recruits in that direction. After having received the communion in the church of the Franciscans, who were edified by his pious bearing, the farrier set out on February 25 with his Majesty's young soldiers, with whom he travelled as far as La Ferte-sous-Jouarre. On his arrival at Versailles, he asked to see the King or at least one of his Ministers of State. He was directed to M. de Barbezieux, who, when he was still very young, had succeeded his father, M. de Louvois, and in that position had displayed some talent. But the good farrier declined to tell him anything, because he was not a Minister of State.

And it was true that Barbezieux, although a Minister, was not a Minister of State. But that a farrier from Provence should be capable of drawing such a distinction occasioned considerable surprise.

M. de Barbezieux doubtless did not evince such scorn for this compatriot of Nostradamus as would have been shown in his place by a man of broader mind. For he, like his father, was addicted to the practice of astrology, and he was always inquiring concerning his horoscope of a certain Franciscan friar who had predicted the hour of his death.

We do not know whether he gave the King a favourable report of the farrier, or whether the latter was admitted to the presence of M. de Pomponne, who was then at the head of the administration of Provence. But we do know that Louis XIV consented to see the man. He had him brought up the steps leading to the marble courtyard, and then granted him a lengthy audience in his private apartments.

On the morrow, as the King was coming down his private staircase on his way out hunting, he met Marshal de Duras, who was Captain of the King's bodyguard for the day. With his usual freedom of speech the Marshal spoke to the King of the farrier, using a common saying:

"Either the man is mad, or the King is not noble."

At these words the King, contrary to his usual habit, paused and turned to the Marshal de Duras:

"Then I am not noble," he said, "for I talked to him for a long time, and he spoke very sensibly; I assure you he is far from being mad."

The last words he uttered with so solemn a gravity that those who were present were astonished.

Persons who claim to be inspired are expected to show some sign of their mission. In a second interview, Francois Michel showed the King a sign in fulfilment of a promise he had given. He reminded him of an extraordinary circumstance which the son of Anne of Austria believed known to himself alone. Louis XIV himself admitted it, but for the rest preserved a profound silence touching this interview.

Saint Simon, always eager to collect every court rumour, believed it was a question of some phantom, which more than twenty years before had appeared to Louis XIV in the Forest of Saint-Germain.

For the third and last time the King received the farrier of Salon.

The courtiers displayed so much curiosity in this visionary that he had to be shut up in the monastery of Des Recollets. There the little Princess of Savoy, who was shortly to marry the Duke of Burgundy, came to see him with several lords and ladies of the court.

He appeared slow to speak, good, simple, and humble. The King ordered him to be furnished with a fine horse, clothes, and money; then he sent him back to Provence.

Public opinion was divided on the subject of the apparition which had appeared to the farrier and the mission he had received from it. Most people believed that he had seen the spirit of Marie-Therese; but some said it was Nostradamus.[2762]

[Footnote 2762: Michel de Nostre-Dame, called Nostradamus (1503-1566), a Provencal astrologer, whose prophecies were published under the title of "Centuries." He was invited to the French court by Catherine de' Medici, and became the doctor of Charles IX.—W.S.]

It was only at Salon, where he slept in the church of the Franciscans, that this astrologer was absolutely believed in. His "Centuries," which appeared at Paris and at Lyon in no less than ten editions in the course of one century, entertained the credulous throughout the kingdom. In 1693, there had just been published a book of the prophecies of Nostradamus showing how they had been fulfilled in history from the reign of Henry II down to that of Louis the Great.

It came to be believed that in the following mysterious quatrain the farrier's coming had been prophesied:

"Le penultiesme du surnom du Prophete, Prendra Diane pour son iour et repos: Loing vaguera par frenetique teste, En delivrant un grand peuple d'impos."[2763]

[Footnote 2763: The last syllable but one of the surname of the Prophet will Diane take for her day and her rest. Far shall wander that inspired one delivering a great nation from the burden of taxes.]

An attempt was made to apply these obscure lines to the poor prophet of Salon. In the first line he is said to figure as one of the twelve minor prophets, Micah, which name is closely allied to Michel. In the second line Diane was said to be the mother of the farrier, who was certainly called by that name. But if the line means anything at all, it is more likely to refer to the day of the moon, Monday. It was carefully pointed out that in the third line frenetique means not mad but inspired. The fourth and only intelligible line would suggest that the spectre bade Michel ask the King to lessen the taxes and dues which then weighed so heavily on the good folk of town and country:

En delivrant un grand peuple d'impos. This was enough to make the farrier popular and to cause those unhappy sufferers to centre in this poor windbag their hopes for a better future. His portrait was engraved in copper-plate, and below it was written the quatrain of Nostradamus. M. d'Argenson,[2764] who was at the head of the police department, had these portraits seized. They were suppressed, so says the Gazette d'Amsterdam, on account of the last line of the quatrain written beneath the portrait, the line which runs: En delivrant un grand peuple d'impos. Such an expression was hardly likely to please the court.

[Footnote 2764: Marc Rene Marquis d'Argenson (1652-1721), after being Lieutenant General de la Police at Paris, became, from 1718-1720, President du Conseil des Finances and Garde des Sceaux.—W.S.]

No one ever knew exactly what was the mission the farrier received from his spectre. Subtle folk suspected one of Madame de Maintenon's intrigues. She had a friend at Marseille, a Madame Arnoul, who was as ugly as sin, it was said, and yet who managed to make men fall in love with her. They thought that this Madame Arnoul had shown Marie-Therese to the good man of Salon in order to induce the King to live honourably with widow Scarron. But in 1697 widow Scarron had been married to Louis for twelve years at least; and one cannot see why ghostly aid should have been necessary to attach the old King to her.

On his return to his native town, Francois Michel shoed horses as before.

He died at Lancon, near Salon, on December 10, 1726.[2765]

[Footnote 2765: Gazette d'Amsterdam, March-May, 1697; Annales de la cour et de Paris (vol. ii. pp. 204, 219); Theatrum Europaeum (vol. xv. pp. 359-360); Memoires de Sourches (vol. v. pp. 260, 263); Lettres de Madame Dunoyer (Letter xxvi); Saint Simon, Memoires, ed. Regnier (Collection des Grands Ecrivains de la France), vol. vi. pp. 222, 228, 231; Appendix X, p. 545; Memoires du duc de Luynes, vol. x. pp. 410, 412—Abbe Proyart, Vie du duc de Bourgogne (ed. 1782), vol. i. pp. 978, 981.]



APPENDIX III

MARTIN DE GALLARDON

Ignace Thomas Martin was by calling a husbandman. A native of Gallardon in Eure-et-Loir, he dwelt there with his wife and four children in the beginning of the nineteenth century. Those who knew him tell us that he was of average height, with brown straight hair, a calm glance, a thin countenance and an air of quiet and assurance. A pencil portrait, which his son, M. le Docteur Martin, has kindly sent me, gives a more exact idea of the visionary. The portrait, which is in profile, presents a forehead curiously high and straight, a long narrow head, round eyes, broad nostrils, a compressed mouth, a protruding chin, hollow cheeks and an air of austerity. He is dressed as a bourgeois, with a collar and white cravat.

According to the evidence of his brother, a man both physically and mentally sound, his was the gentlest of natures; he never sought to attract attention; in his regular piety there was nothing ecstatic. Both the mayor and the priest of Gallardon confirmed this description. They agreed in representing him to have been a good simple creature, with an intellect well-balanced although not very active.

In 1816 he was thirty-three. On January 15 in this year he was alone in his field, over which he was spreading manure, when in his ear he heard a voice which had not been preceded by footsteps. Then he turned his head in the direction of the voice and saw a figure which alarmed him. In comparison with human size it was but slight; its countenance, which was very thin, dazzled by its unnatural whiteness. It was wearing a high hat and a frock-coat of a light colour, with laced shoes.

It said in a kindly tone: "You must go to the King; you must warn him that his person is in danger, that wicked people are seeking to overthrow his Government."

It added further recommendations to Louis XVIII touching the necessity of having an efficient police, of keeping holy the Sabbath, of ordering public prayers and of suppressing the disorders of the Carnival. If such measures be neglected, it said, "France will fall into yet greater misfortunes." All this was doubtless nothing more or less than what M. La Perruque, Priest of Gallardon, had a hundred times repeated from the pulpit on Sunday.

Martin replied:

"Since you know so much about it, why don't you perform your errand yourself? Why do you appeal to a poor man like me who knows not how to express himself?"

Then the unknown replied to Martin:

"It is not I who will go, but you; do as I command you."

As soon as he had uttered these words, his feet rose from the ground, his body bent, and with this double movement he vanished.

From this time onwards, Martin was haunted by the mysterious being. One day, having gone down into his cellar, he found him there. On another occasion, during vespers, he saw him in church, near the holy water stoup, in a devout attitude. When the service was over, the unknown accompanied Martin on his way home and again commanded him to go and see the King. The farmer told his relatives who were with him, but neither of them had seen or heard anything.

Tormented by these apparitions, Martin communicated them to his priest, M. La Perruque. He, being certain of the good faith of his parishioner and deeming that the case ought to be submitted to the diocesan authority, sent the visionary to the Bishop of Versailles. The Bishop was then M. Louis Charrier de la Roche, a priest who in the days of the Revolution had taken the oath to the Republic. He resolved to subject Martin to a thorough examination; and from the first he told him to ask the unknown what was his name, and who it was who sent him.

But when the messenger in the light-coloured frock-coat appeared again, he declared that his name must remain unknown.

"I come," he added, "from him who has sent me, and he who has sent me is above me."

He may have wished to conceal his name; but at least he did not conceal his views; the vexation he displayed on the escape of La Valette[2766] proved that in politics he was an ultra Royalist of the most violent type.

[Footnote 2766: Antoine Marie Chamans, Comte de La Valette (1769-1830), was a French general during the first empire. Having been arrested in 1815 and condemned to death, he was saved by his wife.—W.S.]

Meanwhile the Comte de Breteuil, Prefect of Eure-et-Loir, had been told of the visionary at the same time as the Bishop. He also questioned Martin. He expected to find him a nervous, agitated person; but when he found him tranquil, speaking simply, but with logical sequence and precision, he was very astonished.

Like M. l'Abbe La Perruque he deemed the matter sufficiently important to bring before the higher authorities. Accordingly he sent Martin, under the escort of a lieutenant of gendarmerie, to the Ministre de la Police Generale.

Having reached Paris on March 8, Martin lodged with the gendarme at the Hotel de Calais, in the Rue Montmartre. They occupied a double-bedded room. One morning, when Martin was in bed, he beheld an apparition and told Lieutenant Andre, who could see nothing, although it was broad daylight. Indeed, Martin's visitations became so frequent that they ceased to cause him either surprise or concern. It was only to the abrupt disappearance of the unknown that he could never grow accustomed. The voice continued to give the same command. One day it told him that if it were not obeyed France would not know peace until 1840.

In 1816 the Ministre de la Police Generale was the Comte Decazes who was afterwards created a duke. He was in the King's confidence. But he knew that the extreme Royalists were hatching plots against his royal master. Decazes wished to see the good man from Gallardon, suspecting doubtless, that he was but a tool in the hands of the Extremists. Martin was brought to the Minister, who questioned him and at once perceived that the poor creature was in no way dangerous. He spoke to him as he would to a madman, endeavouring to regard the subject of his mania as if it were real, and so he said:

"Don't be agitated; the man who has been troubling you is arrested; you will have nothing more to fear from him."

But these words did not produce the desired effect. Three or four hours after this interview, Martin again beheld the unknown, who, after speaking to him in his usual manner, said: "When you were told that I had been arrested, you were told a lie; he who said so has no power over me."

On Sunday, March 10, the unknown returned; and on that day he disclosed the matter concerning which the Bishop of Versailles had inquired, and which he had said at first he would never reveal.

"I am," he declared, "the Archangel Raphael, an angel of great renown in the presence of God, and I have received power to afflict France with all manner of suffering."

Three days later, Martin was shut up in Charenton on the certificate of Doctor Pinel, who stated him to be suffering from intermittent mania with alienation of mind.

He was treated in the kindest manner and was even permitted to enjoy some appearance of liberty. Pinel himself originated the humane treatment of the insane. Martin in the asylum was not forsaken by the blessed Raphael. On Friday, the 15th, as the peasant was tying his shoe laces, the Archangel in his frock-coat of a light colour, spoke to him these words:

"Have faith in God. If France persists in her incredulity, the misfortunes I have predicted will happen. Moreover, if they doubt the truth of your visions, they have but to cause you to be examined by doctors in theology."

These words Martin repeated to M. Legros; Director of the Royal Institution of Charenton, and asked him what a doctor in theology was. He did not know the meaning of the term. In the same manner, when he was at Gallardon he had asked the priest, M. La Perruque, the meaning of certain expressions the voice had used. For example, he did not understand the wild frenzy of France [le delvie de la France] nor the evils to which she would fall a victim [elle serait en proie]. But there is nothing that need puzzle us in such ignorance, if it really existed. Martin may well have remembered the words he did not understand and which he afterwards attributed to his Archangel still without understanding them.

The visions recurred at brief intervals. On Sunday, March 31, the Archangel appeared to him in the garden, took his hand, which he pressed affectionately, opened his coat and displayed a bosom of so dazzling a whiteness that Martin could not bear to gaze on it. Then he took off his hat.

"Behold my forehead," he said, "and give heed that it beareth not the mark of the beast whereby the fallen angels were sealed."

Louis XVIII expressed a desire to see Martin and to question him. The King, like his favourite Minister, believed the visionary to be a tool in the hands of the extreme party.

On Tuesday, April 2, Martin was taken to the Tuileries and brought into the King's closet, where was also M. Decazes. As soon as the King saw the farmer, he said to him: "Martin, I salute you."

Then he signed to his Minister to withdraw. Thereupon Martin, according to his own telling, repeated to the King all that the Archangel had revealed to him, and disclosed to Louis XVIII sundry secret matters concerning the years he had spent in exile; finally he made known to him certain plots which had been formed against his person. Then the King, profoundly agitated and in tears, raised his hands and his eyes to heaven and said to Martin:

"Martin, these are things which must never be known save to you and to me."

The visionary promised him absolute secrecy.

Such was the interview of April 2, according to the account given of it by Martin, who then, under the influence of M. La Perruque's sermons, was an infatuated Royalist. It would be interesting to know more of this priest whose inspiration is obvious throughout the whole story. Louis XVIII agreed with M. Decazes that the man was quite harmless; and he was sent back to his plough.

Later, the agents of one of those false dauphins so numerous under the Restoration, got hold of Martin and made use of him in their own interest. After Louis XVIII's death, under the influence of these adventurers, the poor man, reconstituting the story of his interview with the late King, introduced into it other revelations he claimed to have received and completely changed the whole character of the incident. In this second version the passionate Royalist of 1816 was transformed into an accusing prophet, who came to the King's own palace to denounce him as a usurper and a regicide, forbidding him in God's name to be crowned at Reims.

Such ramblings I cannot relate at length. They are to be found fully detailed in the book of M. Paul Marin. The author of this work would have done well to indicate that these follies were suggested to the unhappy man by the partisans of Naundorf, who was passing himself off as the Duke of Normandy, who had escaped from the Temple.

Thomas Ignace Martin died at Chartres in 1834. It is alleged, but it has never been proved, that he was poisoned.[2767]

[Footnote 2767: Rapport adresse a S. Ex. le Ministre de la Police Generale sur l'etat du nomme Martin, envoye par son ordre a la maison royale de Charenton, le 13 Mars, 1816, par MM. Pinel, medecin en chef de l'hopital de la Salpetriere, et Royer-Collard, medecin en chef de la maison royale de Charenton, et l'un et l'autre professeurs a la faculte de medecine de Paris. Inscribed at the end with the date—Paris, 6 May, 1816—39 pages in 4'o MS. in the library of the author. Le Capitaine Paul Marin, Thomas Martin de Gallardon Les Medecins et les thaumaturges du XIX'e siecle, Paris, s.d. in 18'o. Memoires de la Comtesse de Boignes, edited by Charles Nicoullaud, Paris, 1907, vol. iii. pp. 355 and passim.]



APPENDIX IV

ICONOGRAPHICAL NOTE

There is no authentic picture of Jeanne. From her we know that at Arras she saw in the hands of a Scotsman a picture in which she was represented on her knees presenting a letter to her King. From her we know also that she never caused to be made either image or painting of herself, and that she was not aware of the existence of any such image or painting. The portrait painted by the Scotsman, which was doubtless very small, is unfortunately lost and no copy of it is known.[2768] The slight pen-and-ink figure, drawn on a register of May 10, 1429, by a clerk of the Parlement of Paris, who had never seen the Maid, must be regarded as the mere scribbling of a scribe who was incapable of even designing a good initial letter.[2769] I shall not attempt to reconstruct the iconography of the Maid.[2770] The bronze equestrian statue in the Cluny Museum produces a grotesque effect that one is tempted to believe deliberate, if one may ascribe such an intention to an old sculptor. It dates from the reign of Charles VIII. It is a Saint George or a Saint Maurice, which, at a time doubtless quite recent, was taken to represent the Maid. Between the legs of the miserable jade, on which the figure is mounted, was engraved the inscription: La pucelle dorlians, a description which would not have been employed in the fifteenth century.[2771] About 1875, the Cluny Museum exhibited another statuette, slightly larger, in painted wood, which was also believed to be fifteenth century, and to represent Jeanne d'Arc. It was relegated to the store-room, when it turned out to be a bad seventeenth-century Saint Maurice from a church at Montargis.[2772] Any saint in armour is frequently described as a Jeanne d'Arc. This is what happened to a small fifteenth-century head wearing a helmet, found buried in the ground at Orleans, broken off from a statue and still bearing traces of painting: a work in good style and with a charming expression.[2773] I have not patience to relate how many initial letters of antiphonaries and sixteenth-, seventeenth- and even eighteenth-century miniatures have been touched up or repainted and passed off as true and ancient representations of Jeanne. Many of them I have had the opportunity of seeing.[2774] On the other hand, if they were not so well known, it would give me pleasure to recall certain manuscripts of the fifteenth century, which, like Le Champion des Dames and Les Vigiles de Charles VII, contain miniatures in which the Maid is portrayed according to the fancy of the illuminator. Such pictures are interesting because they reveal her as she was imagined by those who lived during her lifetime or shortly afterwards. It is not their merit that appeals to us; they possess none; and in no way do they suggest Jean Foucquet.[2775]

[Footnote 2768: Trial, vol. i, pp. 100, 292.]

[Footnote 2769: There is a wood engraving of this figure in Wallon, Jeanne d'Arc, p. 95.]

[Footnote 2770: E. de Bouteiller and G. de Braux, Notes iconographiques sur Jeanne d'Arc, Paris and Orleans, 1879, in 18'o royal paper.]

[Footnote 2771: Reproduced in many works, notably opposite p. 17 in the book of E. de Bouteiller and G. de Braux, referred to above.]

[Footnote 2772: Ibid., see woodcut opposite p. 8.]

[Footnote 2773: In the Orleans Museum. A copper-plate engraving by M. Georges Lavalley, in the Jeanne d'Arc, of M. Raoul Bergot, Tours, s.d. large 8'o.]

[Footnote 2774: Of this class of so-called portrait, I will merely mention the miniature which serves as frontispiece to vol. iv. of La Vrai Jeanne d'Arc, of P. Ayroles, Paris, 1898, in large 8'o, and the miniature of the Spetz Collection, reproduced in the Jeanne d'Arc of Canon Henri Debout, vol. ii. p. 103 (also in The Maid of France by Andrew Lang, 1908. W.S.).]

[Footnote 2775: Le champion des dames, MS. of the fifteenth century; Bibl. nat., fonds francais, No. 841; Martial d'Auvergne, MS. of the end of the fifteenth century, fonds francais, No. 5054. An initial of a fifteenth-century Latin MS., Bibl. nat., No. 14665.]

While the Maid lived, and especially while she was in captivity, the French hung her picture in churches.[2776] In the Museum of Versailles there is a little painting on wood which is said to be one of those votive pictures. It represents the Virgin with the Child Jesus, having Saint Michael on her right and Jeanne d'Arc on her left.[2777] It is of Italian workmanship and very roughly executed. Jeanne's head, which has disappeared beneath the blows of some hard-pointed instrument, must have been execrably drawn, if we may judge from the others remaining on this panel. All four figures are represented with a scrolled and beaded nimbus, which would have certainly been condemned by the clerics of Paris and Rouen. And indeed others less strict might accuse the painter of idolatry when he exalted to the left hand of the Virgin, to be equal with the Prince of Heavenly Hosts, a mere creature of the Church Militant.

[Footnote 2776: Trial, vol. i, p. 100. N. Valois, Un nouveau temoignage sur Jeanne d'Arc, pp. 8, 13.]

[Footnote 2777: Reproduced in chromo in Wallon's Jeanne d'Arc.]

Standing, her head, neck, and shoulders covered with a kind of furred hood and tippet fringed with black, her gauntlets and shoes of mail, girt above her red tunic with a belt of gold, Jeanne may be recognised by her name inscribed over her head, and also by the white banner, embroidered with fleurs-de-lis, which she raises in her right hand, and by her silver shield, embossed in the German style; on the shield is a sword bearing on its point a crown. A three-lined inscription in French is on the steps of the throne, whereon sits the Virgin Mary. Although the inscription is three parts effaced and almost unintelligible, with the aid of my learned friend, M. Pierre de Nolhac, Director of the Museum of Versailles, I have succeeded in deciphering a few words. These would convey the idea that the inscription consisted of prayers and wishes for the salvation of Jeanne, who had fallen into the hands of the enemy. It would appear therefore that we have here one of those ex voto hung in the churches of France during the captivity of the Maid. In such a case the nimbus round the head of a living person and the isolated position of Jeanne would be easily explained; it is possible that certain excellent Frenchmen, thinking no evil, adapted to their own use some picture which originally represented the Virgin between two personages of the Church Triumphant. By a few touches they transformed one of these personages into the Maid of God. In so small a panel they could find no place more suitable to her mortal state, none like those generally occupied at the feet of the Virgin and saints by the kneeling donors of pictures. This too might explain perhaps why Saint Michael, the Virgin and the Maid have their names inscribed above them. Over the head of the Maid we read ane darc. This form Darc may have been used in 1430.[2778] In the inscription on the steps of the throne I discern Jehane dArc, with a small d and a capital A for dArc, which is very curious. This causes me to doubt the genuineness of the inscription.

[Footnote 2778: The form Darc occurs in the condemnation trial (Trial, vol. i, p. 191, vol. ii, p. 82). But side by side we find also Dars (document dated March 31, 1427), Day (patent of nobility), Daiz (communicated to me by M. Pierre Champion) and Daix (Chronique de la Pucelle).]

The bestion tapestry[2779] in the Orleans Museum,[2780] which represents Jeanne's arrival before the King at Chinon, is of German fifteenth-century workmanship. Coarse of tissue, barbarous in design, and monotonous in colour, it evinces a certain taste for sumptuous adornment but also an absolute disregard for literal truth.

[Footnote 2779: Tapestry representing small animals.—W.S.]

[Footnote 2780: Reproduced in chromo in Wallon's Jeanne d'Arc, cf. J. Quicherat, Histoire du costume en France depuis les temps les plus recules, jusqu' la fin du XVIII'e siecle, Paris, 1875, large octavo, p. 271.]

Another German work was exhibited at Ratisbonne in 1429. It represented the Maid fighting in France. But this painting is lost.[2781]

[Footnote 2781: Trial, vol. v, p. 270.]



INDEX

AARON, i. 207

Arras, Bishop of, ii. 51

Abbeville, ii. 99, 197

Absalom, i. 138

Achilles, ii. 28

AEnius Sylvius, ii. 378

Aetius, i. 119

Ahasuerus, i. 339

Ahaz, i. 213

Aimery, Guillaume, examines Jeanne, i. 189, 193, 194

Aisne, The, i. 460; ii. 1, 142

Aix, ii. 407

Alain du Bey, i. 235

Alain, Jacques, i. 88, 89

Albi, Consuls of, i. 240, 398

Albigenses, The, ii. 157

Albret, Charles, Sire d', i. 137, 447; ii. 22, 63, 78, 164 Jeanne in charge of ii. 84, 94, 96

Alencon, Bailie of, i. 124 Dame of, i. 185 Duchy of, i. 106 Duke of, i. ix, xii, 255, 389; ii. 78 and Jeanne, i. 183, 186, 190, 195; ii. 92 at Beaugency, i. 363-367 at Blois, i. 243 at Reims, i. 446, 447, 450 career of, i. 183 commands the army, i. 347-355, 362; ii. 8, 36, 44, 49, 53, 63 consults Jeanne before Patay, i. 370, 378 evidence of, i. xxviii, xxix, xliv, xlix; ii. 382, 387, 392 heads attack on Paris, ii. 63, 70, 73 skirmishes round Paris, ii. 49, 53, 61 uses Jeanne as a mascotte, ii. 83 imprisoned, ii. 197

Alespee, Jean, ii. 208, 340

Alexander the Great, i. 181, 226, 475

Alexandria, i. 36, 40, 198, 239

Alison du Mai, i. 93, 94

Allee, Pierre d', ii. 71, 130

Alphonso of Aragon, ii. 39, 40

Amazons, The, i. 191, 329

Ambleny, plain of, ii. 2

Ambleville, i. 252, 276 detained by English, i. 295

Amboise, i. 363

Amedee of Savoie, Prince, i. 381; ii. 155, 361

Amiens, ii. 197

Amiete, ii. 74

Amos, ii. 166

Ampulla, the Sacred, i. liv, 390, 391, 393, 445-448, 459

Amydas, King, ii. 133

Ananias, a hermit, i. 36

Andelot, i. 16; ii. 210

Andouillette, Lord Guillaume, i. 428

Andre, Lieutenant, ii. 415

Andrieu, Robert, ii. 92

Angers, i. 63, 108, 132, 240; ii. 139, 184

Angerville, i. 138

Anis, i. 219

Anjou, i. 149, 150, 218, 389 Duchess of, i. 147

Anne of Austria, ii. 410

Annunciation, The, i. 219

Antichrist, coming of, i. 412

Antoine de Lorraine, Lord of Joinville, i. 96

Antonio de Rho, i. 384

Apollodorus, i. 322

Appleby, William, i. 124

Apples, cause of war, i. 92

Apremont, Lord of, ii. 365

Aquitaine, ii. 383

Aragon, i. 121

Arbre-des-Dames, or Arbre-des-Fees, romance of, i. 12

Arc, Catherine d', i. 4, 9, 35, 60 family ennobled, i. xvii; ii. 102, 212 Isabelle d', i. 68, 218, 358; ii. 353 origin of mother of Jeanne, i. 3 at Puy, i. 218, 220, 252 demands rehabilitation, ii. 385 Jacques d', i. xvii, 3, 9 home of, i. 6 freeman or serf, i. 17 rents fortress of Domremy, i. 19 his duties as village elder, i. 25 visits Vaucouleurs, i. 57 his anxiety about Jeanne, i. 68 simplicity of, i. 95 at Reims, i. 451 Jacques or Jacquemin d', brother of Jeanne, i. 4, 20 Jean d', i. 4; ii. 353 joins Jeanne, i. 252 enters Orleans, i. 267, 269, 272 believes Jeanne to be alive, ii. 353-376 demands rehabilitation, ii. 385 M. Lanery d', i. vii, xxii Nicolas d', i. 5 Pierre d', i. 7, 451; ii. 353, 375, 376 joins Jeanne, i. 252 enters Orleans, i. 267, 269, 272 taken prisoner, ii. 152 demands rehabilitation, ii. 385

Archambaud of Villars, i. 121, 144, 169

Arcis, i. 435

Areopagite, The, ii. 48

Arezzo, i. 384

Argenson, M. d', ii. 411

Aristotle, i. 181, 322, 383

Arles, i. 119; ii. 360

Arlon, ii. 359, 365

Armagnac Conspiracy to enter Paris, ii. 128-130 Count of, see Jean IV

Armagnacs and Burgundians, war between, i. 21 et passim

Armoises, Robert des, Lord of Tichemont, ii. 365, 374

Arnaud of Corraze, Raimond, i. 121

Arnolin, Messire, i. 65

Arnoul, Madame, ii. 412

Arnoult of Aulnoy, i. 98

Aronde, The, ii. 145

Arras, i. 458 Jeanne at, ii. 191-196, 420 Franquet d', ii. 275

Artaxerxes, i. 409

Arthur of Brittany, see Count of Richemont

Artois, Bailie of, i. 458

Arundel, Earl of, ii. 348

Ascension Day, i. 291-294; ii. 65

Astarac, ii. 38

Astrologers, i. 166, 473; ii. 409 foretell the death of Salisbury, i. 127 see Nostradamus

Attila, i. 119, 208, 238

Aube, The, i. 100, 435

Aubriot, Hugues, ii. 54

Aubrit, Jannet, i. 5 Jeanne, i. 5, 13

Augsburg, i. 221

Augustinians, i. 109, 220

Aulnoy, i. 98

Aulon, Jean d', Squire to Jeanne, i. xiv, xxix, xxx, xxxiv, 252, 259, 269, 277, 283, 284, 364; ii. 119, 160, 366, 388, 401 at St.-Loup, i. 285, 287 at Les Tourelles, i. 297, 299, 308 questions Jeanne as to her Council, i. 341 at St. Pierre-le-Moustier, ii. 84, 85 taken prisoner, ii. 152

Aunoy, Jean d', i. 61 Marguerite d', i. 61

Autun, i. 113; ii. 106

Auvergne, i. 137, 139, 149, 240

Aurelian, the Emperor, i. 109

Auxerre, i. 100, 410, 465, 472 Bishop of, i. 404 Charles VII at, i. 403-407

Avignon, i. 161, 464; ii. 178

Avioth, hill of, ii. 136

Avranches, ii. 49 Bishop of, i. 30; ii. 209

Ayroles, Le Pere, i. xxxvii

Azincourt, i. 145, 154, 229, 358; ii. 178

BABYLON, i. 260, 414

Baignart, Robert, i. 355

Bailiet, i. lvii

Balaam's Ass, i. 175

Bale, Council of, ii. 176, 252, 364, 378

Bar, i. 13, 389 ravaged by La Hire, i. 24 Cardinal, Duke of, i. 92; ii. 1, 8, 53, 73, 178

Bar-sur-Aube, i. 100

Bar-sur-Seine, i. 100

Baratin, Pierre, ii. 360

Barbazan, ii. 196, 199

Barbezieux, M. de, ii. 408

Barbier, Canon, ii. 210

Barbin, Guillaume, i. 167

Barcelona, i. 40

Baretta, Bartolomeo, ii. 118, 124, 147, 148, 155, 193

Barrere, Jean, i. xlvi, ii. 41

Barrey, Edite, i. 5 Jean, godfather of Jeanne, i. 5

Barrois, i. 81

Barron, ii. 20

Basque, The, upholds the standard, i. 308-310

Bassigny, i. 24, 26

Bastard of Granville, i. 279 of Orleans, i. xiii, lvi, 105, 190, 251, 258, 333, 347, 349, 389; ii. 10, 15, 22 evidence of, i. xxv, xxix, xxxii becomes Count of Dunois, i. xvi; ii. 383, 387 obtains supplies, i. 117 parentage of, i. 128 enters Orleans, i. 129, 264-269 achievements of, i. 129 lends musicians to the English, i. 133 leaves Orleans, i. 137 attacks Fastolf's convoy, i. 139 sends to inquire of Jeanne, i. 144 regards Jeanne's mission as religious, i. 264, 266, 284 advises Jeanne to hold aloof, i. 272 meets the army from Blois, i. 277, 282 speaks with Jeanne of Falstolf, i. 283 pacifies Jeanne, i. 294 demands Jeanne's heralds, i. 295 at Les Tourelles, i. 298, 304 attacks Jargeau, i. 332, 351-355 marvels at Jeanne, i. 335 at Patay, i. 370, 372 policy of, ii. 53 of Poitiers, see Guillaume of Vauru, ii. 12-14 of Vergy, ii. 353 of Wandomme, ii. 152, 154

Bastardy, i. 128

Battle of the Herrings, i. 138-140, 213, 230, 236, 256, 281, 370, 473; ii. 57

Baudot de Noyelles, ii. 146, 149

Baudricourt, Lord of, see Robert de Baudricourt

Baudrin, Jean, ii. 130

Bavon, Lady Anna, ii. 216

Bayeux, ii. 205

Bayonne, ii. 383

Bazoches, Thomas de, i. 440

Beans sown at Troyes, i. 413, 426

Bearn, i. 121

Beaucaire, ii. 388

Beaugency, i. xli, 255, 256, 439; ii. 23, 95 English at, i. 318, 332 French take, i. 362-368

Beaulieu, Castle of, Jeanne at, ii. 159, 178, 276

Beaumont, Andrieu de, i. 379

Beaumont-sur-Oise, i. 103; ii. 78

Beaune, i. 450

Beaupere, Jean, ii. 208, 294, 307, 315, 380, 388 questions Jeanne, ii. 228-234, 237-240, 242, 401-406

Beaurepaire, M. Robillard de, i. vii, xxxii

Beaurevoir, i. xix; ii. 51, 140, 195 Jeanne at, ii. 178-191, 261, 273, 318, 405

Beauvais, i. 70; ii. 11, 119, 211, 309 archdeacon of, i. 153 bishop of, see Cauchon surrenders to Charles VII, ii. 35 English march on, ii. 348

Bec, Abbot of, ii. 208, 309

Bec-d'Allier, ii. 84

Bede, the Venerable, prophecies of, i. 178; ii. 27, 30, 230

Bedford, Duchess of, ii. 216, 217, 321 Duke of, i. 69, 359; ii. 60, 348 seizes Alencon, i. 106 returns to England, i. 107 addressed by Jeanne, i. 245, 247 policy towards Burgundy, i. 401 robs the bishops, i. 409 challenges Charles, ii. 16-19 believes Jeanne a witch, ii. 18, 217 cedes Paris to Philip, ii. 57, 58 keeps the crusaders in France, ii. 110 canon of Rouen, ii. 204 death of, ii. 352

Begot, Jean, ii. 210

Beguines, ii. 119

Behemoth, ii. 296

Belial, ii. 296

Belleme, Chateau de, i. 103

Belles, Dames, i. 125

Bellier, Guillaume, i. 174; ii. 370

Bellona, i. lxxii

Bells and St. Catherine, i. 341

Benedicite, see Estivet

Benedict XIII, pope, i. 40, 161; ii. 37, 40, 41, 363

Benedict XIV, pope, ii. 37, 41, 42

Bennade, Bishop, i. 50

Bernard le Breton, ii. 127

Bernardino of Siena, i. 249, 412

Berne, i. lxxi

Berruyer, Martin, ii. 394, 396

Berry, Duc de, Jean, ii. 83 duchy of, i. xiv, 101, 108, 389; ii. 211

Berthe, Queen, i. 12, 395

Bertrand de Poulengy, i. xxix, xxx, 65, 82, 87, 220, 269 accompanies Jeanne, i. 96-105 at Blois, i. 252

Berwoist, John, ii. 225

Besancon, ii. 388

Bethlehem, i. 454

Bethsaida, i. 414

Bethulia, i. 191; ii. 366

Bethune, Jeanne de, ii. 178

Biget, Jean, i. 19

Billoray, Martin, Grand Inquisitor, ii. 157

Blackfriars, i. 109

Black Prince, i. 164

Blaise, i. 24

Blanche of Castile, Queen, i. 395

Blasphemy forbidden, i. 253

Blaye, ii. 383

Blesois, i. 101, 108

Bloch, M. Camille, i. lxxiv

Blois, i. 92, 111, 114, 134, 137, 239, 240 Jeanne at, i. xiii, 243, 319 St. Sauveur, i. 253 army returns to, i. 265, 272, 277, 282 English at, i. 360

Boian, Captain, ii. 95

Boilet, Colette, ii. 92, 93

Boilleve, Jean, i. 348, 366

Bois-Chenu, i. 2, 10, 175; ii. 239

Boisguillaume, see Colles

Bolingbroke, i. 359

Bona of Milan, ii. 41

Bonne de Savoie, i. 381

Bonnet, M. Raoul, i. lxxiv Simon, i. 189

Bonval, Jean de, ii. 12

Bordeaux, ii. 383

Borenglise, Castle of, ii. 138

Bosquier, Pierre, ii. 343

Bossuet, i. lvi

Boucher, Charlotte, i. xxiv, 271 Jacques, i. 110, 283, 302, 314; ii. 36 Jeanne lodges with, i. xxiv, 270; ii. 259

Bouchet, i. 265

Boudant, Helie, ii. 97

Boulainvilliers, Percevalde, i. 376, 399

Bouligny, Rene de, ii. 388

Boullay, Aubert, ii. 356

Boulogne, ii. 153

Boulogne-la-Petite, i. 415

Bouray, Jean de, ii. 96

Bourbon, Duke of, i. xii, lxiv; ii. 8, 63

Bourbonnais, i. 117, 129, 137

Bourgeois, Jean, i. 356

Bourges, i. 240, 395, 396; ii. 4 chapter of, i. 152; ii. 379 Jeanne at, ii. 78 defray costs of war, ii. 95

Bourget, Jean, ii. 183

Bourgogne, ii. 140

Bourlemont, Chateau of, i. 2, 16 Pierre de, i. 14, 16

Bournel, Guichard, ii. 70, 143, 261

Boussac, Marshal de, i. 141, 147, 267, 281 in command, i. 129, 133, 136, 137, 140, 272, 282, 315, 346, 347, 445; ii. 34, 63, 76, 96, 194, 347, 348 at Blois, i. 244 enters Orleans with Jeanne, i. 269 goes to meet Talbot, i. 288 at Les Tourelles, i. 298, 304 at Patay, i. 372 leads army towards Reims, i. 403

Bouteiller, Sire le, ii. 339

Bouvier, Gilles le, i. x

Brabant, ii. 49

Bray-sur-Seine, ii. 8, 78

Brehal, Jean, i. 167; ii. 384, 391

Breteuil, Comte de, ii. 415

Bretigny, Treaty of, i. lxiv

Bretons, The, i. 287

Briare, ii. 106

Brie, i. 187; ii. 9, 17, 110

Brimeu, David de, see Lord of Ligny

Brinion-l'Archeveque, i. 421, 426, 435, 439

Brittany, i. 154, 387 restored by Duke John, i. 380

Brook of the Three Springs, i. 17

Brousson, M. Jean, i. lxxiv

Bruges, ii. 99

Buchon, i. vii

Bueil, Jean de, i. 129, 218, 232; ii. 22, 50, 147

Builhon, Jean de, i. 127, 166

Burey-en-Vaux, i. 2, 59, 67, 75

Burey-la-Cote, i. 2

Burgundy, i. 154 Duke of, see Philip

Butchers of Paris, i. 154; ii. 129

Butterflies, significance of, ii. 260

CABASSE, Raymond, i. 210

Cabochiens, The, i. xxi, 154, 358; ii. 170, 352

Caffa, ii. 140

Cagny, Perceval de, i. ix, x

Cailly, Guy de, i. xxxii, 267, 269, 342

Calais, Jean de, ii. 128, 130

Calendrier des Vieillards, i. 211

Calixtus III, ii. 385

Calot, Lawrence, ii. 318

Cambrai, ii. 178

Camilla, i. 191, 222, 329

Cana, ii. 48

Cany, Dame de, i. 128

Capitouls of Toulouse, i. 337; ii. 41

Carlier, Bietremieu, ii. 188

Carmelites, The, i. 109, 189; ii. 71, 120, 164 plots of, ii. 128-131

Cartesianism, i. lviii

Cassandra, i. 204; ii. 30

Castille, Etienne, ii. 199

Castillon, Jean de, ii. 291

Castres, Bishop of, ii. 379

Cathari, The, i. 209, 210; ii. 111, 157, 282

Catherine de la Rochelle, ii. 85-88, 101, 119, 167 and Jeanne, ii. 88-90, 184 employed by Friar Richard, ii. 183-185, 261, 345, 367

Cato, i. 327

Catherine, Queen, i. 60, 250, 275, 423

Cauchon, Pierre, Bishop of Beauvais, i. xxvii, li, lii, 440; ii. 35, 46, 299 consults the University of Paris, i. 274 claims Jeanne, ii. 170-178, 181, 195, 197, 203, 204 conducts her trial, ii. 205-284 reads the sentence on Jeanne, ii. 314, 320, 337 hears her retract, ii. 324-328 claims Guillaume the shepherd, ii. 349 at Bale, ii. 382 responsibility thrown on, deceased, ii. 385 death of, ii. 392

Cayeux, Hugues de, ii. 51

Cazin du Boys, i. 103

Ceffonds, i. 3

Cerquenceaux, Abbot of, i. 121

Chabannes, Jacques de, i. 129; ii. 145

Chabot, Jean, i. 139

Chailly, Denis de, i. 136 Lord de, i. 304

Chalons, i. xxxii, 389, 394, 405, 417, 424; ii. 4, 71 Count of, i. 447 surrenders to Charles VII, i. 435-437

Chambley, Alarde de, i. 61

Chambre des Comptes, ii. 208

Champagne, i. lxix, 3, 187 war in, i. 385, 388 route through, i. 393

Champigny, ii. 56

Champion, M. Pierre, i. xix, lxxiv

Chandos, standard of, i. 310, 448

Chanson de Roland, ii. 278

Chapelain, i. lv, lxv

Chapelle, Jean de la, ii. 128-130

Chapelle-St.-Denys, ii. 130

Chapon, Perrot, i. 103

Charavay, M. Noel, i. lxxiv

Charcot, Dr., ii. 403

Charenton, ii. 416

Charlemagne, crown and sword of, i. 444, 476

Charles II, Duke of Lorraine, see Lorraine Sire d'Albret, see Albret

Charles V, i. 148, 224, 359; ii. 64 piety of, i. 160

Charles VI, i. 22, 146, 161, 183, 423, 429; ii. 54, 208, 228 believer in prophecy, i. 196 death of, i. 198

Charles VII, i. lxxi, 24, 82, 137, 209; ii. 361 attacked through Jeanne, i. xii; ii. 177, 209, 233, 244, 310, 376 escutcheons of, i. 31; ii. 26 Jeanne's prophecies concerning, i. 64, 67, 77, 81 prisoner of the English, i. 75 sends for Jeanne, i. 89 character of, i. 145-149, 160, 166 resources of, i. 149-155, 331, 396 Le Bien Servi, i. 153 examines reports of Jeanne, i. 160, 162, 168, 323, 328 interviews Jeanne, i. 168-173, 183 personal appearance of, i. 170 legitimacy of, i. 172 warned against Jeanne, i. 181 seeks a sign, i. 213, 214 has Jeanne armed and mounted, i. 221-223 announces the relief of Orleans, i. 319 urged by Jeanne to Reims, i. 333, 385 Voices not heard by, i. 342 receives Jeanne after Patay, i. 377 coronation of; moral value of, i. 391 innocent of death of Duke John, i. 401 starts for Reims, i. 403 at Troyes, i. 421-434 at Chalons, i. 436 summons Reims to surrender, i. 439 crowned at Reims, i. 443-449 progress to Compiegne, ii. 1-24, 34, 51 challenged by Bedford, ii. 16-19 makes truce with Burgundy, ii. 51-53 hated in Paris, ii. 58, 59 orders army back from Paris, ii. 73 leaves St. Denys, ii. 76 disbands the army, ii. 78 peaceful policy of, ii. 120 schemes to win Paris, ii. 128 maintains the Pragmatic Sanction, ii. 381 enters Rouen, ii. 383 urges trial for rehabilitation, ii. 383-385 death of, ii. 397

Charles VIII, i. lxxi

Charles, Duke of Orleans, i. 91, 142, 243; ii. 1, 269 bribes the English, i. 106 raises supplies, i. 117 ballad by, i. 235 to be rescued by Jeanne, i. 333, 357 piety of, i. 342, 358 colours of, i. 356 captivity of, i. 359

Charles Martel, i. 102, 223, 226, 475 Simon, i. 169

Charles the Wise, ii. 14

Charny, Lord of, ii. 51

Charpaigne, i. 155

Charpentier, P., i. xiii

Chartier, Alain, i. xlv, lxiii, 251 Jean, i. xi-xiii, xx, xxxii, xlv

Chartiers, Guillaume, ii. 385

Chartres, i. 410; ii. 213, 353, 419

Chasse-les-Usson, ii. 394

Chastel, Jean du, i. 104

Chastellain, Georges, i. xxi

Chastillon, Sire de, commander of Reims, i. 438-442

Chateaubriand, i. lix

Chateaubrun, Lord of, i. 139, 141

Chateaudun, i. 114, 240, 318 Governor of, i. 174, 241

Chateaufort, Guillaume de, ii. 396

Chateauneuf, i. 377

Chateau-of-Sully, i. 377

Chateaurenard, i. 282; ii. 78

Chateau-Thierry, i. 440; ii. 3, 4, 7, 10, 260 Jeanne at, ii. 75

Chateauvillain, Sire de, i. 411

Chatterton, Thomas, i. lxix

Chaumont, i. 16, 61, 121, 129 occupied by the English, i. 23 Lord of, i. 129, 210

Checy, i. 112, 113, 258, 341 army reaches, i. 264 Jeanne at, i. 267

Cheminon, Abbey of, i. 47, 252

Chenier, Marie-Joseph, i. xlvi, lxv

Cher, The, i. 338

Chinon, i. xxxviii, 87, 89, 99, 117, 143, 144, 151, 217, 238, 466, 476; ii. 300, 370 Jeanne at, i. xiii, xxv, 145, 156-185, 468; ii. 232, 404 castles of, i. 158 Grand Carroy, i. 167 La Vieille Porte, i. 168 Castle of Coudray, i. 173 Charles VII at, i. 319

Choisy-au-Bac, ii. 142

Choisy-sur-Aisne, ii. 142

Chorazin, i. 414

Christine de Pisan, i. 179; ii. 56 poems of, ii. 24-30

Chroniclers of the period, i. ix

Chronique d'Antonio Morosini, i. xxi

Chronique de la Pucelle, La, i. xiv

Chronique de l'Etablissement de la fete, Le, i. xviii

Chronique des Cordeliers, Le, i. xix, xx

Chrysippus, i. 322

Chursates, i. 40

Cilinia, i. 50

City of God, The, i. 205

Clain, The, i. 147

Clairoix, ii. 145, 147, 164

Claude de Metz, ii. 353

Clefmont, Barthelemy de, i. 28

Clement VIII, pope, ii. 37, 40, 42, 250, 363

Clement of Alexandria, i. 205

Clermont, i. 240; ii. 92 bishop of, i. 155 Count of, i. 137, 147, 169, 281, 342, 446, 450; ii. 45, 53, 73, 76 cowardice of, i. 138, 140, 370

Climat-du-Camp, i. 373, 375

Clopinel, i. 143

Clorinda, i. lxxii

Clotaire, King, ii. 46

Clotilde, Queen, i. 51-53

Clovis, King, i. 49-53, 55, 182, 392, 445, 447; ii. 178

Coarraze, Lord de, i. 304

Coeur-de-Lis, i. 118; ii. 361

Coinage, the Maid an authority on, i. 337

Colard de Mailly, i. 442

Colet de Vienne, i. 88, 96, 100, 157, 160

Colette of Corbie, i. xxxv, lxxii, 72, 453, 472; ii. 135, 184

Colin, Jean, i. 48, 97

Colles, Guillaume, ii. 206, 218

Cologne, i. 383; ii. 362, 364, 365, 370

Colonna, Otto, ii. 39

Comberel, Hugues de, i. 150

Combleux, i. 113

Comment-Qu'il-Soit, i. 381

Commercy, i. 436 Damoiseau de, see Robert de Saarbruck

Compiegne, i. xx, xxxi, 198; ii. 2, 71, 107, 138, 160, 168, 180, 261, 353 surrenders to Charles VII, ii. 34, 51 Jeanne at, ii. 36, 142, 405 siege of, ii. 140, 151, 155, 193-196 St. Corneille, ii. 208

Conches, Governor of, i. 124

Confessor, The King's, i. 189

Constable of France, i. 400, 447; ii. 44, 382 feared by the King, i. 377 plots to seize Jeanne, i. 379 succeeds as favourite, ii. 351, 352

Constable of Scotland, i. 135, 137, 139

Constance, Bishop of, ii. 200 Council of, i. 325; ii. 37, 39, 42, 208

Constantinople, i. 249

Coppequesne, Nicolas, ii. 210, 218

Corbeil, i. 101; ii. 3, 123, 185

Corbie, Jean de, i. 404, 472

Cordeliers, the, i. xix, 113

Cormeilles, ii. 208

Corneille, Abbot of, ii. 309

Corny, ii. 357

Coronation, moral value of, i. 391 at Orleans, i. 392 at Reims, i. 392 of queens, i. 395

Corraze, i. 121

Corsini, Giovanni, i. 384

Costus, King, i. 35

Coudray, i. 158

Coudun, ii. 146, 150, 164

Coulommiers, ii. 3, 9

Council, Jeanne's, see Voices, &c. of Charles VII, makes use of the Maid as a mascotte, i. 378; ii. 101 plans of, regarding the coronation, i. 386-394 ceases to employ Jeanne, ii. 120

Courcelles, Thomas de, during the trial, ii. 208, 214, 246, 252, 286, 293, 329, 332, 389 at Bale, ii. 379 delivers the funeral oration on Charles VII, ii. 397

Courtenay, ii. 78

Cousinot, Guillaume, Chronicle of, i. xiv, 270, 292

Coussey, i. 2, 67

Coutances, ii. 209 bishop of, ii. 385

Coutes, Jean de, i. 174 Jeanne de, i. 174 Louis de, i. 174, 252, 448; ii. 388

Couvreur, Jean le, ii. 219

Crecy-en-Brie, i. xlvii, 229; ii. 3

Cremona, i. 384

Crepy-en-Valois, ii. 10, 12, 16, 19, 23, 34, 145

Crequy, Sire de, ii. 149, 150

Croissy, ii. 56

Crotoy, ii. 196

Crusades, The, i. 250, 419, 457; ii. 15, 29, 110

Cuissart, C., i. xiii

Culant, Admiral de, i. 134, 141, 243, 304; ii. 76

Currency of the period, i. 19

Cusquel, Pierre, ii. 201

Cyrus, i. 429

DAGOBERT, King, ii. 46

Daix, Jehannin, ii. 99

Dammartin, ii. 19

Daniel, i. 207

Dante Alighieri, i. lxviii

Darnley, i. 137

Daron, Pierre, ii. 201

Dauphin, The, see Charles VII Jeanne's use of title explained, i. 198

Dauphine, i. 149

David, King, i. 204, 237, 384, 414, 447, 454

Deborah, i. 165, 191, 328, 382; ii. 27

Decazes, Comte, ii. 415, 418

Delachambre, Guillaume, ii. 240, 401

Demetriade, ii. 388

Denmark, i. 177

Desch, Geoffroy, ii. 358 Jean, ii. 358

Deschamps, Eustache, i. 395 Gilles, ii. 208

Devils, entrance of, i. 85

Didier of Saint Die, i. 18, 20

Dieppe, i. 140; ii. 198

Dies Irae, i. 204; ii. 340

Dijon, i. 402, 458

Diminutives, origin of, i. 6

Dinteville, Jean de, i. 407

Diocletian, ii. 56

Directorium, ii. 285

Dive, The, i. 388

Dominicans, The, ii. 157

Dommartin-la-Cour, i. 27

Dommartin-le-Franc, i. 27, 28

Domremy, i. xxiii, xxxi, 58, 73, 212 situation of, i. 2, 16, 17 inhabitants of suspected of witchcraft, i. 15 feudal overlordship of, i. 16 fortress of the island let, i. 19 precautions against pillage, i. 26 pillaged by Henri of Savoy, i. 27 pillaged by Antoine de Vergy, i. 70, 74 inquiries at, ii. 386 freed from tailles, i. 452

Douillet, Jean, ii. 393

Doulevant, i. 27

Drapier, Perrin le, i. 43

Drugy, Chateau of, ii. 196

Ducoudray, Jean, i. 103

Duisy, Guillaume, i. 132, 311

Dumas, Dr. Georges, i. xxxiv; ii. 401-406

Dun, Saubelet de, ii. 366

Dunand, Canon, i. lxii

Dunois, Count of, see Bastard of Orleans

Durance, The, i. 180

Durand de Brie, ii. 127 of Saint-Die, i. 18, 20

Durandal, ii. 75

Duras, Marshal de, ii. 409

Dutaillis, M. Petit, i. lxxiii

EDWARD III, i. 460

Elijah, i. 191, 414, 419

Elincourt, ii. 138

Elisha, i. 342

Embrun, archbishop of, see Jacques Gelu

Emilius, i. 50

Engelide, ii. 31

English, hatred of the, i. 21, 22 occupation of France, i. 21, 23 army driven from France, i. xlvii-xlix hesitates between Angers and Orleans, i. 63 lays siege to Orleans, i. 75 position in France, i. 106 composition of, i. 123, 124 deserters from, i. 124 disorganised by Salisbury's death, i. 130 celebrates Noel, i. 133 plight of, outside Orleans, i. 135 appears in Le Portereau, i. 123, 124 occupies St.-Loup, i. 231 erects worthless bastions, i. 232, 281 privations of, i. 232, 233, 241 summoned by Jeanne to surrender, i. 245, 278, 295, 351 receives Jeanne's letter, i. 273-277 regards Jeanne as a witch, i. 274-277, 310; ii. 121 defends Les Tourelles, i. 296-313 defends Les Augustins, i. 297 leaves Orleans, i. 316 in Jargeau, i. 348, 351, 353 at the battle of Patay, i. 369-376 at Bray-sur-Seine, ii. 8 skirmishes with French, ii. 23 at Jeanne's capture, ii. 152 buys Jeanne, ii. 175, 196 gives her up to the Bishop of Beauvais, ii. 204 tumult at the recantation, ii. 315, 318

Enoch, i. 414

Epictetus, i. lxvii

Epinal, Gerardin d', i. 48, 67, 436; ii. 386 Isabellette d', i. 48, 436 Nicholas d', i. 48, 437

Erard, Guillaume, ii. 208, 257, 294, 329 preaches against Jeanne, ii. 309-314 reads the abjuration, ii. 316

Eratosthenes, i. 322

Erault, Jean, i. 189 examines Jeanne, i. 194 writes at her dictation, i. 196

Escouchy, Mathieu d', i. xx

Estellin, Beatrix, i. 5, 12 Jeannette, ii. 386

Esther, i. xxvi, 339, 382; ii. 27

Estivet, Jean d', ii. 205, 213, 216, 240, 385, 392

Estouteville, Cardinal d', ii. 384

Etampes, i. 137, 368 Count of, i. 381

Eugenius IV, pope, ii. 250, 355, 374, 380

Eure, The, i. 388

Euripides, i. 322

Eve, i. 206

Evreux, i. 124, 139, 366; ii. 23 Bailie of, i. 123

Eymerie, Nicolas, ii. 285

Ezekiel, ii. 230

FABRE, M. Joseph, i. lxii

Failly, Collard, ii. 366

Fair of le Lendit, ii. 49

Fairy lore of Domremy, i. 11

Falconbridge, Baron, i. 123, 375

Fastolf, Sir John, i. 332 convoys victuals, i. 137 at Janville, i. 283 approaches Jargeau, i. 349, 351, 367 plans of, i. 368, 349 at Patay, i. 375 uncertainty of fate of, i. 397, 399

Fauchard, Simon, ii. 392

Fauveau, ii. 95

Fecamp, abbot of, ii. 208, 209, 218, 309, 329

Fecard, Jean, ii. 261

Felix, pope, ii. 381

Feron, Jean, ii. 394

Ferone, Jeanne la, ii. 394, 396

Ferrier, Vincent, i. 412

Fesenzac, i. 38

Feuillet, Gerard, ii. 261

Fiefve, Thomas, ii. 208

Fierbois, i. 102, 475; ii. 139 St. Catherine's Chapel, i. 223-226

Fitz Walter, i. 375

Flamenc, Pierre, i. 337

Flavy, Guillaume de, ii. 34, 132, 141, 147, 193 Louis de, ii. 193

Fleury, i. 114, 288 Jean, ii. 127

Florence, i. 130; ii. 374

Flyeng Hart, The, ii. 26

Foix, Count of, ii. 38

Fontaine-auz-Bonnes-Fees-Notre-Seigneur, romance of, i. 10, 13, 14

Fontaine, Jean de la, ii. 205, 218, 261, 264, 268, 278

Forest of Guise, ii. 145

Forestel, Wavrin du, i. xx

Fort St. George, i. 159

Fosse, Guion du, i. 142

Foucault, Jean, ii. 123 Lord of, ii. 76

Foucquet, Jean, ii. 421

Foug, Geoffrey de, i. 60

Fouquerel, Jean, ii. 45

Fournier, Jean, i. 80, 418 exorcises Jeanne, i. 84-86

France, kingdom of, distressful state of, i. 20, 151

Franciscans, The, i. 220

Franquet d'Arras, prisoner of Jeanne, ii. 124

French army, ii. 21 famine in, i. 425; ii. 3

Fresnay-le-Gelmert, Lord of, i. 174

Fresnoy, Abbe Longlet du, i. lviii

Freycinet, M. de, i. xl

Friar Richard, Jeanne's chaplain, i. 249, 448; ii. 18, 44, 82, 97, 101, 119, 189, 260, 345-347 history of, i. 412 preaches in Paris, i. 413-417; ii. 59 suspects Jeanne of witchcraft, i. 412, 418 at Troyes, i. 422, 424, 430, 434, 435 designs of, ii. 86 at Orleans, ii. 182

Fribourg, i. 70

Friesland, Lady of, i. 401

Froissart, i. xx

Frontey, Guillaume, Vicar of Domremy, i. 47, 48

Furtivolus, i. 471

GABRIEL, Archangel appears to Jeanne, ii. 291

Gaillard, Chateau, ii. 199

Galeliere, la, lord of, i. 174

Gallardon, i. xxxvi; ii. 413

Gamaliel, i. 214

Gambetta, i. xl

Gangres, Council of, i. 197

Garivel, Francois, ii. 387

Gascon's plan to fall on Fastolf's convoy, i. 138

Gascony, i. 149

Gasque of Avignon, la, i. 161, 196

Gath, i. 454

Gatinais, i. 241, 318

Gaucourt, Sire de, Governor of Orleans, i. xxx, 130, 153, 169, 211, 292, 331, 389; ii. 63, 69, 387 obtains supplies, i. 117 lodges Jeanne at Coudray, i. 173 at Blois, i. 243 leads the attack on Les Tourelles, i. 296, 297, 304, 470

Gazette d'Amsterdam, ii. 411

Gelu, Jacques, bishop of Embrun, i. 165, 181, 250, 425; ii. 28, 261 his treatise on Jeanne, i. 165, 180, 320-325 mistrusts Jeanne, i. 181 on Jeanne's captivity, ii. 162

Geneva, i. 167

Germain, Bishop, i. 404

Gerson, Jean, i. lvii, 7, 204; ii. 112, 228, 261 career of, i. 324 his treatise on Jeanne, i. xlix, 326-331; ii. 48, 98

Gervais, Canon, i. 209

Geste des nobles Francois, i. xiv

Gethyn, Sir Richard, i. 123, 139, 366-368

Gevaudan, ii. 165

Ghent, ii. 155

Ghiberti, Lorenzo, ii. 39

Giac, Lord de, i. 146, 150

Gibeaumex, i. 61

Gideon, i. 207, 213; ii. 243 story of, i. 202

Gien, i. 100, 101, 231, 240, 282, 389, 472; ii. 78, 95 French army at, i. xii, xxvi, 394, 396 Jeanne at, i. 143; ii. 75

Giffart, Sir Thomas, i. 310

Girard, Jean, i. 165, 181

Girault, Guillaume, i. 280, 461

Giresme, Nicole de, i. 311

Glacidas, i. 124

Glasdale, William, i. 124, 126, 130, 132, 304, 310 answers Jeanne, i. 276 summoned to surrender, i. 311 death of, i. 312, 471

Gloucester, Duke of, i. 107; ii. 229 marriage of, i. 401, 402

Godefroy, Jean, i. 102, 103

Godons, The, i. 22

Golden Legend, The, i. 207

Goliath, i. 238, 454

Gondrecourt, Castellany of, i. 16 le-Chateau, i. 65

Good Friday, coinciding with the Annunciation, i. 219

Gooseberry Spring, see Fontaine-aux-Bonnes-Fees

Gorcum, Heinrich von, i. xxii, 383, 384

Gorlitz, Elizabeth of, ii. 359

Gottlieben, ii. 200

Gouges, Lord Martin, i. 155

Gough, Matthew, i. 367

Gournay-sur-Aronde, ii. 141, 348

Gouye, Colin, ii. 99

Granier, Pierre, i. 12

Graverent, Jean, Grand Inquisitor, ii. 185, 219, 264, 345

Graville, Lord of, i. 137, 140, 292, 304, 372, 445

Gray, Lord Richard, i. 123, 143

Great Friday, i. 219

Grenoble, Parliament of, i. 165

Gressart, Perrinet, i. 389; ii. 84, 91, 96

Greux, i. 5, 16, 58, 70; ii. 210, 386 situation of, i. 2, 9 freed from tallies, i. 452 Colin de, i. 60

Grey Friars, Neufchateau, monastery of, i. 71, 72, 109

Grey, John, ii. 225, 252

Grignan, Chevalier de, ii. 407

Grognot, Nicolas, ii. 356

Grouchet, Richard de, ii. 249

Gubbio, i. 213

Guerard, Sir Thomas, i. 123, 375

Guesclin, Bertrand du, i. 175, 338, 345; ii. 47

Guesdon, Laurent, ii. 201

Gueuville, Nicolas, ii. 197

Gugen, Arnault de, i. 372, 373

Gui, Bernard, ii. 286

Guido da Forli, i. 385

Guillaume, Jaquet, ii. 126, 127 of Chaumont, i. 121 of Gevaudan, ii. 165-169, 348-351 the Bastard of Poitiers, i. 61 with the White Hands, i. 209

Guillemette de la Rochelle, i. 160 Gerard, i. 76

Guillot de Guyenne, ii. 105

Guitry, i. 121 Lord de, i. 304

Guyenne, held by England, i. 21, 149 a herald, i. 252 detained by the English, i. 273-276, 295

Guyntonia Vaticinium, i. 177

Guyon du Fosse, i. 233

HAINAULT, Countess of, i. 401

Haiton, Guillaume, ii. 218

Halbourd, Jean, i. 275

Halsall, Gilbert, i. 123

Hannequin, Jean, ii. 210

Harancourt, ii. 366

Harcourt, Christophe d', ii. 53, 76 questions Jeanne, i. 333, 334

Harfleur, i. lxiv; ii. 52

Hauviette, i. 77; ii. 386

Hector de Chartres, i. 153, 154; ii. 28

Hellande, Antoine de, i. 459

Hennequins, The, i. 408

Hennins, i. 415

Henri de Savoie, pillages Domremy, i. 27, 28

Henry II of England, i. 159

Henry II of France, ii. 410

Henry V of England, i. lxiv, 21, 22, 60, 162, 176, 281, 359, 401; ii. 208 death of, i. 250, 274 betrothal of, i. 423

Henry VI of England, i. li, 69, 82, 123, 432; ii. 171, 306, 382 minority of, i. 107 resources of, i. 233 summoned to surrender, i. 244-247 to be crowned at Reims, i. 392 at Rouen, ii. 198 coronation of, ii. 350

Henry VI, i. 233

Heraclides Ponticus, i. 322

Heresy, Church's treatment of, i. 190

Heretics burnt at the stake, ii. 100, 237

Hermine, i. 380

Hermit Friars, The, ii. 239

Hermite, Pierre l', i. 165, 181

Herodias, i. 172

Historia Britonum, i. 177

History, art of writing, i. lxviii

Hodierne, Guillaume, i. 440

Holophernes, i. 238, 339, 341

Honecourt, Jean de, i. 96

Hordal, Jean, i. lv

Hospitality, rules of, i. 271; ii. 79

Houppembiere, ii. 140

Houppeville, Nicolas de, ii. 248

Hovecourt, i. 81

Hugh Capet, i. 392

Hungerford, Lord, i. 375

Huns invade Gaul, i. 119

Huss, John, i. 325; ii. 115, 200

Hussites, The, i. xxx, 441; ii. 20, 86 campaign against, ii. 109

ILE-AUX-BOEUFS, i. 112, 113, 267; ii. 377

Ile-aux-Bourdons, i. 112, 258, 265

Ile-aux-Toiles, i. 112, 268, 292, 297

Ile Biche-d'Orge, i. 112

Ile-Charlemagne, i. 112, 302

Ile-de-France, i. lxix, 187, 233; ii. 2, 10, 123, 165 held by England, i. 21

Ile-Jourdain, ii. 38

Ile Martinet, i. 112

Ile Saint-Loup, i. 112

Illiers, Florent d', i. 174, 241, 273, 304, 318, 347, 349

Immerguet, i. 174

Innocent III, pope, ii. 157, 215

Inquisition, The, ii. 157, 176 secrecy of, ii. 211

Invention of the Holy Cross, i. 280

Isabeau of Bavaria, i. 146

Isabella of Lorraine, i. 91

Isle-Adam, Sire de l', ii. 60

JACOB, i. 385 Dominique, i. 65

Jacobins, The, i. 113; ii. 185

Jacqueline of Bavaria, Countess, i. 401, 402

Jacques de Chabannes, i. 129, 136 of Touraine, ii. 95, 235, 246, 288, 294

Jacquier, i. 7

Jadart, M. Henri, i. vii, lxxiv

Jahel, i. 191

Janville, i. 122, 256, 283, 368 English at, i. 371, 376, 377

Jargeau, i. xli, 130, 256, 265, 290-439; ii. 87, 88, 95, 182, 184, 246, 360 French attack on, i. xiv, 332, 349, 355, 362 English occupy, i. 348 Jeanne at, ii. 97, 259

Jarry, M. L., i. vii

Jean IV, Count d'Armagnac asks Jeanne to indicate true pope, ii. 37-43 cruelty of, ii. 38 excommunicated, ii. 40

Jean, Count of Neufchatel, i. 70 Count of Salm, i. 24 de Gand, i. 162 de Metz, i. 81, 87, 222; ii. 386 questions Jeanne, i. 82, 83, 99 accompanies Jeanne, i. 89, 96, 105 at Blois, i. 252 enters Orleans, i. 269 of Saintrailles, i. 121; ii. 21 le Bon, i. 148 warned by the vavasour, i. 163

Jean-Sans-Peur, i. 128

Jeanne d'Arc, authorities for life of, i. vii-xxxiii, lxi mission of, i. xii, xxxix, lx; ii. 231, 279 its political aspect, i. 190, 333; ii. 164 simplicity of, i. xxvii, lx military skill of, i. xxviii, xliii; ii. 82, 391 visionary nature of, i. xxxiii-xxxvii priests' influence on, i. xxxviii, 44-47, 64, 66 virginity of, i. xxviii, 211; ii. 80, 216, 265, 281 character of, i. xxxiii historical reputation of, i. liv portraits of, i. liii, lxii, lxxi, 336; ii. 191, 212, 420-423 birth of, i. 2, 467 parentage of, i. 3 baptism of, i. 4-6 early childhood of, i. 6, 8, 9, 14, 16, 23 education of, i. 8 piety of, i. 9, 48, 80, 339, 463 shares the village rites, i. 14, 15 childhood of, i. 28 first hears Voices, i. 29 recognises St. Michael, i. 29 visited at Domremy by SS. Catherine and Marguerite, i. 43, 47, 57, 75 vows to preserve her virginity, i. 42 her love of bells, i. 43 visited by St. Michael, i. 56, 58 visits Robert de Baudricourt at Vaucouleurs, i. 61-66 prophesies concerning the Dauphin, i. 64, 67, 77, 81 ridiculed, i. 67, 69, 99 suspected of witchcraft, i. 69, 320, 412, 418; ii. 19, 20, 36, 50, 121, 175, 177 at Neufchateau, i. 71-74 summoned to appear at Toul, i. 73 visits Robert de Baudricourt again, i. 77 her second visit to Vaucouleurs, i. 77-89 announces her mission to relieve Orleans, i. 77 declares her mission to the Dauphin, i. 77, 81-84 prophesies her death, i. 78, 333; ii. 15, 203 sent for by the Dauphin, i. 88, 96-105 adopts man's attire, i. 84, 88, 89, 96 exorcised by Jean Fournier, i. 84-86 sent for by Duke of Lorraine, i. 89-95 writes to her parents, i. 95 dictates a letter to the King, i. 145 at Chinon, i. xiii, 156, 185, 423 questioned as to her mission, i. 163, 165 her interviews with Charles, and the Sign, i. 167-173, 183; ii. 262, 264, 269, 295 dress of, i. 169, 197, 329, 339, 356; ii. 147, 179, 192, 221, 240, 244, 258, 268, 276, 280, 295 and the Duke of Alencon, i. 183-186, 195 is taken to Poitiers, i. 185 examined at Poitiers, i. 191-203 her aversion to theologians, i. 194; ii. 221, 223 dictates a manifesto to the English, i. 196 prophesies the coronation at Reims, i. 198, 200 retorts on Seguin, i. 200 foretells the raising of the siege, i. 201 her sign victory itself, i. 202, 214 result of examination at Poitiers, i. 213 miracles attributed to, i. 215, 461-477; ii. 137, 261 sets out for Orleans, i. 216 armour of, i. 216, 221; ii. 76, 83 her chaplain, i. 221 horses of, i. 222, 346; ii. 356 sword of, i. xii, 223, 475; ii. 75-77, 133, 245 standard of, i. 227; ii. 104, 262, 281, 284 at Blois, i. 243 dictates manifestoes to the English from Poitiers and Blois, i. 244 exhorts the French soldiers to repentance, i. 254 her banner, i. 255 leaves Blois for Orleans, i. xiii, 256 misled as to route, i. 258-263 approaches the Bastard, i. 260 her ignorance of Orleans, i. 260 her mission at Orleans, i. 263 prophesies change of wind, i. 264 asks to return to Blois, i. 265 at Checy, i. 267 summons the English to surrender, i. 262, 273, 276, 278, 295, 311, 316, 351 enters Orleans, i. 264-269 leads the Orleannais to the holy places, i. 277 surveys the bastions, i. 279 is offered wine, i. 279 her belief in herself, i. 282, 343; ii. 6, 66, 112 meets the army from Blois, i. 283 jests with the Bastard, i. 283 roused from sleep by her Council, i. 284 at St.-Loup, i. 285-291 her influence in Orleans, i. 291, 319 plans kept from, i. 293 receives counsel in Orleans, i. 295 at Les Tourelles, i. xiii, 296-313 wounded in the foot, i. 300 prophesies her wound, i. 301, 306 prophesies success in Orleans, i. 303 is wounded in the shoulder, i. 306, 314; ii. 246 hears Mass on the Sabbath, i. 315 leaves Orleans for Blois and Tours, i. 318 approved by Gelu, i. 320 approved by Gerson, i. 326-331 urges the King to Reims, i. 333 questioned as to her Voices, i. 334, 341; ii. 229-235, 238, 242, 253, 258, 261, 268, 272, 274, 277, 283, 327, 331-334, 402-406 at Loches, i. 335-338 fame of, i. 336, 381-385; ii. 160-163, 461-477 her prayer for France, i. 336 consulted as a saint, i. 337, 434, 452, 453; ii. 41-43, 81-83, 260, 272 at Selles-en-Berry, i. 338 wishes for prayers for her soul, i. 342 prophesies the English evacuation, i. 344 prophesies to Guy de Laval, i. 346 marches on Jargeau, i. 349-355 receives gifts at Orleans, i. 355, 356 hopes to rescue the captive Duke, i. 357 meets the Constable, i. 364 at Beaugency, i. 364-367 at Patay, i. 369, 376 prophesies victory at Patay, i. 370, 372 at Orleans, i. 377, 396 prophesies the coronation of Charles, i. 378 Constable's plot to seize, i. 379 her loyalty to Charles VII, i. 380 her progress to Reims, i. 385, 403 led by the King's Council, i. 388 at Gien, i. 396 dictates a letter to Tournai, i. 396-400 invites Burgundy to the coronation, i. 400 dictates a letter to Troyes, i. 419, 422 at Troyes, i. 424, 427, 430, 432-434 prophesies victory at Troyes, i. 427 at Chalons, i. 436 at Reims, i. 448-458 dreams of a crown, i. 448, 475; ii. 233, 234, 255, 269 ring of, i. 453; ii. 254 writes to the Duke of Burgundy, i. 456 legends of, i. 463-476 prophecies by, i. 470-477; ii. 355, 356 re the English, i. xvi; ii. 252, 281 writes to Reims, ii. 4-6, 51, 107, 116 political judgment of, ii. 7 betrayed, ii. 16 rides with the scouts, ii. 22 poems in honour of, ii. 25 prophecies relating to, ii. 29-32 personal appearance of, ii. 32 at Compiegne, ii. 36 marches towards Paris, ii. 36-77 replies to the Count d'Armagnac, ii. 43 stands as godmother, ii. 50, 260 Parisian opinion of, ii. 59, 98, 99, 158 summons Paris to surrender, ii. 67, 273 is wounded in the thigh, ii. 69, 72 turned from Paris, ii. 72 drives prostitutes from the army, ii. 74, 75 at Selles-en-Berry, ii. 78-82 at the attack on St.-Pierre-le-Moustier, ii. 85 and Catherine de la Rochelle, ii. 87-90, 101, 183 collects money for the army, ii. 88, 92, 94, 95 at Moulins, ii. 92 writes to Riom, ii. 93, 94 grant of nobility, ii. 102, 212 feted at Orleans, ii. 103 writes to Tours, ii. 104 leases a house in Orleans, ii. 105 at Sully, ii. 106-118 on crusading, ii. 110 her letter to Sigismund, ii. 112 in the trenches of Melun, ii. 122 attempts to exchange prisoners, ii. 124-132 at Senlis, ii. 138 used as a mascotte, ii. 148 at Margny, ii. 148-150 is taken prisoner, ii. 152 attempts escape from Beaulieu, ii. 160 prayers for deliverance of, ii. 161-163 claimed by Cauchon, ii. 170-178, 181, 195, 197, 204 at Beaurevoir, ii. 178 leaps from the Tower, i. xix; ii. 181, 261, 273, 275, 295, 405 writes to Tournai, ii. 189 at Arras, ii. 191-196, 420 taken to Rouen, ii. 196-198 in prison at Rouen, ii. 198-204, 212-217 information against, ii. 210-212, 239 her wish to escape, ii. 225, 276 becomes a prisoner of the Church, ii. 225 preliminary trial, i. viii, xxiii, lii; ii. 221-284 place of trial of, ii. 227, 247 her letter to the English, ii. 231 illness of, ii. 220-242, 289 refuses to reveal the King's secret, ii. 245, 262, 264, 295 trial of, pronounced illegal, ii. 246-248 her letter to the Count d'Armagnac, ii. 250 does not speak to the priests of her visions, ii. 266 charges against, ii. 275, 287-289, 291, 295, 300-305 would appeal to the pope, ii. 282, 312 is offered an advocate, ii. 284-286 trial in ordinary, ii. 284-322 sustained by her Voices, ii. 289, 291 her desire for the sacraments, ii. 290 in the torture chamber, ii. 292 deserted by her friends, i. liv; ii. 297 exhorted by Maurice, ii. 305-307 refuses to recant, ii. 307, 313 preached at by Erard, ii. 308-314 sentence against, ii. 314 recants, ii. 315-319 English resume possession of, ii. 321 resumes woman's attire, ii. 322 resumes man's attire, ii. 324 retracts her recantation, ii. 325-328 is told of her death, ii. 380 second recantation of, i. ix, xxvii; ii. 331 confesses and receives the Sacrament, ii. 333 is burnt at the stake, ii. 335-342 trial for rehabilitation, i. xxvi-xxxii, xlii; ii. 384-392 medical opinion on, ii. 401-406

Jeanne of Evreux, i. 395 de Valois, Queen, i. 395 du Lys, Claude de Metz, impersonates Jeanne d'Arc, ii. 353-376 the Maid of Sermaize, ii. 392, 393

Jeremiah, i. 414 image carved by, i. 219

Jerusalem, i. 186, 249 Queen of, see Yolande

Jesus Christ, i. 207

Jhesus-Maria on the standard, i. 227 on letters, i. 245, 295, 397, 419, 456; ii. 43, 281 on Jeanne's ring, i. 452

Joachim, Francois, i. 348

Joash, i. xl, 202

John, Count of Porcien, see the Bastard of Orleans Duke of Brittany, caution of, i. 379-381 Duke of Burgundy, murder of, i. 21, 400, 422; ii. 17 King of France, i. xxxvi, 63; ii. 54 XXIII, Pope, i. 153

Joinville, Jeanne de, inherits Bourlemont, i. 14, 19, 27 Chateau de, i. 27, 98

Jonah, i. 344

Joshua, ii. 27

Journal du Siege, Le, i. xiii

Jouvenel des Ursins, Jean, i. lxiv, 187, 192, 408; ii. 385

Judas Maccabaeus, i. 328

Judith, i. 165, 191, 238, 328, 339, 341, 382; ii. 27, 87, 367

Julien, hill of, i. 2

Jumieges, Abbot of, ii. 208, 209, 309

Justin, i. 205

KALT EYSEN, Heinrich, ii. 364

Kennedy, Lord Hugh, i. 218; ii. 124

Kermoisan, Thudal de, i. 347, 363

Kernanna, i. xxxv

King's Evil, i. 459

Kiriel, Sir Thomas, ii. 348

Kyrthrizian, Richard, i. 224

L'AVERDY, i. vii, lix

La Beauce, i. lxix, 108, 112, 121, 131, 134, 318, 233, 241, 255, 354 plain of, i. 163 route through, i. 259, 282, 371

La Belle d'Anjou, i. 184

La Bergere, i. 348, 350

La Bougue, ii. 95

La Chapelle, ii. 50, 63, 70

La Charite, i. 389; ii. 84, 164, 167, 272 siege of, ii. 90, 94, 96, 103, 261

La Croix-Boissee, i. 134, 143

La Croix-Morin, i. 278

La Ferte-Milon, ii. 10, 16, 60

La Ferte-sous-Jouarre, ii. 408

La Grange-aux-Ormes, ii. 353, 357, 375

La Hire, i. 105, 115, 137, 139, 141, 149, 267, 273, 347, 450, 465; ii. 22, 68, 196, 199, 348, 387 ravages Bar, i. 24, 26 comes to Orleans, i. 129 bribed by Tours, i. 218 at Blois, i. 244 meets the army from Blois, i. 283 in Orleans, i. 292, 298, 304 pursues the English, i. 316 at Jargeau, i. 351 at Patay, i. 369, 372 on the way to Reims, i. 403

La Joyeuse, i. 75

La Lomagne, ii. 38

La Motte-Nangis, ii. 38

La Perruque, M., ii. 414, 415

La Petite Ancelle, ii. 93

La Porete, ii. 237, 294

La Pucelle, ii. 93, 390

La Retreve, i. 373, 374

La Roche-St.-Quentin, i. 217

La Rochelle, i. xviii, 240, 319, 360; ii. 87

La Romee, i. 177

La Rousse, i. 70

La Sologne, i. 108, 113, 123, 131 route through, i. 256, 259, 283, 284

La Tremouille, Sire de, i. x, xlix, 146, 363, 379, 446, 450; ii. 53, 84, 106 King's favourite, i. 147, 152, 155, 169, 253 at Chinon, i. 184 starts for Reims, i. 403 bribed by Auxerre, i. 406 governs Compiegne, ii. 35, 44, 45 before Paris, ii. 69, 72 held to ransom, ii. 91 Jeanne in charge of, ii. 109, 119 tries a substitute for Jeanne, ii. 163-169 taken prisoner, ii. 351

La Tour-d'Auvergne, Baron, i. 137, 140

La Valette, Comte de, ii. 415

Laban, i. 385

Labrousse, Suzette, i. xxxv

Lactantius, i. 205, 322

Ladvenu, Martin, i. xxvi; ii. 329, 330, 333, 389

Lagny-sur-Marne, i. xxxi, xlvi; ii. 78, 147, 211, 261, 371 Jeanne at, ii. 123, 133-137

Laiguise, Gille, i. 408 Huet, i. 408 Jean, policy of, i. 408-411, 428

Lancon, ii. 412

Lang, Mr. Andrew, i. v

Langeais, i. 150

Langres, Bishop of, i. 447; ii. 309

Langlois, Jean, i. 240 M. E., i. lxxiv

Languedoc, i. 117, 154

Laon, i. 50, 189, 460; ii. 4, 11, 358 Duke of, i. 447

Lapau, i. 217

Laplace, i. lxviii

Lassois, Durand, i. 59, 60, 66, 75, 76, 88, 89; ii. 240, 386

Lattes, i. 210

Launoy, Jean de, i. lv

Laval, Andre de, i. 345, 364; ii. 9, 394 Anne de, i. 338 chateau of, i. 345; ii. 393, 396 family, The, i. 243 Dame Jeanne de, i. 338, 346; ii. 47, 394 Guy de, i. 346, 364, 372, 446, 450; ii. 9, 47, 63, 394

Lavisse, M. Ernest, i. lxxiii

Le Boucher, Marie, ii. 36

Le Brun de Charmettes, i. lxi

Le Dunois, i. 318

Le Fevre de St.-Remy, i. xx

Le Jouvencel, i. 241; ii. 133

Le Langart, Jean, i. 5

Le Lendit, Fair of, ii. 49

Le Macon, Robert, i. xlii, 153, 211

Le Maistre, Husson, i. 451

Le Mans, i. 115, 134, 231, 240, 287 Bishop of, ii. 383, 394 Maid of, ii. 394-396

Les Martinets, i. 26

Les Montils, Chateau of, ii. 396

Le Petit, ii. 99

Le Portereau, i. 292, 300 Orleannais at, i. 301, 302, 307

Le Sourd, ii. 99

Le Vauseul, Aveline, i. 59, 60 Jeanne, i. 59

Les Augustins, Battle of, i. xiv

Les-Douze-Pierres, i. 134

Lebuin, Michel, i. 67

Lecamus de Beaulieu, i. 147; ii. 332

Leclerc, Jean, i. 348

Lecourt, Gille, i. 224

Lefevre, Gervaise, ii. 95 Jean, ii. 238, 388

Lefevre-Pontalis, M. Germain, i. v, vii, xxi, xxii, lxii

Legends of Jeanne, i. xxii, liv

Legros, M., ii. 417

Leliis, Theodore de, i. xxiii

Lemaistre, Jean, ii. 219, 221, 228, 264, 343, 388

Lenisoles, Jean de, ii. 310

Lenten observances, i. 156-158

Leparmentier, Mauger, ii. 293

Leprestre, Jacques, i. 279; ii. 104, 361

Leroyer, Catherine, i. 79, 80, 84, 86, 97 Henri, i. 79, 97; ii. 240, 357, 386

Lettree, i. 435

Levy, MM. Calmann, i. lxxiv

Liebault de Baudricourt, i. 24, 61

Liege, ii. 194

Lignerolles, i. 373, 374, 375

Ligny, David de Brimeu, Lord of, i. 458; ii. 51, 91, 140 Jeanne in charge of, ii. 191

Lille, i. lxxiv

Limousin, i. 200

Lingui, Jean, i. 5

Lisieux, ii. 209 Bishop of, ii. 382

Loches, ii. 361 Jeanne at, i. 335-338

Laetare Sunday, i. 13, 156

Logic, picture of, i. 382

Loheac, Marshal of, ii. 98

Lohier, Jean, ii. 246-248

Loire, The, i. 100, 112; ii. 4

Loiret, The, i. lxxiv, 111-113

Loiseleur, Nicolas, at the trial of Jeanne, ii. 208, 210, 213, 238, 242, 246, 252, 293, 308, 314, 329, 331, 334 at Bale, ii. 379-381

Lombard, Jean, examines Jeanne, i. 189, 193

London, fort, i. 134, 231 Tower of, i. 359

Longueville, i. 450; ii. 208, 387 Duc de, i. lvi Prior of, ii. 309, 319

Lore, Lord Ambrose de, i. 243, 258, 267, 292, 316, 434; ii. 76, 123

Lorraine, i. 389 a herald, ii. 155 Charles II, Duke of, i. 14, 18; ii. 1, 9, 81, 231 makes war on La Hire, i. 24 sends for Jeanne, i. 89-95

Louis I of Bourbon, ii. 91, 96, 106

Louis VIII, i. 443

Louis XI, i. xviii, lxxi

Louis XIV, i. xxxvi; ii. 409-412

Louis XVIII, i. xxxvi; ii. 414-419

Louis, Dauphin, i. 221; ii. 39 betrothed to Margaret of Scotland, i. 83

Louis, Duke of Orleans, i. 128, 144, 161, 325 death of, i. 358

Louis of Luxembourg, ii. 60

Louis the Fat, i. 392

Louvet, President, i. 155

Louviers, ii. 348, 370

Louvois, M. de, ii. 408

Lowe, Nicole, ii. 354, 356

Lozere Mountains, ii. 165, 348

Luce, Simeon, i. vii, xxxi, lxii

Luciabelus, ii. 111

Lucifer, ii. 111

Lucius, Pope, ii. 336

Lucon, i. 399

Lude, Sire du, i. 353

Luillier, Jean, i. xxvi, 280, 356; ii. 386

Luneville, ii. 136

Luxembourg, Dame Jeanne de, ii. 178, 190, 359, 362, 365 Jean de, i. xi; ii. 51, 299 Count of Ligny, ii. 140, 143, 149 Jeanne in charge of, ii. 154, 159, 172, 177, 188-191, 196 visits her at Rouen, ii. 202

Luys, Doctor, i. xxvi

Luzarches, i. 103

Lyon, i. xxiii; ii. 410 Les Celestins, i. 324

Lyonnais, i. 149

Lyonnel, ii. 152

Lys, Du, i. xvii; see Jean and Pierre d'Arc

MACHECOUL, i. xvi; ii. 370

Machet, Gerard, i. xlii, 1, 9, 204, 333; ii. 379 circulates prophecies of Jeanne, i. 196, 197

Macon, Jean de, i. 189, 280, 281

Macy, Aimond de, ii. 179, 202

Magala, i. 454

Maguelonne, Bishop of, i. 163 examines Jeanne, i. 188

Maille, Sire de, i. 446

Mailly, Jean de, ii. 388

Maine, i. 21, 106, 387; ii. 383

Maintenon, Mme. de, ii. 412

Mainz, Diet of, ii. 381

Maire, Guillaume le, i. 189 examines Jeanne, i. 193

Manchon, Guillaume, ii. 205, 218, 227, 247, 257, 324, 389

Mandrakes, i. 415; ii. 255

Mantes, i. 310; ii. 348

Manuel, Nicolas, i. lxxi Pierre, ii. 201

Marchenoir, i. 255, 318

Marechal, Humbert, i. 465

Margaret of Scotland, i. 83, 167

Margny, ii. 164, 145, 146, 153 attack on, ii. 148-150

Marguerie, Andre, ii. 324, 329

Marguerite of Bavaria, i. 93

Marie de Maille, i. 161

Marie de Sully, ii. 106

Marie, Queen, i. 181, 217, 395, 396, 458; ii. 78, 119, 182, 395

Marie-Therese, Queen, ii. 407

Marne, The, i. 98; ii. 3, 9

Marseilles, ii. 412

Martin V, Pope, i. 381, 402; ii. 37, 175, 250, 363 policy of, ii. 39 crusaders of, ii. 109, 110

Martin, Henri, i. l

Martin, Ignace Thomas, i. xxxvi mission of, ii. 413-419

Martin, M. le Dr., ii. 413

Martin, M. Paul, ii. 418

Marville, ii. 357, 358, 368

Massieu, Jean, i. xxvi; ii. 206, 218, 228, 256, 261, 312, 317, 319, 326, 333, 338, 340, 389

Mathieu II, of Lorraine, i. 71

Mathurins, The, i. 109, 275; ii. 70

Matthias, Don, i. 121

Maupertuis, i. 229

Maurice, Pierre, ii. 280, 246, 299, 329, 331, 334, 340 exhorts Jeanne, ii. 305-307, 315

Maxentius, the Emperor, i. 36-41

Maxey-sur-Meuse, i. 2, 8, 20, 23, 35

Maxey-sur-Vaise, i. 2, 60

Maximian, ii. 56

Mayenne, The, i. 388

Meaux, i. 410 tree of Vauru, ii. 12

Megret, i. 348

Mehun-sur-Yevre, i. 150, 198; ii. 83, 102, 397

Meledon, Jacques, i. 189, 193

Melun, ii. 3, 71, 120 defenders of, i. 114 Jeanne at, ii. 122

Melusina, i. 12

Mende, Bishop of, i. 404 Mountain, ii. 165

Mengette, ii. 386

Mennot, Robert le, i. 161

Merari, i. 191

Mercier, Catherine le, i. 174

Mercury, i. 166

Merlin, prophecies of, i. 10, 175-177, 275; ii. 27, 30, 240, 391 story of, i. 175

Mesnage, Mathieu, i. 189

Messire, Jeanne's use of, i. 64 Jeanne as the herald of, i. 261, 262

Metz, ii. 354, 357, 365, 374 Bishop of, i. 18 war against, i. 92

Meung-sur-Loire, i. xli, 127, 130, 255, 256, 366, 439; ii. 23 English retreat to, i. 316, 318, 332, 362, 366, 371 French take, i. 368

Meurthe, The, i. 89

Meuse, course of the, i. 1, 2

Meyer, M. Paul, i. lxxiii

Micah, ii. 411

Michel, Francois, farrier, mission of, i. xxxvi; ii. 407-412

Michelet, i. lxi

Midi, Nicolas, ii. 208, 246, 261, 287, 294, 337, 392

Midianites, i. 202

Mielot, Jean, i. 35

Milan, i. 221, 384 Duke of, i. 399; ii. 374

Milbeau, Yves, questions Jeanne, i. 380, 418

Minerva, i. lxxii

Minet, Jean, Vicar of Domremy, i. 4

Minguet, i. 174

Minier, Pierre, ii. 248

Miriam, i. 327, 330

Mitry, Lord of, i. 174

Molandon, Boucher, de, i. vii

Moleyns, Lord, i. 304, 310, 312

Molyns, William, i. 124, 130

Moniteur, Le, i. lx

Monks spread legends of Jeanne, i. 212 join the armies, i. 254

Monmouth, i. 275

Monod, M. Gabriel, i. v

Monstrelet, Enguerrand de, i. xix; ii. 153

Montacute, Thomas, see Salisbury, Earl of

Montaing, i. 128

Montalcin, Jean de, i. 167

Montan, the hermit, i. 50

Montargis, i. 121, 282, 311, 403; ii. 8, 421 siege of, i. 129, 132 Governor of, i. 144, 169

Montbeliard-Saarbruck, Jean de, i. 436

Monteclaire, i. 16

Montendre, i. 144

Montepilloy, i. xx; ii. 21, 65

Montereau, Bridge of, i. 21, 146, 166, 379, 400; ii. 8, 16, 17, 19, 52, 58, 352

Montesclere, Jean de, i. xiv, 132, 143, 298, 299, 366; ii. 193

Montfaucon, ii. 87, 88, 127, 184

Montgomery, Lord, ii. 144

Montier-en-Saulx, i. 65, 98

Montigny-le-Roi, i. 58

Montjoie, i. 435

Montmaillard, i. 116

Montmedy, ii. 136

Montmirail, ii. 3

Montmorency, Sire de, ii. 73

Montpellier, i. 163, 210, 240

Montpensier, Count of, ii. 91

Montpipeau, i. 256 burnt by the English, i. 377

Montremur, Raymon de, ii. 96

Mont-Saint-Michel-au-Peril-de-la-Mer, Abbey of, i. 30; ii. 208, 309

Morant, Pierre, ii. 128, 130

Morcellet, Sire de, ii. 133

Morel, Aubert, ii. 293 Jean, godfather of Jeanne, i. 5, 12, 436; ii. 386

Moreau, Jean, ii. 182, 210

Morhier, Sir Simon, i. 139; ii. 57

Morieau, Raulin, i. 451

Morin, Jourdain, i. 189

Mortemart, Abbot of, ii. 309

Mortemer, ii. 208 Jeanne de, i. 211

Moselle, The, ii. 353

Moses, i. 207, 327, 414; ii. 27

Moslant, Philibert de, i. 124, 432, 433, 438

Moulins, i. 240; ii. 13 Jeanne at, ii. 92

Mount Ganelon, ii. 146 Sombar, i. 30 Tombe, i. 30

Mousque, Maitre, i. 166

Mugot, i. 174, 285, 306

Munoz, Gil, ii. 40

Musnier, Simonin, i. 7

Myrmidons, The, i. 382

Mystere du Siege, Le, i. xiv

NOTRE Dame d'Amiens, ii. 197 d'Ancis, i. 137 des Ardents, ii. 134 des-Aviots, ii. 136 de Bermont, i. 9, 14, 48 de Clery, i. 127, 288 de Fierbois, ii. 76 de Liance or Liesse, ii. 358 de-la-Pierre, ii. 195 de-la-Voute, i. 80

Nancy, i. 14, 68, 89, 93, 95

Nantes Bridge, i. xvi

Napoleon Bonaparte, i. lix

Narbonne, Council of, i. 318; ii. 320

Nations, union of, i. lxvii

Nativity of the B.V.M., ii. 62

Naundorf, ii. 419

Navarre, College of, ii. 394

Naviel, Jean, ii. 192

Nebuchadnezzar, i. 325, 409

Nennius, i. 322

Nettles, i. 356

Neufchateau, i. 5, 11, 163, 436 situation of, i. 1, 2 people of Domremy shelter at, i. 70

Neufchatel, i. 70

Nevers, i. 410

Neville, William, i. 123

Nicanor, i. 322

Nicolas V, Pope, ii. 384

Nicolazic, Yves, i. xxxv

Nicole de Giresme, i. 264

Nicopolis, i. 249, 253, 457; ii. 110

Nider, Jean, ii. 366

Noel, feast of, i. 133

Nogent-sur-Seine, i. 438; ii. 52

Noirouffle, ii. 193

Nolhac, M. Pierre de, ii. 422

Nonnette, ii. 20

Normandy, held by England, i. 21, 233 war in, i. 385, 387 French lose, ii. 23, 24 French conquest of, ii. 382

Norwich, Bishop of, ii. 309

Nostradamus, i. xxxvi; ii. 409, 410

Novelompont, Jean de, i. xxix, xxx, 81; ii. 386

Noviant, Dame de, i. 174

Noyon, Bishop of, i. 447; ii. 144, 299, 309, 388

Nucelles, Lord of, i. 123

Nuremberg, i. 221

Nyssa, i. 206

OGIVILLER, Chateau d', i. 19 Henri d', i. 19

Oise, The, ii. 44, 142, 145

Olet Stone, i. 115

Olibrius, Governor, i. 32-34; ii. 53

Olivet, i. 111, 113, 258

Olivier, Richard, ii. 385

Or, Mme. d', i. 433

Oriflamme, i. 182

Origen, i. 205

Orleans, i. xxii, 63, 410; ii. 4, 360, 386 administration of, prior to siege, i. 115 Bishop of, i. 447 citizens and garrison of, i. 122 description of, i. 108-114 Jeanne's house in, ii. 105 citizens of, buy off the English, i. 106 prepare for war, i. 116-121 refuse to surrender, i. 122 destroy their suburbs, i. 131 celebrate Noel, i. 133 send to the Duke of Burgundy, i. 142 hear of the Maid, i. 144 lose faith in their defenders, i. 230, 242, 281 pillage St.-Laurent, i. 234 penitence of, i. 236 their belief in Jeanne, i. 239, 461 welcome Jeanne, i. 268-273, 277; ii. 103 rebel against the knights, i. 272 overestimate the English forces, i. 280-282, 301 attack St.-Loup, i. 284-291 attack Les Tourelles, i. 296-313 poverty of, i. 331 recognise Jeanne as their commander, i. 339, 348, 366; ii. 84 defray expedition to Jargeau, i. 347; and to Beaugency, i. 366 their gifts to Jeanne, i. 355 defray costs, ii. 94 welcome Jeanne's impersonator, ii. 360, 367 City of: Aumone, i. 230 Bouchet Wharf, i. 258 Chesneau, i. 109, 125, 132, 311 Ecu St.-Georges, i. 241 Field of St.-Prive, i. 134 Hotel de la Pomme, i. 122 Ile de Charlemagne, i. 134 Ile Motte des Poissonniers, i. 111, 112 Ile Motte S.-Antoine, i. 111, 112 La Belle Croix, i. 111, 126, 295, 311 Jeanne at, i. 276 La Croix Boissee, i. 278 Le Portereau, i. 111, 112, 123, 131 Les Augustins, i. 261, 292 capture of, i. 297, 319 Les Tourelles, i. xviii, xxx, xli, 111, 124, 261, 362; ii. 149, 194 attack on, i. 125, 292, 296-313, 319, 461, 470 abandoned by French, i. 126 English garrison in, i. 130 London, i. 231, 281, 303 Olivet, i. 123 Paris, i. 231, 281, 283 attacked, i. 273 Pont Jacquemin-Rousselet, i. 111 Porte Bernier or Bannier, i. 110, 113, 122, 136 Porte de Bourgogne, i. 113, 120, 135, 258, 286, 296, 470 Jeanne enters by, i. 268, 269 Porte Paris, i. 110, 288 Porte du Pont, i. 110, 111, 276 Porte Renard, i. 114, 270, 278, 286, 302 stormed, i. 135, 136 Porte S.-Aignan, i. 110 Rouen, i. 231 Rue Aux-Petits-Souliers, i. 132; ii. 105 Rue de la Rose, i. 270, 294 Rue des Hotelleries, i. 130 Rue des Talmeliers, i. 270 S.-Aignan, i. 113, 120, 131 Ste.-Croix, i. 236, 270 S.-Euverte, i. 131 S.-Jean-de-Bray, i. 113 S.-Jean-le-Blanc, i. 113, 124 S.-Ladre, Chapel of, i. 113 S.-Laurent-des-Orgerils, see under St.-Laurent St.-Loup, see under St.-Loup S.-Michel, Church of, i. 113 St.-Paul, i. 258 St.-Pierre-Empont, i. 258 S.-Pierre-Ensentelee, i. 113 St.-Pouair, i. 262; attacked, i. 273 S.-Sulpice, i. 115 Tour de l'Abreuvoir, i. 110 Tour de la Barre-Flambert, i. 110 Tour Croiche-Meuffroy, i. 110 Tour Neuve, i. 109, 111, 125, 268, 297 Tour de Notre Dame, i. 110, 126 Tour Regnard, i. 110 Tour St.-Antoine, i. 111 Tour S. Samson, i. 110, 115 University of, i. 121 Siege of, i. xli journal of, i. xiii defences of, i. xli surrounded by English, i. 75 victuals sent by Mme. Yolande, i. 92 procession in, i. 123 first attack, i. 125 attack by Talbot, i. 132 semi-investment of, i. 134 sally from, i. 137 victuals enter, i. 232 Burgundians leave, i. 234 raised, i. 316 cost of, i. 332