The action of a piano, like any other delicate piece of machinery, should be carefully examined, and, if necessary, adjusted each time it is tuned. The hammers need occasional and careful attention to preserve original tone quality and elasticity. Never allow the piano to be beaten or played hard upon. This is ruinous to both the action and tuning. When not in use the music rack and top should be closed to exclude dust. The keyboard need never be closed, as the ivory needs both light and ventilation and will eventually turn yellow unless left open.

The case demands careful treatment to preserve its beauty and polish, Never use anything other than a soft piece of cotton cloth or cheese cloth to dust it with. Never wipe it with a dry chamois skin or silk cloth. Silk is not as soft as cotton and will scratch. A dry chamois skin picks up the dust and grit and gradually scours off the fine finish. In dusting never use a feather duster, nor rub the piano hard with anything. The dust should be whipped off, and not rubbed into the varnish. If the piano is dingy, smoky or dirty looking, it should be washed carefully with lukewarm water with a little ammonia in it to soften it. Never use soap. Use nothing but a small, soft sponge and a chamois skin. Wipe over a small part at a time with the sponge, following quickly with the wet chamois skin wrung out of the same water. This will dry it immediately and leave it as beautiful and clean as new. Never use patent polishes. If your piano needs polishing employ a competent polisher to give it a hand-rubbing friction polish.



The highest mountain on the globe is not, as is generally supposed, Mt. Everest, that honor belonging to a lofty peak named Mt. Hercules on the Isle of Papua, New Guinea, discovered by Capt. Lawson in 1881, According to Lawson, this monster is 32,763 feet in height, being 3,781 feet higher than Mt. Everest, which is only 29,002 feet above the level of the Indian Ocean.

[Transcriber's Note: The highest point in New Guinea is Puncak Jaya (Mount Carstensz or the Carstensz Pyramid), at 16,023 feet.]



SALT-RISING BREAD.

The real formula for making salt-rising bread, as set down by the daughter of Governor Stubbs, of Kansas, and by him communicated to Theodore Roosevelt, is as follows, according to the "Saturday Evening Post":

"On the night before you contemplate this masterpiece of baking take half a cupful of corn meal and a pinch each of salt and sugar. Scald this with new milk heated to the boiling point and mix to the thickness of mush. This can be made in a cup. Wrap in a clean cloth and put in a warm place overnight.

"In the morning, when all is ready, take a one-gallon stone jar and into this put one scant cupful of new milk. Add a level teaspoonful of salt and one of sugar. Scald this with three cupfuls of water heated to the boiling point. Reduce to a temperature of one hundred and eight degrees with cold water, using a milk thermometer to enable you to get exactly the right temperature. Then add flour and mix to a good batter; after the batter is made, mix in your starter that was made the night before. Cover the stone jar with a plate and put the jar in a large kettle of water and keep this water at a temperature of one hundred and eight degrees until the sponge rises. It should rise at least an inch and a half. When it has raised mix to a stiff dough, make into loaves and put into pans. Do not let the heat get out of the dough while working. Grease the loaves well on top and set your bread where it will be warm and rise. After the loaves rise bake in a medium oven for one hour and ten minutes. When you take the loaves from the oven wrap them in a bread-cloth."



A CURE FOR LOVE.

Take twelve ounces of dislike, one pound of resolution, two grains of common sense, two ounces of experience, a large sprig of time, and three quarts of cooling water of consideration. Set them over a gentle fire of love, sweeten it with sugar of forgetfulness, skim it with the spoon of melancholy, put it in the bottom of your heart, cork it with the cork of clean conscience. Let it remain and you will quickly find ease and be restored to your senses again.

These things can be had of the apothecary at the house of Understanding next door to Reason, on Prudent street.



DOING BUSINESS WITH A BANK

In opening your account with a bank it is proper that you should first be introduced to the cashier, or some other official. If you are engaged in business, that officer will inquire as to your particular business or calling, your address, etc., and unless he is already satisfied on this point, he may make inquiries as to your business standing. This being satisfactory, he will hand you a passbook, and some deposit tickets, whereupon you make your first deposit, entering the amount on the ticket. You will then be asked to write your signature in a book provided for that purpose, or upon a card to be filed away for reference.

The Signature.

This signature should be just as you intend to use it in all your dealings with the bank. If, for instance, your name is John Henry Smith, you may write it J. H. Smith, J. Henry Smith. John H. Smith or John Henry Smith, but whatever form you adopt should be used all the time. Once having adopted the form, it should be maintained in exactly that way. The only excuse for variation from your usual signature is when presenting checks or other paper made payable to you. In that case, supposing you had adopted the form J. Henry Smith for your regular signature, and the check is made payable to John H. Smith, you should first write on the back of that check "John H. Smith," and immediately under this you should place your regular signature.

Depositing Money.

When making a deposit, always use the deposit ticket provided by the bank, filling it out yourself in ink. From this ticket, which is first checked up by the receiving teller, the amount of your deposit is placed to your credit. Do not ask the teller to fill our your deposit ticket. No doubt he would be glad to accommodate you, but to do so would violate a rule which protects both the bank and the depositor, Deposit tickets are preserved by the bank, and often serve to correct mistakes.

How to Avoid Mistakes.

Consider for a moment the vast aggregate of bank transactions, and you will see that perfect system on the part of the banks and bank officials is required to insure accuracy and avoid mistakes. Sometimes the requirements of the banks may seem arbitrary and troublesome, but reflection will show that they safeguard the depositor as well as the bank. The simple rules here laid down will enable anyone who has business with a bank to do so with the least trouble and with absolute safety.

How to Make Out a Check.

Checks are the most satisfactory and most convenient method of paying a debt or making any ordinary remittance. The stub of your check book will furnish a permanent memorandum, and when the check is canceled and returned to you by the bank, it is an indisputable evidence that the debt has been paid, or that the remittance has been made. The making of a check is a simple matter, but even the best business men make mistakes sometimes which are as difficult to remedy as they are easy to avoid. The hints here given and the facsimiles of checks printed in illustration will repay careful study.



The first facsimile shows a check properly made. It will be seen, in the first place, that this check is written very plainly, and that there is no room for the insertion of extra figures or words. The writing of the amount commences as nearly as possible to the extreme left of the check. The figures are written close together and there is no space between the first figure and the dollar mark.

All erasures in checks should be avoided. If you have made a mistake, tear a blank check from the back of your check book and use that in place of the one spoiled.

Some business men allow their clerks to fill out checks on the typewriter. This is ill-advised for two reasons: First, it is much easier to alter a typewritten check than one filled in with a pen; in the second place, a teller, in passing on the genuineness of a check, takes into consideration the character of the handwriting in the body of the check as well as in the signature. The typewritten characters offer no clue to individuality.

Never mail a check drawn to "Bearer." Remember that if your check is made payable to "Bearer" or to "John Smith or Bearer" it may be cashed by anybody who happens to have it. Unless it is for a large amount the paying teller of your bank will look only to see whether your signature is correct, and, that being right, the bank cannot be held responsible if the check should have come into the wrong hands.

A check drawn to order can be cashed only when the person to whose order it has been drawn has indorsed it by writing his or her name on the back and the bank will be responsible for the correctness of the indorsement.

If you make your check payable say, to William Armstrong or order, nobody but William Armstrong, or some one to whom he indorses the check, can collect the amount, and if through fraud or otherwise some one not entitled to it gets the money which the check calls for, the responsibility is not yours, but the bank's. It is for that reason that bankers and business men use such great care in accepting checks.



For the same reason you should never accept a check from anybody whom you do not know as responsible, and you should not be surprised or angered if some one else should hesitate to take a check from you.

Checks or drafts received by you should be deposited as soon as possible. Should you receive a check for a considerable amount and have no convenient bank account, you should go to the bank on which the check is drawn and have the cashier certify it by stamping "Accepted" or "Certified" across the face over his signature. That formality makes the paper as good as money so long as the bank accepting it is solvent.

It sometimes happens that a check drawn in good faith by a responsible party is withheld so long by the person receiving it that there is no money to the account when the check is finally presented.

Paying Notes and Acceptances.

Make your notes and accepted drafts payable at the bank where you do business. Whether it or other banks hold them for collection, they will be presented to your bank when due.

Pay your notes, etc., on the day they fall due, and early in the day if convenient, or leave a check for the amount with your bank on the day before your paper matures. Banks will not pay notes or drafts without instructions.

Keep a careful record of the days of maturity of all your paper. Banks usually notify all payers a few days beforehand when their paper matures, but this is only courtesy on their part and not an obligation.

Exchange.

"Exchange" means funds in other cities made available by bankers' drafts on such places. These drafts afford the safest and cheapest means for remitting money. Drafts on New York are worth their face value practically all over the United States in settlement of accounts.

Collections.

A draft is sometimes the most convenient form for collecting an account. The prevalence of the custom is due to the fact that most men will wait to be asked to pay a debt. If a draft is a time draft it is accepted by the person on whom it is drawn by writing his name and date across the face. This makes it practically a note, to be paid at maturity.

Notes or drafts that you desire to have collected for you by your bank should be left at the bank several days before they are due, so as to give ample time to notify the payers.

Borrowing.

Banks are always willing to loan their funds to responsible persons within reasonable limits. That is what they exist for. There is, of course, a limit to the amount a bank may loan, even on the best known security, but the customer of the bank is entitled to and will receive the first consideration.

The customer should not hesitate, when occasion requires, to offer to the bank for discount such paper as may come into his hands in the course of business, if, in his opinion, the paper is good. At the same time he should not be offended if his bank refuses to take it even without giving reasons.

Indorsing Checks, Etc.

When depositing checks, drafts, etc., see that they are dated properly and that the written amounts and figures correspond. The proper way to indorse a check or draft—this also applies to notes and other negotiable paper—is to write your name upon the back about one inch from the top. The proper end may be determined in this way: As you read the check, holding one end in each hand, draw the right hand toward you, and turn the check over. The end which is then farthest from you is the top. If, however, the check, draft or note has already been indorsed by another person, you should write your name directly under the other indorsement, even if that is on the wrong end. If your own name on the face of the check, draft or note is misspelled, or has the wrong initials, but if the paper is clearly intended for you, you should first write your name as it appears on the face, and under it your regular signature. You should indorse every check you deposit, even though it be payable to bearer.

Mistakes in Banking.

Mr. Samuel Woods, a member of the American Institute of Bank Clerks, recently contributed to Munsey's Magazine an interesting article on the subject of "Mistakes in Banking." From this we are permitted by the courtesy of the publishers of Munsey's to reproduce two of the facsimiles shown.

One wrong word, or figure, or letter—the right thing in the wrong way or the wrong place—the scratch of an eraser or the alteration of a word—or any one of these things, in the making or cashing of a check, is liable to become as expensive as a racing automobile.

The paying teller of a bank, says Mr. Woods, must keep his eyes open for new dangers as well as old ones. The cleverest crooks in the country are pitting their brains against his. After he has learned the proper guard for all the well-known tricks and forgeries it is still possible that an entirely new combination may leave him minus cash and plus experience.

But it is not the unique and novel swindle that is most dangerous, either to a bank or an individual. It is the simple, ordinary mistake or the time-worn trick that makes continuous trouble. Apparently, every new generation contains a number of dishonest people who lay the same traps, and a number of careless people who fall into these traps in the same old way.

Check-Raising Made Easy.

One of the first lessons, for instance, that a depositor should learn before he is qualified to own a check-book is to commence writing the amount as near as possible to the extreme left of the check. Those who forget this are often reminded of it in a costly way. Some one "raises" their checks by writing another figure in front of the proper amount. "Five hundred" might be "raised" to "twenty-five hundred" in this way, even by an unskilled forger.

The highest court has recently decided that a bank cannot be held responsible, when it pays a "raised" check, if the maker of the check failed in the first place to write it out correctly. The treasurer of the Bath Electric Company, of Bath, Maine, had written a check for one hundred dollars, which was raised to eighty-one hundred dollars and cashed. The court held that the company, and not the bank, should lose the eight thousand dollars, because of the "gross carelessness" in drawing up the check. Facsimiles showing the check as originally written and as it looked when paid are here reproduced.

Altered Words and Figures.

The altered check is the bane of the paying teller's profession, and it is the general practice in conservative banks to accept no checks or other paper which shows signs of erasure or alteration in either words or figures.



THE NAMES OF THE STATES.

Alabama—Indian; meaning "Here we rest."

Arkansas"—Kansas," the Indian name for "smoky water," with the French prefix "arc," bow or bend in the principal river.

California—Caliente Fornala, Spanish for "hot furnace," in allusion to the climate.

Colorado—Spanish; meaning "colored," from the red color of the Colorado river.

Connecticut—Indian; meaning "long river."

Delaware—Named in honor of Lord De La Ware.

Florida—Named by Ponce de Leon, who discovered it in 1512, on Easter Day, the Spanish Pascua de Flores, or "Feast of Flowers."

Georgia—In honor of George II. of England.

Illinois—From the Indian "illini," men, and the French suffix "ois," together signifying "tribe of men."

Indiana—Indian land. Iowa—Indian; meaning "beautiful land.'"

Kansas—Indian; meaning "smoky water."

Kentucky—Indian for "at the head of the river," or "the dark and bloody ground."

Louisiana—In honor of Louis XIV. of France.

Maine—From the province of Maine, in France.

Maryland—In honor of Henrietta Maria, queen of Charles I. of England.

Massachusetts—The place of the great hills (the blue hills southwest of Boston).

Michigan—The Indian name for a fish weir. The lake was so called from the fancied resemblance of the lake to a fish trap.

Minnesota—Indian; meaning "sky-tinted water."

Mississippi—Indian; meaning "great father of waters." Missouri—Indian; meaning "muddy."

Nebraska—Indian; meaning "water valley."

Nevada—Spanish; meaning "snow-covered," alluding to the mountains.

New Hampshire—From Hampshire county, England.

New Jersey—In honor of Sir George Carteret, one of the original grantees, who had previously been governor of Jersey Island.

New York—In honor of the Duke of York.

North and South Carolina—Originally called Carolina, in honor of Charles IX. of France.

Ohio—Indian; meaning "beautiful river."

Oregon—From the Spanish "oregano," wild marjoram, which grows abundantly on the coast.

Pennsylvania—Latin; meaning Penn's woody land.

Rhode Island—From a fancied resemblance to the island of Rhodes in the Mediterranean.

Tennessee—Indian; meaning "river with the great bend."

Texas—Origin of this name is unknown.

Vermont—French; meaning "green mountain."

Virginia—In honor of Elizabeth, the "Virgin Queen."

Wisconsin—Indian; meaning "gathering of the waters," or "wild rushing channel."



MOTTOES OF THE STATES.

Arkansas—Regnant populi: The peoples rule.

California—Eureka: I have found it. Colorado—Nil sine numine: Nothing without the Divinity.

Connecticut—Qui transtulit sustinet: He who has transferred, sustains.

Delaware—Liberty and Independence.

Florida—In God is Our trust.

Georgia—Wisdom, Justice, Moderation.

Illinois—State Sovereignty and National Union.

Iowa—Our liberties we prize, and our rights we will maintain.

Kansas—Ad astra per aspera: to the stars through rugged ways.

Kentucky—United we stand, divided we fall.

Louisiana—Union and Confidence.

Maine—Dirigo: I direct.

Maryland—Crescite et multiplicamini: Increase and multiply.

Massachusetts—Ense petit placidam sub libertate quietam: By her sword she seeks under liberty a calm repose.

Michigan—Si quaeris peninsulam amoeanam circumspice: If thou seekest a beautiful peninsula, look around.

Minnesota—L'Etoile du Nord: The Star of the North.

Missouri—Salus populi suprema lex esto: Let the welfare of the people be the supreme law.

Nebraska—Popular Sovereignty.

Nevada—Volens et potens: Willing and able.

New Jersey—Liberty and Independence.

New York—Excelsior: Higher.

Ohio—Imperium in imperio: An empire within an empire.

Oregon—Alis volat propriis: She flies with her own wings.

Pennsylvania—Virtue, Liberty, Independence.

Rhode Island—Hope.

South Carolina—Animis opibusque parati: Ready with our lives and property.

Tennessee—Agriculture, Commerce. Vermont—Freedom and Unity.

Virginia—Sic semper tyrannis: So be it ever to tyrants.

West Virginia—Montani semper liberi: The mountaineers are always free.

Wisconsin—Forward.

United States E pluribus unum: From many, one.

Annuit captis: God has favored the undertaking;

Vovus ordo seclorum: A new order of ages.

The first named on one side of the great seal, the other two on the reverse.



GEOGRAPHICAL NICKNAMES.

States and Territories.

Alabama, Cotton State;

Arkansas, Toothpick and Bear State;

California, Eureka and Golden State;

Colorado, Centennial State;

Connecticut, Land of Steady Habits: Freestone State and Nutmeg State;

Dakota, Sioux State;

Delaware, Uncle Sam's Pocket Handkerchief and Blue Hen State;

Florida, Everglade and Flowery State;

Georgia, Empire State of the South;

Idaho, Gem of the Mountains;

Illinois, Prairie and Sucker State;

Indiana, Hoosier State;

Iowa, Hawkeye State;

Kansas, Jayhawker State;

Kentucky, Corn-cracker State;

Louisiana, Creole State;

Maine, Timber and Pine Tree State;

Maryland, Monumental State;

Massachusetts, Old Bay State;

Michigan, Wolverine and Peninsular State;

Minnesota, Gopher and North Star State;

Mississippi, Eagle State;

Missouri, Puke State;

Nebraska, Antelope State;

Nevada, Sage State;

New Hampshire, Old Granite State;

New Jersey, Blue State and New Spain;

New Mexico, Vermin State;

New York, Empire State;

North Carolina, Rip Van Winkle, Old North and Turpentine State;

Ohio, Buckeye State;

Oregon, Pacific State;

Pennsylvania, Keystone, Iron and Oil State;

Rhode Island, Plantation State and Little Rhody;

South Carolina, Palmetto State;

Tennessee, Lion's Den State;

Texas, Lone Star State;

Utah, Mormon State;

Vermont, Green Mountain State;

Virginia, Old Dominion;

Wisconsin, Badger and Copper State.



Natives of States and Territories.

Alabama, lizards;

Arkansas, toothpicks;

California, gold-hunters;

Colorado, rovers;

Connecticut, wooden nutmegs;

Dakota, squatters;

Delaware, muskrats;

Florida, fly-up-the-creeks;

Georgia, buzzards;

Idaho, fortune seekers;

Illinois, suckers;

Indiana, hoosiers;

Iowa, hawkeyes;

Kansas, jayhawkers;

Kentucky, corn-crackers;

Louisiana, creoles;

Maine, foxes;

Maryland, clam-humpers;

Massachusetts, Yankees;

Michigan, wolverines;

Minnesota, gophers;

Mississippi, tadpoles;

Missouri, pukes;

Nebraska, bugeaters;

Nevada, sagehens;

New Hampshire, granite boys;

New Jersey, blues or clam-catchers;

New Mexico, Spanish Indians;

New York, Knickerbockers;

North Carolina, tarheels;

Ohio, buckeyes;

Oregon, hard cases;

Pennsylvania, pennamites, or leather-heads;

Rhode Island, gun flints;

South Carolina, weazles;

Tennessee, whelps;

Texas, beef-heads;

Utah, polygamists;

Vermont, Green Mountain boys;

Virginia, beagles;

Wisconsin, badgers.



Nicknames of Cities.

Atlanta, Gate City of the South;

Baltimore, Monumental City;

Bangor, Lumber City;

Boston, Modern Athens, Literary Emporium, City of Notions and Hub of the Universe;

Brooklyn, City of Churches;

Buffalo, Queen of the Lakes;

Burlington (Iowa), Orchard City;

Charleston, Palmetto City;

Chicago, Prairie, or Garden City;

Cincinnati, Queen of the West and Porkopolis;

Cleveland, Forest City;

Denver, City of the Plains;

Detroit, City of the Straits;

Hartford, Insurance City;

Indianapolis, Railroad City;

Keokuk, Gate City.;

Lafayette, Star City;

Leavenworth, Cottonwood City;

Louisville, Falls City;

Lowell, Spindle City;

McGregor, Pocket City;

Madison, Lake City;

Milwaukee, Cream City;

Nashville, Rock City;

New Haven, Elm City;

New Orleans, Crescent City;

New York, Empire City, Commercial Emporium, Gotham, and Metropolis of America;

Philadelphia, City of Brotherly Love, City of Penn, Quaker City, and Centennial City;

Pittsburgh, Iron City and Smoky City;

Portland (Me.), Hill City;

Providence, Roger Williams' City, and Perry Davis' Pain Killer;

Raleigh, Oak City;

Richmond, (Va.), Cockade City;

Richmond (Ind.), Quaker City of the West;

Rochester, Aqueduct City;

Salt Lake City, Mormon City;

San Francisco, Golden Gate;

Savannah, Forest City of the South;

Sheboygan, Evergreen City;

St. Louis, Mound City;

St. Paul, North Star City;

Vicksburg, Key City;

Washington, City of Magnificent Distances, and Federal City.



THEOSOPHY.

Much is said nowadays about theosophy, which is really but another name for mysticism. It is not a philosophy, for it will have nothing to do with philosophical methods; it might be called a religion, though it has never had a following large enough to make a very strong impression on the world's religious history. The name is from the Greek word theosophia—divine wisdom—and the object of theosophical study is professedly to understand the nature of divine things. It differs, however, from both philosophy and theology even when these have the same object of investigation. For, in seeking to learn the divine nature and attributes, philosophy employs the methods and principles of natural reasoning; theology uses these, adding to them certain principles derived from revelation. Theosophy, on the other hand, professes to exclude all reasoning processes as imperfect, and to derive its knowledge from direct communication with God himself. It does not, therefore, accept the truths of recorded revelation as immutable, but as subject to modification by later and personal revelations. The theosophical idea has had followers from the earliest times. Since the Christian era we may class among theosophists such sects as Neo-Platonists, the Hesychasts of the Greek Church, the Mystics of mediaeval times, and, in later times, the disciples of Paracelsus, Thalhauser, Bohme, Swedenborg and others. Recently a small sect has arisen, which has taken the name of Theosophists. Its leader was an English gentleman who had become fascinated with the doctrine of Buddhism. Taking a few of his followers to India, they have been prosecuting their studies there, certain individuals attracting considerable attention by a claim to miraculous powers. It need hardly be said that the revelations they have claimed to receive have been, thus far, without element of benefit to the human race.



THE EVOLUTION THEORY.

The evolution or development theory declares the universe as it now exists to be the result of a long series of changes which were so far related to each other as to form a series of growths analogous to the evolving of the parts of a growing organism. Herbert Spencer defines evolution as a progress from the homogeneous to the heterogeneous, from general to special, from the simple to the complex elements of life, and it is believed that this process can be traced in the formation of worlds in space, in the multiplication of types and species among animals and plants, in the origin and changes of languages and literature and the arts, and also in all the changes of human institutions and society. Asserting the general fact of progress in nature, the evolution theory shows that the method of this progress has been (1) by the multiplication of organs and functions; (2) according to a defined unity of plan, although with (3) intervention of transitional forms, and (4) with modifications dependent upon surrounding conditions. Ancient writers occasionally seemed to have a glimmering knowledge of the fact of progress in nature, but as a theory "evolution" belongs to the enlightenment of the nineteenth century. Leibnitz, in the latter part of the seventeenth century first uttered the opinion that the earth was once in a fluid condition and Kant about the middle of the eighteenth century, definitely propounded the nebular hypothesis, which was enlarged as a theory by the Herschels. The first writer to suggest the transmutation of species among animals was Buffon, about 1750, and other writers followed out the idea. The eccentric Lord Monboddo was the first to suggest the possible descent of man from the ape, about 1774. In 1813 Dr. W. C. Wells first proposed to apply the principle of natural selection to the natural history of man, and in 1822 Professor Herbert first asserted the probable transmutation of species of plants. In 1844 a book appeared called "Vestiges of Creation," which, though evidently not written by a scientific student, yet attracted great attention by its bold and ingenious theories. The authorship of this book was never revealed until after the death of Robert Chambers, a few years since, it became known that this publisher, whom no one would ever have suspected of holding such heterodox theories, had actually written it. But the two great apostles of the evolution theory were Charles Darwin and Herbert Spencer. The latter began his great work, the "First Principles of Philosophy," showing the application of evolution in the facts of life, in 1852. In 1859 appeared Darwin's "Origin of Species." The hypothesis of the latter was that different species originated in spontaneous variation, and the survival of the fittest through natural selection and the struggle for existence. This theory was further elaborated and applied by Spencer, Darwin, Huxley, and other writers in Europe and America, and though to-day by no means all the ideas upheld by these early advocates of the theory are still accepted, evolution as a principle is now acknowledged by nearly all scientists. It is taken to be an established fact in nature, a valid induction from man's knowledge of natural order.



THE ENGLISH SPARROW.

The first English sparrow was brought to the United States in 1850, but it was not until 1870 that the species can be said to have firmly established itself. Since then it has taken possession of the country. Its fecundity is amazing. In the latitude of New York and southward it hatches, as a rule, five or six broods in a season, with from four to six young in a brood. Assuming the average annual product of a pair to be twenty-four young, of which half are females and half males, and assuming further, for the sake of computation, that all live, together with their offspring, it will be seen that in ten years the progeny of a single pair would be 275,716,983,698.



FEMININE HEIGHT AND WEIGHT.

It is often asked how stout a woman ought to be in proportion to her height. A very young girl may becomingly be thinner than a matron, but the following table gives a fair indication of proper proportions:

Height Pounds Height Pounds Five feet about 100 Five feet 7 inches. about 150 Five feet 1 inch about 106 Five feet 8 inches. about 155 Five feet 2 inches about 113 Five feet 10 inches. about 163 Five feet 3 inches about 119 Five feet 10 inches. about 169 Five feet 4 inches about 130 Five feet 11 inches. about 176 Five feet 5 inches about 138 Six feet about 180 Five feet 6 inches about 144 Six feet 1 inch about 186



WHEN A MAN BECOMES OF AGE.

The question sometimes arises whether it man is entitled to vote at an election held on the day preceding the twenty-first anniversary of his birth. Blackstone, in his Commentaries, book 1, page 463, says: "Full age in male or female is 21 years, which age is completed on the day preceding the anniversary of a person's birth, who, till that time, is an infant, and so styled in law." The late Chief Justice Sharswood, in his edition of Blackstone's Commentaries, quotes Christian's note on the above as follows: "If he is born on the 16th day of February, 1608, he is of age to do any legal act on the morning of the 15th of February, 1629, though he may not have lived twenty-one years by nearly forty-eight hours. The reason assigned is that in law there is no fraction of a day; and if the birth were on the last second of one day and the act on the first second of the preceding day twenty-one years after, then twenty-one years would be complete, and in the law it is the same whether a thing is done upon one moment of the day or another."



DREAMS AND THEIR MEANING

The Bible speaks of dreams as being sometimes prophetic, or suggestive of future events.

This belief has prevailed in all ages and countries, and there are numerous modern examples, apparently authenticated, which would appear to favor this hypothesis.

The interpretation of dreams was a part of the business of the soothsayers at the royal courts of Egypt, Babylon and other ancient nations.

Dreams and visions have attracted the attention of mankind of every age and nation. It has been claimed by all nations, both enlightened and heathen, that dreams are spiritual revelations to men; so much so, that their modes of worship have been founded upon the interpretation of dreams and visions. Why should we discard the interpretation of dreams while our mode of worship, faith and knowledge of Deity are founded upon the interpretation of the dreams and visions of the prophets and seers of old.

Dreams vividly impressed upon the mind are sure to be followed by some event.

We read in the Holy Scripture the revelation of the Deity to His chosen people, through the prophet Joel: "And it shall come to pass, afterward, that I will pour out My Spirit on all flesh, and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, your old men shall dream dreams, your young men shall see visions, and also upon the servants and the handmaids in those days will I pour out My Spirit." (Joel ii, 28.)

Both sacred and profane history contain so many examples of the fulfilment of dreams that he who has no faith in them must be very skeptical indeed.

Hippocrates says that when the body is asleep the soul is awake, and transports itself everywhere the body would be able to go; knows and sees all that the body could see or know were it awake; that it touches all that the body could touch. In a word, it performs all the actions that the body of a sleeping man could do were he awake.

A dream, to have a significance, must occur to the sleeper while in healthy and tranquil sleep. Those dreams of which we have not a vivid conception, or clear remembrance, have no significance.

Those of which we have a clear remembrance must have formed in the mind in the latter part of the night, for up to that time the faculties of the body have been employed in digesting the events of the day.



DICTIONARY OF DREAMS.

(Note.—If you do not find the word you want, look for a word of identical or closely similar meaning.)

A

Abundance—Deceitful security.

Accident—Unexpected meeting.

Acorn—Irreparable fault.

Account—(Of possessions) bankruptcy.

Adultery—(That you commit) scandal, misfortune and disgrace.

Air—(Clear and serene) reconciliation; (dark and gloomy) sadness and sickness.

Almonds—Peace, happiness; (tree) success in business.

Altar—Prosperity, speedy marriage.

Alms—(Giving) mediocrity; (receiving) privations.

Anchor—Safe enterprise.

Angry—(That you are) many powerful enemies.

Ape—Enemies, deceit.

Apples—Gain, profit; (to be eating) disappointment.

Apricots—Health, contentment.

Apple Tree—Good news; (if dead) ill news.

Artichokes—Embarrassment, pain.

Argument—Justice done.

Arm—(Right arm cut off) death of a female relative; (both arms cut off) captivity and sickness; (broken or withered) sorrows, losses and widowhood; (swollen) sudden fortune coming to a dear friend.

Ashes—Misfortune.

Asparagus—Success, profit.

Ass—Quarrel between friends; (one sleeping) security; (one braying) dishonor; (ears of one) scandal; (one laden) profit.

Aunt—Wealth and friends.

Angel—Good news.

Ants—Time spent to no purpose.

Authority—(To have) easy times.

B

Babe—Happy marriage.

Baker—Gain.

Balloon—Literary note.

Barley—Good fortune.

Basket—Increase.

Babboon—Affronts.

Ball—(For dancing) jealousy, rage, then harmony.

Bank—Never to be rich, except by saving.

Barber—A long story, discontent.

Barn—(Full) wealthy marriage.

Bath—Marriage; (too cold) grief; (too hot) separation; (in running water) disappointment; (in stagnant water) misfortune.

Beggar—Help when not expected.

Bells—Alarm, misfortune.

Bear—Danger, misfortune.

Beans—Quarrels.

Bed—Botheration, unrest.

Beer—Fatigue to no purpose.

Bees—Profit; (to catch) success; (stung by) to be over-worked.

Blind Person—False friends.

Blows—(To give) forgiveness; (to receive) advantage.

Boots—(New) success in love and business; (old) quarreling and failure.

Bonnet—(New) flirtation; (old or torn) rivalry.

Boat—(On clear water) happiness; (in muddy water) disgrace.

Bones—Large acquisition by small degrees.

Book—Information.

Bow and Arrows—Love affairs.

Bottles—A feast; (broken) sickness; (empty) melancholy.

Bouquet—(To carry) marriage; (to destroy) separation; (to throw away) displeasure.

Brandy—Depravity.

Brook—(Clear) lasting friendship; (troubled) domestic quarrel.

Briars—Disputes.

Betrothal—Brief pleasures.

Birds—New pleasures; (singing) love, good fortune.

Bite—Mistrust, ingratitude.

Billiards—Hazards, dissipation.

Biscuit—Rejoicings, jolly feasting.

Blessing or Benediction—A forced marriage.

Blackbird—Scandal, deceit.

Bridge—(To pass one) success through industry; (to fall from) loss of business and disappointment in love.

Bread—Profit; (white) lasting affection; (black) inconstancy.

Bugs—Enemies seeking to do injury.

Bull—(Peaceful) gain; (onset of) apprehension.

Butcher—Death of a friend.

Butterfly—Inconstancy.

Butter—Surprises; (to make) a legacy.

C

Cabbage—Health and long life.

Cage—(With bird) liberty; (without bird) imprisonment.

Cakes—Meeting with friends; (to make or eat) prosperity.

Calf—Assured success.

Camel—Riches.

Candle—Favors, praise.

Candy—Ardent love.

Cane—Correction.

Cards—Married life.

Carpenter—Arrangement of affairs.

Cart—Sickness and disgrace.

Cave—Quarrel, loss.

Carving—Business prosperity.

Cat—(To see) treason; (to kill) family quarrels.

Cellar—(Full) passing renown; (empty) health.

Cemetery—(To see) future prosperity; (to be in) news of a death.

Chain—Union; (broken) rupture.

Challenge—Rupture, illusion.

Cherries—Health; (to gather) deception by a woman; (to eat) love.

Chicken—(Cooking) good news.

Cheese—Vexation and after success.

Chestnuts—Home troubles.

Child—(Pretty) pleasure; (ugly) danger; (running) business difficulty.

Church—Heritage; (to pray in) deceit; (to speak aloud in) domestic quarrels.

Chess—Affairs embarrassed,

Cider—Distant heritage, dispute.

Clams—Small possessions, stingily kept.

Clock—Marriage; (striking) a competency.

Coal—Persecution.

Cock—Pride, power, success; (one crowing) sudden trouble; (two fighting) expensive follies.

Colic—Bickerings, estrangement

Corkscrew—Vexatious inquiries.

Corpse—Long life; news of the living; (one disinterred) infidelity.

Cow—Prosperity, abundance.

Cobbler—Long toil, ill paid.

Coffee—Misfortune.

Coffin—Speedy marriage.

Cooking—A wedding.

Corn—Riches; (to grind) abundance.

Crabs—Ill results of endeavor.

Cradle, or Crib—Increase in the family.

Cricket—Hospitality, home comfort.

Crocodile—A catastrophe.

Cross—(To see) disquiet; (to bear) tranquillity.

Crow—Disappointed expectations, humiliation; (to hear) disgrace.

Crowd—Many matters, much to hear.

Crutches—(To use) gambling losses; (to break or leave) recovery.

Cucumber—Serious illness.

Currants—(Red) friendship; (white) satisfaction; (black) infidelity.

Cypress—Despair, death of one cherished.

D

Dancing—(To engage in) successful endeavor; (to see) weariness.

Debts—(Denied) business safety; (admitted) distress.

Doctor—Robustness; (to be one) enjoyment.

Dog—Friendly services; (to play with) suffering through extravagance.

Desertion—Good news, permanence.

Devil—Temptations.

Diamonds—Brief, illusive happiness; (to find) loss; (to sell) peril.

Dice—Doubt, risks.

Dirt—Sickness, detraction.

Dispute—(Friendly) see Argument; (not friendly) see Quarrel.

Dishes—Possessions; (breaking) family quarrels.

Ditch—Bankruptcy.

Door—(Open) opportunities; (closed) unfruitful adventure; (to force) reproof.

Dove—Home happiness, a lover.

Draughts—(To play at) disappointment.

Drawing—A proposal for rejection.

Drowning—Happiness.

Drum—Small difficulties, trifling loss.

Duck—Profit and pleasure; (to kill one) misfortune.

Duel—Rivalries; dissension.

Dumb—(One's self) quarrels; (another) peace.

Dwarf—Feeble foes.

Dyer—Embarrassed affairs.

E

Eagle—Worthy ambition; (kill one) gratified wishes.

Eating—Botheration.

Eclipse—(The sun) loss; (the moon) profit.

Eels—(Alive) vexation; (dead) vengeance satisfied.

Eggs—(A few) riches; (many) misadventure.

Elephant—Power; (feed one) gain of a service.

Embroidery—Love, ambition.

Epitaph—Indiscretion.

Eyes—Bad luck.

F

Face—(Smiling) joy; (pale) trouble.

Fairs—Sudden loss.

Falling—Dangerous elevation; (in a hole) calumny, disappointment.

Fan——Pride, rivalry.

Farmer—Full, good living.

Fatigue—Successful enterprise.

Father-in-Law—Unlucky.

Feast—Trouble ahead.

Feathers—(White) great joy, friendship; (black) hindrances.

Fields—Joy, good health, domestic happiness.

Fingers—(Scalded) envy; (cut) grief; (to see more than five on one hand) new relatives.

Figs—(Dried) festivity; (green) hope; (to eat) transient pleasures.

Flowers—Happiness; (to gather) benefit; (to cast away) quarrels.

Flute—News of a birth.

Fire—Anger, danger.

Firearms—(To see) anger; (blaze of) spite; (to hear) havoc.

Fish—Success, joy; (to catch) deceit of friends.

Flag—Contention; (to bear) fame, honor.

Flame—(Luminous) good news.

Fleas—Unhappiness; (to kill) triumph over enemies.

Flies—That some one is jealous of us.

Flood—Misfortunes, calumny.

Fog—Deception.

Forest—Loss, shame.

Fountain—Abundance, health.

Fox—To be duped; (to kill) to triumph over enemies.

Frogs—Distrust; (hopping) vexation, annoyance.

Fruits—Joy, prosperity, gain; (to eat) be deceived by a woman; (throwaway) trouble through others' envy.

Funeral—Inheritance, news of a birth or marriage.

Fur—(On the body) health and long life.

G

Gallows—Dignities and honors (proportionate to height).

Gambling—Deception.

Game—(Live) adventure.

Garden—Bright future days; (well kept) increase of fortune; (disorderly) business losses and failure.

Garlic—Deceived by a woman.

Garments—Annoyance; (white) innocence, comfort; (black) death of a friend; (torn or soiled) sadness, misfortune.

Garter—Happy marriage.

Gauze—Affected modesty.

Ghost—(White) consolation; (black) temptation.

Gift—(From a man) danger; (from a woman) spite.

Gloves—Friendly advances.

Goat—(White) prosperity; (black) sickness.

Gold—Profit, fortune.

Goose—Same as Duck; (catch one) ensnarement.

Grandparents—Occasion for repentance.

Grapes—Enjoyment, rejoicing; (scant or poor) deprivations.

Grass—(Green) long life.

Grasshopper—Lost harvest or savings.

Grave—(Open) loss of a friend; (filled up) good fortune.

Guitar—Deception, ill-conduct.

Gypsy—Small troubles.

H

Hail—Trouble, sadness.

Hair—(Orderly) comfort, complacency; (tangled) perplexities; (falling out) anxieties.

Ham—Happiness.

Harp—A handsome partner.

Harvest—Wealth in the country.

Hay—Abundance.

Heart—(Pain or troubles) sickness, danger.

Heaven—Some joyful event will happen.

Hell—You lead a bad life and should reform before it is too late.

Hen—Profit; (hear one) consolation; (one laying) joy.

Herbs—Prosperity; (to eat) grief.

Hermit—Treacherous friend.

Hill—(Up one) success; (down) misadventure.

Hole—Obstacles. See Falling.

Holly—Annoyance.

Honey—Success in business.

Horse—(See white one) unexpected good fortune; (see black one) partial success; (mount or ride) success in enterprise; (curry one) a speedy journey.

Hotel—(See one) wandering; (be in) discomfort.

House—(New or strange) consolation; (many) bewilderment.

Hunger—Profitable employment.

Hunt—Snares, accusations.

Husband—If a wife dreams that her husband is married to another it betokens separation.

I

Ice—Treachery, misadventure.

Imps—Occasion for caution.

Infants—Connubial felicity.

Ink—Reconciliation; (upset) separation.

Insanity—Bright ideas, wise thought.

Iron—Cruel experience.

Island—Solitude, loneliness.

Itch—Small foes.

Ivory—Profitable enterprise.

Intoxication—(One's self) pleasures; (another) scandal.

Ivy—Children many and handsome.

J

Jail—(To enter) safety; (leaving one) single blessedness.

Jaw—Riches in the family.

Jew—Trickery.

Joy—Bad news.

Judge—Punishment.

Jug—Loss through awkwardness or neglect.

K

Keys—Explanations, progress in knowledge; (to lose) perplexity.

Killing—(To see) security; (one's self) love quarrels; (another) jealousy.

Kids—Consolation.

King—Satisfaction, progress in affairs.

Kiss—(In the light) true love; (in the dark) risks; (a stranger) a new lover; (a rival) treason; (married woman kissed by a stranger) a new baby and a jealous husband.

Kitchen—Arrivals.

Kite—Vain glory.

Knife—Inconstancy, dissension.

Knitting—Mischievous talk, malice.

Knots—Embarrassments, difficulties.

L

Labor—Conjugal happiness, increase of fortune.

Ladder—(To go up) brief glory; (to go down) debasement.

Lady—Humiliation; (many) gossip.

Lambs—(To see) peace; (to have) profit; (to carry) success; (to buy) great surprise; (to kill) secret grief.

Lame Person—Business misfortune.

Lamps—(Unlit) neglect; (lighted) love troubles.

Landscape—Unexpected gain.

Lantern—(Lighted) safe adventure; (unlit) blunder.

Larks—Riches, elevation.

Laughter—Troubled happiness, botheration.

Leg—(If sound and supple) successful enterprise, prosperous journey.

Letter—(To see) discovery; (to receive) good news from afar.

Lice—Wealth.

Lightning—A love quarrel.

Lily—(Faded) vain hopes; (fine) innocence, happiness.

Linen—Fortune, abundance.

Lion—Future dignity.

Liver—Losses, discomforts.

Lizard—Snares of dubious origin.

Laurel—Honor, gain.

Lawyer—Marriage of a friend.

Lead—Accusations, ingratitude.

Leaves—Transient indisposition.

Leech—Aid in trouble; (many of them) extortion, usury.

Leeks—Labor.

Lettuce—Poverty.

Locksmith—Robbery.

Lottery Tickets—(Number distinct) success in affairs; (number indistinct) foolish expenditure.

Love—An all round good indication.

Lovers—Troubles and joys mixed.

M

Macaroni—Distress.

Man—(Handsome) love; (ugly) wrangles.

Mantle—Victimizing.

Manure—Depravity, shame.

Maps—A journey.

Marble—Estrangements.

Markets—(A busy one) joyous events; (empty) deprivations.

Marsh—Unfruitful endeavors.

Masks—Hypocrisy.

Measles—Wealth coupled with disgrace.

Meat—(Roast) kind reception, (boiled) melancholy.

Melon—Hope, Success.

Mice—Annoyances.

Milestone—Desires accomplished.

Milk—Love affairs.

Mills—Legacy from a relative

Mire—Mistakes, privations.

Mirror—(To look in) misunderstanding; (broken) misadventure.

Money—Losses in business; (to find) tardy discoveries.

Money-Lender—Persecution.

Monkey—Harmless mischief.

Moon—Love; (bright) continual pleasure; (clouded) sickness, danger to one beloved; (full) wealth; (new) awakening affection; (failing) deceit; (red) renown.

Mourning—Impending happiness, invitation to a ball or wedding.

Mouth—(Closed so that cannot eat) sudden death; (wider than usual) riches.

Mud—Riches.

Mule—Difficulty.

Music—Ease, pleasure.

Mustard—Troubles.

Myrtle—Love declaration.

N

Nails—(Broken) misadventure; (very long) emoluments.

Nakedness—Threatened danger.

Navigating—Approaching journey.

Necklace—Jealousy, annoyance.

Needles—Disappointment in love.

Negro—Vexation, annoyance.

Nest—Good luck, profit.

Newspaper—Botheration, gossip.

Night—(Walking) uneasiness, melancholy.

Nightingale—Happy marriage.

Nose—(That yours is large) prosperity and acquaintance with rich people.

Nurse—Long life.

Nuts—Peace and satisfaction after trouble and difficulty.

O

Oak—(Green) health, strength; (dead or fallen) heavy losses.

Oars—Safe enterprise; (to break or lose) dependence.

Offer of Marriage—New lovers.

Office—(Turn out of) death or loss of property.

Oil—Good harvest.

Old Person—(Man) prudence, wisdom; (woman) scandal.

Olives—Honors and dignities.

Onions—Aggravation, dispute with inferiors.

Opera—Pleasure followed by pain.

Orange Blossom—A marriage.

Oranges—Amusement, pleasure; (sour) chagrin, injury.

Orchard—Much of nothing.

Ostrich—Misadventure through vanity.

Oven—Ease, riches; (hot) feasting.

Owl—Secrets revealed.

Oysters—Satiety.

P

Pain—Trouble and recovery.

Painter—That everything will be lovely.

Palm-Tree—Honor, power, victory.

Paper—Tidings; (colored) deceit; (painted) brief happiness.

Parent—Good news.

Parrot—A bad neighbor, tale-bearing.

Pastry—(To eat) annoyance; (to make) good times.

Paths—(Straight) happiness; (crooked) ill to the willful.

Pawnbroker—Little result of big endeavor.

Peacock—Peril through pride, ambition or unwariness.

Peaches—Contentment, pleasure.

Pearls—Tears, distress.

Pears—Treachery; (to eat) tidings of death; (to gather) festivities.

Peas—Good fortune.

Pens—Tidings.

Peddler—You are mistaken in your estimate of a friend.

Pepper—Affliction, vexation.

Pheasant—Good fortune; (to kill one) peril; (to carry one) honor.

Piano—Disputes.

Pig—Pork—(Few) avarice; (many) profits.

Pigeon—Reconciliation.

Pillow—Disturbance.

Pills—Trouble.

Pine Tree—Danger.

Pins—Contradiction.

Pirates—Fortunate adventure.

Pitch—Evil companions.

Pitchfork—Punishment.

Playing—Entertainment.

Plums—Pleasure, happiness.

Policeman—Trouble.

Pomegranate—Power.

Postman—News from the absent.

Poverty—Thrift, advantage.

Preserves—Loss of time and money.

Priest—Reconciliation.

Procession—Happy love.

Pump—(If water) marriage and fortune; (if dry) flirtation.

Purchase—(On credit) deprivations; (for cash) possessions.

Purse—(Empty) something to get; (full) pride, disquiet.

Puzzle—Favors, pleasure.

Q

Quail—Family responsibilities.

Quarrel—Constancy, friendship.

Queen—Prosperity.

Questions—Wisdom.

Quill—Particular information.

Quoits—Rivalries.

R

Rabbit—(White) friendship; (black) trouble; (many) extensive pleasures.

Racing—Success in life.

Radishes—That you will discover secrets.

Raft—New views.

Rain—Legacy or gift.

Rainbow—Separation.

Rat—Secret enemies; (white) triumph over enemies.

Raven—Misfortune; (hear one) grief.

Reading—Venturesomeness.

Reaper—A picnic party.

Revenge—Repentance.

Ribbons—Prodigality.

Rice—Talking.

Ride—(With men) it is a good sign; (with women) a bad sign.

Ring—Approaching marriage.

Riot—Scarcity through mischief.

Rival—Quarrels.

River—Success in enterprise; (to fall in) attempts of enemies; (to throw one's self in) confusion in affairs.

Robber—Fear.

Rock—Annoyance; (to surmount) difficulties overcome.

Roof—Adventure abroad.

Roses—Always of happy omen; (full blown) health, joy, abundance; (faded) success, with some drawbacks; (white) innocence; (red) satisfaction; (yellow) jealousy.

Ruffles—Honors, profitable occupation.

Ruins—Pleasant surprises.

Rust—Idle times, decay, failure.

S

Sailor—Tidings from abroad.

Salad—Embarrassments.

Salt—Wisdom.

Satin or Silk—Gain.

Sausage—Affliction, sickness.

Saw—Satisfactory conclusion in affairs.

Scissors—Enemies, hatred.

Scratches—Inconveniences, annoyances.

Screech-Owl—Death of near relative.

Sculptor—Profit.

Sea—Long journey, large affairs.

Seabeach—Tranquilly.

Secretary—Fortune.

Serenade—News of a marriage.

Sermon—Weariness, sleeplessness.

Servant—(Man) abuse of confidence; (maid) suspicion.

Sewing—Plots.

Shawl—(A fine one) honors; (thin or old) shame; (torn) detraction.

Sheep—Great gain.

Shell—(Filled) success; (empty) ill-omen.

Shepherd—Malice.

Ship—Wishes fulfilled; (in danger) unexpected good fortune.

Shoes—Advantageous speculation; (much worn) a speedy journey.

Shop—(To be in) pleasure denied; (to conduct) dues withheld.

Shroud—Death.

Singing—Vexation.

Skating—(To see) hindrances, crosses; (to do) success.

Skeleton—Disgust.

Sky—(Clear) happiness, peace; (clouded) misfortune.

Sleep—Illusive security.

Slippers—Comfort, satisfaction.

Smoke—Extravagant expectations.

Snail—Infidelity, dishonor.

Snakes—Treason, betrayal.

Sneezing—Long life.

Snow—(In season) good harvest; (unseasonable) discouragement.

Soap—Revelations, assistance.

Soldier—Quarrels.

Soup—Return of health or fortune.

Spectacles—Melancholy, obstacles.

Spider—(In the dark) gain; (in the light) contention; (kill one) pleasure.

Sponge—Greed, avarice.

Sports—Pleasure and after regrets.

Spot—(On clothes) sadness; (on the sun) baseless fears.

Spy—(To be one) reprehension; (to see) rumors.

Stable—Hospitality, welcome.

Stag—Gain; (chase one) business failure.

Stammer—Decision, resolution.

Stars—Happiness; (pale) affliction; (shooting) death of relative.

Stocking—(To pull off) comfort; (to pull on) discomfort; (new) a visit; (a hole in) deceitful fortune.

Stones—(Under foot) trouble, suffering; (thrown or falling) malice.

Storks—Loss, robbery.

Storm—Contest, vexation.

Stove—Riches.

Stranger—Return of a lost friend.

Strange Bed—Contentment.

Strange Room—A mystery solved.

Strawberries—Unexpected good fortune.

Straws—Poverty.

Street—(To walk in) a favorable reception.

Sugar—Privation and want.

Sun—(Bright) discovery of secrets; (clouded) bad news; (rising) success; (setting) losses.

Supper—News of a birth.

Swallow—Successful enterprise.

Swans—Private riches.

Swearing—Disagreeables.

Sweeping—Confidence well placed.

Swimming—Enjoyment.

Swords—Misfortune.

T

Table—Joy; (to set) abundance.

Tailor—Unfaithfulness.

Tea—Confusion, incumbrance.

Tears—Joy, comfort.

Teeth—(Handsome) health, goodness; (mean or drawn) vexation, loss.

Ten-Pins—Undesirable adventures.

Tent—Quarrels.

Theater—Sadness, loss.

Thicket—Evasions, apprehensions.

Thief—(To be one) loss; (to lose by one) good speculations.

Thimble—Work hard to find.

Thirst—Affliction.

Thistle—Disputes, folly.

Thorns—Disappointment, pain; (to be pricked by) loss of money.

Thread—Intrigue; (tangled) confusion of affairs; (to break) failure; (to split) a secret betrayed.

Thunder—Danger; (to see thunderbolt fall) death of a friend.

Tiger—Fierce enmity.

Toads—Something to disgust.

Tomb—Family matters, nuptials, births.

Torches—Invitation to a wedding.

Trap-Door—(Open) a secret divulged; (shut) mystery.

Travel—(On foot) work; (on wheels) fortune.

Treasure—(That you find one) disappointment.

Trees—In general; (green) hope; (withered) grief; (leafless) deceit; (cut down) robbery; (to climb) change of employment.

Trousers—Honors and responsibilities.

Turkey—If you dream of a turkey you will shortly see a fool.

Turnips—Disappointment, annoyance.

Twins—Honors, riches.

U

Umbrella—(To a lady) A new lover; (to a gentleman) a breach of promise suit.

Uncle—Advantageous marriage.

Undress—(One's self) rebuke; (another) scandal.

Uniform—(To see) humbling; (to wear) flattery.

V

Vegetables—(In general) weary toil; (to gather) quarrels; (to eat) business losses.

Veil—Marriage; (black) death or separation.

Veins—Grief.

Vermin—Enough and to spare.

Villain—Danger of losing property.

Vine—Fruitfulness, abundance.

Vinegar—(To drink) wrangles; (spoiled) sickness.

Violets—Success of undertakings.

Violin—(In concert) sympathy, consolation; (alone) bereavement.

Visitors—Loneliness.

Virgin—Joy without regret; (pretended one) sorrow, evil.

Vulture—Bitter enmity; (kill one) triumph over foes; (one feeding) returning fortune.

W

Wagon—(Loaded) emolument; (empty) ease, pleasure.

Wake—Poverty and misery.

Wall—Obstacles; (to be on) prosperity.

War—Misunderstandings and contention.

Wardrobe—Advantage.

Wash-Day—New friends, good resolutions.

Wasps—Annoyance; (to be stung) affronts.

Watch—Time well employed.

Watchman—Trifling loss.

Water—See Bath, Drink; (to drink) a marriage or birth; (to fall into) reconciliation.

Water Carrier—Gain.

Wax—Desirable marriage.

Weasel—To be outwitted.

Wedding—Unexpected danger, troubled happiness.

Well—(Draw water from) good fortune; (fall into) peril.

Wheat—Money.

Wheelbarrow, Wheel—Disability, infirmity.

Whirlwind—Danger, scandal.

Widowhood—Satisfaction, new belongings.

Wife—If a man dreams he sees his wife married to another, it betokens a separation.

Wolf—Enmity; (to kill one) gain, success.

Woman—Deceit; (fair) love; (ugly) scandal.

Wood-Cutter—Labor without profit.

Woods—(To rich) loss; (to poor) profit.

Work—(Of right hand) prosperity; (of left hand) impecuniosity.

Worms—Secret enemies, ill-health.

Wreck—Catastrophes, peril.

Writing—Pleasant and profitable discovery.

Y

Yeast—Increase, abundance.

Yoke—Responsibilities, particularly of marriage.

Youth—Good time, light responsibilities.



THE LANGUAGE OF FLOWERS.

Flowers may be combined and arranged so as to express even the nicest shades of sentiment.

If a flower is offered reversed, its direct significance is likewise reversed, so that the flower now means its opposite.

A rosebud divested of its thorns, but retaining its leaves conveys the sentiment. "I fear no longer; I hope." Stripped of leaves and thorns, it signifies, "There is nothing to hope or fear."

A full-blown rose placed over two buds signifies "Secrecy."

"Yes" is implied by touching the flower given to the lips.

"No" by pinching off a petal and casting it away.

"I am," is expressed by a laurel leaf twined around the bouquet. "I have," by an ivy leaf folded together. "I offer you," by a leaf of Virginia creeper.

Combinations and Their Meaning.

Moss, Rosebud and Myrtle—"A confession of love."

Mignonette and Colored Daisy—"Your qualities surpass your charms of beauty."

Lily of the Valley and Ferns—"Your unconscious sweetness has fascinated me."

Yellow Rose, Broken Straw and Ivy—"Your jealousy has broken our friendship."

Scarlet Geranium, Passion Flower, Purple Hyacinth, and Arbor Vitae—"I trust you will find consolation, through faith, in your sorrow; be assured of my unchanging friendship."

Columbine, Day Lily, Broken Straw, Witch Hazel and Colored Daisy—"Your folly and coquetry have broken the spell of your beauty."

White Pink, Canary Grass and Laurel—"Your talent and perseverance will win you glory."

Golden-Rod and Monkshead, Sweet Pea and Forge-me-not—"Be cautious; danger is near; I depart soon; forget me not."

Significance of Single Flowers.

Arbor Vitae—Unchanging friendship.

Camelia, White—Loveliness.

Candy-Tuft—Indifference.

Carnation, Deep Red—Alas! for my poor heart.

Carnation, White—Disdain.

China-Aster—Variety.

Clover, Four-Leaf—Be mine.

Clover, White—Think of me.

Clover, Red—Industry.

Columbine—Folly.

Columbine, Purple—Resolved to win.

Daisy—Innocence.

Dead Leaves—Sadness.

Deadly Nightshade—Falsehood.

Fern—Fascination.

Forget-me-not—True love, Forget me not.

Fuschia, Scarlet—Taste.

Geranium, Rose—Preference.

Geranium, Scarlet—Consolation.

Golden-Rod—Be cautious.

Heliotrope—Devotion.

Honey-Flower—Love, sweet and secret.

Hyacinth, White—Unobtrusive loveliness.

Ivy—Fidelity.

Lady's Slipper—Win me and wear me.

Lily, Day—Coquetry.

Lily, White-Sweetness.

Lily, Yellow—Gaiety.

Lily of the Valley—Return of happiness.

Mignonette—Your qualities surpass your charm.

Monkshead—Danger is near.

Myrtle—Love.

Oats—The witching soul of music.

Orange Blossoms—Chastity.

Pansy—Thoughts.

Passion Flower—Faith.

Peach Blossom—I am your captive.

Pear—Affection.

Primrose—Inconstancy.

Quaking Grass—Agitation.

Rose—Love.

Rose, Deep Red—Bashful shame.

Rose, Yellow—Jealousy.

Rose, White—I am worthy of you.

Rosebud, Moss—Confession of love.

Shamrock—Lightheartedness.

Straw—Agreement.

Straw, Broken—Broken agreement.

Sweet Pea—Depart.

Tuberose—Dangerous pleasures.

Verbena—Pray for me.

Witch Hazel—A spell.



ALPHABET OF ADVICE TO WRITERS.

A word out of place spoils the most beautiful thought.—Voltaire.

Begin humbly. Labor faithfully. Be patient.—Elizabeth Stuart Phelps.

Cultivate accuracy in words and things; amass sound knowledge; avoid all affectation; write all topics which interest you.—F. W. Newman.

Don't be afraid. Fight right along. Hope right along.—S.L. Clemens.

Every good writer has much idiom; it is the life and spirit of Language.—W. S. Landor.

Follow this: If you write from the heart, you will write to the heart.—Beaconsfield

Genius may begin great works, but only continued labor completes them.—Joubert.

Half the writer's art consists in learning what to leave in the ink-pot.—Stevenson.

It is by suggestion, not cumulation, that profound impressions are made on the imagination.—Lowell.

Joy in one's work is an asset beyond the valuing in mere dollars.—C. D. Warner.

Keep writing—and profit by criticism. Use for a motto Michael Angelo's wise words: "Genius is infinite patience."—L. M. Alcott.

Lord, let me never tag a moral to a story, nor tell a story without a meaning.—Van Dyke.

More failures come from vanity than carelessness.—Joseph Jefferson.

Never do a "pot-boiler." Let one of your best things go to boil the pot.—"O. Henry."

Originality does not mean oddity, but freshness. It means vitality, not novelty.—Norman Hapgood.

Pluck feathers from the wings of your imagination, and stick them in the tail of your judgment.—Horace Greeley.

Quintessence approximates genius. Gather much though into few words. —Schopenhauer.

Revise. Revise. Revise.—E. E. Hale.

Simplicity has been held a mark of truth: it is also it mark of genius.—Carlyle.

The first principle of composition of whatever sort is that it should be natural and appear to have happened so.—Frederick Macmonnies.

Utilize your enthusiasms. Get the habit of happiness in work.—Beveridge.

Very few voices but sound repellent under violent exertion.—Lessing.

Whatever in this world one has to say, there is a word, and just one word, to express it. Seek that out and use it.—De Maupassant.

Yes, yes; believe me, you must draw your pen Not once, nor twice, but o'er and o'er again Through what you've written, if you would entice The man who reads you once to read you twice. -Horace (Conington, Tr.)

Zeal with scanty capacity often accomplishes more than capacity with no zeal at all.—George Eliot.



WHAT DIFFERENT EYES INDICATE.

The long, almond-shaped eye with thick eyelids covering nearly half of the pupil, when taken in connection with the full brow, is indicative of genius, and is often found in artists, literary and scientific men. It is the eye of talent, or impressibility. The large, open, transparent eye, of whatever color, is indicative of elegance, of taste, of refinement, of wit, of intelligence. Weakly marked eyebrows indicate a feeble constitution and a tendency to melancholia, Deep sunken eyes are selfish, while eyes in which the whole iris shows indicate erraticism, if not lunacy. Round eyes are indicative of innocence; strongly protuberant eyes of weakness of both mind and body. Eyes small and close together typify cunning, while those far apart and open indicate frankness. The normal distance between the eyes is the width of one eye; a distance greater or less than this intensifies the character supposed to be symbolized. Sharp angles, turning down at the corners of the eyes, are seen in persons of acute judgment and penetration. Well-opened steady eyes belong to the sincere; wide staring eyes to the impertinent.



THE MYSTERIES OF PALMISTRY



The following points, upon which the Science of Palmistry is based, explain its mysteries, and will be found very interesting, amusing and instructive:

Form of the Hand.

Hands are classed into seven types, each of which is illustrated by the cuts on the preceding page, and described as follows:

Plate I—The Elementary or Bilious Hand, indicating brutal instinct instead of reason as the governing power of the character.

Plate II—The Square or Jupiter Hand, indicating a practical, stubborn, methodical, and conventional character; one apt to be suspicious of strangers and radical in views.

Plate III—The Spatulate or Nervous Hand, so named because of its imagined resemblance to a spatula. It is broad at the base of the fingers, and indicates great energy and push to discover; also, courage and fearlessness.

Plate IV—The Philosophic or Venus Hand, has a long, thin, muscular palm, with long, knotty fingers; indicates a student of nature and searcher after truth.

Plate V—The Mercury or Artistic Hand, indicates quick temper, impulsiveness; a character that is light-hearted, gay and charitable, to-day; and to-morrow, sad, tearful and uncharitable.

Plate VI—The Lunar or Idealistic Hand, indicates an extremely sensitive nature.

Plate VII—The Harmonic or Solar Hand, indicates a character of great versatility, brilliant in conversation, and an adept in diplomacy.

The Fingers.

For fortune-telling the fingers from first to fourth are designated as Jupiter, Saturn, Apollo and Mercury.

Note the cut on preceding page, representing the different types of fingers, numbered from one to eleven.

1—Large fingers indicate a person of vulgar tastes and a cruel, selfish disposition.

2—Small, thin fingers indicate a keen, quick acting mind and a person not very particular about personal appearance.

3—Long, lean fingers indicate an inquiring disposition; love of details in narrative; short fingers imply simple tastes and selfishness.

4—Fat fingers, largely developed at base, indicate sensualness; if small at base, the reverse.

5—Smooth fingers indicate artistic ability.

6—Knotty fingers indicate truthfulness and good order in business affairs.

7—Pointed fingers indicate a very magnetic and enthusiastic personality.

8—Square fingers indicate a strong mind, regularity and love of good order.

9—Spatulate fingers indicate a character of positiveness in opinions and lacking in gentleness.

10—Fingers of mixed shape indicate a harmonious disposition, with ability to easily adapt oneself to all conditions.

11—Obtuse fingers indicate coarse and cruel sensibilities.

The Phalanges of the Fingers.

See plate VIII, 1, 2, 3—The Phalanges of the Thumb: 4, 5, 6—Repeated on each finger, indicate the phalanges of the four fingers.

The Mounts of the Hands.

See plate IX—A, Mount Venus; B, Mount Jupiter; C, Mount Saturn; D, Mount Apollo; E. Mount Mercury; F, Mount Luna; G, Mount Mars.

The Shape and Length of the Phalanges represent certain qualities and features of character, as presented in the following:

Jupiter, the first finger; if the first phalange is longer than the second, it indicates ability to control others, direct and maintain order; if the second phalange is long and well developed, it indicates leadership; if short and thin, intellectual weakness; if the third phalange is long, it indicates love of power in material things.

Saturn, second finger; if the first phalange is longer than the second, it indicates ability for mastering scientific subjects; if the second phalange is long, it indicates great interest in subjects requiring deep study; if the third phalange is long, it indicates a love of metaphysics and money.

Apollo, third finger; if the first phalange is longer than the second, it indicates love of the arts; if the second phalange is long, it indicates success and love of riches; if the third phalange is thick, it indicates an inherited talent of the arts.

Mercury, fourth finger; if the first phalange is longer than the second, it indicates a taste for and love of research; if the second phalange is long and well developed, it indicates industrious habits; if the third phalange is long and fat, it indicates a desire for the comforts of life.

The Mountains.

These are points or elevations on the palm.

Mount Venus, if prominent, indicates a person of strong passions, great energy in business, and admiration of physical beauty in the opposite sex; it also indicates love of children, home and wife, or husband. When not well developed there is a lack of love for home, children, wife or husband; and in a man, it indicates egotism and laziness,—in a woman, hysteria.

Mount Jupiter, if prominent, indicates a person who is generous, loves power, and is brilliant in conversation; if a woman, she desires to shine and be a social leader. When not well developed, it indicates lack of self-esteem, slovenliness and indifference to personal appearance.

Mount Saturn, if prominent, indicates a serious-minded person, religiously inclined, slow to reach a conclusion, very prudent, free in the expression of opinions, but inclined to be pessimistic.

Mount Apollo, if prominent, indicates ability as an artist, generosity, courageousness, and a poetical nature, apt to be a spendthrift. When not well developed, it indicates cautiousness and prudence.

Mount Mercury, if prominent, indicates keen perceptions, cleverness in conversation, a talent for the sciences, industry, and deceitfulness. If not well developed, it indicates a phlegmatic, stupid disposition.

Mount Luna, if prominent, indicates a dreamy, changeable, capricious, enthusiastic, and inventive nature. When not well developed, it indicates constancy, love of home, and ability to imitate others.

Mount Mars, if prominent, indicates self-respect, coolness, and control of self under trying circumstances, courage, venturesomeness and confidence in one's ability for anything undertaken. When not well developed, it indicates the opposite of these characteristics.

Lines On the Hand.

If the lines of the hand are not well defined, this fact indicates poor health.

Deep red lines indicate good, robust health. Yellow lines indicate excessive biliousness.

Dark-colored lines indicate a melancholy and reserved disposition.

The Life Line extends from the outer base of Mount Jupiter, entirely around the base of Mount Venus. If chained under Jupiter, it indicates bad health in early life. Hair lines extending from it imply weakness, and if cut by small lines from Mount Venus, misplaced affections and domestic broils. If arising from Mount Jupiter, an ambition to be wealthy and learned. If it is joined by the Line of the Head at its beginning, prudence and wisdom are indicated. If it joins Heart and Head line's at its commencement, a great catastrophe will be experienced by the person so marked. A square on it denotes success. All lines that follow it give it strength. Lines that cut the Life Line extending through the Heart Line denote interference in a love affair. If it is crossed by small lines, illness is indicated. Short and badly drawn lines, unequal in size, imply bad blood and a tendency to fevers.

The Heart Line, if it extends across the hand at the base of the finger mounts, and is deep and well defined, indicates purity and devotion; if well defined from Mount Jupiter only, a jealous and tyrannical disposition is indicated; if it begins at Mount Saturn and is without branches, it is a fatal sign; if short and well defined in the Harmonic type of hand it indicates intense affection when it is reciprocated; if short on the Mercury type of hand, it implies deep interest in intellectual pursuits; it short and deep in the Elementary type of hand, it implies the disposition to satisfy desire by brutal force, instead of by love.

The Head Line is parallel to Heart Line and forms the second branch of letter M, generally very plain in most hands; if long and deep it indicates ability to care for one's self; if hair lines are attached to it, mental worry; if it divides toward Mount Mercury love affairs will be first, and business secondary; if well defined its whole length, it implies a well-balanced brain; a line from it extending into a star on Mount Jupiter, great versatility, pride and love for knowledge are indicated; if it extend to Mount Luna interest in occult studies is implied; separated from the Life Line, indicates aggressiveness; if it is broken, death is indicated from an injury in the head.

The Rascettes are lines across the wrist where the palm joins it.

It is claimed they indicate length of life; if straight it is a good sign. One Rascette indicates thirty years of life; two lines, sixty; three lines, ninety.

The Fate Line commences at Rascettes, and if it extends straight to Mount Saturn, uninterrupted, and alike in both hands, good luck and success are realized without personal exertion. If not in one hand and interrupted in the other, success will be experienced only by great effort. If well defined at the wrist the early life is bright and promising; if broken in the center, misery for middle life is indicated. If this line touches Mounts Luna and Venus, it indicates a good disposition and wealth; if inclined toward any mount, it implies success in that line for which the mount stands. If it is made up of disconnected links, it indicates serious physical and moral struggles. Should it end at Heart Line, the life has been ruined by unrequited love. If it runs through a square, the life has been in danger and saved. Should it merge into the Heart Line and continue to Mount Jupiter, it denotes distinction and power secured through love.

The Girdle of Venus is a curved line extending from Mount Jupiter to Mercury, encircling Saturn and Apollo. It appears on few hands, but it indicates superior intellect, a sensitive and capricious nature; if it extends to base of Jupiter it denotes divorce; ending in Mercury, implies great energy; should it be cut by parallel lines in a man, it indicates a hard drinker and gambler.

Lines of Reputation, commencing in the middle of the hand, at the Head Line, Mount Luna or Mount Mars, indicate financial success from intellectual pursuits after years of struggling with adversity. If from Heart Line, real love of occupation and success; if from Head Line, success from selfishness. An island on this line denotes loss of character, a start on it near Apollo implies that success will be permanent, and a square, brilliant success. The absence of this line implies a struggle for recognition of one's abilities.

Line of Intuition, beginning at base of Mount Mercury, extends around Mars and Luna; it is frequently found in the Venus, Mercury and Lunar types of hands; when deeply dented with a triangle on Mount Saturn it denotes clairvoyant power; if it forms a triangle with Fate Line, or Life Line, a voyage will be taken.

Health Line commences at center of the Rascettes, takes an oblique course from Fate Line, ending toward Mount Mercury. If straight and well defined, there is little liability to constitutional diseases; when it does not extend to Head Line, steady mental labor cannot be performed; when it is broad and deep on Mount Mercury, diminishing as it enters the Life Line, death from heart disease is indicated; small lines cutting it denote sickness from biliousness. When joined to Heart Line, health and business are neglected for Love; if made up of short, fine lines, there is suffering from stomach catarrh; if it is checked by islands there is a constitutional tendency to lung disease.

Marriage Lines extend straight across Mount Mercury; if short, affairs of the heart without marriage are denoted. When near Heart Line early marriage is indicated; if it turns directly to Heart Line, marriage will occur between the ages of 16 and 21; if close to the top of the mount, marriage will not take place before the 35th year; if it curves upward it indicates a single life; when pronged and running toward the center or to Mount Mars, divorce will occur. If the end at this line droops the subject will outlive wife or husband; if broken, divorce is implied; if it ends in a cross, the wife or husband will die from an accident. A branch from this line upward implies a high position attained by marriage. A black spot on this line means widowhood.

Children's Lines are small and upright, extending from the end of Marriage Lines. If broad and well defined, males; if fine and narrow, females are indicated. A line of this order that is deep and well defined denotes prominence for that child.

Small Lines have a signification depending upon their position and number.

A single line on Jupiter signifies success; on Saturn, happiness; on Apollo, fame and talent.

Ascending small lines are favorable, while descending lines are unfavorable signs.

Several small lines on Mars indicate warfare constantly.

Cross lines, failure.



RIDDLES, OLD AND NEW.

Feet have they, but they walk not—stoves.

Eyes have they, but they see not—potatoes.

Noses have they, but they smell not—tea-pots.

Mouths have they, but they taste not—rivers.

Hands have they, but they handle not—clocks.

Ears have they, but they hear not—corn stalks.

Tongues have they, but they talk not—wagons.

What thing is that which is lengthened by being cut at both ends? A ditch.

Why do we all go to bed? Because the bed will not come to us.

Why Paris like the letter F? Because it is the capital of France.

In which month do ladies talk least? In February.

Why is a room full of married folks like an empty room? There is not a single person in it.

Why is a peach-stone like a regiment? It has a kernel (Colonel).

Why is an island like the letter T? Because it is in the midst of wa-t-er.

Why is a bee-hive like a spectator? Because it is a beeholder (beholder).

What is that which a train cannot move without, and yet is not the least use to it? A noise.

When is a man over head and ears in debt? When the hat he has on is not paid for.

Why is a man led astray like one governed by a girl? He is misled (miss-led).

Why is a Jew in a fever like a diamond? He is a Jew ill (jewel).

Why are fixed stars like pen, ink and paper? They are stationary (stationery).

What is that which is always invisible and never out of sight? The letter I.

Why is a cook like a barber? He dresses hare (hair).

Why is a waiter like a race horse? He often runs for a plate or a cup.

Why is a madman like two men? He is one beside himself.

Why is a good story like a church bell? It is often told (tolled).

What is the weight of the moon? Four quarters.

What sea would make the best bed-room? Adriatic (a-dry attic).

Why is Ireland likely to become rich? Because the capital is always Dublin (doubling).

What two letters make a county in Massachusetts? S. X. (Essex).

Why is a good saloon like a bad one? Both inn convenient

Why do dentists make good politicians? Because they have a great pull.

Why is the Hudson River like a shoe? Because it is a great place for tows (toes).

Why is a race at a circus like a big conflagration? Because the heat is in tents (intense).

Which is the left side of a plum pudding? The part that is not eaten.

Why is a man who runs in debt like a clock? He goes on tick.

Why is the wick of a candle like Athens? It is in the midst of grease (Greece).

Why are deep sighs like long stockings? Heigh-ho's (high hose).

What occupation is the sun? A tanner.

Why are your eyes like stage horses? They are always under lashes.

Why are your teeth like verbs? Regular, irregular and defective?

What word makes you sick if you leave out one of its letters? Music.

What word of ten letters can be spelled with five? Expediency (X P D N C).

Why should red-headed men be chosen for soldiers? They carry fire-locks.

Why is the letter D like a sailor? It follows the sea (C).

Why is a theological student like a merchant? Both study the Prophets (profits).

If the alphabet were invited out to dine what time would U, V, W, X, Y and Z go? After tea (T).

How can you take one from nineteen and leave twenty? XIX—XX



LAST WORDS OF FAMOUS MEN AND WOMEN.

"'Tis well."—George Washington.

"Tete d'armee."—Napoleon.

"I thank God that I have done my duty."—Admiral Nelson.

"I pray thee see me safe up, but for my coming down I can shift for myself," were the last words of Sir Thomas More when ascending the scaffold.

"God bless you."—Dr. Johnson.

"I have finished."—Hogarth.

"Dying, dying."—Thos. Hood.

"Drop the curtain, the farce is played out."—Rabelais.

"I am what I am. I am what I am."—Swift.

"I still live."—Daniel Webster.

"How grand these rays. They seem to beckon earth to heaven."—Humboldt.

"It is now time that we depart—I to die, you to live: but which is the better destination is unknown."—Socrates.

"Adieu, my dear Morand, I am dying."—Voltaire.

"My beautiful flowers, my lovely flowers."—Richter.

"James, take good care of the horse."—Winfield Scott.

"Many things are becoming clearer to me."—Schiller.

"I feel the daisies growing over me."—John Keats.

"What, is there no bribing death?"—Cardinal Beaufort.

"Taking a leap in the dark. O, mystery."—Thomas Paine.

"There is not a drop of blood on my hands."'—Frederick V.

"I am taking a fearful leap in the dark."—Thomas Hobbes.

"Don't let that awkward squad fire over my grave."—Burns.

"Here, veteran, if you think it right, strike."—Cicero.

"My days are past as a shadow that returns not."—R. Hooker.

"I thought that dying had been more difficult,"—Louis XIV.

"O Lord, forgive me specially my sins of omission."—Usher.

"Let me die to the sounds of delicious music."—Mirabeau.

"It is small, very small," alluding to her neck.—Anna Boleyn.

"Let me hear those notes so long my solace and delight."—Mozart.

"We are as near heaven by sea as by land,"—Sir Humphrey Gilbert.

"I do not sleep. I wish to meet death awake."—Maria Theresa.

"I resign my soul to God; my daughter to my country."—Jefferson.



TOASTS AND SENTIMENTS

Merit to gain a heart, and sense to keep it.

Money to him that has spirit to use it.

More friends and less need of them.

May those who deceive us be always deceived.

May the sword of justice be swayed by the hand of mercy.

May the brow of the brave never want a wreath of laurel.

May we be slaves to nothing but our duty, and friends to nothing but real merit.

May he that turns his back on his friend, fall into the hands of his enemy.

May honor be the commander when love takes the field.

May reason guide the helm when passion blows the gale.

May those who would enslave become slaves themselves.

May genius and merit never want a friend.

May the road of happiness be lighted by virtue.

May life last as long as it is worth wearing.

May we never murmur without a cause, and never have a cause to murmur.

May the eye that drops for the misfortunes of others never shed a tear for its own.

May the lovers of the fair sex never want means to support and spirit to defend them. May the tear of misery be dried by the hand of commiseration.

May the voyage of life end in the haven of happiness.

Provision to the unprovided.

Peace and honest friendship with all nations; entangling alliances with none.

Riches to the generous, and power to the merciful.

Short shoes and long corns to the enemies of freedom.

Success to the lover, and joy to the beloved.

The life we love, with whom we love.

The friend we love, and the woman we dare trust.

The union of two fond hearts.

The lovers of honor, and honorable lovers.

The unity of hearts in the union of hands.

The liberty of the press without licentiousness.

The virtuous fair, and the fair virtuous.

The road to honor through the plains of virtue.