 |
Lange, Henry: Suedbrasilien, mit Ruecksicht auf die deutsche Kolonisation. Leipzig, 1885. (2d ed.)
Langendonck, Madame van: Une Colonie au Bresil. Recits Historiques. Antwerp, 1862.
Learned, M.D.: Guide to the Manuscript Materials Relating to American History in the German State Archives. Washington, 1912.
Lehmann, Emil: Die deutsche Auswanderung. Berlin, 1861.
Leyfer, H.: Deutsches Kolonistenleben im Staate Santa Catharina in Suedbrasilien. Leipzig, 1900.
Lima, Oliveira: Dom Joao VI no Brasil, 1808-1821. Rio de Janeiro, 1908.
Ludwig, A.: A colonizacao nos paizes da America do Sul. Porto Alegre, 1916.
Lufft, Dr. Hermann: Das portugiesische Suedamerika. Berlin and Leipzig, 1913. (Sammlung Goeschen. No. 672.)
Marcondes de Souza, T. Oscar: O Estado de Sao Paulo. Sao Paulo, 1915.
d'Oliveira, Luiz Rodriguez: Algumas Ideias sobre a Colonisacao do Brazil. Paris, 1871. (Pamphlet.)
Orlando, Arthur: Brazil. A Terra e o Homem. Recife, 1913.
Pereira da Silva, J.M.: Quadros da Historia Colonial do Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, 1895.
Perrin, Paul: Les Colonies Agricoles au Bresil d'apres les documents officiels les plus recents. Paris, 1912.
Piccarolo, Dott. Antonio: L'Emigrazione Italiana nello Stato de S. Paulo. Sao Paulo, 1911.
Pompeu, Julio: Vier Staaten Brasiliens. Four Brazilian States. Rio de Janeiro, 1910.
Prospekt der Hanseatischen Kolonisation-Gesellschaft. Ansiedelungen im Staate Santa Catharina, Suedbrasilien, Kolonie "Hansa." (Pamphlet.) Hamburg, 1898.
Ratschlaege fuer Auswanderer nach Suedbrasilien. (Jannasch, Koseritz, Doerffel, Sellin.) Berlin, 1897, (3d ed.)
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FOOTNOTES:
[Footnote 41: V. note 29, p. 18.]
[Footnote 42: I.e., Pedreiras, Parelheiros, M'Boy, Colonia Velha and Itapecerica.]
[Footnote 43: V. note 27, p. 18.]
[Footnote 44: I.e., Brazilian of Portuguese extraction.]
[Footnote 45: In den Schneizen [of Santa Cruz and Sao Lourenco] sprechen sogar die dort aufgewachsenen Neger Hunsruecker Dialekt.... Ein Musterreiter bereiste einst ... die Rio Grandenser Kolonieen. Als er an einen Kreuzweg kam, sah er zwei Schwarze am Wege im Felde hocken. Er fragte sie auf Portugiesisch um den richtigen Weg. "Wat seggt de Kirl?" fragt ein Schwarzer den andern. "Ah, ihr sprecht deutsch?" ... "Ja," war die Antwort, "mir sein deitsche Neger."
E. Niemeyer in "Deutsche Siedler und Siedlungen im Urwald." Uhle's Kalender for 1912, p. 76.]
[Footnote 46: This rule holds for the Portuguese, but not for the German 'j' as e.g., where the latter replaces the 'h' in jatte (from hiate), the 'i' or 'y' in cuja (from cuia, cuya) or the 'lh' in cangalje (from cangalho). In such cases the 'j' has the phonetic value of the English 'y'.]
[Footnote 47: See note 4, p. 19.]
[Footnote 48: The outlying districts of Santo Amaro in Sao Paulo. V. note 2, p. 19.]
[Footnote 49: Joinville in Dona Francisca, state of Santa Catharina.]
[Footnote 50: For a further example of a short proper name compare the one commonly applied to the small town "O'" (contraction of "Nossa Senhora do O'"), located a short distance to the northwest of Sao Paulo.]
[Footnote 51: This commonly applies to naturalized as well as to native-born German Brazilians.]
[Footnote 52: Political propaganda literature intended to lead the unwary to draw different conclusions has been copiously spread before the public during the last decade. Whatever the ideas on the subject may be in foreign countries, the German Brazilians themselves are the only ones who can speak on it with authority. Strange to say, they never seem to be consulted or studied at first hand by those who speak most loudly about the "German peril" in Brazil. Porto Alegre, Blumenau, Joinville and Curityba can furnish more accurate information on this particular subject than Berlin, Paris, London and New York.]
[Footnote 53: Several specific examples will be noted in the specimens from advertisements in almanacs and newspapers, pp. 36-39.]
[Footnote 54: By P. Th. Amstadt, S.J. The story appears in the Familienfreund for 1917, P. 39 ff.]
[Footnote 55: Viezuechter.]
[Footnote 56: Feigenbaum.]
[Footnote 57: Landgut.]
[Footnote 58: Read 60 Milreis.]
[Footnote 59: Winterquatier.]
[Footnote 60: Conto= 1000 Milreis.]
[Footnote 61: Freund.]
[Footnote 62: Schlaechterei.]
[Footnote 63: Viehhaendler.]
[Footnote 64: Schenke.]
[Footnote 65: Fertig.]
[Footnote 66: Gepraege.]
[Footnote 67: Uhles Familienkalender, 1916, p. 318.]
[Footnote 68: Ibid., p. 300.]
[Footnote 69: Ibid., p. 315.]
[Footnote 70: Ibid., p~ 297.]
[Footnote 71: Familienfreund, 1917, p. xxv.]
[Footnote 72: Ibid., p. xxvii.]
[Footnote 73: Riograndenser Marienkalender, 1917, p. 128.]
[Footnote 74: Rotermund's Kalender fuer die Deutschen in Brasilien, 1915, p. 410.]
[Footnote 75: Uhle's Familienkalender, 1917, p. 170.]
[Footnote 76: Deutsche Zeitung, Porto Alegre, July 20, 1916.]
[Footnote 77: Vaterland, Porto Alegre, September 18, 1916.]
[Footnote 78: Ibid.]
[Footnote 79: Blumenauer Zeitung, August 22, 1916.]
[Footnote 80: Brusker Zeitung, August 12, 1916.]
[Footnote 81: Deutsches Volksblatt, Porto Alegre, July 5, 1916.]
[Footnote 82: Kolonie-Zeitung, Joinville, August 17, 1916.]
[Footnote 83: Die Serra-Post, Ijuhy, Rio Grande do Sul, September 15, 1916.]
[Footnote 84: From Funke's Aus Deutsch-Brasilien, p. 167.]
[Footnote 85: Unverhofftes Gewinn.]
[Footnote 86: Reisetasche.]
[Footnote 87: Waldpfadswanze.]
[Footnote 88: Baumwolle.]
[Footnote 89: Gingan.]
[Footnote 90: Reitermaentel.]
[Footnote 91: Preisermaessigung.]
[Footnote 92: Kaufladen.]
[Footnote 93: Maulesel.]
[Footnote 94: 10,000 milreis.]
[Footnote 95: Guten Tag!]
[Footnote 96: V. Breitenbach: Aus Sued-Brasilien, p. 247.]
[Footnote 97: Verdeck.]
[Footnote 98: Scheck.]
[Footnote 99: Falbe.]
[Footnote 100: Tierhaendler.]
[Footnote 101: Hochland.]
[Footnote 102: Gevatter.]
[Footnote 103: Tor.]
[Footnote 104: Waldstrasse.]
[Footnote 105: Lichtung.]
[Footnote 106: Maiskolben.]
[Footnote 107: Maultier.]
[Footnote 108: Kuerbisse.]
[Footnote 109: ="portreiro" (Weideplats, Koppel).]
[Footnote 110: Graben.]
[Footnote 111: Boeschungen.]
[Footnote 112: Waldmesser.]
[Footnote 113: Bambus.]
[Footnote 114: Lianen.]
[Footnote 115: Guerteltier.]
[Footnote 116: Buschsichel.]
[Footnote 117: Wettrennen.]
[Footnote 118: Mehl.]
[Footnote 119: Kleinhaendler.]
[Footnote 120: Gezogen.]
[Footnote 121: Geschlagen.]
[Footnote 122: Packsattel.]
[Footnote 123: Of the words appearing in the GLOSSARY the writer acknowledges as his source for the following the Verdeutschungsheft by G.A. Buechler, Blumenau, 1915: Backeljau, balse, kaschimbo, lelong, multe, multieren, orsament, pikarette, rekerieren, rossieren, sellieren, strupiat, wolte, zise.]
[Footnote 124: It is to be remembered, however, that High German is the norm in ordinary news articles in almanacs, newspapers, etc., as well as for literary purposes in general. In such instances Brazilian German forms appear relatively rarely.]
[Footnote 125: All words or phrases thus noted have since been observed in print in Brazilian German publications, with the exception of agriao and bond.]
[Footnote 126: The simple word "Portuguese" is particularly avoided here (as well as throughout this work generally) because the language as spoken by the general public in Brazil frequently differs from the language of Portugal. While the same in form, the words often have a different meaning. Also many Indian words, especially from the Guarany and Tupi languages, are embodied in the Brazilian national idiom.]
[Footnote 127: This applies to the written, but not always to the spoken language.]
[Footnote 128: I.e., like the use of the word "sou" in France, "Groschen" in Germany, or "penny" in the United States.]
[Footnote 129: V. Grimm-Ruecker: Lehr-und Lesebuch, p. iii.]
[Footnote 130: Because of existing conditions it has been impossible to determine whether this work has as yet appeared in print.]
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Transcriber's Notes:
The following corrections regarding the original were made:
[Footnote TN1: The original has here a wrong spelling: COPYWRIGHT instead of COPYRIGHT]
[Footnote TN2: The original has here a wrong spelling: Vorabeiter instead of Vorarbeiter]
[Footnote TN3: The original has here a wrong spelling: abfertitgen instead of abfertigen]
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