III. DENOMINATIONAL AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS

SCHOOL LOCATION DATE OF OPENING NUMBER OF PUPILS 1912-1913 -+ -+ + - California Holden Home Oral School San Francisco 1913 6 St. Joseph's Home for the Deaf Oakland 1895 26 Georgia Miss Arbaugh's School for Deaf Children Macon 1912 9 Illinois Ephpheta School for the Deaf Chicago 1884 95 The McCowen Homes for Deaf Children Chicago 1883 40 Louisiana Chinchuba Deaf-Mute Institute Chinchuba 1890 40 Maryland Home School for Little Deaf Children Kensington 1908 10 F. Knapp's English and German Institute Baltimore 1877 25 St. Francis Xavier's School for the Deaf Irvington 1897 31 Massachusetts The Sarah Fuller Home for Little Deaf West Medford 1888 16 Children Michigan Evangelical Lutheran Deaf-Mute Institute North Detroit 1873 29 Missouri Immaculate Conception Institute for the Deaf St. Louis 1885 70 New York Reno Margulies School for the Deaf New York 1901 18 The Wright Oral School New York 1894 28 Ohio Notre Dame School for the Deaf Cincinnati 1890 10 Miss Breckinridge's School Cincinnati 1906 3 Pennsylvania Archbishop Ryan Memorial Institute for Philadelphia 1912 19 Deaf-Mutes De Paul Institute for Deaf-Mutes Pittsburgh 1908 64 Forrest Hall Philadelphia 1901 7 South Dakota Black Hills School for the Deaf Lead 1911 2 Wisconsin St. John's Institute for Deaf-Mutes St. Francis 1876 90



INDEX

Accidents as a cause of deafness, 17.

Admission into schools, 157, 166-168, 262-267. See Fees; Restrictions.

Adult deaf in schools, 267n. See Evening schools; Homes.

Adventitious deafness, 16-40; ages of occurrence of, 18; action for the prevention of, 21-26; as an increasing or decreasing phenomenon, 27-40; causes of, 17-21; conclusions respecting, 59, 60, 309.

Age of occurrence of deafness, 7-10, 12, 17, 18.

Agricola, Rudolph, 121.

Aid to the deaf, see Homes for the deaf; Legislation; Private organizations. —— for schools, see Clothing and transportation; Private benefactions.

Aims of first schools, 147-154.

Alabama, education in, 172, 176n, 182, 184, 209, 297.

Alms-houses, deaf in, 79.

Alms-seekers, deaf as, 83-85, 316.

Alphabet for deaf, see Manual alphabet.

American Association to Promote the Teaching of Speech to the Deaf, 109, 113, 114.

American possessions, education in, 240.

American School, 132n, 134-139, 141n, 156n, 181, 299, 306. See Connecticut.

Amman, John, 124.

Ancient treatment of deaf, 63, 119.

"Annals of the Deaf, American", 115.

Appropriations for schools, state, 136, 161, 163, 295, 321. See Day schools; Semi-public schools.

Arizona, education in, 185, 209, 300.

Arkansas, education in, 183, 210.

Associations of the deaf, see Societies.

"Asylums", use of term, 104, 148, 251n, 256n.

Attendance in schools, 165, 268-276. See Age limits.

Auricular instruction, 283, 285-287.

Austine Institution, 306. See Vermont.

Baker, Henry, 123.

Baptist Church, work of, see Church work.

Bartlett, David E., 156n.

Bede, Venerable, 121.

Bell, A. G., 5n, 108.

Benefactions, see Private benefactions; Endowment funds.

Blind associated with deaf, 99n. See Dual schools.

Boarding institutions, 168, 169, 187.

Bolling, William, 131.

Bonet, Juan, 122.

Bonifaccio, Giovanni, 121.

Braidwood, John, 131, 132.

Braidwood, Thomas, 127.

Bulwer, John, 122.

California, education in, 176, 183, 191, 192, 193, 202, 204, 210, 305.

Camerarius, Rudolph, 125.

Carion, Ramirez de, 123.

Cardano, Girolamo, 121.

Castro, Pietro de, 121.

Catholic Church, work of, see Church work; Denominational schools.

Causes of deafness, see Adventitious deafness; Congenital deafness.

Census of deaf, how taken, 5n, 14.

Charges to pupils, see Fees; Restrictions.

Charities, boards of, 182, 183. See Charity; States, provision in.

Charity in connection with schools, 104, 147, 248-261, 322; conclusions respecting, 260; in best sense, 249; in legal sense, 252n; opposition to connection, 256; popular conceptions of charity, 250; regard by states, 248; views of boards of charities, 254; views of deaf, 259; views of instructors, 259.

Church work for deaf, 96, 110-113. See Private benefactions.

Cities, aid of to schools, 161-163, 301. See Day schools; States, provision in.

Clarke School, 281, 306. See Massachusetts.

Classes of pupils, see Gradations.

Classical allusions to the deaf, 119.

Clerc, Laurent, 135.

Clothing and transportation provided for pupils, 255, 264, 265, 296, 307.

Clubs of deaf, see Societies.

Cogswell, Alice, 134.

College for the deaf, see Gallaudet College.

Colorado, education in, 176, 184, 211, 297, 305.

Colonies for the deaf, 89n.

Combined method of instruction, 283, 285-287.

Communication, methods of among deaf, 11, 12, 277-287.

Compulsory education, 272-276, 320.

Conference of Principals, 113, 114.

Congenital deafness, 41-60; as an increasing or decreasing phenomenon, 57; conclusions respecting, 60-62, 310; consanguineous marriages affecting, 42; deaf parents affecting, 46; deaf relatives affecting, 45; possible action for the prevention of, 52.

Congregational Church, work of, see Church work.

Congress, action of, see National government.

Connecticut, education in, 136, 138, 171, 173, 183, 211, 305. See American School.

Consanguineous marriages, 42, 54, 60. See Congenital deafness.

Constitutional provisions, 64, 169, 242-247, 321.

Control, boards of, 183.

Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf, 113, 114.

Corporations, see Semi-public schools.

Cost of education, 293-298, 322; for maintenance, 295; for new buildings, 294; in day schools, 192; per pupil, 298; to states sending outside, 297. See Property, value of; Semi-public schools.

County aid to schools, 162, 265, 296; officers, work of, 166, 275n.

Courses of study, 287.

Court decisions relating to deaf, 65, 71. See Law, attitude of.

Crimes, responsibility of deaf for, 65, 72.

Dactylology, see Manual alphabet.

Dalgarno, George, 123.

Day schools, 168, 187-201, 318; arguments against, 197; arguments for, 194; co-operation with institutions, 189, 190; co-ordination with public schools, 190, 193; design of, 188; equipment of, 193, 196; evening schools as part of, 200, 201; institutions as, 187; laws for, 192; number, 187, 191; pupils in, 193; support, 192, 193. See Methods of instruction; States, provision in.

"Deaf", meaning of term, 3.

"Deaf-and-dumb", see "Deaf".

Deaf-blind, 5n, 178-179, 307.

"Deaf-mute", 9n, 286n. See "Deaf".

"Deaf-mutism", 101n.

Deafness in different states, 5.

"Defective" class, the deaf as a, 100.

Delaware, education in, 141, 171, 185, 212.

Denominational and private schools, 168, 202-205, 319. See Methods of instruction; States, provision in.

Dependent class, the deaf as a, 103. See Economic condition.

Deschamps, 126.

Difficulties of early schools, 144, 145, 164, 165.

Diseases, effect of, see Adventitious deafness.

District of Columbia, education in, 171, 172n, 182, 185n, 212, 213, 296, 305. See Gallaudet College.

Dual schools, 173, 176, 177, 293n, 294n, 295n.

Dues, see Fees.

"Dumbness", see "Deaf".

Ear, diseases of, see Adventitious Deafness.

Early attempts at instruction, 129-133. —— workers, character of, 155, 156.

Economic condition of deaf, 75-90, 314, 316; conclusions respecting, 90; deafness, effect of, 75, 80, 83; occupations of deaf, 76, 77; unions, members of, 82n; views of deaf, 81; wage-earners, extent as, 76-78, 81, 82. See Alms-houses; Dependent class; Homes; Industrial training.

Education, associations for, 113, 114; boards of, 184, 185, 248, 258; See States, provision in. ——, condition of deaf before, 146, 148-154, 312.

Employment of deaf, see Economic condition.

Endowment funds, 172, 174, 295. See Private benefactions.

England, early education in, 121-123, 127.

Epee, abbe de l', 126, 127.

Ephpheta School, 306. See Illinois.

Eugenics, see Congenital deafness.

Europe, first schools in, 119-128; recognition in of work in America, 170n.

Evening schools for adults, 200, 201.

Exhibits of deaf pupils, 136, 142, 158, 159, 160.

Farming as an industry, 83n, 90n, 291, 292. See Economic condition.

Fay, Barnabas M., 156n.

Feeble-minded deaf, 179, 180.

Fees for pupils, 143, 157. See Admission into schools; Denominational schools; Restrictions. —— in semi-public schools, membership, 156, 173, 181, 304.

Fiction, deaf in, 100n.

Finger-spelling, see Manual alphabet; Sign language.

First schools, 131, 134-144.

Florida, education in, 176, 183, 184, 213.

France, early education in, 125-127.

Fraternal organizations of deaf, 95, 96.

Gallaudet College, 168, 206-208, 265n, 319. See District of Columbia.

Gallaudet, Edward Miner, 207n.

Gallaudet, Thomas Hopkins, 134-136, 138n, 156n.

Georgia, education in, 138, 143, 182, 191, 193, 204n, 214.

Germany, early education in, 121, 124, 125.

Gifts, see Private benefactions.

Government of institutions, 180-185. See States, provision in.

Gradations of pupils, 287-289.

Graduates of schools, 80, 288, 289.

Green, Francis, 130.

Guardians for deaf, 67, 68.

"Hard of hearing", 3n; schools for, 202n.

Harrower, John, 129.

Hearing in school children, defective, 24.

Hebrew work for deaf, see Church work.

Heinicke, Samuel, 125.

Heredity, see Congenital deafness.

Holder, William, 123.

Holland, early education in, 124.

Homes for deaf, 85-89, 314; extent of, 87, 88; purpose, 86; support, 89. —— for children, 254n, 296n. See Denominational and private schools; Boarding institutions.

Horace Mann School, 188, 282. See Massachusetts.

Hubbell, Horatio N., 156n.

Hutton, Abraham B., 156n.

Idaho, education in, 176, 183, 184, 214.

Ideas of early schools, 144-147.

Illinois, education in, 144, 183, 191, 192, 193, 202, 204, 214, 215, 305.

Immigration in respect to deaf, 66.

Impostors simulating deafness, 82-84, 316.

Increase of deafness, see Adventitious deafness; Congenital deafness.

Indiana, education in, 142, 157, 183, 184, 216.

Indigent pupils, see Admission into schools; Clothing and transportation; Fees; Restrictions.

Industrial training, 80, 169, 193, 199, 205, 290-292, 319.

Institutions, general arrangements of, 171-186; government, 180-185; arguments against, 194; arguments for, 197. See Boarding institutions; Methods of instruction; States, provision in.

Instructors, associations of, 113, 114; number of, 288; training schools for, 289n.

Insurance companies and the deaf, 104; among the deaf, 95, 96.

Interpreters for deaf, 65, 74, 112n.

Iowa, education in, 144, 183, 216.

Italy, early education in, 121, 124.

Jacobs, John A., 156n.

Kansas, education in, 184, 217.

Kendall School, see Gallaudet College; District of Columbia.

Kentucky, education in, 141, 142, 157, 164n, 184, 217, 297, 299.

Kerger, 125.

Kerr, William D., 156n.

Kilpatrick, John, 132.

Kindergarten departments, see Denominational and private schools; Gradations of pupils.

Labor bureaus for deaf, 71, 81n.

Ladies' societies, 88n, 161n, 173n.

Land given for schools, 137, 141, 162, 299-302. See States, provision in.

Language, difficulty of for deaf, 198, 201, 287.

Law, general attitude of toward deaf, 63-74; trend of, 73; need of changed regard, 314. See Legal exceptions; Legislation.

Le Couteulx St. Mary's Institution, 306. See New York.

Legal exceptions, views of deaf respecting, 74n.

Legislation in aid of deaf, 68-71; discriminatory, 66; in protection, 67, 68.

Legislatures, appeals to, 159, 160. See Appropriations; Law, attitude of; States, provision in.

Lip-reading, 10, 284. See Speech.

Location of schools, 163, 301.

Louisiana, education in, 172n, 183, 184, 191, 193, 202, 218.

Lutheran Church, work of, see Church work; Denominational schools.

McIntyre, Thomas, 156n.

Maine, education in, 138, 183, 218.

Mann, Horace, 281.

Manual alphabet, 11, 12, 277, 278. See Sign language.

Manual alphabet method, 285-287.

Manual method, 285-287.

Maryland, education in, 141, 172, 173, 176n, 183, 202-205, 219.

Marriages of deaf, advisability of, 46, 54-56; laws to prohibit, 56n; partners in, 55; possibilities of deaf offspring, 46-52. See Congenital deafness.

Massachusetts, education in, 130, 138, 171, 173, 184, 191, 193n, 219, 305. See Clarke School; Horace Mann School; New England Industrial School; Sarah Fuller Home.

Medical bodies and prevention of deafness, 25, 26. See Adventitious deafness.

Mendicancy, see Alms-seekers.

Methodist Church, work of, see Church work.

Methods of instruction, 193, 205, 277-287.

Michigan, education in, 183, 191, 192, 202, 221, 301.

Middle ages, education in, 120.

Minnesota, education in, 183, 184, 191, 193, 222.

Mississippi, education in, 182, 223.

Missions, see Church work for deaf; Legislation in aid of deaf.

Missouri, education in, 142n, 144, 183, 191, 193, 202, 223.

Montana, education in, 176, 182, 183, 184, 224, 300.

Montans, Peter, 124.

"Mute", see "Deaf".

National college, see Gallaudet College.

National Educational Association, 114.

National government, granting land for schools, 137, 141, 162, 299, 300; creating Gallaudet College, 206-208. See District of Columbia.

Nebraska, education in, 183, 224.

Negroes, education of, 172, 176n, 185n, 268n.

Nelson Philip, 129.

Nevada, education in, 171, 185, 224.

New England School, 306. See Massachusetts.

New England states, interest in American School, 136, 137, 138.

New Hampshire, education in, 138, 171, 185, 225.

New Jersey, education in, 140, 141, 184, 191, 192, 225.

New Mexico, education in, 182, 185n, 225.

New York, education in, 131, 139, 140, 148n, 171, 173, 183, 184, 191-193, 204, 226-229, 305. See Le Couteulx St. Mary's Institution; New York Institution; New York Institution for Improved Instruction; St. Joseph's Institution.

New York Institution, 131, 132n, 139, 140, 161n, 187n, 280n, 306. See New York.

New York Institution for Improved Instruction, 281, 306. See New York.

North Carolina, education in, 143, 172, 176n, 183, 184, 229.

North Dakota, education in, 183, 230, 297, 300.

Occupations of deaf, see Economic condition.

[OE]colampadius, 124.

Offspring, deaf, see Marriages of deaf.

Ohio, education in, 142, 143n, 157n, 183, 191, 192, 202, 205, 230.

Oklahoma education in, 172, 176, 183, 184, 185n, 231.

Opinions of deaf, see Charity; Economic condition; Legal exceptions.

Oral method, 187n, 193, 205, 279-287, 296n.

Oregon, education in, 183, 185n, 191, 232.

Papers of deaf, 97, 116; of schools, 116, 292. See Publications for deaf.

Parents, deaf, and offspring, see Marriages of deaf.

Parents' associations, 109.

Partially deaf, 3n.

Pasch, 125.

Pay pupils, see Fees.

Peet, Harvey P., 156n.

Pereire, 126.

Pennsylvania, education in, 140, 141, 171, 173, 183, 202-204, 233, 234, 305. See Pennsylvania Institution; Western Pennsylvania Institution.

Pennsylvania Institution, 140, 141, 181, 187n, 306. See Pennsylvania.

Politics in schools, 185n, 322.

Ponce de Leon, Pedro, 122.

Popular conceptions of deaf, 99-106, 313, 314.

Prevention of deafness, see Adventitious deafness; Congenital deafness.

Principals, Conference of, 113, 114.

Private benefactions, 135, 136, 140, 142, 158, 160, 161, 163, 173-176, 179, 181, 281, 295, 296, 301, 303-308, 321. See Denominational and private schools; Homes; Private organizations; States, provision in.

Private organizations for deaf, 107-116. See Denominational schools; Semi-public schools.

Private schools, see Denominational and private schools.

Property, value of, 293.

Protestant Episcopal Church, work of, see Church work.

Public appropriations, see Appropriations.

Public schools, deaf in, see Day schools.

Publications for deaf, 115, 307n. See Papers; Volta Bureau.

Pupils, at beginning, 165; number of, 288; proportion in attendance, 268-270. See Clothing; Fees; Gradations; Restrictions.

Quasi-public schools, see Semi-public schools.

Rae, Luzerne, 156n.

Raphel, Georges, 125.

Relatives, deaf, see Congenital deafness.

Relief for needy deaf, 69, 95, 112.

Religious work, see Church work; Denominational schools.

Restrictions, 157, 166, 262, 263, 318. See Fees; Age-limits.

Rhode Island, education in, 138, 184, 234.

St. Francis de Sales, 124.

St. Joseph's Institution, 306. See New York.

Sarah Fuller Home, 306. See Denominational and private schools; Massachusetts.

Schott, Gaspard, 125.

Seixas, David, 140.

Self-supporting, the deaf as, see Economic condition.

"Semi-deaf", 9n, 286n.

"Semi-mute", 9n, 286n.

Semi-public schools, 156, 172-176, 180, 181, 295n, 297, 303.

Sensational accounts of deaf, 105n.

Settlements, social, work of, 107n.

Sibscota, George, 123.

Sicard, 127.

Sign language, 11, 12, 92, 187n, 277-279. See Manual alphabet.

Societies for deaf, see Private organizations.

Social organization of deaf, 91-98.

Societies of the deaf, 92-96; desirability, 93; purposes, 94-96.

Solidarity of deaf, 78n, 94, 95.

South Carolina, education in, 138, 144, 176, 182, 184, 235.

South Dakota, education in, 183, 204n, 235, 300.

Spain, early education in, 122, 123.

Speech, 8-12, 279-284; ability of deaf in, 8, 9, 284; growth of teaching of, 282-284; relation to sense of hearing, 3, 4. See Oral method.

Stanford, John, 131, 139.

State, action of, see Law, attitude of.

States, provision in, 209-241; lands given by, 301; without schools, procedure in, 169, 171, 185, 297. See Appropriations; Charity; Constitutional provisions; Government of institutions.

Stone, Collins, 156n.

Strange class, deaf as a, 99.

Subsidies, see Appropriations; Semi-public schools.

Support of schools, see Cost.

Tax, exemptions of deaf from, 65, 69.

Taxation for schools, special, 163, 172, 297.

Teachers, see Instructors.

Tennessee, education in, 143, 182, 183, 184, 236.

Terms, see Admission into schools.

Terzi, Lana, 124.

Texas, education in, 172, 176n, 182, 236.

Thornton, William, 133n.

Totally deaf, see "Deaf".

Trades, see Industrial training; Economic condition.

Transportation, see Clothing.

Trustees of schools, 163, 169, 180-184, 185n. See Homes; Denominational schools; States, provision in.

Turner, William W., 156n.

Unhappy class, deaf as, 102.

United States, number of deaf in, 5. See American possessions.

Utah, education in, 176, 182, 185n, 236, 300.

Vagrants, see Impostors.

Value of property, see Property.

Van Helmont, Jan Baptista, 124.

Van Nostrand, Jacob, 156n.

Vanin, 126.

Vermont, education in, 138, 173, 176, 237.

Virginia, education in, 131-133, 142, 172, 176, 183, 184, 237.

Volta Bureau, 108, 109, 115.

"Volta Review", 109, 115.

Wages paid to deaf, see Economic condition.

Walker, Newton P., 156n.

Wallis, John, 123.

Washington, education in, 183, 185n, 191, 192, 238.

Weld, Louis, 156n.

West Virginia, education in, 172n, 176, 183, 185n, 238.

Western Pennsylvania Institution, 187n, 188n, 306. See Pennsylvania.

Wills of deaf, 65, 72, 73.

Wisconsin, education in, 144, 183, 188n, 191, 192, 202, 239.

Witness, the deaf as, 72.

Writing as means of communication, 11, 12, 285, 286.

Wyoming, education in, 171, 185, 240.

Young Men's Christian Association, work of, 107n.



Transcriber's Corrections:

Page 19. Chapter II. "ceramen" to cerumen. Impacted cerumen

Page 19n. Chapter II. "ceramen" to cerumen. ... ear trouble, impacted cerumen is usually found ...

Page 28. Chapter II. "1800" to 1880. NUMBER OF THE ADVENTITIOUSLY DEAF IN 1880, 1890 AND 1900

Page 32. Table IV. 8th column "1902/1901" to 1901/1902.

Page 69. Chapter III. "is" to in. Thus in Missouri we find a statute of 1843 allowing ...

Page 128n. Chapter VIII. "appendicies" to appendices. ... Mississippi School, appendices, 1907, 1909, 1911 ...

Page 158. Chapter IX. "nucleii" to nuclei. ... schools were thus often the nuclei of the ...

Page 202n. Chapter XII. "nucleii" to nuclei. ... which were the nuclei of the state ...

Page 222. Chapter XIV. "Saulte" to Sault. ... Sault Ste. Marie, 1906; ...

Page 253. Chapter XVI. "superintendant" to superintendent ... By one superintendent it has been stated ...

Page 259. Chapter XVI. "Rosolved" to Resolved. Resolved, that the deaf youth of our land ...

Page 304. Chapter XXII. "suffcient" to sufficient. ... are quite sufficient to enable us to ...

Page 320. Chapter XXIII. "educaton" to education. ... work of the education of the deaf ...

Page 329. Appendix B. "Annez" to Annex. Public School, Queens, (Annex to School 47, Manhattan)

Page 333 & 339. Index. No entry for "Age Limits". Relevant information can be found in Ch. XVII, pp. 265-267, under the heading "Age Limits of Attendance".

Page 334. Index. "Giralamo" to Girolamo. Cardano, Girolamo, 121.

Page 335, 337 & 340. Index. "provisions" to provision. See ... States, provision in ...

Page 340. Index. "schools" to institutions. See ... Government of institutions.

Page 340. Index. "of pupils" to into schools. Terms, see Admission into schools.

THE END