Niue on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand

Norfolk Island none (territory of Australia)

Northern Mariana Islands none (commonwealth in political union with the US)

Norway 7 June 1905 (Norway declared the union with Sweden dissolved); 26 October 1905 (Sweden agreed to the repeal of the union)

Oman 1650 (expulsion of the Portuguese)

Pakistan 14 August 1947 (from British India)

Palau 1 October 1994 (from the US-administered UN trusteeship)

Panama 3 November 1903 (from Colombia; became independent from Spain 28 November 1821)

Papua New Guinea 16 September 1975 (from the Australian-administered UN trusteeship)

Paraguay 14 May 1811 (from Spain)

Peru 28 July 1821 (from Spain)

Philippines 12 June 1898 (independence proclaimed from Spain); 4 July 1946 (from the US)

Pitcairn Islands none (overseas territory of the UK)

Poland 11 November 1918 (republic proclaimed)

Portugal 1143 (Kingdom of Portugal recognized); 5 October 1910 (republic proclaimed)

Puerto Rico none (territory of the US with commonwealth status)

Qatar 3 September 1971 (from UK)

Romania 9 May 1877 (independence proclaimed from the Ottoman Empire; independence recognized 13 July 1878 by the Treaty of Berlin); 26 March 1881 (kingdom proclaimed); 30 December 1947 (republic proclaimed)

Russia 24 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Rwanda 1 July 1962 (from Belgium-administered UN trusteeship)

Saint Barthelemy none (overseas collectivity of France)

Saint Helena none (overseas territory of the UK)

Saint Kitts and Nevis 19 September 1983 (from UK)

Saint Lucia 22 February 1979 (from UK)

Saint Martin none (overseas collectivity of France)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 27 October 1979 (from UK)

Samoa 1 January 1962 (from New Zealand-administered UN trusteeship)

San Marino 3 September AD 301

Sao Tome and Principe 12 July 1975 (from Portugal)

Saudi Arabia 23 September 1932 (unification of the kingdom)

Senegal 4 April 1960 (from France); note - complete independence achieved upon dissolution of federation with Mali on 20 August 1960

Serbia 5 June 2006 (from Serbia and Montenegro)

Seychelles 29 June 1976 (from UK)

Sierra Leone 27 April 1961 (from UK)

Singapore 9 August 1965 (from Malaysian Federation)

Slovakia 1 January 1993 (Czechoslovakia split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia)

Slovenia 25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia)

Solomon Islands 7 July 1978 (from UK)

Somalia 1 July 1960 (from a merger of British Somaliland, which became independent from the UK on 26 June 1960, and Italian Somaliland, which became independent from the Italian-administered UN trusteeship on 1 July 1960, to form the Somali Republic)

South Africa 31 May 1910 (Union of South Africa formed from four British colonies: Cape Colony, Natal, Transvaal, and Orange Free State); 31 May 1961 (republic declared) 27 April 1994 (majority rule)

Spain the Iberian peninsula was characterized by a variety of independent kingdoms prior to the Muslim occupation that began in the early 8th century A.D. and lasted nearly seven centuries; the small Christian redoubts of the north began the reconquest almost immediately, culminating in the seizure of Granada in 1492; this event completed the unification of several kingdoms and is traditionally considered the forging of present-day Spain

Sri Lanka 4 February 1948 (from UK)

Sudan 1 January 1956 (from Egypt and UK)

Suriname 25 November 1975 (from the Netherlands)

Svalbard none (territory of Norway)

Swaziland 6 September 1968 (from UK)

Sweden 6 June 1523 (Gustav VASA elected king)

Switzerland 1 August 1291 (founding of the Swiss Confederation)

Syria 17 April 1946 (from League of Nations mandate under French administration)

Tajikistan 9 September 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Tanzania 26 April 1964; Tanganyika became independent 9 December 1961 (from UK-administered UN trusteeship); Zanzibar became independent 19 December 1963 (from UK); Tanganyika united with Zanzibar 26 April 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar; renamed United Republic of Tanzania 29 October 1964

Thailand 1238 (traditional founding date; never colonized)

Timor-Leste 28 November 1975 (independence proclaimed from Portugal); note - 20 May 2002 is the official date of international recognition of Timor-Leste's independence from Indonesia

Togo 27 April 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship)

Tokelau none (territory of New Zealand)

Tonga 4 June 1970 (from UK protectorate)

Trinidad and Tobago 31 August 1962 (from UK)

Tunisia 20 March 1956 (from France)

Turkey 29 October 1923 (successor state to the Ottoman Empire)

Turkmenistan 27 October 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Turks and Caicos Islands none (overseas territory of the UK)

Tuvalu 1 October 1978 (from UK)

Uganda 9 October 1962 (from UK)

Ukraine 24 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)

United Arab Emirates 2 December 1971 (from UK)

United Kingdom England has existed as a unified entity since the 10th century; the union between England and Wales, begun in 1284 with the Statute of Rhuddlan, was not formalized until 1536 with an Act of Union; in another Act of Union in 1707, England and Scotland agreed to permanently join as Great Britain; the legislative union of Great Britain and Ireland was implemented in 1801, with the adoption of the name the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; the Anglo-Irish treaty of 1921 formalized a partition of Ireland; six northern Irish counties remained part of the United Kingdom as Northern Ireland and the current name of the country, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, was adopted in 1927

United States 4 July 1776 (from Great Britain)

Uruguay 25 August 1825 (from Brazil)

Uzbekistan 1 September 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Vanuatu 30 July 1980 (from France and UK)

Venezuela 5 July 1811 (from Spain)

Vietnam 2 September 1945 (from France)

Virgin Islands none (territory of the US)

Wallis and Futuna none (overseas territory of France)

Yemen 22 May 1990 (Republic of Yemen was established with the merger of the Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen] and the Marxist-dominated People's Democratic Republic of Yemen [Yemen (Aden) or South Yemen]); note - previously North Yemen became independent in November 1918 (from the Ottoman Empire) and became a republic with the overthrow of the theocratic Imamate in 1962; South Yemen became independent on 30 November 1967 (from the UK)

Zambia 24 October 1964 (from UK)

Zimbabwe 18 April 1980 (from UK)

This page was last updated on 18 December 2008



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@2089 Industrial production growth rate (%)

Afghanistan NA%

Albania 4% (2007 est.)

Algeria 5% (2007 est.)

American Samoa NA%

Andorra NA%

Angola 23.9% (2007 est.)

Anguilla 3.1% (1997 est.)

Antigua and Barbuda NA%

Argentina 7.5% (2007 est.)

Armenia 3.2% (2007 est.)

Aruba NA%

Australia 4.1% (2007 est.)

Austria 5.7% (2007 est.)

Azerbaijan 25% (2007 est.)

Bahamas, The NA%

Bahrain 5.2% (2007 est.)

Bangladesh 8.4% (2007 est.)

Barbados -3.2% (2000 est.)

Belarus 5% (2007 est.)

Belgium 2.8% (2007 est.)

Belize 0.5% (2007 est.)

Benin 4.5% (2007 est.)

Bermuda NA%

Bhutan 9.3% (1996 est.)

Bolivia 1.1% (2007 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina 6.7% (2007 est.)

Botswana 4.2% (2007 est.)

Brazil 4.9% (2007 est.)

British Virgin Islands NA%

Brunei 1.8% (2005 est.)

Bulgaria 14% (2007 est.)

Burkina Faso 5.2% (2007 est.)

Burma 9% (2007 est.)

Burundi 6.4% (2007 est.)

Cambodia 15% (2007 est.)

Cameroon 3.5% (2007 est.)

Canada 0.3% (2007 est.)

Cape Verde 7.5% (2007 est.)

Cayman Islands NA%

Central African Republic 3% (2002)

Chad 2% (2007 est.)

Chile 11.1% (2007 est.)

China 13.4% (2007 est.)

Colombia 9.8% (2007 est.)

Comoros -2% (1999 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the NA%

Congo, Republic of the -12% (2007 est.)

Cook Islands 1% (2002)

Costa Rica 7.3% (2007 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire -1.8% (2007 est.)

Croatia 5.3% (2007 est.)

Cuba 2.5% (2007 est.)

Cyprus 3.8% (2007 est.)

Czech Republic 9.8% (2007 est.)

Denmark 0.5% (2007 est.)

Djibouti 3% (1996 est.)

Dominica -10% (1997 est.)

Dominican Republic 2.4% (2007 est.)

Ecuador 1.4% (2007 est.)

Egypt 7.5% (2007 est.)

El Salvador 3.4% (2007 est.)

Equatorial Guinea 10.1% (2007 est.)

Eritrea 2% (2007 est.)

Estonia 7.7% (2007 est.)

Ethiopia 11% (2007 est.)

European Union 3.2% (2006 est.)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) NA%

Faroe Islands 8% (1999 est.)

Fiji NA%

Finland 8.1% (2007 est.)

France 1.8% (2007 est.)

French Polynesia NA%

Gabon 5.2% (2007 est.)

Gambia, The -2.3% (2007 est.)

Gaza Strip 2.4% (includes West Bank) (2005)

Georgia 13.4% (2007 est.)

Germany 5.2% (2007 est.)

Ghana 7.8% (2007 est.)

Gibraltar NA%

Greece 2.2% (2007 est.)

Greenland NA%

Grenada 0.7% (1997 est.)

Guam NA%

Guatemala 4.8% (2007 est.)

Guernsey NA%

Guinea 7.6% (2007 est.)

Guinea-Bissau 4.7% (2003 est.)

Guyana -26.4% (2007 est.)

Haiti 2.5% (2007 est.)

Honduras 4.4% (2007 est.)

Hong Kong -0.8% (2007 est.)

Hungary 3.5% (2007 est.)

Iceland 9% (2007 est.)

India 8.5% (2007 est.)

Indonesia 4.7% (2007 est.)

Iran 4.8% excluding oil (2007 est.)

Iraq 7.9% (2007 est.)

Ireland 5% (2007 est.)

Isle of Man 3.2% (FY96/97)

Israel 4.1% (2007 est.)

Italy 0.6% (2007 est.)

Jamaica 1.2% (2007 est.)

Japan 1.3% (2007 est.)

Jersey NA%

Jordan 7.7% (2007 est.)

Kazakhstan 7.2% (2007 est.)

Kenya 6.8% (2007 est.)

Kiribati 0.7% (1991 est.)

Korea, North NA%

Korea, South 5.5% (2007 est.)

Kuwait 1.7% (2007 est.)

Kyrgyzstan 9.3% (2007 est.)

Laos 12% (2007 est.)

Latvia 5.4% (2007 est.)

Lebanon NA%

Lesotho 12% (2007 est.)

Liberia NA%

Libya 5.6% (2007 est.)

Liechtenstein NA%

Lithuania 7.4% (2007 est.)

Luxembourg 1.7% (2007 est.)

Macau 3.8% (3rd quarter, 2007)

Macedonia 1.7% (2007 est.)

Madagascar 6% (2007 est.)

Malawi 4.4% (2007 est.)

Malaysia 3.3% (2007 est.)

Maldives -0.9% (2004 est.)

Mali NA%

Malta NA%

Marshall Islands NA%

Mauritania 2% (2000 est.)

Mauritius 4.7% (2007 est.)

Mayotte NA%

Mexico 1.4% (2007 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of NA%

Moldova 1% (2007 est.)

Monaco NA%

Mongolia 3% (2006 est.)

Montserrat NA%

Morocco 5% (2007 est.)

Mozambique 10% (2007 est.)

Namibia 9% (2007 est.)

Nauru NA%

Nepal 2.2% (FY05/06)

Netherlands 3.1% (2007 est.)

Netherlands Antilles NA%

New Caledonia -0.6% (1996)

New Zealand 1.5% (2007 est.)

Nicaragua 5% (2007 est.)

Niger 5.1% (2003 est.)

Nigeria 3.2% (2007 est.)

Niue NA%

Northern Mariana Islands NA%

Norway 0.1% (2007 est.)

Oman 3.2% (2007 est.)

Pakistan 8% (2007 est.)

Palau NA%

Panama 10.5% (2007 est.)

Papua New Guinea 6.4% (2007 est.)

Paraguay -1% (2007 est.)

Peru 9.8% (2007 est.)

Philippines 7.1% (2007 est.)

Poland 8.9% (2007 est.)

Portugal 2.3% (2007 est.)

Puerto Rico NA%

Qatar 8% (2007 est.)

Romania 10.6% (2007 est.)

Russia 7.4% (2007 est.)

Rwanda 13.1% (2007 est.)

Saint Helena NA%

Saint Kitts and Nevis NA%

Saint Lucia -8.9% (1997 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon NA%

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines -0.9% (1997 est.)

Samoa 2.8% (2000)

San Marino 5.6% (2005 est.)

Sao Tome and Principe 7% (2007 est.)

Saudi Arabia 2.9% (2007 est.)

Senegal 5.2% (2007 est.)

Serbia 1.8% (2007 est.)

Seychelles 7% (2007 est.)

Sierra Leone NA%

Singapore 7.4% (2007 est.)

Slovakia 17.2% (2007 est.)

Slovenia 9.5% (2007 est.)

Solomon Islands NA%

Somalia NA%

South Africa 4.4% (2007 est.)

Spain 3.1% (2007 est.)

Sri Lanka 7.6% (2007 est.)

Sudan 22% (2007 est.)

Suriname 6.5% (1994 est.)

Swaziland 1.1% (2007 est.)

Sweden 3% (2007 est.)

Switzerland 6.5% (2006 est.)

Syria 2.5% (2007 est.)

Taiwan 9.2% (2007 est.)

Tajikistan 5% (2007 est.)

Tanzania 9.5% (2007 est.)

Thailand 5.4% (2007 est.)

Timor-Leste 8.5% (2004 est.)

Togo 1% (2007 est.)

Tonga 1% (2003 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago 6.5% (2007 est.)

Tunisia 7.2% (2007 est.)

Turkey 5.4% (2007 est.)

Turkmenistan 10.3% (2007 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands NA%

Tuvalu NA%

Uganda 5.8% (2007 est.)

Ukraine 6% (2007 est.)

United Arab Emirates 4.3% (2007 est.)

United Kingdom 0.5% (2007 est.)

United States -1.7% (2007 est.)

Uruguay 7.9% (2007 est.)

Uzbekistan 12.1% (2007 est.)

Vanuatu 1% (1997 est.)

Venezuela 3.9% (2007 est.)

Vietnam 10.6% (2007 est.)

Virgin Islands NA%

Wallis and Futuna NA%

West Bank 2.4% (includes Gaza Strip) (2005)

Western Sahara NA%

World 5% (2007 est.)

Yemen 3.2% (2007 est.)

Zambia 6.3% (2007 est.)

Zimbabwe -5% (2007 est.)

This page was last updated on 18 December 2008



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@2090 Industries

Afghanistan small-scale production of textiles, soap, furniture, shoes, fertilizer, cement; handwoven carpets; natural gas, coal, copper

Albania food processing, textiles and clothing; lumber, oil, cement, chemicals, mining, basic metals, hydropower

Algeria petroleum, natural gas, light industries, mining, electrical, petrochemical, food processing

American Samoa tuna canneries (largely supplied by foreign fishing vessels), handicrafts

Andorra tourism (particularly skiing), cattle raising, timber, banking, tobacco, furniture

Angola petroleum; diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite, uranium, and gold; cement; basic metal products; fish processing; food processing, brewing, tobacco products, sugar; textiles; ship repair

Anguilla tourism, boat building, offshore financial services

Antigua and Barbuda tourism, construction, light manufacturing (clothing, alcohol, household appliances)

Argentina food processing, motor vehicles, consumer durables, textiles, chemicals and petrochemicals, printing, metallurgy, steel

Armenia diamond-processing, metal-cutting machine tools, forging-pressing machines, electric motors, tires, knitted wear, hosiery, shoes, silk fabric, chemicals, trucks, instruments, microelectronics, jewelry manufacturing, software development, food processing, brandy

Aruba tourism, transshipment facilities, oil refining

Australia mining, industrial and transportation equipment, food processing, chemicals, steel

Austria construction, machinery, vehicles and parts, food, metals, chemicals, lumber and wood processing, paper and paperboard, communications equipment, tourism

Azerbaijan petroleum and natural gas, petroleum products, oilfield equipment; steel, iron ore; cement; chemicals and petrochemicals; textiles

Bahamas, The tourism, banking, cement, oil transshipment, salt, rum, aragonite, pharmaceuticals, spiral-welded steel pipe

Bahrain petroleum processing and refining, aluminum smelting, iron pelletization, fertilizers, Islamic and offshore banking, insurance, ship repairing, tourism

Bangladesh cotton textiles, jute, garments, tea processing, paper newsprint, cement, chemical fertilizer, light engineering, sugar

Barbados tourism, sugar, light manufacturing, component assembly for export

Belarus metal-cutting machine tools, tractors, trucks, earthmovers, motorcycles, televisions, synthetic fibers, fertilizer, textiles, radios, refrigerators

Belgium engineering and metal products, motor vehicle assembly, transportation equipment, scientific instruments, processed food and beverages, chemicals, basic metals, textiles, glass, petroleum

Belize garment production, food processing, tourism, construction, oil

Benin textiles, food processing, construction materials, cement

Bermuda international business, tourism, light manufacturing

Bhutan cement, wood products, processed fruits, alcoholic beverages, calcium carbide, tourism

Bolivia mining, smelting, petroleum, food and beverages, tobacco, handicrafts, clothing

Bosnia and Herzegovina steel, coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, manganese, bauxite, vehicle assembly, textiles, tobacco products, wooden furniture, tank and aircraft assembly, domestic appliances, oil refining

Botswana diamonds, copper, nickel, salt, soda ash, potash; livestock processing; textiles

Brazil textiles, shoes, chemicals, cement, lumber, iron ore, tin, steel, aircraft, motor vehicles and parts, other machinery and equipment

British Virgin Islands tourism, light industry, construction, rum, concrete block, offshore financial center

Brunei petroleum, petroleum refining, liquefied natural gas, construction

Bulgaria electricity, gas, water; food, beverages, tobacco; machinery and equipment, base metals, chemical products, coke, refined petroleum, nuclear fuel

Burkina Faso cotton lint, beverages, agricultural processing, soap, cigarettes, textiles, gold

Burma agricultural processing; wood and wood products; copper, tin, tungsten, iron; cement, construction materials; pharmaceuticals; fertilizer; natural gas; garments, jade and gems

Burundi light consumer goods such as blankets, shoes, soap; assembly of imported components; public works construction; food processing

Cambodia tourism, garments, rice milling, fishing, wood and wood products, rubber, cement, gem mining, textiles

Cameroon petroleum production and refining, aluminum production, food processing, light consumer goods, textiles, lumber, ship repair

Canada transportation equipment, chemicals, processed and unprocessed minerals, food products, wood and paper products, fish products, petroleum and natural gas

Cape Verde food and beverages, fish processing, shoes and garments, salt mining, ship repair

Cayman Islands tourism, banking, insurance and finance, construction, construction materials, furniture

Central African Republic gold and diamond mining, logging, brewing, textiles, footwear, assembly of bicycles and motorcycles

Chad oil, cotton textiles, meatpacking, brewing, natron (sodium carbonate), soap, cigarettes, construction materials

Chile copper, other minerals, foodstuffs, fish processing, iron and steel, wood and wood products, transport equipment, cement, textiles

China mining and ore processing, iron, steel, aluminum, and other metals, coal; machine building; armaments; textiles and apparel; petroleum; cement; chemicals; fertilizers; consumer products, including footwear, toys, and electronics; food processing; transportation equipment, including automobiles, rail cars and locomotives, ships, and aircraft; telecommunications equipment, commercial space launch vehicles, satellites

Christmas Island tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands copra products and tourism

Colombia textiles, food processing, oil, clothing and footwear, beverages, chemicals, cement; gold, coal, emeralds

Comoros fishing, tourism, perfume distillation

Congo, Democratic Republic of the mining (diamonds, gold, copper, cobalt, coltan zinc), mineral processing, consumer products (including textiles, footwear, cigarettes, processed foods and beverages), cement, commercial ship repair

Congo, Republic of the petroleum extraction, cement, lumber, brewing, sugar, palm oil, soap, flour, cigarettes

Cook Islands fruit processing, tourism, fishing, clothing, handicrafts

Costa Rica microprocessors, food processing, medical equipment, textiles and clothing, construction materials, fertilizer, plastic products

Cote d'Ivoire foodstuffs, beverages; wood products, oil refining, truck and bus assembly, textiles, fertilizer, building materials, electricity, ship construction and repair

Croatia chemicals and plastics, machine tools, fabricated metal, electronics, pig iron and rolled steel products, aluminum, paper, wood products, construction materials, textiles, shipbuilding, petroleum and petroleum refining, food and beverages, tourism

Cuba sugar, petroleum, tobacco, construction, nickel, steel, cement, agricultural machinery, pharmaceuticals

Cyprus tourism, food and beverage processing, cement and gypsum production, ship repair and refurbishment, textiles, light chemicals, metal products, wood, paper, stone, and clay products

Czech Republic metallurgy, machinery and equipment, motor vehicles, glass, armaments

Denmark iron, steel, nonferrous metals, chemicals, food processing, machinery and transportation equipment, textiles and clothing, electronics, construction, furniture and other wood products, shipbuilding and refurbishment, windmills, pharmaceuticals, medical equipment

Dhekelia none

Djibouti construction, agricultural processing

Dominica soap, coconut oil, tourism, copra, furniture, cement blocks, shoes

Dominican Republic tourism, sugar processing, ferronickel and gold mining, textiles, cement, tobacco

Ecuador petroleum, food processing, textiles, wood products, chemicals

Egypt textiles, food processing, tourism, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, hydrocarbons, construction, cement, metals, light manufactures

El Salvador food processing, beverages, petroleum, chemicals, fertilizer, textiles, furniture, light metals

Equatorial Guinea petroleum, fishing, sawmilling, natural gas

Eritrea food processing, beverages, clothing and textiles, light manufacturing, salt, cement

Estonia engineering, electronics, wood and wood products, textiles; information technology, telecommunications

Ethiopia food processing, beverages, textiles, leather, chemicals, metals processing, cement

European Union among the world's largest and most technologically advanced, the European Union industrial base includes: ferrous and non-ferrous metal production and processing, metal products, petroleum, coal, cement, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, aerospace, rail transportation equipment, passenger and commercial vehicles, construction equipment, industrial equipment, shipbuilding, electrical power equipment, machine tools and automated manufacturing systems, electronics and telecommunications equipment, fishing, food and beverage processing, furniture, paper, textiles, tourism

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) fish and wool processing; tourism

Faroe Islands fishing, fish processing, small ship repair and refurbishment, handicrafts

Fiji tourism, sugar, clothing, copra, gold, silver, lumber, small cottage industries

Finland metals and metal products, electronics, machinery and scientific instruments, shipbuilding, pulp and paper, foodstuffs, chemicals, textiles, clothing

France machinery, chemicals, automobiles, metallurgy, aircraft, electronics; textiles, food processing; tourism

French Polynesia tourism, pearls, agricultural processing, handicrafts, phosphates

Gabon petroleum extraction and refining; manganese, gold; chemicals, ship repair, food and beverages, textiles, lumbering and plywood, cement

Gambia, The processing peanuts, fish, and hides; tourism, beverages, agricultural machinery assembly, woodworking, metalworking, clothing

Gaza Strip generally small family businesses that produce textiles, soap, olive-wood carvings, and mother-of-pearl souvenirs; the Israelis had established some small-scale modern industries in an industrial center, but operations ceased prior to Israel's evacuation of Gaza Strip settlements

Georgia steel, aircraft, machine tools, electrical appliances, mining (manganese and copper), chemicals, wood products, wine

Germany among the world's largest and most technologically advanced producers of iron, steel, coal, cement, chemicals, machinery, vehicles, machine tools, electronics, food and beverages, shipbuilding, textiles

Ghana mining, lumbering, light manufacturing, aluminum smelting, food processing, cement, small commercial ship building

Gibraltar tourism, banking and finance, ship repairing, tobacco

Greece tourism, food and tobacco processing, textiles, chemicals, metal products; mining, petroleum

Greenland fish processing (mainly shrimp and Greenland halibut); gold, niobium, tantalite, uranium, iron and diamond mining; handicrafts, hides and skins, small shipyards

Grenada food and beverages, textiles, light assembly operations, tourism, construction

Guam US military, tourism, construction, transshipment services, concrete products, printing and publishing, food processing, textiles

Guatemala sugar, textiles and clothing, furniture, chemicals, petroleum, metals, rubber, tourism

Guernsey tourism, banking

Guinea bauxite, gold, diamonds, iron; alumina refining; light manufacturing, and agricultural processing

Guinea-Bissau agricultural products processing, beer, soft drinks

Guyana bauxite, sugar, rice milling, timber, textiles, gold mining

Haiti sugar refining, flour milling, textiles, cement, light assembly based on imported parts

Holy See (Vatican City) printing; production of coins, medals, postage stamps; a small amount of mosaics and staff uniforms; worldwide banking and financial activities

Honduras sugar, coffee, textiles, clothing, wood products

Hong Kong textiles, clothing, tourism, banking, shipping, electronics, plastics, toys, watches, clocks

Hungary mining, metallurgy, construction materials, processed foods, textiles, chemicals (especially pharmaceuticals), motor vehicles

Iceland fish processing; aluminum smelting, ferrosilicon production; geothermal power, tourism

India textiles, chemicals, food processing, steel, transportation equipment, cement, mining, petroleum, machinery, software

Indonesia petroleum and natural gas, textiles, apparel, footwear, mining, cement, chemical fertilizers, plywood, rubber, food, tourism

Iran petroleum, petrochemicals, fertilizers, caustic soda, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food processing (particularly sugar refining and vegetable oil production), ferrous and non-ferrous metal fabrication, armaments

Iraq petroleum, chemicals, textiles, leather, construction materials, food processing, fertilizer, metal fabrication/processing

Ireland steel, lead, zinc, silver, aluminum, barite, and gypsum mining processing; food products, brewing, textiles, clothing; chemicals, pharmaceuticals; machinery, rail transportation equipment; glass and crystal; software, tourism

Isle of Man financial services, light manufacturing, tourism

Israel high-technology projects (including aviation, communications, computer-aided design and manufactures, medical electronics, fiber optics), wood and paper products, potash and phosphates, food, beverages, and tobacco, caustic soda, cement, construction, metals products, chemical products, plastics, diamond cutting, textiles, footwear

Italy tourism, machinery, iron and steel, chemicals, food processing, textiles, motor vehicles, clothing, footwear, ceramics

Jamaica tourism, bauxite/alumina, agro processing, light manufactures, rum, cement, metal, paper, chemical products, telecommunications

Japan among world's largest and technologically advanced producers of motor vehicles, electronic equipment, machine tools, steel and nonferrous metals, ships, chemicals, textiles, processed foods

Jersey tourism, banking and finance, dairy, electronics

Jordan clothing, phosphate mining, fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, petroleum refining, cement, potash, inorganic chemicals, light manufacturing, tourism

Kazakhstan oil, coal, iron ore, manganese, chromite, lead, zinc, copper, titanium, bauxite, gold, silver, phosphates, sulfur, iron and steel; tractors and other agricultural machinery, electric motors, construction materials

Kenya small-scale consumer goods (plastic, furniture, batteries, textiles, clothing, soap, cigarettes, flour), agricultural products, horticulture, oil refining; aluminum, steel, lead; cement, commercial ship repair, tourism

Kiribati fishing, handicrafts

Korea, North military products; machine building, electric power, chemicals; mining (coal, iron ore, limestone, magnesite, graphite, copper, zinc, lead, and precious metals), metallurgy; textiles, food processing; tourism

Korea, South electronics, telecommunications, automobile production, chemicals, shipbuilding, steel

Kosovo mineral mining, construction materials, base metals, leather, machinery, appliances

Kuwait petroleum, petrochemicals, cement, shipbuilding and repair, water desalination, food processing, construction materials

Kyrgyzstan small machinery, textiles, food processing, cement, shoes, sawn logs, refrigerators, furniture, electric motors, gold, rare earth metals

Laos copper, tin, gold, and gypsum mining; timber, electric power, agricultural processing, construction, garments, tourism, cement

Latvia buses, vans, street and railroad cars; synthetic fibers, agricultural machinery, fertilizers, washing machines, radios, electronics, pharmaceuticals, processed foods, textiles; note - dependent on imports for energy and raw materials

Lebanon banking, tourism, food processing, wine, jewelry, cement, textiles, mineral and chemical products, wood and furniture products, oil refining, metal fabricating

Lesotho food, beverages, textiles, apparel assembly, handicrafts, construction, tourism

Liberia rubber processing, palm oil processing, timber, diamonds

Libya petroleum, iron and steel, food processing, textiles, handicrafts, cement

Liechtenstein electronics, metal manufacturing, dental products, ceramics, pharmaceuticals, food products, precision instruments, tourism, optical instruments

Lithuania metal-cutting machine tools, electric motors, television sets, refrigerators and freezers, petroleum refining, shipbuilding (small ships), furniture making, textiles, food processing, fertilizers, agricultural machinery, optical equipment, electronic components, computers, amber jewelry

Luxembourg banking and financial services, iron and steel, information technology, telecommunications, cargo transportation, food processing, chemicals, metal products, engineering, tires, glass, aluminum, tourism

Macau tourism, gambling, clothing, textiles, electronics, footwear, toys

Macedonia food processing, beverages, textiles, chemicals, iron, steel, cement, energy, pharmaceuticals

Madagascar meat processing, seafood, soap, breweries, tanneries, sugar, textiles, glassware, cement, automobile assembly plant, paper, petroleum, tourism

Malawi tobacco, tea, sugar, sawmill products, cement, consumer goods

Malaysia Peninsular Malaysia - rubber and oil palm processing and manufacturing, light manufacturing, electronics, tin mining and smelting, logging, timber processing; Sabah - logging, petroleum production; Sarawak - agriculture processing, petroleum production and refining, logging

Maldives tourism, fish processing, shipping, boat building, coconut processing, garments, woven mats, rope, handicrafts, coral and sand mining

Mali food processing; construction; phosphate and gold mining

Malta tourism, electronics, ship building and repair, construction, food and beverages, pharmaceuticals, footwear, clothing, tobacco

Marshall Islands copra, tuna processing, tourism, craft items (from seashells, wood, and pearls)

Mauritania fish processing, mining of iron ore and gypsum

Mauritius food processing (largely sugar milling), textiles, clothing, mining, chemicals, metal products, transport equipment, nonelectrical machinery, tourism

Mayotte newly created lobster and shrimp industry, construction

Mexico food and beverages, tobacco, chemicals, iron and steel, petroleum, mining, textiles, clothing, motor vehicles, consumer durables, tourism

Micronesia, Federated States of tourism, construction; fish processing, specialized aquaculture; craft items (from shell, wood, and pearls)

Moldova sugar, vegetable oil, food processing, agricultural machinery; foundry equipment, refrigerators and freezers, washing machines; hosiery, shoes, textiles

Monaco tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer products

Mongolia construction and construction materials; mining (coal, copper, molybdenum, fluorspar, tin, tungsten, and gold); oil; food and beverages; processing of animal products, cashmere and natural fiber manufacturing

Montenegro steelmaking, aluminum, agricultural processing, consumer goods, tourism

Montserrat tourism, rum, textiles, electronic appliances

Morocco phosphate rock mining and processing, food processing, leather goods, textiles, construction, tourism

Mozambique food, beverages, chemicals (fertilizer, soap, paints), aluminum, petroleum products, textiles, cement, glass, asbestos, tobacco

Namibia meatpacking, fish processing, dairy products; mining (diamonds, lead, zinc, tin, silver, tungsten, uranium, copper)

Nauru phosphate mining, offshore banking, coconut products

Nepal tourism, carpets, textiles; small rice, jute, sugar, and oilseed mills; cigarettes, cement and brick production

Netherlands agroindustries, metal and engineering products, electrical machinery and equipment, chemicals, petroleum, construction, microelectronics, fishing

Netherlands Antilles tourism (Curacao, Sint Maarten, and Bonaire), petroleum refining (Curacao), petroleum transshipment facilities (Curacao and Bonaire), light manufacturing (Curacao)

New Caledonia nickel mining and smelting

New Zealand food processing, wood and paper products, textiles, machinery, transportation equipment, banking and insurance, tourism, mining

Nicaragua food processing, chemicals, machinery and metal products, textiles, clothing, petroleum refining and distribution, beverages, footwear, wood

Niger uranium mining, cement, brick, soap, textiles, food processing, chemicals, slaughterhouses

Nigeria crude oil, coal, tin, columbite; palm oil, peanuts, cotton, rubber, wood; hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel, small commercial ship construction and repair

Niue tourism, handicrafts, food processing

Norfolk Island tourism, light industry, ready mixed concrete

Northern Mariana Islands tourism, construction, garments, handicrafts

Norway petroleum and gas, food processing, shipbuilding, pulp and paper products, metals, chemicals, timber, mining, textiles, fishing

Oman crude oil production and refining, natural and liquefied natural gas (LNG) production; construction, cement, copper, steel, chemicals, optic fiber

Pakistan textiles and apparel, food processing, pharmaceuticals, construction materials, paper products, fertilizer, shrimp

Palau tourism, craft items (from shell, wood, pearls), construction, garment making

Panama construction, brewing, cement and other construction materials, sugar milling

Papua New Guinea copra crushing, palm oil processing, plywood production, wood chip production; mining of gold, silver, and copper; crude oil production, petroleum refining; construction, tourism

Paraguay sugar, cement, textiles, beverages, wood products, steel, metallurgic, electric power

Peru mining and refining of minerals; steel, metal fabrication; petroleum extraction and refining, natural gas; fishing and fish processing, textiles, clothing, food processing

Philippines electronics assembly, garments, footwear, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, wood products, food processing, petroleum refining, fishing

Pitcairn Islands postage stamps, handicrafts, beekeeping, honey

Poland machine building, iron and steel, coal mining, chemicals, shipbuilding, food processing, glass, beverages, textiles

Portugal textiles, clothing, footwear, wood and cork, paper, chemicals, auto-parts manufacturing, base metals, diary products, wine and other foods, porcelain and ceramics, glassware, technology, telecommunications; ship construction and refurbishment; tourism

Puerto Rico pharmaceuticals, electronics, apparel, food products, tourism

Qatar crude oil production and refining, ammonia, fertilizers, petrochemicals, steel reinforcing bars, cement, commercial ship repair

Romania electric machinery and equipment, textiles and footwear, light machinery and auto assembly, mining, timber, construction materials, metallurgy, chemicals, food processing, petroleum refining

Russia complete range of mining and extractive industries producing coal, oil, gas, chemicals, and metals; all forms of machine building from rolling mills to high-performance aircraft and space vehicles; defense industries including radar, missile production, and advanced electronic components, shipbuilding; road and rail transportation equipment; communications equipment; agricultural machinery, tractors, and construction equipment; electric power generating and transmitting equipment; medical and scientific instruments; consumer durables, textiles, foodstuffs, handicrafts

Rwanda cement, agricultural products, small-scale beverages, soap, furniture, shoes, plastic goods, textiles, cigarettes

Saint Helena construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing, philatelic sales

Saint Kitts and Nevis tourism, cotton, salt, copra, clothing, footwear, beverages

Saint Lucia clothing, assembly of electronic components, beverages, corrugated cardboard boxes, tourism; lime processing, coconut processing

Saint Martin tourism, light industry and manufacturing, heavy industry

Saint Pierre and Miquelon fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines food processing, cement, furniture, clothing, starch

Samoa food processing, building materials, auto parts

San Marino tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine

Sao Tome and Principe light construction, textiles, soap, beer, fish processing, timber

Saudi Arabia crude oil production, petroleum refining, basic petrochemicals, ammonia, industrial gases, sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), cement, fertilizer, plastics, metals, commercial ship repair, commercial aircraft repair, construction

Senegal agricultural and fish processing, phosphate mining, fertilizer production, petroleum refining; iron ore, zircon, and gold mining, construction materials, ship construction and repair

Serbia sugar, agricultural machinery, electrical and communication equipment, paper and pulp, lead, transportation equipment

Seychelles fishing, tourism, processing of coconuts and vanilla, coir (coconut fiber) rope, boat building, printing, furniture; beverages

Sierra Leone diamond mining; small-scale manufacturing (beverages, textiles, cigarettes, footwear); petroleum refining, small commercial ship repair

Singapore electronics, chemicals, financial services, oil drilling equipment, petroleum refining, rubber processing and rubber products, processed food and beverages, ship repair, offshore platform construction, life sciences, entrepot trade

Slovakia metal and metal products; food and beverages; electricity, gas, coke, oil, nuclear fuel; chemicals and manmade fibers; machinery; paper and printing; earthenware and ceramics; transport vehicles; textiles; electrical and optical apparatus; rubber products

Slovenia ferrous metallurgy and aluminum products, lead and zinc smelting; electronics (including military electronics), trucks, automobiles, electric power equipment, wood products, textiles, chemicals, machine tools

Solomon Islands fish (tuna), mining, timber

Somalia a few light industries, including sugar refining, textiles, wireless communication

South Africa mining (world's largest producer of platinum, gold, chromium), automobile assembly, metalworking, machinery, textiles, iron and steel, chemicals, fertilizer, foodstuffs, commercial ship repair

Spain textiles and apparel (including footwear), food and beverages, metals and metal manufactures, chemicals, shipbuilding, automobiles, machine tools, tourism, clay and refractory products, footwear, pharmaceuticals, medical equipment

Sri Lanka processing of rubber, tea, coconuts, tobacco and other agricultural commodities; telecommunications, insurance, banking; clothing, textiles; cement, petroleum refining

Sudan oil, cotton ginning, textiles, cement, edible oils, sugar, soap distilling, shoes, petroleum refining, pharmaceuticals, armaments, automobile/light truck assembly

Suriname bauxite and gold mining, alumina production; oil, lumbering, food processing, fishing

Swaziland coal, wood pulp, sugar, soft drink concentrates, textiles and apparel

Sweden iron and steel, precision equipment (bearings, radio and telephone parts, armaments), wood pulp and paper products, processed foods, motor vehicles

Switzerland machinery, chemicals, watches, textiles, precision instruments, tourism, banking, and insurance

Syria petroleum, textiles, food processing, beverages, tobacco, phosphate rock mining, cement, oil seeds crushing, car assembly

Taiwan electronics, petroleum refining, armaments, chemicals, textiles, iron and steel, machinery, cement, food processing, vehicles, consumer products, pharmaceuticals

Tajikistan aluminum, zinc, lead; chemicals and fertilizers, cement, vegetable oil, metal-cutting machine tools, refrigerators and freezers

Tanzania agricultural processing (sugar, beer, cigarettes, sisal twine); diamond, gold, and iron mining, salt, soda ash; cement, oil refining, shoes, apparel, wood products, fertilizer

Thailand tourism, textiles and garments, agricultural processing, beverages, tobacco, cement, light manufacturing such as jewelry and electric appliances, computers and parts, integrated circuits, furniture, plastics, automobiles and automotive parts; world's second-largest tungsten producer and third-largest tin producer

Timor-Leste printing, soap manufacturing, handicrafts, woven cloth

Togo phosphate mining, agricultural processing, cement, handicrafts, textiles, beverages

Tokelau small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing

Tonga tourism, construction, fishing

Trinidad and Tobago petroleum, chemicals, tourism, food processing, cement, beverage, cotton textiles

Tunisia petroleum, mining (particularly phosphate and iron ore), tourism, textiles, footwear, agribusiness, beverages

Turkey textiles, food processing, autos, electronics, mining (coal, chromite, copper, boron), steel, petroleum, construction, lumber, paper

Turkmenistan natural gas, oil, petroleum products, textiles, food processing

Turks and Caicos Islands tourism, offshore financial services

Tuvalu fishing, tourism, copra

Uganda sugar, brewing, tobacco, cotton textiles; cement, steel production

Ukraine coal, electric power, ferrous and nonferrous metals, machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, food processing (especially sugar)

United Arab Emirates petroleum and petrochemicals; fishing, aluminum, cement, fertilizers, commercial ship repair, construction materials, some boat building, handicrafts, textiles

United Kingdom machine tools, electric power equipment, automation equipment, railroad equipment, shipbuilding, aircraft, motor vehicles and parts, electronics and communications equipment, metals, chemicals, coal, petroleum, paper and paper products, food processing, textiles, clothing, other consumer goods

United States leading industrial power in the world, highly diversified and technologically advanced; petroleum, steel, motor vehicles, aerospace, telecommunications, chemicals, electronics, food processing, consumer goods, lumber, mining

Uruguay food processing, electrical machinery, transportation equipment, petroleum products, textiles, chemicals, beverages

Uzbekistan textiles, food processing, machine building, metallurgy, gold, petroleum, natural gas, chemicals

Vanuatu food and fish freezing, wood processing, meat canning

Venezuela petroleum, construction materials, food processing, textiles; iron ore mining, steel, aluminum; motor vehicle assembly

Vietnam food processing, garments, shoes, machine-building; mining, coal, steel; cement, chemical fertilizer, glass, tires, oil, paper

Virgin Islands tourism, petroleum refining, watch assembly, rum distilling, construction, pharmaceuticals, textiles, electronics

Wallis and Futuna copra, handicrafts, fishing, lumber

West Bank generally small family businesses that produce cement, textiles, soap, olive-wood carvings, and mother-of-pearl souvenirs; the Israelis have established some small-scale, modern industries in the settlements and industrial centers

Western Sahara phosphate mining, handicrafts

World dominated by the onrush of technology, especially in computers, robotics, telecommunications, and medicines and medical equipment; most of these advances take place in OECD nations; only a small portion of non-OECD countries have succeeded in rapidly adjusting to these technological forces; the accelerated development of new industrial (and agricultural) technology is complicating already grim environmental problems

Yemen crude oil production and petroleum refining; small-scale production of cotton textiles and leather goods; food processing; handicrafts; small aluminum products factory; cement; commercial ship repair

Zambia copper mining and processing, construction, foodstuffs, beverages, chemicals, textiles, fertilizer, horticulture

Zimbabwe mining (coal, gold, platinum, copper, nickel, tin, clay, numerous metallic and nonmetallic ores), steel; wood products, cement, chemicals, fertilizer, clothing and footwear, foodstuffs, beverages

This page was last updated on 18 December 2008



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@2091 Infant mortality rate (deaths/1,000 live births)

Afghanistan total: 154.67 deaths/1,000 live births male: 158.88 deaths/1,000 live births female: 150.24 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Albania total: 19.31 deaths/1,000 live births male: 19.74 deaths/1,000 live births female: 18.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Algeria total: 28.75 deaths/1,000 live births male: 31.95 deaths/1,000 live births female: 25.39 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

American Samoa total: 10.46 deaths/1,000 live births male: 13.69 deaths/1,000 live births female: 7.03 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Andorra total: 3.68 deaths/1,000 live births male: 3.76 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Angola total: 182.31 deaths/1,000 live births male: 194.38 deaths/1,000 live births female: 169.64 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Anguilla total: 3.54 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.01 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.06 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Antigua and Barbuda total: 17.49 deaths/1,000 live births male: 20.21 deaths/1,000 live births female: 14.62 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Argentina total: 11.78 deaths/1,000 live births male: 13.12 deaths/1,000 live births female: 10.37 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Armenia total: 20.94 deaths/1,000 live births male: 25.82 deaths/1,000 live births female: 15.33 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Aruba total: 14.26 deaths/1,000 live births male: 18.92 deaths/1,000 live births female: 9.51 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Australia total: 4.82 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.15 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.47 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Austria total: 4.48 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.48 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.44 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Azerbaijan total: 56.43 deaths/1,000 live births male: 62.09 deaths/1,000 live births female: 49.98 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Bahamas, The total: 23.67 deaths/1,000 live births male: 28.89 deaths/1,000 live births female: 18.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Bahrain total: 15.64 deaths/1,000 live births male: 18.27 deaths/1,000 live births female: 12.93 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Bangladesh total: 57.45 deaths/1,000 live births male: 58.44 deaths/1,000 live births female: 56.41 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Barbados total: 11.05 deaths/1,000 live births male: 12.4 deaths/1,000 live births female: 9.69 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Belarus total: 6.53 deaths/1,000 live births male: 7.56 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.44 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Belgium total: 4.5 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.06 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.92 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Belize total: 23.65 deaths/1,000 live births male: 26.35 deaths/1,000 live births female: 20.81 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Benin total: 66.2 deaths/1,000 live births male: 69.68 deaths/1,000 live births female: 62.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Bermuda total: 7.87 deaths/1,000 live births male: 9.31 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Bhutan total: 51.92 deaths/1,000 live births male: 53.1 deaths/1,000 live births female: 50.69 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Bolivia total: 49.09 deaths/1,000 live births male: 52.54 deaths/1,000 live births female: 45.48 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina total: 9.34 deaths/1,000 live births male: 10.71 deaths/1,000 live births female: 7.87 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Botswana total: 44.01 deaths/1,000 live births male: 44.94 deaths/1,000 live births female: 43.04 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Brazil total: 23.33 deaths/1,000 live births male: 26.95 deaths/1,000 live births female: 19.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

British Virgin Islands total: 15.2 deaths/1,000 live births male: 17.23 deaths/1,000 live births female: 13.06 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Brunei total: 12.69 deaths/1,000 live births male: 15.19 deaths/1,000 live births female: 10.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Bulgaria total: 18.51 deaths/1,000 live births male: 22 deaths/1,000 live births female: 14.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Burkina Faso total: 86.02 deaths/1,000 live births male: 93.68 deaths/1,000 live births female: 78.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Burma total: 49.12 deaths/1,000 live births male: 55.53 deaths/1,000 live births female: 42.33 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Burundi total: 60.77 deaths/1,000 live births male: 67.6 deaths/1,000 live births female: 53.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Cambodia total: 56.59 deaths/1,000 live births male: 63.76 deaths/1,000 live births female: 49.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Cameroon total: 64.57 deaths/1,000 live births male: 69.39 deaths/1,000 live births female: 59.62 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Canada total: 5.08 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.4 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.75 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Cape Verde total: 42.55 deaths/1,000 live births male: 48.66 deaths/1,000 live births female: 36.25 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Cayman Islands total: 7.1 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.16 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.03 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Central African Republic total: 82.13 deaths/1,000 live births male: 88.84 deaths/1,000 live births female: 75.23 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Chad total: 100.36 deaths/1,000 live births male: 106.48 deaths/1,000 live births female: 94 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Chile total: 7.9 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.7 deaths/1,000 live births female: 7.06 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

China total: 21.16 deaths/1,000 live births male: 19.43 deaths/1,000 live births female: 23.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Christmas Island total: NA male: NA female: NA (2008 est.)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands total: NA male: NA female: NA (2008 est.)

Colombia total: 19.51 deaths/1,000 live births male: 23.18 deaths/1,000 live births female: 15.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Comoros total: 68.58 deaths/1,000 live births male: 76.65 deaths/1,000 live births female: 60.28 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the total: 83.11 deaths/1,000 live births male: 91.14 deaths/1,000 live births female: 74.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Congo, Republic of the total: 81.29 deaths/1,000 live births male: 86.9 deaths/1,000 live births female: 75.51 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Cook Islands total: NA male: NA female: NA (2008 est.)

Costa Rica total: 9.01 deaths/1,000 live births male: 9.92 deaths/1,000 live births female: 8.05 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire total: 69.76 deaths/1,000 live births male: 77.06 deaths/1,000 live births female: 62.25 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Croatia total: 6.49 deaths/1,000 live births male: 6.51 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Cuba total: 5.93 deaths/1,000 live births male: 6.64 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Cyprus total: 6.75 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.34 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Czech Republic total: 3.83 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.17 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Denmark total: 4.4 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.44 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.35 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Djibouti total: 99.13 deaths/1,000 live births male: 106.65 deaths/1,000 live births female: 91.38 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Dominica total: 14.12 deaths/1,000 live births male: 19 deaths/1,000 live births female: 9.01 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Dominican Republic total: 26.93 deaths/1,000 live births male: 29.01 deaths/1,000 live births female: 24.78 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Ecuador total: 21.35 deaths/1,000 live births male: 25.61 deaths/1,000 live births female: 16.88 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Egypt total: 28.36 deaths/1,000 live births male: 30.06 deaths/1,000 live births female: 26.57 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

El Salvador total: 22.19 deaths/1,000 live births male: 25.06 deaths/1,000 live births female: 19.18 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Equatorial Guinea total: 83.75 deaths/1,000 live births male: 84.85 deaths/1,000 live births female: 82.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Eritrea total: 44.34 deaths/1,000 live births male: 50.09 deaths/1,000 live births female: 38.42 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Estonia total: 7.45 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.62 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.21 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Ethiopia total: 82.64 deaths/1,000 live births male: 94.08 deaths/1,000 live births female: 70.87 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

European Union total: 6.38 deaths/1,000 live births male: 7.23 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.49 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) total: NA male: NA female: NA (2008 est.)

Faroe Islands total: 6.46 deaths/1,000 live births male: 6.69 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Fiji total: 11.88 deaths/1,000 live births male: 13.07 deaths/1,000 live births female: 10.63 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Finland total: 3.5 deaths/1,000 live births male: 3.81 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

France total: 3.36 deaths/1,000 live births male: 3.69 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.02 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

French Polynesia total: 7.7 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.84 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Gabon total: 52.65 deaths/1,000 live births male: 61.27 deaths/1,000 live births female: 43.77 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Gambia, The total: 68.72 deaths/1,000 live births male: 75.07 deaths/1,000 live births female: 62.18 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Gaza Strip total: 19 deaths/1,000 live births male: 20.22 deaths/1,000 live births female: 17.72 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Georgia total: 16.78 deaths/1,000 live births male: 18.81 deaths/1,000 live births female: 14.48 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Germany total: 4.03 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.46 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.58 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Ghana total: 52.31 deaths/1,000 live births male: 56.64 deaths/1,000 live births female: 47.85 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Gibraltar total: 4.91 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.46 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.33 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Greece total: 5.25 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.77 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Greenland total: 11.2 deaths/1,000 live births male: 12.84 deaths/1,000 live births female: 9.48 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Grenada total: 13.58 deaths/1,000 live births male: 13.25 deaths/1,000 live births female: 13.91 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Guam total: 6.55 deaths/1,000 live births male: 7.22 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.84 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Guatemala total: 28.79 deaths/1,000 live births male: 31.21 deaths/1,000 live births female: 26.24 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Guernsey total: 4.53 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.05 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.98 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Guinea total: 67.41 deaths/1,000 live births male: 71.02 deaths/1,000 live births female: 63.69 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Guinea-Bissau total: 101.64 deaths/1,000 live births male: 111.74 deaths/1,000 live births female: 91.25 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Guyana total: 30.43 deaths/1,000 live births male: 33.87 deaths/1,000 live births female: 26.82 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Haiti total: 62.33 deaths/1,000 live births male: 66.88 deaths/1,000 live births female: 57.64 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Honduras total: 24.61 deaths/1,000 live births male: 27.63 deaths/1,000 live births female: 21.43 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Hong Kong total: 2.93 deaths/1,000 live births male: 3.11 deaths/1,000 live births female: 2.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Hungary total: 8.03 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.74 deaths/1,000 live births female: 7.29 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Iceland total: 3.25 deaths/1,000 live births male: 3.39 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

India total: 32.31 deaths/1,000 live births male: 36.94 deaths/1,000 live births female: 27.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Indonesia total: 31.04 deaths/1,000 live births male: 36.14 deaths/1,000 live births female: 25.68 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Iran total: 36.93 deaths/1,000 live births male: 37.12 deaths/1,000 live births female: 36.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Iraq total: 45.43 deaths/1,000 live births male: 51.06 deaths/1,000 live births female: 39.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Ireland total: 5.14 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.63 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Isle of Man total: 5.62 deaths/1,000 live births male: 6.55 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.64 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Israel total: 4.28 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.43 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Italy total: 5.61 deaths/1,000 live births male: 6.19 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Jamaica total: 15.57 deaths/1,000 live births male: 16.19 deaths/1,000 live births female: 14.92 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Japan total: 2.8 deaths/1,000 live births male: 3 deaths/1,000 live births female: 2.58 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Jersey total: 5.01 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.36 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.63 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Jordan total: 15.57 deaths/1,000 live births male: 18.62 deaths/1,000 live births female: 12.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Kazakhstan total: 26.56 deaths/1,000 live births male: 31.03 deaths/1,000 live births female: 21.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Kenya total: 56.01 deaths/1,000 live births male: 58.95 deaths/1,000 live births female: 53.02 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Kiribati total: 44.69 deaths/1,000 live births male: 49.61 deaths/1,000 live births female: 39.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Korea, North total: 21.86 deaths/1,000 live births male: 23.46 deaths/1,000 live births female: 20.18 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Korea, South total: 4.29 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.52 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.04 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Kuwait total: 9.22 deaths/1,000 live births male: 10.2 deaths/1,000 live births female: 8.21 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Kyrgyzstan total: 32.3 deaths/1,000 live births male: 37.33 deaths/1,000 live births female: 27 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Laos total: 79.61 deaths/1,000 live births male: 88.9 deaths/1,000 live births female: 69.88 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Latvia total: 8.96 deaths/1,000 live births male: 10.85 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.97 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Lebanon total: 22.59 deaths/1,000 live births male: 25.08 deaths/1,000 live births female: 19.97 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Lesotho total: 78.59 deaths/1,000 live births male: 83.01 deaths/1,000 live births female: 74.03 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Liberia total: 143.89 deaths/1,000 live births male: 159.5 deaths/1,000 live births female: 127.81 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Libya total: 21.94 deaths/1,000 live births male: 24.14 deaths/1,000 live births female: 19.63 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Liechtenstein total: 4.52 deaths/1,000 live births male: 6.03 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Lithuania total: 6.57 deaths/1,000 live births male: 7.86 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.21 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Luxembourg total: 4.62 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.62 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.62 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Macau total: 3.23 deaths/1,000 live births male: 3.39 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Macedonia total: 9.27 deaths/1,000 live births male: 9.45 deaths/1,000 live births female: 9.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Madagascar total: 55.59 deaths/1,000 live births male: 60.59 deaths/1,000 live births female: 50.45 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Malawi total: 90.55 deaths/1,000 live births male: 94.69 deaths/1,000 live births female: 86.35 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Malaysia total: 16.39 deaths/1,000 live births male: 18.92 deaths/1,000 live births female: 13.68 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Maldives total: 30.63 deaths/1,000 live births male: 33.15 deaths/1,000 live births female: 27.98 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Mali total: 103.83 deaths/1,000 live births male: 113.41 deaths/1,000 live births female: 93.97 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Malta total: 3.79 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.25 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Marshall Islands total: 26.36 deaths/1,000 live births male: 29.58 deaths/1,000 live births female: 22.98 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Mauritania total: 66.65 deaths/1,000 live births male: 69.69 deaths/1,000 live births female: 63.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Mauritius total: 12.56 deaths/1,000 live births male: 14.94 deaths/1,000 live births female: 10.06 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Mayotte total: 57.88 deaths/1,000 live births male: 63.59 deaths/1,000 live births female: 52 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Mexico total: 19.01 deaths/1,000 live births male: 20.91 deaths/1,000 live births female: 17.02 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of total: 27.03 deaths/1,000 live births male: 29.8 deaths/1,000 live births female: 24.13 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Moldova total: 13.5 deaths/1,000 live births male: 14.95 deaths/1,000 live births female: 11.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Monaco total: 5.18 deaths/1,000 live births male: 6 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.33 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Mongolia total: 41.24 deaths/1,000 live births male: 44.41 deaths/1,000 live births female: 37.92 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Montserrat total: 16.46 deaths/1,000 live births male: 12.19 deaths/1,000 live births female: 20.93 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Morocco total: 38.22 deaths/1,000 live births male: 41.74 deaths/1,000 live births female: 34.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Mozambique total: 107.84 deaths/1,000 live births male: 110.67 deaths/1,000 live births female: 104.97 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Namibia total: 45.64 deaths/1,000 live births male: 49.24 deaths/1,000 live births female: 41.93 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Nauru total: 9.43 deaths/1,000 live births male: 11.84 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Nepal total: 62 deaths/1,000 live births male: 60.18 deaths/1,000 live births female: 63.91 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Netherlands total: 4.81 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.34 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.25 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Netherlands Antilles total: 9.36 deaths/1,000 live births male: 10.04 deaths/1,000 live births female: 8.64 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

New Caledonia total: 7.19 deaths/1,000 live births male: 7.85 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

New Zealand total: 4.99 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.62 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.33 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Nicaragua total: 25.91 deaths/1,000 live births male: 29.06 deaths/1,000 live births female: 22.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Niger total: 115.42 deaths/1,000 live births male: 119.3 deaths/1,000 live births female: 111.42 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Nigeria total: 95.74 deaths/1,000 live births male: 101.83 deaths/1,000 live births female: 89.28 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Niue total: NA male: NA female: NA (2008 est.)

Norfolk Island total: NA male: NA female: NA (2008 est.)

Northern Mariana Islands total: 6.72 deaths/1,000 live births male: 6.68 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.76 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Norway total: 3.61 deaths/1,000 live births male: 3.96 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.24 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Oman total: 17.45 deaths/1,000 live births male: 19.95 deaths/1,000 live births female: 14.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Pakistan total: 66.94 deaths/1,000 live births male: 67.04 deaths/1,000 live births female: 66.84 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Palau total: 13.69 deaths/1,000 live births male: 15.37 deaths/1,000 live births female: 11.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Panama total: 13.4 deaths/1,000 live births male: 14.35 deaths/1,000 live births female: 12.42 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Papua New Guinea total: 46.67 deaths/1,000 live births male: 50.68 deaths/1,000 live births female: 42.47 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Paraguay total: 25.55 deaths/1,000 live births male: 29.74 deaths/1,000 live births female: 21.16 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Peru total: 29.53 deaths/1,000 live births male: 32.02 deaths/1,000 live births female: 26.93 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Philippines total: 21.2 deaths/1,000 live births male: 23.86 deaths/1,000 live births female: 18.42 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Pitcairn Islands total: NA male: NA female: NA (2008 est.)

Poland total: 6.93 deaths/1,000 live births male: 7.66 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Portugal total: 4.85 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.31 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.36 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Puerto Rico total: 8.65 deaths/1,000 live births male: 9.15 deaths/1,000 live births female: 8.13 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Qatar total: 13.09 deaths/1,000 live births male: 13.99 deaths/1,000 live births female: 12.13 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Romania total: 23.73 deaths/1,000 live births male: 26.81 deaths/1,000 live births female: 20.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Russia total: 10.81 deaths/1,000 live births male: 12.34 deaths/1,000 live births female: 9.18 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Rwanda total: 83.42 deaths/1,000 live births male: 88.53 deaths/1,000 live births female: 78.16 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Saint Helena total: 18.31 deaths/1,000 live births male: 21.47 deaths/1,000 live births female: 14.98 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Saint Kitts and Nevis total: 14.34 deaths/1,000 live births male: 16.09 deaths/1,000 live births female: 12.48 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Saint Lucia total: 13.8 deaths/1,000 live births male: 12.75 deaths/1,000 live births female: 14.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon total: 7.04 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.06 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines total: 13.62 deaths/1,000 live births male: 14.83 deaths/1,000 live births female: 12.36 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Samoa total: 25.04 deaths/1,000 live births male: 29.56 deaths/1,000 live births female: 20.29 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

San Marino total: 5.44 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.86 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.98 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Sao Tome and Principe total: 38.36 deaths/1,000 live births male: 40.11 deaths/1,000 live births female: 36.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Saudi Arabia total: 11.94 deaths/1,000 live births male: 13.58 deaths/1,000 live births female: 10.23 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Senegal total: 58.93 deaths/1,000 live births male: 62.79 deaths/1,000 live births female: 54.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Seychelles total: 14.36 deaths/1,000 live births male: 18.18 deaths/1,000 live births female: 10.42 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Sierra Leone total: 156.48 deaths/1,000 live births male: 173.59 deaths/1,000 live births female: 138.85 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Singapore total: 2.3 deaths/1,000 live births male: 2.51 deaths/1,000 live births female: 2.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Slovakia total: 6.98 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.15 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.75 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Slovenia total: 4.3 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.87 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.69 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Solomon Islands total: 19.67 deaths/1,000 live births male: 22.36 deaths/1,000 live births female: 16.84 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Somalia total: 110.97 deaths/1,000 live births male: 120.17 deaths/1,000 live births female: 101.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

South Africa total: 45.11 deaths/1,000 live births male: 49.47 deaths/1,000 live births female: 40.65 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Spain total: 4.26 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.65 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.85 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Sri Lanka total: 19.01 deaths/1,000 live births male: 20.76 deaths/1,000 live births female: 17.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Sudan total: 86.98 deaths/1,000 live births male: 87.09 deaths/1,000 live births female: 86.86 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Suriname total: 19.45 deaths/1,000 live births male: 22.96 deaths/1,000 live births female: 15.71 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Svalbard total: NA male: NA female: NA (2008 est.)

Swaziland total: 69.59 deaths/1,000 live births male: 72.87 deaths/1,000 live births female: 66.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Sweden total: 2.75 deaths/1,000 live births male: 2.91 deaths/1,000 live births female: 2.58 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Switzerland total: 4.23 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.71 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Syria total: 26.78 deaths/1,000 live births male: 27.04 deaths/1,000 live births female: 26.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Taiwan total: 5.45 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.75 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.11 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Tajikistan total: 42.31 deaths/1,000 live births male: 47.3 deaths/1,000 live births female: 37.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Tanzania total: 70.46 deaths/1,000 live births male: 77.51 deaths/1,000 live births female: 63.19 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Thailand total: 18.23 deaths/1,000 live births male: 19.5 deaths/1,000 live births female: 16.89 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Timor-Leste total: 41.98 deaths/1,000 live births male: 48.16 deaths/1,000 live births female: 35.49 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Togo total: 57.66 deaths/1,000 live births male: 65.01 deaths/1,000 live births female: 50.09 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Tokelau total: NA male: NA female: NA (2008 est.)

Tonga total: 11.88 deaths/1,000 live births male: 13.07 deaths/1,000 live births female: 10.63 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago total: 23.59 deaths/1,000 live births male: 25.34 deaths/1,000 live births female: 21.76 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Tunisia total: 23.43 deaths/1,000 live births male: 25.7 deaths/1,000 live births female: 20.98 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Turkey total: 36.98 deaths/1,000 live births male: 40.44 deaths/1,000 live births female: 33.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Turkmenistan total: 51.81 deaths/1,000 live births male: 56.01 deaths/1,000 live births female: 47.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands total: 14.35 deaths/1,000 live births male: 16.56 deaths/1,000 live births female: 12.04 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Tuvalu total: 18.97 deaths/1,000 live births male: 21.56 deaths/1,000 live births female: 16.25 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Uganda total: 65.99 deaths/1,000 live births male: 69.65 deaths/1,000 live births female: 62.21 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Ukraine total: 9.23 deaths/1,000 live births male: 11.48 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.85 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

United Arab Emirates total: 13.11 deaths/1,000 live births male: 15.32 deaths/1,000 live births female: 10.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

United Kingdom total: 4.93 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.49 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

United States total: 6.3 deaths/1,000 live births male: 6.95 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.62 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Uruguay total: 11.66 deaths/1,000 live births male: 13.1 deaths/1,000 live births female: 10.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Uzbekistan total: 24.23 deaths/1,000 live births male: 28.61 deaths/1,000 live births female: 19.58 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Vanuatu total: 50.77 deaths/1,000 live births male: 53.32 deaths/1,000 live births female: 48.09 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Venezuela total: 22.02 deaths/1,000 live births male: 25.61 deaths/1,000 live births female: 18.26 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Vietnam total: 23.61 deaths/1,000 live births male: 24.01 deaths/1,000 live births female: 23.19 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Virgin Islands total: 7.72 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.43 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Wallis and Futuna total: NA male: NA female: NA (2008 est.)

West Bank total: 16.51 deaths/1,000 live births male: 18.5 deaths/1,000 live births female: 14.39 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Western Sahara total: 71.13 deaths/1,000 live births male: 71.22 deaths/1,000 live births female: 71.04 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

World total: 42.09 deaths/1,000 live births male: 44.91 deaths/1,000 live births female: 39.09 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Yemen total: 56.27 deaths/1,000 live births male: 60.78 deaths/1,000 live births female: 51.54 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Zambia total: 100.96 deaths/1,000 live births male: 105.73 deaths/1,000 live births female: 96.04 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Zimbabwe total: 33.86 deaths/1,000 live births male: 36.5 deaths/1,000 live births female: 31.14 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

This page was last updated on 18 December 2008



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@2092 Inflation rate (consumer prices) (%)

Afghanistan 13% (2007 est.)

Albania 2.9% (2007 est.)

Algeria 3.5% (2007 est.)

American Samoa NA%

Andorra 3.2% (2005)

Angola 12.2% (2007 est.)

Anguilla 5.3% (2006 est.)

Antigua and Barbuda 1.5% (2007 est.)

Argentina 8.8% official rate; actual rate may be double the official rate (2007 est.)

Armenia 4.4% (2007 est.)

Aruba 3.4% (2005)

Australia 2.3% (2007 est.)

Austria 2.2% (2007 est.)

Azerbaijan 16.7% (2007 est.)

Bahamas, The 2.4% (2007 est.)

Bahrain 3.3% (2007 est.)

Bangladesh 9.1% (2007 est.)

Barbados 5.5% (2007 est.)

Belarus 8.4% (2007 est.)

Belgium 1.8% (2007 est.)

Belize 2.3% (2007 est.)

Benin 1.3% (2007 est.)

Bermuda 2.8% (November 2005)

Bhutan 4.9% (2007 est.)

Bolivia 8.7% (2007 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.6% (2007 est.)

Botswana 7.1% (2007 est.)

Brazil 3.6% (2007 est.)

British Virgin Islands 2% (2005)

Brunei 0.4% (2007 est.)

Bulgaria 9.8% (2007 est.)

Burkina Faso -0.2% (2007 est.)

Burma 35% (2007 est.)

Burundi 8.3% (2007 est.)

Cambodia 5.9% (2007 est.)

Cameroon 1.1% (2007 est.)

Canada 2.1% (2007 est.)

Cape Verde 4.4% (2007 est.)

Cayman Islands 4.4% (2004)

Central African Republic 0.9% (2007 est.)

Chad 4% (2007 est.)

Chile 4.4% (2007 est.)

China 4.8% (2007 est.)

Colombia 5.5% (2007 est.)

Comoros 3% (2007 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the 16.7% (2007 est.)

Congo, Republic of the 2.7% (2007 est.)

Cook Islands 2.1% (2005 est.)

Costa Rica 9.4% (2007 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire 1.9% (2007 est.)

Croatia 4.5% (2007 est.)

Cuba 3.1% (2007 est.)

Cyprus 2.4% (2007 est.)

Czech Republic 2.9% (2007 est.)

Denmark 1.7% (2007 est.)

Djibouti 5% (2007 est.)

Dominica 2.7% (2007 est.)

Dominican Republic 6.1% (2007 est.)

Ecuador 2.3% (2007 est.)

Egypt 9.5% (2007 est.)

El Salvador 4.6% (2007 est.)

Equatorial Guinea 6% (2007 est.)

Eritrea 17% (2007 est.)

Estonia 6.6% (2007 est.)

Ethiopia 17.2% (2007 est.)

European Union 1.8% (2006 est.)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) 3.6% (1998)

Faroe Islands 1.8% (2005)

Fiji 4.8% (2007)

Finland 2.5% (2007 est.)

France 1.5% (2007 est.)

French Polynesia 1.1% (2006 est.)

Gabon 5% (2007 est.)

Gambia, The 5.1% (2007 est.)

Gaza Strip 3.6% (includes West Bank) (2006)

Georgia 9.3% (2007 est.)

Germany 2.3% (2007 est.)

Ghana 10.7% (2007 est.)

Gibraltar 2.9% (2005)

Greece 2.9% (2007 est.)

Greenland 1% (2005 est.)

Grenada 3.7% (2007 est.)

Guam 2.5% (2005 est.)

Guatemala 6.8% (2007 est.)

Guernsey 3.4% (June 2006)

Guinea 23.4% (2007 est.)

Guinea-Bissau 3.8% (2007 est.)

Guyana 12.3% (2007 est.)

Haiti 8.5% (2007 est.)

Honduras 6.9% (2007 est.)

Hong Kong 2% (2007 est.)

Hungary 8% (2007 est.)

Iceland 5.1% (2007 est.)

India 6.4% (2007 est.)

Indonesia 6.3% (2007 est.)

Iran 17.1% (2007 est.)

Iraq 4.7% (2007 est.)

Ireland 4.9% (2007 est.)

Isle of Man 3.1% (December 2006 est.)

Israel 0.5% (2007 est.)

Italy 1.8% (2007 est.)

Jamaica 9.5% (2007 est.)

Japan 0.1% (2007 est.)

Jersey 3.7% (December 2006)

Jordan 5.4% (2007 est.)

Kazakhstan 10.8% (2007 est.)

Kenya 9.7% (2007 est.)

Kiribati 0.2% (2007 est.)

Korea, North NA%

Korea, South 2.5% (2007 est.)

Kosovo 2% (2007 est.)

Kuwait 5.5% (2007 est.)

Kyrgyzstan 10.2% (2007 est.)

Laos 4.5% (2007 est.)

Latvia 10.1% (2007 est.)

Lebanon 4.2% (2007 est.)

Lesotho 8% (2007 est.)

Liberia 11.2% (2007 est.)

Libya 6.3% (2007 est.)

Liechtenstein 1% (2001)

Lithuania 5.7% (2007 est.)

Luxembourg 2.3% (2007 est.)

Macau 7.2% (2006)

Macedonia 2.3% (2007 est.)

Madagascar 10.3% (2007 est.)

Malawi 7.9% (2007 est.)

Malaysia 2% note: approximately 30% of goods are price-controlled (2007 est.)

Maldives 5% (2007 est.)

Mali 2.5% (2007 est.)

Malta 1.3% (2007 est.)

Marshall Islands 3% (2005 est.)

Mauritania 7.3% (2007 est.)

Mauritius 8.8% (2007 est.)

Mayotte 1.7% (2005)

Mexico 4% (2007 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of 2.2% (2005)

Moldova 12.3% (2007 est.)

Monaco 1.9% (2000)

Mongolia 9% (2007)

Montenegro 3.4% (2007)

Montserrat 2.6% (2002 est.)

Morocco 2% (2007 est.)

Mozambique 8.2% (2007 est.)

Namibia 6.7% (2007 est.)

Nauru -3.6% (1993)

Nepal 6.4% (2007 est.)

Netherlands 1.6% (2007 est.)

Netherlands Antilles 2.1% (2003 est.)

New Caledonia 1.4% (2000 est.)

New Zealand 2.4% (2007 est.)

Nicaragua 11.1% (2007 est.)

Niger 0.1% (2007 est.)

Nigeria 5.4% (2007 est.)

Niue 4% (2005)

Northern Mariana Islands -0.8% (2000)

Norway 0.8% (2007 est.)

Oman 5.9% (2007 est.)

Pakistan 7.6% (2007 est.)

Palau 2.7% (2005 est.)

Panama 4.2% (2007 est.)

Papua New Guinea 0.9% (2007 est.)

Paraguay 8.1% (2007 est.)

Peru 1.8% (2007 est.)

Philippines 2.8% (2007 est.)

Poland 2.5% (2007 est.)

Portugal 2.4% (2007 est.)

Puerto Rico 6.5% (2003 est.)

Qatar 13.7% (2007 est.)

Romania 4.8% (2007 est.)

Russia 9% annual average note: 12% at year-end (2007 est.)

Rwanda 9.1% (2007 est.)

Saint Helena 3.2% (1997 est.)

Saint Kitts and Nevis 4.5% (2007 est.)

Saint Lucia 1.9% (2007 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon 8.1% (2005)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 6.1% (2007 est.)

Samoa 6% (2007 est.)

San Marino -1.5% (2006)

Sao Tome and Principe 18% (2007 est.)

Saudi Arabia 4.1% (2007 est.)

Senegal 5.9% (2007 est.)

Serbia 6.8% (2007)

Seychelles 5.3% (2007 est.)

Sierra Leone 11.7% (2007 est.)

Singapore 2.1% (2007 est.)

Slovakia 2.8% (2007 est.)

Slovenia 3.6% (2007 est.)

Solomon Islands 6.3% (2007 est.)

Somalia NA%; note - businesses print their own money, so inflation rates cannot be easily determined

South Africa 6.5% (2007 est.)

Spain 2.8% (2007 est.)

Sri Lanka 15.8% (2007 est.)

Sudan 8% (2007 est.)

Suriname 6.4% (2007 est.)

Swaziland 8.1% (2007 est.)

Sweden 2.2% (2007 est.)

Switzerland 0.7% (2007 est.)

Syria 12.2% (2007 est.)

Taiwan 1.8% (2007 est.)

Tajikistan 13.1% (2007 est.)

Tanzania 7% (2007 est.)

Thailand 2.2% (2007 est.)

Timor-Leste 7.8% (2007 est.)

Togo 1% (2007 est.)

Tokelau NA%

Tonga 5.9% (2007 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago 7.9% (2007 est.)

Tunisia 3.1% (2007 est.)

Turkey 8.7% (2007 est.)

Turkmenistan 11.3% (2007 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands 4% (1995)

Tuvalu 3.8% (2006 est.)

Uganda 6.1% (2007 est.)

Ukraine 12.8% (2007 est.)

United Arab Emirates 14% (2007 est.)

United Kingdom 2.3% (2007 est.)

United States 2.9% (2007 est.)

Uruguay 8.1% (2007 est.)

Uzbekistan 12% officially, but 38% based on analysis of consumer prices (2007 est.)

Vanuatu 3.9% (2007 est.)

Venezuela 18.7% (2007 est.)

Vietnam 8.3% (2007 est.)

Virgin Islands 2.2% (2003)

Wallis and Futuna 2.8% (2005)

West Bank 3.6% (includes Gaza Strip) (2006)

Western Sahara NA%

World developed countries 1% to 4% typically; developing countries 5% to 20% typically; national inflation rates vary widely in individual cases, from declining prices in Japan to hyperinflation in one Third World country (Zimbabwe); inflation rates have declined for most countries for the last several years, held in check by increasing international competition from several low wage countries (2005 est.)

Yemen 10% (2007 est.)

Zambia 10.6% (2007 est.)

Zimbabwe 12,563% official data; private sector estimates are much higher (2007 est.)

This page was last updated on 18 December 2008



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@2093 Waterways (km)

Afghanistan 1,200 km (chiefly Amu Darya, which handles vessels up to 500 DWT) (2007)

Albania 43 km (2007)

Angola 1,300 km (2007)

Argentina 11,000 km (2006)

Australia 2,000 km (mainly used for recreation on Murray and Murray-Darling river systems) (2006)

Austria 358 km (2007)

Bangladesh 8,370 km note: includes up to 3,060 km main cargo routes; network reduced to 5,200 km in dry season (2006)

Belarus 2,500 km (use limited by location on perimeter of country and by shallowness) (2003)

Belgium 2,043 km (1,528 km in regular commercial use) (2006)

Belize 825 km (navigable only by small craft) (2007)

Benin 150 km (on River Niger along northern border) (2005)

Bolivia 10,000 km (commercially navigable) (2007)

Bosnia and Herzegovina Sava River (northern border) open to shipping but use limited (2006)

Brazil 50,000 km (most in areas remote from industry and population) (2007)

Brunei 209 km (navigable by craft drawing less than 1.2 m) (2007)

Bulgaria 470 km (2007)

Burma 12,800 km (2007)

Burundi mainly on Lake Tanganyika (2005)

Cambodia 2,400 km (mainly on Mekong River) (2005)

Cameroon navigation mainly on Benue River; limited during rainy season (2005)

Canada 636 km note: Saint Lawrence Seaway of 3,769 km, including the Saint Lawrence River of 3,058 km, shared with United States (2007)

Central African Republic 2,800 km (primarily on the Oubangui and Sangha rivers) (2006)

Chad Chari and Legone rivers are navigable only in wet season (2006)

China 124,000 km navigable (2006)

Colombia 18,000 km (2006)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the 15,000 km (2005)

Congo, Republic of the 1,125 km (commercially navigable on Congo and Oubanqui rivers) (2006)

Costa Rica 730 km (seasonally navigable by small craft) (2007)

Cote d'Ivoire 980 km (navigable rivers, canals, and numerous coastal lagoons) (2006)

Croatia 785 km (2007)

Cuba 240 km (2007)

Czech Republic 664 km (principally on Elbe, Vltava, Oder, and other navigable rivers, lakes, and canals) (2006)

Denmark 400 km (2007)

Ecuador 1,500 km (most inaccessible) (2006)

Egypt 3,500 km note: includes Nile River, Lake Nasser, Alexandria-Cairo Waterway, and numerous smaller canals in delta; Suez Canal (193.5 km including approaches) navigable by oceangoing vessels drawing up to 17.68 m (2006)

El Salvador Rio Lempa partially navigable for small craft (2007)

Estonia 320 km (2006)

European Union 52,332 km (2006)

Fiji 203 km note: 122 km navigable by motorized craft and 200-metric-ton barges (2006)

Finland 7,842 km note: includes Saimaa Canal system of 3,577 km; southern part leased from Russia (2006)

France metropolitan France: 8,500 km (1,686 km accessible to craft of 3,000 metric tons) French Guiana: 3,760 km (460 km navigable by small oceangoing vessels and coastal and river steamers, 3,300 km by native craft) (2006)

Gabon 1,600 km (310 km on Ogooue River) (2007)

Gambia, The 390 km (on River Gambia; small ocean-going vessels can reach 190 km) (2006)

Germany 7,467 km note: Rhine River carries most goods; Main-Danube Canal links North Sea and Black Sea (2006)

Ghana 1,293 km note: 168 km for launches and lighters on Volta, Ankobra, and Tano rivers; 1,125 km of arterial and feeder waterways on Lake Volta (2007)

Greece 6 km note: Corinth Canal (6 km) crosses the Isthmus of Corinth; shortens sea voyage by 325 km (2007)

Guatemala 990 km note: 260 km navigable year round; additional 730 km navigable during high-water season (2007)

Guinea 1,300 km (navigable by shallow-draft native craft) (2005)

Guinea-Bissau rivers are navigable for some distance; many inlets and creeks give shallow-water access to much of interior (2007)

Guyana Berbice, Demerara, and Essequibo rivers are navigable by oceangoing vessels for 150 km, 100 km, and 80 km respectively (2006)

Honduras 465 km (most navigable only by small craft) (2007)

Hungary 1,622 km (most on Danube River) (2007)

India 14,500 km note: 5,200 km on major rivers and 485 km on canals suitable for mechanized vessels (2006)

Indonesia 21,579 km (2007)

Iran 850 km (on Karun River; additional service on Lake Urmia) (2006)

Iraq 5,279 km note: Euphrates River (2,815 km), Tigris River (1,899 km), and Third River (565 km) are principal waterways (2006)

Ireland 956 km (pleasure craft only) (2007)

Italy 2,400 km note: used for commercial traffic; of limited overall value compared to road and rail (2006)

Japan 1,770 km (seagoing vessels use inland seas) (2007)

Kazakhstan 4,000 km (on the Ertis ((Irtysh)) River (80%) and Syr Darya ((Syrdariya)) River) (2006)

Kenya part of Lake Victoria system is within boundaries of Kenya (2006)

Kiribati 5 km (small network of canals in Line Islands) (2007)

Korea, North 2,250 km (most navigable only by small craft) (2007)

Korea, South 1,608 km (most navigable only by small craft) (2007)

Kyrgyzstan 600 km (2007)

Laos 4,600 km note: primarily Mekong and tributaries; 2,900 additional km are intermittently navigable by craft drawing less than 0.5 m (2007)

Latvia 300 km (2006)

Liechtenstein 28 km (2006)

Lithuania 441 km (2006)

Luxembourg 37 km (on Moselle River) (2007)

Madagascar 600 km (2006)

Malawi 700 km (on Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) and Shire River) (2007)

Malaysia 7,200 km note: Peninsular Malaysia 3,200 km; Sabah 1,500 km; Sarawak 2,500 km (2005)

Mali 1,800 km (2007)

Mexico 2,900 km (navigable rivers and coastal canals) (2007)

Moldova 424 km (on Dniester and Prut rivers) (2007)

Mongolia 580 km note: only waterway in operation is Lake Hovsgol (135 km); Selenge River (270 km) and Orhon River (175 km) are navigable but carry little traffic; lakes and rivers freeze in winter, are open from May to September (2004)

Mozambique 460 km (Zambezi River navigable to Tete and along Cahora Bassa Lake) (2007)

Netherlands 6,211 km (navigable for ships of 50 tons) (2006)

Nicaragua 2,220 km (including lakes Managua and Nicaragua) (2007)

Niger 300 km (the Niger, the only major river, is navigable to Gaya between September and March) (2005)

Nigeria 8,600 km (Niger and Benue rivers and smaller rivers and creeks) (2007)

Norway 1,577 km (2007)

Panama 800 km (includes 82 km Panama Canal) (2007)

Papua New Guinea 11,000 km (2006)

Paraguay 3,100 km (2007)

Peru 8,808 km note: 8,600 km of navigable tributaries of Amazon system and 208 km of Lago Titicaca (2007)

Philippines 3,219 km (limited to vessels with draft less than 1.5 m) (2007)

Poland 3,997 km (navigable rivers and canals) (2006)

Portugal 210 km (on Douro River from Porto) (2006)

Romania 1,731 km note: includes 1,075 km on Danube River, 524 km on secondary branches, and 132 km on canals (2006)

Russia 102,000 km (including 33,000 km with guaranteed depth) note: 72,000 km system in European Russia links Baltic Sea, White Sea, Caspian Sea, Sea of Azov, and Black Sea (2006)

Rwanda Lac Kivu navigable by shallow-draft barges and native craft (2006)

Senegal 1,000 km (primarily on Senegal, Saloum, and Casamance rivers) (2005)

Serbia 587 km (primarily on Danube and Sava rivers) (2005)

Sierra Leone 800 km (600 km year round) (2005)

Slovakia 172 km (on Danube River) (2005)

Spain 1,000 km (2003)

Sri Lanka 160 km (primarily on rivers in southwest) (2006)

Sudan 4,068 km (1,723 km open year round on White and Blue Nile rivers) (2006)

Suriname 1,200 km (most navigable by ships with drafts up to 7 m) (2005)

Sweden 2,052 km (2005)

Switzerland 65 km (Rhine River between Basel-Rheinfelden and Schaffhausen-Bodensee) (2003)

Syria 900 km (not economically significant) (2005)

Tajikistan 200 km (along Vakhsh River) (2006)

Tanzania Lake Tanganyika, Lake Victoria, and Lake Nyasa principal avenues of commerce with neighboring countries; rivers not navigable (2005)

Thailand 4,000 km note: 3,701 km navigable by boats with drafts up to 0.9 m (2005)

Togo 50 km (seasonally on Mono River depending on rainfall) (2005)

Turkey 1,200 km (2005)

Turkmenistan 1,300 km (Amu Darya and Kara Kum canal important inland waterways) (2006)

Uganda on Lake Victoria, 200 km on Lake Albert, Lake Kyoga, and parts of Albert Nile (2005)

Ukraine 2,253 km (most on Dnieper River) (2006)

United Kingdom 3,200 km (620 km used for commerce) (2003)

United States 41,009 km (19,312 km used for commerce) note: Saint Lawrence Seaway of 3,769 km, including the Saint Lawrence River of 3,058 km, shared with Canada (2007)

Uruguay 1,600 km (2005)

Uzbekistan 1,100 km (2006)

Venezuela 7,100 km note: Orinoco River (400 km) and Lake de Maracaibo navigable by oceangoing vessels (2005)

Vietnam 17,702 km (5,000 km navigable by vessels up to 1.8 m draft) (2005)

World 671,886 km (2004)

Zambia 2,250 km (includes Lake Tanganyika and the Zambezi and Luapula rivers) (2005)

Zimbabwe on Lake Kariba (2005)

This page was last updated on 18 December 2008



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@2094 Judicial branch

Afghanistan the constitution establishes a nine-member Stera Mahkama or Supreme Court (its nine justices are appointed for 10-year terms by the president with approval of the Wolesi Jirga) and subordinate High Courts and Appeals Courts; there is also a minister of justice; a separate Afghan Independent Human Rights Commission established by the Bonn Agreement is charged with investigating human rights abuses and war crimes

Albania Constitutional Court, Supreme Court (chairman is elected by the People's Assembly for a four-year term), and multiple appeals and district courts

Algeria Supreme Court

American Samoa High Court (chief justice and associate justices are appointed by the US Secretary of the Interior)

Andorra Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal de Corts; Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or Tribunal Superior de Justicia d'Andorra; Supreme Council of Justice or Consell Superior de la Justicia; Fiscal Ministry or Ministeri Fiscal; Constitutional Tribunal or Tribunal Constitucional

Angola Supreme Court and separate provincial courts (judges are appointed by the president)

Anguilla High Court (judge provided by Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court)

Antigua and Barbuda Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the Court of Summary Jurisdiction); member Caribbean Court of Justice

Argentina Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (the nine Supreme Court judges are appointed by the president with approval of the Senate) note: the Supreme Court currently has two unfilled vacancies, and the Argentine Congress is considering a bill to reduce the number of Supreme Court judges to five

Armenia Constitutional Court; Court of Cassation (Appeals Court)

Aruba Common Court of Justice of Aruba (judges are appointed by the monarch)

Australia High Court (the chief justice and six other justices are appointed by the governor general)

Austria Supreme Judicial Court or Oberster Gerichtshof; Administrative Court or Verwaltungsgerichtshof; Constitutional Court or Verfassungsgerichtshof

Azerbaijan Supreme Court

Bahamas, The Privy Council in London; Courts of Appeal; Supreme (lower) Court; Magistrates' Courts

Bahrain High Civil Appeals Court

Bangladesh Supreme Court (the chief justices and other judges are appointed by the president)

Barbados Supreme Court of Judicature (judges are appointed by the Service Commissions for the Judicial and Legal Services); Caribbean Court of Justice is the highest court of appeal

Belarus Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president); Constitutional Court (half of the judges appointed by the president and half appointed by the Chamber of Representatives)

Belgium Supreme Court of Justice or Hof van Cassatie (in Dutch) or Cour de Cassation (in French) (judges are appointed for life by the government; candidacies have to be submitted by the High Justice Council)

Belize Supreme Court of Judicature (the chief justice is appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister); Court of Appeal

Benin Constitutional Court or Cour Constitutionnelle; Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; High Court of Justice

Bermuda Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrate Courts

Bhutan Supreme Court of Appeal (the monarch); High Court (judges appointed by the monarch); note - the draft constitution establishes a Supreme Court, which will serve as chief court of appeal

Bolivia Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges appointed for 10-year terms by National Congress); District Courts (one in each department); provincial and local courts (to try minor cases); Constitutional Tribunal (five primary or titulares and five alternate or suplente magistrates appointed by Congress; to rule on constitutional issues); National Electoral Court (six members elected by Congress, Supreme Court, the President, and the political party with the highest vote in the last election for 4-year terms)

Bosnia and Herzegovina BH Constitutional Court (consists of nine members: four members are selected by the Bosniak/Croat Federation's House of Representatives, two members by the Republika Srpska's National Assembly, and three non-Bosnian members by the president of the European Court of Human Rights); BH State Court (consists of nine judges and three divisions - Administrative, Appellate and Criminal - having jurisdiction over cases related to state-level law and appellate jurisdiction over cases initiated in the entities); a War Crimes Chamber opened in March 2005 note: the entities each have a Supreme Court; each entity also has a number of lower courts; there are 10 cantonal courts in the Federation, plus a number of municipal courts; the Republika Srpska has five municipal courts

Botswana High Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrates' Courts (one in each district)

Brazil Supreme Federal Tribunal or STF (11 ministers are appointed for life by the president and confirmed by the Senate); Higher Tribunal of Justice; Regional Federal Tribunals (judges are appointed for life); note - though appointed "for life," judges, like all federal employees, have a mandatory retirement age of 70

British Virgin Islands Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court, consisting of the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeal (one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the High Court); Magistrate's Court; Juvenile Court; Court of Summary Jurisdiction

Brunei Supreme Court - chief justice and judges are sworn in by monarch for three-year terms; Judicial Committee of Privy Council in London is final court of appeal for civil cases; Sharia courts deal with Islamic laws (2006)

Bulgaria Supreme Administrative Court; Supreme Court of Cassation; Constitutional Court (12 justices appointed or elected for nine-year terms); Supreme Judicial Council (consists of the chairmen of the two Supreme Courts, the Chief Prosecutor, and 22 other members; responsible for appointing the justices, prosecutors, and investigating magistrates in the justice system; members of the Supreme Judicial Council elected for five-year terms, 11 elected by the National Assembly and 11 by bodies of the judiciary)

Burkina Faso Supreme Court; Appeals Court

Burma remnants of the British-era legal system are in place, but there is no guarantee of a fair public trial; the judiciary is not independent of the executive

Burundi Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; Constitutional Court; High Court of Justice (composed of the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court)

Cambodia Supreme Council of the Magistracy (provided for in the constitution and formed in December 1997); Supreme Court (and lower courts) exercises judicial authority