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Romania chief of state: President Traian BASESCU (since 20 December 2004) head of government: Prime Minister Calin Popescu-TARICEANU (since 29 December 2004) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 28 November 2004, with runoff between the top two candidates held 12 December 2004 (next to be held November-December 2009); prime minister appointed by the president with the consent of the Parliament election results: percent of vote - Traian BASESCU 51.23%, Adrian NASTASE 48.77%
Russia chief of state: President Vladimir Vladimirovich PUTIN (acting president 31 December 1999-6 May 2000, president since 7 May 2000) head of government: Premier Mikhail Yefimovich FRADKOV (since 5 March 2004); First Deputy Premier Dmitriy Anatolyevich MEDVEDEV (since 14 November 2005), Deputy Premiers Aleksandr Dmitriyevich ZHUKOV (since 9 March 2004) and Sergey Borisovich IVANOV (since 14 November 2005) cabinet: Ministries of the Government or "Government" composed of the premier and his deputies, ministers, and selected other individuals; all are appointed by the president note: there is also a Presidential Administration (PA) that provides staff and policy support to the president, drafts presidential decrees, and coordinates policy among government agencies; a Security Council also reports directly to the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a four-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 14 March 2004 (next to be held March 2008); note - no vice president; if the president dies in office, cannot exercise his powers because of ill health, is impeached, or resigns, the premier serves as acting president until a new presidential election is held, which must be within three months; premier appointed by the president with the approval of the Duma election results: Vladimir Vladimirovich PUTIN reelected president; percent of vote - Vladimir Vladimirovich PUTIN 71.2%, Nikolay KHARITONOV 13.7%, other (no candidate above 5%) 15.1%
Rwanda chief of state: President Paul KAGAME (since 22 April 2000) head of government: Prime Minister Bernard MAKUZA (since 8 March 2000) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president elections: President elected by popular vote for a seven-year term (eligible for a second term); elections last held 25 August 2003 (next to be held in 2010) election results: Paul KAGAME elected president in first direct popular vote; Paul KAGAME 95.05%, Faustin TWAGIRAMUNGU 3.62%, Jean-Nepomuscene NAYINZIRA 1.33%
Saint Helena chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor and Commander in Chief Michael CLANCY (since 15 October 2004) cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, three ex-officio officers, and five elected members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor is appointed by the monarch
Saint Kitts and Nevis chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Cuthbert Montraville SEBASTIAN (since 1 January 1996) head of government: Prime Minister Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS (since 6 July 1995) and Deputy Prime Minister Sam CONDOR (since 6 July 1995) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general in consultation with the prime minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor general is appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general
Saint Lucia chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Dame Pearlette LOUISY (since September 1997) head of government: Prime Minister Sir John COMPTON (since 15 December 2006) and Deputy Prime Minister Leonard MONTOUTE (since 15 December 2006) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor general is appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general
Saint Pierre and Miquelon chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Yves FAUQUEUR (since 28 August 2006) head of government: President of the General Council Marc PLANTAGENEST (since NA) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held, 21 April 2002 (first round) and 5 May 2002 (second round) (next to be held in 2007); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the General Council is elected by the members of the council
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Sir Fredrick Nathaniel BALLANTYNE (since 2 September 2002) head of government: Prime Minister Ralph E. GONSALVES (since 29 March 2001) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor general is appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister
Samoa chief of state: Malietoa TANUMAFILI II (cochief of state from 1 January 1962 until becoming sole chief of state 5 April 1963) head of government: Prime Minister Sailele Malielegaoi TUILA'EPA (since 1996); note - TUILA'EPA served as deputy prime minister from 1992 and assumed the duties of acting prime minister in 1996, when former Prime Minister TOFILAU Eti Alesana resigned in poor health; TUILA'EPA was confirmed as prime minister (November 1998) after TOFILAU died; Deputy Prime Minister MISA Telefoni (since 2001) cabinet: Cabinet consists of 12 members, appointed by the chief of state on the prime minister's advice elections: upon the death of Malietoa TANUMAFILI II, a new chief of state will be elected by the Legislative Assembly to serve a five-year term (no term limits); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is usually appointed prime minister by the chief of state with the approval of the Legislative Assembly
San Marino chief of state: Cochiefs of State Captain Regent Antonio CARATTONI and Captain Regent Roberto GIORGETTI (for the period 1 October 2006-31 March 2007) head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Fiorenzo STOLFI (since 27 July 2006) cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term elections: cochiefs of state (captains regent) elected by the Great and General Council for a six-month term; election last held in September 2006 (next to be held March 2007); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term; election last held 27 July 2006 (next to be held NA) election results: Antonio CARATTONI and Roberto GIORGETTI elected captains regent; percent of legislative vote - NA; Fiorenzo STOLFI elected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of legislative vote - NA note: the popularly elected parliament (Grand and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (co-chiefs of state) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State), which has 10 other members, all selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are 10 secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has assumed some prime ministerial roles
Sao Tome and Principe chief of state: President Fradique DE MENEZES (since 3 September 2001) head of government: Prime Minister Tome Soares da VERA CRUZ (since 21 April 2006) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the proposal of the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 30 July 2006 (next to be held July 2011); prime minister chosen by the National Assembly and approved by the president election results: Fradique DE MENEZES elected president; percent of vote - Fradique DE MENEZES 60%, Patrice TROVOADA 38.5%
Saudi Arabia chief of state: King and Prime Minister ABDALLAH bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud (since 1 August 2005); Heir Apparent Crown Prince SULTAN bin Abd al- Aziz Al Saud (half brother of the monarch, born 5 January 1928) note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: King and Prime Minister ABDALLAH bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud (since 1 August 2005); Heir Apparent Crown Prince SULTAN bin Abd al- Aziz Al Saud (half brother of the monarch, born 5 January 1928) cabinet: Council of Ministers is appointed by the monarch every four years and includes many royal family members elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; note - a new Allegiance Commission created by royal decree in October 2006 established a committee of Saudi princes that will play a role in selecting future Saudi kings, but the new system will not take effect until after Crown Prince Sultan becomes king
Senegal chief of state: President Abdoulaye WADE (since 1 April 2000) head of government: Prime Minister Macky SALL (since 21 April 2004) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister in consultation with the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term) under new constitution; election last held under prior constitution (seven-year terms) 27 February and 19 March 2000 (next to be held 25 February 2007); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Abdoulaye WADE elected president; percent of vote in the second round of voting - Abdoulaye WADE (PDS) 58.5%, Abdou DIOUF (PS) 41.5%
Serbia chief of state: President Boris TADIC (since 11 July 2004); Kosovo - President Fatmir SEJDIU (since 10 February 2006) head of government: Prime Minister Vojislav KOSTUNICA (since 3 March 2004) - in an acting capacity pending formation of new government following January 2007 elections; Kosovo - Prime Minister Agim CEKU (since 10 March 2006) cabinet: Federal Ministries act as cabinet; Kosovo - ministry heads act as cabinet; some ministry functions are controlled by the UNMIK elections: president elected by direct vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 27 June 2004 (next to be held in 2007 due to constitutional changes); prime minister elected by the Assembly; Kosovo - president is elected by the Assembly for a three-year term; prime minister and proposed cabinet are elected by the Assembly election results: Boris TADIC elected president in the second round of voting; Boris TADIC received 53% of the vote
Seychelles chief of state: President James MICHEL (since 14 April 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President James MICHEL (since 14 April 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for two more terms); election last held 28-30 July 2006 (next to be held in 2011) election results: President James MICHEL elected president; percent of vote - James MICHEL (SPPF) 53.73%, Wavel RAMKALAWAN (SNP) 45.71%, Philippe BOULLE 0.56%; note - this was the first election in which President James MICHEL participated; he was originally sworn in as president after former president France Albert RENE stepped down in April 2004
Sierra Leone chief of state: President Ahmad Tejan KABBAH (since 29 March 1996, reinstated 10 March 1998); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Ahmad Tejan KABBAH (since 29 March 1996, reinstated 10 March 1998); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Ministers of State appointed by the president with the approval of the House of Representatives; the cabinet is responsible to the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 14 May 2002 (next to be held 28 July 2007) election results: Ahmad Tejan KABBAH reelected president; percent of vote - Ahmad Tejan KABBAH (SLPP) 70.6%, Ernest Bai KOROMA (APC) 22.4%
Singapore chief of state: President S. R. NATHAN (since 1 September 1999) note: uses S. R. NATHAN but his full name and the one used in formal communications is Sellapan RAMANATHAN head of government: Prime Minister LEE Hsien Loong (since 12 August 2004); Senior Minister GOH Chok Tong (since 12 August 2004); Minister Mentor LEE Kuan Yew (since 12 August 2004); Deputy Prime Minister Shunmugan JAYAKUMAR (since 12 August 2004); Deputy Prime Minister WONG Kan Seng (since 1 September 2005) cabinet: appointed by president, responsible to parliament elections: president elected by popular vote for six-year term; last appointed 17 August 2005 - see note (next election to be held by August 2011); following legislative elections, leader of majority party or leader of majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by president; deputy prime ministers appointed by president election results: Sellapan Rama (S. R.) NATHAN appointed president in August 2005 after Presidential Elections Committee disqualified three other would-be candidates; scheduled election not held
Slovakia chief of state: President Ivan GASPAROVIC (since 15 June 2004) head of government: Prime Minister Robert FICO (since 4 July 2006); Deputy Prime Ministers Dusan CAPLOVIC, Robert KALINAK, Stefan HARABIN, Jan MIKOLAJ (since 4 July 2006) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister elections: president elected by direct, popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 3 April and 17 April 2004 (next to be held April 2009); following National Council elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the president election results: Ivan GASPAROVIC elected president in runoff; percent of vote - Ivan GASPAROVIC 59.9%, Vladimir MECIAR 40.1%
Slovenia chief of state: President Janez DRNOVSEK (since 22 December 2002) head of government: Prime Minister Janez JANSA (since 9 November 2004) cabinet: Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister and elected by the National Assembly elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 10 November and 1 December 2002 (next to be held in the fall of 2007); following National Assembly elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually nominated to become prime minister by the president and elected by the National Assembly; election last held 9 November 2004 (next National Assembly elections to be held October 2008) election results: Janez DRNOVSEK elected president; percent of vote - Janez DRNOVSEK 56.5%, Barbara BREZIGAR 43.5%; Janez JANSA elected prime minister; National Assembly vote - 57 to 27
Solomon Islands chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Nathaniel WAENA (since 7 July 2004) head of government: Prime Minister Manasseh SOGAVARE (since 4 May 2006); note - Prime Minister Snyder RINI, elected on 18 April 2006 and sworn in on 20 April 2006, resigned on 26 April prior to no confidence vote in parliament; SOGAVARE elected on 4 May cabinet: Cabinet consists of 20 members appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister from among the members of Parliament elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the advice of Parliament for up to five years (eligible for a second term); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually elected prime minister by Parliament; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister from among the members of Parliament
Somalia chief of state: Transitional Federal President Abdullahi YUSUF Ahmed (since 14 October 2004); note - a transitional governing entity with a five-year mandate, known as the Transitional Federal Institutions (TFIs), was established in October 2004; the TFI relocated to Somalia in June 2004, but its members remain divided over clan and regional interests and the government continues to struggle to establish effective governance in the country head of government: Prime Minister Ali Mohamed GEDI (since 24 December 2004) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister and approved by the Transitional Federal Assembly election results: Abdullahi YUSUF Ahmed, the former leader of the semi-autonomous Puntland region of Somalia, was elected president by the Transitional Federal Assembly
South Africa chief of state: President Thabo MBEKI (since 16 June 1999); Executive Deputy President Phumzile MLAMBO-NGCUKA (since 23 June 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Thabo MBEKI (since 16 June 1999); Executive Deputy President Phumzile MLAMBO-NGCUKA (since 23 June 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president elections: president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 24 April 2004 (next to be held April 2009) election results: Thabo MBEKI elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - 100% (by acclamation)
Spain chief of state: King JUAN CARLOS I (since 22 November 1975); Heir Apparent Prince FELIPE, son of the monarch, born 30 January 1968 head of government: President of the Government (Prime Minister equivalent) Jose Luis RODRIGUEZ ZAPATERO (since 17 April 2004); First Vice President and Deputy Prime Minister (and Minister of the Presidency) Maria Teresa FERNANDEZ DE LA VEGA (since 18 April 2004) and Second Vice President (and Minister of Economy and Finance) Pedro SOLBES (since 18 April 2004) cabinet: Council of Ministers designated by the president note: there is also a Council of State that is the supreme consultative organ of the government, but its recommendations are non-binding elections: the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually proposed president by the monarch and elected by the National Assembly; election last held 14 March 2004 (next to be held March 2008); vice presidents appointed by the monarch on the proposal of the president election results: Jose Luis RODRIGUEZ ZAPATERO (PSOE) elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - 52.29%
Sri Lanka chief of state: President Mahinda RAJAPAKSE (since 19 November 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government; Ratnasiri WICKREMANAYAKE (since 21 November 2005) holds the ceremonial title of prime minister head of government: President Mahinda RAJAPAKSE (since 19 November 2005) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president in consultation with the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 17 November 2005 (next to be held 2011) election results: Mahinda RAJAPAKSE elected president; percent of vote - Mahinda RAJAPAKSE 50.3%, Ranil WICKREMESINGHE 48.4%, other 1.3%
Sudan chief of state: President Umar Hassan Ahmad al-BASHIR (since 16 October 1993); First Vice President Salva KIIR (since 4 August 2005), Vice President Ali Osman TAHA (since 20 September 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Umar Hassan Ahmad al-BASHIR (since 16 October 1993); First Vice President Salva KIIR (since 4 August 2005), Vice President Ali Osman TAHA (since 20 September 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president; note - the National Congress Party or NCP (formerly the National Islamic Front or NIF) dominates al-BASHIR's cabinet elections: election last held 13-23 December 2000; next to be held no later than July 2009 under terms of the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement election results: Umar Hassan Ahmad al-BASHIR reelected president; percent of vote - Umar Hassan Ahmad al-BASHIR 86.5%, Ja'afar Muhammed NUMAYRI 9.6%, three other candidates received a combined vote of 3.9%; election widely viewed as rigged; all popular opposition parties boycotted elections because of a lack of guarantees for a free and fair election note: al-BASHIR assumed power as chairman of Sudan's Revolutionary Command Council for National Salvation (RCC) in June 1989 and served concurrently as chief of state, chairman of the RCC, prime minister, and minister of defense until mid-October 1993 when he was appointed president by the RCC; he was elected president by popular vote for the first time in March 1996
Suriname chief of state: President Runaldo Ronald VENETIAAN (since 12 August 2000); Vice President Ram SARDJOE (since 3 August 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Runaldo Ronald VENETIAAN (since 12 August 2000); Vice President Ram SARDJOE (since 3 August 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president elections: president and vice president elected by the National Assembly or, if no presidential or vice presidential candidate receives a two-thirds constitutional majority in the National Assembly after two votes, by a simple majority in the larger United People's Assembly (893 representatives from the national, local, and regional councils), for five-year terms (no term limits); election last held 25 May 2005 (next to be held in 2010) election results: Runaldo Ronald VENETIAAN reelected president; percent of vote - Runaldo Ronald VENETIAAN 62.9%, Rabin PARMESSAR 35.4%, other 1.7%; note - after two votes in the parliament failed to secure a two-thirds majority for a candidate, the vote then went to a special session of the United People's Assembly on 3 August 2005
Svalbard chief of state: King HARALD V of Norway (since 17 January 1991) head of government: Governor Per SEFLAND (since 1 October 2005) and Assistant Governor Rune Baard HANSEN (since 2003) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor and assistant governor responsible to the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice
Swaziland chief of state: King MSWATI III (since 25 April 1986) head of government: Prime Minister Absolom Themba DLAMINI (since 14 November 2003) cabinet: Cabinet recommended by the prime minister and confirmed by the monarch elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch
Sweden chief of state: King CARL XVI GUSTAF (since 19 September 1973); Heir Apparent Princess VICTORIA Ingrid Alice Desiree, daughter of the monarch (born 14 July 1977) head of government: Prime Minister Fredrik REINFELDT (since 5 October 2006) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister elections: the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the prime minister is elected by the parliament; election last held 17 September 2006 (next to be held in September 2010) election results: Fredrik REINFELDT elected prime minister with 175 out of 349 votes
Switzerland chief of state: President Micheline CALMY-REY (since 1 January 2007); Vice President Pascal COUCHEPIN (since 1 January 2007); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Micheline CALMY-REY (since 1 January 2007); Vice President Pascal COUCHEPIN (since 1 January 2007) cabinet: Federal Council or Bundesrat (in German), Conseil Federal (in French), Consiglio Federale (in Italian) elected by the Federal Assembly usually from among its own members for a four-year term elections: president and vice president elected by the Federal Assembly from among the members of the Federal Council for a one-year term (they may not serve consecutive terms); election last held 13 December 2006 (next to be held December 2007) election results: Micheline CALMY-REY elected president; percent of Federal Assembly vote - 76.5%; Pascal COUCHEPIN elected vice president; percent of Federal Assembly vote - 86.5%
Syria chief of state: President Bashar al-ASAD (since 17 July 2000); Vice President Farouk al-SHARA (since 11 February 2006) oversees foreign policy; Vice President Najah al-ATTAR (since 23 March 2006) oversees cultural policy head of government: Prime Minister Muhammad Naji al-UTRI (since 10 September 2003); Deputy Prime Minister for Economic Affairs Abdallah al-DARDARI (since 14 June 2005) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president elections: president approved by popular referendum for a seven-year term (no term limits); referendum last held 10 July 2000 after the death of President Hafiz al-ASAD (next to be held July 2007); the president appoints the vice presidents, prime minister and deputy prime ministers election results: Bashar al-ASAD approved as president; percent of vote - Bashar al-ASAD 97.29% note: Hafiz al-ASAD died on 10 June 2000; on 20 June, the Ba'th Party nominated Bashar al-ASAD for president and presented his name to the People's Council on 25 June; he was approved by a popular referendum on 10 July
Taiwan chief of state: President CHEN Shui-bian (since 20 May 2000) and Vice President Annette LU (LU Hsiu-lien) (since 20 May 2000) head of government: Premier (President of the Executive Yuan) SU Tseng-chang (since 25 January 2006) and Vice Premier (Vice President of the Executive Yuan) TSAI Ing-wen (since 25 January 2006) cabinet: Executive Yuan - (ministers appointed by president on recommendation of premier) elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term); election last held 20 March 2004 (next to be held in March 2008); premier appointed by the president; vice premiers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the premier election results: CHEN Shui-bian re-elected president; percent of vote - CHEN Shui-bian (DPP) 50.1%, LIEN Chan (KMT) 49.9%
Tajikistan chief of state: President Emomali RAHMONOV (since 6 November 1994; head of state and Supreme Assembly chairman since 19 November 1992) head of government: Prime Minister Oqil OQILOV (since 20 January 1999) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president, approved by the Supreme Assembly elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 6 November 2006 (next to be held November 2013); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Emomali RAHMONOV reelected president; percent of vote - Emomali RAHMONOV 76.4%, Olimzon BOBOYEV 7.2%, other 16.4%
Tanzania chief of state: President Jakaya KIKWETE (since 21 December 2005); Vice President Dr. Ali Mohammed SHEIN (since 5 July 2001); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government head of government: President Jakaya KIKWETE (since 21 December 2005); Vice President Dr. Ali Mohammed SHEIN (since 5 July 2001); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government note: Zanzibar elects a president who is head of government for matters internal to Zanzibar; Amani Abeid KARUME was reelected to that office on 30 October 2005 cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of the National Assembly elections: president and vice president elected on the same ballot by popular vote for five-year terms (eligible for a second term); election last held 14 December 2005(next to be held in December 2010); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Jakaya KIKWETE elected president; percent of vote - Jakaya KIKWETE 80.3%, Ibrahim LIPUMBA 11.7%, Freeman MBOWE 5.9%
Thailand chief of state: King PHUMIPHON Adunyadet (since 9 June 1946) head of government: Interim Prime Minister SURAYUT Chulanon (since 1 October 2006); Interim Deputy Prime Ministers KHOSIT Panpiemras (since 9 October 2006); PRIDIYATHORN Devakula (since 9 October 2006) note: Prime Minister THAKSIN Chinnawat was overthrown on 19 September 2006 in a coup led by General SONTHI Boonyaratglin cabinet: Council of Ministers note: there is also a Privy Council elections: none; monarch is hereditary; according to 1997 constitution, prime minister was designated from among members of House of Representatives; following national elections for House of Representatives, leader of party that could organize a majority coalition usually was appointed prime minister by king
Togo chief of state: President Faure GNASSINGBE (since 6 February 2005); note - Gnassingbe EYADEMA died on 5 February 2005 and was succeeded by his son, Faure GNASSINGBE; popular elections in April 2005 validated the succession head of government: Prime Minister Yawovi AGBOYIBO (since 16 September 2006) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president and the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (no term limits); election last held 24 April 2005 (next to be held NA); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Faure GNASSINGBE elected president; percent of vote - Faure GNASSINGBE 60.2%, Emmanuel Akitani BOB 38.3%, Nicolas LAWSON 1%, Harry OLYMPIO 0.5%
Tokelau chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General of New Zealand Anand SATYANAND (since 23 August 2006); New Zealand is represented by Administrator David PAYTON (since 17 October 2006) head of government: Kolouei O'BRIEN (2006); note - position rotates annually among the three Faipule (village leaders) cabinet: the Council for the Ongoing Government of Tokelau, consisting of three Faipule (village leaders) and three Pulenuku (village mayors), functions as a cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term
Tonga chief of state: King George TUPOU V (since 11 September 2006) head of government: Prime Minister Dr. Feleti SEVELE (since 11 February 2006); Deputy Prime Minister Dr. Viliami TANGI (since 16 May 2006) cabinet: Cabinet currently consists of 14 members, 10 appointed by the monarch for life; 4 appointed from among the elected members of the Legislative Assembly, including 2 each from the nobles and peoples representatives serving three year terms note: there is also a Privy Council that consists of the monarch, the cabinet, and two governors elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by the monarch
Trinidad and Tobago chief of state: President George Maxwell RICHARDS (since 17 March 2003) head of government: Prime Minister Patrick MANNING (since 24 December 2001) cabinet: Cabinet appointed from among the members of Parliament elections: president elected by an electoral college, which consists of the members of the Senate and House of Representatives, for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 14 February 2003 (next to be held in by January 2008); the president usually appoints as prime minister the leader of the majority party in the House of Representatives election results: George Maxwell RICHARDS elected president; percent of electoral college vote - 43%
Tunisia chief of state: President Zine el Abidine BEN ALI (since 7 November 1987) head of government: Prime Minister Mohamed GHANNOUCHI (since 17 November 1999) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (no term limits); election last held 24 October 2004 (next to be held October 2009); prime minister appointed by the president election results: President Zine El Abidine BEN ALI reelected for a fourth term; percent of vote - Zine El Abidine BEN ALI 94.5%, Mohamed BOUCHIHA 3.8%, Mohamed Ali HALOUANI 1%
Turkey chief of state: President Ahmet Necdet SEZER (since 16 May 2000) head of government: Prime Minister Recep Tayyip ERDOGAN (14 March 2003) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the nomination of the prime minister elections: president elected by the National Assembly for a single seven-year term; election last held 5 May 2000 (next to be held May 2007); prime minister appointed by the president from among members of parliament election results: Ahmed Necdet SEZER elected president on the third ballot; percent of National Assembly vote - 60% note: president must have a two-thirds majority of the National Assembly on the first two ballots and a simple majority on the third ballot
Turkmenistan chief of state: President (Acting) and Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers Gurbanguly BERDIMUHAMMEDOV; note - President Saparmurat NIYAZOV died in office 21 December 2006 and Gurbanguly BERDIMUHAMMEDOV was named his temporary replacement; the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President (Acting) and Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers Gurbanguly BERDIMUHAMMEDOV cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 21 June 1992; note - President NIYAZOV was unanimously approved as president for life by the People's Council on 28 December 1999; deputy chairmen of the Cabinet of Ministers are appointed by the president election results: Saparmurat NIYAZOV elected president without opposition; percent of vote - Saparmurat NIYAZOV 99.5%
Turks and Caicos Islands chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Richard TAUWHARE (since 11 July 2005) head of government: Premier Michael Eugene MISICK (since 15 August 2003); note - the office of premier was created in the new constitution cabinet: Cabinet consists of the governor, the premier, six ministers appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council, and the attorney general elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed premier by the governor
Tuvalu chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Filoimea TELITO (since 15 April 2005) head of government: Prime Minister Apisai IELEMIA (since 14 August 2006) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the recommendation of the prime minister elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister; prime minister and deputy prime minister elected by and from the members of Parliament; election last held 14 August 2006 (next to be held following parliamentary elections in 2010) election results: Apisai IELEMIA elected Prime Minister in a Parliamentary election on 14 August 2006
Uganda chief of state: President Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since seizing power 26 January 1986); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government head of government: President Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since seizing power 29 January 1986); Prime Minister Apollo NSIBAMBI (since 5 April 1999); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; the prime minister assists the president in the supervision of the cabinet cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among elected legislators elections: president reelected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 23 February 2006 (next to be held in 2011) election results: Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI elected president; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI 59.3%, Kizza BESIGYE 37.4%, other 3.3%
Ukraine chief of state: President Viktor A. YUSHCHENKO (since 23 January 2005) head of government: Prime Minister Viktor YANUKOVYCH (since 4 August 2006); First Deputy Prime Minister - Mykola AZAROV (since 5 August 2006) cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers selected by the prime minister; the only exceptions are the foreign and defense ministers, who are chosen by the president note: there is also a National Security and Defense Council or NSDC originally created in 1992 as the National Security Council; the NSDC staff is tasked with developing national security policy on domestic and international matters and advising the president; a Presidential Secretariat helps draft presidential edicts and provides policy support to the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); note - a special repeat runoff presidential election between Viktor YUSHCHENKO and Viktor YANUKOVYCH took place on 26 December 2004 after the earlier 21 November 2004 contest - won by Mr. YANUKOVYCH - was invalidated by the Ukrainian Supreme Court because of widespread and significant violations; under constitutional reforms that went into effect 1 January 2006, the majority in parliament takes the lead in naming the prime minister election results: Viktor YUSHCHENKO elected president; percent of vote - Viktor YUSHCHENKO 51.99%, Viktor YANUKOVYCH 44.2%
United Arab Emirates chief of state: President KHALIFA bin Zayid al-Nuhayyan (since 3 November 2004), ruler of Abu Zaby (Abu Dhabi) (since 4 November 2004); Vice President and Prime Minister MUHAMMAD bin Rashid al-Maktum (since 5 January 2006) head of government: Prime Minister and Vice President MUHAMMAD bin Rashid al-Maktum (since 5 January 2006); Deputy Prime Ministers SULTAN bin Zayid al-Nuhayyan (since 20 November 1990) and HAMDAN bin Zayid al-Nuhayyan (since 20 October 2003) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president note: there is also a Federal Supreme Council (FSC) composed of the seven emirate rulers; the FSC is the highest constitutional authority in the UAE; establishes general policies and sanctions federal legislation; meets four times a year; Abu Zaby (Abu Dhabi) and Dubayy (Dubai) rulers have effective veto power elections: president and vice president elected by the FSC for five-year terms (no term limits); election last held 3 November 2004 upon the death of the UAE's Founding Father and first President ZAYID bin Sultan Al Nuhayyan (next to be held 2009); prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by the president election results: KHALIFA bin Zayid al-Nuhayyan elected president by a unanimous vote of the FSC; MUHAMMAD bin Rashid al-Maktum unanimously reaffirmed vice president
United Kingdom chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); Heir Apparent Prince CHARLES (son of the queen, born 14 November 1948) head of government: Prime Minister Anthony (Tony) BLAIR (since 2 May 1997) cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the prime minister elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually the prime minister
United States chief of state: President George W. BUSH (since 20 January 2001); Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President George W. BUSH (since 20 January 2001); Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president with Senate approval elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by a college of representatives who are elected directly from each state; president and vice president serve four-year terms (eligible for a second term); election last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held 4 November 2008) election results: George W. BUSH reelected president; percent of popular vote - George W. BUSH (Republican Party) 50.9%, John KERRY (Democratic Party) 48.1%, other 1.0%
Uruguay chief of state: President Tabare VAZQUEZ Rosas (since 1 March 2005) and Vice President Rodolfo NIN NOVOA (since 1 March 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Tabare VAZQUEZ Rosas (since 1 March 2005) and Vice President Rodolfo NIN NOVOA (since 1 March 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president with parliamentary approval elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms (may not serve consecutive terms); election last held 31 October 2004 (next to be held October 2009) election results: Tabare VAZQUEZ elected president; percent of vote - Tabare VAZQUEZ 50.5%, Jorge LARRANAGA 35.1%, Guillermo STIRLING 10.3%; other 4.1%
Uzbekistan chief of state: President Islom KARIMOV (since 24 March 1990, when he was elected president by the then Supreme Soviet) head of government: Prime Minister Shavkat MIRZIYAYEV (since 11 December 2003) cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president with approval of the Supreme Assembly elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term (eligible for a second term; previously was a five-year term, extended by constitutional amendment in 2002); election last held 9 January 2000 (next to be held in 2007); prime minister, ministers, and deputy ministers appointed by the president election results: Islom KARIMOV reelected president; percent of vote - Islom KARIMOV 91.9%, Abdulkhafiz JALALOV 4.2%
Vanuatu chief of state: President Kalkot Matas KELEKELE (since 16 August 2004) head of government: Prime Minister Ham LINI (since 11 December 2004); Deputy Prime Minister Sato KILMAN (since 11 December 2004) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister, responsible to Parliament elections: president elected for a five-year term by an electoral college consisting of Parliament and the presidents of the regional councils; election for president last held 16 August 2004 (next to be held in 2009); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition is usually elected prime minister by Parliament from among its members; election for prime minister last held 29 July 2004 (next to be held following general elections in 2008) election results: Kalkot Matas KELEKELE elected president, with 49 votes out of 56, after several ballots on 16 August 2004
Venezuela chief of state: President Hugo CHAVEZ Frias (since 3 February 1999); Vice President Jorge RODRIGUEZ Gomez (since 3 January 2007); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Hugo CHAVEZ Frias (since 3 February 1999); Vice President Jorge RODRIGUEZ Gomez (since 3 January 2007) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 3 December 2006 (next to be held December 2012) note: in 1999, a National Constituent Assembly drafted a new constitution that increased the presidential term to six years; an election was subsequently held on 30 July 2000 under the terms of this new constitution election results: Hugo CHAVEZ Frias reelected president; percent of vote - Hugo CHAVEZ Frias 62.9%, Manuel ROSALES 36.9%
Vietnam chief of state: President Nguyen Minh TRIET (since 27 June 2006); Vice President Truong My HOA (since 25 July 2002) head of government: Prime Minister Nguyen Tan DUNG (since 27 June 2006); Deputy Prime Minister Nguyen Sinh HUNG (since 28 June 2006), Deputy Prime Minister Pham Gia KHIEM (since 28 June 2006), and Deputy Prime Minister Truong Vinh TRONG (since 28 June 2006) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by president based on proposal of prime minister and confirmed by National Assembly elections: president elected by the National Assembly from among its members for five-year term; election last held 27 June 2006; prime minister appointed by the president from among the members of the National Assembly; deputy prime ministers appointed by the prime minister; appointment of prime minister and deputy prime ministers confirmed by National Assembly election results: Nguyen Minh TRIET elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - 94%; Nguyen Tan DUNG elected prime minister; percent of National Assembly vote - 92%
Virgin Islands chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001); Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001) head of government: Governor John DeJONGH (since 1 January 2007) cabinet: NA elections: under the US Consitution, residents of unincorporated territories, such as the Virgin Islands, do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term); election last held 7 and 21 November 2006 (next to be held November 2010) election results: John DeJONGH elected governor; percent of vote - John DeJONGH 57.3%, Kenneth MAPP 42.7%
Wallis and Futuna chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by High Administrator Richard DIDIER (since 19 July 2006) head of government: President of the Territorial Assembly Patalione KANIMOA (since January 2001) cabinet: Council of the Territory consists of three kings and three members appointed by the high administrator on the advice of the Territorial Assembly note: there are three traditional kings with limited powers elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high administrator appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; the presidents of the Territorial Government and the Territorial Assembly are elected by the members of the assembly
Western Sahara none
Yemen chief of state: President Ali Abdallah SALIH (since 22 May 1990, the former president of North Yemen, assumed office upon the merger of North and South Yemen); Vice President Maj. Gen. Abd al-Rab Mansur al-HADI (since 3 October 1994) head of government: Prime Minister Abd al-Qadir BA JAMAL; Deputy Prime Ministers Rashid Muhammad al-ALIMI, Alawi Salah al-SALAMI, Ahmad Muhammad Abdallah al-SUFAN cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; election last held 20 September 2006 (next to be held September 2013); vice president appointed by the president; prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president election results: Ali Abdallah SALIH elected president; percent of vote - Ali Abdallah SALIH 77.2%, Faysal BIN SHAMLAN 21.8%
Zambia chief of state: President Levy MWANAWASA (since 2 January 2002); Vice President Rupiah BANDA (since 9 October 2006); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Levy MWANAWASA (since 2 January 2002); Vice President Rupiah BANDA (since 9 October 2006); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of the National Assembly elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 28 September 2006 (next to be held 2011); vice president appointed by the president election results: Levy MWANAWASA reelected president; percent of vote - Levy MWANAWASA 43.0%, Michael SATA 29.4%, Hakainde HICHILEMA 25.3%, Godfrey MIYANDA 1.6%, Winright NGONDO 0.8%
Zimbabwe chief of state: Executive President Robert Gabriel MUGABE (since 31 December 1987); Vice President Joseph MSIKA (since December 1999) and Vice President Joyce MUJURU (since 6 December 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: Executive President Robert Gabriel MUGABE (since 31 December 1987); Vice President Joseph MSIKA (since December 1999) and Vice President Joyce MUJURU (since 6 December 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president; responsible to the House of Assembly elections: presidential candidates nominated with a nomination paper signed by at least 10 registered voters (at least one from each province) and elected by popular vote for a six-year term (no term limits); election last held 9-11 March 2002 (next to be held March 2008); co-vice presidents appointed by the president election results: Robert Gabriel MUGABE reelected president; percent of vote - Robert Gabriel MUGABE 56.2%, Morgan TSVANGIRAI 41.9%
This page was last updated on 8 February, 2007
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@2078 Exports
Afghanistan $471 million; note - not including illicit exports or reexports (2005 est.)
Albania $763.2 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Algeria $55.6 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
American Samoa $445.6 million (FY04 est.)
Andorra $145 million f.o.b. (2004)
Angola $35.53 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Anguilla $14.56 million (2005 est.)
Antigua and Barbuda $46.81 million (2004 est.)
Argentina $46 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Armenia $1.056 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Aruba $80 million f.o.b.; note - includes oil reexports (2004 est.)
Australia $117 billion (2006 est.)
Austria $144.4 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Azerbaijan $12.51 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Bahamas, The $469.3 million (2004 est.)
Bahrain $12.62 billion (2006 est.)
Bangladesh $11.17 billion (2006 est.)
Barbados $209 million (2004 est.)
Belarus $19.61 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Belgium $335.3 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Belize $359.5 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Benin $563.1 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Bermuda $1.469 billion (2004 est.)
Bhutan $154 million f.o.b. (2000 est.)
Bolivia $3.668 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Bosnia and Herzegovina $3.5 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Botswana $4.836 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Brazil $138 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
British Virgin Islands $25.3 million (2002)
Brunei $4.514 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Bulgaria $14.6 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Burkina Faso $543.5 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Burma $5.289 billion f.o.b. note: official export figures are grossly underestimated due to the value of timber, gems, narcotics, rice, and other products smuggled to Thailand, China, and Bangladesh (2006 est.)
Burundi $55.68 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Cambodia $3.331 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Cameroon $4.318 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Canada $405 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Cape Verde $96.71 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Cayman Islands $2.52 million (2004)
Central African Republic $131 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Chad $4.342 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Chile $58.21 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
China $974 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Christmas Island $NA
Cocos (Keeling) Islands $NA
Colombia $24.86 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Comoros $34 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the $1.108 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Congo, Republic of the $5.996 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Cook Islands $5.222 million (2005)
Costa Rica $7.931 billion (2006 est.)
Cote d'Ivoire $7.832 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Croatia $11.17 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Cuba $2.956 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Cyprus Republic of Cyprus: $1.34 billion f.o.b.; north Cyprus: $69 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Czech Republic $89.34 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Denmark $93.93 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Djibouti $250 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Dominica $74 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Dominican Republic $6.495 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
East Timor $10 million; note - excludes oil (2005 est.)
Ecuador $12.56 billion (2006 est.)
Egypt $24.22 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
El Salvador $3.686 billion (2006 est.)
Equatorial Guinea $8.961 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Eritrea $17.65 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Estonia $9.68 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Ethiopia $1.085 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
European Union $1.33 trillion; note - external exports, excluding intra-EU trade (2005)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) $125 million (2004 est.)
Faroe Islands $533 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Fiji $719.6 million f.o.b. (2005)
Finland $84.72 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
France $490 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
French Polynesia $211 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)
Gabon $6.677 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Gambia, The $130.5 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Gaza Strip $313 million f.o.b.; note - includes West Bank (2004)
Georgia $1.761 billion (2006 est.)
Germany $1.133 trillion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Ghana $3.286 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Gibraltar $271 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Greece $24.42 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Greenland $480 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Grenada $40 million (2004 est.)
Guam $45 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Guatemala $4.097 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Guernsey $NA
Guinea $615.1 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Guinea-Bissau $116 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Guyana $621.6 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Haiti $443.7 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Honduras $1.947 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Hong Kong $611.6 billion f.o.b., including reexports (2006 est.)
Hungary $67.99 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Iceland $3.587 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
India $112 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Indonesia $102.3 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Iran $63.18 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Iraq $32.19 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Ireland $119.8 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Isle of Man $NA
Israel $42.86 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Italy $450.1 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Jamaica $2.087 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Japan $590.3 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Jersey $NA
Jordan $4.798 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Kazakhstan $35.55 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Kenya $3.614 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Kiribati $17 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Korea, North $1.4 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)
Korea, South $327.9 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Kuwait $56.06 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Kyrgyzstan $701.8 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Laos $593.6 million (2006 est.)
Latvia $6.98 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Lebanon $1.881 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)
Lesotho $779.1 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Liberia $910 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Libya $37.02 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Liechtenstein $2.47 billion (1996)
Lithuania $14.64 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Luxembourg $19.55 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Macau $3.156 billion f.o.b.; note - includes reexports (2005)
Macedonia $2.341 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Madagascar $993.5 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Malawi $513.1 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Malaysia $158.7 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Maldives $123 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Mali $323 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Malta $2.425 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Marshall Islands $9.1 million f.o.b. (2000)
Mauritania $784 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Mauritius $2.318 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Mayotte $4.85 million f.o.b. (2004)
Mexico $248.8 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Micronesia, Federated States of $14 million (f.o.b.) (2004 est.)
Moldova $1.02 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Monaco $656.5 million note: full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France (2004)
Mongolia $852 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Montenegro $171.3 million (2003)
Montserrat $700,000 (2001)
Morocco $11.72 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Mozambique $2.429 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Namibia $2.321 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Nauru $64,000 f.o.b. (2005 est.)
Nepal $822 million f.o.b.; note - does not include unrecorded border trade with India (2005 est.)
Netherlands $413.8 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Netherlands Antilles $2.076 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)
New Caledonia $999 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
New Zealand $23.69 billion (2006 est.)
Nicaragua $1.714 billion f.o.b.; note - includes free trade zones (2006 est.)
Niger $222 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Nigeria $59.01 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Niue $201,400 (2004)
Norfolk Island $1.5 million f.o.b. (FY91/92)
Northern Mariana Islands $NA
Norway $122.6 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Oman $24.73 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Pakistan $19.24 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Palau $5.882 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Panama $8.087 billion f.o.b.; note - includes the Colon Free Zone (2006 est.)
Papua New Guinea $4.096 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Paraguay $1.69 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)
Peru $22.69 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Philippines $44.2 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Pitcairn Islands $NA
Poland $110.7 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Portugal $46.77 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Puerto Rico $46.9 billion f.o.b. (2001)
Qatar $33.25 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Romania $33 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Russia $317.6 billion (2006 est.)
Rwanda $135.4 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Saint Helena $19 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Saint Kitts and Nevis $70 million (2004 est.)
Saint Lucia $82 million (2004 est.)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon $5.5 million f.o.b. (2005 est.)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines $37 million (2004 est.)
Samoa $94 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
San Marino trade data are included with the statistics for Italy
Sao Tome and Principe $9.773 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Saudi Arabia $204.5 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Senegal $1.478 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Serbia $4.553 billion (excluding Kosovo and Montenegro) (2005 est.)
Seychelles $365.1 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Sierra Leone $185 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Singapore $283.6 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Slovakia $39.64 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Slovenia $21.85 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Solomon Islands $171 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Somalia $241 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
South Africa $59.15 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Spain $222.1 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Sri Lanka $7.076 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Sudan $7.505 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Suriname $881 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Svalbard $NA
Swaziland $2.201 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Sweden $173.9 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Switzerland $166.3 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Syria $6.923 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Taiwan $215 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Tajikistan $1.16 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Tanzania $1.831 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Thailand $123.5 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Togo $868.4 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Tokelau $0 f.o.b. (2002)
Tonga $34 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Trinidad and Tobago $12.5 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Tunisia $11.61 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Turkey $85.21 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Turkmenistan $5.421 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Turks and Caicos Islands $169.2 million (2000)
Tuvalu $1 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Uganda $961.7 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Ukraine $39.12 billion (2006 est.)
United Arab Emirates $137.1 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
United Kingdom $468.8 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
United States $1.024 trillion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Uruguay $3.993 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Uzbekistan $5.51 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Vanuatu $34.11 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Venezuela $69.23 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Vietnam $39.92 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Virgin Islands $4.234 billion (2001)
Wallis and Futuna $47,450 f.o.b. (2004)
West Bank $313 million f.o.b.; note - includes Gaza Strip (2004)
Western Sahara $NA
World $12.45 trillion f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Yemen $8.214 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Zambia $3.928 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Zimbabwe $1.766 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
This page was last updated on 8 February, 2007
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@2079 Debt - external
Afghanistan $8 billion in bilateral debt, mostly to Russia; Afghanistan has $500 million in debt to Multilateral Development Banks (2004)
Albania $1.55 billion (2004)
Algeria $5 billion (2006 est.)
American Samoa $NA
Andorra $NA
Angola $11.24 billion (2006 est.)
Anguilla $8.8 million (1998)
Antigua and Barbuda $427.3 million; note - data are for public external debt, not total external debt (2000)
Argentina $106.8 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Armenia $1.936 billion (30 June 2006)
Aruba $478.6 million (2005 est.)
Australia $585.1 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Austria $593.9 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Azerbaijan $2.483 billion (2006 est.)
Bahamas, The $342.6 million (2004 est.)
Bahrain $7.267 billion (2006 est.)
Bangladesh $22.55 billion (2006 est.)
Barbados $668 million (2003)
Belarus $5.498 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Belgium $1.053 trillion (30 June 2006 est.)
Belize $1.362 billion (June 2004 est.)
Benin $1.6 billion (2000)
Bermuda $160 million (FY99/00)
Bhutan $593 million (2004)
Bolivia $5.916 billion (2006 est.)
Bosnia and Herzegovina $3.927 billion (2006 est.)
Botswana $520 million (2006 est.)
Brazil $177.7 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
British Virgin Islands $36.1 million (1997)
Brunei $0
Bulgaria $21.1 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Burkina Faso $1.85 billion (2003)
Burma $7.162 billion (2006 est.)
Burundi $1.2 billion (2003)
Cambodia $3.664 billion (2006 est.)
Cameroon $3.657 billion (2006 est.)
Canada $684.7 billion (30 June 2006)
Cape Verde $325 million (2002)
Cayman Islands $70 million (1996)
Central African Republic $1.06 billion (2002 est.)
Chad $1.5 billion (2003 est.)
Chile $47.6 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
China $305.6 billion (2006 est.)
Colombia $37.21 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Comoros $232 million (2000 est.)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the $10.6 billion (2003 est.)
Congo, Republic of the $5 billion (2000 est.)
Cook Islands $141 million (1996 est.)
Costa Rica $6.42 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Cote d'Ivoire $11.96 billion (2006 est.)
Croatia $33.09 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Cuba $15.15 billion (convertible currency); another $15-20 billion owed to Russia (2006 est.)
Cyprus Republic of Cyprus: $12.63 billion; north Cyprus: $NA (2006 est.)
Czech Republic $50.2 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Denmark $405 billion (30 June 2006)
Djibouti $394 million (2004 est.)
Dominica $213 million (2004)
Dominican Republic $8.634 billion (2006 est.)
East Timor $0
Ecuador $18.1 billion (2006 est.)
Egypt $29.59 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
El Salvador $8.841 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Equatorial Guinea $289 million (2006 est.)
Eritrea $311 million (2000 est.)
Estonia $13.94 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Ethiopia $2.789 billion (2006 est.)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) $NA
Faroe Islands $64 million (1999)
Fiji $127 million (2004 est.)
Finland $251.9 billion (30 June 2006)
France $3.461 trillion (30 June 2006)
French Polynesia $NA
Gabon $3.971 billion (2006 est.)
Gambia, The $628.8 million (2003 est.)
Gaza Strip NA (2002)
Georgia $2.04 billion (2004)
Germany $3.904 trillion (30 June 2006)
Ghana $3.546 billion (2006 est.)
Gibraltar $NA (2000 est.)
Greece $301.9 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Greenland $25 million (1999)
Grenada $347 million (2004)
Guam $NA
Guatemala $6.169 billion (2006 est.)
Guernsey $NA
Guinea $3.46 billion (2003 est.)
Guinea-Bissau $941.5 million (2000 est.)
Guyana $1.2 billion (2002)
Haiti $1.309 billion (2006 est.)
Honduras $5.587 billion (2006 est.)
Hong Kong $472.9 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Hungary $107.3 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Iceland $3.073 billion (2002)
India $132.1 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Indonesia $130.4 billion (2006 est.)
Iran $14.8 billion (2006 est.)
Iraq $81.48 billion (2006 est.)
Ireland $1.392 trillion (30 June 2006)
Isle of Man $NA
Israel $81.98 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Italy $1.957 trillion (30 June 2006 est.)
Jamaica $7.384 billion (2006 est.)
Japan $1.547 trillion (30 June 2006)
Jersey $NA
Jordan $9.071 billion (2006 est.)
Kazakhstan $53.89 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Kenya $6.675 billion (2006 est.)
Kiribati $10 million (1999 est.)
Korea, North $12 billion (1996 est.)
Korea, South $229.3 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Kuwait $19.7 billion (2006 est.)
Kyrgyzstan $2.483 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Laos $2.49 billion (2001)
Latvia $18.9 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Lebanon $31.1 billion (2006 est.)
Lesotho $735 million (2002)
Liberia $3.2 billion (2005 est.)
Libya $4.492 billion (2006 est.)
Liechtenstein $0 (2001)
Lithuania $15.12 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Luxembourg $NA
Macau $3.1 billion (2004)
Macedonia $2.138 billion (2006 est.)
Madagascar $4.6 billion (2002)
Malawi $982.4 million (2006 est.)
Malaysia $57.77 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Maldives $304 million (2004 est.)
Mali $2.8 billion (2002)
Malta $188.8 million (2005)
Marshall Islands $86.5 million (FY99/00 est.)
Mauritania $2.5 billion (2000)
Mauritius $2.834 billion (2006 est.)
Mayotte $NA
Mexico $178.3 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Micronesia, Federated States of $60.8 million (FY05 est.)
Moldova $2.142 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Monaco $18 billion (2000 est.)
Mongolia $1.36 billion (2004)
Montenegro NA
Montserrat $8.9 million (1997)
Morocco $17.9 billion (2006 est.)
Mozambique $2.392 billion (2006 est.)
Namibia $887 million (2006 est.)
Nauru $33.3 million (2002)
Nepal $3.34 billion (March 2005)
Netherlands $1.899 trillion (30 June 2006)
Netherlands Antilles $2.68 billion (2004)
New Caledonia $79 million (1998 est.)
New Zealand $47 billion (2006 est.)
Nicaragua $3.763 billion (2006 est.)
Niger $2.1 billion (2003 est.)
Nigeria $6.278 billion (2006 est.)
Niue $418,000 (2002 est.)
Norfolk Island $NA
Northern Mariana Islands $NA
Norway $350.3 billion; note - Norway is a net external creditor (30 June 2006)
Oman $4.259 billion (2006 est.)
Pakistan $42.38 billion (2006 est.)
Palau $0 (FY99/00)
Panama $9.993 billion (2006 est.)
Papua New Guinea $1.801 billion (2006 est.)
Paraguay $3.722 billion (2006 est.)
Peru $27.93 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Philippines $61.49 billion (2006 est.)
Poland $147.3 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Portugal $310.8 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Puerto Rico $NA
Qatar $25.7 billion (2006 est.)
Romania $42.76 billion (2006 est.)
Russia $287.4 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Rwanda $1.4 billion (2004 est.)
Saint Helena $NA
Saint Kitts and Nevis $314 million (2004)
Saint Lucia $257 million (2004)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon $NA
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines $223 million (2004)
Samoa $177 million (2004)
San Marino $NA
Sao Tome and Principe $318 million (2002)
Saudi Arabia $47.39 billion (2006 est.)
Senegal $1.628 billion (2006 est.)
Serbia $15.43 billion (including Montenegro) (2005 est.)
Seychelles $616.7 million (2006 est.)
Sierra Leone $1.61 billion (2003 est.)
Singapore $24.3 billion (2006 est.)
Slovakia $31.5 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Slovenia $27.63 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Solomon Islands $166 million (2004)
Somalia $3 billion (2001 est.)
South Africa $55.47 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Spain $1.591 trillion (30 June 2006 est.)
Sri Lanka $12.23 billion (2006 est.)
Sudan $29.69 billion (2006 est.)
Suriname $504.3 million (2005 est.)
Swaziland $357 million (2003 est.)
Sweden $598.2 billion (30 June 2006)
Switzerland $1.077 trillion (30 June 2006)
Syria $8.355 billion; note - excludes military debt and debt to Russia (2006 est.)
Taiwan $93.06 billion (2006 est.)
Tajikistan $829 million (2006 est.)
Tanzania $4.61 billion (2006 est.)
Thailand $57.83 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Togo $2 billion (2005)
Tokelau $0
Tonga $80.7 million (2004)
Trinidad and Tobago $2.838 billion (2006 est.)
Tunisia $18.37 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Turkey $193.6 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Turkmenistan $2.4 billion to $5 billion (2001 est.)
Turks and Caicos Islands $NA
Tuvalu $NA
Uganda $1.456 billion (2006 est.)
Ukraine $41.57 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
United Arab Emirates $39.1 billion (2006 est.)
United Kingdom $8.28 trillion (30 June 2006)
United States $10.04 trillion (30 June 2006 est.)
Uruguay $10.37 billion (30 June 2006 est.)
Uzbekistan $4.713 billion (2006 est.)
Vanuatu $81.2 million (2004)
Venezuela $35.63 billion (2006 est.)
Vietnam $21.86 billion (2006 est.)
Virgin Islands $NA
Wallis and Futuna $3.67 million (2004)
West Bank NA
Western Sahara $NA
World $44.62 trillion note: this figure is the sum total of all countries' external debt, both public and private (2004 est.)
Yemen $5.469 billion (2006 est.)
Zambia $4.397 billion (2006 est.)
Zimbabwe $5.26 billion (2006 est.)
This page was last updated on 8 February, 2007
======================================================================
@2080 Fiscal year
Afghanistan 21 March - 20 March
Albania calendar year
Algeria calendar year
American Samoa 1 October - 30 September
Andorra calendar year
Angola calendar year
Anguilla 1 April - 31 March
Antigua and Barbuda 1 April - 31 March
Argentina calendar year
Armenia calendar year
Aruba calendar year
Australia 1 July - 30 June
Austria calendar year
Azerbaijan calendar year
Bahamas, The 1 July - 30 June
Bahrain calendar year
Bangladesh 1 July - 30 June
Barbados 1 April - 31 March
Belarus calendar year
Belgium calendar year
Belize 1 April - 31 March
Benin calendar year
Bermuda 1 April - 31 March
Bhutan 1 July - 30 June
Bolivia calendar year
Bosnia and Herzegovina calendar year
Botswana 1 April - 31 March
Brazil calendar year
British Virgin Islands 1 April - 31 March
Brunei calendar year
Bulgaria calendar year
Burkina Faso calendar year
Burma 1 April - 31 March
Burundi calendar year
Cambodia calendar year
Cameroon 1 July - 30 June
Canada 1 April - 31 March
Cape Verde calendar year
Cayman Islands 1 April - 31 March
Central African Republic calendar year
Chad calendar year
Chile calendar year
China calendar year
Christmas Island 1 July - 30 June
Cocos (Keeling) Islands 1 July - 30 June
Colombia calendar year
Comoros calendar year
Congo, Democratic Republic of the calendar year
Congo, Republic of the calendar year
Cook Islands 1 April - 31 March
Costa Rica calendar year
Cote d'Ivoire calendar year
Croatia calendar year
Cuba calendar year
Cyprus calendar year
Czech Republic calendar year
Denmark calendar year
Djibouti calendar year
Dominica 1 July - 30 June
Dominican Republic calendar year
East Timor 1 July - 30 June
Ecuador calendar year
Egypt 1 July - 30 June
El Salvador calendar year
Equatorial Guinea calendar year
Eritrea calendar year
Estonia calendar year
Ethiopia 8 July - 7 July
European Union NA
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) 1 April - 31 March
Faroe Islands calendar year
Fiji calendar year
Finland calendar year
France calendar year
French Polynesia calendar year
Gabon calendar year
Gambia, The calendar year
Gaza Strip calendar year
Georgia calendar year
Germany calendar year
Ghana calendar year
Gibraltar 1 July - 30 June
Greece calendar year
Greenland calendar year
Grenada calendar year
Guam 1 October - 30 September
Guatemala calendar year
Guernsey calendar year
Guinea calendar year
Guinea-Bissau calendar year
Guyana calendar year
Haiti 1 October - 30 September
Holy See (Vatican City) calendar year
Honduras calendar year
Hong Kong 1 April - 31 March
Hungary calendar year
Iceland calendar year
India 1 April - 31 March
Indonesia calendar year; note - previously was 1 April - 31 March, but starting with 2001, has been changed to calendar year
Iran 21 March - 20 March
Iraq calendar year
Ireland calendar year
Isle of Man 1 April - 31 March
Israel calendar year
Italy calendar year
Jamaica 1 April - 31 March
Japan 1 April - 31 March
Jersey 1 April - 31 March
Jordan calendar year
Kazakhstan calendar year
Kenya 1 July - 30 June
Kiribati NA
Korea, North calendar year
Korea, South calendar year
Kuwait 1 April - 31 March
Kyrgyzstan calendar year
Laos 1 October - 30 September
Latvia calendar year
Lebanon calendar year
Lesotho 1 April - 31 March
Liberia calendar year
Libya calendar year
Liechtenstein calendar year
Lithuania calendar year
Luxembourg calendar year
Macau calendar year
Macedonia calendar year
Madagascar calendar year
Malawi 1 July - 30 June
Malaysia calendar year
Maldives calendar year
Mali calendar year
Malta calendar year
Marshall Islands 1 October - 30 September
Mauritania calendar year
Mauritius 1 July - 30 June
Mayotte calendar year
Mexico calendar year
Micronesia, Federated States of 1 October - 30 September
Moldova calendar year
Monaco calendar year
Mongolia calendar year
Montenegro calendar year
Montserrat 1 April - 31 March
Morocco calendar year
Mozambique calendar year
Namibia 1 April - 31 March
Nauru 1 July - 30 June
Nepal 16 July - 15 July
Netherlands calendar year
Netherlands Antilles calendar year
New Caledonia calendar year
New Zealand 1 July - 30 June
Nicaragua calendar year
Niger calendar year
Nigeria calendar year
Niue 1 April - 31 March
Norfolk Island 1 July - 30 June
Northern Mariana Islands 1 October - 30 September
Norway calendar year
Oman calendar year
Pakistan 1 July - 30 June
Palau 1 October - 30 September
Panama calendar year
Papua New Guinea calendar year
Paraguay calendar year
Peru calendar year
Philippines calendar year
Pitcairn Islands 1 April - 31 March
Poland calendar year
Portugal calendar year
Puerto Rico 1 July - 30 June
Qatar 1 April - 31 March
Romania calendar year
Russia calendar year
Rwanda calendar year
Saint Helena 1 April - 31 March
Saint Kitts and Nevis calendar year
Saint Lucia 1 April - 31 March
Saint Pierre and Miquelon calendar year
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines calendar year
Samoa June 1 - May 31
San Marino calendar year
Sao Tome and Principe calendar year
Saudi Arabia 1 March - 28 February
Senegal calendar year
Seychelles calendar year
Sierra Leone calendar year
Singapore 1 April - 31 March
Slovakia calendar year
Slovenia calendar year
Solomon Islands calendar year
Somalia NA
South Africa 1 April - 31 March
Spain calendar year
Sri Lanka calendar year
Sudan calendar year
Suriname calendar year
Swaziland 1 April - 31 March
Sweden calendar year
Switzerland calendar year
Syria calendar year
Taiwan 1 July - 30 June (up to FY98/99); 1 July 1999 - 31 December 2000 for FY00; calendar year (after FY00)
Tajikistan calendar year
Tanzania 1 July - 30 June
Thailand 1 October - 30 September
Togo calendar year
Tokelau 1 April - 31 March
Tonga 1 July - 30 June
Trinidad and Tobago 1 October - 30 September
Tunisia calendar year
Turkey calendar year
Turkmenistan calendar year
Turks and Caicos Islands calendar year
Tuvalu calendar year
Uganda 1 July - 30 June
Ukraine calendar year
United Arab Emirates calendar year
United Kingdom 6 April - 5 April
United States 1 October - 30 September
Uruguay calendar year
Uzbekistan calendar year
Vanuatu calendar year
Venezuela calendar year
Vietnam calendar year
Virgin Islands 1 October - 30 September
Wallis and Futuna calendar year
West Bank calendar year
Western Sahara calendar year
Yemen calendar year
Zambia calendar year
Zimbabwe calendar year
This page was last updated on 8 February, 2007
======================================================================
@2081 Flag description
Afghanistan three equal vertical bands of black (hoist), red, and green, with a gold emblem centered on the red band; the emblem features a temple-like structure encircled by a wreath on the left and right and by a bold Islamic inscription above
Akrotiri the flag of the UK is used
Albania red with a black two-headed eagle in the center
Algeria two equal vertical bands of green (hoist side) and white; a red, five-pointed star within a red crescent centered over the two-color boundary; the crescent, star, and color green are traditional symbols of Islam (the state religion)
American Samoa blue, with a white triangle edged in red that is based on the outer side and extends to the hoist side; a brown and white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying two traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a staff and a war club
Andorra three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the coat of arms features a quartered shield; similar to the flags of Chad and Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem
Angola two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black with a centered yellow emblem consisting of a five-pointed star within half a cogwheel crossed by a machete (in the style of a hammer and sickle)
Anguilla blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Anguillan coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms depicts three orange dolphins in an interlocking circular design on a white background with blue wavy water below
Antigua and Barbuda red, with an inverted isosceles triangle based on the top edge of the flag; the triangle contains three horizontal bands of black (top), light blue, and white, with a yellow rising sun in the black band
Argentina three equal horizontal bands of light blue (top), white, and light blue; centered in the white band is a radiant yellow sun with a human face known as the Sun of May
Armenia three equal horizontal bands of red (top), blue, and orange
Aruba blue, with two narrow, horizontal, yellow stripes across the lower portion and a red, four-pointed star outlined in white in the upper hoist-side corner
Ashmore and Cartier Islands the flag of Australia is used
Australia blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and a large seven-pointed star in the lower hoist-side quadrant known as the Commonwealth or Federation Star, representing the federation of the colonies of Australia in 1901; the star depicts one point for each of the six original states and one representing all of Australia's internal and external territories; on the fly half is a representation of the Southern Cross constellation in white with one small five-pointed star and four larger, seven-pointed stars
Austria three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and red
Azerbaijan three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), red, and green; a crescent and eight-pointed star in white are centered in red band
Bahamas, The three equal horizontal bands of aquamarine (top), gold, and aquamarine, with a black equilateral triangle based on the hoist side
Bahrain red, the traditional color for flags of Persian Gulf states, with a white serrated band (five white points) on the hoist side; the five points represent the five pillars of Islam
Baker Island the flag of the US is used
Bangladesh green field with a large red disk shifted slightly to the hoist side of center; the red disk represents the rising sun and the sacrifice to achieve independence; the green field symbolizes the lush vegetation of Bangladesh
Barbados three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), gold, and blue with the head of a black trident centered on the gold band; the trident head represents independence and a break with the past (the colonial coat of arms contained a complete trident)
Bassas da India the flag of France is used
Belarus red horizontal band (top) and green horizontal band one-half the width of the red band; a white vertical stripe on the hoist side bears Belarusian national ornamentation in red
Belgium three equal vertical bands of black (hoist side), yellow, and red; the design was based on the flag of France
Belize blue with a narrow red stripe along the top and the bottom edges; centered is a large white disk bearing the coat of arms; the coat of arms features a shield flanked by two workers in front of a mahogany tree with the related motto SUB UMBRA FLOREO (I Flourish in the Shade) on a scroll at the bottom, all encircled by a green garland
Benin two equal horizontal bands of yellow (top) and red (bottom) with a vertical green band on the hoist side
Bermuda red, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Bermudian coat of arms (white and green shield with a red lion holding a scrolled shield showing the sinking of the ship Sea Venture off Bermuda in 1609) centered on the outer half of the flag
Bhutan divided diagonally from the lower hoist side corner; the upper triangle is yellow and the lower triangle is orange; centered along the dividing line is a large black and white dragon facing away from the hoist side
Bolivia three equal horizontal bands of red (top), yellow, and green with the coat of arms centered on the yellow band; similar to the flag of Ghana, which has a large black five-pointed star centered in the yellow band
Bosnia and Herzegovina a wide medium blue vertical band on the fly side with a yellow isosceles triangle abutting the band and the top of the flag; the remainder of the flag is medium blue with seven full five-pointed white stars and two half stars top and bottom along the hypotenuse of the triangle
Botswana light blue with a horizontal white-edged black stripe in the center
Bouvet Island the flag of Norway is used
Brazil green with a large yellow diamond in the center bearing a blue celestial globe with 27 white five-pointed stars (one for each state and the Federal District) arranged in the same pattern as the night sky over Brazil; the globe has a white equatorial band with the motto ORDEM E PROGRESSO (Order and Progress)
British Indian Ocean Territory white with six blue wavy horizontal stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag
British Virgin Islands blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Virgin Islander coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms depicts a woman flanked on either side by a vertical column of six oil lamps above a scroll bearing the Latin word VIGILATE (Be Watchful)
Brunei yellow with two diagonal bands of white (top, almost double width) and black starting from the upper hoist side; the national emblem in red is superimposed at the center; the emblem includes a swallow-tailed flag on top of a winged column within an upturned crescent above a scroll and flanked by two upraised hands
Bulgaria three equal horizontal bands of white (top), green, and red; note - the national emblem, formerly on the hoist side of the white stripe, has been removed
Burkina Faso two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and green with a yellow five-pointed star in the center; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia
Burma red with a blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner bearing, 14 white five-pointed stars encircling a cogwheel containing a stalk of rice; the 14 stars represent the seven administrative divisions and seven states
Burundi divided by a white diagonal cross into red panels (top and bottom) and green panels (hoist side and fly side) with a white disk superimposed at the center bearing three red six-pointed stars outlined in green arranged in a triangular design (one star above, two stars below)
Cambodia three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (double width), and blue with a white three-towered temple representing Angkor Wat outlined in black in the center of the red band; only national flag to incorporate an actual building in its design
Cameroon three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), red, and yellow with a yellow five-pointed star centered in the red band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia
Canada two vertical bands of red (hoist and fly side, half width), with white square between them; an 11-pointed red maple leaf is centered in the white square; the official colors of Canada are red and white
Cape Verde three horizontal bands of light blue (top, double width), white (with a horizontal red stripe in the middle third), and light blue; a circle of 10 yellow five-pointed stars is centered on the hoist end of the red stripe and extends into the upper and lower blue bands
Cayman Islands blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Caymanian coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms includes a pineapple and turtle above a shield with three stars (representing the three islands) and a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto HE HATH FOUNDED IT UPON THE SEAS
Central African Republic four equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, green, and yellow with a vertical red band in center; there is a yellow five-pointed star on the hoist side of the blue band
Chad three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red; similar to the flag of Romania; also similar to the flags of Andorra and Moldova, both of which have a national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; design was based on the flag of France
Chile two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red; there is a blue square the same height as the white band at the hoist-side end of the white band; the square bears a white five-pointed star in the center representing a guide to progress and honor; blue symbolizes the sky, white is for the snow-covered Andes, and red stands for the blood spilled to achieve independence; design was influenced by the US flag
China red with a large yellow five-pointed star and four smaller yellow five-pointed stars (arranged in a vertical arc toward the middle of the flag) in the upper hoist-side corner
Christmas Island territorial flag; divided diagonally from upper hoist to lower fly; the upper triangle is green with a yellow image of the Golden Bosun Bird superimposed, while the lower triangle is blue with the Southern Cross constellation, representing Australia, superimposed; a centered yellow disk displays a green map of the island; the flag of Australia is used for official purposes
Clipperton Island the flag of France is used
Cocos (Keeling) Islands the flag of Australia is used
Colombia three horizontal bands of yellow (top, double-width), blue, and red; similar to the flag of Ecuador, which is longer and bears the Ecuadorian coat of arms superimposed in the center
Comoros four equal horizontal bands of yellow (top), white, red, and blue with a green isosceles triangle based on the hoist; centered within the triangle is a white crescent with the convex side facing the hoist and four white, five-pointed stars placed vertically in a line between the points of the crescent; the horizontal bands and the four stars represent the four main islands of the archipelago - Mwali, Njazidja, Nzwani, and Mayotte (a territorial collectivity of France, but claimed by Comoros); the crescent, stars, and color green are traditional symbols of Islam
Congo, Democratic Republic of the sky blue field divided diagonally from the lower hoist corner to upper fly corner by a red stripe bordered by two narrow yellow stripes; a yellow, five-pointed star appears in the upper hoist corner
Congo, Republic of the divided diagonally from the lower hoist side by a yellow band; the upper triangle (hoist side) is green and the lower triangle is red; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia
Cook Islands blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and a large circle of 15 white five-pointed stars (one for every island) centered in the outer half of the flag
Coral Sea Islands the flag of Australia is used
Costa Rica five horizontal bands of blue (top), white, red (double width), white, and blue, with the coat of arms in a white elliptical disk on the hoist side of the red band; above the coat of arms a light blue ribbon contains the words, AMERICA CENTRAL, and just below it near the top of the coat of arms is a white ribbon with the words, REPUBLICA COSTA RICA |
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