Diplomatic representation in US: chief of mission: Ambassador Amos Bernard Muvengwa MIDZI chancery: 1608 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009 telephone: [1] (202) 332-7100 FAX: [1] (202) 483-9326

US diplomatic representation: chief of mission: Ambassador Johnny CARSON embassy: 172 Herbert Chitepo Avenue, Harare mailing address: P. O. Box 3340, Harare telephone: [263] (4) 794521 FAX: [263] (4) 796488

Flag: seven equal horizontal bands of green, yellow, red, black, red, yellow, and green with a white equilateral triangle edged in black based on the hoist side; a yellow Zimbabwe bird is superimposed on a red five-pointed star in the center of the triangle

@Zimbabwe:Economy

Overview: Agriculture employs three-fourths of the labor force and supplies almost 40% of exports. The manufacturing sector, based on agriculture and mining, produces a variety of goods and contributes 35% to GDP. Mining accounts for only 5% of both GDP and employment, but minerals and metals account for about 40% of exports. Severe drought caused GDP to drop 8% in 1992, with growth rebounding to 2% in 1993 and 3.5% in 1994. Despite the lingering effects of the drought on economic and social conditions, the government is continuing to push its IMF/World Bank structural adjustment program aimed at encouraging exports and foreign investment.

National product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $17.4 billion (1994 est.)

National product real growth rate: 3.5% (1994 est.)

National product per capita: $1,580 (1994 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices): 22% (December 1994 est.)

Unemployment rate: at least 45% (1994 est.)

Budget: revenues: $1.7 billion expenditures: $2.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $253 million (FY92/93)

Exports: $1.8 billion (f.o.b., 1994 est.) commodities: agricultural 35% (tobacco 30%, other 5%), manufactures 25%, gold 12%, ferrochrome 10%, textiles 8% (1992) partners: UK 14%, Germany 11%, South Africa 10%, Japan 7%, US 5% (1991)

Imports: $1.8 billion (c.i.f., 1992 est.) commodities: machinery and transportation equipment 41%, other manufactures 23%, chemicals 16%, fuels 12% (1991) partners: South Africa 25%, UK 15%, Germany 9%, US 6%, Japan 5% (1991)

External debt: $3.5 billion (December 1992 est.)

Industrial production: growth rate 2.3% (1992); accounts for 35% of GDP

Electricity: capacity: 2,040,000 kW production: 9 billion kWh consumption per capita: 913 kWh (1993)

Industries: mining, steel, clothing and footwear, chemicals, foodstuffs, fertilizer, beverage, transportation equipment, wood products

Agriculture: accounts for 20% of GDP; 40% of land area divided into 4,500 large commercial farms and 42% in communal lands; crops - corn (food staple), cotton, tobacco, wheat, coffee, sugarcane, peanuts; livestock - cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; self-sufficient in food

Economic aid: NA

Currency: 1 Zimbabwean dollar (Z$) = 100 cents

Exchange rates: Zimbabwean dollars (Z$) per US$1 - 8.3752 (January 1995), 8.1500 (1994), 6.4725 (1993), 5.1046 (1992), 3.4282 (1991), 2.4480 (1990)

Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June

@Zimbabwe:Transportation

Railroads: total: 2,745 km narrow gauge: 2,745 km 1.067-m gauge (355 km electrified; 42 km double track)

Highways: total: 85,237 km paved: 15,800 km unpaved: crushed stone, gravel, stabilized earth 39,090 km; improved earth 23,097 km; unimproved earth 7,250 km

Inland waterways: Lake Kariba is a potential line of communication

Pipelines: petroleum products 212 km

Ports: Binga, Kariba

Airports: total: 471 with paved runways over 3,047 m: 3 with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 6 with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 13 with paved runways under 914 m: 222 with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m: 2 with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 223

@Zimbabwe:Communications

Telephone system: 247,000 telephones; system was once one of the best in Africa, but now suffers from poor maintenance local: NA intercity: consists of microwave links, open-wire lines, and radio communications stations international: 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station

Radio: broadcast stations: AM 8, FM 18, shortwave 0 radios: NA

Television: broadcast stations: 8 televisions: NA

@Zimbabwe:Defense Forces

Branches: Zimbabwe National Army, Air Force of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Republic Police (includes Police Support Unit, Paramilitary Police)

Manpower availability: males age 15-49 2,435,931; males fit for military service 1,514,068 (1995 est.)

Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $175 million, 3.1% of GDP (FY94/95)



APPENDIX B

Abbreviations for International Organizations and Groups

Note: Not all international organizations and groups have abbreviations.

A

ABEDA — Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa

ACC — Arab Cooperation Council

ACCT — Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique; see Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation

ACP — African, Caribbean, and Pacific Countries

AfDB — African Development Bank

AFESD — Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development

AG — Andean Group

AL — Arab League

ALADI — Asociacion Latinoamericana de Integracion; see Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)

AMF — Arab Monetary Fund

AMU — Arab Maghreb Union

ANZUS — Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty

APEC — Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation

AsDB — Asian Development Bank

ASEAN — Association of Southeast Asian Nations

B

BAD — Banque Africaine de Developpement; see African Development Bank (AfDB)

BADEA — Banque Arabe de Developpement Economique en Afrique; see Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)

BCIE — Banco Centroamericano de Integracion Economico; see Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)

BDEAC — Banque de Developpment des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale; see Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)

Benelux — Benelux Economic Union

BID — Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo; see Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)

BIS — Bank for International Settlements

BOAD — Banque Ouest-Africaine de Developpement; see West African Development Bank (WADB)

BSEC — Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone

C

C — Commonwealth

CACM — Central American Common Market

CAEU — Council of Arab Economic Unity

CARICOM — Caribbean Community and Common Market

CBSS — Council of the Baltic Sea States

CCC — Customs Cooperation Council

CDB — Caribbean Development Bank

CE — Council of Europe

CEAO — Communaute Economique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest; see West African Economic Community (CEAO)

CEEAC — Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale; see Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)

CEI — Central European Initiative

CEMA — Council for Mutual Economic Assistance; also known as CMEA or Comecon; abolished 1 January 1991

CEPGL — Communaute Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs; see Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)

CERN — Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire; see European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)

CG — Contadora Group

CIS — Commonwealth of Independent States

CMEA — Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA); also known as Comecon; abolished 1 January 1991

COCOM — Coordinating Committee on Export Controls

Comecon — Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA); also known as CMEA; abolished 1 January 1991

CP — Colombo Plan

CSCE — Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe

D

DC — developed country

E

EADB — East African Development Bank

EBRD — European Bank for Reconstruction and Development

EC — European Community; see European Union (EU)

ECA — Economic Commission for Africa

ECAFE — Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East; see Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)

ECE — Economic Commission for Europe

ECLA — Economic Commission for Latin America; see Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)

ECLAC — Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean

ECO — Economic Cooperation Organization

ECOSOC — Economic and Social Council

ECOWAS — Economic Community of West African States

ECSC — European Coal and Steel Community

ECWA — Economic Commission for Western Asia; see Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)

EEC — European Economic Community

EFTA — European Free Trade Association

EIB — European Investment Bank

Entente — Council of the Entente

ESA — European Space Agency

ESCAP — Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific

ESCWA — Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia

EU — European Union

Euratom — European Atomic Energy Community

F

FAO — Food and Agriculture Organization

FLS — Front Line States

FZ — Franc Zone

G

G-2 — Group of 2

G-3 — Group of 3

G-5 — Group of 5

G-6 — Group of 6 (not to be confused with the Big Six)

G-7 — Group of 7

G-8 — Group of 8

G-9 — Group of 9

G-10 — Group of 10

G-11 — Group of 11

G-15 — Group of 15

G-19 — Group of 19

G-24 — Group of 24

G-30 — Group of 30

G-33 — Group of 33

G-77 — Group of 77

GATT — General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

GCC — Gulf Cooperation Council

H

Habitat — Commission on Human Settlements

I

IADB — Inter-American Development Bank

IAEA — International Atomic Energy Agency

IBEC — International Bank for Economic Cooperation

IBRD — International Bank for Reconstruction and Development

ICAO — International Civil Aviation Organization

ICC — International Chamber of Commerce

ICEM — Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration; see International Organization for Migration (IOM)

ICFTU — International Confederation of Free Trade Unions

ICJ — International Court of Justice

ICM — Intergovernmental Committee for Migration; see International Organization for Migration (IOM)

ICRC — International Committee of the Red Cross

ICRM — International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement

IDA — International Development Association

IDB — Islamic Development Bank

IEA — International Energy Agency

IFAD — International Fund for Agricultural Development

IFC — International Finance Corporation

IFCTU — International Federation of Christian Trade Unions

IFRCS — International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

IGADD — Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development

IIB — International Investment Bank

ILO — International Labor Organization

IMCO — Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization; see International Maritime Organization (IMO)

IMF — International Monetary Fund

IMO — International Maritime Organization

INMARSAT — International Maritime Satellite Organization

INTELSAT — International Telecommunications Satellite Organization

INTERPOL — International Criminal Police Organization

IOC — International Olympic Committee

IOM — International Organization for Migration

ISO — International Organization for Standardization

ITU — International Telecommunication Union

L

LAES — Latin American Economic System

LAIA — Latin American Integration Association

LAS — League of Arab States; see Arab League (AL)

LDC — less developed country

LLDC — least developed country

LORCS — League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

M

MERCOSUR — Mercado Comun del Cono Sur; see Southern Cone Common Market

MINURSO — United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara

MTCR — Missile Technology Control Regime

N

NACC — North Atlantic Cooperation Council

NAM — Nonaligned Movement

NATO — North Atlantic Treaty Organization

NC — Nordic Council

NEA — Nuclear Energy Agency

NIB — Nordic Investment Bank

NIC — newly industrializing country; see newly industrializing economy (NIE)

NIE — newly industrializing economy

NSG — Nuclear Suppliers Group

O

OAPEC — Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries

OAS — Organization of American States

OAU — Organization of African Unity

OECD — Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

OECS — Organization of Eastern Caribbean States

OIC — Organization of the Islamic Conference

ONUMOZ — see UNOMOZ

ONUSAL — United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador

OPANAL — Organismo para la Proscripcion de las Armas Nucleares en la America Latina y el Caribe; see Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean

OPEC — Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

OSCE — Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe

P

PCA — Permanent Court of Arbitration

PFP — Partnership for Peace

R

RG — Rio Group

S

SAARC — South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation

SACU — Southern African Customs Union

SADC — Southern African Development Community

SADCC — Southern African Development Coordination Conference

SELA — Sistema Economico Latinoamericana; see Latin American Economic System (LAES)

SPARTECA — South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement

SPC — South Pacific Commission

SPF — South Pacific Forum

U

UDEAC — Union Douaniere et Economique de l'Afrique Centrale; see Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)

UN — United Nations

UNAVEM II — United Nations Angola Verification Mission

UNAMIR — United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda

UNCTAD — United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

UNDOF — United Nations Disengagement Observer Force

UNDP — United Nations Development Program

UNEP — United Nations Environment Program

UNESCO — United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization

UNFICYP — United Nations Force in Cyprus

UNFPA — United Nations Fund for Population Activities; see UN Population Fund (UNFPA)

UNHCR — United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees

UNICEF — United Nations Children's Fund

UNIDO — United Nations Industrial Development Organization

UNIFIL — United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon

UNIKOM — United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission

UNITAR — United Nations Institute for Training and Research

UNMIH — United Nations Mission in Haiti

UNMOGIP — United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan

UNOMIG — United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia

UNOMIL — United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia

UNOMOZ — United Nations Operation in Mozambique

UNOMUR — United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda (ONUMOZ)

UNOSOM — United Nations Operation in Somalia

UNPROFOR — United Nations Protection Force

UNRISD — United Nations Research Institute for Social Development

UNRWA — United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East

UNTAC — United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia

UNTSO — United Nations Truce Supervision Organization

UNU — United Nations University

UPU — Universal Postal Union

USSR/EE — USSR/Eastern Europe

W

WADB — West African Development Bank

WCL — World Confederation of Labor

WEU — Western European Union

WFC — World Food Council

WFP — World Food Program

WFTU — World Federation of Trade Unions

WHO — World Health Organization

WIPO — World Intellectual Property Organization

WMO — World Meteorological Organization

WP — Warsaw Pact (members met 1 July 1991 to dissolve the alliance)

WTO — see WToO

WToO — World Tourism Organization

WTrO — World Trade Organization (will be added in The World Factbook 1996)

Z

ZC — Zangger Committee



APPENDIX C

International Organizations and Groups

Note: The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) has dissolved and ceases to exist. None of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, including Serbia and Montenegro, have been permitted to participate solely on the basis of the membership of the former Yugoslavia in the United Nations General Assembly and Economic and Social Council and their subsidiary bodies and in various United Nations specialized agencies. The United Nations, however, permits the seat and nameplate of the SFRY to remain, permits the SFRY mission to continue to function, and continues to fly the flag of the former Yugoslavia. For a variety of reasons, a number of other organizations have not yet taken action with regard to the membership of the former Yugoslavia. The World Factbook therefore continues to list Yugoslavia under international organizations where the SFRY seat remains or where no action has yet been taken.

advanced developing countries

another term for those less developed countries (LDCs) with particularly rapid industrial development; see newly industrializing economies (NIEs)

African, Caribbean, and Pacific Countries (ACP)

address — Avenue Georges Henri 451, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium

telephone — [32] (2) 733 96 00

FAX — [32] (2) 735 55 73

established — 1 April 1976

aim — to manage their preferential economic and aid relationship with the EU

members — (70) Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tuvalu, Uganda, Vanuatu, Western Samoa, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe

African Development Bank (AfDB)

note — also known as Banque Africaine de Developpement (BAD)

address — 01 BP 1387, Abidjan 01, Cote dIvoire

telephone — [225] 20 44 44

FAX — [225] 21 77 53, 20 49 01, 20 49 09

established — 4 August 1963

aim — to promote economic and social development

regional members — (51) Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe

nonregional members — (26) Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Kuwait, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US, Yugoslavia

Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique (ACCT)

see — Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation (ACCT)

Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation (ACCT)

note — acronym from Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique

address — 13 quai Andre-Citroen, F-75015 Paris, France

telephone — [33] (1) 44 37 33 00

FAX — [33] (1) 45 79 14 98

established — 21 March 1970

aim — to promote cultural and technical cooperation among French-speaking countries

members — (37) Belgium, Benin, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Dominica, Equatorial Guinea, France, Gabon, Guinea, Haiti, Laos, Lebanon, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritius, Monaco, Niger, Romania, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles, Togo, Tunisia, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Zaire

associate members — (5) Egypt, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania, Morocco, Saint Lucia

participating governments — (2) New Brunswick (Canada), Quebec (Canada)

Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the

Caribbean (OPANAL)

note — acronym from Organismo para la Proscripcion de las Armas Nucleares en la America Latina y el Caribe (OPANAL)

address — Temistocles 78, Col Polanco, CP 011560, Mexico City 5 DF, Mexico

telephone — [52] (5) 280 4923, 280 5064

FAX — [52] (5) 280 2965

established — 14 February 1967

aim — to encourage the peaceful uses of atomic energy and prohibit nuclear weapons

members — (28) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, The Bahamas, Barbados, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela

Andean Group (AG)

address — co JUNAC, Paseo de la Republica 3895, Casilla 18-1177, Lima 27, Peru

telephone — [51] (14) 414212

FAX — [51] (14) 420911

established — 26 May 1969

effective — 16 October 1969

aim — to promote harmonious development through economic integration

members — (5) Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

associate member — (1) Panama

observers — (26) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Costa Rica, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, India, Israel, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, Paraguay, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US, Uruguay, Yugoslavia

Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)

note — also known as Banque Arabe de Developpement Economique en Afrique (BADEA)

address — Sayed Abdel Rahman El Mahdi Avenue, P.O. Box 2640, Khartoum, Sudan

telephone — [249] (11) 73646, 73498, 73709

FAX — [249] (11) 70600

established — 18 February 1974

effective — 16 September 1974

aim — to promote economic development

members — (17 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, UAE, Palestine Liberation Organization; note - these are all the members of the Arab League except for Comoros, Djibouti, Somalia, and Yemen

Arab Cooperation Council (ACC)

established — 16 February 1989

aim — to promote economic cooperation and integration, possibly leading to an Arab Common Market

members — (4) Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Yemen

Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development (AFESD)

address — P.O. Box 21923, Safat 13080, Kuwait

telephone — [965] 2451580, 2451588

FAX — [965] 2416758

established — 16 May 1968

aim — to promote economic and social development

members — (20 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Algeria, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt (suspended from 1979 to 1988), Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, UAE, Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization

Arab League (AL)

note — also known as League of Arab States (LAS)

address — Midan Attahrir, Tahrir Square, P.O. Box 11642, Cairo, Egypt

telephone — [20] (2) 750 511

FAX — [20] (2) 740 331

established — 22 March 1945

aim — to promote economic, social, political, and military cooperation

members — (21 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, UAE, Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization

Arab Maghreb Union (AMU)

address — 27 avenue Okba Agdal, Rabat, Morocco

established — 17 February 1989

aim — to promote cooperation and integration among the Arab states of northern Africa

members — (5) Algeria, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Tunisia

Arab Monetary Fund (AMF)

address — P.O. Box 2818, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

telephone — [971] (2) 215000

FAX — [971] (2) 326454

established — 27 April 1976

effective — 2 February 1977

aim — to promote Arab cooperation, development, and integration in monetary and economic affairs

members — (19 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, UAE, Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization

Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)

address — Ministry of Trade and Industry, Public Relations, 8 Shenton Way No 48-01, Treasury Building, Singapore, Singapore

established — 7 November 1989

aim — to promote trade and investment in the Pacific basin

members — (18) all ASEAN members (Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand) plus Australia, Canada, Chile, China, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, NZ, Papua New Guinea, Taiwan, US

observers — (3) Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Pacific Economic Cooperation Conference, South Pacific Forum

Asian Development Bank (AsDB)

address — 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong, METRO Manila, Philippines

telephone — [63] (2) 711 3851

FAX — [63] (2) 741 7961, 631 6816

established — 19 December 1966

aim — to promote regional economic cooperation

regional members — (40) Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burma, Cambodia, China, Cook Islands, Fiji, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Nauru, Nepal, NZ, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Tonga, Tuvalu, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Western Samoa

nonregional members — (16) Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US

Asociacion Latinoamericana de Integracion (ALADI)

see — Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)

Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

address — Jalan Sisingamangaraja 70A, Kebayoran Baru, P.O. Box 2072, Jakarta 12110, Indonesia

telephone — [62] (21) 71 22 72, 71 19 88

FAX — [62] (21) 739 82 34

established — 9 August 1967

aim — to encourage regional economic, social, and cultural cooperation among the non-Communist countries of Southeast Asia

members — (6) Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand

observers — (3) Laos, Papua New Guinea, Vietnam

Australia Group

established — 1984

aim — to consult on and coordinate export controls related to chemical and biological weapons

members — (28) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US

observer — (1) Singapore

Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty (ANZUS)

address — c/o Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Bag 8, Queen Victoria Terrace, Canberra ACT 2600, Australia

telephone — [61] (62) 61 91 11

FAX — [61] (62) 61 21 51

established — 1 September 1951

effective — 29 April 1952

aim — to implement a trilateral mutual security agreement, although the US suspended security obligations to NZ on 11 August 1986

members — (3) Australia, NZ, US

Banco Centroamericano de Integracion Economico (BCIE)

see — Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)

Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID)

see — Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)

Bank for International Settlements (BIS)

address — Centralbahnplatz 2, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland

telephone — [41] (61) 280 80 80

FAX — [41] (61) 280 91 00

established — 20 January 1930

effective — 17 March 1930

aim — to promote cooperation among central banks in international financial settlements

members — (33) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US, Yugoslavia

Banque Africaine de Developpement (BAD)

see — African Development Bank (AfDB)

Banque Arabe de Developpement Economique en Afrique (BADEA)

see — Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)

Banque de Developpement des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale (BDEAC)

see — Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)

Banque Ouest-Africaine de Developpement (BOAD)

see — West African Development Bank (WADB)

Benelux Economic Union (Benelux)

note — acronym from Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg

address — Rue de la Regence 39, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium

telephone — [32] (2) 519 38 11

FAX — [32] (2) 513 42 06

established — 3 February 1958

effective — 1 November 1960

aim — to develop closer economic cooperation and integration

members — (3) Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands

Big Seven

note — membership is the same as the Group of 7

established — NA 1975

aim — to discuss and coordinate major economic policies

members — (7) Big Six (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK) plus the US

Big Six

note — not to be confused with the Group of 6

established — NA 1967

aim — to foster economic cooperation

members — (6) Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK

Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone (BSEC)

established — 25 June 1992

aim — to enhance regional stability through economic cooperation

members — (11) Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia, Greece, Moldova, Romania, Russia, Turkey, Ukraine

observer — (1) Poland

Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM)

address — CARICOM, P.O. Box 10827, Bank of Guyana Building, 3rd floor, Avenue of the Republic, Georgetown, Guyana

telephone — [592] (2) 69281 through 69289

FAX — [592] (2) 66091, 67816, 57341

established — 4 July 1973

effective — 1 August 1973

aim — to promote economic integration and development, especially among the less developed countries

members — (14) Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago

associate members — (2) British Virgin Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands

observers — (9) Anguilla, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Mexico, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Venezuela

Caribbean Development Bank (CDB)

address — P.O. Box 408, Wildey, St. Michael, Barbados

telephone — [1] (809) 431 1600

FAX — [1] (809) 426 7269

established — 18 October 1969

effective — 26 January 1970

aim — to promote economic development and cooperation

regional members — (20) Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Colombia, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Mexico, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, Venezuela

nonregional members — (5) Canada, France, Germany, Italy, UK

Cartagena Group

see — Group of 11

Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)

note — acronym from Union Douaniere et Economique de l'Afrique Centrale

address — BP 969, Bangui, Central African Republic

telephone — [236] 61 09 22, 61 45 77

FAX — [236] 61 21 35

established — 8 December 1964

effective — 1 January 1966

aim — to promote the establishment of a Central African Common Market

members — (6) Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon

Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)

note — acronym from Banque de Developpement des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale

address — BDEAC, Place du Gouvernement, BP 1177, Brazzaville, Congo

telephone — [242] 83 01 26, 83 01 49, 81 02 12, 81 02 21

FAX — [242] 83 02 66

established — 3 December 1975

aim — to provide loans for economic development

members — (9) Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, France, Gabon, Germany, Kuwait

Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)

note — acronym from Banco Centroamericano de Integracion Economico

address — Apartado Postal 772, Tegucigalpa DC, Honduras

telephone — [504] 372230 through 372239, 371184 through 371188

FAX — [504] 370793

established — 13 December 1960

aim — to promote economic integration and development

members — (5) Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua

nonregional members — (4) Argentina, Mexico, Taiwan, Venezuela

Central American Common Market (CACM)

address — 4A Avda 10-25, Zona 14, Apdo Postal 1237, 01901 Guatemala City, Guatemala

telephone — [502] (2) 682151

FAX — [502] (2) 681071

established — 13 December 1960

effective — 3 June 1961

aim — to promote establishment of a Central American Common Market

members — (5) Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua

Central European Initiative (CEI)

note — evolved from the Hexagonal Group

address — Chairman of the National Coordinators, Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Bem rakpart 47, Budapest II, Hungary

established — 27 July 1991

aim — to form an economic and political cooperation group for the region between the Adriatic and the Baltic Seas

members — (10) Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia

associate members — (4) Bulgaria, Belarus, Romania, Ukraine

centrally planned economies

a term applied mainly to the traditionally Communist states that looked to the former USSR for leadership; most are now evolving toward more democratic and market-oriented systems; also known formerly as the Second World or as the Communist countries; through the 1980s, this group included Albania, Bulgaria, Cambodia, China, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, GDR, Hungary, North Korea, Laos, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, USSR, Vietnam, Yugoslavia

Colombo Plan (CP)

address — Colombo Plan Bureau, P.O. Box 596, 12 Melbourne Avenue, Colombo 4, Sri Lanka

telephone — [94] (1) 581813, 581853, 581754

FAX — [94] (1) 580721

established — 1 July 1951

aim — to promote economic and social development in Asia and the Pacific

members — (24) Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burma, Cambodia, Fiji, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, South Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Maldives, Nepal, NZ, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, US

Commission for Social Development

note — formerly Social Commission

address — c/o ECOSOC/DPCSD, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA

telephone — [1] (212) 963 2320

FAX — [1] (212) 963 5935

established — 21 June 1946 as the Social Commission, renamed 29 July 1966

aim — to deal, as part of the Economic and Social Council, with social development programs of UN

members — (32) selected on a rotating basis from all regions

Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice

established — 6 February 1992

aim — to provide guidance, as part of the Economic and Social Council, on crime prevention and criminal justice

members — (40) selected on a rotating basis from all regions

Commission on Human Rights

address — c/o United Nationas Office, Centre for Human Rights, Palais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland

telephone — [41] (22) 917 12 34, 907 12 34

FAX — [41] (22) 733 32 46

established — 18 February 1946

aim — to assist, as part of the Economic and Social Council, with human rights programs of UN

members — (53) selected on a rotating basis from all regions

Commission on Human Settlements (Habitat)

address — c/o HABITAT, P.O. Box 30030, Nairobi, Kenya

telephone — [254] (2) 621234

FAX — [254] (2) 226473, 226479

established — 12 October 1978

aim — to assist, as part of the Economic and Social Council, in solving human settlement problems of UN

members — (58) selected on a rotating basis from all regions

Commission on Narcotic Drugs

address — c/o International Drug Control Programme, Treaty Implementation and Legal Affairs Division, P.O. Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria

telephone — [43] (1) 211 310

FAX — [43] (1) 230 7002

established — 16 February 1946

aim — Economic and Social Council organization dealing with illicit drugs programs of UN

members — (53) selected on a rotating basis from all regions with emphasis on producing and processing countries

Commission on Science and Technology for Development

established — 30 April 1992

aim — to promote international cooperation, as part of the Economic and Social Council, in the field of science and technology

members — (53) selected on a rotating basis from all regions

Commission on the Status of Women

address — c/o Economic and Social Council, Affairs Division, Department for Policy Coordination and Sustainable Development, Room S-2963, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA

established — 21 June 1946

aim — to deal, as part of the Economic and Social Council, with women's rights goals of UN

members — (45) selected on a rotating basis from all regions

Commission on Sustainable Development

established — 12 February 1993

aim — to monitor, as part of the Economic and Social Council, implementation of agreements reached at the UN Conference on Environment and Development

members — (53) selected on a rotating basis from all regions

Commonwealth (C)

address — c/o Commonwealth Secretariat, Marlborough House, Pall Mall, London SW1Y5HX, UK

telephone — [44] (71) 839 3411

FAX — [44] (71) 930 0827

established — 31 December 1931

aim — to foster multinational cooperation and assistance, as a voluntary association that evolved from the British Empire

members — (49) Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Botswana, Brunei, Canada, Cyprus, Dominica, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guyana, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritius, Namibia, NZ, Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, UK, Vanuatu, Western Samoa, Zambia, Zimbabwe

special members — (2) Nauru, Tuvalu

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)

address — Kirov Street 17, 220000 Minsk, Belarus

telephone — [7] (172) 293434, 293517

FAX — [7] (172) 261894, 261944

established — 8 December 1991

effective — 21 December 1991

aim — to coordinate intercommonwealth relations and to provide a mechanism for the orderly dissolution of the USSR

members — (12) Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan

Communaute Economique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (CEAO)

see — West African Economic Community (CEAO)

Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale (CEEAC)

see — Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)

Communaute Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs (CEPGL)

see — Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)

Communist countries

traditionally the Marxist-Leninist states with authoritarian governments and command economies based on the Soviet model; most of the original and the successor states are no longer Communist; see centrally planned economies

Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE)

see — Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)

Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire (CERN)

see — European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)

Contadora Group (CG)

was established 5 January 1983 (on the Panamanian island of Contadora) to reduce tensions and conflicts in Central America; has evolved into the Rio Group (RG); members included Colombia, Mexico, Panama, Venezuela

Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf

see — Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)

Coordinating Committee on Export Controls (COCOM)

established in 1949 to control the export of strategic products and technical data from member countries to proscribed destinations; members were Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, UK, US; was abolished 31 March 1994; COCOM members are working on a new organization with expanded membership which focuses on nonproliferation export controls as opposed to East-West control of advanced technology

Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA)

note — also known as CMEA or Comecon established 25 January 1949 to promote the development of socialist economies and was abolished 1 January 1991; members included Afghanistan (observer), Albania (had not participated since 1961 break with USSR), Angola (observer), Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Ethiopia (observer), GDR, Hungary, Laos (observer), Mongolia, Mozambique (observer), Nicaragua (observer), Poland, Romania, USSR, Vietnam, Yemen (observer), Yugoslavia (associate)

Council of Arab Economic Unity (CAEU)

address — BP 925100, Amman, Jordan

telephone — [962] (6) 66 43 26, 66 43 27, 66 43 28

FAX — [962] (6) 66 33 43

established — 3 June 1957

effective — 30 May 1964

aim — to promote economic integration among Arab nations

members — (11 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Mauritania, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, UAE, Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization

Council of Europe (CE)

address — Palais de lEurope, F-67075 Strasbourg CEDEX, France

telephone — [33] 88 41 20 00

FAX — [33] 88 41 27 81, 88 41 27 82

established — 5 May 1949

effective — 3 August 1949

aim — to promote increased unity and quality of life in Europe

members — (32) Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK

guests — (9) Albania, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Latvia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Russia, Ukraine

observer — (1) Israel

Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS)

established — 5 March 1992

aim — to promote cooperation among the Baltic Sea states in the areas of aid to new democratic institutions, economic development, humanitarian aid, energy and the environment, cultural programs and education, and transportation and communication

members — (10) Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden

Council of the Entente (Entente)

address — BP 3734, Abidjan 01, Cote dIvoire

telephone — [225] 33 10 01, 33 28 35

FAX — [225] 33 11 49

established — 29 May 1959

aim — to promote economic, social, and political coordination

members — (5) Benin, Burkina, Cote d'Ivoire, Niger, Togo

Customs Cooperation Council (CCC)

address — Rue de lIndustrie 26-38, B-1040 Brussels, Belgium

telephone — [32] (2) 508 42 11

FAX — [32] (2) 508 42 40

established — 15 December 1950

aim — to promote international cooperation in customs matters

members — (136) Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bermuda, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macau, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yemen, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe

developed countries (DCs)

the top group in the hierarchy of developed countries (DCs), former USSR/Eastern Europe (former USSR/EE), and less developed countries (LDCs); includes the market-oriented economies of the mainly democratic nations in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Bermuda, Israel, South Africa, and the European ministates; also known as the First World, high-income countries, the North, industrial countries; generally have a per capita GDP in excess of $10,000 although four OECD countries and South Africa have figures well under $10,000 and two of the excluded OPEC countries have figures of more than $10,000; the 35 DCs are: Andorra, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bermuda, Canada, Denmark, Faroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Holy See, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Monaco, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Portugal, San Marino, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US

developing countries

an imprecise term for the less developed countries with growing economies;

see — less developed countries (LDCs)

East African Development Bank (EADB)

address — 4 Nile Avenue, P.O. Box 7128, Kampala, Uganda

telephone — [256] (41) 230021, 230825

FAX — [256] (41) 259763

established — 6 June 1967

effective — 1 December 1967

aim — to promote economic development

members — (3) Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda

Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)

address — United Nations Building, Rajadamnern Avenue, Bangkok 10200, Thailand

telephone — [66] (2) 2829161 through 2829200, 2829381 through 2829389

FAX — [66] (2) 2811743

established — 28 March 1947 as Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East (ECAFE)

aim — to carryout the commitment of the Economic and Social Council of the UN to promote economic development

members — (49) Afghanistan, Armenia, Australia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, China, Fiji, France, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, Thailand, Tonga, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, UK, US, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Western Samoa

associate members — (10) American Samoa, Cook Islands, French Polynesia, Guam, Hong Kong, Macau, New Caledonia, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau

Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)

address — (temporary) P.O. Box 927115, Amman, Jordan

telephone — [962] (6) 694351

FAX — [962] (6) 694981, 694982

established — 9 August 1973 as Economic Commission for Western Asia (ECWA)

aim — to promote economic development as a regional commission for the UN's Economic and Social Council

members — (12 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, UAE, Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization

Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)

address — United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA

telephone — [1] (212) 963 1234

FAX — [1] (212) 758 2718

established — 26 June 1945

effective — 24 October 1945

aim — to coordinate the economic and social work of the UN; includes five regional commissions (see Economic Commission for Africa, Economic Commission for Europe, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia) and 10 functional commissions (see Commission for Social Development, Commission on Human Rights, Commission on Narcotic Drugs, Commission on the Status of Women, Population Commission, Statistical Commission, Commission on Science and Technology for Development, Commission on Sustainable Development, Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice, and Commission on Transnational Corporations)

members — (54) selected on a rotating basis from all regions

Economic Commission for Africa (ECA)

address — P.O. Box 3001-3005, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

telephone — [251] (1) 51 72 00

FAX — [251] (1) 51 44 16

established — 29 April 1958

aim — to promote economic development as a regional commission of the UN's Economic and Social Council

members — (53) Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe

associate members — (2) France, UK

Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East (ECAFE)

see — Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)

Economic Commission for Europe (ECE)

address — Palais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland

telephone — [41] (22) 917 1234, 907 2893

FAX — [41] (22) 917 0036

established — 28 March 1947

aim — to promote economic development as a regional commission of the UN's Economic and Social Council

members — (54) Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, US, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia

Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA)

see — Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)

Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)

address — Edificio Naciones Unidas, Avenida Dag Hammarskjold, Casilla 179 D, Santiago, Chile

telephone — [56] (2) 2102000 FAX [56] (2) 2080252, 2081946

established — 25 February 1948 as Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA)

aim — to promote economic development as a regional commission of the UN's Economic and Social Council

members — (41) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, France, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Italy, Jamaica, Mexico, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Spain, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela

associate members — (6) Aruba, British Virgin Islands, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands

Economic Commission for Western Asia (ECWA)

see — Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)

Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)

note — acronym from Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale

address — CEEAC, BP 2112, Libreville, Gabon

telephone — [241] 73 35 47, 73 35 48, 73 36 77

established — 18 October 1983

aim — to promote regional economic cooperation and establish a Central African Common Market

members — (10) Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Zaire

observer — (1) Angola

Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)

note — acronym from Communaute Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs

address — B.O. Box 58, Gisenyi, Rwanda

telephone — [250] 40228

FAX — [250] 40785

established — 26 September 1976

aim — to promote regional economic cooperation and integration

members — (3) Burundi, Rwanda, Zaire

Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)

address — 6 King George V Road, PMB 12745, Lagos, Nigeria

telephone — [234] (1) 636839, 636841, 636064, 630398

FAX — [234] (1) 636822

established — 28 May 1975

aim — to promote regional economic cooperation

members — (16) Benin, Burkina, Cape Verde, Cote d'Ivoire, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo

Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)

address — 5 Hejab Avenue, Bd Keshavarz, P.O. Box 14155-6176, Teheran, Iran Islamic Republic

telephone — [98] (21) 658614, 656152, 658045

FAX — [98] (21) 658046

established — NA 1985

aim — to promote regional cooperation in trade, transportation, communications, tourism, cultural affairs, and economic development

members — (10) Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan

associate member — (1) "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus"

European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)

address — One Exchange Square, London EC2A 2EH, UK

telephone — [44] (71) 338 6000

FAX — [44] (71) 338 6100

established — 15 April 1991

aim — to facilitate the transition of seven centrally planned economies in Europe (Bulgaria, former Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, former USSR, and former Yugoslavia) to market economies by committing 60% of its loans to privatization

members — (59) Albania, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, European Union (EU), European Investment Bank (EIB), Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malta, Mexico, Moldova, Morocco, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, US, Uzbekistan; note - includes all 25 members of the OECD; also includes the EU as a single entity

European Community (or European Communities, EC)

was established 8 April 1965 to integrate the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom), the European Coal and Steel Community (ESC), the European Economic Community (EEC or Common Market), and to establish a completely integrated common market and an eventual federation of Europe; merged into the European Union (EU) on 7 February 1992; member states at the time of merger were Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, UK

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)

address — 9-11 rue de Varembe, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland

telephone — [41] (22) 749 11 11

FAX — [41] (22) 733 92 91

established — 4 January 1960

effective — 3 May 1960

aim — to promote expansion of free trade

members — (7) Austria, Finland, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland

European Investment Bank (EIB)

address — Bd Konrad Adenauer 100, L-2950 Luxembourg, Luxembourg

telephone — [352] 43791

FAX — [352] 437704

established — 25 March 1957

effective — 1 January 1958

aim — to promote economic development of the EU

members — (12) Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, UK

European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)

note — acronym retained from the predecessor organization Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire

address — CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland

telephone — [41] (22) 767 61 11

FAX — [41] (22) 767 65 55

established — 1 July 1953

effective — 29 September 1954

aim — to foster nuclear research for peaceful purposes only

members — (19) Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK

observers — (6) EC, Israel, Russia, Turkey, United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Yugoslavia

European Space Agency (ESA)

address — 8-10 rue Mario Nikis, F-75738 Paris CEDEX 15, France

telephone — [33] (1) 42 73 76 54

FAX — [33] (1) 42 73 75 60

established — 31 July 1973

effective — 1 May 1975

aim — to promote peaceful cooperation in space research and technology

members — (13) Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK

associate member — (1) Finland

cooperating state — (1) Canada

European Union (EU)

note — evolved from the European Community (EC)

address — c/o European Commission, Rue de la Loi 200, B-1049 Brussels, Belgium

telephone — [32] (2) 299 11 11 FAX [32] (2) 295 01 38 through 295 01 40

established — 7 February 1992

effective — 1 November 1993

aim — to coordinate policy among the 15 members in three fields: economics, building on the European Economic Community's (EEC) efforts to establish a common market and eventually a common currency; defense, within the concept of a Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP); and justice and home affairs, including immigration, drugs, terrorism, and improved living and working conditions

members — (15) Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, UK

First World

another term for countries with advanced, industrialized economies; this term is fading from use; see developed countries (DCs)

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

address — Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, I-00100 Rome, Italy

telephone — [39] (6) 52251 FAX [39] (6) 5225 3152, 5225 5155, 578 2610

established — 16 October 1945

aim — to raise living standards and increase availability of agricultural products, as a UN specialized agency

members — (170) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, EU, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe

associate member — (1) Puerto Rico

Former USSR

/Eastern Europe (former USSR/EE) the middle group in the hierarchy of developed countries (DCs), former USSR/Eastern Europe (former USSR/EE), and less developed countries (LDCs); these countries are in political and economic transition and may well be grouped differently in the near future; this group of 27 countries consists of Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovakia, Slovenia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan

Four Dragons

the four small Asian less developed countries (LDCs) that have experienced unusually rapid economic growth; also known as the Four Tigers; this group includes Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan

Four Tigers

another term for the Four Dragons; see Four Dragons

Franc Zone (FZ)

address — Direction Generale des Service Etrangers (Service de la Zone Franc), Banque de France, 39 rue Crois-des-Petits-Champs, BP 140-01, Paris Cedex 01, France

telephone — [33] (1) 42 92 31 26

FAX — [33] (1) 42 92 39 88

established — 20 December 1945

aim — to form a monetary union among countries whose currencies are linked to the French franc

members — (15) Benin, Burkina, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, France, Gabon, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo; note - France includes metropolitan France, the four overseas departments of France (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Reunion), the two territorial collectivities of France (Mayotte, Saint Pierre and Miquelon), and the three overseas territories of France (French Polynesia, New Caledonia, Wallis and Futuna)

Front Line States (FLS)

established to achieve black majority rule in South Africa; members included Angola, Botswana, Mozambique, Namibia, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)

note — was subsumed by the World Trade Organization (WTrO) on 1 January 1995

address — rue de Lausanne 154, CH-1211 Geneva 21, Switzerland

telephone — [41] (22) 739 51 11

FAX — [41] (22) 731 42 06

established — 30 October 1947

effective — 1 January 1948

aim — to promote the expansion of international trade on a nondiscriminatory basis

members — (123) Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Egypt, El Salvador, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Macau, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Group of 2 (G-2)

established — informal term that came into use about 1986

aim — to facilitate bilateral economic cooperation between the two most powerful economic giants

members — (2) Japan, US

Group of 3 (G-3)

established — NA October 1990

aim — mechanism for policy coordination

members — (3) Colombia, Mexico, Venezuela

Group of 5 (G-5)

established — 22 September 1985

aim — to coordinate the economic policies of the five major non-Communist economic powers

members — (5) France, Germany, Japan, UK, US

Group of 6 (G-6)

note — also known as Groupe des Six Sur le Desarmement not to be confused with the Big Six

established — 22 May 1984

aim — to achieve nuclear disarmament

members — (6) Argentina, Greece, India, Mexico, Sweden, Tanzania

Group of 7 (G-7)

note — membership is the same as the Big Seven

established — 22 September 1985

aim — to facilitate economic cooperation among the seven major non- Communist economic powers

members — (7) Group of 5 (France, Germany, Japan, UK, US) plus Canada and Italy

Group of 8 (G-8)

established — NA October 1975

aim — to facilitate economic cooperation among the developed countries (DCs) that participated in the Conference on International Economic Cooperation (CIEC), held in several sessions between NA December 1975 and 3 June 1977

members — (8) Australia, Canada, EU (as one member), Japan, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, US

Group of 9 (G-9)

established — NA

aim — to discuss matters of mutual interest on an informal basis

members — (9) Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, Hungary, Romania, Sweden, Yugoslavia

Group of 10 (G-10)

note — also known as the Paris Club; includes the wealthiest members of the IMF who provide most of the money to be loaned and act as the informal steering committee; name persists in spite of the addition of Switzerland on NA April 1984

address — c/o IMF Office in Europe, 64-66 ave dIena, F-75116 Paris, France

telephone — [33] (1) 40 69 30 80

FAX — [33] (1) 47 23 40 89

established — NA October 1962

aim — to coordinate credit policy

members — (11) Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US

nonstate participants — (4) BIS, EU, IMF, OECD

Group of 11 (G-11)

note — also known as the Cartagena Group

established — 22 June 1984, in Cartagena, Colombia

aim — to provide a forum for largest debtor nations in Latin America

members — (11) Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela

Group of 15 (G-15)

note — byproduct of the Non-Aligned Movement

address — Technical Support Facility, Ch du Champ dAncier 17, Case postale 326, CH-1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland

telephone — [41] (22) 798 42 10

FAX — [41] (22) 798 38 49

established — September 1989

aim — to promote economic cooperation among developing nations; to act as the main political organ for the Non-Aligned Movement

members — (15) Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Jamaica, Malaysia, Mexico, Nigeria, Peru, Senegal, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zimbabwe

Group of 19 (G-19)

established — NA October 1975

aim — to represent the interests of the less developed countries (LDCs) that participated in the Conference on International Economic Cooperation (CIEC) held in several sessions between NA December 1975 and 3 June 1977

members — (19) Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Cameroon, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia

Group of 24 (G-24)

address — c/o European Commission, DGI, G-24 Coordination Unit, Rue de la Science 29, B-1049 Brussels, Belgium

telephone — [32] (2) 299 22 44

FAX — [32] (2) 299 06 02

established — NA January 1972

aim — to promote the interests of developing countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America within the IMF

members — (24) Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guatemala, India, Iran, Lebanon, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Syria, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zaire

Group of 30 (G-30)

address — 1990 M Street NW, Suite 450, Washington, DC 20036, USA

telephone — [1] (202) 331 2472

established — NA 1979

aim — to discuss and propose solutions to the world's economic problems

members — (30) informal group of 30 leading international bankers, economists, financial experts, and businessmen organized by Johannes Witteveen (former managing director of the IMF)

Group of 33 (G-33)

established — NA 1987

aim — to promote solutions to international economic problems

members — (33) leading economists from 13 countries

Group of 77 (G-77)

established — NA October 1967

aim — to promote economic cooperation among developing countries; name persists in spite of increased membership

members — (127 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda, UAE, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Palestine Liberation Organization

Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)

note — also known as the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf

address — P.O. Box 7431, Riyadh 11462 Saudi Arabia

telephone — [966] (1) 4827777

FAX — [966] (1) 4829089

established — 25 May 1981

aim — to promote regional cooperation in economic, social, political, and military affairs

members — (6) Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE

Habitat

see — Commission on Human Settlements

Hexagonal Group

see — Central European Initiative (CEI)

high-income countries

another term for the industrialized countries with high per capita GDPs;

see — developed countries (DCs)

industrial countries

another term for the developed countries; see developed countries (DCs)

Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)

note — also known as Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID)

address — 1300 New York Avenue NW, Washington, DC 10577, USA

telephone — [1] (202) 632 1000

FAX — [1] (202) 789 2835

established — 8 April 1959

effective — 30 December 1959

aim — to promote economic and social development in Latin America

members — (46) Argentina, Austria, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Finland, France, Germany, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Trinidad and Tobago, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela

Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development (IGADD)

address — BP 2653, Djibouti, Djibouti

telephone — [253] 354050, 352880

FAX — [253] 356994

established — 15-16 January 1986

aim — to promote cooperation on drought-related matters

members — (7) Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, Uganda

International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

address — Wagramerstrasse 5, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria

telephone — [43] (1) 2360 2045 FAX [43] (1) 234564

established — 26 October 1956

effective — 29 July 1957

aim — to promote peaceful uses of atomic energy

members — (121) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burma, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Holy See, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Namibia, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe

International Bank for Economic Cooperation (IBEC)

was established on 22 October 1963 to promote economic cooperation and development; members were Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, USSR, Vietnam; now it is a Russian bank with a new charter

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)

note — also known as the World Bank

address — 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA

telephone — [1] (202) 477 1234

FAX — [1] (202) 477 6391

established — 22 July 1944

effective — 27 December 1945

aim — to provide economic development loans; a UN specialized agency

members — (178) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe

International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)

address — 38 Cours Albert 1st, F-75008 Paris, France

telephone — [33] (1) 49 53 28 75

FAX — [33] (1) 49 53 29 42

established — NA 1919

aim — to promote free trade and private enterprise and to represent business interests at national and international levels

members — (59 national councils) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Burkina, Cameroon, Canada, Colombia, Cote d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Greece, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, South Korea, Kuwait, Lebanon, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mexico, Morocco, Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zaire

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)

address — 1000 Sherbrooke Street West, Suite 327, Montreal PQ H3A 2R2, Canada

telephone — [1] (514) 285 8219

FAX — [1] (514) 288 4772

established — 7 December 1944

effective — 4 April 1947

aim — to promote international cooperation in civil aviation; a UN specialized agency

members — (183) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe

International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)

address — ICRC, 19 av de la Paix, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland

telephone — [41] (22) 734 60 01

FAX — [41] (22) 733 82 80

established — NA 1863

aim — to provide humanitarian aid in wartime

members — (25 individuals) all Swiss nationals

International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU)

address — International Trade Union House, Bd Emile Jacqmain 155, B-1210 Brussels, Belgium

telephone — [32] (2) 224 02 11

FAX — [32] (2) 218 84 15, 219 75 03

established — NA December 1949

aim — to promote the trade union movement

members — (164 national organizations in the following 118 areas) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Basque Country, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bermuda, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Curacao, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Estonia, Falkland Islands, Fiji, Finland, France, French Polynesia, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Holy See, Honduras, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Montserrat, Morocco, Netherlands, New Caledonia, NZ, Nicaragua, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UK, US, Venezuela, Western Samoa, Zambia, Zimbabwe

International Court of Justice (ICJ)

note — also known as the World Court

address — Peace Palace, NL-2517 KJ The Hague, Netherlands

telephone — [31] (70) 302 23 23

FAX — [31] (70) 364 99 28

established — 26 June 1945

effective — 24 October 1945

aim — primary judicial organ of the UN

members — (15 judges) elected by the UN General Assembly and Security Council to represent all principal legal systems

International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL)

address — BP 6041, F-69411 Lyon CEDEX 06, France

telephone — [33] 71 44 70 00

FAX — [33] 72 44 71 63

established — 13 June 1956

aim — to promote international cooperation among police authorities in fighting crime

members — (176) Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Aruba, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe

subbureaus — (13) American Samoa, Anguilla, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Gibraltar, Guam, Hong Kong, Macau, Montserrat, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, Turks and Caicos Islands

International Development Association (IDA)

address — 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA

telephone — [1] (202) 477 12 34

established — 26 January 1960

effective — 24 September 1960

aim — UN specialized agency and IBRD affiliate that provides economic loans for low income countries

members — (157)

Part I — (24 more economically advanced countries) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Russia, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, UAE, UK, US

Part II — (133 less developed nations) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Bangladesh, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe

International Energy Agency (IEA)

address — 2 rue Andre Pascal, F-75775 Paris CEDEX 16, France

telephone — [33] (1) 45 24 82 00

FAX — [33] (1) 45 24 99 88

established — 15 November 1974

aim — to promote cooperation on energy matters, especially emergency oil sharing and relations between oil consumers and oil producers; established by the OECD

members — (23) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)

note — formerly known as League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (LORCS)

established — 5 May 1919

aim — to provide humanitarian aid in peacetime

members — (151) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe

associate members — (13) Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Comoros, Cyprus, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Kiribati, Namibia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Seychelles, Suriname, Tuvalu, Vanuatu

International Finance Corporation (IFC)

address — 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA

telephone — [1] (202) 477 1234

FAX — [1] (202) 477 6391

established — 25 May 1955

effective — 20 July 1956

aim — to support private enterprise in international economic development; a UN specialized agency and IBRD affiliate

members — (161) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe

International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)

address — Via del Serafico 107, I-00142 Rome, Italy

telephone — [39] (6) 54591

FAX — [39] (6) 5043463

established — NA November 1974

aim — to promote agricultural development; a UN specialized agency

members — (157)

Category I — (21 industrialized aid contributors) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US

Category II — (12 petroleum-exporting aid contributors) Algeria, Gabon, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Venezuela

Category III — (124 aid recipients) Afghanistan, Albania, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea- Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, India, Israel, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Portugal, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Uruguay, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe

International Investment Bank (IIB)

established on 7 July 1970; to promote economic development; members were Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, USSR, Vietnam; now it is a Russian bank with a new charter

International Labor Organization (ILO)

address — International Labor Office, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland

telephone — [41] (22) 799 61 11

FAX — [41] (22) 798 86 85

established — 11 April 1919 (affiliated with the UN 14 December 1946)

aim — UN specialized agency concerned with world labor issues

members — (171) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe

International Maritime Organization (IMO)

note — name changed from Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO) on 22 May 1982

address — 4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7SR, UK

telephone — [44] (71) 735 7611

FAX — [44] (71) 587 3210

established — 17 March 1958

aim — to deal with international maritime affairs; a UN specialized agency

members — (149) Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burma, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire

associate members — (2) Hong Kong, Macau

International Maritime Satellite Organization (INMARSAT)

address — 99 City Road, London EC1Y 1AX, UK

telephone — [44] (71) 728 1000

FAX — [44] (71) 728 1044

established — 3 September 1976

effective — 26 July 1979

aim — to provide worldwide communications for maritime shipping and other applications

members — (75) Algeria, Argentina, Australia, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Kuwait, Liberia, Malaysia, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mozambique, Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Singapore, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Yugoslavia