reconciliation, n. conciliation, pacification, appeasement, reunion.

recondite, a. See abstruse.

record, n. register, memoir, diary, chronicle, minute, memorandum, note, annals, document, muniment, cartulary; testimony, witness, attestation.

recorder, n. register, registrar; cartulary.

records, n. pl. annals, archives.

recover, v. regain, reclaim, retrieve, repair, recoup, recruit, rally, repossess, recuperate.

recoverable, a. retrievable.

recovery, n. retrieval, recuperation, regaining, restoration, convalescence.

recreancy, n. cowardliness, mean-spiritedness, pusillanimity, apostasy.

recreant, a. mean-spirited, pusillanimous, cowardly, craven, faithless, false, apostate.

recreation, n. pastime, amusement, relaxation, diversion, sport, fun, divertisement.

rectify, v. correct, amend.

rectitude, n. probity, integrity, uprightness, honesty, virtue.

rector, n. pastor, clergyman, priest.

rectorship, n. rectorate, pastorate.

rectory, n. parsonage.

red, n. carmine, crimson, scarlet, cerise, garnet, vermilion. Associated Words: rubefacient, rubefaction.

red, a. florid, blushing, flushed, ruby, ruddy, rubicund, blowzed, rubescent, auburn (reddish brown).

redeem, v. repurchase; regain, recover; ransom, rescue, deliver.

redeemer, n. ransomer, deliverer, savior.

redemption, n. repurchase; ransom, salvation, deliverance, rescue.

red-letter, a. fortunate, auspicious, happy.

redoubtable, a. formidable, terrible; valiant, courageous, brave.

redound, v. contribute, conduce, react.

red pepper. cayenne pepper.

redress, n. reparation, amends, indemnification, relief.

reduce, v. diminish, lower, degrade, minimize, depress, debase; humble, conquer, subdue, vanquish, subjugate, subject.

reduction, n. diminution, abatement, minimization, decrement, debasement; subjugation, subjection, conquest, subdual, overthrow.

redundance, n. superabundance, superfluity, excess, plethora.

redundant, a. superabundant, superfluous, excessive, plethoric.

reecho, n. reverberation.—v. reverberate, resound, peal.

reek, n. fume, vapor, exhalation, effluvium, steam.

reeking, a. fumy, vaporous, steaming, smoky.

reel, v. stagger.

refer, v. allude.

referable, a. attributable, ascribable, traceable, assignable.

referee, n. umpire, judge, arbitrator, arbiter.

refine, v. purify, defecate, clarify, sublimate, subtilize, sublime, devulgarize, decrassify.

refined, a. exquisite, polished, fine, well-bred, courtly, cultured; purified, sublimated, subtle, subtilized.

refinement, n. culture, elegance, polish, fastidiousness; purification, sublimation, subtility, clarification, tenuity. Antonyms: vulgarity, coarseness, crudity, barbarity, Philistinism.

reflect, v. mirror; rebound, revert; meditate, ruminate, consider, contemplate.

reflection, n. meditation, contemplation, rumination; stricture, animadversion.

reforestization, n. reforesting, reafforestation, reboising.

reforestize, v. reafforest, reboise.

reform, v. reclaim, regenerate, convert, amend.

reformable, a. corrigible. Antonym: irreformable.

reformation, n. reform, reclamation, betterment, improvement.

refraction, n. deflection.

refractory, a. See unruly.

refrain, v. restrain, curb, check; forbear, abstain, desist.

refresh, v. revive, enliven, reanimate; renovate, renew, restore.

refreshing, a. reviving, reanimating, cooling, reinvigorating, refective.

refreshment, n. collation, lunch, refection, regalement.

refuge, n. stronghold, asylum, retreat, covert; shelter, protection, security, guard; expedient, device, shift, resort.

refugee, n. fugitive, runaway.

refund, v. repay, return, restore.

refusal, n. dissent, denial, non-acceptance, negation; option, preemption.

refuse, v. deny, decline; reject, rebuff, repulse.

refuse, n. offal, dregs, offscum, garbage, fag-ends, recrement, riffraff, lees, dross, draff, offscouring, rubbish, waste, culls.

refutable, a. confutable. Antonym: irrefutable.

refutation, n. confutation, disproof.

refute, v. confute, disprove.

regain, v. recover, retrieve.

regal, a. kingly, royal.

regale, v. feast, entertain, gratify.

regalia, n. pl. insignia.

regard, v. heed, observe, consider.

regard, n. respect, esteem, estimation, opinion; respect, reference, relation; heed, attention, observation, notice. Antonyms: disregard, heedlessness. See disregard.

regardful, a. mindful, heedful, attentive, observant.

regardless, a. heedless, careless, unmindful, inattentive, indifferent.

regards, n. pl. compliments, respects.

region, n. district, quarter, locality, neighborhood, vicinity.

register, n. list, roll, schedule, roster; registrar, recorder.

register, v. record, enroll, matriculate.

registration, n. registry, enrollment, matriculation.

regret, n. sorrow, compunction, deprecation, rue.

regret, v. deplore, be sorry for, rue, deprecate.

regular, a. formal, normal, conventional, systematic: steady, uniform, methodical, constant; (Colloq.) unmitigated, thorough, out-and-out.

regularity, n. uniformity, symmetry, shapeliness, constancy, order, system, method. Antonyms: irregularity, inconstancy, unshapeliness, disorder.

rehash, n. rechauffe.

reign, n. sovereignty, rule, dominion; regnancy, sway, power, influence; kingdom, realm.

reins, n. pl. loins.

reject, v. cast away, discard; refuse, decline, rebuff, repulse, contemn, repudiate.

rejection, n. refusal, declination, rebuff, repulse, discarding, repudiation.

rejoice, v. glory, exult; gladden, cheer, delight, please, exhilarate.

rejoicing, n. joy, gladness, exultation, delight, pleasure.

relate, v. recount, narrate, tell.

related, a. allied, cognate, german, agnate, akin, kindred; consanguineous; cognate; agnate; correlated, correlative.

relation, n. connection, bearing, relationship, reference, correlation, alliance, correspondence, relevancy; affinity, consanguinity, kindred, kinship, cognation, filiation; telling, account, recital, narration, narrative, detail, report. Antonyms: irrelation, alienage.

relationship, n. kindred, affinity, alliance, kinship, cognation.

relationship by blood. consanguinity; cognation; agnation.

relationship by marriage. affinity.

relative, a. relating, referring, respecting, pertaining; particular, definite, specific, pertinent.

relative, n. relation, kinsman, kinswoman, connection; cognate, agnate. Associated Words: nepotism, nepotic, nepotist.

relax, v. loosen, slacken; abate, diminish, mitigate, temper.

relaxation, n. loosening, slackening; diversion, recreation, rest.

relay, n. reinforcement.

release, v. liberate, loose, discharge, free, acquit, extricate, disengage, relinquish, absolve, remit, relieve, exonerate, disencumber.

release, n. liberation, discharge, deliverance, acquittance, extrication, exoneration, disengagement, freedom.

relentless, a. ruthless, implacable, unrelenting, inexorable, unmerciful.

relevancy, n. pertinency, applicability, relevance.

relevant, a. pertinent, germane, apposite.

reliability, n. trustworthiness.

reliable, a. trustworthy, trusty, dependable.

reliance, n. dependence, confidence, trust.

reliant, a. confident, trusting.

relics, n. pl. leavings, remains, reliquiae, remnants; memorial, souvenir, memento, trophy, keepsake. Associated Words: reliquary, confession, hierotheca.

relict, n. widow.

relief, n. alleviation, mitigation, comfort, ease, succor, palliation, assuagement, help; redress, remedy; relay, reinforcement; prominence, projection.

relieve, v. assuage, alleviate, allay, lessen, remedy, ease, mitigate, palliate, succor, extricate, disentangle, disburden, redress, disengage.

relieving, a. mitigative, assuasive, palliative, remedial, emollient, lenitive, comforting.

religious, a. pious, godly, devout, righteous, devotional; strict, exact, scrupulous, conscientious.

relinquish, v. surrender, waive, forego, renounce, cede, abandon, desert.

relinquishment, n. surrender, abandonment, renunciation.

relishable, a. palatable, gustable.

reluctance, n. unwillingness, disinclination, aversion.

reluctant, a. disinclined, unwilling, averse, loath, indisposed.

remain, v. See stay.

remainder, n. residue, remnant, balance, rest, surplus, surplusage, residuum.

remaining, a. residual, remanent, remainder.

remains, n. pl. relics, debris, remnants; corpse.

remand, v. recommit, send back.—n. recommitment.

remark, v. notice, observe, heed, see, note; say, state, assert.

remark, n. comment, observation.

remarkable, a. noteworthy, striking, extraordinary, wonderful, notable.

remediless, a. irremediable, incurable, desperate, irreparable, insanable.

remedy, v. heal, cure, repair, relieve, redress, alleviate, assuage, palliate.

remedy, n. medicine, cure, antidote, corrective, specific, restorative, panacea, alterant, carminative, medicament, arcanum, prescription, nostrum, elixir, balm; reparation, cure, redress, aid, relief.

remember, v. recollect, recall.

remembrance, n. recollection, memory, reminiscence; souvenir, keepsake, memento, memorial, trophy, reminder. Antonyms: forgetfulness, amnesia, amnesty, oblivion.

remembrancer, n. memento, souvenir, keepsake, trophy, memorial.

reminder, n. remembrancer.

remiss, a. negligent, derelict, careless, slack, heedless, neglectful.

remission, n. surrender, relinquishment; discharge, acquittance; abatement, assuagement, mitigation, subsidence; absolution, exculpation, forgiveness.

remmnant, n. remainder, residue, rest; fragment, piece.

remonstrance, n. expostulation, protest, protestation.

remonstrant, a. expostulatory, remonstrative.

remonstrate, v. expostulate, protest.

remonstrative, a. expostulatory, remonstrant.

remorse, n. self-reproach, sorrow, regret, penitence; pity, compassion, sympathy.

remorseless, a. implacable, ruthless, merciless, unmerciful.

remote, a. distant.

remoteness, n. distance.

removal, n. displacement, dislodgement, transference, expulsion, elimination, dismissal, discharge, ejection, dispossession, divestiture, extraction.

remove, v. move, displace, transfer, dislodge; dismiss, discharge, divest, dispossess, eject; extract, isolate, abstract, withdraw.

remuneration, n. See pay.

remunerative, a. profitable, lucrative.

rend, v. tear, rive, lacerate, cleave, sunder.

render, v. repay, restore; translate, interpret, construe; extract, try out; yield up, contribute.

rendering, n. repayment, restoration; contribution, surrender; translation, version; extraction.

rending, n. tearing asunder, laceration, riving.

renegade, n. deserter, recreant, backslider, turncoat; rebel, traitor; vagabond, outcast.

renew, v. renovate, rejuvenate, restore, rebuild, remodel, reconstruct, revamp, redintegrate, repair; regenerate, transform.

renewal, n. renovation, repair, restoration, redintegration, reconstruction, rejuvenation, regeneration.

renounce, v. disclaim, disown, repudiate, reject; forswear, abjure, forsake.

renouncement, n. renunciation, abnegation, repudiation, abdication, rejection.

renovation, n. restoration, renewal, rehabilitation, reconstruction.

renown, n. celebrity, repute, fame, notoriety, note.

renowned, a. famous, celebrated, eminent, far-famed, illustrious. Antonyms: unrenowned, obscure, inglorious, unknown.

rent, v. lease, let, hire.

renter, n. lessee, tenant.

renunciation, n. abjuration, denial, disownment, disclaimer, abnegation.

repair, v. mend, restore, patch, tinker, revamp, darn, cobble, remodel; indemnify, redress, atone for, retrieve, regain.

repair, n. renovation, restoration, reconstruction, reparation, rehabilitation.

reparable, a. restorable, retrievable. Antonyms: irreparable, irretrievable.

reparation, n. restoration, rehabilitation, instauration, renovation; atonement, restitution.

repartee, n. bon mot.

repay, v. refund, restore, reimburse; recompense, requite; revenge, avenge, retaliate.

repayment, n. restoration, reimbursement; recompense, requital; retaliation, revenge.

repeal, v. revoke, rescind, abrogate.

repeal, n. revocation, rescission, abrogation.

repeat, v. iterate, reiterate, verbigerate.

repeating, n. repetition, iteration, reiteration; verbigeration.

repel, v. repulse, rebuff, resist, oppose.

repellence, n. repulsion, rebuff, opposition.

repellent, a. repulsive, repelling.

repentance, n. penitence, contrition, compunction, remorse. Antonym: impenitence.

repentant, a. contrite, penitent. Antonyms: unrepentant, impenitent.

repetition, n. iteration, reiteration, recurrence; verbigeration; tautology; echo, rote; recapitulation; reverberation.

repine, v. complain, murmur.

replace, v. restore, refund, repay.

replacement, n. restoration, reinstatement.

repletion, n. excess, superabundance, surfeit; plethora.

reply, v. answer, respond, rejoin, retort.

reply, n. answer, response, rejoinder; retort, repartee.

report, n. rumor, on dit, hearsay, bruit; account, statement, communication; fame, repute, reputation; sound, noise, repercussion, detonation, discharge, explosion; cahier; description, narrative, narration, recital.

report, v. announce, communicate, describe; bruit, circulate, promulgate, publish. Antonyms: suppress, withhold, reserve.

repose, n. rest, inactivity, motionlessness; composure, tranquillity.

repository, n. depository, storehouse, depot, magazine.

represent, v. show, typify, symbolize; personate, impersonate; portray, delineate, depict.

representative, a. delegated, vicarious; typical, figurative, symbolical, emblematic.

representative, n. deputy, delegate, vicar, proxy, agent, substitute, vicegerent, surrogate, regent, commissioner, envoy, emissary, ambassador, exponent.

repress, v. quell, subdue, suppress, overpower, restrain, curb, stifle.

repression, n. suppression, restraint, quelling, check.

reproach, v. censure, upbraid, rebuke, reprimand, revile, chide, vilify.

reproach, n. censure, scurrility, contumely, invective, odium, obloquy, shame, disgrace.

reproachful, a. upbraiding, opprobrious, abusive; shameful, disgraceful, scandalous.

reprobate, a. abandoned, depraved, profligate, incorrigible.—n.castaway, outcast, wretch.

reprobate, v. condemn, denounce, reject, abandon.

reprobation, n. condemnation, denunciation, censure abandonment.

reproduce, v. portray, duplicate, imitate; generate, beget, propagate.

reproduction, n. duplication, copy, imitation; generation, procreation, propagation.

reproof, n. See censure.

reprovable, a. culpable, censurable, reprehensible, blamable, reproachable.

reprove, v. See censure.

repudiate, v. reject, renounce, disavow, abjure, disclaim.

repudiation, n. disavowal, rejection, abjuration, disclaimer, disowning.

repugnance, n. aversion, reluctance, unwillingness, hostility, antipathy.

repugnant, a. hostile, contrary, refractory, adverse, offensive, antagonistic, opposed.

repulse, v. repel, reject.

repulse, n. repulsion, repelling, rejection, refusal, rebuff.

repulsive, a. repellent, offensive, forbidding, revolting.

reputation, n. repute, name, credit, esteem, honor.

repute, n. reputation, esteem, credit.

reputed, a. putative.

request, n. asking, solicitation, demand, instance, prayer, petition, entreaty, suit, quest.

request, v. ask, supplicate, petition, beg, entreat, importune, beseech.

require, v. demand, claim, exact, need, want, necessitate, enjoin.

requirement, n. demand, requisition, requisite; command, essential, need.

requisite, a. necessary, required, essential, indispensable.

requital, n. recompense, remuneration, retribution, recaliation, reprisal.

requite, v. compensate, remunerate, repay, pay, retaliate, avenge, reciprocate.

rescue, n. deliverance, liberation, salvation, ransom, extrication, disentanglement.

rescue, v. release, deliver, liberate, recapture, redeem, save, extricate, disenthrall.

resemblance, n. likeness, similitude, similarity, analogy, parity, semblance.

resentment, n. dudgeon, umbrage, displeasure, grudge.

reserve, n. reticence, constraint, uncommunicativeness, taciturnity, restraint.

reserved, a. retained, withheld, excepted; uncommunicative, reticent, taciturn, restrained.

residence, n. dwelling, domiciliation, abode, habitancy, habitation, domicile, home.

resident, n. denizen, inhabitant, dweller, residentiary.

residue, n. remainder, remnant, residuum, rest, balance; surplus, excess.

resign, v. demit, abdicate, withdraw, surrender, relinquish, submit.

resignation, n. surrender, abdication, demit; forbearance, fortitude, long-suffering, patience.

resigned, a. surrendered; uncomplaining, submissive, patient.

resist, v. oppose, withstand, impugn, oppugn, defy, baffle, contravene, rebuff.

resistance, n. opposition, renitence, recalcitration, oppugnation, antagonism, rebuff.

resistant, a. resisting, opposing, renitent.

resistless, a. irresistible.

resolute, a. determined, unwavering, unflinching, steadfast, firm, pertinacious.

resolution, n. firmness, determination, pertinacity, persistence, steadfastness, constancy; resolve, purpose, determination; decomposition, solution, dissolution.

resolvable, a. solvable, resoluble, dissolvable.

resolve, v. determine; dissolve, liquefy.

resolve, n. resolution, determination, intention, purpose, design.

resonance, n. reverberation.

resonant, a. resounding, reverberating.

resound, v. reverberate, reecho, peal.

resound, n. echo, reverberation.

resounder, n. resonator, reverberator.

resounding, a. resonant.

resource, n. resort, expedient, device, shift.

resources, n. pl. assets, means.

respect, n. care, caution, regard; esteem, veneration, deference, reverence, homage, obeisance; reference, regard; particular, feature. Antonyms: See disrespect.

respect, v. esteem, venerate, revere, honor, reverence.

respectable, a. reputable, honorable, estimable; moderate, fair, average.

respectful, a. deferential, courteous, polite, obeisant, reverent. Antonyms: disrespectful, discourteous, defiant, irreverent.

respective, a. relative; particular, own.

respect of persons. partiality, favoritism.

respects, n. pl. compliments, regards, devoirs.

response, n. reply, answer, rejoinder, retort, repartee, antiphon, antiphone, antiphony.

responsibility, n. accountability, liability; duty, trust.

responsible, a. accountable, answerable, amenable. Antonyms: irresponsible, unaccountable, independent.

responsive, a. responding, antiphonal.

responsory, n. antiphone, antiphony, antiphonary.

rest, n. quiet, quietness, inactivity, repose, ease, tranquillity, quiescence, stillness, stagnation, security, cessation, abeyance, intermission, respite, reprieve, pause, recess, sabbatism; caesura, pause; support, stay, brace; residue, remainder, balance, residuum, others; surplus. Antonyms: activity, agitation, unrest, commotion.

rest, v. stop, halt, pause, desist; repose, recline, lie; trust, rely, depend, acquiesce.

restaurant, n. cafe, eating-house, chophouse, refectory, buffet.

restaurant keeper. restaurateur.

rest house. caravansary (in Eastern countries).

resting, a. reclining, lying, incumbent.

resting on something else. superincumbent.—n. superincumbence.

restitution, n. repayment, restoration, return, indemnification; reparation, requital, compensation.

restive, a. restless, impatient, fidgety, intractable, uneasy, fractious, rebellious.

restless, a. restive, fidgety, agitated, unquiet, uneasy, kicksy-wicksy.

restlessness, n. restiveness, the fidgets, uneasiness, agitation, turbulence, dysphoria.

restoration, n. return, restitution, replacement, reinstatement, reparation; repatriation; renewal, renovation, redintegration, reconstruction, rehabilitation, instauration; recuperation, recovery.

restore, v. repair, renew, reconstruct, rehabilitate, redintegrate, remodel; replace, refund, return; repatriate; resuscitate, reestablish, revive.

restrain, v. repress, suppress, check, bridle, curb, constrain; abridge, circumscribe, limit, restrict, narrow; withhold, forbear; debar, prevent, interdict, prohibit.

restraint, n. repression, constraint, check, suppression; limitation, prevention; confinement, duress.

restrict, v. restrain, limit, confine, repress, curb, circumscribe.

restriction, n. restraint, constraint, confinement, repression, circumscription, limitation.

result, v. terminate, end, eventuate, redound, issue, accrue, ensue.

result, n. consequence, effect, issue, event, outcome, eventuation, sequence; decision, resolve.

resume, n. recapitulation, summary, abstract.

resurrect, v. (Slang) disentomb, disinter, unbury, exhume.

resurrection, n. resurgence, revivification.

retain, v. keep, hold, reserve.

retainment, n. retention.

retaliate, v. avenge, requite, repay.

retaliation, n. revenge, requital, retribution.

retard, v. impede.

retarding, n. retardation.

retentive, a. tenacious. Antonyms: unretentive, irretentive.

reticence, n. reserve, uncommunicativeness, taciturnity.

reticent, a. taciturn, reserved, uncommunicative.

retinue, n. train, suite, followers.

retire, v. withdraw, retreat, recede, retrocede, leave, secede.

retired, a. secluded, sequestered, unfrequented, withdrawn.

retirement, n. withdrawal, seclusion, retreat.

retiring, a. diffident, shy, coy, shrinking, reserved, modest.

retract, v. recant, rescind, recall, disavow.

retraction, n. recantation, rescission, disavowal.

retreat, n. retirement, withdrawal; refuge, asylum, seclusion, privacy, fastness.

retreat, v. retire, withdraw, recede.

retrench, v. curtail, lessen, diminish, abridge; limit, confine.

retrenchment, n. diminution, curtailment, abridgment, lessening.

retribution, n. retaliation, repayment, requital.

retrograde, v. retrocede, recede, decline, deteriorate.

retrogression, n. retrogradation, decline, regression, deterioration.

return, v. restore, repay, refund, replace; recur, regress, reappear, revert; requite, retaliate, repay; repatriate.

return, n. restoration, restitution, repayment, requital, retribution, redress; recurrence, regress, reversion; repatriation, atavism; recrudescence; relapse.

returning, a. recurrent, recurring, intermittent.

reveal, v. disclose, unveil, expose, divulge, impart.

revel, n. carousal, festivity, saturnalia.

revel, v. carouse; luxuriate, wanton.

revelation, n. disclosure, divulgement, exposition, apocalypse.

reveler, n. carouser, bacchanal, roysterer, bacchant, bacchanalian.

revelry, n. reveling, carousal, wassail, saturnalia, riot, bacchanal.

revenge, v. avenge, retaliate, wreak vengeance.

revenge, n. vengeance, retaliation.

revengeful, a. vindictive, implacable, resentful, rancorous.

revenue, n. income.

reverberate, v. resound, reecho.

reverberation, n. resonance, reecho.

revere, v. venerate, reverence, honor, respect.

reverence, n. veneration.

reverence, v. revere, venerate.

reverent, a. reverential, humble.

reverse, v. invert; overthrow, subvert, overturn; revoke, annul, rescind, countermand.

reverse, n. opposite, contrary, counterpart; reversal; misfortune, failure.

reversion, n. succession; atavism; escheat.

review, v. reconsider, revise, reexamine, retrace.

review, n. reexamination, reconsideration, retrospect, revision.

revile, v. vilify, traduce, asperse, reproach, malign, calumniate.

revilement, n. vilification, traducement, aspersion, reproach, calumniation, contumely.

reviling, a. scurrilous, vituperative, contumelious, reproachful, abusive.

revisal, n. revision, emendation, recension.

revision, n. revisal, recension, emendation.

revivable, a. resuscitable.

revival, n. revivification, reanimation, resuscitation, restoration, renaissance, renascence.

revivalist, n. evangelist.

revive, v. resuscitate, reanimate, quicken, revivify, reinspirit, revitalize, restore, reinspire, rally.

revivification, n. resuscitation, reanimation, revival, quickening.

revocation, n. recall, repeal, reversal, abjuration, recantation.

revoke, v. repeal, reverse, recant, rescind, abrogate, countermand, retract, abjure.

revolt, n. rebellion, sedition, uprising, mutiny, insurrection, insubordination, insurgency.

revolt, v. rebel, mutiny; disgust, nauseate, shock, offend.

revolter, n. insurgent, rebel, mutineer, renegade.

revolting, a. nauseating, repulsive, fulsome, abhorrent, disgusting.

revolution, n. rotation, gyration; rebellion, revolt.

revolve, v. rotate, spin, gyrate, turn; devolve; brood over, ruminate, ponder, consider.

revolver, n. pistol, repeater.

revolving, a. rotary, gyrating, gyratory, rotatory.—n. revolution, rotation.

reward, n. recompense, requital, guerdon, meed, remuneration premium, bonus, bounty, douceur, merit; honorarium; retribution, retaliation, penalty.

reward, v. requite, recompense.

rhyme, n. jingle, poetry.

rhymer, n. poetaster, versifier, rhymester, rhymist.

rib, n. costa. Associated words: costal, intercostal, sternal, asternal.

ribald, a. indelicate, gross, indecent, obscene, lewd.

ribaldry, n. obscenity, indecency, lewdness.

ribbon badge of honor. cordon.

rice refuse. shude.

rich, a. wealthy, opulent, affluent, well-to-do, moneyed; abundant, copious, bountiful, plentiful; fecund, fertile, luxuriant, prolific, exuberant, teeming, productive; sumptuous, luxurious; delicious, luscious, hearty, nutritive gorgeous, elegant, beautiful; vivid, bright, intense. Antonyms: poor, infertile, indigent, plain.

rich, n. (newly rich) Nouveau riche.

riches, n. pl. See wealth.

rich man. nabob, Croeoeus, Dives, plutocrat, millionaire.

richness, n. opulence, wealth, affluence; abundance, profusion; luxuriance, sumptuousness, costliness, elegance, fertility, fecundity. Antonyms: poverty, infertility.

rickets, n. rachitis.

rickety, a. ramshackle, dilapidated, tottering, crazy.

rid, a. free, clear, disencumbered.

rid, v. free, disburden, relieve, disencumber, dispose, dispatch.

riddance, n. deliverance, relief, disencumbrance.

riddle, n. enigma, puzzle, problem, rebus, crux, conundrum, paradox.

rider, n. equestrian, horseman; equestrienne (female), jockey, postilion.

ridge, n. crest; whelk.

ridicule, n. mockery, gibe, jeer, burlesque, raillery, satire, sarcasm, irony.

ridicule, v. deride, satirize, scoff, rally, banter, burlesque, lampoon, mock, scout, jeer, taunt, twit.

ridiculous, a. preposterous, absurd, farcical, burlesque, ludicrous.

riding boots. top boots.

riding on horseback. equestrianism, equitation.

rife, a. abounding, prevalent, plentiful, replete.

rifle, v. strip, fleece, despoil, pillage, devastate.

rift, n. cleft, fissure, crack, gap, crevice, cranny, break, chink.

rig, v. equip; bedizen, accouter.

rigging, n. dress, tackle, equipment, gear.

right, a. just, true, equitable, honest, rightful, lawful, correct, true, accurate, reasonable, ethical, condign, appropriate, proper, suitable, seemly, relevant, consistent, fortunate, auspicious, favorable; dexter, dextral, dextrorse.

right, v. correct, rectify, emend; make restitution, redress.

right, n. prerogative, privilege, immunity, exemption.

right, n. uprightness, rectitude, probity, integrity, propriety, justice, morality, virtue, equity; title, claim; authority. Associated words: ethics, casuistry, deontology, redress, ethology, aretology.

right along. continuously, constantly, uninterruptedly.

right away. immediately, straightway, right off, instantly, instanter, at once.

righteous, a. pious, religious, devout, godly, saintly; equitable, just, right.

righteousness, n. godliness, holiness, sanctity. Antonym: unrighteousness.

right-handed, a. dexterous.

right-handedness, n. dexterity, dextrality.

rigid, a. inflexible, stiff, unyielding, unpliant; rigorous, severe, austere, strict.

rigidity, n. stiffness, inflexibility, severity, rigor.

rigmarole, n. (Colloq.) nonsense, flummery, balderdash, twaddle.

rigor, n. rigidity, inflexibility, austerity, severity, asperity, sternness, inclemency, stringency.

rigorous, a. severe, stringent, strict, unyielding; inclement, severe.

rile, v. (Colloq.) roil; anger, vex, offend.

rill, n. streamlet, rivulet, runnel, brook.

rily, a. (Colloq.) roily, turbid.

rim, n. brim, margin, edge, brink, verge, border; felly (rim of a wheel).

rime, n. hoarfrost.

rind, n. skin, peel. Antonym: pulp.

ring, v. sound, resound, reverberate; toll, knell, chime, ding, tinkle, clang.

ring, n. circle, hoop; grommet, gimmal, terret, manilla, lute; annulation, annulet. Associated Words: annular, annularity, annulate, signet, dactyliology, dactylioglyphy, dactylioglyph, cameo, intaglio, lapidary, lapidist, posy.

ring, n. arena; clique, coterie, set, cabal.

ringing, n. sounding, resounding, reverberation, tolling, clang, chime, clam, tinkling, knell, clangor.

ringlet, n. tress, curl, lock.

ringworm, n. circular herpes, serpigo.

riot, n. tumult, uproar; revelry.

rioter, n. reveler, carouser, roysterer.

riotous, a. wanton, luxuriant, unrestrained; seditious, tumultuous, turbulent, insubordinate, rebellious.

rip, n. rent, tear.

rip, n. (Slang) harridan, hag.

ripe, a. mature, ripened; consummate, complete, perfect; suppurated, matured; rareripe.

ripen, v. mature, maturate.

ripeness, n. maturity, completeness, consummateness, development.

ripple, v. fret.

rise, v. ascend, mount, arise, levitate; tower; swell, increase, grow, enlarge; emerge; proceed, spring, emanate, originate; rebel, revolt; transcend (rise above).

rise, n. ascent; spring, source, origin, beginning; increase, advance, appreciation, augmentation; elevation, hill, knoll.

rise again. resurge.

risible, a. funny, ludicrous. See laughable.

rising, a. ascending, ascendant.

rising, n. ascent, ascension, rise, levitation, levee, emergence; insurrection, uprising.

rising again. resurrection, resurgence.—a. resurgent.

risk, n. unsafety, danger, peril, jeopardy, hazard, imperilment.

risk, v. hazard, endanger, peril, imperil, jeopard, jeopardize.

risky, a. hazardous, unsafe, perilous, jeopardous, dangerous, precarious.

rite, n. ceremony, ordinance.

ritual, n. liturgy, consuetudinary.

rival, n. competitor, emulator, antagonist.—a. competing, competitive, emulative.

rival, v. compete, emulate.

rivalry, n. competition, emulation, contention.

riven, a. cleft, split, rent asunder.

river, n. Associated Words: potamology, potamography, riparian, riparious, fluvial, levee, wady, estuary, fluviatic, fluviatile, bayou, pothole, dredge, fluvicoline, fluviograph, fluviometer, crevasse, anadron, tributary, embouchure, barrage.

rivulet, n. rill, creek, streamlet, runnel, runlet, brook, bourn.

road, n. thoroughfare, avenue, highroad, highway, street, lane, passage, artery, roadstead, boulevard, esplanade, turnpike, tramroad, causeway, corduroy road, anchorage, impasse.

road agent. highwayman, bandit.

roam, v. ramble, stray, rove, range, wander.

roar, n. bellow, bellowing.

roar, v. bellow; boom, peal, resound, thunder.

roast, v. bake; torrefy, parch; (Colloq.) banter.

rob, v. plunder, pillage, fleece, despoil, rifle, sack, spoliate, loot, forage.

robber, n. bandit, brigand, buccaneer, burglar, depredator, despoiler, footpad, filibuster, forager, desperado, corsair, freebooter, highwayman, picaroon, marauder, pillager, pirate, plunderer, raider, thief, ladrone.

robbery, n. larceny, burglary, theft, plundering, piracy, peculation, depredation, brigandage, buccaneering, despoliation, loot, sack.

robe, n. gown.

robing room of a church. vestry, sacristy.

robust, a. strong, sinewy, muscular, brawny, stalwart, vigorous, sound.

rock, n. bowlder; crag.

rocking-horse, n. cockhorse.

rod, n. wand, cane, stick; pole, perch, 16-1/2 feet.

roe, n. roebuck; ova, spawn (of fishes).

rogue, n. knave, miscreant, scamp, rascal, sharper. See scoundrel.

roguery, n. cheating, knavery, fraud; mischievousness.

roguish, a. knavish, tricky; waggish, sportive, arch, mischievous.

roil, v. make turbid, rile.

roily, a. turbid, muddy, feculent.

roll, n. scroll; roster, record; convolution, trundle, coil.

roll, v. wheel, whirl, revolve, rotate, turn, gyrate, spin, trundle, circumgyrate; inwrap, infold, convolve; wallow, welter; rock, sway, lurch, titubate, fluctuate.

rolled, a. coiled, convoluted, involuted.

roller, n. cylinder; fillet.

rolling, a. rotating, circumrotary; undulating, hilly; voluble.

rolling, n. rotation, wheeling, circumrotation, titubation, involution.

romantic, a. imaginary, impractical, chimerical, picturesque, fanciful, fantastic.

roof timber. rafter.

room, n. space, compass, range, scope, latitude; apartment, chamber, compartment. Associated Word: suite.

roomer, n. lodger.

roomy, a. spacious, capacious, commodious.

roost, n. perch.

rooster, n. cock, chanticleer; cockerel (young); capon (castrated).

root, n. rootstock, radix, taproot, spur; rootlet, radicel; tuber, bulb.

root, n. etymon, stem, radix, radical.

rooted, a. radicated; implanted, fixed, ingrained.

rooting, n. radication; burrowing; implantation.

rooting out. uprooting, eradication, extirpation.

rope, n. cordage, cable, hawser, lasso, lariat, cabestro, tether, tow; pl. shrouds, ratlines. Associated Words: marline, marline spike, marling, strand, oakum, winch, windlass, lif, contline.

rope-dancer, n. funambulist, equilibrist, acrobat.

rope-dancing, n. funambulation. Associated Words: funambulate, funambulatory, poy.

rope-walker, n. equilibrist.

ropy, a. stringy, tenacious, sticky.

rose, n. Associated Words: attar, rodomel.

rose-colored, a. roseate, rosy; alluring.

rosedrop, n. grogblossom, rosy whelk.

rose-grower, n. rosarian.

rose rash. roseola.

rosery, n. rosarium, rosary.

rosin, n. colophony.

rostrum, n. platform, stage, dais.

rosy, a. rose-colored, roseate, ruddy, alluring.

rot, n. decomposition, decay, putrescence, corruption, putridity. Antonyms: preservation, imputrescence, incorruption, soundness.

rotary, a. turning, rotating.

rotary motion. rotation. Associated Words: trochilics, trochilic.

rotate, v. revolve, turn, gyrate, whirl.

rotation, n. turning, revolution; succession.

rotten, a. decayed, putrid, putrescent, carious, corrupt, decomposed, putrefied; malodorous, fetid.

rottenness, n. putrefaction. See rot. Associated Words: antiseptic, imputrescible, septic, putrescible, aseptic.

rotund, a. round, spherical, globular, orbicular.

rotundity, n. roundness, sphericity, circularity, globosity.

roue, n. rake.

rouge, n. ferric oxide, crocus; cosmetic.

rough, a. uneven, jagged, craggy, rugged, cragged, scraggy; rude, inurbane, burly, unrefined, discourteous, uncivil, blunt, bluff, brusque, austere, abrupt, gruff, boorish, uncourtly; boisterous, tumultuous, tempestuous, stormy; harsh, hard, severe, inclement, drastic, violent; harsh, grating, raucous, discordant, inharmonious; unkempt, disheveled, shaggy; incomplete, superficial, cursory, crude, uncut, unpolished, scabrous.

rough, n. bully, ruffian, rowdy.

round, a. circular, spherical, orbicular, orbed, globular, annular, discoid, rotund; cylindrical; convex, protuberant, bulging; orotund.

round, n. revolution, cycle, rotation, series, succession; rung, rundle, ranee, step; circuit, beat; bout.

roundabout, a. circuitous, indirect, tortuous; encircling, ambient, circumambient, encompassing.

roundabout language. circumlocution.

round building or room. rotunda.

roundelay, n. rondeau, rondel, round.

roundness, n. circularity, globularity, sphericity, rotundity, cylindricity, globosity, annularity, orbiculation, orotundity, convexity.

rouse, v. See arouse.

rousing, a. exciting, stirring; (Colloq.) astounding, startling.

rout, n. overthrow, defeat, discomfiture, vanquishment: clamor, tumult, uproar, din, brawl; mob, rabble.

rout, v. vanquish, defeat, scatter.

route, n. course, way, road, passage.

routine, a. custom, round, course.

rove, v. range, ramble, straggle. See wander.

rover, n. See wanderer.

row, n. (Colloq.) brawl, broil, affray, rumpus, squabble, melee, tumult, fracas.

row, n. rank, line, file, series.

rowdy, n. (Colloq.) ruffian, rough, bully, hoodlum, larrikin.

royal, a. kingly, regal, imperial, monarchical, palatine; august, majestic, princely.

royal mace. scepter.

royalty, n. kingship, sovereignty, regality, regency; sovereign, majesty; domain, realm.

rub, n. friction; hindrance, impediment, obstruction, pinch, difficulty; sarcasm, jeer, jibe, taunt; whetstone.

rub, v. abrade, chafe, scrape, grate, fret; embrocate; massage; graze, scour, smooth, smear, fray; burnish, furbish, polish.

rubber, n. caoutchouc, India-rubber; overshoe, galoshe, galoche; eraser. Associated Words: vulcanize, vulcanization.

rubbing, n. friction, abrasion, attrition, chafing, fraying; embrocation; massage.

rubbing out. erasure, obliteration, effacement.

rubbish, n. trash, litter, lumber, refuse, debris, garbage, dross, trumpery.

rubicund, a. ruddy, florid.

rub out. erase, obliterate, expunge, efface.

rub up. burnish, scour, polish.

ruck, n. wrinkle, crease; (Colloq.) common sort.

rudder, n. Associated Word: tiller.

ruddy, a. red, florid, rubicund, blowzed.

rude, a. crude, unpolished, raw, rough, indelicate, unrefined, coarse, undisciplined, uncivilized; inelegant, inartistic, artless; uncivil, discourteous, inurbane, impolite, romping, hoidenish; boisterous, turbulent, violent, inclement, tumultuous; unwrought, unfashioned.

rudiment, n. element; embryo; pl. elements, accidence.

rudimentary, n. rudimental, elementary, initial; embryonic, embryo.

rue, v. regret, deplore.

rueful, a. woeful, sad, lugubrious, mournful.

ruffian, n. monster, villain, rowdy, desperado.

ruffle, n. ruff, frill, flounce, furbelow; perturbation, flurry, bustle.

ruffle, v. pucker, pleat, wrinkle; rumple, derange, disarrange, disorder; agitate, discompose, perturb, disconcert; swagger, strut.

rugged, a. irregular, rough, uneven, scraggy, cragged, craggy; inclement, tempestuous, turbulent, boisterous, wild; (Colloq.) robust, hardy, vigorous; austere, crabbed, harsh, unfeeling.

ruin, n. bane, pest, plague.

ruin, n. wreck, destruction, undoing, dilapidation, disorganization, perdition, ruination, subversion, shipwreck, downfall, havoc, demolition.

ruin, v. overthrow, subvert, destroy, wreck, ruinate, impoverish.

ruination, n. ruin.

ruinous, a. destructive.

rule, n. regulation, prescript, prescription, order, ruling; standard, criterion, touchstone, brocard; maxim, law, canon; norm; government, sway, regency, domination, authority, direction, empire, dynasty, supremacy, administration, regime.

rule, v. govern, dominate; restrain, influence, sway, prevail, dominate, preponderate, domineer.

ruler, n. governor, sovereign, monarch, president, king, potentate, dynast, lord, satrap, rajah, emir, caliph, burgrave, procurator, Pharaoh, interregent, despot, regent, dominator, arbiter, viceroy, vicegerent, autocrat, oligarch, liege lord, protector, kaiser, czar, dey, doge, mogul, pasha, bey, tetrarch, khedive, sultan, emperor.

ruling, a. regnant, reigning; predominant, dominative, dominant, prevailing.

ruling, n. government, regnancy.

rum, a. (Slang) queer, odd, old-fashioned.

ruminate, v. meditate, muse, ponder, reflect.

rumination, n. meditation.

rummage, v. ransack.

runmy, a. (Slang) strange, odd, freakish, singular.

rumor, n. hearsay, gossip, bruit, on dit.

rump, n. buttocks.

rump bone. aitchbone, edgebone, natch bone.

rumple, v. crumple, wrinkle, pucker, crease.

rumple, n. crumple, pucker, wrinkle, crease.

rumpus, n. (Colloq.) disturbance, quarrel, affray, brawl, row, fracas.

run, v. sprint, lope, scamper, scud, speed, his, hasten, scour, scuttle, flee, race, pace, gallop, trot; proceed, flow; melt, fuse; elapse, pass; pursue, follow, tag; stampede; abscond.

run, n. running, sprint, sprinting; course, series, repetition pressure, demand, importunity; generality.

run, n. brook, rill, streamlet, rivulet.

run after. pursue, follow, tag.

runagate, n. renegade, deserter, apostate, vagabond.

runaway, n. fugitive, absconder, deserter, truant, renegade.

runaway, a. fugitive, absconding, truant.

run away. flee, escape, desert, elope, abscond.

run away with. accompany.

run down. decline, deteriorate; decry, belittle, disparage, derogate.

rung, n. round, rime, rundle (of a ladder).

run into. collide.

runner, n. racer, sprinter; messenger, courier.

running, a. successive, consecutive; flowing, easy, cursive; continuous; trailing.

running after. pursuit.

running away. desertion, fleeing, absconding, elopement.

running down. decline, deterioration; decrial, disparagement.

running into. collision.

running out. expiration, extension, expatiation, extinction.

run out. expire; extend, spread; expatiate, descant; become extinct.

run over. overflow.

runround, n. (Colloq.) felon, whitlow.

runt, n. dwarf, pygmy.

run through. squander, dissipate; transfix, impale, pierce.

ruption, n. breach, rupture.

rupture, n. disruption, breach; hernia.

rural, a. rustic, country, countrified, pastoral, bucolic, agrestic.

ruralism, n. ruralness, rurality, rusticity.

ruralize, v. rusticate.

ruse, n. artifice, wile, trick, stratagem, maneuver, feint, dodge.

rush, v. press, hurry.

rush, n. activity, demand.

Russia, n. Associated Words: Russian, russianize, Russification, russify, Russophile, Russophobia, Russophobe, Duma, vodka.

Russian peasant. muzhik, moujik.

rust, n. corrosion, aerugo, verdigris; mildew, blight, mould; pating.

rust, v. corrode; degenerate (in idleness), decline.

rustic, a. rural, country, agrestic; unpolished, countrified, uncouth, rude, rough; coarse, plain, simple, inelegant, homely; artless, unaffected.

rustic, n. countryman, farmer; boor, churl, hind, put, carl, yokel.

rusticate, v. ruralize.

rustle, n. rustling, frou-frou.

rustlings a. whispering, susurrous.

rust of plants. ferrugo.

rusty, a. seruginous; ferruginous; reasty, rancid, musty, fusty, mildewed; discolored, stained; rubiginous.

rut, n. groove; roaring (of waves), rote.

rut, n. oestrus, heat, oestruation. Associated Word: oestrual.

ruth, n. pity, tenderness, compassion, mercy.

ruthful, a. pitiful, tender, compassionate, merciful.

ruthless, a. pitiless, cruel, truculent, relentless, implacable, fell, hard-hearted.

ruthlessness, n. truculence, implacability, cruelty, mercilessness.

ruttish, a. lustful, salacious, lascivious.

rye, n. Associated Words: ergot, ergotism, ergotized.



S



sack, n. bag, pouch; pillage, plunder, rapine, havoc, devastation, spoliation.

sack, v. devastate, plunder, pillage, ravage, despoil, loot, rapine, strip.

sacred, a. consecrated, hallowed; venerable, sainted, religious; inviolable.

sacredness, n. sanctity, holiness; inviolability, inviolableness.

sacrifice, n. oblation, immolation; surrender, loss, giving up; holocaust; hecatomb.

sacrifice, v. offer, immolate; surrender, give up, forego.

sacrilege, n. desecration, profanation, violation.

sacrilegious, a. impious, profane, irreverent.

sad, a. sorrowful, pathetic, plaintive, doleful, piteous, lugubrious, rueful, mournful, dismal, funereal, gloomy, melancholy, disconsolate, dejected, touching; calamitous, deplorable, grievous, dire, afflictive, wretched, saturnine, grave, sober; dull, sombre, subdued; (Colloq.) bad, naughty, troublesome, mischievous, vexatious.

sadden, v. depress, dishearten; tone down, subdue.

saddle, n. Associated Words: pommel, cantle, girth, pillion, stirrup, saddle-tree, croup, crutch, chapelet, tilpah, tapadero, housing, latigo, pique, panel, sinch, saddle-bow, selliform, holster, mochila.

sadness, n. melancholy, pathos, sorrow, gravity, soberness, seriousness.

safe, a. unharmed, intact, unscathed, immune; trustworthy, reliable, sure, secure, invulnerable, impregnable. Antonyms: unsafe, endangered, insecure.

safe-conduct, n. convoy, guard, escort; pass, passport.

safeguard, n. defense, security, palladium, protection, convoy, guard; passport.

safeguard, v. guard, defend, protect, shield.

safekeeping, n. guardianship, care, custody, charge, preservation.

safety, n. security, custody; immunity, exemption.

sagacious, a. intelligent, knowing, shrewd, discerning.

sagacity, n. intelligence, shrewdness, cleverness, ingenuity, wisdom.

sail, v. navigate, cruise, embark.—n. sailing, cruise, embarkation.

sailable, a. navigable.

sailcloth, n. canvas, duck, tarpaulin, raven's-duck.

sailing, n. navigation; circumnavigation (sailing round); orthodromics, orthodromy.

sailor, n. mariner, navigator, seaman, seafarer, tarpaulin, tar, salt, Jacky.

sailor's song. chantey.

sailor's wages. portage.

saint, n. Associated Words: canonize, canonization, hagiology, hagiologist, hagiolatry, hagiolater, hagiography, Hagiographa, dulia, legend, diptych, feretory, philatory, relic, apse, reliquary, shrine, saintism, sainthood, saintship, hagiographer, hierotheca.

sainted, a. holy, pious, saintly, consecrated; canonized.

Saint Vitus's dance. chorea. Associated Word: choreic.

salable, a. vendible, marketable. Antonyms: unsalable, unmarketable.

salacious, a. lascivious, lecherous, concupiscent. See lustful.

salad, n. Associated Word: acetarious.

sale, n. vendition, market; auction; handsel.

salient, a. prominent, conspicuous, noticeable, striking.

saliva, n. spittle, sputum, spit. Associated Words: salivate, salivation, insalivate, insalivation, salivant, salivary, ptyalism, salival, salivous, expectorant, drool, drivel, ptyalogogue, sialogogue, ptysmagogue.

sally, n. spring, leap; sortie; witticism, jest, frolic, escapade.

saloon, n. grogshop, barroom, groggery, dramshop.

sal soda. carbonate of soda.

salt, n. chloride of sodium.

salt, n. seasoning, flavor, savor, taste; piquancy, wit, sense, humor; old sailor.

saltness, n. salinity, salineness, saltiness.

salt of wisdom. alembroth.

saltpetre, n. potassium nitrate, nitre, nitrate of potash.

salt spring. saline.

salt works. salina.

salty, a. saline, brackish, saltish, salt, briny, saliferous.

salute, v. address, greet, hail, welcome, accost.—n. salutation.

salvation, n. redemption. Associated Word: soteriology.

salve, n. ointment, cerate, embrocation, emollient, balm, unguent.

salve, v. anoint, embrocate, heal; remedy, cure.

sal-volatile, n. carbonate of ammonia, salts of hartshorn, smelling salts.

same, a. identical, invariable, uniform, analogous, similar, cognate; isomeric, isonomic. Antonyms: See different.

sameness, n. identity, identicalness, similarity, correspondence, uniformity, analogy, parity, invariability, parallelism; monotony; isomerism.

sample, n. specimen, example, illustration, exemplification, instance, pattern.

sanction, n. confirmation, ratification, authorization, penalty, punishment.

sanction, v. confirm, ratify, approve, countenance.

sanctity, n. godliness, saintliness, inviolability, sacredness.

sanctuary, n. shrine, sanctum, adytum; Holy of Holies; church, temple.

sand, n. sandy soil; quicksand, syrtis; arena (Med.). Associated words: dune, downs, arenicolous, burst, sabulosity (sandiness), psammophilous, ammophilous, medano, eschar, os, kame, arenarious.

sand, n. (Slang) grit, pluck, nerve, courage, fearlessness, audacity, spirit.

sand bath. arenation, psammotherapy, inhumation, saburration.

sandglass, n. hourglass.

Sandwich islands. Associated Word: Kanacka (native).

sandy, a. sabulous, gritty, arenaceous, arenose.

sane, a. underanged, rational, sound, lucid, compos mentis.

sanguinary, a. bloody, murderous; cruel, truculent, bloodthirsty.

sanitarium, n. sanatorium, health retreat.

sanity, n. saneness, rationality.

sap, v. mine, undermine, subvert; exhaust, drain, unsettle.

saphead, n. (Slang) simpleton, sap, dolt.

sappy, a. juicy, lush, succulent; (Low) silly, foolish, half-witted.

sapwood, n. alburnum.

sarcastic, a. satirical, taunting, ironical, derisive, sneering.

sash, n. girdle.

Satan, n. devil, Belial, Apollyon, Abaddon, Asmodeus, Prince of Darkness, Archfiend, the Evil One, the Tempter, the Arch Enemy.

satchel, n. handbag, valise.

satiate, v. surfeit, pall, glut, overfeed, cloy, gorge.

satiety, n. satiation, surfeit, cloyment, over-fullness.

satire, n. irony, sarcasm, ridicule, lampoon, pasquinade.

satirical, a. bitter, sarcastic, ironical, caustic, mordacious.

satirize, v. lampoon, ridicule, lash.

satisfaction, n. gratification; contentment, complacency, content, comfort; reparation, indemnification, requital, reimbursement, recompense; atonement, amends. Antonyms: dissatisfaction, discontent.

satisfactory, a. sufficient, satisfying, conclusive, gratify, ing, atoning.

satisfy, v. gratify, content, appease, satiate, suffice; indemnify, repay.

sauce, n. (Low) sauciness, impertinence, insolence, rudeness

saucy, a. impertinent, insolent, pert, impudent, malapert, flippant.

saunter, v. loiter, linger, straggle, lounge, stroll, delay, dawdle, lag.

savable, a. salvable.

savage, a. uncivilized, barbarous; ferocious, ravenous, fierce, untamed; brutal, fell, truculent, implacable, atrocious, ferocious, inhuman.

savage, n. barbarian; cannibal.

savages, n. pl. Associated Words: agriology, agriologist.

save, v. rescue, deliver, redeem; preserve, conserve, keep; reserve, hoard, garner; economize, husband; spare, obviate, prevent, forefend, shield, protect.

save, prep. or conj. except, excepting, reserving.

saving, a. preserving, redemptory, redeeming; preservative, conservative; frugal, thrifty, economical, provident, sparing, choice, chary. Antonyms: lavish, extravagant, prodigal, unthrifty, profuse, wasteful.

saving, n. treasure, hoard, reserve; exception, reservation, salvation, rescue, redemption, deliverance; preservation, conservation; salvage.

savingness, n. frugality, parsimony, thrift, providence, economy, chariness. Antonyms: extravagance, prodigality, improvidence.

savory, a. gustable, palatable, toothsome, fragrant. Antonyms: unsavory, impalatable.

savvy, v. (Slang) understand, comprehend.—n. understanding, comprehension.

saw, n. maxim, adage, apothegm. See saying.

sawbones, n. (Nickname) surgeon.

sawer, n. sawyer.

saw tooth. serration, serrature, serrulation.

saw-toothed, a. serrate, serrated, serrulate.

say, v. utter, express, mention, pronounce, speak, declare, tell, articulate, recite, rehearse; state, assert, affirm, allege, aver, asseverate, predicate, cite; suppose, assume, presume.

saying, n. utterance, declaration, statement, pronunciation, mention, assertion, affirmation, citation, averment, asseveration, alleging, recital, rehearsal.

saying, n. maxim, saw, proverb, apothegm, aphorism, adage, dictum, precept, axiom, motto, quotation.

scab, n. eschar, incrustation; mange.

scabby, a. scabbed, scaly, scabious, mangy.

scaffold, n. staging, scaffolding; gallows.

scalawag, n. (Slang) scamp, rascal, rogue, scapegrace, miscreant, scoundrel, villain, caitiff, varlet.

scale, n. flake, lamina, leprosity, lamella, squama, incrustation.

scale, n. (Mus.) gamut, sol-fa. Associated Words: diatonic, chromatic, tonic.

scale, n. (Bot.) squamula, lodicule; fulcrum.

scale, v. exfoliate, desquamate; climb, ascend, mount, clamber, escalade.

scales, n. pl. balance; steelyards, Roman balance.

scalloped, a. pinked; crenate, crenated (Bot.).

scaly, a. flaky, squamose, leprose, squamoid, scurvy; (Low) mean, low, contemptible, scurvy, despicable.

scamble, v. sprawl, wabble, shamble; scramble, jostle.

scamp, v. (Colloq.) slight, skimp.

scamp, n. rascal, knave, miscreant, caitiff, scapegrace, scoundrel.

scamper, v. hasten away, scud, hie, run, scuttle, scatter.

scandal, n. reproach, opprobrium, disgrace, odium, shame; slander.

scandalize, v. shock, offend, displease; disgrace; slander, defame, vilify.

scandalous, a. defamatory, libellous, slanderous; infamous, disgraceful, opprobrious, shameful, disreputable.

scant, a. scanty, meager, insufficient, inadequate; sparing, saving, chary.

scant, v. limit, straiten, stint.

scantness, n. smallness, narrowness, inadequacy, insufficiency, meagerness, scantiness.

scanty, a. insufficient, inadequate, meager; sparing, illiberal, niggardly.

scapegrace, n. rogue, scamp, blacksheep, miscreant.

scar, n. cicatrix, seam, cicatrice; blemish, disfigurement, flaw. Associated Words: cicatricial, cicatrisive, cicatrizant, cicatrize, cicatrization, escharotic.

scarce, a. rare, unplentiful, deficient.

scarcity, n. dearth, deficiency, insufficiency, lack, drought, rarity, paucity.

scare, v. frighten, intimidate, terrify, daunt, cow, appall, startle, affright, alarm, browbeat, dismay, terrorize, overawe. Antonym: reassure.

scare, n. fright, alarm, terror, panic, consternation.

scarecrow, n. guy, effigy; ragamuffin.

scarf, n. muffler, tippet, neckcloth, neckerchief, cravat, necktie, maniple.

scarfskin, n. epidermis, cuticle.

scary, a. (Colloq.) timid, apprehensive, alarming, frightful.

scatter, v. dissipate, disperse, dispel, separate; intersperse.

scatter-brained, a. giddy, thoughtless, flighty, careless.

scattering, a. scattered, sporadic.

scattering, n. dissipation, dispersion; interspersion.

scene, n. spectacle, show, exhibition, display, view, scenery.

scenery, n. view, landscape, prospect.

scent, n. odor, smell, perfume; flair. See smell.

scepter, n. royal mace, sovereignty.

schedule, n. list, catalogue, table.

scheme, n. design, plan, project, machination, intrigue, cabal; outline, draught, arrangement, plan, system.

scheme, v. devise, excogitate, plan, machinate, plot, design.

schemer, n. plotter, intriguer, machinator, intrigant, planner, contriver.

scheming, a. artful, designing, intriguing, Machiavelian, tricky, wily, insidious. Antonyms: guileless, undesigning, artless.

schismatic, a. dissentious, heretical, dissentient, schismatical.

schismatic, n. nonconformist, dissenter, separatist, heretic, sectary.

scholar, n. pupil, student, learner, disciple; savant, philomath.

scholarly, a. scholarlike, erudite, scholastic.

scholarship, n. erudition, learning, knowledge, attainments, polymathy.

school, n. institute, academy, seminary, college, gymnasium conservatory, university; denomination, sect; shoal; clinic.

school, v. train, educate, drill, teach.

schooling, n. education, training, nurture, discipline; tuition.

scientist, n. savant.

scintilla, n. iota, trace, whit, particle, mite, bit, tittle, jot, scrap, atom.

scion, n. descendant, heir; shoot, sprout.

scoff, v. deride, ridicule, mock, sneer, gibe, jeer, contemn.

scoffer, n. derider, ridiculer, mocker, sneerer, scorner, contemner, jeerer.

scoffery, n. mockery, derision, ridicule, jeering.

scold, v. chide, berate, censure, reprimand, blame, reprove, brawl, lecture, reprehend, vituperate, rate, rebuke, declaim against.

scold, n. shrew, vixen, virago, termagant, rixatrix, Xantippe.

scolding, n. chiding, censure, rating, reprimand, reprehension, rebuke, berating.

scolding, a. berating, chiding, censorious, shrewish, reprehensory, termagant.

scoop, n. ladle; cavity, hollow; stroke, sweep, swoop.

scope, n. design, purpose; opportunity, space, room, liberty; extent, compass, purview.

scorch, v. singe, char, torrefy, burn, parch.

score, n. tally, account; notch, incision; motive, account, reason, sake, consideration, behalf; line, groove; twenty.

score, v. notch, scratch, cut; record, enter.

scorn, n. contempt, disdain, derision, contumely, mockery, slight.

scorn, v. despise, reject, contemn, disregard, scout, spurn.

scornful, a. disdainful, contemptuous, contumelious, defiant.

Scotch, n. Gaelic.

Scotchman, n. Scot, Scotsman, Caledonian, Gael, Celt.

Scotland, n. Scotia, Caledonia.

scoundrel, n. villain, knave, rascal, scamp, rogue, caitiff, reprobate, cheat, swindler, libertine, miscreant, bezonian, vagabond, wretch.

scoundrelism, n. villainy, turpitude, knavery, rascality.

scourge, n. affliction, infliction, bane, punishment.

scout, v. disdain, flout, contemn, scorn, spurn, scoff, ridicule.

scout, n. spy.

scowl, v. glower, frown, lower.—n. frown.

scowling, a. sullen, glowering, frowning, lowering.

scraggy, a. scragged, craggy; scrawny, lank, gaunt, skinny, angular.

scramble, v. scrabble, clamber; struggle, contend, strive.

scrap, n. bit, fragment, morsel, crumb; excerpt, extract; pl. cracklings.

scrapbook, n. commonplace book, album.

scrape, n. difficulty, predicament, dilemma.

scrape, v. abrade, rasp, grate, rub; gather, collect; erase, remove.

scraper, n. rasper.

scrappy, a. fragmentary, disconnected, inconsistent.

scratch, v. scrape; scribble; erase, expunge; scarify.

scratch, a. (Slang) haphazard, chance, improvised.

scrawl, n. scribble.

scrawny, a. (Colloq.) angular, lank, meager, scraggy, bony, rawboned, gaunt.

screak, n. creaking, screech, squeak.—v. screech, creak, squeak.

scream, n. shriek, screech, yell, outcry.

screech, n. shriek, scream, screak.

screechy, a. discordant, unmelodious, unmusical, strident.

screed, n. tirade, diatribe, harangue.

screen, n. shield, protection, guard, defense, traverse, fender; mask, disguise; sieve, riddle; jube, parclose, rood screen; pavesade.

screen, v. shield, defend, protect, cover, conceal, cloak, hide; sift, riddle.

screw, v. twist, wrench, force, squeeze; oppress, rack; distort.

screw, n. extortioner, skinflint.

scribe, n. writer, scrivener, amanuensis, copyist.

scrimmage, n. skirmish, scuffle, scrabble, row, fight.

scrimp, v. limit, straiten, scant, stint.

scrimp, a. scanty.

scrofula, n. king's evil. Associated Words: scrofulide, scrofulous.

scrotum, n. cod. Associated Words: scrotal, varicocele, spermatic cord, pneumatocele, gubernaculum, cirsotomy, dartos, urocele, sarcocele, mesorchium, scrotocele, vas deferens, suspensory.

scrub, n. jungle, thicket, brushwood.

scrubby, a. stunted, dwarfed, undeveloped, scrub, insignificant.

scrumptious, a. (Slang) fine, elegant, excellent, fastidious, particular.

scruple, n. hesitation, doubt; twenty grains.

scrupulous, a. conscientious, exact, strict, punctilious, particular.

scuffle, n. tussle, struggle, encounter, contest, fight, fray.

scullion, n. menial.

sculpture, n. statuary.

scum, n. dross, recrement, refuse, waste, froth.—v. despumate.

scurrilous, a. indecent, scurrile, opprobrious, insulting, abusive.

scurry, v. hurry, scamper, scuddle, scuttle.

scurry, a. despicable, abject, low, mean, contemptible.

scurvy, n. scorbutus.

scuttle, n. coal hod; manhole.

scuttle, v. scuddle, hurry, bustle, run.

scythe, n. Associated Words: swath, snath.

scythestone, n. whetstone.

sea, n. Associated Words: marine, naval, maritime, nautical, Davy Jones, pelagic, pelagian, loom, looming, submarine, ultramarine, rote, frith, estuary, fiord, kraken, Triton, haliography, haliographer, hydrography, thalassography, marinorama, nereid, mirage, nautilus, thalassotherapy.

seacoast, n. seaboard, seashore, seaside, beach, strand, seamarge.

sea cow. manatee; dugong; walrus.

sea fight. naval battle, naumachy.

sea horse. hippocampus; walrus.

sea king. Norse pirate chief, Viking (pirate).

seal, n. Associated Words: rookery, pup.

seal, n. signet; assurance, ratification, attestation, authentication, confirmation; cachet (seal of a letter); breloque (jewel). Associated Words: sphragistics, sigillography, sigillate.

seal, v. ratify, authenticate, confirm, attest.

sea letter. passport, sea pass.

sealing, n. confirmation, ratification, authentication, attestation, obsignation.

seam, n. suture, commissure; layer, stratum.

seamaid, n. mermaid, sea-nymph, siren.

seaman, n. sailor, seafarer, mariner, tarpaulin, tar, salt, sea dog, Jacky, beachcomber; merman; midshipman, middy, skipper, cockswain, pilot, navigator.

sear, v. cauterize, scorch.

sear, a. dry, withered, dead, sere.

search, v. examine, explore, hunt, seek, overhaul; rummage, ransack, ferret; scrutinize, probe, sift.

search, n. quest, research, pursuit.

searcher, n. seeker.

searchless, a. unsearchable, impenetrable, inscrutable.

seared, a. scorched, cauterized; callous, case-hardened.

searing, n. scorching, cautery, cauterization, cauterizing. Associated Words: cauter, cauterant, cauterism, cautery.

seashore, n. seacoast, seaside, seaboard.

seasickness, n. nausea, mal de mer.

sea soldier. marine.

season, v. habituate, inure, harden, accustom, acclimatize, acclimate; dry, mature; flavor, spice.

seasonable, a. opportune, timely, suitable, apropos, convenient.

seasoning, n. condiment, spice, relish, sauce, flavor, salt, hautgout.

seat, n. site, abode, situation, station; fundament, buttocks, bottom, breech; chair, sofa, tete-a-tete, divan, settee; banquette, dickey, rumble; bench, form; pew.

seat, v. usher.

seaweeds, n. pl. algae, dulse, sea lettuce, confervae, wrack; sargasso; kelp, fucus, rockweed. Associated Words: algology, algous, fucivorous, fucoid, fucoidal, fucosol, laver, barilla, phycology, phycography, varec, rhabdolith.

secluded, a. sequestered, isolated, retired, withdrawn, covert, lonely.

seclusion, n. sequestration, isolation, solitude, loneliness, retirement.

second, n. backer, supporter, assistant.—v.. back, support, abet.

secondary, a. subordinate, second, inferior, minor, collateral.

secondary, n. subordinate, deputy, delegate, proxy, underling, auxiliary.

second-class, a. inferior, second-rate.

second son. Associated Word: secundogeniture.

second sight. prophetic vision, deuteroscopy.

second thought. reconsideration.

secrecy, n. seclusion, privacy, retirement, concealment, confidence.

secret, a. mystery, arcanum; pl. confidences; pl. genitals; pl. penetralia. Associated Words: secretive, secretory, confide, confidential.

secret, a. hidden, concealed, unrevealed, mysterious, cryptic, recondite, occult, esoteric, cabalistic, abstruse, unknown, latent; secluded, privy, withdrawn, retired, covert, private, sequestered; stealthy, underhand, clandestine, sly, surreptitious, confidential, undetected. Antonyms: overt, revealed, open, exoteric, manifest.

secretary, n. amanuensis, clerk, writer, scribe; writing-desk, escritoire, scrutoire. Associated Words: secretarial, secretariat, portfolio.

secrete, v. bury, hide, conceal, shroud, disguise, cloak.

secretion, n. concealment, hiding.

secretive, a. uncommunicative, taciturn, reserved, silent, wary.

secretiveness, n. taciturnity, reserve, silence, uncommunicativeness, wariness.

secret language. cryptology, argot, flash.

secret name. cryptonym.

secrets, n. pl. confidences, mysteries; arcana, penetralia.

secret science. esoterics, cabala.

secret vice. masturbation, onanism, self-abuse.

secret writing. cryptography, cipher, steganography, cryptogram.

sect, n. school, party, denomination.

sectarian, a. denominational.

section, n. portion, part, division, segment, piece; paragraph.

secular, a. temporal, worldly, laic, civil.

secure, a. safe, confident, assured, fast, immovable, stable, indemnified. Antonyms: insecure, risky, hazardous.

secure, v. gain, procure, obtain, get, acquire; fasten, moor; guarantee, ensure, insure, assure, indemnify; defend, guard, shield, protect.

security, n. safety, confidence, assurance, certainty; warranty, surety, indemnification, pledge, indemnity, bond, guarantee, vadium; defense, protection, bulwark.

sedate, a. staid, demure, imperturbable, composed, calm.

sedative, a. composing, soothing, anodyne.

sedative, n. anaesthetic, narcotic, opiate, hypnotic.

sediment, n. precipitate, dregs, lees, settlings, grounds, feculence.

sedition, n. rebellion, revolt, insurrection, riot, mutiny, insubordination.

seditious, a. rebellious, insubordinate, insurgent, mutinous.

seduce, v. entice, tempt, betray, allure.

seducement, n. seduction, enticement.

seducer, n. Lothario.

seduction, n. enticement, temptation, allurement, lure.

seductive, a. alluring, attractive, siren, enticing.

see, v. perceive, descry, view, behold, witness, espy; discern, distinguish, observe, note, notice, observe, understand, grasp; watch, regard, look after; accompany, escort; interview, visit. Antonyms: overlook, ignore, miss, skip, connive at.

seed, n. semen, sperm; first principle, origin, source.

seed, n. kernel, grain, pip, ovule. Associated Words: carpology, spermologist, seminal, semination, seminific, spermophyte, angiosperm, pericarp, angiospermous, carpolite, germinate, germination, achene, carpel, spermophyta, silique, silicle, weevil, chorion, testa, tegmen, endopleura, capsule, pod.

seedy, a. (Colloq.) shabby, tacky, threadbare; spiritless.

seeing, n. perception, viewing, espial, descrying, beholding; discernment, observation, comprehension; sight, vision. Antonyms: imperception, blindness, connivance. See sight.

seek, v. search for, hunt; aim at, strive after, attempt.

seeming, n. appearance, show, semblance, speciousness, guise, look.

seemingly, adv. apparently, ostensibly.

seemly, a. becoming, suitable, proper, appropriate, meet, befitting.

seep, v. percolate.

seer, n. prophet, vaticinator, predictor, diviner.

seething, a. boiling, ebullient.

segment, n. section, part, portion, piece; (Biol.) metamere, somite, somatome.

seize, v. apprehend, snatch, clutch, catch, gripe, grasp, grapple; arrest; confiscate, usurp, appropriate; distrain, distress.

seizure, n. apprehension, grasping; capture; confiscation, usurpation.

seldom, adv. infrequently, rarely.

select, v. pick out, choose, prefer, cull, single out, elect.—a. choice. Antonyms: promiscuous, indiscriminate.

selecting, a. elective, eclectic.

selection, n. choice, election, preference, pick; collection, assortment. Antonyms: promiscuity, indiscrimination.

self, n. ego, person, individual. Associated Words: egoism, egoist, egoistic, egotism, egotist, egotistical.

self-abasement, n. self-degradation, humility, meekness.

self-abuse, n. masturbation, onanism, secret vice, self-pollution.

self-acting, a. automatic.

self-conceit, n. egotism, overweening, priggishness, vanity.

self-conceited, a. egotistical, vain, overweening, priggish, opinionated, bumptious, conceited.

self-consumption, n. autophagy.

self-defense, n. Associated Word:: jujutsu.

self-deification, n. autotheism.

self-denial, n. self-abnegation, asceticism, self-sacrifice, abstemiousness. Antonyms: self-indulgence, sensuality, voluptuousness.

self-denying, a. self-sacrificing, unselfish, ascetic, abstemious.

self-evident, a. axiomatic, obvious.

self-examination, n. introspection; autoscopy.

self-explanatory, a. obvious.

self-fear, n. self-distrust, autophoby.

self-fertilization, n. autogamy.

self-government, n. self-control; democracy; autonomy. Antonyms: subjection, heteronomy, abandon, subordination.

self-heating, a. idiothermic.

self-importance, n. pompousness, pomposity, vanity, conceit.

self-important, a. pompous, vain, opinionated, bumptious.

selfish, a. ungenerous, narrow, illiberal, uncharitable.

self-knowledge, n. autology.

self-murderer, n. suicide, felo-de-se.

self-possessed, a. composed, unruffled, sedate, calm, collected.

self-possession, n. composure, equanimity, calmness, aplomb. Antonyms: discomposure, agitation.

self-righteous, a. pharisaic, sanctimonious.

self-sufficiency, n. self-complacency.

self-taught person. autodidact, automath.

self-worship, n. autolatry, idiolatry.

sell, v. vend, barter, exchange; betray; (Slang) deceive, impose upon, cheat.

sell, n. (Slang) imposition, cheat, hoax, deception, trick, fraud.

seller, n. vender, vendor.

selling, n. vendition, barter, vending, sale.

selvedge, n. listing.

semen, n. sperm, seed. Associated Words: seminal, spermatic, spermatism, gonic, aspermatism, aspermia, seminific, seminiferous, spermatoid, spermatozoid, spermic, spermary, spermatorrhea, spermatozoa, emission, vesiculae seminales, fecundate.

semicircle, n. hemicycle.

send, v. dispatch, commission, delegate; transmit, forward.

send back. return, remand, recommit.

sending back. return, remand, remandment, recommitment.

senile, a. decrepit, feeble, aged, infirm.

senility, n. dotage, decrepitude, old age.

seniority, n. eldership, superiority.

sensation, n. consciousness, feeling, perception; excitement. Associated Words: aesthesiology, sensorium, sentient, sensific, sensory, sentiency, insentient, sensifacient, sensiferous, sensificatory, sensitive, aesthesiometer, aesthesiogen, catalepsy, anaesthesia.

sensational, a. melodramatic, emotional, exciting, thrilling.

sense, n. perception, sensation, sensibility, feeling, aesthesia; apprehension, understanding; wisdom, sagacity; judgment, notion, opinion, sentiment, view; conviction, consciousness. Associated Words: aesthematology, aesthesiography, sensuous, sensual, sensuality, sensuousness.

sense, v. (Colloq.) perceive, recognize.

senseless, a. insensible, unconscious; absurd, silly, nonsensical, inept, foolish, idiotic, fatuous, unwise.

senselessness, n. insensibility, unconsciousness; fatuity, absurdity.

sensibility, n. susceptibility, sensitiveness, delicacy, feeling, emotion.

sensible, a. apprehensible, perceptible; susceptible, impressible, conscious, cognizant, aware; wise, judicious, discreet, intelligent. Antonyms: insensible, unconscious.

sensitive, a. susceptible, impressible, sentient, irritable.

sensual, a. unspiritual, carnal, fleshly, sensuous; voluptuous, luxurious, sybaritic, wanton, licentious, self-indulgent.

sensualist, n. voluptuary, epicure, sybarite.

sensuality, n. voluptuousness, carnality, sybaritism; wantonness, licentiousness, self-gratification.

sensuous, a. sensual. Antonym: insensuous.

sentence, n. opinion, decision, determination, judgment; axiom, maxim, precept, posy, adage, epigram, apothegm, saying.

sententious, a. terse, pithy, laconic, epigrammatic.

sentient, a. sensitive, perceptive, conscious, susceptible. Antonyms: insentient, insusceptible.

sentiment, n. thought, feeling; judgment, notion, opinion; maxim, saying, toast; sensibility, susceptibility.

sentimental, a. romantic, impressible, emotional, lackadaisical. Antonyms: unsentimental, matter-of-fact, pragmatical.

sentinel, n. guard, sentry, watchman, picket, vidette, perdue. Associated Word: cordon.

separable, a. divisible, detachable, severable, partible. Antonym: inseparable.

separate, v. divide, dissolve, detach, sunder, sever, disconnect, part, disjoin, withdraw, rend, dissociate, disengage, isolate, disunite, eliminate, disintegrate, segregate, scatter, disperse, dissipate, sequester, cleave, insulate, dissever, deglutinate.

separate, a. detached, disconnected, disjoined, separated, apart, distinct, isolated, segregated, disunited, severed, withdrawn.

separation, n. division, segregation, disunion, disconnection, sequestration, disjunction, dissolution, disengagement, disintegration, insulation, isolation, rupture, dissociation, divorce, analysis, decomposition, detachment, demarcation, severance, partition, deglutination.

separatist, n. nonconformist, dissenter, sectary, schismatic.

sequel, n. continuation, conclusion, consequence, result, outcome.

sequence, n. succession, series, following; result, sequel, consequence.

sequestered, a. secluded.

sere, a. dry, withered, sear.

serenade, n. nocturne; (burlesque) charivari, callithump.

serene, a. calm, placid, composed, tranquil, unruffled, unclouded.

serenity, n. calmness, composure, tranquillity; cloudlessness, clearness.

serf, n. bondman, thrall, slave, bond servant, villein.

serfdom, n. thralldom, slavery, subjection, bondage, servitude.

serious, a. grave, earnest, thoughtful, solemn, staid, sober, demure, saturnine; momentous, important, weighty, grave; dangerous, alarming, critical.

seriousness, n. gravity. Antonyms: levity, frivolity, triviality.

sermon, n. homily, exhortation (religious), discourse. Associated words: homiletics, homiletic, homilist.

serpent, n. snake, reptile, ophidian; basilisk, cockatrice, amphisbaena. Associated Words: ophiology, ophiolatry, ophiophagous, ophiography, herpetology, ophidian, ophiologic, ophiomorphous, herpetologist, herpetotomy, herpetotomist, ophiologist, ophiomancy, echidna, echidnine, fang, uraeus, serpentry, reptilian, anguiform, anguine.

serpentine, a. serpentlike, subtle, sinuous, winding, zigzag, tortuous.

servant, n. dependent, subaltern, subordinate, helper, servitor, attendant, retainer; domestic, maid, menial, drudge, valet, flunky, groom, coistril, lackey, underling, fag, coolie, butler, factotum, orderly, soubrette, equerry.

serve, v. attend, wait upon; promote, advance, contribute, conduce to; subserve; treat, requite; satisfy, suffice, content, answer, do; deal, distribute.

service, n. labor, employment, office, duty, business, function, ministry; ritual, ceremony, rite; advantage, benefit, avail, use, utility; homage, obeisance.

servile, a. slavish, abject, cringing, groveling, obsequious; dependent, enslaved.

servitude, n. bondage, enslavement.

set, v. place, put, fix, establish, locate, station; adjust, regulate, adapt; oppose, obstruct; appoint, assign.

set, a. fixed, immovable, rigid, firm, obstinate, inflexible, unyielding; regular, uniform, established, prescribed, ordained, appointed.

set, n. clique, group, class, party, coterie, circle, band, company.

set aside. displace, supersede.

setback, n. (Colloq.) backset, check, repulse, reverse, relapse.

set-off, n. offset; counterclaim, equivalent.

set-out, n. display, equipage, rig, turnout; (Colloq.) preparations.

settle, v. fix, establish; ordain, install; adjust, determine, decide; sink, subside, fall; precipitate; quiet, calm, pacify, tranquillize; colonize, people.

settlement, n. establishment; ordination, installation; colonization, colony; adjustment; subsidence.

settler, n. pioneer, colonist.

settlings, n. pl. sediment, dregs, lees, precipitate, grounds, feculence; foots.

set-to, n. (Colloq.) contest, conflict, encounter, combat, fight, scrimmage.

seven, n. heptade. Associated Words: septenary, septuple, septette, septenate, septemvirate, septemvir, heptarchy.

sevenfold, a. septuple.

seven languages. Associated Word: heptaglot.

seven-sided, a. heptagonal, septilateral.

seven-sided figure. heptagon, heptahedron.

seventy, n. Associated Words: septuagenary, septuagesimal, Septuagint.

seventy years. Associated Words: septuagenarian, septuagenary.

seven years. septennate. Associated Words: septennial, septennially, septenary.

sever, v. part, divide, disunite, separate, disjoin, detach, disconnect.

several, a. various, diverse, manifold, divers, sundry.

severe, a. drastic, harsh, stern, rigorous, exact, cruel; serious, sedate, grave, austere, sober; distressing, afflictive, sharp, acute, violent, intense; inexorable, stern, exacting, peremptory, unrelenting, unmerciful; plain, austere, unembellished, unadorned; methodical, strict, precise, exact.

severity, n. rigor, rigorousness, harshness, exactness, cruelty; seriousness, gravity; violence, intensity, acuteness; austerity, simplicity, plainness; exactness, strictness, preciseness.

sew, v. stitch; baste.

sewer, n. Associated Words: sewerage, sewage.

sewing woman. seamstress.

sex, n. Associated Words: sexual, gender, bisexual, unisexual, epicene, hermaphrodite, hermaphroditism, androgyne, androgyny, gonad.

sexless, a. asexual, agamous.

sexton, n. janitor (of a church), sacristan, sacrist.

sexual desire. lust, venereal appetite, sexual appetite, carnal appetite, lasciviousness, venery, concupiscence, salacity, salaciousness, aphrodisia; satyriasis (immoderate); nymphomania (morbid in women); (of animals) oestrus, rut, heat, oestruation. Antonym: anaphrodisia. Associated Words: aphrodisiac, antaphrodisiac, anaphrodisiac, aphrodisiacal, amative, amativeness, amorous, amorousness, amatory, antiorgastic, philter, oestrual, sedative, erotic, erotomania, sadism, satyromaniac.

sexual intercourse. coition, copulation, venery, sexual conjunction; (illicit) fornication, bawdry; prostitution, putage; adultery; incest; rape; (unnatural) sodomy, buggery, pederasty; (of birds) tread. Antonyms: continence, chastity, virginity. Associated Words: venereal, incontinence, incontinent, unchastity, copulatory, gonorrhea, clap, syphilis, cenogamy, infibulation, intromittent, access, nonaccess, orgasm, fecundation, impregnate, impregnation, copulate, lecher, lechery, lecherous, libertine, libertinism, house of assignation, bawd, procurer, bawdry, pander, catamite.

sexual love. venery, amorousness, amativeness.

sexual organs. genitals, privates, private parts, organs of generation, pudenda, virilia; (male) penis, testicles; (female external) vulva, pudendum; (internal) womb, uterus, ovaries, vagina, clitoris. Associated Words: agamic, agamous, protandric, protandrism, nympha, maidenhead, pudic, pubes, spermatheca, gonad, masturbation, infibulation.

sexual power. virility; fecundity. Associated Word: emasculate.

sexual weakness. (male) impotency, sexual debility, invirility, emasculation, eviration; (female) sterility, defemination, infecundity.

shabby, a. seedy, threadbare, tacky (Colloq.); mean, despicable, scurvy, contemptible.

shack, n. (Colloq.) vagabond, tramp, loafer; hut, shanty, hovel, cabin.

shackle, n. handcuff, manacle, fetter.

shackle, v. manacle, hamper, fetter; impede, trammel.

shade, n. umbrage, shadow; pl. darkness, obscurity, gloom, shadows; retreat, seclusion; screen, protection, curtain, awning, blind; spirit, ghost, specter, phantom, manes; minute difference, variation, nuance.

shade, v. screen; obscure, dim, obfuscate, cloud, darken, eclipse.

shadow, n. shade, darkness, penumbra, adumbration; prefiguration. Associated Words: sciagraphy, sciomachy, periscian, silhouette, sciomancy.

shadow, v. shade, screen; adumbrate, typify, symbolize; cloud, obscure.

shadowy, a. unsubstantial, visionary, illusory, chimerical.

shady, a. umbrageous, shadowy, umbriferous; sheltered, screened; (Colloq.) equivocal, questionable, corrupt.

shaft, n. arrow, spear, missile; column, obelisk; handle, helve; spire, pinnacle; pole, tongue, thill; axis.

shake, v. agitate, jar, jolt, convulse, concuss, jounce, dodder, tremble, trill, shiver, totter, joggle, jiggle, wave, vibrate, shudder.

shake, n. jar, shivering, jolt, shaking, shudder.

shaking, n. concussion, agitation, disturbance, trembling, convulsion.

shaky, a. trembling, shaking; (Colloq.) unsound, tottering.

shallow, a. shoal; superficial, frivolous, senseless.

sham, n. pretense, feint, delusion, imposition, mockery, fraud, imitation, dissimulation, simulation.

sham, a. counterfeit, spurious, pretended, dummy, unreal false, mock, simulated.

sham, v. feign, pretend, imitate, personate, dissimulate.

shame, n. ignominy, dishonor, reproach, derision, contempt discredit, opprobrium, scandal, disgrace, obloquy; mortification, abashment, humiliation, discomfiture; modesty, decency.

shame, v. humiliate, mortify, disconcert; disgrace, degrade; mock, deride, ridicule.

shamefaced, a. bashful, diffident, modest.

shameful, a. indecent, immodest, obscene; scandalous, disgraceful, reproachful, ignominious, infamous, flagitious, disreputable, vile, opprobrious.

shameless, a. immodest, unabashed, indelicate, indecent, unblushing, audacious, brazen-faced, abandoned, graceless.

shammy, n. chamois.

shanty, n. hut, hovel, shack.

shape, v. form, mould, fashion, frame; adjust, regulate, design, plan, arrange.

shape, n. form, figure, guise, appearance.

shapeless, a. misshapen, unsymmetrical, unshapely, formless, amorphous.

shapely, a. symmetrical, well-formed, comely, well-proportioned.

share, v. apportion, divide; partake, participate in.

share, n. portion, allotment, quota, dole, proportion, contingent, dividend.

sharer, n. participator, partaker; divider, distributor.

shark, n. (Colloq.) sharper, trickster, cheat, swindler; fraud, trickery.

sharp, a. pointed, trenchant, incisive, keen; poignant, piercing, acute, penetrating, severe, excruciating, intense, subtile, violent; biting, sarcastic, acrimonious, acrid, cutting; sagacious, clever, perspicacious, ingenious, bright, discerning, resourceful, astute, shrewd, apt, smart, long-headed, acuminous; fierce, fiery, unquenchable, eager; exacting, close; steep, abrupt, precipitous; pungent, piquant peppery, high-seasoned: shrill, piercing; peaked, ridged.

sharpen, v. intensify, aggravate, quicken; hone, grind, point, whet.

sharpening stone. whetstone, hone, oilstone, grindstone, abradant.

sharper, n. trickster, swindler, knave, cheat, extortioner, blackleg.

sharpness, n. keenness, poignancy, acuity, acuteness, edge; asperity, acrimony, impatience; acumen, sagacity, shrewdness, astuteness, aptness; pungency, piquancy.

sharp practice. trickery, chicanery.

sharp-sighted, a. eagle-eyed, acute, perspicacious, argus-eyed.

shatter, v. shiver, demolish; disorder, derange.

shave, n. shaving; spokeshave, drawshave.

sheath, n. case, scabbard; covering.

shed, v. diffuse, emit, radiate, spread; cast, exuviate, moult, mew, discard; doff.

shed, n. outhouse, lean-to, shack, shanty.

shedding, n. (skins, shells, etc.) exuviation, ecdysis, moulting.

she-devil, n. Jezebel, fury, virago, termagant.

sheen, n. shine, luster, gloss, brightness, splendor.

sheep, n. Ovis, Ovis aries; (male) ram, buck; (female) ewe; (young) lamb, eanling; (castrated ram) wether; (leader of the flock) bellwether; hoggerel, hogget. Associated Words: bleat, braxy, gid, mutton, flock, ovine, shepherd, shepherdess, cosset, raddle, yean, ean, lowbell, abigeat, sheepcote, fold.

sheep-dog, n. collie, shepherd dog.

sheepish, a. bashful, shy, over-modest.

sheepskin, n. sheep-pelt, pelt, woolfell; roan; (Cant) diploma. Associated Words: fellmonger, woolpuller, skiver, budge.

sheer, a. thin; unadulterated, pure, unmixed; precipitous, abrupt, perpendicular.

shelf, n. mantel, mantelpiece; bracket, console; ledge, shallow, shoal; banquette.

shell, n. shuck, putamen; test, testa, episperm, spermoderm. Associated Words: scleroid, enucleate, enucleation, inenucleable.

shell, n. armature, case, exoskeleton, shale; carapace, plastron; cockle, conch, periwinkle, cowrie, whelk, mitre shell, abilone shell; exuviae (cast-off); conchite (fossil). Associated Words: conchology, conchologist, malacology, testaceous, cockled, mollusk, conchiferous, conchiform conchometer, conchometry, crustacean, exuvial, exuviate, exuviation, Loricata, bivalve, multivalve, univalve.

shell, n. framework; bomb, torpedo, shrapnel, grenade.

shell, v. hull, shuck, shale, enucleate; bombard, besiege.

shellfish, n. pl. Mollusks, Mollusca, Testacea.

shell money. wampum, hiagua, peag, colcol, kopkops, seawan, suckanhock.

shelter, n. protection, screen, cover, shield, defense, covert, security, lee; asylum, refuge, retreat, haven, sanctuary.

shelter, v. shield, protect, defend, screen, ensconce, cover. Antonym: expose.

sheltered, a. protected, covert.

shepherd, n. pastor, pastoralist. Associated Words: bucolic, pastoral, staff, crook.

shibboleth, n. watchword, party cry.

shield, n. aegis, buckler, escutcheon, scutcheon, pavise, scutum; defense, protection, palladium, bulwark, safeguard. Associated Words: scutal, bouche.

shield, v. defend, protect, safeguard; ward off, repel.

shield-shaped, a. thyroid.

shift, v. veer, change, turn; quirk, quibble, palter; change, substitute.

shift, n. subterfuge, device, contrivance, evasion, stratagem, trick, dodge; resource, expedient, change, substitution; chemise.

shifting, a. unstable, variable, changeable.

shiftless, a. improvident, unthrifty, thriftless, wasteful. Antonyms: thrifty, industrious.

shilly-shally, adv. irresolutely, hesitatingly.

shilly-shally, n. hesitation, irresolution, indecision, vacillation, wavering, trifling, evasion, dalliance.

shilly-shally, v. hesitate, waver, trifle, dally, vacillate, dodge, be irresolute.

shin, n. shank.

shindy, n. (Slang) uproar, disturbance, riot, row; hockey; liking, fancy.

shine, v. beam, radiate, gleam, irradiate, glisten, glow, glitter, flare, glare; excel, surpass; polish.

shine, n. luster, polish, gloss, sheen, radiance, resplendence, brilliancy, lucency, glaze.

shine, n. (Slang) liking, fancy; caper, antic, dido.

shining, a. radiant, beaming, lustrous, luminous, glowing, brilliant, lucent, bright, sleek, glazed, glistening, splendent, resplendent, glossy, shiny; conspicuous, noticeable.

shining between. interlucent.

shining round. circumfulgent.

ship, n. vessel. Associated Words: barratry, hypothecate, hypothecation.

ship, v. transport; deport; (Colloq.) dismiss, send away.

shipbuilder, n. shipwright.

shipment, n. shipping, transportation; consignment.

ship mortgage. bottomry, hypothecation.

shipping, n. shipment, transportation; navigation.

shipwreck, n. wreckage; disaster, destruction, ruin, subversion, miscarriage. Associated Words: salvage, flotsam, jetsam, derelict, jettison.

shipwrecked person. castaway.

shirk, v. avoid, evade, neglect.

shirt, n. smock, chemise, shift, tunic, camise.

shiver, n. splinter, sliver; shivering, tremor, horripilation.

shoal, n. shallow, sandbank, bar.—a. shallow.

shock, v. dismay, horrify, appall, terrify, frighten; stook; astound, stun, paralyze, scandalize, outrage, offend.

shock, n. impact, blow, collision, concussion, onset, brunt, clash, percussion; stroke, blow; stook, hattock.

shocking, a. scandalous, appalling, offensive, outrageous, heinous, dire.

shod, p.p. and a. calced, calceated.

shoddy, a. (Colloq.) sham, spurious, mock.

shoddy, n. rag wool, mungo.

shoe, n. boot, balmoral, Goodyear welt, clog, sock, buskin, sandal, slipper, creedmore, Creole, stogy, chopine, brogan, blucher, bottine, moccasin, oxford, sabot, pump, cracowes, poulaine, racket.

shoemaker, n. crispin, cordwainer (Archaic).

shoe mender. cobbler.

shoe mending. cobbling.

shoestring, n. shoelace, latchet.

shoot, n. chute, shute, flume, channel.

shoot, n. tiller, sucker, sprout, offshoot, chit, twig, scion.

shoot, v. discharge, fire; eject, hurl, emit, ejaculate; protrude, project, extend, jut; germinate, sprout; penetrate, dart; fusillade; tiller.

shooting, a. darting, piercing.

shop, n. workshop, factory; store; warehouse; atelier, studio.

shore, n. beach, coast, strand, marge. Associated Words: littoral, circumlittoral, limicoline, shingle, beached.

shore, v. prop, brace, buttress, support, stay.

shorn, a. sheared, clipped; divested, deprived, fleeced.

short, a. brief, contracted, terse, concise, condensed, sententious, laconic, succinct, summary, epigrammatic, pithy; limited, inadequate, insufficient, deficient, scanty; abrupt, curt, uncivil; lacking, shy, unsupplied; crisp, friable, brittle. Antonyms: diffuse, prolix, long.

shortage, n. deficiency, insufficiency, inadequacy, deficit, ullage. Antonyms: See surplus.

short-billed, a. brevirostral, brevirostrate.

shortcoming, n. defect, imperfection, fault, foible, failure.

shorten, v. abridge, abbreviate, curtail, reduce, epitomize, contract, retrench, condense, diminish; limit, restrict, restrain, confine, circumscribe; dock, lop.

shortening, n. abbreviation, abridgment, contraction, curtailment, reduction, retrenchment.

shorthand, n. phonography, stenography.

short-headed, a. brachycephalous.

short-legged, a. breviped.

short-lived, a. ephemeral, mushroom, transitory.

shortness, n. brevity, briefness, conciseness, laconism, inadequacy, deficiency, insufficiency, shortage, deficit.

short-sighted, a. myopic, near-sighted; unwise, impudent, indiscreet.

short-sightedness, n. myopia, near-sightedness; unwisdom, imprudence, indiscretion.

short-sighted person. myope.

short-winged, a. brevipennate.

shot, n. discharge; projectile, bullet, ball; marksman; range, reach.

shoulder, n. Associated Words: epaulet, shrug, espauliere, scapular, scapulary, baldric, infrascapular, omagra.

shoulder, v. jostle, push; assume, bear.

shoulder blade. scapula, omoplate.

shout, n. vociferation, halloo, outcry, call, hoot, clamor, acclamation.

shout, v. vociferate, yell, halloo, call, clamor, acclaim.

show, n. exposure, exhibition, exposition, demonstration, representation; display, spectacle, ostentation, parade, pomp, flourish, splurge, pageantry, splendor: appearance, semblance; pretense, puppetry, speciousness, simulation.

show, v. exhibit, present, display, uncover, reveal, disclose, manifest, divulge, evince, proclaim; direct, guide, usher, conduct; demonstrate, explain, expound, exemplify; indicate, signify.

showing, n. demonstration, exhibition, presentation, revelation, disclosure, exposition, manifestation; direction, guidance, ushering; explanation, expounding, illustration, interpretation, indication, exemplification. Associated Words: ostensive, ostensible, exhibiting, expository.

showy, a. spectacular, pageant, ostentatious, pompous; garish, gaudy, meretricious, gorgeous, flashy, bedizened, gay, conspicuous, tinsel. Antonyms: inconspicuous, modest, unostentatious, quiet, subdued.

shred, n. fragment, tatter, rag, strip, frazzle.

shrew, n. scold, brawler, termagant, vixen, virago, Xantippe.

shrewd, a. astute, sharp; cunning, crafty, wily, artful, long-headed.

shrewdness, n. acumen, astuteness, sharpness, long-headedness.

shrewish, a. vixenish, termagant, brawling, clamorous.

shriek, n. screech, yell, scream.

shrill, a. piercing, acute, strident.

shrink, v. contract, shrivel, decrease, dwindle; flinch, recoil, blench, wince, winch.

shrinkage, n. contraction; (Colloq.) depreciation.

shrinking, a. coy, shy, diffident, bashful, modest, retiring.

shroud, n. winding-sheet, grave-clothes, cerements.

shroud, v. mask, screen, cloak, conceal.

shrub, n. bush; pl. shrubbery, thicket, boscage, bosket.

shuck, n. shell, husk, pod, shale.—v. shell, enucleate.

shudder, n. tremor.—v. tremble, shake, shiver, quake.

shuffle, v. jumble, intermix; equivocate, prevaricate, quibble, shift; shamble.

shuffle, n. artifice, evasion, prevarication, trick, sophism, ruse.

shun, v. avoid, elude, evade, eschew.

shut, v. close; debar, exclude, preclude; (shut up) confine, imprison, coop up, incarcerate, immure.

shy, a. timid, coy, backward, retiring, diffident, wary, cautious; (Slang) short, lacking.

shyness, n. diffidence, coyness, timidity, bashfulness.

shyster, n. (Slang) knave, impostor, rogue, cheat.

sick, a. ill, unwell, ailing, indisposed, diseased, morbid; nauseated, queasy, squeamish, qualmish; disgusted, surfeited, weary, palled, satiated.

sick, v. sick on, incite, urge.

sicken, v. nauseate, disgust, pall, surfeit, decay, languish.

sickening, a. nauseating, disgusting, fulsome, nauseous, revolting.

sickle-shaped, a. falcate, falcated.

sickly, a. invalid, unwell, unhealthy, ailing; unwholesome; pale, languid, haggard, puny, peaked.

sickness, n. illness, malady, ailment, complaint, disorder, distemper, morbidity, indisposition, invalidism, disease. Associated words: morbidity, morbific, malinger, malingerer, malingery, decumbiture, convalescent, convalescence, relapse, malaise, clinic.

sickness of stomach. nausea, qualm, qualmishness.

side, n. flank; faction, sect, party. Associated Words: lateral, laterality, laterally, collateral, bilateral, equilateral, quadrilateral, longilateral, lopsided, multilateral, perimeter, ambidexter, ambidextrous, ambidexterity.

side, a. lateral, collateral, incidental.

side by side. in apposition. Associated Words: apposition, juxtaposition, juxtapose, juxtaposit.

side dish. entree, entremets.

sidehill, n. descent, declivity, decline, slope.

sidelong, a. lateral, oblique.

sidesman, n. partisan.

sidetrack, v. shunt; (Colloq.) switch off, divert.

sideways, adv., sidewise, askance, obliquely, laterally.

sidewise, adv., sideways, askance.

siding, n. sidetrack, turnout; clapboards, weatherboarding.

siege, n. investment, blockade, besiegement. Associated Words: obsidional, besiege, beleaguer, obsess, obsession, beset.

Siena marble. brocatel.

sieve, n. strainer, sifter, bolt, bolter, riddle, tammis, tammy.

sievelike, a. cribrate, cribrose, cribriform.

sift, v. bolt, cribble, riddle; investigate.

sifting, n. bolting; (Pharm.) cribration; investigation.

sigh, n. suspiration.—v. suspire.

sight, n. vision; seeing, view, perception; visibility; spectacle, phenomenon, panorama, vista, gapeseed, cynosure; (Colloq.) great number, many, multitude, great quantity. Associated Words: optics, optical, optic, ocular, optician, caligo, astigmatism, perimeter, perimetry, amaurosis, visual, visualize, apparition.

sightly, a. comely, attractive, handsome.

sign, n. omen, auspice, portent, prodigy, prognostic, augury, foretoken, presage; mark, token, indication, symptom, index, emblem, symbol; trace, vestige, ensign, signal, beacon; gesture, motion; signature. Associated Words: ominous, portentous, augurial, semeiology, semeiological, sematology, semiotic, semeiography.

sign, v. signify, mark, indicate, betoken; subscribe.

signal, n. sign, ensign, beacon. Associated Word: pharology.

signal, a. memorable, remarkable, noticeable, notable.

signature, n. autograph, sign-manual. Associated Word: signatory.

signer, n. subscriber, signatory.

significance, n. meaning, import; consequence, importance, force.

significant, a. momentous, important; indicative, significative. Antonyms: insignificant, unimportant, meaningless.

signification, n. meaning, import, acceptation, sense.

signify, v. indicate, betoken, denote; mean; matter.

silence, n. stillness, quietness; taciturnity, muteness, reserve; secrecy.

silence, v. still, hush, quiet, suppress, lull, quell, appease.

silent, a. still, quiet, noiseless, inaudible; taciturn, reserved, mute; quiescent.

silkworms, n. pl. Associated Words: sericulture, mulberry, cocoon, filature, cocoonery, bombic, bombyx, filator, muscardine.