SPAIN, two political systems confront each other at Madrid, 169; both reduced to impotence by Madame des Ursins, 169; Gibraltar torn away for ever from Spain by a handful of British seamen, 187; defenceless state of the country, 187; necessary to have almost an army in each province, 199; the last remnant of the army surrenders without fighting, 199; the aim of the Great Alliance, 205; solves by her own efforts the great question which had kept Europe so long in arms, 262; called upon alone to pay the costs of the pacification (Treaty of Utrecht), 267.

SWIFT, Dean, covers the Duchess of Marlborough with ridicule and obloquy, 234; represents her in print as a pickpocket, 243.

TESSE, Marshal de, commands in Spain, 191; a cunning courtier but mediocre general, 197.

TORCY, Marquis de (Prime Minister of Louis XIV.), favours the candidature of Madame des Ursins, 145; his confidence in her, 152; a copy of Madame des Ursins' annotated letter sent him, 179.

TORIES, the, ousted by the Whigs, 218; their dismissal demanded by the Queen's favourite, 219; with Harley and Bolingbroke at their head they work in the dark to regain power, 219; set up Mrs. Masham to oppose and undermine the influence of the favourite, 224; they foster the Queen's grief at the bloodshed in the Low Countries, 235; dwell upon the odious tyranny of the Duchess of Marlborough, and promise to deliver Anne from it, 236; the Whigs replaced by Bolingbroke, Harley, Earl of Jersey, and the Dukes of Ormonde and Shrewsbury, 242.

TURENNE, Marshal de, his error in attacking Conde without his entire force, 7; rivals Conde in boldness and obstinacy, 8; his frigid, reflective, and profoundly dissembling character, 22; carefully conciliated and caressed by Mazarin, 24; made Governor of Auvergne, and the Viscounty of Turenne erected into a principality, 24; his wager on the subject of Churchill's gallantry, 211.

URSINS (Orsini), Marie Anne de la Tremouille-Noirmoutier, Princess de, untoward result of the dramatic vicissitudes of a life devoted to the pursuit of political power, 131; married to the Prince de Chalais, 132; joins her husband in Spain, whither he had fled from the consequences of a duel, 133; first meeting with Madame Scarron, 133; left a childless widow on her arrival in Rome, 133; the attention of Louis XIV. directed to her wit and capacity, 134; she marries, with a political purpose, the Duke de Bracciano, 134; her mode of life and career at Rome, 134; character of the Duke, 135; untoward misunderstandings arise through her extravagances, 136; the passion for politics and power obtains mastery over her mind, 137; the Orsini in some sort a sacerdotal family, 137; dogmatic questions prove a stumbling block to conjugal harmony, 138; forms a close intimacy with the Marechale de Noailles, 138; her varied resources appreciated by the minister Torcy, 138; presented to Madame de Maintenon on visiting Versailles, 138; reconciled to her husband, the Duke, on his death-bed, 139; is highly esteemed by the cabinet of Versailles, 140; wins over Innocent XI. to favour the pretensions of the Duke d'Anjou, 141; she aspires to govern Spain, 142; manoeuvres to secure the post of camerara-mayor, 142; the art and caution with which she negotiates with the Marechale de Noailles, 143; the astute programme traced by her for de Torcy, 145; naive expression of delight at her success, 146; sets forth regally equipped to conduct the Princess of Savoy to her husband, 148; enters upon her militant career at an advanced age, 148; entirely possessed by her painstaking ambition, 149; enters upon her new mission with zeal, ardour, and activity, more than virile, 149; truly devoted to Spain, without failing in her devotion to France, 152; wages a determined war against the Inquisition, 152; seeks to establish her power by masking it, 152; first meets Maria Louise, of Savoy, at Villefranche, 153; makes herself acceptable to the young Queen, 153; her wrath and stupefaction at the French dishes being upset, 159; installed definitively as camerara-mayor at Madrid, 160; onerous and incongruous duties of the post, 162; her policy of keeping to herself sole access to the King and Queen, 163; sacrifices her dignity to her power and influence, 163; by familiarising the Queen with politics, she penetrates every state secret, 164; renders the Queen popular among the people of central Spain, 164; her wise policy for the regeneration of Spain, 165; reduces both the ultra-French and purely Spanish political systems to impotence, 169; fathoms the intrigues and baffles the manoeuvres of Melgar, 170; Louville succumbs to her, 171; Porto-Carrero tenders his resignation, 172; Cardinal d'Estrees her tool without knowing it, 173; the Cardinal's cabal "rakes into her private life," 173; the Queen defends her with earnest importunity, 174; holds the Abbe d'Estrees in contempt, 176; the intercepted letter and its marginal note, 176; makes a false step in her statecraft, 176; the blunder leads to a great imbroglio, 177; did she always use her influence over the young Queen in a purely disinterested way? 177; at the age of sixty still had lovers, 177; her relations with d'Aubigny, her equerry, 178; gallantry and l'entetement de sa personne, St. Simon asserts to be her overwhelming weakness, 178; she rashly resents the accusation of her marriage with d'Aubigny, 179; nicely balances Louis XIV.'s power in his grandson's Court, 180; her egotistic and impatient ambition, 181; the stately haughtiness of her submission to Louis XIV., 181; her adroit flattery of Madame de Maintenon, 182; quits Madrid as a state criminal for Italy, 184; permitted to take up her abode at Toulouse, 184; her artful letters and politic conduct, 185; receives permission to appear at Versailles and justify herself, 186; the triumph of her restoration suddenly transforms her into "a court divinity," 188; she affects to be in no hurry to return to Spain, 189; procures the admission of d'Aubigny into the cabinets of Louis XIV. and Madame de Maintenon, 190; authorised to form her ministry, 191; her return to Spain prepared by the arrest of Leganez, 191; she triumphs at Versailles, 192; her lively appreciation of Louis XIV.'s mental qualities, 192; the question of the prospect of her replacing Madame de Maintenon, 193; Louis XIV. seduced both by her grace and talent, 193; turns all things to her advantage through her lucid common sense, 194; returns to Spain strengthened by disgrace, 194; determines to break up the cabal of the grandees, 195; foils the underhanded opposition of the high aristocracy, 196; triumphs on the very brink of a volcano, 197; nothing more honourable to her memory than her letters at this period of disaster, 200; by speeches, letters, and overtures, she consolidates the King's authority in Old Castile, 200; one of the most vigorous instruments ever made use of by Providence, 201; she flatters Madame de Maintenon about St. Cyr, 201; suffering from rheumatism and a painful affection of her sight, acts in the capacity of field-marshal to the Queen, 202; her courage allied with good temper, amiability and beau sang, 203; her wretched quarters at Burgos, 203; her temperament contrasted with that of Madame de Maintenon, 204; her delicate and perilous position, 253; overcomes Montellano and the friends of the old system, 253; distrusts the Duke of Orleans, but remains on the best footing with him, 255; opposes his policy, demands his recall and obtains it, 255; has to choose between the French policy of Louis XIV. and the Spanish policy of Philip V., 257; the young Queen appeals touchingly to her attachment and courage, 257; resolves to remain upon the theatre of events, 258; throws herself headlong into the melee, 258; reproaches Madame de Maintenon for preferring the King's case to his honour, 258; inspires Philip V. with an energy truly worthy of the throne, 259; places herself at the head of the national movement, 259; flatters alike the democracy and the grandees by throwing Philip into the arms of the Spaniards, 260; in deference to popular sensibilities she sacrifices Amelot and Orry, 261; implores that Vendome might be sent to command the Spanish forces, 261; the victory of Villaviciosa definitely seats the Bourbons on the throne of Spain, 262; sees her steadfast policy crowned by accomplished facts, 262; receives the title of HIGHNESS, 262; her share in the treaty of Utrecht, 264; her perseverance unexampled both in idea and conduct, 264; undismayed by reverses, never intoxicated by success, 264; her letters to Madame de Maintenon assume a somewhat protective tone, 265; at this culminating point of her greatness a humiliating catastrophe is impending, 265; the measures taken by her to consolidate the power of Philip V., 266; the question of the erection of a territory into a sovereignty for her, 266; she is overwhelmed with reproaches on all sides, 267; this check the first of a series of misfortunes which death alone closed, 267; Marie Louise, of Savoy, dies suddenly, 267; what mysteries did the Medina-Coeli palace witness? 268; the loss of her royal mistress the remote signal which heralded her fall, 268; she destroys with her own hands the structure of her individual fortunes, 268; she imprudently attacks the Spanish inquisition, 269; fails in the attempt and creates a host of enemies, 269; Louis XIV. has a grudge against her for delaying the signature of the Treaty of Utrecht, 269; the storm darkens thickly over her head, 270; she consults Alberoni on the choice of Elizabeth Farnese as consort of Philip V., 270; Alberoni deceives her in the representation of the Princess of Parma's character, 270; by Alberoni's first move Madame de Ursini's game was lost, 271; she finds herself friendless in Spain, 272; she neglects to conciliate her enemies, 272; suspicious jealousy of domination over Philip V., 273; scandal of the construction of the secret corridor in the palace, 273; her error in not renouncing the idea of the principality, 275; Lord Lexington signs a convention with her in which Queen Anne "engaged to secure her a sovereignty," 277; Madame de Maintenon divines her concealed project, 277; sends d'Aubigny secretly to France to negotiate with Torcy, 278; her proud feeling of returning to France as a sovereign princess, 278; her towering rage on hearing of the repudiation of the convention by Queen Anne, 279; she believes herself tricked by the English, 279; despatches d'Aubigny to Utrecht, 280; selects a more important personage to continue the negotiations—the Baron de Capres, 281; the delay in the conclusion of the general peace imputed to her, 282; Madame de Maintenon's letter to her on that subject, 282; hitherto so noble-minded, she is no longer comprehensible throughout this affair, 283; nothing left but to give way; and the Treaty is signed unconditionally, 284; her mortification at the failure of her pretensions, 284; the Court of France is turned against her, 284; she is addressed harshly and laconically by Madame de Maintenon, 284; the Duke of Berwick proves unfriendly, 284; she keeps Philip V. from all private audience, and scandal becomes again busy with her name, 285; an anecdote circulated throughout the French world of fashion—the pendant of "Oh! pour mariee, non!" 285; Philip grows wearied of the complaints, murmurs, and idle talk, 286; his exclamation "Find me a wife! our tete-a-tetes scandalise the people," 286; her difficulties in the choice of a consort for Philip, 287-289; selects Elizabeth Farnese, 289; her uneasiness at the contradictory reports of the Princess of Parma's character, 290; she attempts too late to break off the match, 291; that unskilful and tardy opposition prepares her ruin, 291; her prompt, cruel, and decisive disgrace, 291; her meeting with Elizabeth Farnese at Xadraque, 292; the Queen outrageously thrusts Madame des Ursins out of her cabinet, orders her to be arrested and instantaneously conveyed to the French frontiers, 293; her sufferings during the mid-winter journey, 293; her touching relation to Madame de Maintenon, 293; in her seventy-second year she sustains the strength and constancy of her character, 294; recovers all her strength, sang-froid, and wonted equanimity, 295; her just estimate of human instability, 295; St. Simon's impressive narrative of the terrible night of her rude expulsion (December 24th, 1714), 295; the hard fate reserved for a woman—the founder of a dynasty and liberator of a great kingdom, 295; the active correspondence of her numerous enemies both at Versailles and Madrid, 296; her hopes of returning to the Spanish Court frustrated, 296; the Queen leaves her letters unanswered, 296; Philip declares himself "unable to refuse the maintenance of the measure taken at the instance of the Queen," 296; Louis XIV. is compelled to be guided by the decision of his grandson, 296; Madame de Maintenon replies by evasive compliments, 296; she perceives that all is at an end as regarded her resumption of power, 296; arrives in Paris and is coldly received by Louis XIV., 296; she quits France and once more fixes her abode in Rome, 297; attaches herself to the fortunes of Prince James Stuart, the Pretender, and does the honours of his house, 297; her death at fourscore and upwards, 297; who were the real authors of the Princess's disgrace? 297; her political life in Spain characterized, 301; the difference arising from the respective characters of Madame des Ursins and Madame de Maintenon, 301; summary of her life and character, 303; St. Simon's elaborate portrait of the Princess, 304; his remark—"She reigned in Spain, and her history deserves to be written," 305; its lesson—the fruitlessness of the devotion of a most gifted woman's life to the pursuit of politics, 306.

VENDOME, Caesar, Duke de, blockades Bordeaux, 14; is made High Admiral and State Minister by Mazarin, 21; pursues the Spanish fleet and threatens the relics of the Fronde at Bordeaux, 21.

VENDOME, Louis Joseph, Duke de (son of Caesar), his victory at Villaviciosa, 262; it definitely seats the Bourbons on the throne of Spain, 262.

VINEUIL, M. de, proves a dangerous emissary in Conde's courtship of "the Queen of Hearts," Madame de Chatillon, 5; Madame de Montbazon, Madame de Mouy, and the Princess of Wurtemberg, successively experience the effects of his seduction, 5.

WAR OF THE SPANISH SUCCESSION, the more immediate circumstances that brought it about, 128; Charles II. consults Innocent XI., and secretly bequeaths his crown to the Duke d'Anjou, 142.

WHIGS, the, Queen Anne's feeling towards that party purely official, 206; they labour to secure the adhesion of Lady Churchill, 207; they triumph in the first struggle, 218; they eject Mansel, Harley, and Bolingbroke, 218; they reckon amongst their ranks Marlborough, Godolphin, Walpole, the army, public opinion, and parliament, 218; the fall of the Ministry through disunion in itself, 233; Dr. Sacheverel's affair contributes to ruin the Whigs in the Queen's favour, 234; the disgrace of the Duchess involves the fall of the Whigs, 242.



THE END.

BRADBURY AGNEW & CO., PRINTERS, WHITFERIARS.



Transcriber's Note Closing quotes are missing for the sentences beginning with: Page 44: "It was not a Tartuffe, it was not a Pantaloon Page 120: "that great freedom of speech prevailed in her circle, Page 231: "to put an end to those controversies, and to avoid The following changes were made to the original text [correction in brackets]: Page 83: difficulties, sometimes on horsback [horseback], at Page 94: a neigbouring [neighbouring] town to that in which he Page 147: from the King in addition to the high favonr[favour] and Page 181: The Cardinal d'Estrees [d'Estrees] was desirous Page 187: of women, Louis XIV. had an insuperable antipathy,[.] It Page 269: driven him to such extremity,[.] Besides, just then his Page 318: writes to the Abbe d'Estrees[d'Estrees] touching the Page 323: the household of of[omitted] his sister-in-law, Page 323: to a coup d'etat against Mad. des Ursins, 297[291]; Page 327: trimphs[triumphs] on the very brink of a volcano, 197; Page 328: her hopes of returning to the Spansh[Spanish] Court

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