A three-armed wrench is also required for the Parrott, Schenkl, and Hotchkiss fuzes, all of which differ.

Two to be allowed to each shell-room.

RIGGING STOPPERS.

247. Standing rigging, when stranded or shot away, is most readily and effectually secured for the moment by using stoppers composed of two small dead-eyes, fitted with double selvagee tails and lanyards, of sizes suitable to the rigging, whether lower or topmast. These are to be fitted on board ship, and set up by means of pendant-tackles or jiggers, as the case may require.

HARNESS-CASKS FOR BOATS.

248. For expeditions, the launches and first cutters of all vessels are each to be provided with a week's supply of pork, sufficient for all the boats' crews of the ship, kept in quarter barrels or kegs, adapted to the form of the boat and to convenient stowage.

ACCOUTREMENTS FOR CAPTAINS OF GUNS, BOARDERS, AND SMALL-ARMS MEN.

249. WAIST-BELTS, to be made of buff leather—grained leather becomes stiff and horny when exposed to the sea-air—two inches wide, and from forty to forty-four inches long; a pattern buckle has been adopted.

The same belt is used by Captains of guns and boarders, as well as by small-arms men and the crews of field-howitzers; the frogs and boxes to hold the arms and ammunition being fitted with loops to slip on and off the belt as circumstances require, and in the following order:

1st and 2d Captains of guns, and of field and boat howitzers, wear the primer-box in front; if they are boarders, the sword on the left and the pistol-frog on the right hip. These equipments, consequently, will be slid on towards the loop end of the belt, in the order just named.

Other boarders, and guns' crews of howitzers when used as field-guns, wear their arms, as in the preceding case, without the primer-box.

Men armed with muskets, and acting on shore, will wear musket cartridge-boxes, fitted with frog and scabbard for bayonet on the waist-belt.

Men who may be armed with carbines on shore duty will wear cartridge-boxes with waist-belts. For boat duty, or when armed with pistols and swords, they will wear the waist-belt with the proper frog and boxes.

250. Instead of the sword-frog, the sword scabbards of Admiral D.D. Porter's pattern are fitted with a loop to slide on the waist-belt. This scabbard also dispenses with the brass mountings, which are replaced by leather ones. The whole is fastened by copper rivets, instead of being sewed.

251. PRIMER-BOXES, of black bridle leather, rectangular in form, and of the size to contain, loosely, the tin packing-box. Flap covering the top and front with a button-hole strap one inch in width, sewed near the bottom: brass button riveted to the bottom of the box. Loop, two inches wide, placed upright on the back of the box for the waist-belt to pass through.

252. PISTOL-FROG—buff leather—wide enough at the mouth to cover the cock of the pistol, and at the lower part to accommodate the stock; upper part of the back of it turned down to form a loop large enough to admit the waist-belt. The stitches forming the side seams not to come nearer than 0.25 inch from the edges of the leather. To be worn on right hip.

Pocket—thin bridle leather—to contain three cartridges; flap, tongue, and loop.

Cap-pocket, like the cartridge-pocket; lining, a strip of sheepskin with the wool on, glued with fish-glue and sewed to the back at the mouth of the pocket.

These two pockets are of the same depth, and occupy the whole breadth of the pistol-frog.

253. THUMBSTALLS, of buckskin, with hair-stuffed pad, and thongs for the wrist.

254. MUSKET CARTRIDGE-BOX—black bridle leather—length, 7.2 inches; width, 1.6 inch; depth in front, 5.8 inches; inner cover—upper leather—4 inches wide, with end pieces sewed to it so as to cover the ends of the box; flap—harness leather—8.5 inches wide at the bottom, 8 inches at top, stamped U.S.N. in an oval on the outside; a button-hole strap, sewed near the bottom; brass button riveted to the bottom of the box; loop—bridle leather—with a hole in the middle to hook the shoulder-belt to, sewed to the back of the box for the waist-belt to pass through.

Cap-pocket—light upper leather—sewed to the front of the box; length, 4-1/2; depth, 2-1/2 inches; flap, tongue, and loop—bridle leather; lining, a strip of sheepskin with the wool on, 1.5 inch wide, glued with fish-glue and sewed at the mouth of the pocket; pocket for ball-screw and wiper sewed on the right, and for cone-key and cone-pick on the left of the cap-pocket.

Two tin linings, each with a lower division, 3 inches by 3.3 inches, open in front, to contain a bundle of ten cartridges, and two bundles of caps containing 25 each, packed in water-proof paper. Each tin has also two upper divisions, 2.7 inches deep—one of 2 inches by 1.35 inch for six cartridges; the other, 1.35 inch square, for four cartridges. The edges of the tins are turned over and soldered down, to prevent them from cutting the fingers.

All the tin linings should be made to slide freely in the boxes.

255. CARBINE CARTRIDGE-BOX.—The leather parts are like those of the musket cartridge-box; length, 6.4 inches; depth in front, 3.7 inches; width, 1.3 inch; inner cover, 3.5 inches wide; flap, 6.6 inches wide at top, 6.8 at bottom, 6 deep. Tin linings; two lower divisions, 2 inches deep, 2.9 inches long, 1.2 wide; five upper divisions, 1.2 inch wide by 1.15 inch long, and 1.5 inch deep, to contain forty cartridges, those below in bundles of water-proof paper.

256. CONE-PICK of steel wire, No. 18, 1.5 inch long, with a ring-handle 0.5 inch in diameter; it is carried, with the cone-key, in the pocket in front of the musket cartridge-box.

257. BAYONET SCABBARD—black bridle leather—length, 19.3 inches. Frog—buff leather—sewed to a socket of black leather, which is fastened to the top of the scabbard; the loop of the frog to be made wide enough to slide on the waist-belt.

MARKING SMALL ARMS.

258. It is directed that hereafter all small arms, when passed by the Inspector, be stamped in the following manner:

MUSKETS, CARBINES, AND PISTOLS.

On the top of the barrel, near the breech, with an anchor; and, on the lock-plate, the letter P over the initials of the Inspector, thus: P./A.B.

REVOLVERS.

On the top of the barrel, near the cylinder, with an anchor; and, on the face of the cylinder, the letter P over the initials of the Inspector, as above.

CUTLASSES.

On the blade, immediately below the guard, with an anchor; and the letter P over the initials of the Inspector, as above.

All arms in store or returned from ships will be stamped with the anchor before being issued.

The Bureau will furnish to each Inspector two sizes of stamps. MUSKETS, CARBINES, and CUTLASSES are to be marked with the larger, .15-in., and PISTOLS and REVOLVERS with the smaller, 0.1-in., size of stamps.

PRESERVATION OF SMALL ARMS.

259. The Captain will take care that the Small Arms are carefully cleaned and wiped dry after every exercise or use of them, before they are put away.

260. He will cause them to be frequently examined at other times, to prevent their being clogged with oil or lacquer, and to be sure that they are always ready for use.

He will strictly prohibit their being marked or otherwise defaced.

261. It is directed that the men who use them be taught to clean them properly, and to remedy any slight defects or obstructions to their use.

Chests not lined preserve them best, if there be no proper armory.

DIRECTIONS FOR CLEANING ARMS.

262. In taking apart and cleaning guns, there are required a screw-driver, wiper, wire-tumbler punch, and a spring vice. No other implements should be used in taking arms apart, or in setting them up.

263. DISMOUNTING AND CLEANING.—The rifle-musket should be dismounted in the following order, viz.:

1st. Unfix the bayonet. 2d. Insert the tompion. 3d. Draw the ramrod. 4th. Turn out the tang-screw. 5th. Take off the lock; to do this, put the hammer at half-cock, and partially unscrew the side screws; then, with a slight tap on the head of each screw with a wooden instrument, loosen the lock from its bed in the stock; turn out the side screws, and remove the lock with the left hand. 6th. Remove the side screws without disturbing the washers. 7th. Take off the bands in order, commencing with the uppermost. 8th. Take out the barrel; in doing this, turn the musket horizontally, with the barrel downward, holding it loosely, with the left hand below the rear sight and the right hand grasping the stock by the handle; tap the muzzle on the ground, if necessary, to loosen the breech. If an attempt were made to pull the barrel out by the muzzle, it would, in case it were wood-bound, be liable to split at the head of the stock.

The foregoing parts of the rifle-musket are all that should usually be taken off or dismounted.

The breech-screw should be taken out only by an armorer, and never in ordinary cleaning. The mountings, cone and cone-seat screw, should not be taken off, nor should the lock be taken apart, except by permission of an officer.

264. TO CLEAN THE BARREL.—1st. Stop the vent with a peg of soft wood, or piece of rag or soft leather pressed down by the hammer; pour a gill of water, warm, if it can be had, into the muzzle; let it stand a short time to soften the deposit of powder; put a plug of soft wood into the muzzle and shake the water up and down the barrel; pour it out and repeat the washing until the water comes out clear; remove the peg from the cone and stand the barrel muzzle downward, to drain, for a few moments.

2d. Screw the wiper on the end of the ramrod, and put a piece of dry cloth or tow round it sufficient to prevent it from chafing the grooves of the barrel; wipe the barrel dry, changing the cloth two or three times.

3d. Do not put oil into the vent, as it will clog the passage and cause the first cap to miss fire; but, with a slightly oiled rag on the wiper, rub the bore of the barrel and the face of the breech-screw, and immediately insert the tompion into the muzzle.

4th. To clean the exterior of the barrel, lay it flat on a bench or board, to avoid bending it. The practice of supporting the barrel at each end, and rubbing it with a strap, buffstick, ramrod, or any other instrument to burnish it, is pernicious, and should be strictly forbidden.

5th. After firing, the barrel should always be washed as soon as practicable; when the water comes off clear, wipe the barrel dry and pass into it an oiled rag. Fine flour of emery cloth is the best article to clean the exterior of the barrel.

265. TO CLEAN THE LOCK.—Wipe every part with a moist rag, and then a dry one; if any part of the interior shows rust, put a drop of oil on the point or end of a piece of soft wood dipped into flour of emery; rub out the rust and wipe the surface dry; then rub every part with a slightly oiled rag.

266. TO CLEAN THE MOUNTINGS.—For iron and steel parts, use fine emery moistened with oil, or emery cloth. For brass parts, use rotten-stone moistened with vinegar or water, applied with a rag, brush, or stick; oil or grease should be avoided. The dirt may be removed from the screw-holes by screwing a piece of soft wood into them. Wipe all parts with a linen rag, and leave the parts slightly oiled.

267. DISMOUNTING BY AN ARMORER.—The parts which are specially assigned to be dismounted by an experienced armorer will be stated in their regular order, following No. 8, viz.:

9th. Unscrew cone. 10th. Take out cone-seat screw, 11th. Take out band-springs, using a wire punch. 12th. Take out the guard-screws. Be careful that the screw-driver does not slip and mar the stock. 13th. Remove the guard without injuring the wood at either end of the plate. 14th. Remove the side screw-washers with a drift-punch. 15th. Remove the butt-plate. 16th. Remove the rear-sight. 17th. Turn out the breech-screw by means of a "breech screw-wrench" suited to the tenon of the screw. No other wrench should ever be used for this purpose, and the barrel should be held in clamps neatly fitting the breech.

268. LOCK.—To take the lock apart: 1st. Cock the piece and apply the spring-piece to the mainspring; give the thumb-screw a turn sufficient to liberate the spring from the swivel and mainspring notch; remove the spring. 2d. The sear-spring screw. 3d. The sear-screw and sear. 4th. The bridle-screw and bridle. 5th. The tumbler-screw. 6th. The tumbler. This is driven out with a punch inserted in the screw-hole, which at the same time liberates the hammer. 7th. Detach the mainspring swivel from the tumbler with a drift-punch. 8th. Take out the feed-finger and spring. 9th. The catch-spring and screw.

269. As a general rule, all parts of the musket are assembled in the inverse order in which they are dismounted. Before replacing screws, oil them slightly with good sperm oil, as inferior oil is converted into a gum, which clogs the operation of the parts. Screws should not be turned in so hard as to make the parts bind. When a lock has, from any cause, become gummed with oil and dirt, it may be cleaned by boiling in soap-suds, or in pearlash or soda-water; heat should never be applied in any other way.

270. PRECAUTIONS IN USING.—In ordering arms on parade, let the butt be brought gently to the ground, especially if the ground be hard. This will save the mechanism of the lock from shocks, which are very injurious to it, and which tend to loosen and mar the screws and split the wood-work.

The ramrod should not be sprung with unnecessary force, for fear of injuring the corners of the grooves; and, in stacking arms, care should be taken not to injure the bayonets by forcibly straining the edges against each other.

No cutting, marking, or scraping the wood or iron should be allowed, and no part of the gun should be touched with a file. Take every possible care to prevent water from getting between the lock, or barrel and stock. If any should get there, dismount the gun as soon as possible, clean and oil the parts as directed, and see that they are perfectly dry before assembling them.

PAINTS AND LACQUERS.

COMPOSITION AND PREPARATION.

271. The proportions are given for 100 parts by weight of prepared colors, when not otherwise designated.

A gallon of linseed oil weighs 7.5 lbs. A gallon of spirits of turpentine 7.25 lbs. A gallon of Japan varnish 7. lbs. A gallon of sperm oil 7.12 lbs. A gallon of neatsfoot oil 7.63 lbs.

PAINTS AND LACQUERS.

Boiled oil.

Raw linseed 103. lbs. Copperas 3.15 lbs. Litharge 6.3 lbs.

Dryings.

Mixture of copperas and litharge taken from the boiled oil 60 lbs. Spirits turpentine 56 lbs. Boiled oil 2 lbs.

Putty (for filling cracks in wood).

Spanish whiting, pulverized 81.6 lbs. Boiled oil 20.4 lbs.

Another kind of putty, for the same purpose, is made by mixing fine sifted oak sawdust with linseed oil which has been boiled till glutinous.

White paint.

PROPORTIONS. For inside work. For outside work. White-lead, ground in oil 80. lbs. 80 lbs. Boiled oil 14.5 lbs. 9 lbs. Raw oil 0. lbs. 9 lbs. Spirits turpentine 8. lbs. 4 lbs.

Grind the white-lead in the oil, and add the spirits of turpentine. New wood-work requires about 1 lb. to the square yard for three coats.

Lead color.

White-lead, ground in oil 75. lbs. Lampblack 1. lb. Boiled linseed oil 23. lbs. Litharge 0.5 lb. Japan varnish 0.5 lb. Spirits turpentine 2.5 lbs.

The lampblack and litharge are ground separately upon the stone, in oil, then stirred into the white-lead and oil; the turpentine and varnish are added as the paint is required for use, or when it is packed in kegs for transportation.

Black paint.

Lampblack 28 lbs. Litharge 1 lb. Japan varnish 1 lb. Linseed oil, boiled 73 lbs. Spirits turpentine 1 lb.

Grind the lampblack in oil; mix it with the oil, then grind the litharge in oil and add it, stirring it well into the mixture. The varnish and turpentine are added last.

This paint is used for the iron-work of carriages.

Paint for tarpaulins.

A square yard takes 2 lbs. for three coats.

1. Olive.—Liquid olive color 100 lbs. Beeswax 6 lbs. Spirits turpentine 6 lbs.

Dissolve the beeswax in the spirits of turpentine, with a gentle heat, and mix the paint warm.

2. Add 12 ounces of beeswax to a gallon of linseed oil, and boil it two hours; prime the cloth with this mixture, and use the same in place of boiled oil for mixing the paint. Give two coats of paint.

Lacquers for iron ordnance.

1. Black-lead, pulverized 12 lbs. Red-lead 12 lbs. Litharge 5 lbs. Lampblack 5 lbs. Linseed oil 66 lbs.

Boil it gently about twenty minutes, during which time it must be constantly stirred.

2. Umber, ground 3.75 lbs. Gum-shellac, pulverized 3.75 lbs. Ivory-black 3.75 lbs. Litharge 3.75 lbs. Linseed oil 78. lbs. Spirits turpentine 7.25 lbs.

The oil must be first boiled half an hour. The mixture is then boiled twenty-four hours, poured off from the sediment, put in jugs and corked.

3. Coal tar of good quality 2 galls. Spirits turpentine 1 pint.

The turpentine to be added in small quantities during the application of the lacquer.

4. Anti-corrosion 40 lbs. Grant's black, ground in oil 4 lbs. Red-lead, as a dryer 3 lbs. Linseed oil 4 galls. Spirits turpentine 1 pint.

This mixture, when well stirred and incorporated, will be fit for use; but, as by long keeping in this state it becomes hard, no more should be mixed than may be required for immediate use.

Anti-Corrosion.—Slag from iron foundries, pounded 12 lbs. Chalk 12 lbs. Soot, common 1 lb.

In applying lacquer, the surface of the iron must be first cleaned with a scraper and a wire brush, if necessary, and the lacquer applied hot, in two thin coats, with a paint-brush. It is best done in summer.

Old lacquer should be removed with a scraper, or by scouring, and not by heating the guns or balls, by which the metal is injured.

PLANTOU'S COMPOSITION FOR COATING IRON OR WOOD AS A PRESERVATIVE.

First composition.

Pulverized rosin 3 lbs. Pulverized shellac 2 oz. Pulverized charcoal, or cannel-coal 1 lb. Spirits turpentine 1 oz.

Second composition.

Pulverized rosin 3 lbs. Beeswax 4 oz. Pulverized charcoal, or cannel-coal 1 lb. Spirits turpentine 1 oz.

The first two articles are to be dissolved in an iron vessel over the fire; the charcoal is then added, and briskly stirred until the whole is well intermixed; after which the turpentine is added, and stirred until it is well incorporated with the other ingredients. It is not safely made on board ship.

The composition is to be applied when hot, with a brush or spatula, and smoothed over with a hot iron. The wood, or iron should be perfectly dry, and freed from rust or other loose substances.

Lacquer for small arms, or for water-proof paper.

Beeswax 13 lbs. Spirits turpentine 13 galls. Boiled linseed oil 1 gall.

All the ingredients should be pure, and of the best quality. Heat them together in a copper or earthen vessel, over a gentle fire, in a water-bath, until they are well mixed.

Lacquer for bright iron-work.

Linseed oil, boiled 80.5 lbs. Litharge 5.5 lbs. White-lead, ground in oil 11.25 lbs. Rosin, pulverized 2.75 lbs.

Add the litharge to the oil, let it simmer over a slow fire for three hours; strain it, and add the rosin and white-lead; keep it gently warmed, and stir it until the rosin is dissolved. Apply it with a paint-brush.

Varnish for scabbards, or patent leather.

For 1st and 2d coats.— Prussian blue, in lumps 4. lbs. Sugar-of-lead 0.7 lb. Aquafortis 0.7 lb. Linseed oil, boiled 70. lbs. Spirits turpentine 24.6 lb.

The ingredients, except the turpentine, are boiled together, in an iron kettle, eight hours, when the mixture will assume a brilliant black color. When the varnish is nearly cool, stir in the turpentine. The kettle in which the varnish is made should be of a capacity to hold double the quantity of varnish to be boiled. It cannot be safely made on board ship.

For the third or finishing coat.—COPAL VARNISH.

Gum-copal, in clear lumps 26.5 lbs. Boiled linseed oil 42.5 lbs. Spirits turpentine 31. lbs.

This varnish is made in a copper vessel, smallest at the top, in the form of a still.

Put the copal in the vessel, set it on a charcoal fire for one hour, in which time it will melt, and all the watery particles will evaporate. Add the oil whilst the copal is warm, but not boiling hot. When nearly cool add the turpentine, which will give it a proper consistency for use.

For 5 lbs. copal, and the proper proportions of oil and turpentine, the vessel should hold six gallons. Not safely made on board ship.

Japan varnish.

Litharge 4 lbs. Boiled oil 87 lbs. Spirits turpentine 2 lbs. Red-lead 6 lbs. Umber 1 lb. Gum-shellac 8 lbs. Sugar-of-lead 2 lbs. White vitriol 1 lb.

Japan varnish is generally purchased from the paint-sellers. It is made by boiling on a slow charcoal fire for five hours all the ingredients except the turpentine and a small portion of the oil. The latter is added as required to check the ebullition and to allay the froth which rises to the surface. It must be continually stirred with a wooden spatula. Great care is necessary to prevent it from taking fire, and therefore it cannot be safely made on board ship.

The turpentine is added after the varnish is nearly cool, and is stirred well in. The varnish must be kept in tin cans closely corked.

Olive paste.

Yellow ochre, pulverized 68. lbs. Lampblack 1.1 lbs. Boiled oil 37. lbs. Spirits turpentine 0.4 lb.

Make a thick paste with the ochre and oil in a paint-pot, and with the lampblack and oil in another. Grind them together in small portions, and keep the mixture in a tin vessel.

Liquid olive color.

Olive paste 61.5 lbs. Boiled oil 29.5 lbs. Spirits turpentine 5.5 lbs. Dryings 3.5 lbs. Japan varnish 2. lbs.

Stirred together in a paint-pot.

Brainard's paint.

Dissolve 10 pounds of shellac in 10 gallons of boiling water, adding 30 ounces of saleratus. Mix this solution with an equal quantity of paint prepared in the usual manner. This paint is economical and durable.

Black stain (for wood-work).

Copperas 1 lb. Nutgalls 1 lb. Sal ammoniac 1/4 lb. Vinegar 1 gal.

Stir it occasionally for a few hours, and it will be ready for use.

The wood must be clean and smooth, and the cracks filled with black putty, which must be allowed to dry. The stain to be applied two or three times, and left to dry for a day or two. Then it is to be rubbed with boiled oil until sufficiently polished. Until the oil is applied the color will be bluish. Scraping and staining gun-carriages, or keeping them bright, is prohibited. They should be kept well painted.

Impression wax for vents.

Beeswax 4 parts. Tallow 2 parts. Charcoal, finely powdered 1 part.

Melt the beeswax and tallow, and stir in the charcoal.

Paper parchment.

Immerse unsized paper for a few seconds in sulphuric acid, diluted with half its volume of water at about 60 deg.; wash it well in cold water, then immerse it in a weak solution of caustic ammonia, and again wash.

It absorbs water, and becomes soft and pliable like animal parchment, but is water-proof. It is not affected by boiling water, is indestructible by most acids, and is not diminished in strength by wetting. It has about 2/3 the strength of animal parchment when dry; the thinner kinds make capital tracing-paper, which takes ink readily.

Cement for the above.

Cheese—fresh, without salt, if possible 3 parts. Quicklime 1 part.

Wash the cheese thoroughly three or four times in boiling water, and grind the materials on a stone and muller, adding cold water until it is of the consistency of honey.

Composition for lining the interior of rifle-shells.

Soap—common yellow, not salt-water soap 16 ounces. Tallow 7 ounces. Rosin 7 ounces.

The tallow should be melted first, then melt and add the rosin, and lastly the soap, bringing the mass to a heat that will make it very fluid.

The shells having been first thoroughly cleaned, fill them about one-third full of the composition, roll them slowly so as to spread the mixture over the whole interior surface, and then pour off the residue. This coating should be about one-tenth (0.1) of an inch in thickness, except at the bottom of the shell, where it should be about three-quarters of an inch thick. To obtain these thicknesses, the operation of coating should be performed twice; then pour into the shell enough of the composition to produce the desired thickness at the bottom, the shell standing on its base. After the composition is perfectly cool, immerse the shell in hot water at as high a temperature as the composition will stand without "running"—about 170 degrees. This second heating of the composition in the bath toughens it, and causes it to adhere more closely to the shell.



APPENDIX.

A. ALLOWANCE TABLE OF CREWS.

B. TABLES OF GUNNERY PRACTICE.

C. FORMS OF REPORTS OF INSPECTION AND OF TARGET PRACTICE.

D. TABLES OF ALLOWANCES OF ORDNANCE STORES.



APPENDIX A.

ALLOWANCE OF CREWS:

Embracing Officers and all others to be allowed each Vessel of the Navy, whatever may be her class, kind, or armament.

The number of men assigned in each case will be found adequate to man properly the battery, and also the Powder Division, together with the divisions of the Master and Surgeon.

DIRECTIONS.

1. Take from Table I., columns 3 or 4 (either or both, as the case may happen to require), the number of hands designated for each kind or class of gun the vessel may carry, and multiply these figures respectively by the number of guns of each kind to which they refer. In this way is to be obtained the aggregate number of hands necessary to man properly the battery itself. Call the result A.[1]

2. Then, in order to get at the additional number of hands necessary to man properly the powder division and the divisions of the Master and Surgeon, which additional number is to be called B, multiply A by the decimal—

SAILING VESSELS. .25 for a sailing vessel carrying on 3 decks from 74 to 90 guns. .29 for a sailing vessel carrying on 2 decks from 36 to 60 guns. .34 for a sailing vessel carrying on 1 or 2 decks from 20 to 26 guns. .36 for a sailing vessel carrying on 1 decks from 16 to 20 guns medium of calibre. .60 for a sailing vessel carrying on 1 decks from 14 to 18 guns light of calibre. .34 for a sailing vessel carrying on 1 decks from 9 to 7 guns heaviest of calibre. .40 for a sailing vessel carrying on 1 decks from 6 to 5 guns heaviest of calibre. .50 for a sailing vessel carrying on 1 decks from 4 to 3 guns heaviest of calibre. .70 for a sailing vessel carrying on 1 decks from 2 to 1 guns heaviest of calibre. STEAMERS. .25 for a steamer carrying on 2 decks from 36 to 60 guns, with broadside-guns on upper deck lighter than those on the other. .22 for a steamer carrying on 2 decks from 36 to 60 guns, with broadside-guns on upper deck as heavy as those on the other. .34 for all other steamers, including iron-clads.

In the case of a sailing vessel, about one-third of B will be the proportion of hands to be taken for the Master's division, and the rest, less those for the Surgeon's division (which is to be composed of the surgeon's steward and the nurses allowed), will be the number for the powder division.

And, too, in the case of a steamer of any kind, about one-third of B will also be the proportion of hands to be taken for the Master's division; but the rest, less those just mentioned for the Surgeon's division, is to be increased by one-third of the number of firemen and coal-heavers allowed, to constitute the powder division.

It is to be borne in mind that the powder division is always to command a preference over the master's, on the score of being sufficiently manned.

3. Add A and B together, and call their sum C.

4. To ascertain how many of the whole number of C are to be petty officers, &c., consult Table II.

5. One-sixth part of the whole number of C will give the number of seamen.

6. One-fourth part of the whole number of C will give the number of ordinary seamen.

7. One-fortieth part of the whole number of C will give the number of musicians (exclusive of the master of the band), when musicians are allowed, which is to be only to ships-of-the-line, frigates, and flag vessels having a totality of crew amounting to not less than 350 souls.[2]

8. The total number of petty officers, &c., seamen, ordinary seamen, and musicians, deducted from the whole number of C, will give the number of landsmen and boys.

9. The number of hands, in addition to the whole number of C, to serve as firemen and coal-heavers, when these are required, is to be ascertained by the annexed rule relating to the subject.

10. For the number and grades of officers, consult Table III.

11. For the number and grades of marines, consult Table IV.

12. An admiral of any grade, when appointed as the commander-in-chief of a fleet or squadron, is authorized to nominate to the Navy Department an officer not below the grade of a commander to serve as the head of his staff, or as the captain of the fleet, and to be borne on the books of the vessel carrying his flag in addition to her established complement.

13. Every officer appointed to the command of a fleet or squadron is authorized to nominate to the Navy Department an officer not higher in grade than a lieutenant, nor lower than an ensign, to serve as his flag lieutenant, or aid, and to be borne on the books of the vessel carrying his flag or broad pennant in addition to her established complement.

14. An admiral of any grade, appointed the commander-in-chief of a fleet or squadron, is to be allowed two seamen and two ordinary seamen, to be borne on the books of the vessel carrying his flag in addition to her established complement.

15. Every other officer appointed to the command of a fleet or squadron is to be allowed one seaman and two ordinary seamen, to be borne on the books of the vessel carrying his broad pennant in addition to her established complement.

16. The number of men in any rating, as above directed, is not to be exceeded, in any case, without the authority of the Secretary of the Navy, unless it be to make good deficiencies in superior ratings; and vessels, in time of peace, when otherwise ready for sea, are not to be detained on account of deficiencies in their complements, if the whole number of petty officers and persons of inferior rating be equal to nine-tenths of the number allowed as their crews.

17. The total number of a crew, as allowed above, is never to be exceeded without the express direction or sanction of the Secretary of the Navy.

18. Complements will be designated by the Navy Department for receiving vessels, practice vessels, apprentice vessels, store and supply vessels, and for any others intended for special or peculiar service.

TABLE I.

SHOWING THE NUMBER OF HANDS (powder-man or boy included) APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS KINDS OF GUNS IN USE, TO SERVE AS A BASIS TO DETERMINE THE NUMBER TO COMPOSE A VESSEL'S CREW, EXCLUSIVE OF OFFICERS, MARINES, FIREMEN, AND COAL-HEAVERS.

KEY: A: KIND OR CLASS OF GUN. B: WEIGHT OF GUN, IN POUNDS, OR CWT., WHEN SO EXPRESSED. C: Gun, when a pivot, or used singly. D: Gun of both broadsides.

-+ -+ -+ -+ NUMBER OF HANDS FOR EACH + + + A B NOTICES. C D -+ -+ + + + Col. Col. Col. Col. 1 2. 3. 4. -+ -+ -+ + + { In turrets of an iron-clad, } XV-inch 42,000 { and on carriage requiring } 20 * XI-inch or { but ten hands for a XV-inch } 150-pounder 16,000 to 17,000 { and seven for an XI-inch, } 14 * { powdermen included. } XI-inch or Elsewhere than in said 150-pounder 16,000 to 17,000 turrets. 25 12.5 X-inch or 64-pounder 12,000 21 10.5 IX-inch or 100-pounder 9,000 to 10,000 17 8.5 60-pounder 5,000 11 5.5 30-pounder rifle 3,000 to 4,000 9 4.5 20-pounder rifle 1,600 to 2,000 7 3.5 8-inch 63 cwt. On lower deck of ship-of-the-line. 17 8.5 8-inch 63 " Elsewhere than on said deck. 15 7.5 8-inch 56 " or 6,500 lbs. 13 6.5 32-pounder 57 " On lower deck of ship-of-the-line. 15 7.5 32-pounder 57 " Elsewhere than on said deck. 13 6.5 32-pounder 42 " or 4,500 lbs. 11 5.5 32-pounder 33 " 9 4.5 32-pounder 27 " 7 3.5 24-pounder howitzer 1,300 to 1,400 7 3.5 12-pounder howitzer 700 to 800 5 2.5 -+ -+ + + NOTE *: These numbers, 20 and 14, give, intentionally, double crews.

TABLE II

Allowance of Petty Officers, and also of others NOT Seamen, Ordinary Seamen, Landsmen, Boys, Firemen, Coal-heavers, nor Musicians, other than Master of the Band, for Sailing Vessels and Steamers of every description, including Iron-clads, when the amount of C is—

-+ + + + + NOT LESS NOT LESS NOT LESS NOT LESS THAN 570 THAN 375 THAN 225 THAN 175 RATINGS. NOR MORE NOR MORE NOR MORE NOR MORE THAN 760 THAN 570 THAN 375 THAN 225 -+ + + + + S.V. means a Sailing Vessel. Col. 1 Col. 2 Col. 3 Col. 4 STMR. means a Steamer. + + -+ + -+ + -+ + -+ S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. -+ + -+ + -+ + -+ + -+ Chief Boatswain's Mate 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Boatswain's Mate in charge .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Boatswain's Mates 5 .. 3 3 2 2 2 2 Chief Gunner's Mates 1 .. 1 1 .. .. .. .. Gunner's Mates in charge .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Gunner's Mates 3 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Chief Quartermasters 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Quartermasters 9 .. 7 7 5 5 3 3 Coxswains 10 .. 8 8 7 7 6 6 Captains of Forecastle 4 .. 4 4 2 2 2 2 Captains of Tops 8 .. 6 6 6 4 4 2 Captains of After-Guard 2 .. 2 2 2 2 2 2 Quarter Gunners 18 .. 12 12 6 6 4 4 Carpenter's Mates 2 .. 2 2 1 1 1 1 Sailmaker's Mates 2 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Painters 1st class 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Painters 2d class 1 .. 1 1 .. .. .. .. Coopers 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Armorers 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Armorer's Mates 1 .. 1 1 .. 1 .. .. Captains of Hold 2 .. 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ship's Cooks 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Bakers 2 .. 2 2 1 1 1 1 Yeomen 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Master-at-Arms 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Surgeon's Steward in charge When there is no Medical Officer provided, the Surgeon's Steward allowed is to become the Surgeon's Steward in charge. -+ + -+ + -+ + -+ + -+

-+ + + + + NOT LESS NOT LESS NOT LESS NOT LESS THAN 100 THAN 80 THAN 60 THAN 40 RATINGS. NOR MORE NOR MORE NOR MORE NOR MORE THAN 175 THAN 100 THAN 80 THAN 60 -+ + + + + S.V. means a Sailing Vessel. Col. 5 Col. 6 Col. 7 Col. 8 STMR. means a Steamer. + + -+ + -+ + -+ + -+ S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. -+ + -+ + -+ + -+ + -+ Chief Boatswain's Mate 1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Boatswain's Mate in charge .. .. .. .. 1 1 1 1 Boatswain's Mates 2 2 2 2 1 1 .. .. Chief Gunner's Mates .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Gunner's Mates in charge .. .. .. .. 1 1 1 1 Gunner's Mates 1 1 1 1 1 1 .. .. Chief Quartermasters 1 1 1 1 1 1 .. .. Quartermasters 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Coxswains 4 4 4 4 2 2 1 1 Captains of Forecastle 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 .. Captains of Tops 2 .. 2 .. 2 .. 1 .. Captains of After-Guard 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 Quarter Gunners 4 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 Carpenter's Mates 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Sailmaker's Mates 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Painters 1st class 1 1 .. .. .. .. .. .. Painters 2d class .. .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Coopers 1 1 1 1 1 1 .. .. Armorers 1 1 .. 1 .. .. .. .. Armorer's Mates .. .. 1 .. .. .. .. .. Captains of Hold 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ship's Cooks 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Bakers 1 1 .. .. .. .. .. .. Yeomen 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Master-at-Arms 1 1 1 1 1 1 .. .. Surgeon's Steward in charge When there is no Medical Officer provided, the Surgeon's Steward allowed is to become the Surgeon's Steward in charge. -+ + -+ + -+ + -+ + -+

-+ + + NOT LESS NOT LESS THAN 25 THAN 12 RATINGS. NOR MORE NOR MORE THAN 40 THAN 25 -+ + + S.V. means a Sailing Vessel. Col. 9 Col. 10 STMR. means a Steamer. + + -+ + -+ S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. -+ + -+ + -+ Chief Boatswain's Mate .. .. .. .. Boatswain's Mate in charge 1 1 .. .. Boatswain's Mates .. .. .. .. Chief Gunner's Mates .. .. .. .. Gunner's Mates in charge 1 1 .. .. Gunner's Mates .. .. .. .. Chief Quartermasters .. .. .. .. Quartermasters 2 2 1 1 Coxswains 1 1 .. .. Captains of Forecastle 1 .. .. .. Captains of Tops .. .. .. .. Captains of After-Guard .. .. .. .. Quarter Gunners 1 1 1 1 Carpenter's Mates .. .. .. .. Sailmaker's Mates .. .. .. .. Painters 1st class .. .. .. .. Painters 2d class .. .. .. .. Coopers .. .. .. .. Armorers .. .. .. .. Armorer's Mates .. .. .. .. Captains of Hold .. .. .. .. Ship's Cooks 1 1 1 1 Bakers .. .. .. .. Yeomen 1 1 .. .. Master-at-Arms .. .. .. .. Surgeon's Steward in charge When there is no Medical Officer provided, the Surgeon's Steward allowed is to become the Surgeon's Steward in charge. -+ + -+ + -+

TABLE II.—Continued.

- + NOT LESS NOT LESS NOT LESS NOT LESS THAN 570 THAN 375 THAN 225 THAN 175 RATINGS. NOR MORE NOR MORE NOR MORE NOR MORE THAN 760 THAN 570 THAN 375 THAN 225 -+ S.V. means a Sailing Vessel. Col. 1 Col. 2 Col. 3 Col. 4 STMR. means a Steamer. - - - -+ S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. -+ - - - - Surgeon's Stewards 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Paymaster's Stewards 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Schoolmasters 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ship's Writers 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ship's Corporals 2 .. 2 2 2 2 1 1 Masters of the Band 1 .. 1 1 and one to every other vessel allowed a band. Coxswains to One of each to be borne on the books of Commander-in-Chief the vessel carrying his flag in addition to her compliment. Stewards to One of each to be borne on the books of Commander-in-Chief the vessel carrying his flag in addition to her compliment. Cooks to One of each to be borne on the books of Commander-in-Chief the vessel carrying his flag in addition to her compliment. Cabin Stewards 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Cabin Cooks 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ward-Room Stewards 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ward-Room Cooks 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 *Steerage Stewards 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 *Steerage Cooks 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 *Foreward Officer's Stewards 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 *Foreward Officer's Cooks 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 *Carpenters, including Caulkers 12 .. 10 10 8 8 6 6 Nurses 2 .. 2 2 2 2 2 2 - - - - -+ TOTAL 107 .. 88 88 68 67 58 56 -+ - - - - NOTE. Those rankings marked * are not Petty Officers. Iron-clads without spars not to be allowed any Captains of Tops.

—————————————————————————————————————

- + NOT LESS NOT LESS NOT LESS NOT LESS THAN 100 THAN 80 THAN 60 THAN 40 RATINGS. NOR MORE NOR MORE NOR MORE NOR MORE THAN 175 THAN 100 THAN 80 THAN 60 -+ S.V. means a Sailing Vessel. Col. 5 Col. 6 Col. 7 Col. 8 STMR. means a Steamer. - - - -+ S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. -+ - - - - Surgeon's Stewards 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Paymaster's Stewards 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Schoolmasters 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ship's Writers 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ship's Corporals 1 1 .. .. .. .. 1 1 Masters of the Band and one to every other vessel allowed a band. Coxswains to One of each to be borne on the books of Commander-in-Chief the vessel carrying his flag in addition to her compliment. Coxswains to One of each to be borne on the books of Commander-in-Chief the vessel carrying his flag in addition to her compliment. Coxswains to One of each to be borne on the books of Commander-in-Chief the vessel carrying his flag in addition to her compliment. Cabin Stewards 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Cabin Cooks 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ward-Room Stewards 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ward-Room Cooks 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 *Steerage Stewards 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 *Steerage Cooks 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 *Foreward Officer's Stewards 1 1 1 1 .. .. .. .. *Foreward Officer's Cooks 1 1 1 1 .. .. .. .. *Carpenters, including Caulkers 4 4 2 2 2 2 1 1 Nurses 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - -+ TOTAL 51 47 44 41 38 36 30 28 -+ - - - - NOTE. Those rankings marked * are not Petty Officers. Iron-clads without spars not to be allowed any Captains of Tops.

—————————————————————————————————————

-+ + + NOT LESS NOT LESS THAN 25 THAN 12 RATINGS. NOR MORE NOR MORE THAN 40 THAN 25 -+ + + S.V. means a Sailing Vessel. Col. 9 Col. 10 STMR. means a Steamer. + + -+ + -+ S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. -+ + -+ + -+ Surgeon's Stewards 1 1 .. .. Paymaster's Stewards 1 1 .. .. Schoolmasters .. .. .. .. Ship's Writers .. .. .. .. Ship's Corporals 1 1 .. .. Masters of the Band and one to every other vessel allowed a band. Coxswains to One of each to be Commander-in-Chief borne on the books of the vessel carrying his flag in addition to her compliment. Coxswains to One of each to be Commander-in-Chief borne on the books of the vessel carrying his flag in addition to her compliment. Coxswains to One of each to be Commander-in-Chief borne on the books of the vessel carrying his flag in addition to her compliment. Cabin Stewards .. .. .. .. Cabin Cooks .. .. .. .. Ward-Room Stewards 1 1 .. .. Ward-Room Cooks 1 1 .. .. *Steerage Stewards .. .. 1 1 *Steerage Cooks .. .. 1 1 *Foreward Officer's Stewards .. .. .. .. *Foreward Officer's Cooks .. .. .. .. *Carpenters, including Caulkers 1 1 .. .. Nurses .. .. .. .. -+ + -+ + -+ TOTAL 15 14 5 5 -+ + -+ + -+ NOTE. Those rankings marked * are not Petty Officers. Iron-clads without spars not to be allowed any Captains of Tops. -+

TABLE III.

Allowance of Officers when the amount of C is—

- + NOT LESS NOT LESS NOT LESS NOT LESS THAN 570 THAN 375 THAN 225 THAN 175 GRADES. NOR MORE NOR MORE NOR MORE NOR MORE THAN 760 THAN 570 THAN 375 THAN 225 -+ S.V. means a Sailing Vessel. Col. 1 Col. 2 Col. 3 Col. 4 STMR. means a Steamer. - - - -+ S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. -+ - - - - Commodore 1 .. 1 1 .. .. .. .. Captain .. .. .. .. 1 1 .. 1 Commander .. .. .. .. .. .. 1 .. Lieut.-Commander 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Lieutenant 2 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Master 3 .. 2 2 1 1 1 1 Ensign 3 .. 2 2 2 2 2 2 Midshipman 12 .. 8 8 6 6 4 4 Surgeon 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Assistant Surgeons 3 .. 2 2 2 2 1 1 Paymaster 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Assistant Paymaster .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Chaplain One to each Flagship. Boatswain 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Gunner 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Carpenter 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Sailmaker 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Chief Engineer .. .. .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 1st Assistant Engineer .. .. .. 2 .. 2 .. 2 2d Assistant Engineer .. .. .. 2 .. 2 .. 2 3d Assistant Engineer .. .. .. 3 .. 2 .. 2 Secretary One for each Commander of a Squadron. Clerk to Commanding Officer 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Clerk to Paymaster 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Master's Mates .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. - - - - -+ TOTAL 33 .. 25 33 22 29 19 26 to to to to to 35 27 35 24 31 -+ - - - -

- + NOT LESS NOT LESS NOT LESS NOT LESS THAN 100 THAN 80 THAN 60 THAN 40 GRADES. NOR MORE NOR MORE NOR MORE NOR MORE THAN 175 THAN 100 THAN 80 THAN 60 -+ S.V. means a Sailing Vessel. Col. 5 Col. 6 Col. 7 Col. 8 STMR. means a Steamer. - - - -+ S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. -+ - - - - Commodore .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Captain .. 1 .. .. .. .. .. .. Commander 1 .. .. 1 .. 1 .. .. Lieut.-Commander 1 1 1 .. 1 .. 1 1 Lieutenant 1 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. .. Master 1 1 3 2 2 1 1 1 Ensign 2 2 2 2 3 3 4 4 Midshipman 4 4 4 4 .. .. .. .. Surgeon 1 1 .. .. .. .. .. .. Assistant Surgeons 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 Paymaster 1 1 .. .. .. .. .. .. Assistant Paymaster .. .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 Chaplain Boatswain 1 1 1 1 .. .. .. .. Gunner 1 1 1 1 .. .. .. .. Carpenter 1 1 1 1 .. .. .. .. Sailmaker 1 1 .. .. .. .. .. .. Chief Engineer .. 1 .. .. .. .. .. .. 1st Assistant Engineer .. 1 .. 2 .. 1 .. 1 2d Assistant Engineer .. 2 .. 2 .. 2 .. 2 3d Assistant Engineer .. 2 .. 2 .. 2 .. 2 Secretary Clerk to Commanding Officer 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Clerk to Paymaster .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Master's Mates .. .. .. .. 3 3 2 2 - - - - -+ TOTAL 18 24 17 23 12 17 11 16 -+ - - - -

- + NOT LESS NOT LESS THAN 25 THAN 12 GRADES. NOR MORE NOR MORE THAN 40 THAN 25 -+ S.V. means a Sailing Vessel. Col. 9 Col. 10 STMR. means a Steamer. - -+ S.V. Stmr. S.V. Tugs. -+ - - Commodore .. .. .. .. Captain .. .. .. .. Commander .. .. .. .. Lieut.-Commander 1 1 .. .. Lieutenant .. .. .. .. Master 1 1 .. 1 Ensign 3 3 1 .. Midshipman .. .. .. .. Surgeon .. .. .. .. Assistant Surgeons 1 1 .. .. Paymaster .. .. .. .. Assistant Paymaster 1 1 .. .. Chaplain Boatswain .. .. .. .. Gunner .. .. .. .. Carpenter .. .. .. .. Sailmaker .. .. .. .. Chief Engineer .. .. .. .. 1st Assistant Engineer .. 1 .. .. 2d Assistant Engineer .. 1 .. 1 3d Assistant Engineer .. 2 .. 2 Secretary Clerk to Commanding Officer 1 1 .. .. Clerk to Paymaster .. .. .. .. Master's Mates 2 2 1 1 - - -+ TOTAL 10 14 2 5 -+ - -

NOTE.—Iron-clads without Spars are not to be allowed either Boatswains or Sailmakers. No Paymaster or Assistant Paymaster shall be allowed a clerk in a vessel having the complement of one hundred and seventy-five persons or less, excepting in supply steamers and store vessels.

TABLE IV.

Allowance of Marines when the amount of C is—

NOT LESS NOT LESS NOT LESS NOT LESS THAN 570 THAN 375 THAN 225 THAN 175 GRADES. NOR MORE NOR MORE NOR MORE NOR MORE THAN 760 THAN 570 THAN 375 THAN 225 -+ + + + + S.V. means a Sailing Vessel. Col. 1 Col. 2 Col. 3 Col. 4 STMR. means a Steamer. + + -+ + -+ + -+ + -+ S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. -+ + -+ + -+ + -+ + -+ Captain 1 1 1 1 Lieutenants 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 Sergeants 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 Corporals 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 Drummers 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 Pipers 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 Privates 50 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 -+ + -+ + -+ + -+ + -+ TOTAL 64 64 51 51 39 39 28 28 -+ + -+ + -+ + -+ + -+

NOT LESS NOT LESS NOT LESS NOT LESS THAN 100 THAN 80 THAN 60 THAN 40 GRADES. NOR MORE NOR MORE NOR MORE NOR MORE THAN 175 THAN 100 THAN 80 THAN 60 -+ + + + + S.V. means a Sailing Vessel. Col. 5 Col. 6 Col. 7 Col. 8 STMR. means a Steamer. + + -+ + -+ + -+ + -+ S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. S.V. Stmr. -+ + -+ + -+ + -+ + -+ Captain Lieutenants 1 1 Sergeants 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 Corporals 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Drummers 1 1 1 1 1 1 Pipers 1 1 1 1 1 1 Privates 16 16 12 12 10 10 8 8 -+ + -+ + -+ + -+ + -+ TOTAL 23 23 18 18 16 16 11 11 -+ + -+ + -+ + -+ + -+

FOOTNOTES:

[1] NOTE 1.—Howitzers, when not really essentials of a battery, but intended rather as appendages to it for boat and field service, and for particular occasions, than to be used as commonly as the other guns of the vessel in general exercises, or in an engagement, are not to be included in applying these directions. The marines and available hands of the master's division are to be kept drilled to them, for the purpose of clearing the deck of an enemy.

[2] NOTE 2.—If the number of musicians thus derived be even, one-half of them are to be of the first class, and one-half of the second class; otherwise, the bare majority are to be of the first class, and the rest of the second.



APPENDIX B.—No. I.

GRADUATION OF SIGHTS AND MEAN RANGES OF UNITED STATES NAVAL SMOOTH-BORE GUNS.

(From Results of Practice, by Admiral DAHLGREN, United States Navy.)

The graduation commences from the bottom of the head of the bar resting on the sight-box.

The aim is supposed to be taken at the water-line of a ship.

- - -+ 32-POUNDER OF 27 CWT. 32-POUNDER OF 33 CWT. + - - Charge 4 lbs. 4-1/2 lbs. Axis of bore above load-line 7 feet. 7-1/2 feet. Distance between Old Model. New Model. sights 29-1/4 26-3/4 inches. inches. 31 inches. - - ELEVATION. RANGE. GRADUATION. GRADUATION. RANGE. GRADUATION. - - Degrees. Yards. Inches. Inches. Yards. Inches. Level. 250 0.353 0.324 287 0.350 1 deg. 545 0.746 0.684 581 0.792 2 deg. 800 1.266 1.161 857 1.343 3 deg. 1,047 1.801 1.652 1,140 1.909 4 deg. 1,278 2.337 2.144 1,398 2.478 5 deg. 1,469 2.870 2.633 1,598 3.044 6 deg. 1,637 3.398 3.116 ... ... - -

APPENDIX B.—No. II.

- - -+ 32-POUNDER OF 42 CWT. 32-POUNDER OF 57 CWT. + - - Charge 6 lbs. 9 lbs. Axis of bore above load-line 7-1/2 feet. 8 feet. Distance between Old Model. New Model. sights. 40.5 inches. 37.1 inches. 42.5 inches. - - ELEVATION. RANGE. GRADUATION. GRADUATION. RANGE. GRADUATION. - - Degrees. Yards. Inches. Inches. Yards. Inches. Level. 313 0.446 0.408 360 0.412 1 deg. 672 1.016 0.931 760 1.042 2 deg. 988 1.742 1.596 1,150 1.808 3 deg. 1,274 2.488 2.280 1,440 2.597 4 deg. 1,505 3.235 2.964 1,710 3.384 5 deg. 1,756 3.974 3.641 1,930 4.162 6 deg. ... ... ... 2,140 4.930 - -

APPENDIX B.—No. III.

- - 8-INCH OF 55 CWT. 8-INCH OF 63 CWT. - - Charge ... 7 lbs. 9 lbs. Shell ... 51-1/2 lbs. 51-1/2 lbs. Axis of bore above load-line ... 7-1/2 feet. 8 feet. Distance between Old Model. New Model. sights ... 37 inches 43.50 inches. 38.20 inches. - - ELEVATION. RANGE. GRADUATION. RANGE. GRADUATION. GRADUATION. - - Degrees. Yards. Inches. Yards. Inches. Inches. Level. 283 0.429 330 0.460 0.402 1 deg. 579 0.949 660 1.100 0.964 2 deg. 869 1.603 970 1.878 1.647 3 deg. 1,148 2.280 1,260 2.678 2.350 4 deg. 1,413 2.958 1,540 3.478 3.051 5 deg. 1,657 3.632 1,770 4.273 3.749 6 deg. 1,866 4.300 ... ... ... - -

APPENDIX B.—No. IV.

+ + + + IX-INCH XI-INCH XI-INCH SHELL-GUN. SHELL-GUN. SHELL-GUN. + + + + Charge 10 lbs. 15 lbs. 15 lbs. Shell 72 lbs. 135 lbs. 135 lbs. Axis of bore 10 feet. 10 feet. 20 feet. above load-line [Screw-sloops.] [2d deck above water.] Distance between sights 39 inches. 48 inches. 48 inches. + -+ + -+ + -+ + ELEVATION RANGE GRADUATION RANGE GRADUATION RANGE GRADUATION + -+ + -+ + -+ + Degrees. Yards. Inches. Yards. Inches. Yards. Inches. Level. 340 0.461 306 0.600 420 0.87 ... 700 0.983 500 0.945 700 1.48 ... 900 1.514 700 1.442 900 2.01 ... 1,100 2.073 900 2.040 1,100 2.62 ... 1,300 2.646 1,100 2.651 1,300 3.25 ... 1,500 3.222 1,300 3.295 1,500 4.92 ... 1,700 3.813 1,500 3.953 ... ... ... ... ... 1,700 4.681 ... ... + -+ + -+ + -+ +

APPENDIX B.—No. V.—Approximate Ranges of Shell-Guns.

- - - - ELEVATION IN DEGREES. RANGES IN YARDS. TIME OF FLIGHT IN SECONDS. CLASS WEIGHT HEIGHT - - - -+ OF KIND OF OF CHARGE, ABOVE P.B. GUN. PROJECTILE. PROJECTILE. lbs. PLANE. or 0 deg. 1 deg. 2 deg. 3 deg. + - - - - - - - XV-inch Cored shot 400 ... ... ... ... ... ... Shell 350 35 ... 300 620 920 1,200 1.9 3.7 - - - - - - -+ XI-inch Shell 136 15 10 306 631 918 1,208 .84 1.72 2.8 3.88 Shell 136 15 20 421 679 992 1,257 1.16 1.96 3. 3.94 Shell 136 20 10 410 665 1,000 1,340 1.9 4.1 Shrapnel 141 15 10 295 620 910 1,200 .8 1.7 2.7 3.7 + - - - - - - - X-inch Shell 103 12-1/2 11 340 705 970 1,230 .1 2. 2.9 3.9 Shrapnel 101 12-1/2 ... ... ... ... ... - - - - - - -+ IX-inch Shell 72-1/2 10 10-3/4 332 718 962 1,218 .9 1.96 3. 4. Shell 72-1/2 13 ... 350 740 980 1,275 .1 2.08 2.84 4.04 Shrapnel 75 10 ... 332 718 960 1,215 .8 1.9 2.9 4. + - - - - - - - 8-inch, Shell 51-1/2 9 8 330 660 970 1,260 63-cwt. .8 1.89 3.07 4.34 Shrapnel 52 9 ... 340 670 980 1,270 .9 1.8 3. 4.2 - - - - - - -+ 8-inch, Shell 51-1/2 7 7-1/2 283 579 869 1,148 55-cwt. .8 1.7 2.9 3.75 and Shrapnel 52 7 ... 290 590 880 1,160 of 6,500 lbs .8 1.6 2.8 3.9 + - - - - - - -

+ -+ -+ ELEVATION IN DEGREES. RANGES IN YARDS. TIME OF FLIGHT IN SECONDS. CLASS -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ OF KIND OF GUN. PROJECTILE. 4 deg. 5 deg. 6 deg. 7 deg. 8 deg. 9 deg. 10 deg. 11 deg. + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ XV-inch Cored shot ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Shell 1,470 1,700 1,900 2,100 ... ... ... ... 4.3 5.7 6.5 7.7 + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ XI-inch Shell 1,472 1,712 1,914 2,105 2,300 2,500 2,687 2,870 4.9 5.81 6.74 10.2 11.70 Shell 1,524 1,757 1,950 2,140 ... ... ... ... 4.99 6.04 Shell 1,660 1,975 2,255 2,490 2,690 2,870 3,025 3,170 8.6 10.2 11.8 Shrapnel 1,465 1,710 ... ... ... ... ... ... 4.7 5.6 + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ X-inch Shell 1,490 1,740 1,960 2,210 2,430 2,640 2,840 3,000 4.9 5.8 6.7 8.5 10.1 Shrapnel ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ IX-inch Shell 1,471 1,710 1,933 2,133 2,314 2,484 2,644 2,788 5.1 5.96 8. 8.6 11.5 12.9 Shell 1,520 1,750 1,980 2,200 2,395 2,580 2,750 2,910 5.20 6.24 7.16 8.36 Shrapnel 1,470 1,690 ... ... ... ... ... ... 5. 5.9 + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ 8-inch, Shell 1,540 1,770 ... ... ... ... ... ... 63-cwt 5.32 6.32 Shrapnel 1,550 1,775 ... ... ... ... ... ... 5.2 6.2 + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ 8-inch, Shell 1,413 1,657 1,866 ... 2,315 ... 2,600 ... 55-cwt. 4.78 5.82 6.90 9.70 and Shrapnel 1,420 1,660 ... ... ... ... ... ... of 6,500 lbs 4.9 5.8 + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+

+ -+ -+ ELEVATION IN DEGREES. RANGES IN YARDS. TIME OF FLIGHT IN SECONDS. CLASS -+ -+ -+ -+ OF KIND OF GUN. PROJECTILE. 12 deg. 13 deg. 14 deg. 15 deg. + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ XV-inch Cored shot ... ... ... ... Shell ... ... ... ... + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ XI-inch Shell 3,022 3,160 3,300 3,400 12.15 Shell ... ... ... ... Shell 3,305 3,435 3,550 3,650 14. 16.5 Shrapnel ... ... ... ... + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ X-inch Shell ... ... ... ... Shrapnel ... ... ... ... + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ IX-inch Shell 2,927 3,045 3,190 3,357 13.5 14.7 Shell 3,055 3,190 3,320 3,450 Shrapnel ... ... ... ... + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ 8-inch, Shell ... ... ... ... 63-cwt. Shrapnel ... ... ... ... + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ 8-inch, Shell ... ... ... ... 55-cwt. and Shrapnel ... ... ... ... of 6,500 lbs + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+

APPENDIX B.—No. VI.—Approximate Ranges of Shot-Guns and Howitzers.

- - ELEVATION IN DEGREES. RANGES IN YARDS. TIME OF FLIGHT IN SECONDS. CLASS WEIGHT HEIGHT - - - -+ OF KIND OF OF CHARGE ABOVE P.B. GUN. PROJECTILE PROJECTILE PLANE. or 0 deg. 1 deg. 2 deg. 3 deg. + - - - - - 32-pdr. Shot 32 9 8 360 760 1,150 1,440 of 1.0 2.2 3.4 4.3 57 cwt. Shell 26 6 ... 370 780 1,090 1,360 1.04 2.00 3.14 4.20 Shrapnel 32 9 ... 360 760 1,150 1.440 1.0 2.2 3.4 4.3 - - - - -+ 32-pdr. Shot 32 6 7-1/2 313 672 988 1,274 of 42 cwt. .90 2.0 3.0 4.0 and of Shell 26 6 ... 330 710 1,012 1,270 4,500 lbs. .90 1.90 3.05 4.15 Shrapnel 32 6 ... 313 672 988 1,274 .8 1.8 2.8 3.8 + - - - - - 32-pdr. Shot 32 4-1/2 7-1/2 287 581 857 1,140 of 33 cwt. Shot 32 4-1/2 15-1/3 366 655 929 1,152 1.1 2. 2.9 3.9 Shell 26 4-1/2 7-1/2 295 660 952 1,205 .90 1.85 2.85 3.85 Shrapnel 32 4-1/2 7-1/2 297 581 857 1,140 1. 1.8 2.7 3.8 - - - - -+ 32-pdr. Shot 32 4 7 250 545 800 1.047 of 27 cwt. .7 1.4 2.6 3.7 Shell 26 4 ... 320 660 920 1,120 1. 1.95 2.90 3.85 Shrapnel 32 4 ... 250 545 800 1,047 .7 1.4 2.6 3.7 + - - - - - 24-pdr. Shell 20 2 7 280 590 810 980 howitzer. .90 1.80 2.75 3.65 Shrapnel 26 2 ... 255 555 790 960 .96 1.92 2.87 3.80 - - - - -+ 12-pdr. Shell 10 1 7 270 516 730 875 heavy 1.0 1.65 2.35 3.1 howitzer. Shrapnel 13 1 ... 250 500 700 870 1. 1.9 2.8 3.7 + - - - - -

+ -+ -+ ELEVATION IN DEGREES. RANGES IN YARDS. TIME OF FLIGHT IN SECONDS. CLASS -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ OF KIND OF GUN. PROJECTILE 4 deg. 5 deg. 6 deg. 7 deg. 8 deg. 9 deg. 10 deg. 11 deg. + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ 32-pdr. Shot 1,710 1,930 2,140 2,310 2,460 2,610 2,731 ... of 5.3 6.6 7.7 10.7 57 cwt. Shell 1,620 1,850 ... ... ... ... ... ... 5.30 6.40 Shrapnel 1,710 1,930 ... ... ... ... 2,619 ... 5.3 6.6 10.8 + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ 32-pdr. Shot 1,505 1,756 ... ... ... ... ... ... of 42 cwt. 5.0 6.0 and of Shell 1,495 1,710 ... ... ... ... ... ... 4,500 lbs. 5.32 6.50 Shrapnel 1,505 1,756 ... ... ... ... ... ... 4.8 5.8 + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ 32-pdr. Shot 1,398 1,598 ... ... ... ... ... ... of 33 cwt. 1,385 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Shot 4.9 1,435 1,648 ... ... ... ... ... ... Shell 4.90 6.00 1,398 1,598 ... ... ... ... ... ... Shrapnel 4.9 6. + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ 32-pdr. Shot 1,278 1,469 1,637 ... ... ... ... ... of 27 cwt. 4.5 5.4 6.3 Shell 1,300 1,460 1,610 ... ... ... ... ... 4.80 5.75 6.7 Shrapnel 1,278 1,469 1,637 ... ... ... ... ... 4.5 5.4 6.3 + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ 24-pdr. Shell 1,125 1,270 ... ... ... ... ... ... howitzer. 4.63 5.68 Shrapnel 1.140 1,308 ... ... ... ... ... ... 4.75 5.70 + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ 12-pdr. Shell 990 1,085 ... ... ... ... ... ... heavy 3.9 4.8 howitzer. Shrapnel 1,015 1,150 ... ... ... ... ... ... 4.6 5.4 + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+

+ -+ -+ ELEVATION IN DEGREES. RANGES IN YARDS. TIME OF FLIGHT IN SECONDS. CLASS -+ -+ -+ -+ OF KIND OF GUN. PROJECTILE 12 deg. 13 deg. 14 deg. 15 deg. + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ 32-pdr. Shot ... ... ... ... of 57 cwt. Shell ... ... ... ... Shrapnel ... ... ... ... + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ 32-pdr. Shot ... ... ... ... of 42 cwt. and of Shell ... ... ... ... 4,500 lbs. Shrapnel ... ... ... ... + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ 32-pdr. Shot ... ... ... ... of 33 cwt. ... ... ... ... Shot ... ... ... ... Shell ... ... ... ... Shrapnel + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ 32-pdr. Shot ... ... ... ... of 27 cwt. Shell ... ... ... ... Shrapnel ... ... ... ... + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ 24-pdr. Shell ... ... ... ... howitzer. Shrapnel ... ... ... ... + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ 12-pdr. Shell ... ... ... ... heavy howitzer. Shrapnel ... ... ... ... + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+

APPENDIX B.—No. VII.—Approximate Ranges of Rifle-Guns.

- - - ELEVATION IN DEGREES. RANGES IN YARDS. TIME OF FLIGHT IN SECONDS. CLASS WEIGHT HEIGHT - - - -+ OF KIND OF OF CHARGE, ABOVE P.B. GUN. PROJECTILE PROJECTILE lbs. PLANE. or 0 deg. 1 deg. 2 deg. 3 deg. + - - - - - - No. 7 Parrott Solid shot 100 10 ... ... ... ... ... 100-pounder Hollow shot 80 10 ... ... ... ... ... Long shot 100 10 ... ... 500 920 1,400 4-1/4 Short shot 80 10 ... ... ... ... ... Shrapnel ... ... ... ... ... ... ... - - - - - -+ Parrott Shot 60 6 ... ... ... ... ... 60-pounder Shell 50 ... ... ... ... ... ... Shrapnel ... ... ... ... ... ... ... + - - - - - - Shot ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Can. Parrott Shell 29 3-1/4 ... ... 660 1,100 1,500 30-pounder Shrapnel ... ... ... ... ... ... ... - - - - - -+ Shot ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Can. Parrott Shell 19 2 ... ... 600 1,020 1,365 20-pounder Can. Shrapnel 20 2 ... ... 620 950 ... Can. 1-7/8 3-1/8 + - - - - - - Dahlgren Shot ... 2 ... ... ... ... ... 20-pounder Shell 20 2 8 370 815 1,155 1,440 1.4 2.4 3.4 4.5 - - - - - -+ Can. Dahlgren Shot ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... 12-pounder Shell 12 1 8 360 750 1,050 1,305 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 + - - - - - -

+ -+ -+ ELEVATION IN DEGREES. RANGES IN YARDS. TIME OF FLIGHT IN SECONDS. CLASS -+ -+ + + + + + + OF KIND OF GUN. PROJECTILE 4 deg. 5 deg. 10 deg. 15 deg. 20 deg. 25 deg. 30 deg. 35 deg. + -+ -+ -+ + + + + + + Parrott Solid shot ... 2,200 3,810 5,030 6,125 6,910 ... ... 100-pounder 6-1/2 13 18-1/4 22-1/2 29 Hollow shot ... ... ... 5,190 6,338 7,180 7,988 8,453 19 23 29-1/2 32-1/4 36-1/4 Long shot 1,700 2,150 3,700 4,790 5,830 6,820 ... ... 5-1/2 6-1/2 13 18 21-3/4 28 Short shot ... ... ... ... ... ... 7,810 ... 32-1/2 Shrapnel ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... + -+ -+ -+ + + + + + Parrott Shot ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 60-pounder Shell ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Shrapnel ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... + -+ -+ -+ + + + + + Shot ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Parrott Shell 1,860 2,200 3,500 4,800 5,700 6,700 ... ... 30-pounder 6-7/8 12-1/4 17-5/8 21-1/4 27 Shrapnel ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... + -+ -+ -+ + + + + + + Shot ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Parrott Shell 1,700 2,100 3,350 4,400 ... ... ... ... 20-pounder 6-1/2 11-1/4 17-1/4 Shrapnel ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... + -+ -+ -+ + + + + + + Dahlgren Shot ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 20-pounder Shell 1,715 1,960 ... ... ... ... ... ... 5.5 6.5 + -+ -+ -+ + + + + + + Dahlgren Shot ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 12-pounder Shell 1,550 1,770 ... ... ... ... ... ... 5.0 6.0 + -+ -+ -+ + + + + + +

APPENDIX B.—No. VIII.

Table for Finding the Distance of an Object at Sea.[1]

To use the Table, let an observer from the cross-trees measure the angle between the distant horizon and the enemy's water-line, and look into the Table with that angle; opposite to it, in the column marked distances, will be found the distance of the object in yards.

- YARDS. HEIGHT OF THE EYE ABOVE THE LEVEL OF THE SEA, IN FEET. - Distance. 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 - deg. ' deg. ' deg. ' deg. ' deg. ' deg. ' deg. ' deg. ' deg. ' 100 3.44 5.37 7.29 9.21 11.11 13.00 14.47 16.34 18.16 200 1.50 2.46 3.43 4.39 5.35 6.31 7.27 8.23 9.18 300 1.12 1.49 2.26 3.04 3.41 4.19 4.56 5.33 6.11 400 .52 1.21 1.48 2.16 2.44 3.12 3.40 4.03 4.36 500 .41 1.03 1.25 1.48 2.10 2.32 2.54 3.17 3.39 600 .34 .52 1.10 1.29 1.47 2.05 2.24 2.42 3.01 700 .28 .44 1.01 1.15 1.31 1.46 2.01 2.18 2.34 800 .24 .38 .51 1.05 1.18 1.32 1.46 2.00 2.13 900 .21 .33 .45 .57 1.09 1.22 1.33 1.45 1.57 1000 .18 .29 .40 .50 1.01 1.12 1.23 1.34 1.45 1100 .16 .26 .35 .45 .55 1.05 1.15 1.24 1.34 1200 .15 .23 .32 .41 .50 .59 1.08 1.17 1.26 1300 .13 .21 .29 .37 .45 .53 1.02 1.10 1.18 1400 .12 .19 .27 .34 .41 .49 .57 1.04 1.12 1500 .11 .18 .24 .31 .38 .45 .52 .59 1.07 1600 .10 .16 .22 .29 .35 .42 .48 .55 1.02 1700 .09 .15 .21 .27 .33 .39 .45 .51 .58 1800 .08 .14 .19 .25 .31 .36 .42 .48 .54 1900 .08 .13 .18 .23 .29 .34 .39 .45 .50 2000 .07 .12 .17 .22 .27 .32 .37 .42 .47 2100 .06 .11 .16 .20 .25 .30 .35 .40 .45 2200 .06 .10 .15 .19 .24 .28 .33 .38 .42 2300 .05 .10 .14 .18 .22 .27 .31 .36 .40 2400 .05 .09 .13 .17 .21 .25 .29 .34 .38 2500 .05 .08 .12 .16 .20 .24 .28 .32 .36 -

No correct use of this Table can be made when the proximity of land may interfere with the distance of the horizon.

APPENDIX B.—No. IX.

REPORT OF TARGET PRACTICE WITH GREAT GUNS ON BOARD U.S.S. , COMMANDING, MADE THIS DAY OF 18 , AT . } { ARMAMENT } { } {

KEY: Column A: KIND OF PROJECTILE. Column B: DISTANCE OF TARGET, IN YARDS. Column C: CALIBRE OF GUN. Column D: CLASS OF GUN. Column E: CHARGE OF POWDER. Column F: NUMBER OF FIRES. Column G: LENGTH OF FUZE, IN SECONDS OF TIME. Column H: ELEVATION OF GUN, FOR YARDS. Column J: No. of Hits. Column K: Short of Target. Column L: Beyond Target. Column M: Right of Target. Column N: Left of Target. Column O: At or near Proper Time. Column P: Too soon. Column Q: How much too soon. Column R: Not at all. S: No. Patches of Fuzed returned. T: Range sufficient to burn Fuzes. U: Range not sufficient to burn Fuzes. V: No. FIRES DIRECT. W: No. FIRES RICOCHET.

[Transcriber's note: table is two pages wide]

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -+ FALL OF PROJECTILE. BURSTING OF SHELLS. -+ - - - - - - - - A B C D E F G H J K L M N O P Q R - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -+ -+ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

+ -+ -+ SHELLS NOT N.B. Each kind of projectile, distance BURST. of target (measured or estimated), + -+ -+ -+ class of gun, and charge of powder require a separate line across the page. S T U V W REMARKS. + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+



REPORT OF TARGET PRACTICE WITH SMALL-ARMS ON BOARD THE U.S.S. ——————,——————— COMMANDING, MADE THIS———-DAY OF————, 18—, AT————-.

KEY: A: DISTANCE OF TARGET, IN YARDS. B: SIZE OF TARGET, IN FEET (SAY 6 BY 1-1/2 FEET) C: Number Fired. D: Number Shot in each Volley. E: Number of Hits. F: No. within 6 inches of Centre of Bull's-Eye. G: WHOLE SHOTS FIRED. H: KIND OF BALL USED. I: CHARGES OF POWDER.

SINGLE SHOTS KIND OF ARM USED. A B WITH DELIBERATE VOLLEYS AT (Each kind AIM ORDER "FIRE" G H I requires a - - - - - separate line.) C E F C D E F - - - - - - - - - -+ + - - - - - - - - - -

Remarks on each kind of arm used, and the general results of practice; names of those who made the best average of shots; Officers whose divisions fired best.

APPENDIX B.—No. X.

It being of great importance to know the endurance of guns in service, Commanding Officers are directed to fill up the blanks of the annexed Circular issued by the Bureau of Ordnance, November 5, 1863, as far as in their power, and forward it to the Bureau at the expiration of every quarter.

When the "total number of fires to date" cannot be ascertained, the number since the vessel has been in commission is to be stated.

Column A. Class of Gun Column B. Register No. Column C. Foundry Column D. Date of Fabrication Column E. Charge of Powder Column F. Shot Column G. Shell Column H. Shrapnel Column I. Grape Column J. Canister Column K. No. of Fires During Quarter Column L. Total No. of Fires to Date

NAME OF VESSEL. STATION.

—————————————— ———————————

+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ A B C D E F G H I J K L + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ + -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+

———————, 186-. ———————, Commander.

The object of this circular is to enable the Bureau to know, at all times, how many rounds have been fired from every gun in the service; and the following directions are to be observed in making the quarterly return of firing:

"CLASS OF GUN."—Under this head give the kind of gun; if rifled, state it; and if a 32-pounder or 8-inch, give the weight. It is not necessary to give the position of the gun in the vessel.

"REGISTER NO."—Be careful to give the register number correctly, as this is most important.

"FOUNDRY,"—Under this head give the initials on the base-ring.

"Date of fabrication" will be found on the right trunnion.

"Charge of powder" in pounds.

"Projectiles" to be entered under their appropriate heads in the blank.

"Kind of fuze" to be stated.

"Number of fires during quarter," must be given for each gun separately.

"Total number of fires to date," must include all rounds fired from each gun separately; and each succeeding quarterly report must have the "total number of fires to date" from the report next preceding (a copy of which is always to be kept on board the vessel) brought forward, added to the total for the quarter, and the aggregate placed in the last column.

The Bureau often receives reports with the last column left blank, or with "not known" written therein. Reports sent in this way are of no value whatever to the Bureau.

If a record of the total number of fires of any gun has not been kept, or if it cannot be ascertained from the Log, then vent-impressions of such gun are to be taken; and the Commanding Officer must determine, as nearly as possible, judging from these impressions, the total number of fires, and enter the same on his return. (See ORDNANCE INSTRUCTIONS, Part III.)

The Bureau expects that all Commanding Officers will, in future, have this return carefully made out; and that they will not sign or forward one of them without first being satisfied of its correctness.

FOOTNOTES:

[1] By Lieutenant W.P. Buckner, U.S.N. See a pamphlet "On the Determination of Distances at Sea," by Captain A.P. Ryder, R.N., for more extended tables of this and other methods.



APPENDIX C.—No. I.

REPORT OF AN INSPECTION

_Of the U.S.—————-, ——————— Commanding,

made by —————-, this ———— day of ————-, 186-,

at ——————————._

ARMAMENT.

{—————————————————————————————————-} { } {—————————————————————————————————-}

[These inspections are required to be made of each vessel—when first commissioned and before proceeding to sea, chiefly with reference to the completeness of her equipment and the proper stationing of her crew; semi-annually during the cruise; and at the end of it, before being paid off. As a general rule, the first and last inspections are not to take place alongside of the Navy Yard, but in the stream.]