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"Well, Master, the day is spent, the night drawes on, let us consult. Chirurgion, look to the wounded, and winde up the slain, with each a weight or bullet at their heades and feet to make them sinke, and give them three Gunnes for their funerals. Swabber, make clean the ship [sprinkle it with hot vinegar to avoid the smell of blood]; Purser, record their Names; Watch, be vigilant to keep your berth to windeward that we lose him not in the night; Gunners, spunge your Ordnance; Sowldiers, scowre your pieces; Carpenters about your leakes; Boatswaine and the rest repair your sails and shrouds; and Cooke, you observe your directions against the morning watch; Boy, Holla, Master, Holla, is the Kettle boiled? Yea, yea; Boatswaine, call up the men to prayer and breakfast [We may suppose the dawn has broken].
"Boy, fetch my cellar of bottels [case of spirits], a health to you all fore and aft, courage my hearts for a fresh charge; Gunners beat open the ports, and out with your lower tire [lower tier of guns] and bring me from the weather side to the lee, so many pieces as we have ports to bear upon him. Master lay him aboord loufe for loufe; mid Ships men, see the tops and yards well manned, with stones, fire pots and brass bailes, to throw amongst them before we enter, or if we be put off, charge them with all your great and small shot, in the smoke let us enter them in the shrouds, and every squadron at his best advantage; so sound Drums and Trumpets, and Saint George for England.
"They hang out a flag of truce, hale him a main, abase, or take in his flag [to hale one to amaine, a main or a-mayn, was to bid him surrender; to abase was to lower the colours or the topsails], strike their sails, and come aboord with their Captaine, Purser, and Gunner, with their commission, cocket, or bills of loading. Out goes the boat, they are launched from the ship's side, entertaine them with a generall cry God save the Captain and all the company with the Trumpets sounding, examine them in particular, and then conclude your conditions, with feasting, freedom or punishment as you find occasion; but alwayes have as much care to their wounded as your own, and if there be either young women or aged men, use them nobly, which is ever the nature of a generous disposition. To conclude, if you surprise him, or enter perforce, you may stow the men, rifle, pillage, or sack, and cry a prise."
Down below in the gun-decks during an action, the batteries became so full of the smoke of black powder that the men could hardly see what they were doing. The darkness prevented them from seeing the very dangerous recoiling of the guns, and many were killed by them. It was impossible to judge how a gun carriage would recoil, for it never recoiled twice in the same manner, and though the men at the side tackles did their best to reduce the shock they could not prevent it altogether. It was the custom to close the gun-ports after each discharge, as the musketeers aboard the enemy could otherwise fire through them as the men reloaded. The guns were not fired in a volley, as no ship could have stood the tremendous shock occasioned by the simultaneous discharge of all her guns. They were fired in succession, beginning from the bows. In heavy weather the lower tiers of guns were not cast loose, for the rolling made them difficult to control, and the sea came washing through the ports and into the muzzles of the guns, knocking down the men and drenching the powder. It sometimes happened that the shot, and cartridge, were rolled clean out of the guns. In sponging and ramming the men were bidden to keep the sponge or rammer on that side of them opposite to the side exposed to the enemy so that if a shot should strike it, it would not force it into the body of the holder. A man was told off to bring cartridges and shot to each gun or division of guns and he was strictly forbidden to supply any other gun or guns during the action. The wounded were to be helped below by men told off especially for the purpose. Once below, in the cockpit, they were laid on a sail, and the doctor or his mates attended to them in turn. In no case was a man attended out of his turn. This system seems equitable, and the sailors were insistent that it should be observed; but many poor fellows bled to death, from shattered arteries, etc., while waiting till the doctor should be ready. The chaplain attended in the cockpit to comfort the dying, and administer the rites of the Church. When a vessel was taken, her crew were stripped by those in want of clothes. The prisoners were handcuffed, or chained together, and placed in the hold, on the ballast. The ship's company then set to work to repair damages, clean and secure the guns, return powder, etc., to the armoury, and magazines, and to give thanks for their preservation round the main-mast.
INDEX
Action, description of ship in, 334
Allowance of food and drink, 326, 327
Alvarado, 226, etc.
—— battle of, 227 et seq.
Anastasius (church), 252
Andreas, Captain, 232, 234, 238
Antonio, Captain, 235
Arica, 259, 265, 266, 267
—— battle of, 267 et seq., 273, 274
Arquebus, 303
Barbecue, 112
Barker, Andrew, 105
Baronha, Admiral, 245
Bastimentos, 22
Bear, pinnace, 79, 82, 84
Bishop (of Panama), 255, 256, 281
Blewfields, 134
Boats (ships'), 297
Boatswains, 313
Boco del Toro, 230, 231
Boucan, 112
Bracos, De los, 180
Bradley, John, 173 et seq.
Buccaneers, rise of, 112 et seq.; customs, etc., 113; dress, 114; drunkenness, 115; cruel, 116; religious, 119; attached to comrades, 119; preparations for raids, 120 et seq.; shares of spoil, 125; at the Samballoes, 232; at Perico, 247
Buckenham, Captain, 225
Cabecas, or Cabezas, 80, 84, 88, 92, 95
Cabin-boys, 319
Campeachy, 127
Canoas, 127; capturing prizes from, 129 et seq.
Captains, 311, 322, 323, 324
Caribs, 108
Carpenters, 316
Cartagena, 11, 26, 27, 33, 35, 40, 41 et seq., 44, 45, 94
Cartridges, 300, 301
Castle Gloria, 151
Cativaas, or Catives, 9, 38, 53, 82
Cedro Bueno, halt at, 182
—— canoas sent to, 188
Chaplains, 321, 339
Chagres Castle, expedition to, under Bradley, 173 et seq.
—— Morgan's arrival at, 180
—— party sent to, 203
—— message from, 205
Chagres River, 25, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 81; also 180-210
Charesha, 26
Chatas (small Spanish boats), 179
Cheapo River, 61, 241, 279
Chapillo, 241, 253
Chirurgeons, 321
Colonies in West Indies, 110, 111
Commissions, 118
Cook, Captain, 233, 234, 256, 258, 262
Cooks (ships'), 315
Coopers, 318
Compensations, 122
Comrades, 323
Corporals, 312
Costa Rica, Morgan sails for, 149
Cox, Captain, 258, 259, 262
Coxon, Captain, 229, 233, 237, 240, 241, 243, 249, 253
—— sails for home, 254
Coxswains, 313
Crews, 319
Daggs (pistols), 304
Dampier, William, 126; early life in West Indies, 218 et seq.; ill at Campeachy, 225; ruined by storm, 226; goes pirating, ibid.; returns to England, 228; to Jamaica, 229; joins buccaneers, 230; lands on isthmus, 234; not at Perico, 246; not at Arica, 267; leaves Sharp, 276, 277; tramps across isthmus, 280, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288
Darien, Gulf of, 4, 5, 8, 31, 99
Darien isthmus. See Drake, Morgan, Dampier, etc.
Delander, R., 180
De la Barra Castle, 162
Diego, 19, 24, 31, 32, 36, 50, 51
—— Fort, 49, 51, 92
—— River, 37, 38, 49
Discomforts, 328
Discipline, 330, 331, 332
Drake, Francis (afterwards Sir Francis), born, 1; at San Juan d'Ulloa, 1, 2; at West Indies, 2, 3; sails for Nombre de Dios, 3, 4, 5; lands, 6; joins Rause, 7, 8; sails west, 9, 10; attacks Nombre de Dios, 15, 16, 20, 21; hurt, 21; receives herald, 23; goes to Cartagena, 26; establishes fort, 31; goes east, 32, 33; in Cartagena, 40, 41, etc.; returns thither, 45; starving, 46, 47; holds post mortem, 52; goes for Panama, 55 et seq.; fails to take treasure, 66; retreats, 68; at Venta Cruz, 69; returns to Hixom, 77; goes to Veragua, 80, 81; meets Captain Tetu, 82; makes his great raid, 84, 85, 86, 88; builds raft, 89-90; his bravado, 94; arrives at Plymouth, 96; mentioned, 97; sacks St Domingo, 110; his island, 259, 260
—— John, 29, 30, 31, 32, 37
—— Joseph, 52
Entertainments, 325
Estera longa Lemos (near Porto Bello), 153
Firing (of cannon), 301; and aiming, 305, 306
Fort Jeronimo (at Porto Bello), 151
Francisco River (St Francis River), 9, 84, 88, 91, 92
French in West Indies, 111, 117
—— buccaneer commissions, 118
Fumigations, 329
Gabriele, Josef, 239
Galleons, 292, 293
Galliasses, 292, 293
Galleys, 291
Gambling, 131
Garret, John, 6
Gayny, G., 283, 285, 286, 287
Gear (sailors'), 296
Gibraltar (in Maracaibo), 162
Glub, Charles, 49
Golden Island, 232
Gorgona, 259, 276
Grummets, 320
Guasco (Huasco), 274
Gunners, 300, 301, 302, 304, 305, 308, 309, 312
Guns, 298 et seq., 307; list of, 303
Guzman, Don John Perez, takes Santa Katalina, 138. See also Panama battle
Harris, Captain, 233, 237; killed and buried, 253
Hawkins, Sir R., 98, 99; his story of Oxenham, 105
Hayti, 106
Hilo (Ylo or Ilo), 260, 273, 274
Hispaniola, 106, 107 et seq., 114
Hixom, Ellis, 48, 54, 56, 75, 76, 77
Hobby, Mr, 229
Hunters, 108, 109
Indians, 121, 265, 279
Iquique (Yqueque), 264
Iron Castle (at Porto Bello), 139, 151, 158
Jamaica, 118, 229, 289
Jobson (or Cobson), 284, 287
Joiners, 316
Juan Fernandez, 261, 264
Katalina, Santa, Mansvelt goes to, 135
—— Morgan takes, 171
King Golden Cap, 236, 237, 239, 241, 246, 253, 255
La Serena, 260
Las Serenas, 44
La Sounds Key, 285, 287, 288
Liars, 320
Lieutenants, 311
Linstocks, 309
Lion, pinnace, 53, 84
Logwood cutting, 127; description of, 222
Longships, 291
Lorenzo, San, Castle of, 173; taken, 176; Morgan's return to, 213; destroyed, 214
Magdalena, 31, 37
Main, the, 28, 39, 83, 123, 124, 127
Mansvelt, Dutch pirate, cruises in South Seas, 135; his plans, 134; meets Henry Morgan, 135; sails with him, ibid.; takes Santa Katalina, 135; seeks recruits and recognition from English Governor, 136; is refused help, 137; sails to Tortuga, 137; dies, 139
Maracaibo, 162
Maroons, 24, 28, 36, 38, 51, 53, 54, 56, 58, 59, 60, 62, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 74, 75, 76, 85, 89, 95, 99, 100, 101, 102
Marygalante, 4
Masts, 294
Masters, 312, 322
Minion, pinnace, 49, 79
Moone, T., 2, 29
Morgan, Henry (afterwards Sir Henry), meets Mansvelt, 135; sails with him, ibid.; tries to get help from New England, 139; gathers fleet, 140; goes for Puerto del Principe, 141; battle there, 142; town taken, 142; stay there, 143; mutiny and fight, 145; defection of French allies, 146; returns to Port Royal, 146; sails for Costa Rica, 149; lands, 153; takes a fort, 155; attacks Porto Bello, 156; takes it, 157; receives summons from Panama, 159; defeats Spanish troops, 160; receives ransom, 160; returns to Port Royal, 161; goes for Maracaibo, 162; summons De la Barra Castle, 163; the fireship, 164; Spanish rally, 164; Morgan's stratagem, 166; his return to Port Royal, 167; goes for Main, 168, 169; takes Santa Katalina, 177; sails for Chagres, 179; reaches Venta Cruz, 187; sees Panama, 190; takes it, 199, etc.; burns his ships, 209; leaves ruins, 210; returns to Venta Cruz, 212; destroys San Lorenzo, 214; returns to Port Royal, 215; becomes Governor of Jamaica, 216
Mosquito Indians, 122, 123, 124, 125
Mule trains (or recuas), 65, 66, 67, 85
Munjack, 228
Muskets, 303
Mutiny, 257
Nombre De Dios, 3, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14; description of, 16, 17, 18, etc.; attack on, 27, 28, 62, 63, 64, 65, 84, 85, 98, 99, 103, 104
Norman, Captain, 180, 205
One Bush Key, 219, 221, 224
Ortega, John de, 100, 101
Oxenham, John, 17, 18, 39, 43, 61, 64, 65, 79, 81, 82, 93, 98; sails on his raid, 98; builds ship, 99; raids South Seas, 100; mutiny, 102, 103; Spaniards take him, 104; and hang him, 104, 108
Panama, 8, 11, 12, 15, 39, 54, 55, 61, 62, 243, 244, 252, 254, 255
—— description of, 192.
—— Morgan's sight of, 190
—— Governor of. See Guzman, 159, 160.
Parrots, at Alvarado, 227
Pascha, a ship, 3, 30, 31, 32, 79, 81, 94, 95
Pavesses, 294
Pearl Islands, 100, 101, 244
Pedro, 57, 60, 95
Penn, 117
Peralta, Don, 206, 245, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 258, 261
Periaguas, 127
Perico, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 250-253
Petticoat (a sky-blue), 279
Petty tally, 324, 325
Pezoro, 79, 80, 81
Pike, Robert, 65, 67, 78
Pine Islands, 8, 9, 20
Pinnaces, 3, 7
Plenty, Port, 36
Plymouth, 3, 4, 96, 98
Porto Bello, 11, 13, 15; description, 150 et seq.; attacked and sacked, 154 et seq.; 230, 231
Port Pheasant, 5
Port Royal, 132
—— Morgan's return to, 215
—— Dampier arrives at, 221
Porto Santo, 4
Provisions, 326, 327, 328
Puebla Nueva, 256
Puerto del Principe, 140, 141 et seq.
Pursers, 314
Quartermasters, 314
Quibo, 256, 257, 258, 259
Raft (Drake's), 89, 90
Rause, Captain, 7, 9, 25
Rigging, ancient, 295
Ringrose, Basil, 234, 237, 241, 243, 244, 247, 248, 349, 250
—— at Arica, 267, 268, 269, 273, 288, 289
Rio de la Hacha, 47, 169
Rio Grande, 32, 33, 46
Roundships, 291
Sails, 294, 295, 296, 297
Sailing from port, 322, 323
San Andreas, 127
—— Antonio, 96
—— Barnardo, 26, 28, 40, 50, 94
—— Domingo, 106, 107
—— Juan d'Ulloa, 1, 2, 12
—— Miguel, 277
Santa Maria, 232, 238, 239, 240, 253
—— Martha, 5, 47
—— Pecaque, 289
Savannahs, 61
Sawkins, Richard, Captain, 229, 233, 236, 240, 243, 248, 249, 250, 253, 254, 255, 256; killed, 257, 262, 263, 281
Scrivanos, 28, 41, 53
Sea-fighting, 334, 335, 336, 337
Searles, Captain, 206
Sharp, Captain Bartholomew, 229, 233, 237, 238, 241, 242, 243, 244, 252, 253, 254, 255; takes prizes, 257; elected admiral, 258, 259, 262, 265; at Arica, 267, 270, 271, 274, 275, 288, 289, 290
Ship-boys, 319
Simon Le Sieur, 136, 137, 138
Smith, Captain John, 89
Springer, Captain, 248
—— his key, 286
Stewards, 315
Swabbers, 319, 320
Swan, a ship, 2, 3, 29, 30
Tawnymores (a ship of), 247, 248, 249, 251
Tetu, Captain, 82, 83, 84, 86; hurt, 86, 87, 91
Tiburon, Cape, 169
Tocamora, 231
Tolu, 6, 36, 53, 79
Top-arming, 294
Torna Munni, 183
Tortuga, 111, 112, 115, 117
Tree (a great), 60, 61
Trinity, the Most Blessed, a Spanish galleon, 206, 251, 253, 259, 260, 261, 263, 264, 288, 289
Tristian, Captain, 285
Trumpeters, 318
Tucker, Francis, 95
Venables, 117
Venta Cruz, 25, 62, 65, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 75, 85, 187, 212
Veragua, 78, 79, 80, 81
Villa del Rey, 35
Wafer, Lionel, 234, 276, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 287
Watling, John, 262, 263, 264, 266; attacks Arica, 267, 268, 269; shot, 270
Ylo, 260, 273, 274
Yqueque, 264, 265
Younkers, 320
Ysabel Nueva, 106
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