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TITLE XV—TRANSITION

Subtitle A—Reorganization Plan

SEC. 1501. [6 U.S.C. 541] DEFINITIONS.

For purposes of this title: (1) The term "agency'' includes any entity, organizational unit, program, or function. (2) The term "transition period'' means the 12- month period beginning on the effective date of this Act.

SEC. 1502. [6 U.S.C. 542] REORGANIZATION PLAN.

(a) Submission of Plan.—Not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall transmit to the appropriate congressional committees a reorganization plan regarding the following: (1) The transfer of agencies, personnel, assets, and obligations to the Department pursuant to this Act. (2) Any consolidation, reorganization, or streamlining of agencies transferred to the Department pursuant to this Act. (b) Plan Elements.—The plan transmitted under subsection (a) shall contain, consistent with this Act, such elements as the President deems appropriate, including the following: (1) Identification of any functions of agencies transferred to the Department pursuant to this Act that will not be transferred to the Department under the plan. (2) Specification of the steps to be taken by the Secretary to organize the Department, including the delegation or assignment of functions transferred to the Department among officers of the Department in order to permit the Department to carry out the functions transferred under the plan. (3) Specification of the funds available to each agency that will be transferred to the Department as a result of transfers under the plan. (4) Specification of the proposed allocations within the Department of unexpended funds transferred in connection with transfers under the plan. (5) Specification of any proposed disposition of property, facilities, contracts, records, and other assets and obligations of agencies transferred under the plan. (6) Specification of the proposed allocations within the Department of the functions of the agencies and subdivisions that are not related directly to securing the homeland. (c) Modification of Plan.—The President may, on the basis of consultations with the appropriate congressional committees, modify or revise any part of the plan until that part of the plan becomes effective in accordance with subsection (d). (d) Effective Date.— (1) In general.—The reorganization plan described in this section, including any modifications or revisions of the plan under subsection (d), shall become effective for an agency on the earlier of— (A) the date specified in the plan (or the plan as modified pursuant to subsection (d)), except that such date may not be earlier than 90 days after the date the President has transmitted the reorganization plan to the appropriate congressional committees pursuant to subsection (a); or (B) the end of the transition period. (2) Statutory construction.—Nothing in this subsection may be construed to require the transfer of functions, personnel, records, balances of appropriations, or other assets of an agency on a single date. (3) Supersedes existing law.—Paragraph (1) shall apply notwithstanding section 905(b) of title 5, United States Code.

SEC. 1503. [6 U.S.C. 543] REVIEW OF CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE STRUCTURES.

It is the sense of Congress that each House of Congress should review its committee structure in light of the reorganization of responsibilities within the executive branch by the establishment of the Department.

Subtitle B—Transitional Provisions

SEC. 1511. [6 U.S.C. 551] TRANSITIONAL AUTHORITIES.

(a) Provision of Assistance by Officials.—Until the transfer of an agency to the Department, any official having authority over or functions relating to the agency immediately before the effective date of this Act shall provide to the Secretary such assistance, including the use of personnel and assets, as the Secretary may request in preparing for the transfer and integration of the agency into the Department. (b) Services and Personnel.—During the transition period, upon the request of the Secretary, the head of any executive agency may, on a reimbursable basis, provide services or detail personnel to assist with the transition. (c) Acting Officials.—(1) During the transition period, pending the advice and consent of the Senate to the appointment of an officer required by this Act to be appointed by and with such advice and consent, the President may designate any officer whose appointment was required to be made by and with such advice and consent and who was such an officer immediately before the effective date of this Act (and who continues in office) or immediately before such designation, to act in such office until the same is filled as provided in this Act. While so acting, such officers shall receive compensation at the higher of— (A) the rates provided by this Act for the respective offices in which they act; or (B) the rates provided for the offices held at the time of designation. (2) Nothing in this Act shall be understood to require the advice and consent of the Senate to the appointment by the President to a position in the Department of any officer whose agency is transferred to the Department pursuant to this Act and whose duties following such transfer are germane to those performed before such transfer. (d) Transfer of Personnel, Assets, Obligations, and Functions.—Upon the transfer of an agency to the Department— (1) the personnel, assets, and obligations held by or available in connection with the agency shall be transferred to the Secretary for appropriate allocation, subject to the approval of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget and in accordance with the provisions of section 1531(a)(2) of title 31, United States Code; and (2) the Secretary shall have all functions relating to the agency that any other official could by law exercise in relation to the agency immediately before such transfer, and shall have in addition all functions vested in the Secretary by this Act or other law. (e) Prohibition on Use of Transportation Trust Funds.— (1) In general.—Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act, no funds derived from the Highway Trust Fund, Airport and Airway Trust Fund, Inland Waterway Trust Fund, or Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund, may be transferred to, made available to, or obligated by the Secretary or any other official in the Department. (2) Limitation.—This subsection shall not apply to security-related funds provided to the Federal Aviation Administration for fiscal years preceding fiscal year 2003 for (A) operations, (B) facilities and equipment, or (C) research, engineering, and development, and to any funds provided to the Coast Guard from the Sport Fish Restoration and Boating Trust Fund for boating safety programs.

SEC. 1512. [6 U.S.C. 552] SAVINGS PROVISIONS.

(a) Completed Administrative Actions.—(1) Completed administrative actions of an agency shall not be affected by the enactment of this Act or the transfer of such agency to the Department, but shall continue in effect according to their terms until amended, modified, superseded, terminated, set aside, or revoked in accordance with law by an officer of the United States or a court of competent jurisdiction, or by operation of law. (2) For purposes of paragraph (1), the term "completed administrative action'' includes orders, determinations, rules, regulations, personnel actions, permits, agreements, grants, contracts, certificates, licenses, registrations, and privileges. (b) Pending Proceedings.—Subject to the authority of the Secretary under this Act— (1) pending proceedings in an agency, including notices of proposed rulemaking, and applications for licenses, permits, certificates, grants, and financial assistance, shall continue notwithstanding the enactment of this Act or the transfer of the agency to the Department, unless discontinued or modified under the same terms and conditions and to the same extent that such discontinuance could have occurred if such enactment or transfer had not occurred; and (2) orders issued in such proceedings, and appeals therefrom, and payments made pursuant to such orders, shall issue in the same manner and on the same terms as if this Act had not been enacted or the agency had not been transferred, and any such orders shall continue in effect until amended, modified, superseded, terminated, set aside, or revoked by an officer of the United States or a court of competent jurisdiction, or by operation of law. (c) Pending Civil Actions.—Subject to the authority of the Secretary under this Act, pending civil actions shall continue notwithstanding the enactment of this Act or the transfer of an agency to the Department, and in such civil actions, proceedings shall be had, appeals taken, and judgments rendered and enforced in the same manner and with the same effect as if such enactment or transfer had not occurred. (d) References.—References relating to an agency that is transferred to the Department in statutes, Executive orders, rules, regulations, directives, or delegations of authority that precede such transfer or the effective date of this Act shall be deemed to refer, as appropriate, to the Department, to its officers, employees, or agents, or to its corresponding organizational units or functions. Statutory reporting requirements that applied in relation to such an agency immediately before the effective date of this Act shall continue to apply following such transfer if they refer to the agency by name. (e) Employment Provisions.—(1) Notwithstanding the generality of the foregoing (including subsections (a) and (d)), in and for the Department the Secretary may, in regulations prescribed jointly with the Director of the Office of Personnel Management, adopt the rules, procedures, terms, and conditions, established by statute, rule, or regulation before the effective date of this Act, relating to employment in any agency transferred to the Department pursuant to this Act; and (2) except as otherwise provided in this Act, or under authority granted by this Act, the transfer pursuant to this Act of personnel shall not alter the terms and conditions of employment, including compensation, of any employee so transferred. (f) Statutory Reporting Requirements.—Any statutory reporting requirement that applied to an agency, transferred to the Department under this Act, immediately before the effective date of this Act shall continue to apply following that transfer if the statutory requirement refers to the agency by name.

SEC. 1513. [6 U.S.C. 553] TERMINATIONS.

Except as otherwise provided in this Act, whenever all the functions vested by law in any agency have been transferred pursuant to this Act, each position and office the incumbent of which was authorized to receive compensation at the rates prescribed for an office or position at level II, III, IV, or V, of the Executive Schedule, shall terminate.

SEC. 1514. [6 U.S.C. 554] NATIONAL IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM NOT AUTHORIZED.

Nothing in this Act shall be construed to authorize the development of a national identification system or card.

SEC. 1515. [6 U.S.C. 555] CONTINUITY OF INSPECTOR GENERAL OVERSIGHT.

Notwithstanding the transfer of an agency to the Department pursuant to this Act, the Inspector General that exercised oversight of such agency prior to such transfer shall continue to exercise oversight of such agency during the period of time, if any, between the transfer of such agency to the Department pursuant to this Act and the appointment of the Inspector General of the Department of Homeland Security in accordance with section 103(b).

SEC. 1516. [6 U.S.C. 556] INCIDENTAL TRANSFERS.

The Director of the Office of Management and Budget, in consultation with the Secretary, is authorized and directed to make such additional incidental dispositions of personnel, assets, and liabilities held, used, arising from, available, or to be made available, in connection with the functions transferred by this Act, as the Director may determine necessary to accomplish the purposes of this Act.

SEC. 1517. [6 U.S.C. 557] REFERENCE.

With respect to any function transferred by or under this Act (including under a reorganization plan that becomes effective under section 1502) and exercised on or after the effective date of this Act, reference in any other Federal law to any department, commission, or agency or any officer or office the functions of which are so transferred shall be deemed to refer to the Secretary, other official, or component of the Department to which such function is so transferred.

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TITLE XVII—CONFORMING AND TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS

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SEC. 1702. EXECUTIVE SCHEDULE.

(a) * * *

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(b) [5 U.S.C. 5315 note] Special Effective Date.— Notwithstanding section 4, the amendment made by subsection (a)(5) shall take effect on the date on which the transfer of functions specified under section 441 takes effect.

SEC. 1703. UNITED STATES SECRET SERVICE.

(a) * * * (b) [3 U.S.C. 202 note] Effective Date.—The amendments made by this section shall take effect on the date of transfer of the United States Secret Service to the Department.

SEC. 1704. COAST GUARD.

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(g) [10 U.S.C. 101 note] Effective Date.—The amendments made by this section (other than subsection (f)) shall take effect on the date of transfer of the Coast Guard to the Department.

SEC. 1705. STRATEGIC NATIONAL STOCKPILE AND SMALLPOX VACCINE DEVELOPMENT.

(a) * * *

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(b) [42 U.S.C. 247d-6b note] Effective Date.—The amendments made by this section shall take effect on the date of transfer of the Strategic National Stockpile of the Department of Health and Human Services to the Department.

SEC. 1706. TRANSFER OF CERTAIN SECURITY AND LAW ENFORCEMENT FUNCTIONS AND AUTHORITIES.

(a) * * *

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(2) [40 U.S.C. 1315 note] Delegation of authority.—The Secretary may delegate authority for the protection of specific buildings to another Federal agency where, in the Secretary's discretion, the Secretary determines it necessary for the protection of that building.

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SEC. 1708. [50 U.S.C. 1522 NOTE] NATIONAL BIO-WEAPONS DEFENSE ANALYSIS CENTER.

There is established in the Department of Defense a National Bio-Weapons Defense Analysis Center, whose mission is to develop countermeasures to potential attacks by terrorists using weapons of mass destruction.

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Sec. 1714. [6 U.S.C. 103] Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act, any report, notification, or consultation addressing directly or indirectly the use of appropriated funds and stipulated by this Act to be submitted to, or held with, the Congress or any Congressional committee shall also be submitted to, or held with, the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and the House of Representatives under the same conditions and with the same restrictions as stipulated by this Act.

TITLE XVIII—EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS

SEC. 1801. [6 U.S.C. 571] OFFICE OF EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS.

(a) In General.—There is established in the Department an Office of Emergency Communications. (b) Director.—The head of the office shall be the Director for Emergency Communications. The Director shall report to the Assistant Secretary for Cybersecurity and Communications. (c) Responsibilities.—The Director for Emergency Communications shall— (1) assist the Secretary in developing and implementing the program described in section 7303(a)(1) of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (6 U.S.C. 194(a)(1)), except as provided in section 314; (2) administer the Department's responsibilities and authorities relating to the SAFECOM Program, excluding elements related to research, development, testing, and evaluation and standards; (3) administer the Department's responsibilities and authorities relating to the Integrated Wireless Network program; (4) conduct extensive, nationwide outreach to support and promote the ability of emergency response providers and relevant government officials to continue to communicate in the event of natural disasters, acts of terrorism, and other man-made disasters; (5) conduct extensive, nationwide outreach and foster the development of interoperable emergency communications capabilities by State, regional, local, and tribal governments and public safety agencies, and by regional consortia thereof; (6) provide technical assistance to State, regional, local, and tribal government officials with respect to use of interoperable emergency communications capabilities; (7) coordinate with the Regional Administrators regarding the activities of Regional Emergency Communications Coordination Working Groups under section 1805; (8) promote the development of standard operating procedures and best practices with respect to use of interoperable emergency communications capabilities for incident response, and facilitate the sharing of information on such best practices for achieving, maintaining, and enhancing interoperable emergency communications capabilities for such response; (9) coordinate, in cooperation with the National Communications System, the establishment of a national response capability with initial and ongoing planning, implementation, and training for the deployment of communications equipment for relevant State, local, and tribal governments and emergency response providers in the event of a catastrophic loss of local and regional emergency communications services; (10) assist the President, the National Security Council, the Homeland Security Council, and the Director of the Office of Management and Budget in ensuring the continued operation of the telecommunications functions and responsibilities of the Federal Government, excluding spectrum management; (11) establish, in coordination with the Director of the Office for Interoperability and Compatibility, requirements for interoperable emergency communications capabilities, which shall be nonproprietary where standards for such capabilities exist, for all public safety radio and data communications systems and equipment purchased using homeland security assistance administered by the Department, excluding any alert and warning device, technology, or system; (12) review, in consultation with the Assistant Secretary for Grants and Training, all interoperable emergency communications plans of Federal, State, local, and tribal governments, including Statewide and tactical interoperability plans, developed pursuant to homeland security assistance administered by the Department, but excluding spectrum allocation and management related to such plans; (13) develop and update periodically, as appropriate, a National Emergency Communications Plan under section 1802; (14) perform such other duties of the Department necessary to support and promote the ability of emergency response providers and relevant government officials to continue to communicate in the event of natural disasters, acts of terrorism, and other man- made disasters; and (15) perform other duties of the Department necessary to achieve the goal of and maintain and enhance interoperable emergency communications capabilities. (d) Performance of Previously Transferred Functions.—The Secretary shall transfer to, and administer through, the Director for Emergency Communications the following programs and responsibilities: (1) The SAFECOM Program, excluding elements related to research, development, testing, and evaluation and standards. (2) The responsibilities of the Chief Information Officer related to the implementation of the Integrated Wireless Network. (3) The Interoperable Communications Technical Assistance Program. (e) Coordination.—The Director for Emergency Communications shall coordinate— (1) as appropriate, with the Director of the Office for Interoperability and Compatibility with respect to the responsibilities described in section 314; and (2) with the Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency with respect to the responsibilities described in this title. (f) Sufficiency of Resources Plan.— (1) Report.—Not later than 120 days after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on the resources and staff necessary to carry out fully the responsibilities under this title. (2) Comptroller general review.—The Comptroller General shall review the validity of the report submitted by the Secretary under paragraph (1). Not later than 60 days after the date on which such report is submitted, the Comptroller General shall submit to Congress a report containing the findings of such review.

SEC. 1802. [6 U.S.C. 572] NATIONAL EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS PLAN.

(a) In General.—The Secretary, acting through the Director for Emergency Communications, and in cooperation with the Department of National Communications System (as appropriate), shall, in cooperation with State, local, and tribal governments, Federal departments and agencies, emergency response providers, and the private sector, develop not later than 180 days after the completion of the baseline assessment under section 1803, and periodically update, a National Emergency Communications Plan to provide recommendations regarding how the United States should— (1) support and promote the ability of emergency response providers and relevant government officials to continue to communicate in the event of natural disasters, acts of terrorism, and other man-made disasters; and (2) ensure, accelerate, and attain interoperable emergency communications nationwide. (b) Coordination.—The Emergency Communications Preparedness Center under section 1806 shall coordinate the development of the Federal aspects of the National Emergency Communications Plan. (c) Contents.—The National Emergency Communications Plan shall— (1) include recommendations developed in consultation with the Federal Communications Commission and the National Institute of Standards and Technology for a process for expediting national voluntary consensus standards for emergency communications equipment for the purchase and use by public safety agencies of interoperable emergency communications equipment and technologies; (2) identify the appropriate capabilities necessary for emergency response providers and relevant government officials to continue to communicate in the event of natural disasters, acts of terrorism, and other man-made disasters; (3) identify the appropriate interoperable emergency communications capabilities necessary for Federal, State, local, and tribal governments in the event of natural disasters, acts of terrorism, and other man-made disasters; (4) recommend both short-term and long-term solutions for ensuring that emergency response providers and relevant government officials can continue to communicate in the event of natural disasters, acts of terrorism, and other man-made disasters; (5) recommend both short-term and long-term solutions for deploying interoperable emergency communications systems for Federal, State, local, and tribal governments throughout the Nation, including through the provision of existing and emerging technologies; (6) identify how Federal departments and agencies that respond to natural disasters, acts of terrorism, and other man-made disasters can work effectively with State, local, and tribal governments, in all States, and with other entities; (7) identify obstacles to deploying interoperable emergency communications capabilities nationwide and recommend short-term and long-term measures to overcome those obstacles, including recommendations for multijurisdictional coordination among Federal, State, local, and tribal governments; (8) recommend goals and timeframes for the deployment of emergency, command-level communications systems based on new and existing equipment across the United States and develop a timetable for the deployment of interoperable emergency communications systems nationwide; (9) recommend appropriate measures that emergency response providers should employ to ensure the continued operation of relevant governmental communications infrastructure in the event of natural disasters, acts of terrorism, or other man-made disasters; and (10) set a date, including interim benchmarks, as appropriate, by which State, local, and tribal governments, Federal departments and agencies, and emergency response providers expect to achieve a baseline level of national interoperable communications, as that term is defined under section 7303(g)(1) of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (6 U.S.C. 194(g)(1)).

SEC. 1803. [6 U.S.C. 573] ASSESSMENTS AND REPORTS.

(a) Baseline Assessment.—Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this section and not less than every 5 years thereafter, the Secretary, acting through the Director for Emergency Communications, shall conduct an assessment of Federal, State, local, and tribal governments that— (1) defines the range of capabilities needed by emergency response providers and relevant government officials to continue to communicate in the event of natural disasters, acts of terrorism, and other man- made disasters; (2) defines the range of interoperable emergency communications capabilities needed for specific events; (3) assesses the current available capabilities to meet such communications needs; (4) identifies the gap between such current capabilities and defined requirements; and (5) includes a national interoperable emergency communications inventory to be completed by the Secretary of Homeland Security, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission that— (A) identifies for each Federal department and agency— (i) the channels and frequencies used; (ii) the nomenclature used to refer to each channel or frequency used; and (iii) the types of communications systems and equipment used; and (B) identifies the interoperable emergency communications systems in use by public safety agencies in the United States. (b) Classified Annex.—The baseline assessment under this section may include a classified annex including information provided under subsection (a)(5)(A). (c) Savings Clause.—In conducting the baseline assessment under this section, the Secretary may incorporate findings from assessments conducted before, or ongoing on, the date of enactment of this title. (d) Progress Reports.—Not later than one year after the date of enactment of this section and biennially thereafter, the Secretary, acting through the Director for Emergency Communications, shall submit to Congress a report on the progress of the Department in achieving the goals of, and carrying out its responsibilities under, this title, including— (1) a description of the findings of the most recent baseline assessment conducted under subsection (a); (2) a determination of the degree to which interoperable emergency communications capabilities have been attained to date and the gaps that remain for interoperability to be achieved; (3) an evaluation of the ability to continue to communicate and to provide and maintain interoperable emergency communications by emergency managers, emergency response providers, and relevant government officials in the event of— (A) natural disasters, acts of terrorism, or other man-made disasters, including Incidents of National Significance declared by the Secretary under the National Response Plan; and (B) a catastrophic loss of local and regional communications services; (4) a list of best practices relating to the ability to continue to communicate and to provide and maintain interoperable emergency communications in the event of natural disasters, acts of terrorism, or other man-made disasters; and (A) an evaluation of the feasibility and desirability of the Department developing, on its own or in conjunction with the Department of Defense, a mobile communications capability, modeled on the Army Signal Corps, that could be deployed to support emergency communications at the site of natural disasters, acts of terrorism, or other man-made disasters.

SEC. 1804. [6 U.S.C. 574] COORDINATION OF DEPARTMENT EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS GRANT PROGRAMS.

(a) Coordination of Grants and Standards Programs.—The Secretary, acting through the Director for Emergency Communications, shall ensure that grant guidelines for the use of homeland security assistance administered by the Department relating to interoperable emergency communications are coordinated and consistent with the goals and recommendations in the National Emergency Communications Plan under section 1802. (b) Denial of Eligibility for Grants.— (1) In general.—The Secretary, acting through the Assistant Secretary for Grants and Planning, and in consultation with the Director for Emergency Communications, may prohibit any State, local, or tribal government from using homeland security assistance administered by the Department to achieve, maintain, or enhance emergency communications capabilities, if— (A) such government has not complied with the requirement to submit a Statewide Interoperable Communications Plan as required by section 7303(f) of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (6 U.S.C. 194(f)); (B) such government has proposed to upgrade or purchase new equipment or systems that do not meet or exceed any applicable national voluntary consensus standards and has not provided a reasonable explanation of why such equipment or systems will serve the needs of the applicant better than equipment or systems that meet or exceed such standards; and (C) as of the date that is 3 years after the date of the completion of the initial National Emergency Communications Plan under section 1802, national voluntary consensus standards for interoperable emergency communications capabilities have not been developed and promulgated. (2) Standards.—The Secretary, in coordination with the Federal Communications Commission, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, and other Federal departments and agencies with responsibility for standards, shall support the development, promulgation, and updating as necessary of national voluntary consensus standards for interoperable emergency communications.

SEC. 1805. [6 U.S.C. 575] REGIONAL EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS COORDINATION.

(a) In General.—There is established in each Regional Office a Regional Emergency Communications Coordination Working Group (in this section referred to as an "RECC Working Group''). Each RECC Working Group shall report to the relevant Regional Administrator and coordinate its activities with the relevant Regional Advisory Council. (b) Membership.—Each RECC Working Group shall consist of the following: (1) Non-federal.—Organizations representing the interests of the following: (A) State officials. (B) Local government officials, including sheriffs. (C) State police departments. (D) Local police departments. (E) Local fire departments. (F) Public safety answering points (9-1-1 services). (G) State emergency managers, homeland security directors, or representatives of State Administrative Agencies. (H) Local emergency managers or homeland security directors. (I) Other emergency response providers as appropriate. (2) Federal.—Representatives from the Department, the Federal Communications Commission, and other Federal departments and agencies with responsibility for coordinating interoperable emergency communications with or providing emergency support services to State, local, and tribal governments. (c) Coordination.—Each RECC Working Group shall coordinate its activities with the following: (1) Communications equipment manufacturers and vendors (including broadband data service providers). (2) Local exchange carriers. (3) Local broadcast media. (4) Wireless carriers. (5) Satellite communications services. (6) Cable operators. (7) Hospitals. (8) Public utility services. (9) Emergency evacuation transit services. (10) Ambulance services. (11) HAM and amateur radio operators. (12) Representatives from other private sector entities and nongovernmental organizations as the Regional Administrator determines appropriate. (d) Duties.—The duties of each RECC Working Group shall include— (1) assessing the survivability, sustainability, and interoperability of local emergency communications systems to meet the goals of the National Emergency Communications Plan; (2) reporting annually to the relevant Regional Administrator, the Director for Emergency Communications, the Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission, and the Assistant Secretary for Communications and Information of the Department of Commerce on the status of its region in building robust and sustainable interoperable voice and data emergency communications networks and, not later than 60 days after the completion of the initial National Emergency Communications Plan under section 1802, on the progress of the region in meeting the goals of such plan; (3) ensuring a process for the coordination of effective multijurisdictional, multi-agency emergency communications networks for use during natural disasters, acts of terrorism, and other man-made disasters through the expanded use of emergency management and public safety communications mutual aid agreements; and (4) coordinating the establishment of Federal, State, local, and tribal support services and networks designed to address the immediate and critical human needs in responding to natural disasters, acts of terrorism, and other man-made disasters.

SEC. 1806. [6 U.S.C. 576] EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS PREPAREDNESS CENTER.

(a) Establishment.—There is established the Emergency Communications Preparedness Center (in this section referred to as the "Center''). (b) Operation.—The Secretary, the Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Commerce, the Attorney General of the United States, and the heads of other Federal departments and agencies or their designees shall jointly operate the Center in accordance with the Memorandum of Understanding entitled, "Emergency Communications Preparedness Center (ECPC) Charter''. (c) Functions.—The Center shall— (1) serve as the focal point for interagency efforts and as a clearinghouse with respect to all relevant intergovernmental information to support and promote (including specifically by working to avoid duplication, hindrances, and counteractive efforts among the participating Federal departments and agencies)— (A) the ability of emergency response providers and relevant government officials to continue to communicate in the event of natural disasters, acts of terrorism, and other man- made disasters; and (B) interoperable emergency communications; (2) prepare and submit to Congress, on an annual basis, a strategic assessment regarding the coordination efforts of Federal departments and agencies to advance— (A) the ability of emergency response providers and relevant government officials to continue to communicate in the event of natural disasters, acts of terrorism, and other man- made disasters; and (B) interoperable emergency communications; (3) consider, in preparing the strategic assessment under paragraph (2), the goals stated in the National Emergency Communications Plan under section 1802; and (4) perform such other functions as are provided in the Emergency Communications Preparedness Center (ECPC) Charter described in subsection (b)(1).

SEC. 1807. [6 U.S.C. 577] URBAN AND OTHER HIGH RISK AREA COMMUNICATIONS CAPABILITIES.

(a) In General.—The Secretary, in consultation with the Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission and the Secretary of Defense, and with appropriate State, local, and tribal government officials, shall provide technical guidance, training, and other assistance, as appropriate, to support the rapid establishment of consistent, secure, and effective interoperable emergency communications capabilities in the event of an emergency in urban and other areas determined by the Secretary to be at consistently high levels of risk from natural disasters, acts of terrorism, and other man-made disasters. (b) Minimum Capabilities.—The interoperable emergency communications capabilities established under subsection (a) shall ensure the ability of all levels of government, emergency response providers, the private sector, and other organizations with emergency response capabilities— (1) to communicate with each other in the event of an emergency; (2) to have appropriate and timely access to the Information Sharing Environment described in section 1016 of the National Security Intelligence Reform Act of 2004 (6 U.S.C. 321); and (3) to be consistent with any applicable State or Urban Area homeland strategy or plan.

SEC. 1808. [6 U.S.C. 578] DEFINITION.

In this title, the term "interoperable'' has the meaning given the term "interoperable communications'' under section 7303(g)(1) of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (6 U.S.C. 194(g)(1)).

SEC. 1809. [6 U.S.C. 579] INTEROPERABLE EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS GRANT PROGRAM.

(a) Establishment.—The Secretary shall establish the Interoperable Emergency Communications Grant Program to make grants to States to carry out initiatives to improve local, tribal, statewide, regional, national and, where appropriate, international interoperable emergency communications, including communications in collective response to natural disasters, acts of terrorism, and other man-made disasters. (b) Policy.—The Director for Emergency Communications shall ensure that a grant awarded to a State under this section is consistent with the policies established pursuant to the responsibilities and authorities of the Office of Emergency Communications under this title, including ensuring that activities funded by the grant— (1) comply with the statewide plan for that State required by section 7303(f) of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (6 U.S.C. 194(f)); and (2) comply with the National Emergency Communications Plan under section 1802, when completed. (c) Administration.— (1) In general.—The Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency shall administer the Interoperable Emergency Communications Grant Program pursuant to the responsibilities and authorities of the Administrator under title V of the Act. (2) Guidance.—In administering the grant program, the Administrator shall ensure that the use of grants is consistent with guidance established by the Director of Emergency Communications pursuant to section 7303(a)(1)(H) of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (6 U.S.C. 194(a)(1)(H)). (d) Use of Funds.—A State that receives a grant under this section shall use the grant to implement that State's Statewide Interoperability Plan required under section 7303(f) of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (6 U.S.C. 194(f)) and approved under subsection (e), and to assist with activities determined by the Secretary to be integral to interoperable emergency communications. (e) Approval of Plans.— (1) Approval as condition of grant.—Before a State may receive a grant under this section, the Director of Emergency Communications shall approve the State's Statewide Interoperable Communications Plan required under section 7303(f) of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (6 U.S.C. 194(f)). (2) Plan requirements.—In approving a plan under this subsection, the Director of Emergency Communications shall ensure that the plan— (A) is designed to improve interoperability at the city, county, regional, State and interstate level; (B) considers any applicable local or regional plan; and (C) complies, to the maximum extent practicable, with the National Emergency Communications Plan under section 1802. (3) Approval of revisions.—The Director of Emergency Communications may approve revisions to a State's plan if the Director determines that doing so is likely to further interoperability. (f) Limitations on Uses of Funds.— (1) In general.—The recipient of a grant under this section may not use the grant— (A) to supplant State or local funds; (B) for any State or local government cost- sharing contribution; or (C) for recreational or social purposes. (2) Penalties.—In addition to other remedies currently available, the Secretary may take such actions as necessary to ensure that recipients of grant funds are using the funds for the purpose for which they were intended. (g) Limitations on Award of Grants.— (1) National emergency communications plan required.—The Secretary may not award a grant under this section before the date on which the Secretary completes and submits to Congress the National Emergency Communications Plan required under section 1802. (2) Voluntary consensus standards.—The Secretary may not award a grant to a State under this section for the purchase of equipment that does not meet applicable voluntary consensus standards, unless the State demonstrates that there are compelling reasons for such purchase. (h) Award of Grants.—In approving applications and awarding grants under this section, the Secretary shall consider— (1) the risk posed to each State by natural disasters, acts of terrorism, or other manmade disasters, including— (A) the likely need of a jurisdiction within the State to respond to such risk in nearby jurisdictions; (B) the degree of threat, vulnerability, and consequences related to critical infrastructure (from all critical infrastructure sectors) or key resources identified by the Administrator or the State homeland security and emergency management plans, including threats to, vulnerabilities of, and consequences from damage to critical infrastructure and key resources in nearby jurisdictions; (C) the size of the population and density of the population of the State, including appropriate consideration of military, tourist, and commuter populations; (D) whether the State is on or near an international border; (E) whether the State encompasses an economically significant border crossing; and (F) whether the State has a coastline bordering an ocean, a major waterway used for interstate commerce, or international waters; and (2) the anticipated effectiveness of the State's proposed use of grant funds to improve interoperability. (i) Opportunity to Amend Applications.—In considering applications for grants under this section, the Administrator shall provide applicants with a reasonable opportunity to correct defects in the application, if any, before making final awards. (j) Minimum Grant Amounts.— (1) States.—In awarding grants under this section, the Secretary shall ensure that for each fiscal year, except as provided in paragraph (2), no State receives a grant in an amount that is less than the following percentage of the total amount appropriated for grants under this section for that fiscal year: (A) For fiscal year 2008, 0.50 percent. (B) For fiscal year 2009, 0.50 percent. (C) For fiscal year 2010, 0.45 percent. (D) For fiscal year 2011, 0.40 percent. (E) For fiscal year 2012 and each subsequent fiscal year, 0.35 percent. (2) Territories and possessions.—In awarding grants under this section, the Secretary shall ensure that for each fiscal year, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, and the Virgin Islands each receive grants in amounts that are not less than 0.08 percent of the total amount appropriated for grants under this section for that fiscal year. (k) Certification.—Each State that receives a grant under this section shall certify that the grant is used for the purpose for which the funds were intended and in compliance with the State's approved Statewide Interoperable Communications Plan. (l) State Responsibilities.— (1) Availability of funds to local and tribal governments.—Not later than 45 days after receiving grant funds, any State that receives a grant under this section shall obligate or otherwise make available to local and tribal governments— (A) not less than 80 percent of the grant funds; (B) with the consent of local and tribal governments, eligible expenditures having a value of not less than 80 percent of the amount of the grant; or (C) grant funds combined with other eligible expenditures having a total value of not less than 80 percent of the amount of the grant. (2) Allocation of funds.—A State that receives a grant under this section shall allocate grant funds to tribal governments in the State to assist tribal communities in improving interoperable communications, in a manner consistent with the Statewide Interoperable Communications Plan. A State may not impose unreasonable or unduly burdensome requirements on a tribal government as a condition of providing grant funds or resources to the tribal government. (3) Penalties.—If a State violates the requirements of this subsection, in addition to other remedies available to the Secretary, the Secretary may terminate or reduce the amount of the grant awarded to that State or transfer grant funds previously awarded to the State directly to the appropriate local or tribal government. (m) Reports.— (1) Annual reports by state grant recipients.—A State that receives a grant under this section shall annually submit to the Director of Emergency Communications a report on the progress of the State in implementing that State's Statewide Interoperable Communications Plans required under section 7303(f) of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (6 U.S.C. 194(f)) and achieving interoperability at the city, county, regional, State, and interstate levels. The Director shall make the reports publicly available, including by making them available on the Internet website of the Office of Emergency Communications, subject to any redactions that the Director determines are necessary to protect classified or other sensitive information. (2) Annual reports to congress.—At least once each year, the Director of Emergency Communications shall submit to Congress a report on the use of grants awarded under this section and any progress in implementing Statewide Interoperable Communications Plans and improving interoperability at the city, county, regional, State, and interstate level, as a result of the award of such grants. (n) Rule of Construction.—Nothing in this section shall be construed or interpreted to preclude a State from using a grant awarded under this section for interim or long-term Internet Protocol-based interoperable solutions. (o) Authorization of Appropriations.—There are authorized to be appropriated for grants under this section— (1) for fiscal year 2008, such sums as may be necessary; (2) for each of fiscal years 2009 through 2012, $400,000,000; and (3) for each subsequent fiscal year, such sums as may be necessary.

SEC. 1810. [6 U.S.C. 580] BORDER INTEROPERABILITY DEMONSTRATION PROJECT.

(a) In General.— (1) Establishment.—The Secretary, acting through the Director of the Office of Emergency Communications (referred to in this section as the "Director''), and in coordination with the Federal Communications Commission and the Secretary of Commerce, shall establish an International Border Community Interoperable Communications Demonstration Project (referred to in this section as the "demonstration project''). (2) Minimum number of communities.—The Director shall select no fewer than 6 communities to participate in a demonstration project. (3) Location of communities.—No fewer than 3 of the communities selected under paragraph (2) shall be located on the northern border of the United States and no fewer than 3 of the communities selected under paragraph (2) shall be located on the southern border of the United States. (b) Conditions.—The Director, in coordination with the Federal Communications Commission and the Secretary of Commerce, shall ensure that the project is carried out as soon as adequate spectrum is available as a result of the 800 megahertz rebanding process in border areas, and shall ensure that the border projects do not impair or impede the rebanding process, but under no circumstances shall funds be distributed under this section unless the Federal Communications Commission and the Secretary of Commerce agree that these conditions have been met. (c) Program Requirements.—Consistent with the responsibilities of the Office of Emergency Communications under section 1801, the Director shall foster local, tribal, State, and Federal interoperable emergency communications, as well as interoperable emergency communications with appropriate Canadian and Mexican authorities in the communities selected for the demonstration project. The Director shall— (1) identify solutions to facilitate interoperable communications across national borders expeditiously; (2) help ensure that emergency response providers can communicate with each other in the event of natural disasters, acts of terrorism, and other man-made disasters; (3) provide technical assistance to enable emergency response providers to deal with threats and contingencies in a variety of environments; (4) identify appropriate joint-use equipment to ensure communications access; (5) identify solutions to facilitate communications between emergency response providers in communities of differing population densities; and (6) take other actions or provide equipment as the Director deems appropriate to foster interoperable emergency communications. (d) Distribution of Funds.— (1) In general.—The Secretary shall distribute funds under this section to each community participating in the demonstration project through the State, or States, in which each community is located. (2) Other participants.—A State shall make the funds available promptly to the local and tribal governments and emergency response providers selected by the Secretary to participate in the demonstration project. (3) Report.—Not later than 90 days after a State receives funds under this subsection the State shall report to the Director on the status of the distribution of such funds to local and tribal governments. (e) Maximum Period of Grants.—The Director may not fund any participant under the demonstration project for more than 3 years. (f) Transfer of Information and Knowledge.—The Director shall establish mechanisms to ensure that the information and knowledge gained by participants in the demonstration project are transferred among the participants and to other interested parties, including other communities that submitted applications to the participant in the project. (g) Authorization of Appropriations.—There is authorized to be appropriated for grants under this section such sums as may be necessary.

TITLE XIX—DOMESTIC NUCLEAR DETECTION OFFICE

SEC. 1901. [6 U.S.C. 591] DOMESTIC NUCLEAR DETECTION OFFICE.

(a) Establishment.—There shall be established in the Department a Domestic Nuclear Detection Office (referred to in this title as the "Office''). The Secretary may request that the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of State, the Attorney General, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the directors of other Federal agencies, including elements of the Intelligence Community, provide for the reimbursable detail of personnel with relevant expertise to the Office. (b) Director.—The Office shall be headed by a Director for Domestic Nuclear Detection, who shall be appointed by the President.

SEC. 1902. [6 U.S.C. 592] MISSION OF OFFICE.

(a) Mission.—The Office shall be responsible for coordinating Federal efforts to detect and protect against the unauthorized importation, possession, storage, transportation, development, or use of a nuclear explosive device, fissile material, or radiological material in the United States, and to protect against attack using such devices or materials against the people, territory, or interests of the United States and, to this end, shall— (1) serve as the primary entity of the United States Government to further develop, acquire, and support the deployment of an enhanced domestic system to detect and report on attempts to import, possess, store, transport, develop, or use an unauthorized nuclear explosive device, fissile material, or radiological material in the United States, and improve that system over time; (2) enhance and coordinate the nuclear detection efforts of Federal, State, local, and tribal governments and the private sector to ensure a managed, coordinated response; (3) establish, with the approval of the Secretary and in coordination with the Attorney General, the Secretary of Defense, and the Secretary of Energy, additional protocols and procedures for use within the United States to ensure that the detection of unauthorized nuclear explosive devices, fissile material, or radiological material is promptly reported to the Attorney General, the Secretary, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, and other appropriate officials or their respective designees for appropriate action by law enforcement, military, emergency response, or other authorities; (4) develop, with the approval of the Secretary and in coordination with the Attorney General, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Defense, and the Secretary of Energy, an enhanced global nuclear detection architecture with implementation under which— (A) the Office will be responsible for the implementation of the domestic portion of the global architecture; (B) the Secretary of Defense will retain responsibility for implementation of Department of Defense requirements within and outside the United States; and (C) the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Defense, and the Secretary of Energy will maintain their respective responsibilities for policy guidance and implementation of the portion of the global architecture outside the United States, which will be implemented consistent with applicable law and relevant international arrangements; (5) ensure that the expertise necessary to accurately interpret detection data is made available in a timely manner for all technology deployed by the Office to implement the global nuclear detection architecture; (6) conduct, support, coordinate, and encourage an aggressive, expedited, evolutionary, and transformational program of research and development to generate and improve technologies to detect and prevent the illicit entry, transport, assembly, or potential use within the United States of a nuclear explosive device or fissile or radiological material, and coordinate with the Under Secretary for Science and Technology on basic and advanced or transformational research and development efforts relevant to the mission of both organizations; (7) carry out a program to test and evaluate technology for detecting a nuclear explosive device and fissile or radiological material, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Energy, as appropriate, and establish performance metrics for evaluating the effectiveness of individual detectors and detection systems in detecting such devices or material— (A) under realistic operational and environmental conditions; and (B) against realistic adversary tactics and countermeasures; (8) support and enhance the effective sharing and use of appropriate information generated by the intelligence community, law enforcement agencies, counterterrorism community, other government agencies, and foreign governments, as well as provide appropriate information to such entities; (9) further enhance and maintain continuous awareness by analyzing information from all Office mission-related detection systems; and (10) perform other duties as assigned by the Secretary.

SEC. 1903. [6 U.S.C. 593] HIRING AUTHORITY.

In hiring personnel for the Office, the Secretary shall have the hiring and management authorities provided in section 1101 of the Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999 (5 U.S.C. 3104 note). The term of appointments for employees under subsection (c)(1) of such section may not exceed 5 years before granting any extension under subsection (c)(2) of such section.

SEC. 1904. [6 U.S.C. 594] TESTING AUTHORITY.

(a) In General.—The Director shall coordinate with the responsible Federal agency or other entity to facilitate the use by the Office, by its contractors, or by other persons or entities, of existing Government laboratories, centers, ranges, or other testing facilities for the testing of materials, equipment, models, computer software, and other items as may be related to the missions identified in section 1902. Any such use of Government facilities shall be carried out in accordance with all applicable laws, regulations, and contractual provisions, including those governing security, safety, and environmental protection, including, when applicable, the provisions of section 309. The Office may direct that private sector entities utilizing Government facilities in accordance with this section pay an appropriate fee to the agency that owns or operates those facilities to defray additional costs to the Government resulting from such use. (b) Confidentiality of Test Results.—The results of tests performed with services made available shall be confidential and shall not be disclosed outside the Federal Government without the consent of the persons for whom the tests are performed. (c) Fees.—Fees for services made available under this section shall not exceed the amount necessary to recoup the direct and indirect costs involved, such as direct costs of utilities, contractor support, and salaries of personnel that are incurred by the United States to provide for the testing. (d) Use of Fees.—Fees received for services made available under this section may be credited to the appropriation from which funds were expended to provide such services.

SEC. 1905. [6 U.S.C. 595] RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER DEPARTMENT ENTITIES AND FEDERAL AGENCIES.

The authority of the Director under this title shall not affect the authorities or responsibilities of any officer of the Department or of any officer of any other department or agency of the United States with respect to the command, control, or direction of the functions, personnel, funds, assets, and liabilities of any entity within the Department or any Federal department or agency.

SEC. 1906. [6 U.S.C. 596] CONTRACTING AND GRANT MAKING AUTHORITIES.

The Secretary, acting through the Director for Domestic Nuclear Detection, in carrying out the responsibilities under paragraphs (6) and (7) of section 1902(a), shall— (1) operate extramural and intramural programs and distribute funds through grants, cooperative agreements, and other transactions and contracts; (2) ensure that activities under paragraphs (6) and (7) of section 1902(a) include investigations of radiation detection equipment in configurations suitable for deployment at seaports, which may include underwater or water surface detection equipment and detection equipment that can be mounted on cranes and straddle cars used to move shipping containers; and (3) have the authority to establish or contract with 1 or more federally funded research and development centers to provide independent analysis of homeland security issues and carry out other responsibilities under this title.

SEC. 1907. [6 U.S.C. 596A] JOINT ANNUAL INTERAGENCY REVIEW OF GLOBAL NUCLEAR DETECTION ARCHITECTURE.

(a) Annual Review.— (1) In general.—The Secretary, the Attorney General, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, and the Director of National Intelligence shall jointly ensure interagency coordination on the development and implementation of the global nuclear detection architecture by ensuring that, not less frequently than once each year— (A) each relevant agency, office, or entity— (i) assesses its involvement, support, and participation in the development, revision, and implementation of the global nuclear detection architecture; and (ii) examines and evaluates components of the global nuclear detection architecture (including associated strategies and acquisition plans) relating to the operations of that agency, office, or entity, to determine whether such components incorporate and address current threat assessments, scenarios, or intelligence analyses developed by the Director of National Intelligence or other agencies regarding threats relating to nuclear or radiological weapons of mass destruction; and (B) each agency, office, or entity deploying or operating any nuclear or radiological detection technology under the global nuclear detection architecture— (i) evaluates the deployment and operation of nuclear or radiological detection technologies under the global nuclear detection architecture by that agency, office, or entity; (ii) identifies performance deficiencies and operational or technical deficiencies in nuclear or radiological detection technologies deployed under the global nuclear detection architecture; and (iii) assesses the capacity of that agency, office, or entity to implement the responsibilities of that agency, office, or entity under the global nuclear detection architecture. (2) Technology.—Not less frequently than once each year, the Secretary shall examine and evaluate the development, assessment, and acquisition of radiation detection technologies deployed or implemented in support of the domestic portion of the global nuclear detection architecture. (b) Annual Report on Joint Interagency Review.— (1) In general.—Not later than March 31 of each year, the Secretary, the Attorney General, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, and the Director of National Intelligence, shall jointly submit a report regarding the implementation of this section and the results of the reviews required under subsection (a) to— (A) the President; (B) the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed Services, the Select Committee on Intelligence, and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate; and (C) the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed Services, the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, the Committee on Homeland Security, and the Committee on Science and Technology of the House of Representatives. (2) Form.—The annual report submitted under paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form to the maximum extent practicable, but may include a classified annex. (c) Definition.—In this section, the term "global nuclear detection architecture'' means the global nuclear detection architecture developed under section 1902.

TITLE XX—HOMELAND SECURITY GRANTS

SEC. 2001. [6 U.S.C. 601] DEFINITIONS.

In this title, the following definitions shall apply: (1) Administrator.—The term "Administrator'' means the Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency. (2) Appropriate committees of congress.—The term "appropriate committees of Congress'' means— (A) the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate; and (B) those committees of the House of Representatives that the Speaker of the House of Representatives determines appropriate. (3) Critical infrastructure sectors.—The term "critical infrastructure sectors'' means the following sectors, in both urban and rural areas: (A) Agriculture and food. (B) Banking and finance. (C) Chemical industries. (D) Commercial facilities. (E) Commercial nuclear reactors, materials, and waste. (F) Dams. (G) The defense industrial base. (H) Emergency services. (I) Energy. (J) Government facilities. (K) Information technology. (L) National monuments and icons. (M) Postal and shipping. (N) Public health and health care. (O) Telecommunications. (P) Transportation systems. (Q) Water. (4) Directly eligible tribe.—The term "directly eligible tribe'' means— (A) any Indian tribe— (i) that is located in the continental United States; (ii) that operates a law enforcement or emergency response agency with the capacity to respond to calls for law enforcement or emergency services; (iii)(I) that is located on or near an international border or a coastline bordering an ocean (including the Gulf of Mexico) or international waters; (II) that is located within 10 miles of a system or asset included on the prioritized critical infrastructure list established under section 210E(a)(2) or has such a system or asset within its territory; (III) that is located within or contiguous to 1 of the 50 most populous metropolitan statistical areas in the United States; or (IV) the jurisdiction of which includes not less than 1,000 square miles of Indian country, as that term is defined in section 1151 of title 18, United States Code; and (iv) that certifies to the Secretary that a State has not provided funds under section 2003 or 2004 to the Indian tribe or consortium of Indian tribes for the purpose for which direct funding is sought; and (B) a consortium of Indian tribes, if each tribe satisfies the requirements of subparagraph (A). (5) Eligible metropolitan area.—The term "eligible metropolitan area'' means any of the 100 most populous metropolitan statistical areas in the United States. (6) High-risk urban area.—The term "high-risk urban area'' means a high-risk urban area designated under section 2003(b)(3)(A). (7) Indian tribe.—The term "Indian tribe'' has the meaning given that term in section 4(e) of the Indian Self-Determination Act (25 U.S.C. 450b(e)). (8) Metropolitan statistical area.—The term "metropolitan statistical area'' means a metropolitan statistical area, as defined by the Office of Management and Budget. (9) National special security event.—The term "National Special Security Event'' means a designated event that, by virtue of its political, economic, social, or religious significance, may be the target of terrorism or other criminal activity. (10) Population.—The term "population'' means population according to the most recent United States census population estimates available at the start of the relevant fiscal year. (11) Population density.—The term "population density'' means population divided by land area in square miles. (12) Qualified intelligence analyst.—The term "qualified intelligence analyst'' means an intelligence analyst (as that term is defined in section 210A(j)), including law enforcement personnel— (A) who has successfully completed training to ensure baseline proficiency in intelligence analysis and production, as determined by the Secretary, which may include training using a curriculum developed under section 209; or (B) whose experience ensures baseline proficiency in intelligence analysis and production equivalent to the training required under subparagraph (A), as determined by the Secretary. (13) Target capabilities.—The term "target capabilities'' means the target capabilities for Federal, State, local, and tribal government preparedness for which guidelines are required to be established under section 646(a) of the Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act of 2006 (6 U.S.C. 746(a)). (14) Tribal government.—The term "tribal government'' means the government of an Indian tribe.

Subtitle A—Grants to States and High-Risk Urban Areas

SEC. 2002. [6 U.S.C. 603] HOMELAND SECURITY GRANT PROGRAMS.

(a) Grants Authorized.—The Secretary, through the Administrator, may award grants under sections 2003 and 2004 to State, local, and tribal governments. (b) Programs Not Affected.—This subtitle shall not be construed to affect any of the following Federal programs: (1) Firefighter and other assistance programs authorized under the Federal Fire Prevention and Control Act of 1974 (15 U.S.C. 2201 et seq.). (2) Grants authorized under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq.). (3) Emergency Management Performance Grants under the amendments made by title II of the Implementing Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007. (4) Grants to protect critical infrastructure, including port security grants authorized under section 70107 of title 46, United States Code, and the grants authorized under title XIV and XV of the Implementing Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007 and the amendments made by such titles. (5) The Metropolitan Medical Response System authorized under section 635 of the Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act of 2006 (6 U.S.C. 723). (6) The Interoperable Emergency Communications Grant Program authorized under title XVIII. (7) Grant programs other than those administered by the Department. (c) Relationship to Other Laws.— (1) In general.—The grant programs authorized under sections 2003 and 2004 shall supercede all grant programs authorized under section 1014 of the USA PATRIOT Act (42 U.S.C. 3714). (2) Allocation.—The allocation of grants authorized under section 2003 or 2004 shall be governed by the terms of this subtitle and not by any other provision of law.

SEC. 2003. [6 U.S.C. 604] URBAN AREA SECURITY INITIATIVE.

(a) Establishment.—There is established an Urban Area Security Initiative to provide grants to assist high-risk urban areas in preventing, preparing for, protecting against, and responding to acts of terrorism. (b) Assessment and Designation of High-Risk Urban Areas.— (1) In general.—The Administrator shall designate high-risk urban areas to receive grants under this section based on procedures under this subsection. (2) Initial assessment.— (A) In general.—For each fiscal year, the Administrator shall conduct an initial assessment of the relative threat, vulnerability, and consequences from acts of terrorism faced by each eligible metropolitan area, including consideration of— (i) the factors set forth in subparagraphs (A) through (H) and (K) of section 2007(a)(1); and (ii) information and materials submitted under subparagraph (B). (B) Submission of information by eligible metropolitan areas.—Prior to conducting each initial assessment under subparagraph (A), the Administrator shall provide each eligible metropolitan area with, and shall notify each eligible metropolitan area of, the opportunity to— (i) submit information that the eligible metropolitan area believes to be relevant to the determination of the threat, vulnerability, and consequences it faces from acts of terrorism; and (ii) review the risk assessment conducted by the Department of that eligible metropolitan area, including the bases for the assessment by the Department of the threat, vulnerability, and consequences from acts of terrorism faced by that eligible metropolitan area, and remedy erroneous or incomplete information. (3) Designation of high-risk urban areas.— (A) Designation.— (i) In general.—For each fiscal year, after conducting the initial assessment under paragraph (2), and based on that assessment, the Administrator shall designate high-risk urban areas that may submit applications for grants under this section. (ii) Additional areas.— Notwithstanding paragraph (2), the Administrator may— (I) in any case where an eligible metropolitan area consists of more than 1 metropolitan division (as that term is defined by the Office of Management and Budget) designate more than 1 high-risk urban area within a single eligible metropolitan area; and (II) designate an area that is not an eligible metropolitan area as a high-risk urban area based on the assessment by the Administrator of the relative threat, vulnerability, and consequences from acts of terrorism faced by the area. (iii) Rule of construction.— Nothing in this subsection may be construed to require the Administrator to— (I) designate all eligible metropolitan areas that submit information to the Administrator under paragraph (2)(B)(i) as high-risk urban areas; or (II) designate all areas within an eligible metropolitan area as part of the high-risk urban area. (B) Jurisdictions included in high-risk urban areas.— (i) In general.—In designating high-risk urban areas under subparagraph (A), the Administrator shall determine which jurisdictions, at a minimum, shall be included in each high-risk urban area. (ii) Additional jurisdictions.—A high-risk urban area designated by the Administrator may, in consultation with the State or States in which such high- risk urban area is located, add additional jurisdictions to the high- risk urban area. (c) Application.— (1) In general.—An area designated as a high-risk urban area under subsection (b) may apply for a grant under this section. (2) Minimum contents of application.—In an application for a grant under this section, a high-risk urban area shall submit— (A) a plan describing the proposed division of responsibilities and distribution of funding among the local and tribal governments in the high-risk urban area; (B) the name of an individual to serve as a high-risk urban area liaison with the Department and among the various jurisdictions in the high-risk urban area; and (C) such information in support of the application as the Administrator may reasonably require. (3) Annual applications.—Applicants for grants under this section shall apply or reapply on an annual basis. (4) State review and transmission.— (A) In general.—To ensure consistency with State homeland security plans, a high-risk urban area applying for a grant under this section shall submit its application to each State within which any part of that high-risk urban area is located for review before submission of such application to the Department. (B) Deadline.—Not later than 30 days after receiving an application from a high-risk urban area under subparagraph (A), a State shall transmit the application to the Department. (C) Opportunity for state comment.—If the Governor of a State determines that an application of a high-risk urban area is inconsistent with the State homeland security plan of that State, or otherwise does not support the application, the Governor shall— (i) notify the Administrator, in writing, of that fact; and (ii) provide an explanation of the reason for not supporting the application at the time of transmission of the application. (5) Opportunity to amend.—In considering applications for grants under this section, the Administrator shall provide applicants with a reasonable opportunity to correct defects in the application, if any, before making final awards. (d) Distribution of Awards.— (1) In general.—If the Administrator approves the application of a high-risk urban area for a grant under this section, the Administrator shall distribute the grant funds to the State or States in which that high- risk urban area is located. (2) State distribution of funds.— (A) In general.—Not later than 45 days after the date that a State receives grant funds under paragraph (1), that State shall provide the high-risk urban area awarded that grant not less than 80 percent of the grant funds. Any funds retained by a State shall be expended on items, services, or activities that benefit the high-risk urban area. (B) Funds retained.—A State shall provide each relevant high-risk urban area with an accounting of the items, services, or activities on which any funds retained by the State under subparagraph (A) were expended. (3) Interstate urban areas.—If parts of a high- risk urban area awarded a grant under this section are located in 2 or more States, the Administrator shall distribute to each such State— (A) a portion of the grant funds in accordance with the proposed distribution set forth in the application; or (B) if no agreement on distribution has been reached, a portion of the grant funds determined by the Administrator to be appropriate. (4) Certifications regarding distribution of grant funds to high-risk urban areas.—A State that receives grant funds under paragraph (1) shall certify to the Administrator that the State has made available to the applicable high-risk urban area the required funds under paragraph (2). (e) Authorization of Appropriations.—There are authorized to be appropriated for grants under this section— (1) $850,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; (2) $950,000,000 for fiscal year 2009; (3) $1,050,000,000 for fiscal year 2010; (4) $1,150,000,000 for fiscal year 2011; (5) $1,300,000,000 for fiscal year 2012; and (6) such sums as are necessary for fiscal year 2013, and each fiscal year thereafter.

SEC. 2004. [6 U.S.C. 605] STATE HOMELAND SECURITY GRANT PROGRAM.

(a) Establishment.—There is established a State Homeland Security Grant Program to assist State, local, and tribal governments in preventing, preparing for, protecting against, and responding to acts of terrorism. (b) Application.— (1) In general.—Each State may apply for a grant under this section, and shall submit such information in support of the application as the Administrator may reasonably require. (2) Minimum contents of application.—The Administrator shall require that each State include in its application, at a minimum— (A) the purpose for which the State seeks grant funds and the reasons why the State needs the grant to meet the target capabilities of that State; (B) a description of how the State plans to allocate the grant funds to local governments and Indian tribes; and (C) a budget showing how the State intends to expend the grant funds. (3) Annual applications.—Applicants for grants under this section shall apply or reapply on an annual basis. (c) Distribution to Local and Tribal Governments.— (1) In general.—Not later than 45 days after receiving grant funds, any State receiving a grant under this section shall make available to local and tribal governments, consistent with the applicable State homeland security plan— (A) not less than 80 percent of the grant funds; (B) with the consent of local and tribal governments, items, services, or activities having a value of not less than 80 percent of the amount of the grant; or (C) with the consent of local and tribal governments, grant funds combined with other items, services, or activities having a total value of not less than 80 percent of the amount of the grant. (2) Certifications regarding distribution of grant funds to local governments.—A State shall certify to the Administrator that the State has made the distribution to local and tribal governments required under paragraph (1). (3) Extension of period.—The Governor of a State may request in writing that the Administrator extend the period under paragraph (1) for an additional period of time. The Administrator may approve such a request if the Administrator determines that the resulting delay in providing grant funding to the local and tribal governments is necessary to promote effective investments to prevent, prepare for, protect against, or respond to acts of terrorism. (4) Exception.—Paragraph (1) shall not apply to the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, or the Virgin Islands. (5) Direct funding.—If a State fails to make the distribution to local or tribal governments required under paragraph (1) in a timely fashion, a local or tribal government entitled to receive such distribution may petition the Administrator to request that grant funds be provided directly to the local or tribal government. (d) Multistate Applications.— (1) In general.—Instead of, or in addition to, any application for a grant under subsection (b), 2 or more States may submit an application for a grant under this section in support of multistate efforts to prevent, prepare for, protect against, and respond to acts of terrorism. (2) Administration of grant.—If a group of States applies for a grant under this section, such States shall submit to the Administrator at the time of application a plan describing— (A) the division of responsibilities for administering the grant; and (B) the distribution of funding among the States that are parties to the application. (e) Minimum Allocation.— (1) In general.—In allocating funds under this section, the Administrator shall ensure that— (A) except as provided in subparagraph (B), each State receives, from the funds appropriated for the State Homeland Security Grant Program established under this section, not less than an amount equal to— (i) 0.375 percent of the total funds appropriated for grants under this section and section 2003 in fiscal year 2008; (ii) 0.365 percent of the total funds appropriated for grants under this section and section 2003 in fiscal year 2009; (iii) 0.36 percent of the total funds appropriated for grants under this section and section 2003 in fiscal year 2010; (iv) 0.355 percent of the total funds appropriated for grants under this section and section 2003 in fiscal year 2011; and (v) 0.35 percent of the total funds appropriated for grants under this section and section 2003 in fiscal year 2012 and in each fiscal year thereafter; and (B) for each fiscal year, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, and the Virgin Islands each receive, from the funds appropriated for the State Homeland Security Grant Program established under this section, not less than an amount equal to 0.08 percent of the total funds appropriated for grants under this section and section 2003. (2) Effect of multistate award on state minimum.— Any portion of a multistate award provided to a State under subsection (d) shall be considered in calculating the minimum State allocation under this subsection. (f) Authorization of Appropriations.—There are authorized to be appropriated for grants under this section— (1) $950,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2012; and (2) such sums as are necessary for fiscal year 2013, and each fiscal year thereafter.

SEC. 2005. [6 U.S.C. 606] GRANTS TO DIRECTLY ELIGIBLE TRIBES.

(a) In General.—Notwithstanding section 2004(b), the Administrator may award grants to directly eligible tribes under section 2004. (b) Tribal Applications.—A directly eligible tribe may apply for a grant under section 2004 by submitting an application to the Administrator that includes, as appropriate, the information required for an application by a State under section 2004(b). (c) Consistency With State Plans.— (1) In general.—To ensure consistency with any applicable State homeland security plan, a directly eligible tribe applying for a grant under section 2004 shall provide a copy of its application to each State within which any part of the tribe is located for review before the tribe submits such application to the Department. (2) Opportunity for comment.—If the Governor of a State determines that the application of a directly eligible tribe is inconsistent with the State homeland security plan of that State, or otherwise does not support the application, not later than 30 days after the date of receipt of that application the Governor shall— (A) notify the Administrator, in writing, of that fact; and (B) provide an explanation of the reason for not supporting the application. (d) Final Authority.—The Administrator shall have final authority to approve any application of a directly eligible tribe. The Administrator shall notify each State within the boundaries of which any part of a directly eligible tribe is located of the approval of an application by the tribe. (e) Prioritization.—The Administrator shall allocate funds to directly eligible tribes in accordance with the factors applicable to allocating funds among States under section 2007. (f) Distribution of Awards to Directly Eligible Tribes.—If the Administrator awards funds to a directly eligible tribe under this section, the Administrator shall distribute the grant funds directly to the tribe and not through any State. (g) Minimum Allocation.— (1) In general.—In allocating funds under this section, the Administrator shall ensure that, for each fiscal year, directly eligible tribes collectively receive, from the funds appropriated for the State Homeland Security Grant Program established under section 2004, not less than an amount equal to 0.1 percent of the total funds appropriated for grants under sections 2003 and 2004. (2) Exception.—This subsection shall not apply in any fiscal year in which the Administrator— (A) receives fewer than 5 applications under this section; or (B) does not approve at least 2 applications under this section. (h) Tribal Liaison.—A directly eligible tribe applying for a grant under section 2004 shall designate an individual to serve as a tribal liaison with the Department and other Federal, State, local, and regional government officials concerning preventing, preparing for, protecting against, and responding to acts of terrorism. (i) Eligibility for Other Funds.—A directly eligible tribe that receives a grant under section 2004 may receive funds for other purposes under a grant from the State or States within the boundaries of which any part of such tribe is located and from any high-risk urban area of which it is a part, consistent with the homeland security plan of the State or high-risk urban area. (j) State Obligations.— (1) In general.—States shall be responsible for allocating grant funds received under section 2004 to tribal governments in order to help those tribal communities achieve target capabilities not achieved through grants to directly eligible tribes. (2) Distribution of grant funds.—With respect to a grant to a State under section 2004, an Indian tribe shall be eligible for funding directly from that State, and shall not be required to seek funding from any local government. (3) Imposition of requirements.—A State may not impose unreasonable or unduly burdensome requirements on an Indian tribe as a condition of providing the Indian tribe with grant funds or resources under section 2004. (k) Rule of Construction.—Nothing in this section shall be construed to affect the authority of an Indian tribe that receives funds under this subtitle.

SEC. 2006. [6 U.S.C. 607] TERRORISM PREVENTION.

(a) Law Enforcement Terrorism Prevention Program.— (1) In general.—The Administrator shall ensure that not less than 25 percent of the total combined funds appropriated for grants under sections 2003 and 2004 is used for law enforcement terrorism prevention activities. (2) Law enforcement terrorism prevention activities.—Law enforcement terrorism prevention activities include— (A) information sharing and analysis; (B) target hardening; (C) threat recognition; (D) terrorist interdiction; (E) overtime expenses consistent with a State homeland security plan, including for the provision of enhanced law enforcement operations in support of Federal agencies, including for increased border security and border crossing enforcement; (F) establishing, enhancing, and staffing with appropriately qualified personnel State, local, and regional fusion centers that comply with the guidelines established under section 210A(i); (G) paying salaries and benefits for personnel, including individuals employed by the grant recipient on the date of the relevant grant application, to serve as qualified intelligence analysts; (H) any other activity permitted under the Fiscal Year 2007 Program Guidance of the Department for the Law Enforcement Terrorism Prevention Program; and (I) any other terrorism prevention activity authorized by the Administrator. (3) Participation of underrepresented communities in fusion centers.—The Administrator shall ensure that grant funds described in paragraph (1) are used to support the participation, as appropriate, of law enforcement and other emergency response providers from rural and other underrepresented communities at risk from acts of terrorism in fusion centers. (b) Office for State and Local Law Enforcement.— (1) Establishment.—There is established in the Policy Directorate of the Department an Office for State and Local Law Enforcement, which shall be headed by an Assistant Secretary for State and Local Law Enforcement. (2) Qualifications.—The Assistant Secretary for State and Local Law Enforcement shall have an appropriate background with experience in law enforcement, intelligence, and other counterterrorism functions. (3) Assignment of personnel.—The Secretary shall assign to the Office for State and Local Law Enforcement permanent staff and, as appropriate and consistent with sections 506(c)(2), 821, and 888(d), other appropriate personnel detailed from other components of the Department to carry out the responsibilities under this subsection. (4) Responsibilities.—The Assistant Secretary for State and Local Law Enforcement shall— (A) lead the coordination of Department- wide policies relating to the role of State and local law enforcement in preventing, preparing for, protecting against, and responding to natural disasters, acts of terrorism, and other man-made disasters within the United States; (B) serve as a liaison between State, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies and the Department; (C) coordinate with the Office of Intelligence and Analysis to ensure the intelligence and information sharing requirements of State, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies are being addressed; (D) work with the Administrator to ensure that law enforcement and terrorism-focused grants to State, local, and tribal government agencies, including grants under sections 2003 and 2004, the Commercial Equipment Direct Assistance Program, and other grants administered by the Department to support fusion centers and law enforcement-oriented programs, are appropriately focused on terrorism prevention activities; (E) coordinate with the Science and Technology Directorate, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the Department of Justice, the National Institute of Justice, law enforcement organizations, and other appropriate entities to support the development, promulgation, and updating, as necessary, of national voluntary consensus standards for training and personal protective equipment to be used in a tactical environment by law enforcement officers; and (F) conduct, jointly with the Administrator, a study to determine the efficacy and feasibility of establishing specialized law enforcement deployment teams to assist State, local, and tribal governments in responding to natural disasters, acts of terrorism, or other man-made disasters and report on the results of that study to the appropriate committees of Congress. (5) Rule of construction.—Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to diminish, supercede, or replace the responsibilities, authorities, or role of the Administrator.

SEC. 2007. [6 U.S.C. 608] PRIORITIZATION.

(a) In General.—In allocating funds among States and high- risk urban areas applying for grants under section 2003 or 2004, the Administrator shall consider, for each State or high- risk urban area— (1) its relative threat, vulnerability, and consequences from acts of terrorism, including consideration of— (A) its population, including appropriate consideration of military, tourist, and commuter populations; (B) its population density; (C) its history of threats, including whether it has been the target of a prior act of terrorism; (D) its degree of threat, vulnerability, and consequences related to critical infrastructure (for all critical infrastructure sectors) or key resources identified by the Administrator or the State homeland security plan, including threats, vulnerabilities, and consequences related to critical infrastructure or key resources in nearby jurisdictions; (E) the most current threat assessments available to the Department; (F) whether the State has, or the high-risk urban area is located at or near, an international border; (G) whether it has a coastline bordering an ocean (including the Gulf of Mexico) or international waters; (H) its likely need to respond to acts of terrorism occurring in nearby jurisdictions; (I) the extent to which it has unmet target capabilities; (J) in the case of a high-risk urban area, the extent to which that high-risk urban area includes— (i) those incorporated municipalities, counties, parishes, and Indian tribes within the relevant eligible metropolitan area, the inclusion of which will enhance regional efforts to prevent, prepare for, protect against, and respond to acts of terrorism; and (ii) other local and tribal governments in the surrounding area that are likely to be called upon to respond to acts of terrorism within the high-risk urban area; and (K) such other factors as are specified in writing by the Administrator; and (2) the anticipated effectiveness of the proposed use of the grant by the State or high-risk urban area in increasing the ability of that State or high-risk urban area to prevent, prepare for, protect against, and respond to acts of terrorism, to meet its target capabilities, and to otherwise reduce the overall risk to the high-risk urban area, the State, or the Nation. (b) Types of Threat.—In assessing threat under this section, the Administrator shall consider the following types of threat to critical infrastructure sectors and to populations in all areas of the United States, urban and rural: (1) Biological. (2) Chemical. (3) Cyber. (4) Explosives. (5) Incendiary. (6) Nuclear. (7) Radiological. (8) Suicide bombers. (9) Such other types of threat determined relevant by the Administrator.

SEC. 2008. [6 U.S.C. 609] USE OF FUNDS.

(a) Permitted Uses.—The Administrator shall permit the recipient of a grant under section 2003 or 2004 to use grant funds to achieve target capabilities related to preventing, preparing for, protecting against, and responding to acts of terrorism, consistent with a State homeland security plan and relevant local, tribal, and regional homeland security plans, through— (1) developing and enhancing homeland security, emergency management, or other relevant plans, assessments, or mutual aid agreements; (2) designing, conducting, and evaluating training and exercises, including training and exercises conducted under section 512 of this Act and section 648 of the Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act of 2006 (6 U.S.C. 748); (3) protecting a system or asset included on the prioritized critical infrastructure list established under section 210E(a)(2); (4) purchasing, upgrading, storing, or maintaining equipment, including computer hardware and software; (5) ensuring operability and achieving interoperability of emergency communications; (6) responding to an increase in the threat level under the Homeland Security Advisory System, or to the needs resulting from a National Special Security Event; (7) establishing, enhancing, and staffing with appropriately qualified personnel State, local, and regional fusion centers that comply with the guidelines established under section 210A(i); (8) enhancing school preparedness; (9) supporting public safety answering points; (10) paying salaries and benefits for personnel, including individuals employed by the grant recipient on the date of the relevant grant application, to serve as qualified intelligence analysts, regardless of whether such analysts are current or new full-time