JAMES G. BLAINE was born in Washington County, Pennsylvania, in 1830. After graduating at Washington College, 1847, he removed to Maine and became editor of the "Kennebec Journal," and "Portland Advertiser". He was four years a member of the Maine Legislature, and served two years as Speaker of the House. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from Maine to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was successively re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth Congresses.—333, 437, 527, 528, 536.

HENRY T. BLOW was born in Southampton county, Virginia, July 15, 1817. In 1830 he removed to Missouri, and goon after graduated at the St. Louis University. He engaged extensively in the drug and lead business. He served four years in the Senate of Missouri. In 1861 he was appointed by President Lincoln Minister to Venezuela, but resigned the position before the expiration of a year. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from Missouri to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth. He was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by Carman A. Newcomb.

GEORGE S. BOUTWELL was born in Brookline, Massachusetts, January 28, 1818, and removed to Groton in 1835. He was engaged in mercantile business as clerk and proprietor for several years, and subsequently entered the profession of the law. From 1842 to 1850 he was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives. In 1849 and 1850 he was Bank Commissioner. In 1851 he was elected Governor of Massachusetts, and served two terms. He was a member of the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention of 1853. He was eleven years a member and Secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education, and ten years a member of the Board of Overseers of Harvard College. He was appointed Commissioner of the Internal Revenue, in July, 1862, and organized the Revenue system. In 1863 he took his seat as a Representative in Congress from Massachusetts, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth Congresses. He is the author of a "Manual of the School System, and School Laws of Massachusetts," "Educational Topics and Institutions," "A Manual of the Revenue System," and a volume just published, entitled "Speeches on Reconstruction."—31, 91, 442, 475, 526, 528, 536, 553.

BENJAMIN M. BOYER was born in Montgomery county, Pennsylvania, January 22, 1823. He graduated at the University of Pennsylvania, and adopted the profession of law. In 1848 he was elected District Attorney for the county of Montgomery. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.—54, 438.

ALLEN A. BRADFORD was born in Friendship, Maine, July 23, 1815. In 1841 he emigrated to Missouri, where he was admitted to the bar in 1843. He held the office of Clerk of the Circuit Court of Atchinson County, and subsequently removed to Iowa, where he was appointed Judge of the Sixth Judicial Circuit. Resigning this office in 1855, he went to Nebraska, and became a member of the Legislative Council. Having, in 1860, settled in Colorado, he was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court for that territory, and held this office until he was elected a delegate to the Thirty-Ninth Congress from Colorado. He was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by George M. Chilcott.

AUGUSTUS BRANDEGEE was born in New London, Conn., July 15, 1828. He graduated at Yale College in 1849, and at the Yale Law School in 1851. From 1854 to 1861 he served in the Connecticut Legislature, of which he was Speaker in the latter year. He was a Presidential Elector in 1861, and was elected a Representative to the Thirty-Eighth Congress from Connecticut in 1863, and was re-elected in 1865. He was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by Henry H. Starkweather.

HENRY H. P. BROMWELL was born in Baltimore, Maryland, August 26, 1823. Having spent seven years of his boyhood in Ohio, he went to Illinois in 1836, and came to the bar in 1853. He was subsequently an editor, Judge of a County Court, and Presidential Elector. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Illinois to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and in 1866 was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.—349, 538.

JAMES BROOKS was born in Portland, Maine, November 10, 1810. When eleven years old he became a clerk in a store. At sixteen he was a school-teacher, and at twenty-one graduated at Waterville College. After several years spent in traveling and writing letters for the press, he was, in 1835, elected to the Legislature of Maine. In 1836 he established the "New York Daily Express," of which he has since been chief editor. In 1847 he was elected to the General Assembly of New York. In 1849 and again in 1851 he was elected a Representative in Congress. In 1863 he was returned to Congress. In December, 1865, he took his place as a member of the Thirty-Ninth Congress, but held it only until the 6th of April following, his seat having been successfully contested by William E. Dodge. In 1866 he was elected a Representative from New York to the Fortieth Congress.—17, 20, 25, 335, 336, 568.

JOHN M. BROOMALL was born in Upper Chichester, Pennsylvania, in 1816. Having received a common-school education, he devoted himself to legal studies and pursuits. In 1861 he was a Presidential Elector. In 1862 he was elected to represent the Seventh Pennsylvania District in Congress. Two years later was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.—223, 360, 439, 504.

B. GRATZ BROWN is grandson of John Brown, who was United States Senator from Kentucky in 1805. He was born in Lexington, Kentucky, May 28, 1826. Having graduated at Yale College and studied law, he settled at St. Louis, Mo., where he edited the "Missouri Democrat," from 1854 to 1859, and was a member of the State Legislature. He raised a regiment at the breaking out of the war, which he commanded during its term of service. He was among the foremost champions of freedom in Missouri, and was elected a Senator in Congress from that State for the term commencing in 1863 and ending in 1867. He was succeeded by Charles D. Drake.—285, 477, 493.

CHARLES R. BUCKALEW was born in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, December 28, 1821. He was admitted to practice law in 1843, and was elected Prosecuting Attorney for his native county in 1845. In 1850 he was elected a Senator in the State Legislature, which office he held for a series of years. In 1854 he was a Commissioner to exchange the ratifications of a treaty with Paraguay. He was a Presidential Elector in 1856, and Chairman of the State Democratic Committee in 1857. He was appointed by President Buchanan Minister to Equador in 1858, and held the position until 1861. He was, in 1863, elected United States Senator from Pennsylvania for the term ending 1869.—296, 401, 413, 494, 532, 535, 547, 548.

RALPH P. BUCKLAND was born in Leyden, Massachusetts, January 20, 1812, and was removed by his parents to Ohio in the same year. From 1831 to 1834 he was clerk in a large cotton commission house in New Orleans. Returning to Ohio, he took an academical course of study at Kenyon College. Having studied law, he was admitted to the bar in 1837. He was a member of the Philadelphia Whig Convention of 1848. In 1855 and 1857 was elected to the Senate of Ohio. In 1861 he was appointed Colonel of the Seventy-Second Ohio Infantry, and commanded a brigade in the battle of Shiloh. He was promoted to the rank of Brigadier General, and participated in the siege of Vicksburg. He was subsequently assigned to the command of the District of Memphis, and defeated Forrest in his attack on that city. At the close of the war he was brevetted a Major General of Volunteers. In 1864, while absent in the field, he was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected in 1866.

HEZEKIAH S. BUNDY was born in Marietta County, Ohio, August 15, 1817. Having been left an orphan when a mere boy, and the support of the family devolving upon him, his opportunities for attaining an education were limited. From 1835 to 1846 he was engaged in mercantile pursuits, and subsequently turned his attention to farming and the furnace business. Meanwhile he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1850. He served two terms in the House of Representatives of Ohio, and was, in 1855, elected State Senator. In 1860 he was a Presidential Elector, and in 1864 he was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. He was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by John T. Wilson.

WALTER A. BURLEIGH was the Delegate from Dakota Territory in the Thirty-Ninth Congress. He received a common-school education, studied medicine, and practiced his profession for a number of years. He was subsequently appointed an Indian Agent, and removed to the West. Soon after the organization of the Territory of Dakota he was elected to represent its interests in Congress, and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.

WILLIAM B. CAMPBELL was born in Tennessee, and served as Captain of mounted Volunteers in the Florida War. He served for some time in the State Legislature, and was a Representative in Congress from 1837 to 1843. He commanded the first regiment of Tennessee Volunteers in the Mexican War, and at its close he was elected a Circuit Judge. From 1851 to 1853 he was Governor of Tennessee. In 1865 he was elected a Representative from Tennessee to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, but was not admitted until July, 1866. He died of disease of the heart at his residence in Lebanon, Tennessee, August 19, 1867.

ALEXANDER G. CATTELL was born in Salem, New Jersey, in 1816. He received a commercial education, and began his business-life, as a clerk, at the age of thirteen. Before reaching his majority he had advanced to the head of a large and flourishing business. In 1840 he was elected to the General Assembly of New Jersey, and in 1844 he was a member of the Convention called to frame a new Constitution for that State. He subsequently became the head of the extensive mercantile house of A. G. Cattell & Co., of Philadelphia. During a residence of nine years in that city he was several times elected to the City Council, and was President of the Corn Exchange Association, which, largely through his exertions, recruited and equipped two and a half regiments for service in the late war. Having resumed his residence in New Jersey, he was, in 1866, elected a Senator in Congress from that State.—569.

ZACHARIAH CHANDLER was born in Bedford, New Hampshire, December 10, 1813. He received an academical education, and removed to Michigan, where he engaged extensively in mercantile pursuits and in banking. In 1851 he held the office of Mayor of Detroit. In 1852 he was an unsuccessful candidate for Governor of Michigan. He entered the United States Senate, during the Thirty-Fifth Congress, as the successor of General Cass. In 1863 he was re-elected to the Senate for the term ending in 1869.—27, 397.

JOHN W. CHANLER was born in the City of New York in 1826. In 1859 and 1860 he was a member of the General Assembly of New York. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from New York to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth Congresses.—64, 156, 337, 338, 571.

J. FRANCISCO CHAVES was born in New Mexico in 1833. He studied medicine in New York, and subsequently devoted several years to mercantile pursuits and cattle-raising. In 1861 he entered the military service as Major of the First New Mexico Infantry, and after seeing much active service was mustered out as Lieutenant-Colonel. In 1865 he was elected a Delegate from New Mexico to the Thirty-Ninth Congress.

DANIEL CLARK was born in Stratham, New Hampshire, October 24, 1809. He graduated at Dartmouth College in 1834, and was admitted to the bar in 1837. From 1842 to 1857 he was repeatedly a member of the New Hampshire Legislature. In 1857 he was elected a Senator in Congress from New Hampshire, and in 1861 he was re-elected for the term ending in 1867. At the close of the first session of the Thirty-Ninth Congress he resigned his seat in the Senate, having been appointed U. S. District Judge for New Hampshire.—28, 201, 202, 388, 453, 455, 456, 479.

READER W. CLARKE was born in Bethel, Clermont County, Ohio, May 18, 1812. He learned the art of printing, but subsequently studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1836. In 1840 and 1841 he was a member of the Ohio Legislature. He was a delegate to the Baltimore Convention of 1844, and was a Presidential Elector in the same year. For six years succeeding 1846 he held the office of Clerk of the Courts of Clermont County. He was a delegate to the Chicago Convention of 1860. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.

SIDNEY CLARKE was born in Southbridge, Massachusetts, October 16, 1831. He adopted the profession of an editor, and published the "Southbridge Press." He emigrated to Kansas in 1858, and settled in Lawrence. In 1862 he was a member of the Kansas Legislature. He served during the rebellion as Captain of Volunteers, and Assistant Provost Marshal General for Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado, and Dakota. In 1864 he was elected the Representative from Kansas to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected to the Fortieth.—88.

AMASA COBB was born in Crawford County, Illinois, September 27, 1823. He emigrated to Wisconsin Territory in 1842, and engaged in the lead-mining business. He served as a private in the Mexican War, and at the close of this service he commenced the practice of law. He served as District Attorney, State Senator, and Adjutant-General of Wisconsin. He was subsequently a member of the State Legislature, and was chosen Speaker. He was Colonel of the Fifth Wisconsin Regiment in the war, and was elected a Representative from Wisconsin to the Thirty-Eighth, Thirty-Ninth, and Fortieth Congresses.

ALEXANDER H. COFFROTH was born in Somerset, Pennsylvania, May 18, 1828. He commenced the practice of law in 1851. He was a delegate to the Charleston Convention in 1860, and was elected a Representative to the Thirty-Eighth Congress. He appeared as a member of the Thirty-Ninth Congress, but his seat was successfully contested by William H. Koontz.

SCHUYLER COLFAX was born in New York City, March 23, 1823. He became a printer, and settled in Indiana, 1836. He was for many years editor and publisher of the "South Bend Register." In 1850 he was a member of the Indiana Constitutional Convention. He was a delegate and secretary of the Whig National Conventions of 1848 and 1852. He was elected a Representative from Indiana to the Thirty-Fourth Congress, and has been a member by re-election of each succeeding Congress. He was elected Speaker of the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the same office in the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth Congresses.—12, 20, 289, 306, 363, 501, 574, 576.

ROSCOE CONKLING, son of Alfred Conkling, a member of the Seventeenth Congress, was born at Albany, in 1828. Having entered the profession of law, he successively held the offices of District Attorney for Oneida County and Mayor of Utica. In 1859 he took his seat as a member of the Thirty-Sixth Congress from New York, and remained a Representative in Congress by successive re-elections until the 4th of March, 1867, when he entered the United States Senate as the successor of Ira Harris.—328, 330, 348, 363, 481, 513, 514.

JOHN CONNESS was born in Ireland in 1822, and came to America when thirteen years of age. He was an early emigrant to California, where he engaged in mercantile and mining pursuits. In 1852 he was elected to the State Legislature, and served in that capacity for a series of years. In 1863 he was elected United States Senator from California for the term ending in 1869.—540.

BURTON C. COOK was born in Monroe County, New York, May 11, 1819. He received a collegiate education, and entered upon the profession of law in Illinois. After serving as State Attorney for six years, he was elected to the State Senate in 1852, and was a member of that body until 1860. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Illinois to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.—223, 350, 351.

EDMUND COOPER was born in Maury County, Tennessee. He graduated at the Harvard Law School, and entered upon the practice of law at Columbia, and afterwards at Shelbyville, Tennessee. He has served in the Tennessee Legislature, and was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1865. In August, 1865, he was elected a Representative from Tennessee to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, but was not admitted until near the close of the first session. While waiting at Washington to be admitted to Congress, he acted as Private Secretary to President Johnson. In November, 1867, he was appointed by the President to act as Assistant Secretary of the Treasury.

EDGAR COWAN was born in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, September 19, 1815. He graduated at Franklin College, Ohio, in 1839. Having been at different times clerk, boat-builder, schoolmaster, and student of medicine, he studied law and practiced the profession until 1861, when he was elected United States Senator from Pennsylvania for the term ending 1867. He was succeeded by Simon Cameron.—96, 100, 133, 135, 195, 216, 273, 429, 460, 487, 489, 496, 535, 564.

AARON H. CRAGIN was born in Weston, Vermont, February 3, 1821. He studied law in Albany, New York, and in 1847 removed to Lebanon, New Hampshire, where he practiced his profession. From 1852 to 1855 he was a member of the New Hampshire Legislature. He was a Representative from New Hampshire in the Thirty-Fifth and Thirty-Sixth Congresses. In 1865 he entered the Senate of the United States for the term ending in 1871.

JOHN A. J. CRESWELL was born in Port Deposit, Maryland, November 18, 1828. He graduated at Dickinson College in 1848, and was admitted to the bar in 1850. He was successively a member of the Maryland House of Delegates, Assistant Adjutant-General for the State and a Representative in the Thirty-Eighth Congress. In 1865 he was chosen a United States Senator for the unexpired term of T. H. Hicks, deceased.—134, 136.

SHELBY M. CULLOM was born in Wayne County, Kentucky, November 27, 1829, and was removed to Illinois, when scarcely a year old, by his parents, who settled in Tazewell County. He spent two years as a student at the Mount Morris Seminary. Having studied law, he entered upon the practice of his profession in Springfield, and was immediately elected City Attorney. In 1856 he was elected to the State Legislature, and was re-elected in 1860, and chosen Speaker of the House. In 1856 was a Fillmore Elector for the State at large. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Illinois to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. In 1866 he was re-elected by more than double his former majority.—516.

CHARLES V. CULVER was born in Logan, Ohio, September 6, 1830. Having settled in Western Pennsylvania, he engaged in business pursuits, and especially in banking. He was largely concerned in railroads and other public enterprises. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from the Twentieth District of Pennsylvania to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. He was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by Darwin A. Finney.—575.

WILLIAM A. DARLING was born in Newark, New Jersey, December 17, 1817. He shortly after settled in New York City, where he received a commercial education, and devoted himself to the wholesale business. He became a Director of the Mercantile Library Association, and served eleven years as officer and private of the Seventh Regiment, National Guard. From 1847 to 1854 he was Deputy Receiver of Taxes for New York City. In 1860 he was a Presidential Elector, and in 1863 and 1864 was President of the Union and Republican Organization of New York City. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from New York to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. He was nominated for the Fortieth Congress, and was defeated by Fernando Wood by 1600 majority, in a District giving Hoffman (Dem.) for Governor nearly 6000 majority.—81.

GARRETT DAVIS was born at Mt. Sterling, Kentucky, September 10, 1801. Having received an English and classical education, he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1823. With his professional labors he joined a considerable attention to agricultural pursuits. In 1833 he was elected to the Legislature, and was twice re-elected. He was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1839. From the latter year to 1847 he was in Congress, representing the District in which Henry Clay resided, of whom he was a warm personal and political friend. In 1861 he was elected a Senator in Congress from Kentucky, and was re-elected in 1867.—24, 136, 171, 199, 208, 243, 287, 296, 430, 458, 460, 484, 493, 498, 531, 533, 534, 548, 572.

THOMAS T. DAVIS was born in Middlebury, Vermont, August 22, 1810. Having removed to the State of New York, he graduated at Hamilton College in 1831, and was admitted to the bar in Syracuse in 1833. He has devoted much attention to business relating to railroads, manufactures, and mining. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from New York to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth. He was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by Dennis McCarthy.—63, 361.

HENRY L. DAWES was born in Cummington, Massachusetts, October 30, 1816. Having graduated at Yale College in 1839, he engaged successively in school-teaching, editing a newspaper, and practicing law. From 1848 to 1853 he was a member of the Legislature of Massachusetts. In 1853 he was chosen District Attorney for the Western District of the State, and held the office until 1856, when he was elected a Representative from Massachusetts to the Thirty-Fifth Congress. He has been a member of every subsequent Congress, including the Fortieth.—30, 478.

JOHN L. DAWSON was born in Uniontown, Pennsylvania, February 7, 1813. He was educated at Washington College, adopted the profession of law, and was, in 1845, appointed by President Polk United States Attorney for the Western District of Pennsylvania. Since 1844 he has been a member of most of the Democratic National Conventions. In 1850 he was elected a Representative to the Thirty-Second Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Third, in which he served as Chairman of the Committee on Agriculture, and was the author of the Homestead Bill which passed in 1854. In 1855 he was appointed by President Pierce Governor of Kansas, but declined the office. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth. He was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by John Covode.—144, 505.

JOSEPH H. DEFREES was born in White County, Tennessee, May 13, 1812. When eight years old he removed to Piqua, Ohio, and a few years after, he entered a printing-office, in which he obtained the most of his early education. In 1831 he established a newspaper in South Bend, Indiana, and two years after removed to Goshen, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits. In 1836 he was elected Sheriff of Elkhart County. In 1849 he was elected to the House of Representatives of Indiana, and in 1850 to the State Senate. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Indiana to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is William Williams.

COLUMBUS DELANO was born in Shoreham, Vermont, in 1809. When eight years old he removed to Mount Vernon, Ohio, where he studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1831. In 1844 he was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Twenty-Ninth Congress. In 1860 he was a delegate to the Chicago Convention. In 1861 he was appointed Commissary General of Ohio. Two years after he was a member of the Ohio Legislature. In 1864 he was a delegate to the Baltimore Republican Convention, and was in the same year elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is George W. Morgan.—236, 285 539, 564.

HENRY C. DEMING was born in Connecticut. He graduated at Yale College in 1836, and at the Harvard Law School in 1838. He had been a member of the Lower House and Senate of Connecticut, and for six years Mayor of Hartford, when in 1861 he went into the war as Colonel of the Twelfth Connecticut Regiment. He participated in the capture of New Orleans, and was Mayor of that city until 1868, when he returned to his native State, and was soon after elected a Representative in the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected in 1865, He was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by Richard D. Hubbard.—31.

CHARLES DENISON was born in Wyoming Valley, Pennsylvania, January 23, 1818. He graduated at Dickinson College in 1839, and entered the profession of law. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected in 1864. He was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by George W. Woodward.

ARTHUR A. DENNY was born in Indiana, in 1822, and removed in boyhood to Illinois. In 1851 he removed to Washington Territory, and was a member of the Territorial Legislature from 1853 to 1861. He was four years Register of the Land Office at Olympia, and was subsequently elected a Delegate from Washington Territory to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. He was succeeded by Alvan Flanders in the Fortieth Congress.

JAMES DIXON was born in Enfield, Connecticut, in 1814. He graduated at Williams College in 1834, and soon after entered upon the practice of law. In 1837 he was elected to the Legislature of Connecticut, and was twice reelected. He was a Representative in Congress from Connecticut from 1845 to 1849. In the latter year he was elected to the State Senate. He was elected United States Senator from Connecticut in 1857, and was re-elected in 1863.—423, 425, 495, 548.

NATHAN F. DIXON, son of a Senator of the same name, was born in Westerly, Rhode Island, May 1, 1812, and graduated at Brown University in 1833. After attending the Law Schools at New Haven and Cambridge, he was admitted to the bar in 1837. From 1840 to 1849 he was a member of the General Assembly of Rhode Island, and after having served in the Thirty-First Congress, was again elected to the Legislature. In 1863 he was elected a Representative from Rhode Island to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and entered upon his second Congressional term in 1865. He was in 1866 re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.

WILLIAM E. DODGE was born in Hartford, Connecticut, September 4, 1805. Early in life he went to New York City, where he engaged actively, in business. He has been forty years at the head of one of the most extensive manufacturing and importing establishments in the country. He was many years President of the National Temperance Society, and has long been a prominent promoter of benevolent enterprises in New York City. Having established his right to the seat held by James Brooks, he was admitted a member of the Thirty-Ninth Congress in the spring of 1866. He was succeeded by James Brooks in the Fortieth Congress.—511, 568.

IGNATIUS DONNELLY was born in Philadelphia, November 3, 1831, and was educated at the Central High School of his native city. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1853. He emigrated to Minnesota in 1857, and two years after was elected Lieutenant Governor of that State, and held the office two terms. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from Minnesota to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth Congresses.—145,156, 333, 507, 238, 553.

JAMES R. DOOLITTLE was born in Hampton, New York, January 3, 1815. He graduated at Geneva College in 1834, became a lawyer, and for several years held the office of District Attorney for Wyoming County. In 1851 he removed to Wisconsin, and two years after was elected Judge of the First Judicial Circuit of that State. In 1857 he was elected a United States Senator from Wisconsin, and in 1863 was re-elected for the term ending in 1869.—28, 38, 285, 408, 431, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 462, 495, 501, 531, 532, 533, 541, 564.

JOHN F. DRIGGS was born in Kinderhook, New York, March 8, 1813. He served an apprenticeship in the sash and door-making business, and soon after set up as a master mechanic in New York City. He took no part in politics until 1844, when he assisted in the reform movement by which James Harper was elected Mayor of New York. He was soon after appointed Superintendent of Blackwell's Island Penitentiary. In 1856 he removed to East Saginaw, Michigan, and was two years after elected President of that town. In 1859 he was elected to the Michigan Legislature. Two years after he was appointed Register at the Land Office for the Saginaw District, and held the office until his election as a Representative from Michigan to the Thirty-Eighth Congress in 1862. He was returned by increased majorities to the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth Congresses.

EBENEZER DUMONT was born in Vevay, Indiana, November 23, 1814. He was educated at the Indiana University, and adopted the profession of law. In 1838 he was elected a member of the Indiana Legislature, and from 1839 to 1845 held the office of County Treasurer. He served in the Mexican War as a Lieutenant Colonel, and was subsequently a member of the State Legislature, a Presidential Elector, and President of the State Bank. At the breaking out of the rebellion, he was appointed Colonel of the Seventh Regiment of Indiana Volunteers, and fought in the battle of Philippi, in West Virginia. Having been promoted to the rank of Brigadier General, he commanded a brigade at the battle of Murfreesboro. He was subsequently assigned to the military command of Nashville, and from that place led an expedition against John Morgan, capturing nearly all of his command. In 1862, while yet in the army, he was elected a Representative from Indiana to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected in 1864. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is John Coburn.

EPHRAIM R. ECKLEY was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, December 9, 1812, and was admitted to the bar in 1837. From 1843 to 1853 he served in the House of Representatives and in the Senate of Ohio. In the Civil War he was Colonel of the Twenty-Sixth and Eightieth Regiments of Ohio Volunteers. He fought in several battles, and at Corinth commanded a brigade. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth.—447.

GEORGE F. EDMUNDS was born in Richmond, Vermont, February 1, 1828, and was admitted to the bar in 1849. In 1854 he entered the Vermont Legislature, and served three years as Speaker. In 1861 and 1862 he served in the State Senate, and was the Presiding Officer of that body. He was appointed to the vacancy in the United States Senate occasioned by the death of Solomon Foot, and entered upon the duties of that position in April, 1866.—559, 560.

BENJAMIN EGGLESTON was born in Corinth, New York, January 3, 1816. He removed to Ohio in 1831, and gave his attention to commercial pursuits. He has been identified with many important public enterprises. He was for many years Chairman of the Board of Public Works of Cincinnati, and President of the City Council. He was for some years a member of the State Legislature. In 1860 he was a delegate to the Chicago Convention, and was a Presidential Elector in the election of that year. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected in 1866.

CHARLES A. ELDRIDGE was born at Bridport, Vermont, February 27, 1821. He removed to the State of New York, where he was admitted to the bar in 1846. In 1848 he removed to Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, and served in the Senate of that State in 1854 and 1855. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from Wisconsin to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was returned to the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth Congresses.—226, 242, 355, 419, 441, 476, 507, 539, 546.

THOMAS D. ELIOT was born in Boston, March 20, 1808. Having graduated at Columbia College, Washington, in 1825, he settled as a lawyer in New Bedford. Having served in both branches of the Massachusetts Legislature, he first entered Congress in 1855 for an unexpired term. In 1858 he was elected a Representative from Massachusetts to the Thirty-Sixth Congress, and has been returned to every succeeding Congress, including the Fortieth.—31, 95, 138, 157 295, 296, 306, 347, 443.

JOHN F. FARNSWORTH was born of New England parentage, in Eaton, Lower Canada, March 27, 1820, but was early removed to the Territory of Michigan. In 1843 he settled in St. Charles, Illinois, and entered upon the practice of law. In 1846 he left the Democratic Party with which he had acted, and joined the "Liberty Party." In 1856 and again in 1858 he was elected to Congress, from what was then known as the Chicago District. In 1861 he raised the Eighth Illinois Cavalry Regiment, of which he was Colonel until his promotion to the rank of Brigadier General. The severe service in which he was engaged in the Peninsular Campaign brought on a disability which necessitated his resignation. In the fall of 1862 he was elected a Representative from Illinois to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected in 1864 and 1866, on both occasions receiving the largest majorities given by any district in the United States.—61, 333, 339, 448, 519, 537.

JOHN H. FARQUHAR was born in Frederick County, Maryland, December 20, 1818. With his widowed mother he removed to Indiana in 1833, and was employed as civil engineer upon some of the earliest public improvements of the State. In 1841 he was elected Secretary of the Indiana Senate. In 1843 he was Chief Clerk of the Indiana House of Representatives, and was the same year admitted to the bar in Brookfield. In 1844 he was a delegate to the National Convention which nominated Henry Clay. In 1852 he was candidate for Presidential Elector on the Scott ticket, and in 1860 on the Lincoln ticket. In 1861 he was commissioned a Captain in the Nineteenth United States Infantry, and was detailed as mustering and disbursing officer for Indiana. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Indiana to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was succeeded by William S. Holman in the Fortieth Congress.

THOMAS W. FERRY was born in Mackinac, Michigan, June 1, 1827. He has been occupied extensively in the lumber trade and in banking. In 1850 he was elected to the House of Representatives of Michigan, and in 1856 to the State Senate. For eight years he was an efficient member of the Republican State Committee, and was a delegate and a Vice-President of the Chicago Convention of 1860. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Michigan to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected in 1866.

WILLIAM PITT FESSENDEN was born at Boscawen, New Hampshire, October 16, 1806. He graduated at Bowdoin College in 1823, and in 1827 entered upon the practice of law in Portland, Maine. In 1832 he was a delegate to the Convention which nominated Henry Clay. In the same year he was elected to the Maine Legislature, and again in 1840. In 1841 he was elected a Representative in Congress, and declined a re-election. In 1845, 1846, and 1853 he served his fellow citizens in the State Legislature. In 1853 he was elected a United States Senator from Maine, and was re-elected in 1859. Upon the resignation of Mr. Chase as Secretary of the Treasury, in July, 1864, he was appointed to that office. On the 4th of March following he resigned his seat in the Cabinet, and re-entered the United States Senate, to which he had been elected for the term ending in 1871. In the Senate he has held the important positions of Chairman of the Finance Committee and of the Joint Committee on Reconstruction. He has received the degree of LL.D. from Bowdoin College and Harvard University—27, 42, 136, 271, 224, 373, 377, 380, 394, 412, 419, 431, 432, 453, 456, 540.

WILLIAM E. FINCH was born in Ohio in 1822, and at the age of twenty-one was admitted to the bar. In 1851 he was elected to the State Senate. In the following year he was a delegate to the Convention which nominated General Scott for President. In 1861 he was again elected a State Senator. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth. He was succeeded by Philadelph Van Trump in the Fortieth Congress.—437, 462, 476, 519.

GEORGE G. FOGG was a newspaper editor, of New Hampshire, until his appointment by President Lincoln as United States Minister Resident for Switzerland. He made a considerable fortune while there by investing his salary in United States Securities when they were very low in Europe. At the opening of the second session of the Thirty-Ninth Congress he took his seat in the Senate, having been appointed to fill the unexpired term of Daniel Clark, which closed on the 4th of March, 1867. He was succeeded by James W. Patterson.

SOLOMON FOOT was born in Cornwall, Vermont, November 19, 1802, and graduated at Middlebury College in 1826. Having occupied some years in teaching, he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1831. He was for many years a member of the State Legislature of Vermont, and State Attorney. From 1843 to 1847 he was a Representative in Congress. In 1851 he was elected a Senator in Congress from Vermont, was re-elected in 1857, and again in 1863. For several years he held the office of President pro tem. of the Senate. He died in Washington, March 28, 1866.—253, 269.

LAFAYETTE S. FOSTER, a lineal descendant of Miles Standish, was born in Franklin, Connecticut, November 22, 1806. In 1828 he graduated at Brown University, which honored him with the degree of LL.D. in 1850. He was admitted to the bar in 1831. He was six times a member of the Connecticut Legislature, and two years Mayor of the city of Norwich. In 1855 he was elected a United States Senator for Connecticut, and was re-elected in 1862. He was chosen President pro tem. of the Senate at the extra session in 1865, and by the elevation of Andrew Johnson to the Presidency became Acting Vice-President of the United State. His service of twelve years in the Senate closed March 4, 1887, when he was succeeded by Orris S. Ferry.—23, 137, 187, 288, 306, 497, 576.

JOSEPH S. FOWLER was born near Steubenville, Ohio. He was left dependent on his own resources when very young, but by energy and perseverance succeeded in attaining a thorough collegiate education. Having adopted the profession of teaching, he was elected to a college Professorship of Mathematics in Tennessee. He was subsequently for some years at the head of a flourishing seminary of learning near Nashville. He was conspicuous for his staunch loyalty, and when the State Government passed out of the hands of the rebels he was elected to the important office of Comptroller of Tennessee. In 1865 he was elected a Senator in Congress from Tennessee, but with his colleagues was not admitted to a seat until near the close of the first session of the Thirty-Ninth Congress.—478.

FREDERICK T. FRELINGHUYSEN was born at Millstone, New Jersey, August 4, 1817. His grandfather, of the same name, was a member of the Continental Congress, and was a United States Senator from 1793 to 1796. Young Frederick having been left an orphan at an early age was adopted and reared by his uncle, Hon. Theodore Frelinghuysen. He graduated at Rutgers College, and studied law. He was appointed Attorney General of New Jersey in 1861, and was re-appointed in 1866. On the 24th of January, 1867, he took his seat as a United States Senator from New Jersey having been elected for the unexpired term of William Wright, deceased, which will end March 4, 1869.—492, 497.

JAMES A. GARFIELD was born in Orange, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, November 19, 1831. He graduated at Williams College, Massachusetts, in 1856, and was for some years principal of a flourishing Seminary of learning at Hiram, Ohio. In 1859 and 1860 he was a member of the Ohio Senate. In 1861 he entered the army as Colonel of the Forty-Second Regiment of Ohio Volunteers, and in the following year was commissioned a Brigadier General. He served as Chief of Staff to General Rosecrans. He fought at the battles of Shiloh, Corinth, and Chicamauga. For gallant service in the last named battle he was promoted to the rank of Major General. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth Congresses.—144, 438, 450, 524, 540, 538, 553, 557.

ADAM J. GLOSSBRENNER was born in Hagerstown, Maryland, August 31, 1810. He was apprenticed at an early age to the printing-business. When seventeen years of age he journeyed westward, and became foreman in the office of the "Ohio Monitor," and afterwards of the "Western Telegraph." In 1829 he returned to Pennsylvania and settled in York, and there published the "York Gazette." In 1849 he was elected Sergeant-at-arms of the House of Representatives for the Thirty-First Congress, and held the same office through the four following Congressional terms. In 1861 he was private secretary to President Buchanan. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-Ninth Congress.

CHARLES GOODYEAR was born in Schoharie County, New York, April 26, 1805. He graduated at Union College in 1824, and entered upon the practice of law in 1827. In 1839 he was elected to the New York Legislature, and in 1841 was appointed First Judge of Schoharie County. In 1845 he was elected a Representative to the Twenty-Ninth Congress, and twenty years after was elected to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. During the interval he devoted his attention to the business of banking. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is John V. L. Pruyn.

HENRY GRIDER was born in Kentucky, July 16, 1796. He was a private in the last war with England. He subsequently divided his attention between agriculture and law. In 1827 and 1831 he was elected to the Legislature of Kentucky, and in 1833 to the State Senate. As early as 1843 he was elected a Representative to Congress from Kentucky and held the position until 1847. He was re-elected to the Thirty-Seventh, Thirty-Eighth, and Thirty-Ninth Congresses. He died before the expiration of the last term for which he was elected.—417, 570.

JAMES W. GRIMES was born in Deering, New Hampshire, October 16, 1816. He graduated at Dartmouth College in 1836, and soon after removed to Iowa, where he was, in 1838, elected to the first Territorial Legislature. From 1854 to 1858 he was Governor of Iowa. In 1859 he was elected a Senator in Congress, and was in 1865 elected for a second term, which will end in 1871. In 1865 he received the degree of LL.D. from Iowa College. He was a delegate to the Peace Congress of 1861. For a number of years he has been Chairman of the Committee on Naval Affairs.

JOSIAH B. GRINNELL was born in New Haven, Vermont, December 22, 1821. He received a collegiate and theological education. In 1855, he went to Iowa, where he turned his attention to farming, and became the most extensive wool-grower in the State. He was four years a member of the Iowa Senate, and two years a special agent for the General Post Office. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from Iowa to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth. He was succeeded by William Loughridge in the Fortieth Congress.—70, 153, 507, 572, 573, 574.

JOHN A. GRISWOLD was born in Rensselaer County, New York, in 1822. He has been engaged in the iron trade and business of banking. He was once Mayor of the City of Troy. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from New York to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, was re-elected in 1864, and again in 1866.—523.

JAMES GUTHRIE was born near Bardstown, Kentucky, in 1795. Having spent some years in trading with New Orleans as the owner of flatboats, he settled in Louisville as a lawyer, at the age of twenty-five. He was at one time shot by a political opponent, and was in consequence laid up for three years. He served nine years in the State Legislature and six years in the Kentucky Senate. He subsequently took an active part in the banking business, and was President of the Nashville and Louisville Railroad. He was President of the Kentucky Constitutional Convention of 1851. In 1853 he became Secretary of the Treasury under President Pierce. He was a delegate to the Chicago Convention of 1864. In 1865 he was elected United States Senator from Kentucky for the term ending in 1871.—46, 134, 160, 210, 214.

ROBERT S. HALE was born, in Chelsea, Vermont, September 24, 1822, and graduated at the University of Vermont in 1842. He settled for the practice of law at Elizabethtown, New York. He subsequently held the position of Judge of Essex County, Regent of the University of New York, and Presidential Elector. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from New York to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by Orange Ferris.—82, 372.

AARON HARDING was born in Greene County, Kentucky. He was admitted to the bar in 1833. He was elected to the Kentucky Legislature in 1840. In 1861 he was elected a Representative from Kentucky to the Thirty-Seventh Congress and was re-elected to the Thirty-Eighth and Thirty-Ninth Congresses. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is J. Proctor Knott.—361, 462.

ABNER C. HARDING was born in East Hampton, Connecticut, February 10, 1807. He practiced law in the State of New York, and subsequently in Illinois. He was for many years engaged extensively in farming and railroad management. In 1848 he was a member of the Illinois Constitutional Convention, and subsequently of the Legislature. In 1862 he enlisted as a private in the Eighty-Third Illinois Infantry, and became its Colonel. He was promoted to the rank of Brigadier General. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Illinois to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected in 1866.—522.

BENJAMIN G. HARRIS was born in Maryland, December 13, 1806. He was for a time a student of Yale College, and afterwards studied at the Cambridge Law School. He returned to his native State and engaged in the practice of law and agriculture. He served for several years in the Maryland House of Delegates. In 1863, and again in 1865, he was elected a Representative to Congress from Maryland. In May, 1865, he was arrested and tried by court-martial for violating the Fifty-Sixth Article of War, and was declared guilty; but the President ordered the sentence of the court to be remitted in full. He was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by Frederick Stone.

IRA HARRIS was born in Charleston, New York, May 31, 1802. He graduated at Union College in 1824, and soon after entered upon the practice of law in Albany, and for many years devoted attention exclusively to his profession. In 1844 he was elected to the New York Legislature, and served two terms. In 1846 he was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention, and was the same year elected to the State Senate. In 1847 he was elected Judge of the Supreme Court, and held the office twelve years. In 1861 he was elected a Senator in Congress from New York for the term ending in 1867, when he was succeeded by Roscoe Conkling.

ROSWELL HART was born in Rochester, New York, in 1821. He graduated at Yale College in 1843, and was admitted to the bar in 1847, but entered immediately upon mercantile pursuits. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from New York to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is Lewis Selye.

ISAAC R. HAWKINS was born in Maury County, Tennessee, May 16, 1818. He was engaged in agricultural pursuits until twenty-two years of age, when he commenced the study of law. In 1843 he settled, for the practice of law, in Huntington, Tennessee, where he now resides. He served as a Lieutenant in the Mexican War. In 1860 he was elected to the Legislature of Tennessee. He was a delegate to the Peace Congress of 1861, and in the spring and summer of that year was actively engaged in making speeches throughout his State against secession. In September, 1862, he entered the army as Lieutenant-Colonel of the Seventh Tennessee Cavalry. In 1864 he was captured by the enemy at Union City, Tennessee, and was imprisoned at Mobile and Macon. He was one of the fifty officers placed by the rebels under fire of the Federal force off Charleston. Having been exchanged, he commanded the cavalry force in Western Kentucky until the close of the war. In August, 1865, he was elected a Representative from Tennessee to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.

RUTHERFORD B. HAYES was born in Delaware, Ohio, October 4, 1822. He graduated at Kenyon College, and subsequently at the Cambridge Law School. He was City Solicitor for Cincinnati from 1858 to 1861. He went into the army at the opening of the war as Major of the Twenty-Third Ohio Volunteers, and reached the rank of Brigadier General. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. He was, in 1866, re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, but having been elected Governor of Ohio in 1867, he resigned his seat in Congress, and was succeeded by Samuel F. Carey.

JAMES H. D. HENDERSON was born in Livingston County, Kentucky, July 23, 1810. In 1817 he removed with his parents to Missouri, and learned the printing business in Jefferson City. He subsequently published a weekly newspaper at Bowling Green, Missouri. At the age of twenty-five he entered the ministry of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and after preaching for a time in Missouri, he accepted the pastoral charge of a congregation in Pennsylvania. Having held this position eight years, he resigned in 1851, and soon after emigrated to Oregon. There he engaged in agricultural pursuits, but was active in preaching and lecturing against slavery, intemperance, gambling, and other popular vices. He was elected to the office of Superintendent of Common Schools for Oregon. In 1864 he was elected the Representative from Oregon to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. He was succeeded by Rufus Mallory.

JOHN B. HENDERSON was born in Virginia, November 16, 1826, and at ten years of age removed with his parents to Missouri. He taught school as a means of support while attaining an academical education. He studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1848. He was subsequently twice elected to the Missouri Legislature. In 1856 he was a Democratic Presidential Elector, and was a delegate to the Charleston Convention of 1860. On the expulsion of Trusten Polk from the United States Senate, he was appointed to fill the vacancy. In 1863 he was elected for the full term, ending in 1869.—161, 377, 382, 386, 388, 461, 530, 531, 533, 534, 559.

THOMAS A. HENDRICKS was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, September 7, 1819. He was educated at South Hanover College. He studied law at Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, and settled in Indiana for the practice of his profession. In 1848 he served in the State Legislature, and was a prominent member of the Indiana Constitutional Convention of 1850. In 1851 he was elected a Representative in Congress from Indiana, and served two terms. In 1855 he was appointed Commissioner of the General Land Office, and held that office until his resignation in 1859. In 1860 he was the Democratic candidate for Governor of Indiana, and was defeated by Henry S. Lane. In 1863 he was elected United States Senator from Indiana, for the term ending in 1869.—28, 108, 136, 211, 218, 296, 306, 395, 432, 455, 459, 460, 491, 498, 531, 532, 533, 535, 548.

WILLIAM HIGBY was born in Essex County, New York, August 18, 1813. He graduated at the University of Vermont in 1840, and practiced law in New York until 1850, when he removed to California. Three years after he was elected District Attorney of Cavaleras County, and held the office until 1859. He was subsequently a member of the State Senate. In 1863 he was elected a Representative from California to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was successively re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth Congresses.—356, 357, 358, 510, 575.

RALPH HILL was born in Trumbull County, Ohio, October 12, 1827, and was left in early life entirely dependent upon his own exertions. After taking an academical course of study, he attended the New York State and National Law School at Ballston Spa, where he graduated to the degree of LL.B., in 1851. In the following year he settled in the practice of his profession at Columbus, Indiana. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Indiana to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is Morton C. Hunter.—356.

ELIJAH HISE was born in Pennsylvania, and removed in early life to Lexington, Kentucky. Having studied law, he established himself in Russellville, Kentucky, for the practice of his profession. He served as member of the State Legislature and a Judge of the Superior Court of Kentucky. He was long regarded as one of the moat eloquent and effective political speakers of Kentucky. In 1865 he was elected a Representative from Kentucky to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. In May, 1867, he was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, and a few days after committed suicide, alleging the gloomy political prospects of the country as a reason for the act. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is Jacob S. Galladay.—511, 521.

PHINEAS W. HITCHCOCK was born in New Lebanon, New York, November 30, 1831. Having graduated at Williams College, Massachusetts, in 1855, he studied law, and emigrated to Nebraska Territory in 1857. In 1861 he was appointed by President Lincoln Marshal of the Territory, and held this office until his election as a Delegate from Nebraska to the Thirty-Ninth Congress.

JOHN HOGAN was born in Ireland, January 2, 1805, and came with his father to Baltimore, Maryland, in 1817. He was apprenticed to a shoemaker, and obtained the rudiments of education in the Asbury Sunday School. In 1826 he removed to Illinois, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits. In 1836 he was a member of the State Legislature, in 1838 Commissioner of the Board of Public Works, and in 1841 Register of the Land Office by appointment of President Harrison. He removed to St. Louis, and engaged in mercantile pursuits and banking. In 1857 he was appointed by President Buchanan Postmaster at St. Louis. In 1864 he was elected a Representative to Congress from Missouri, and was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by William A. Pile.

E. D. HOLBROOK was born in Elyria, Ohio, in 1836. Having received a common-school education, he studied law, and emigrated to Idaho. In 1864 he was elected the Delegate from that Territory to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected in 1866.

SIDNEY T. HOLMES was born in Schaghticoke, Rensselaer County, New York, in 1815. He received an academical education, and after having spent five years in civil engineering, studied law, and entered upon the practice of his profession in 1841. In 1851 he was elected Judge and Surrogate for Madison County, and held the office until 1864, when he was elected a Representative from New York to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is John C. Churchill.

SAMUEL HOOPER was born in Marblehead, Massachusetts, February 3, 1808. Having received a commercial education, he established himself as merchant in Boston. He has long been a partner in the commercial house of William Appleton & Co. In 1851 he was elected to the Massachusetts House of Representatives, and in 1857 to the State Senate. In 1861 he was elected a Representative from Massachusetts to the Thirty-Seventh Congress, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of William Appleton. He has been re-elected to the Thirty-Eighth, Thirty-Ninth, and Fortieth Congresses.—30.

GILES W. HOTCHKISS is a member of the bar in Binghamton, New York. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from New York to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected in 1864. He was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by William S. Lincoln.—523, 538.

JACOB M. HOWARD was born in Shaftsbury, Vermont, July 10, 1805, and graduated at Williams College in 1830. Having taught in an academy and studied law in Massachusetts, he removed to Michigan in 1832. In 1838 he was a member of the State Legislature, and in 1841 was elected a Representative in Congress from Michigan. He subsequently served for six years as Attorney General of the State. In 1862 he was elected to a vacancy in the United States Senate, and in 1865 he was re-elected for the term ending in 1871.—36, 196, 398, 423, 453, 455, 530.

TIMOTHY O. HOWE was born in Livermore, Maine, February 7, 1816. Having received an academical education at the Readfield Seminary, he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1839. He was elected to the Legislature of Maine in 1845, and in the same year removed to Green Bay, Wisconsin. Five years after he was elected a Circuit Judge, and held the office until his resignation in 1855. In 1861 he was elected a Senator in Congress from Wisconsin, and was re-elected in 1867.—421, 459.

ASAHEL W. HUBBARD was born in Haddam, Connecticut, January 18, 1819. In 1838 he removed to Indiana, and engaged in school-teaching. He entered upon the profession of law in 1841, and was in 1847 elected to the Indiana Legislature, in which he served three terms. He removed to Iowa in 1857, and was soon after elected Judge of the Fourth Judicial District of that State. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from Iowa to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth Congresses.

CHESTER D. HUBBARD was born in Hamden, Connecticut, November 25, 1814. In the following year he was removed to Pennsylvania, and thence to Wheeling, Virginia, in 1819. Having graduated at Wesleyan University, Connecticut, in 1840, he returned to Wheeling, and engaged actively in business pursuits. In 1852 he was elected to the lower House of the Virginia Legislature. He was a delegate to the Richmond Convention which passed the ordinance of secession, and opposed that movement with so much ardor that he was expelled from the Convention. He was a member of the Wheeling Convention which organized the restored government of Virginia, and after the formation of the new State of West Virginia, was elected to the State Senate. He was elected a Representative from West Virginia to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.

DEMAS HUBBARD was born in Winfield, New York, January 17, 1806. Having received an academic education he gave his attention to farming and the practice of law. He was for many years a member and Chairman of the Board of Supervisors of Chenango County, and from 1838 to 1840 was a member of the New York Legislature. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from New York to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is William C. Fields.

JOHN H. HUBBARD was born in Salisbury, Connecticut, in 1805. He was brought up a farmer and received a common-school education. He was admitted to the bar in 1826. He was five years Prosecuting Attorney for Litchfield County, and two terms a member of the State Senate. In the spring of 1863 he was elected a Representative from Connecticut to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected in 1865. He was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by William H. Barnum.—148.

EDWIN N. HUBBELL was born in Coxsackie, New York, August 13, 1813. Having received an academical education, he gave his attention to manufacturing and farming, and held for some time the office of County Supervisor. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from New York to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. He was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by Thomas Cornell.

JAMES R. HUBBELL was born in Delaware County, Ohio, in 1824. Having received a common-school education, he studied and practiced the profession of law. He served four terms in the House of Representatives of Ohio, of which he was twice the Speaker. In 1856 he was a Presidential Elector. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. He was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress, by Cornelius S. Hamilton, deceased.

CALVIN T. HULBURD was born in Stockholm, New York, June 5, 1809. After having graduated at Middlebury College, Vermont, and studied law at Yale College, he engaged in agricultural pursuits. In 1842 he was elected to the Legislature of New York, and was twice re-elected. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from New York to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth Congresses.

JAMES HUMPHREY was born in Fairfield, Connecticut, October 9, 1811, and in 1831 graduated at Amherst College, of which his father, Rev. Heman Humphrey, was President. After having been principal of an academy in Connecticut, he studied law, and commenced the practice of his profession in Louisville, Kentucky, where he remained only one year. In 1838 he removed to the City of New York for the practice of the law. In 1859 he was elected a member of Congress, and served one term. After remaining in private life a few years, he was elected a member of the Thirty-Ninth Congress, but died before its close, on the 16th June, 1866.—570.

JAMES M. HUMPHREY was born in Erie County, New York, September 21, 1819. He received a common-school education and studied law. From 1857 to 1859 he was District Attorney at Buffalo. He was a member of the State Senate from 1862 to 1865, when he was elected a Representative from New York to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. He was re-elected to the Fortieth.

JOHN W. HUNTER, a banker of Brooklyn, New York, was elected a Representative from New York to the Thirty-Ninth Congress to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of James Humphrey. He took his seat December 4, 1866. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is William E. Robinson.—515.

EBEN C. INGERSOLL was born in Oneida County, New York, December 12, 1831. He removed with his father to Illinois in 1843. Having received an academical education at Paducah, Kentucky, he studied law, and located in Peoria, Illinois, for the practice of his profession. In 1856 he was elected to the Illinois Legislature. He served as Colonel of Illinois Volunteers in the Civil War. On the death of Owen Lovejoy, March 25, 1864, he was elected a Representative from Illinois for the remainder of the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth Congresses.—521.

THOMAS A. JENCKES was born in Providence, Rhode Island, in 1818. Having graduated at Brown University in 1838, he entered upon the profession of law. In 1863 he was elected a Representative from Rhode Island to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth Congresses.—31, 320, 332, 340, 554.

PHILIP JOHNSON was born in Warren County, New Jersey January 17, 1818, and removed to Pennsylvania in 1839. He was educated at Lafayette College, and having studied law, he was admitted to the bar in 1848. He was two years a member of the State Legislature, and was Chairman of the Democratic State Convention in 1857. In 1860 he was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-Seventh Congress, and was subsequently twice re-elected. He died before the expiration of the term for which he was elected as a member of the Thirty-Ninth Congress.—90, 570.

REVERDY JOHNSON was born in Annapolis, Maryland, May 21, 1796. He was educated at St. John's College, in his native town, and studied law with his father. The first office which he held was that of State Attorney. In 1817 he removed to Baltimore for the practice of his profession, and was three years after appointed Chief Commissioner of Insolvent Debtors. In 1821 he was elected to the Senate of Maryland, and was re-elected for a second term. In 1845 he was elected a Senator in Congress from Maryland, but resigned in 1849 to accept the position of Attorney General, to which he had been appointed by President Taylor. Subsequently he devoted many years to the uninterrupted practice of his profession. He was a delegate to the Peace Congress of 1861, and was in the following year elected a United States Senator from Maryland for the term ending in 1869.—24, 36, 96, 136, 163, 198, 203, 264, 270, 271, 384, 427, 454, 455, 461, 492, 528, 532, 533, 534, 547.

MORGAN JONES was born in New York City, February 26, 1832, and was educated at the school of St. James' Church. He adopted the business of a plumber, which he conducted in the City of New York. He served as a City Councilman for several years, and was subsequently elected a member of the Board of Aldermen, of which he was made President. In 1864 he was elected a member of the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by John Fox.

GEORGE W. JULIAN was born in Wayne County, Indiana, May 5, 1817. After spending three years as school-teacher, he studied law, and commenced the practice of the profession in 1840. In 1845 he was a member of the State Legislature. Having become an earnest advocate of anti-slavery principles, he attended the Buffalo Convention of 1848, which nominated Van Buren and Adams, and subsequently, as a candidate for Presidential Elector on their ticket made a laborious canvass of his district. In 1849 he was Representative in Congress from Indiana. In 1852 he was a candidate for Vice-President of the United States on the ticket with John P. Hale. In 1860 he was re-elected Representative in Congress, and has since been a member of the Thirty-Eighth, Thirty-Ninth, and Fortieth Congresses.—31, 74, 364, 516, 553, 554.

JOHN A. KASSON was born near Burlington, Vermont, January 11, 1822. Having graduated at the University of Vermont, he studied law in Massachusetts, and practiced the profession for a time in St. Louis, Missouri. In 1857 he removed to Iowa, and was appointed a Commissioner to report upon the condition of the Executive Departments of Iowa. In 1861 he was appointed Assistant Postmaster-General, but resigned the position in the following year, when he was elected a Representative to Congress from Iowa. He was re-elected in 1864 to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is Grenville M. Dodge.—72, 363, 525.

WILLIAM D. KELLEY was born in Philadelphia in the spring of 1814. He was left an orphan when very young, dependent for support and education wholly upon his own resources. Having been errand-boy in a book-store, and copy-reader in a printing-office, in his fourteenth year he apprenticed himself in a jewelry establishment. Having learned his trade, he removed to Boston, where he remained four years working at his trade, and giving, meanwhile, considerable time to reading and study. Returning to Philadelphia, he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1841. From 1846 for a period of ten years he held the office of Judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia. In 1856, on the repeal of the Missouri Compromise, he left the Democratic party, and became the Republican candidate for Congress, but was defeated. In 1860 he was a delegate to the Chicago Republican Convention, and was, in the fall of the same year, elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-Seventh Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Eighth, Thirty-Ninth, and Fortieth Congresses.—51, 58, 79, 348, 349, 438, 526.

JOHN R. KELSO was born in Franklin County, Ohio, March 23, 1831. At the age of nine years he removed with his parents to North-western Missouri, then a wilderness. After surmounting great obstacles he succeeded in obtaining an education, and graduated at Pleasant Ridge College in 1858. He soon after became principal of an academy at Buffalo, Missouri. On the breaking out of the rebellion he was the first in his county to volunteer in defense of the Union, and immediately took the field as captain of a company of daring and enterprising men. With his company he was detailed to hunt the bushwhackers, who, from their hiding-places, were committing the most atrocious outrages upon the loyal people. His name became a terror to the rebels and guerrillas of the Southwest. He took part in over sixty fierce conflicts, and in personal encounter killed twenty-six armed rebels with his own hand. At the close of his service in the war he was elected a Representative from Missouri to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. He declined renomination, and resumed his profession of teaching in Springfield, Missouri. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is Joseph J. Gravelly.

MICHAEL C. KERR was born in Titusville, Pennsylvania, March 15, 1827. He was left an orphan at the age of twelve years, and through his own exertions obtained an academical education. He taught school for a time, and, in 1851, graduated in the Law Department of the University of Louisville, and soon after located in New Albany, Indiana. In 1856 he was elected to the Legislature of Indiana, and served two terms. In 1862 he was elected reporter of the decisions of the Supreme Court, and held the office two years, publishing five volumes of reports. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Indiana to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.—147, 236, 362, 510.

JOHN H. KETCHAM was born in Dover, New York, December 21, 1831. Having received an academical education, he devoted his attention to agricultural pursuits. In 1856 and 1857 he was a member of the New York House of Representatives, and of the State Senate in 1860 and 1861. He entered the military service in 1862 as Colonel of the One Hundred and Fiftieth New York Regiment, and became a Brigadier General by brevet. He resigned his position in the army in March, 1865, having been elected a Representative from New York to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. He was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.—31.

SAMUEL J. KIRKWOOD was born in Hartford County, Maryland, December 20, 1813, and received an academical education in Washington. Having removed to Ohio he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1843. He was four years Prosecuting Attorney for Richland County, and was a member of the Ohio Constitutional Convention in 1850. Having removed to Iowa, he was elected to the State Senate in 1856. He was Governor of Iowa from 1860 to 1864, and, in January, 1866, he was elected a United States Senator from Iowa for the unexpired term of James Harlan, ending in 1867, at which date he was succeeded by his predecessor, who was re-elected.—487.

WILLIAM H. KOONTZ, a lawyer by profession, was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. He successfully contested the seat taken by Alexander H. Coffroth, and was admitted near the close of the first session. He was, in 1866, re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.—508.

ANDREW J. KUYKENDALL was born in Gallatin County, Illinois, March 3, 1815, and became a lawyer. From 1842 to 1846 he was a member of the Illinois House of Representatives, and was, from 1850 to 1852, a member of the State Senate. He was Major of the Thirty-First Illinois Infantry, but resigned on account of ill health in the early part of the war. In 1864 he was elected a Representative to Congress from Illinois, and was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by Green B. Raum.

ADDISON H. LAFLIN was born in Lee, Massachusetts, October 24, 1823. He graduated at Williams College in 1843. He afterward settled in Herkimer County, New York, and became engaged extensively in the manufacture of paper. In 1857 he was elected State Senator. In 1864 he was elected a Representative to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected in 1866.

HENRY S. LANE was born in Montgomery County, Kentucky, February 24, 1811. After having obtained an academical education, he studied law, and removed to Indiana, where he engaged in the practice of his profession. In 1837 he was elected to the Indiana Legislature. In 1840 he was elected a Representative in Congress from Indiana. He served under General Taylor in the Mexican War as Lieutenant-Colonel of Volunteers. He was President of the first Republican National Convention which met in Philadelphia, July 4, 1856. In 1861 he was elected Governor of Indiana, but resigned the office two days after his inauguration to accept the position of Senator in Congress, to which he was elected for the term ending in 1867. He was succeeded by Oliver P. Morton.—213, 381, 383, 499, 532.

JAMES H. LANE was born in Lawrenceburg, Indiana, June 22, 1814. He served as a soldier through the Mexican War, and soon after his return in 1849 was elected Lieutenant-Governor of Indiana. He was an active Democratic politician, and as such was elected a Representative in Congress from Indiana in 1853. Soon after the close of his Congressional term, he went to Kansas, where he actively aided in the work of erecting a Free-State Government. He was President of the Topeka and the Leavenworth Constitutional Conventions, and was elected by the people Major General of the Free-State Troops. On the admission of Kansas into the Union, he was elected a Senator in Congress from that State. Soon after the breaking out of the Rebellion, he was appointed by President Lincoln a Brigadier General of Volunteers. He was a member of the Baltimore Convention of 1864. In 1865 he was re-elected by the Legislature of Kansas a Senator in Congress. On the 1st of July, 1866, while at Fort Leavenworth on leave of absence from the Senate on account of ill-health, he committed suicide.—171, 201, 279, 284, 285, 457, 569.

GEORGE R. LATHAM was born in Prince William County, Virginia, March 9, 1832. He engaged in teaching school, and while in that employment studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1859. During the Presidential Campaign of 1860, he edited a paper in Grafton, Virginia. At the breaking out of the Rebellion, he entered the army as Captain, and became Colonel of the Second Virginia Volunteers. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from West Virginia to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by Bethuel M. Kitchen.

GEORGE V. LAWRENCE, whose father, Joseph Lawrence, was a member of Congress, was born in Washington County, Pennsylvania, in 1818. He received a liberal education at Washington College, and engaged in agricultural pursuits. He was in 1844 elected a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, and was three times re-elected. He served five terms in the State Senate, of which, during his last term of service, he was the Presiding Officer. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected in 1866.

WILLIAM LAWRENCE was born in Mount Pleasant, Ohio, June 26, 1819. He graduated at Franklin College, Ohio, in 1838, and subsequently taught school in McConnellsville. In 1840 he graduated in the Law Department of Cincinnati College. In 1841 he located in Bellefontaine, Ohio, for the practice of law. In 1842 he was appointed Commissioner of Bankrupts for Logan County. In 1845 he was elected Prosecuting Attorney, and in the same year became proprietor of the "Logan Gazette," of which he was two years the editor. In 1846 he was elected a Representative in the Legislature, and was re-elected in the following year. In 1849 and 1850 he was a member of the Ohio Senate, and again in 1854, having in the interval held the office of Reporter for the Supreme Court. He was the originator of many legislative acts of great importance to the State, among the rest one relating to land titles, known as "Lawrence's Law," and the Ohio Free Banking Law, similar in some respects to the existing National Banking Law. In 1854 he was one of the signers to a call for a State Convention in opposition to the "Kansas-Nebraska Bill." In 1856 he was elected a Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, and in 1861 was re-elected for a term of five years. In 1862 he had command as Colonel of the Eighty-Fourth Regiment of Ohio Volunteers for three months. In September, 1863, President Lincoln gave him the commission of Judge of the U. S. District Court of Florida, which he declined. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and in 1866 he was re-elected.—343, 345, 520.

FRANCIS C. Le BLOND was born in Ohio, and became a lawyer. In 1851 and in 1853 he was elected to the State Legislature and served as Speaker. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected in 1864. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is William Mungen.—243, 306, 519, 538, 547.

JOHN W. LEFTWICH was born in Bedford County, Virginia, September 7, 1826. He removed with his parents to Tennessee in 1834, and was occupied in farm work in summer, and attending school in winter, until twenty years of age. He served as a private in the Mexican War, and on his return attended the Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia, where he graduated in 1850. He practiced medicine in Middle Tennessee two years, and then removed to Memphis, where he was occupied with mercantile pursuits until the breaking out of the war. Being loyal to the Union, he found it necessary after the battle of Fort Donaldson to cross the Federal lines. After the occupation of Memphis by the Federal forces in June, 1862, he returned to find that his personal property had been confiscated by the rebels. He resumed business, however, and was elected President of the Memphis Chamber of Commerce on its reoerganization. He was elected a Representative from Tennessee to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, to which, with his colleagues, he was admitted in July, 1866. He was nominated for re-election by the "Conservative Party," and was defeated by David A. Nunn.

BENJAMIN F. LOAN was born in Hardinsburg, Kentucky, in 1819. In 1838 he removed to Missouri and engaged in the practice of law. At the breaking out of the rebellion he entered the army, and was appointed Brigadier General. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from Missouri to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth Congresses.

JOHN W. LONGYEAR was born in Shandaken, Ulster County, New York, October 22, 1820. Having acquired an academical education, he removed to Michigan in 1844. He studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1846. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from Michigan to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected in 1864. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is Austin Blair.—447.

JOHN LYNCH was born in Portland, Maine, February 15, 1825. After receiving an academical education he entered upon mercantile pursuits in his native city. After serving two years in the State Legislature he was, in 1864, elected a Representative from Maine to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected in 1866.

SAMUEL S. MARSHALL was born in Illinois, and was educated at Cumberland College, Kentucky. He devoted himself to the practice of law in Illinois, and was elected to the State Legislature in 1846. He served two years as State Attorney, and, in 1851, was elected a Judge of the Circuit Court, and held the office until 1854, when he was elected a Representative from Illinois to the Thirty-Fourth Congress and was re-elected in 1856. He was a delegate to the Chicago Democratic Convention of 1864, and was the same year elected, a Representative to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. He was re-elected in 1866.—148, 352.

GILMAN MARSTON was born in Orford, New Hampshire. In 1837 he graduated at Dartmouth College, and in 1840 at the Dane Law School. He commenced the practice of law in the following year, in 1845 he was elected to the New Hampshire Legislature, and served four years. In 1859 he was elected a Representative from New Hampshire to the Thirty-Sixth Congress, and was re-elected in 1861. In June, 1861, he was appointed Colonel of the Second Regiment of New Hampshire Volunteers, and in 1863 was promoted to the rank of Brigadier General. He participated in many battles, and on the fall of Richmond retired from the army. Early in 1865 he was re-elected a Representative in Congress from New Hampshire. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is Jacob H. Ela.—31.

JAMES M. MARVIN was born in Ballston, New York, February 27, 1809. He spent his boyhood on a farm, and received an academical education. When not in public life he has been occupied in managing a large estate. In 1846 he was elected to the Legislature of New York, and subsequently held, for three terms, the office of County Supervisor. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from New York to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth Congresses.

HORACE MAYNARD was born in Westborough, Massachusetts, August 30, 1814. He graduated at Amherst College in 1838. Soon after, he removed to Tennessee, and was appointed Professor of Mathematics in the University of East Tennessee. While holding this position he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1844. He was a Presidential Elector in 1852, and in 1856 was elected a Representative from Tennessee to the Thirty-Fifth Congress, and was twice re-elected. He was in Washington as a member of the Thirty-Seventh Congress when the rebels took possession of Tennessee. His property was confiscated, and his family was driven from their home in East Tennessee. He was a delegate to the Baltimore Republican Convention of 1864, and was the same year re-elected a Representative from Tennessee to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was admitted to his seat in July, 1866. He was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.—17, 434, 478, 480, 506, 527.

JOSEPH W. McCLURG was born in St. Louis County, Missouri, February 22, 1818, and was educated at Miami University, Ohio. He subsequently spent two years as a teacher in Louisiana and Mississippi. In 1841 he went to Texas, where he was admitted to the bar, and became Clerk of a Circuit Court. In 1844 he settled in Missouri as a merchant. At the outbreak of the civil war he suffered severe losses at the hands of rebels, and abandoning his business he served for a time as Colonel of Cavalry. He was a member of the Missouri State Convention of 1862, and was in that year elected a Representative from Missouri to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected in 1864 and 1866.

HIRAM McCULLOUGH was born in Cecil County, Maryland, September 20, 1813. He was educated at the Elkton Academy, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1838. From 1845 to 1851 he was a member of the Maryland Senate. In 1852 he was appointed by the Legislature one of the codifiers of the laws of Maryland, and aided in making the present code of that State. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Maryland to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected in 1866.

JAMES A. McDOUGALL was born at Bethlehem, New York, November 19, 1817, and was educated at the Albany Grammar School. He assisted in the survey of the first railroad ever built in this country. In 1837 he removed to Illinois and engaged in the practice of law. In 1842 he was chosen Attorney General of Illinois, and two years after was re-elected. In 1849 he originated and accompanied an exploring expedition to the far West. He soon after emigrated to California, and in 1850 was elected Attorney General of that State. From 1853 to 1855 he served as a Representative in Congress from California. In 1861 he was elected United States Senator for California for the term ending with the expiration of the Thirty-Ninth Congress. He died in Albany, New York, in the summer of 1867.—136, 137, 163, 277, 287, 432, 461, 533, 535.

WALTER D. McINDOE was born in Scotland, March 30, 1819. He emigrated to New York City in his fifteenth year, and was a clerk in that city, and afterwards in Charleston and St. Louis. He subsequently settled in Wis-' cousin, and engaged in the lumber trade. In 1850 he was a member of the Wisconsin Legislature, and was twice re-elected. In 1856, and in 1860, he was a Presidential Elector. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from Wisconsin to fill a vacancy in the Thirty-Seventh Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Eighth and Thirty-Ninth Congresses. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is Cadwalader C. Washburn.

SAMUEL McKEE was born in Montgomery County, Kentucky, November 4, 1833. In 1858 he graduated at the Miami University, Ohio, and afterwards at the Cincinnati Law School in 1858. He subsequently practiced law until 1862, when he entered the Union army as Captain of the Fourteenth Kentucky Cavalry. He was thirteen months a prisoner in Libby Prison. In 1865 he was elected a Representative from Kentucky to the Thirty-Ninth Congress.—152, 361, 441.

DONALD McRUER was born in Maine in 1826. He received an academical education, and engaged in mercantile pursuits. Removing to California, he settled in San Francisco. He held for some time the office of Harbor Commissioner for that State. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from California to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. He was succeeded by Samuel B. Axtell in the Fortieth Congress.

ULYSSES MERCUR was born in Towanda, Pennsylvania, August 12, 1818. He graduated at Jefferson College, in 1842, and was admitted to the bar in the following year. In 1861 he was elected President Judge of the Thirteenth Judicial District of Pennsylvania, for a term of ten years, but resigned in 1864 when he was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. In 1866 he was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.

GEORGE F. MILLER was born in Chilisquaque, Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, September 5, 1809. Having obtained an academical education, he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1833. He was for several years Secretary of the Lewisburg University. He took an active interest in local politics, but frequently declined nominations for County and State offices. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected in 1866.—443, 510.

JAMES K. MOORHEAD was born in Pennsylvania, in 1806. He spent his youth on a farm and as an apprentice to a tanner. He was a contractor for building the Susquehanna branch of the Pennsylvania Canal, on which he originated a passenger packet line. In 1836 he removed to Pittsburg, where he became President of a company for the improvement of the navigation of the Monongahela, and subsequently was President of several telegraph companies. In 1859 he was re-elected a Representative to the Thirty-Sixth Congress from Pennsylvania, and has been re-elected to every succeeding Congress, including the Fortieth.—31.

EDWIN D. MORGAN was born in Washington, Massachusetts, February 8, 1811. At the age of seventeen he became a clerk, and three years later a partner in a wholesale grocery house in Hartford, Connecticut. In 1836 he settled in New York City, and embarked extensively in mercantile pursuits. In 1849 he was chosen an Alderman of the city, and soon after was elected a member of the State Senate, in which he served two terms. Since 1856 he has been Chairman of the National Republican Committee. In 1858 he was elected Governor of New York, and re-elected in 1860. During his administration, 223,000 troops were sent into the field from New York. Governor Morgan was appointed by President Lincoln a Major General of Volunteers. In 1863 he was elected United States Senator from New York for the term ending in 1869.

JUSTIN S. MORRILL was born in Strafford, Vermont, April 14, 1810. He received an academical education, and subsequently gave his attention to mercantile and agricultural pursuits. In 1854 he was elected a Representative from Vermont to the Thirty-Fourth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Fifth, Thirty-Sixth, Thirty-Seventh, Thirty-Eighth and Thirty-Ninth Congresses. In 1867 he became a United States Senator from Vermont for the term ending in 1873, succeeding Luke P. Poland, who became the successor of Mr. Morrill as a Representative in the Fortieth Congress.—17, 19, 29, 555.