Dandridge, Martha, see "Martha Washington" 219. Darrell,—: Washington buys land from, 9; mentioned, 17. Davenport,—, dies and leaves family in distress, 187, 188. Davis, Betty, a lazy impudent huzzy, 199, 200. Davis, Tom, Mount Vernon hunter, 267. Davy: colored overseer of Muddy Hole Farm, 183; suspected of stealing lambs, 206. Deer: Washington's tame animals, 131, 267; deer seen on Ohio, 253; deer hunt at George Mason's, 257, 258; Custis shoots a buck, 268, 269. Dismal Swamp Company, Washington's interest in, 19, 33. Dogs, kill sheep, 55, 142, 143. See also "Hounds." Dogue Run, used as a mill stream, 97. Dogue Run Farm: described, 62, 63; rotation plans for, 120; sixteen-sided barn built upon, 124; excellent threshing floor of this barn, 125; rented to Lawrence Lewis, 127; conjuring negroes at, 213; given to Lawrence Lewis and his wife, 227; financial return from in 1798, 287. Dower negroes: belong to Custis estate, 14; number of in 1799, 218. Drill, see "Barrel Plough." Duhamel du Monceau, Henri Louis, his treatise on husbandry abstracted by Washington, 71, 73, 74. Dunmore, Lord, issues a land patent to Washington, 25. Dutch fan, one owned by Washington at the time of his death, 128.

Eastern Shore oats, wild onions picked out of, 111. Eastern Shore peas, experiment with, 105. Evans, Joshua, puts iron ring on Patty Custis, 224. Everett, Edward, buys the Pearce papers, 86.

Fairfax, Anne: wife of Lawrence Washington, 10; marries George Lee and sells her life interest in Mount Vernon to George Washington, 11. Fairfax, Lord Thomas: employs George Washington as a surveyor, 9; vast land holdings of, 38; fondness of fox hunting, 255; hunts with Washington, 256. Fairfax, Sir William, father of wife of Lawrence Washington, 11. Farmer's Compleat Guide: used by Washington, 71; abstracts from, 72. Federal Gazette, describes theatrical performance witnessed by Washington, 246. Ferry, bought of Posey, 17. Ferry Farm, bought by Washington, 17, 295. Fertilizer: experiments with marl, 95, 99, 105; with mud, 102-104; experiment fertilizing oats, 112; Noah Webster's advanced ideas regarding, 118, 119; Washington wants a manager who can convert everything he touches into manure, 119; see also "Compost" and "Rotation of Crops". Fishery: bought of Posey, 17; description of, 65, 66; returns from in 1798, 287. Fitch, John, visits Washington to interest him in steam navigation, 240. Fitzpatrick, John C, on handwriting of the digest from the Compleat Guide, 72. Florida Blanca, helps Washington obtain a jackass, 137, 138. Flour: Washington's classification of, 98; excellent quality of, 98. Forbes, Mrs., Washington's inquiries about, 189, 190. Ford, Paul Leicester: opinion of remedies tried on Patty Custis, 223; on Washington's success as a farmer, 287. Fox hunting: account of Washington's experiences at, 255-265; mentioned, 100. Franklin, Benjamin: gives Washington a cane, 87; Washington inspects mangle belonging to, 113. Frederick the Great, mythical story of his sending a sword to Washington, 86. French, Daniel, breaks contract for sale of corn, 79, 80. French, Mrs. Daniel, Washington hires slaves from, 217. French, Elizabeth, member of dancing class, 248. Frestel, Monsieur, accompanies George W. Lafayette to Mount Vernon, 242.

Garden: doubtful history of part of the flower garden, 160; the vegetable garden, 161. Gentleman Farmer, used by Washington, 71. George Barnwell, Washington sees tragedy of acted, 244. George, Prince, compared with Washington by Thackeray, 88. George III, contributes to Annals of Agriculture under pen name of "Ralph Robinson," 74. George Town oats, sown, 112. Golden pheasants, Washington astonished by, 148. Gough,—: gives Washington a bull calf, 144; Parkinson thinks it a poor animal, 276. Graham, Mrs. Macaulay, visits Mount Vernon, 240. Great Kanawha: Washington visits, 21; land of upon, 21; hunts buffaloes near, 254, 255. Great Meadows, owned by Washington, 29. Greer, Thomas: marries Sally Bishop, 173; his laziness, 185; mentioned, 183. Grenville, Lord, issues special permit for sending seeds to Washington, 117. Guinea swine, some owned by Washington, 147. "Gunner," a hunting dog, 267. Gunston Hall, fox hunting dinners at, 258.

Hamlet, Washington sees performance of, 245. Haw has: constructed at ends of Mansion House, 154; mentioned, 156. Hedgerows, lines of still visible, 64. Hedges: traces of still discernible, 64, 162; history of, 162, 163; see also "Box hedge." Henley, Frances Dandridge, marries Tobias Lear, 177. Hessian fly: Washington experiments to protect his wheat from, 95; plays into hands of by early sowing, 106. Hippopotamus, dredge used on Delaware River, 103. Hogs: described by Parkinson, 57, 58; Washington's, 131, 145-147; large stock of in 1798, 148. Home,—, his book on farming digested by Washington, 71. Horse-Hoeing Husbandry: used by Washington, 71; an epoch-making work, 73. Horses: in Virginia, 53, 54; American described by Parkinson, 54, 55; Washington's stallions, 131; brood mares bought by him, 132; his war horses, 132; thrown from a Narragansett, 133; his worn-out animals, 134; accidents to, 134; his skill as a trainer of described by De Chastellux, 134, 135; losses of in twenty months, 142; number of in 1799, 148. Horticulture, Washington's activities in, 149 et seq. Hounds: Washington builds up a pack of, 258 et seq.; names of some of them, 259; the French hounds, 259 et seq. Humphreys, Colonel: at Mount Vernon, 171; Smith fears he will write a poem, 173; poem of about Washington's slaves quoted, 211. Hunt, Gaillard, on Washington manuscripts in the Library of Congress, 87.

Ice house, Washington's, 301, 302. Indentured servants: classes of, 165; Washington's dealings with, 166-168.

Jack, Mount Vernon fisherman, 267. Jackasses: Washington's, 137 et seq., 148; stud fees of in 1798, 287. Jackson, Andrew, ushers in an era of whisky drinkers, 300. Jefferson, Thomas: explains why land is misused, 53; agricultural correspondence with Washington, 83; carries bundle of pecan trees to Alexandria for Washington, 159; opposed to slavery, 215. Johnson, John, brings nostrum for fits, 224. Johnston, George, sells land to Washington, 9. "Jolly," a horse, gets leg broken, 134. Jones,—, Washington visits farm of, 113.

Knight, Humphrey, manages Mount Vernon, 178. "Knight of Malta," a jackass, his history, 140, 141. Knox, Thomas, one of Washington's English agents, 45, 46.

"Lady," has four puppies, 259. Lafayette, George W., stay of at Mount Vernon, 241, 242, 300. Lafayette, Marquis de: visits Washington, 27; Washington's letter to regarding "Royal Gift," 138; sends Washington a jackass and two jennets, 140; last visit to Washington, 240; sends Washington some hounds, 259. Lame Peter, taught to knit, 193. Laurie, Dr. James, comes to Mount Vernon drunk, 195. Lear, Lincoln, Washington's interest in, 175-177. Lear, Tobias: correspondence of with Washington published, 86; biography of, 175-177; marries widow of George A. Washington, 177, 180; writes directions about Billy Lee, 208; Washington explains to him his desire for selling western lands, 213; directed to get slaves out of Pennsylvania, 216; letter of Washington to, 242; Parkinson's conversation with, 279; gives Parkinson money, 280. Lee, General Charles: story of Washington's loans to, 81, 82; mentioned, 317. Lee, George, marries widow of Lawrence Washington, 11. Lee, Henry: sends Washington cuttings of the tree box, 155; they show little signs of growing, 157. Lee, Robert E., Jr., administrator de bonis non of Washington's estate, 35. Lee, William (Billy): accompanies Washington to the Ohio, 20; breeches bought for, 82; helps get Colonel Smith out of a scrape, 172-174; val de chambre, 193; history of, 206-209; freed, 218; acts as huntsman, 260, 261. "Leonidas," a stallion, 131. Lewis, Betty: visit of Washington to, 112; sends brother some filberts, 155; Washington gives her a mule, 298; mentioned, 293. Lewis, Howell, manages Mount Vernon, 180. Lewis, Lawrence: builds "Woodlawn," 63; rents Dogue Run Farm, 127, 315; with uncle on a ride, 133; Washington expresses wish to that Virginia would abolish slavery, 215; helps Washington entertain guests, 243, 244; possible part of Washington in furthering love affair of, 305; marriage of, 314. Lewis, Nelly Custis, see "Nelly Custis". Lewis, Robert: manages Mount Vernon, 180; describes tearful scenes on departure of Martha Washington, 237. Library of Congress, Washington papers in, 5, 85, 87, 90. Little Miami River, history of Washington's lands upon, 34-36. Long Island Historical Society, Pearce-Washington papers in, 86. Lossing, Benson J., visit of to Mount Vernon, 160. Lucerne, Washington experiments with, 91, 92.

McCracken, Washington buys land from, 9. McKoy,—, overseer, 183. Madison, Dolly, did not invent ice cream, 302, 303. Madison, James: story of his ice house, 302; opposed to slavery, 215. "Magnolia": a blooded Arabian stallion, 131, 132; in a race, 252. Magowan, Rev. Mr., sells lottery tickets, 251. Maid of the Mill, Washington witnesses performance of, 246. Mansion House: view from porch of, 64; bequeathed to Bushrod Washington, 84; Bishop starts for, 172; grounds of overrun with negro children, 191; hospital for slaves built near, 195; mentioned, 63, 267, 268; Bernard visits, 312. Mansion House Farm: described, 61; Washington will not rent, 127; bequeathed to Bushrod Washington, 178; financial loss on in 1798, 287. Manure, see "Fertilizer". Marl, Washington experiments with, 95, 99, 105. Mason, George: description of industry upon estate of, 40-43; is dead, 233; deer hunting at, 257, 258. Matilda's Ben, misbehavior of, 205. Meade, Colonel, visits Washington, 309. Mercer, John F., Washington's letter to about slavery, 213. Meteorological table, manager required to keep, 83. Michaux, Andre, botanist, brings pyramidical cypress from the king of France, 158. Military Company of Adventurers, Washington a member of, 19. Mill: Washington's mill on the Youghiogheny, 24, 30; his mill on Four Mile Run, 97; that on Dogue Run, 97, 98, 182. Mississippi Company, Washington interested in, 10. Morgan, General Daniel: talks over inland waterways question with Washington 28; mentioned, 317. Morris, Gouverneur: sends Washington Chinese pigs and geese, 146, 147; goes fishing with him, 265. Mosquitoes, prevalence of about Mount Vernon, 65. Mount Vernon: Washington retires to, 4; given to Lawrence Washington, 8; George Washington spends part of youth at, 9; early history of, 10; life interest of Anne Lee in bought by Washington, 11; estate, 16, 17, 20, 32; bequeathed to Bushrod Washington, 33; description of, 60 et seq.; visit of owner in 1781, 78; seeds sent by Young reach, 117; Booker builds threshing machine at, 126, 127; Washington attempts to rent, 127; Washington's care for the lands of, 129; number of horses on in 1785, 132; number of sheep on, 135; resounds with jubilant sounds, 140; number of oxen on, 144, 208; house rebuilt, 151-153; successive managers of, 178-182; employment of white labor at, 186; slaves seen at, 191; number of slaves on in 1786, 193; lot of slaves at, 211, 212; Edmund Pendleton at, 221; managed by Mrs. Washington, 229; larders of kept well filled, 230; Custis grandchildren reside at, 231; visitors at, 240-242; dancing class meets at, 248; tea served on portico of, 252; fox hunting dinners at, 258; the fisherman of, 267; described by Parkinson, 271 et seq., 291; Washington's estimate of probable crops on, 286; land of poor, 288; value of in 1798, 288; coach shown there to-day not Washington's, 304; Nelly Custis writes from, 306; condition of on Washington's retirement, 307; last months of owner's life spent at, 313; mentioned, 75, 78, 97, 101, 103, 130, 208, 244, 291, 312, 314. Mount Vernon Association, 63. Muddy Hole Farm: described, 62; barrel plough used at, 110; its colored overseer, 183, 205; loss on in 1798, 287. Mules: Washington raises, 137 et seq.; proposes to drive them to his carriage, 139; number of in 1799, 148.

Narragansetts, two bought by Washington, 132. Negroes, see "Slaves." "Nelson," one of Washington's war horses, 132, 133. New England, Washington's observations of agriculture in, 115. Niemcewicz, Julian: describes condition of negroes at Mount Vernon, 197, 198; opinion of Nelly Custis, 227.

"Old Chatham," a worn-out horse, 134. Overdursh,—, Dutch redemptioner bought with his family, 167. Oxen: used in farm work, 122; number of in 1785, 144; fattened and killed when eight years old, 145.

Palatines: Washington considers importing, 24, 30; mentioned, 167. Palmer, Jonathan, overseer, contract of, 185. Parkinson, James: description of American live stock, 54-58; considers renting one of Washington's farms, 127; on Washington's tone toward his slaves, 202; his account of Mount Vernon and Washington's farming operations, 270-280. Patterson, John, paid for carpenter work, 153. Peaches, Washington raises, 149. Pearce, William: letters of Washington to, 86; describes poor condition of the sheep, 137; letter to about Bishop, 171; manages Mount Vernon, 181; overseers described to, 183; letter from about the dead miller's family, 187; direction to about Cyrus, 209. Perkins' Tavern, Washington stays over Sunday at, 116. Peters, Richard: quoted regarding wolves, 56; sends plan of drill to Washington, 107. Philadelphia Society for the Promotion of Agriculture, founded, 91. Phillipse, Mary, Washington's alleged infatuation with, 170. Piney Branch, turned into Dogue Run, 97. Pitt, William, a contributor to the Annals of Agriculture, 74. Plow: Washington invents one, 94; buys a Rotheran, 99. Poelnitz, Baron, Washington inspects threshing machine belonging to, 126. Pohick Church, Washington a vestryman of, 100. Poland oats, sown in experimental plot, 112. Pond, Rev., "lame discourses" of, 116. Poole, William, letter of regarding want of water in mill stream, 97. Posey, Captain John: fox hunting with Washington, 256; Washington's relations with, 294; bankrupt and in jail, 295, 296. Posey, Milly: member of dancing class, 248; stays at Mount Vernon, 295. Posey, St. Lawrence, Washington helps to educate, 295. Posey plantation, bought by Washington, 17. Potatoes: method of growing under straw, 112; quantity raised in 1788, 113.

Randolph, Edmund, slaves of in Pennsylvania refuse to return to Virginia, 216. Redemptioners, a class of indentured servants, 166. Richey, Matthew, Washington sells part of his western lands to, 32. River Farm: described, 61, 62; financial return from in 1798, 287. Robert Gary & Company: English agents of Washington, 46, 47; Washington falls in debt to, 48. Roberts, William M., amusing letter of, 188. Roosevelt, Theodore, transfers Washington papers to Library of Congress, 85. Ross, Doctor, Washington asks him to buy him some white servants, 167. Rotation of crops: how practised in America, 52; Washington's elaborate plans for, 120 et seq. "Royal Gift," a jackass, his history, 138-141. "Rules of Civility," quoted, 202. Rumney, Dr. William, physician to Mount Vernon, 195. Ryan, Thomas, indentured servant, bought, 167.

"Samson," a stallion, 131. Seed: Washington anxious to have the best, 110; counts number of grains in a pound of several varieties, 111; obtains some from England, 116, 117. Serpentine drive, laid out by Washington, 154. Shag, Will, a runaway, 203. Shaw, William, tutor to the Custis children, 175. Sheep: raising of not much attempted, 55; breeds of, 55; much troubled by wolves and dogs, 55, 56; Washington's, 135 et seq.; number lost in twenty months, 142; he suspects an overseer of stealing lambs, 206; Parkinson's opinion of, 278, 279. Siberian wheat, experiment with, 105. Simpson, Gilbert, one of Washington's western agents, 23, 24, 29, 30, 31. Sinclair, Sir John: Washington corresponds with, 83, 91: helps obtain seeds for Washington, 117; Washington sends some American products to, 118. Sixteen-sided barn, mentioned, 62. Slaves: Washington inherits from his father, 8; some sent to the west to Simpson's, 23, 25; steal fruit, 156; as solution of labor problem, 165; detailed account of Washington's, 191-218. Smith, Colonel, adventure with Sally Bishop, 171-174. Smith, Thomas, Washington's attorney in case against the squatters, 32. Spears, Thomas, indentured servant, runs away, 168. Spotswood, Gen. Alexander, Washington's letter to apropos of slavery, 214. Sprague, William B., is given some of the Washington papers, 85. Squatters: on Washington's western land, 22, 23; delegation from meet Washington at Simpson's, 31; dispossessed, 32. Stallions, list of those kept by Washington, 131. "Steady," a stallion, 131, 284. Stephens, Richard, his laziness, 186. Stewart, Robert, Washington's loan to, 293. Stuart, overseer, 183. Sullivan, Captain, interpreter of directions regarding "Royal Gift," 138. Swearingen, Captain van, accompanies Washington on mission to squatters, 31. Sycamores, enormous ones measured by Washington, 22, 255.

Thackeray, William M., quoted regarding Washington, 87, 88. Thomson, Charles, notifies Washington of his election to the presidency, 240. Threshing machine: Washington experiments with, 126, 127; owns one at time of death, 128; Parkinson says General has two, 275; uses one of Booker's model, 308. Tobacco: place of in Virginia agriculture, 42-52; Washington's experience with, 68; discontinues growing of, 69. Tom, sent to West Indies, 204, 216. Toner, J.M.: his transcripts of Washington papers, 79, 86; opinion of regarding inspection of Washington's flour in the West Indies, 98. "Traveler": a stallion, 131; stud fee of, 287. Triplett, William, constructs outbuildings, 153. Tull, Jethro: his book on horse-hoeing abstracted by Washington, 71, 73; some of his ideas, 75; quoted by Washington, 92. Turkeys: Washington raises, 131, 147; wild variety mentioned, 253.

Union Farm: described, 61, 62; fishery on, 65; gully upon, 66; new brick barn after Young's plans built upon, 117; financial return from in 1798, 287.

Virginia, agriculture and life in, 37-59. Virginia Almanac, weather record kept by Washington in, 80. Virginia Gazette, Washington advertises escaped servants in, 167. Voilett, Edward, agrees to avoid stills, 169. "Vulcan," raid of on kitchen, 260.

Waggoner Jack, sold in West Indies, 204. Walker, Ann, daughter of John Alton, receives a bequest from Washington, 174. Walpole Grant, Washington interested in, 10. Washington, Augustine, bequests of to George, 8. Washington, Augustine, Jr., daughter of describes Martha Washington's activities, 234, 235. Washington, Bushrod: accompanies Washington on western trip, 28; inherits Mansion House and papers, 84; fails to safeguard papers properly, 85; educated by his uncle, 178; asked to make inquiries about Mrs. Forbes, 189; assisted by his uncle, 299. Washington, George A.: brings mahogany seeds from West Indies, 157; widow of marries Tobias Lear, 177; manages Mount Vernon, 179, 180; course of approved, 184; fox hunting, 263, 264; ill health of, 297; aided by his uncle, 299. Washington, Harriot, helped by her uncle, 299. Washington, John A., manages Mount Vernon, 177, 178. Washington, John A., inherits books and relics of Washington, 85. Washington, John C, sells Washington papers to the nation, 85. Washington, Lawrence: inherits Mount Vernon, 8; influence of upon George, 9; biography of, 10; mentioned, 76. Washington, Lund: directed to set out trees at end of Mansion House, 151; manages Mount Vernon during the Revolution, 179; Washington's generous dealings with, 187; will inform owner of delinquencies of Roberts, 189; opinion of Washington's charity, 230, 231; is dead, 233; fox hunting with Washington, 256, 263; instructions to concerning the poor, 298. Washington, Martha: marriage of Washington to, 12, 13; family of by first husband, 14; her financial affairs, 14, 15; remembers when there was but one coach in Virginia, 49; "broke out with the Meazles," 79; tradition concerning her authority over the flower garden, 160; Bishop threatens to tell of Colonel Smith's escapade, 172; gives a quilt to her niece, 177; on the required work of the sewing servants, 199; chapter about, 219-238; keeps open house, 239; "Vulcan" steals one of her hams, 260; Parkinson's mention of, 274, 279, 280; her husband's care of her grandchildren, 298; drinks a glass of wine, 300. Washington, Mary: death of, 33; son visits, 112; son sends money to, 114, 298. Washington, Samuel, financial assistance received by from General Washington, 299. Washington, William: has charge of "Royal Gift" in South Carolina, 139, 140; visits Mount Vernon, 314. Washington, William A., George Washington buys corn from, 69, 70. Watson, Elkanah, anecdote of visit to Mount Vernon, 244. Weather record, kept by Washington, 77, 80. Webster, Noah: says toast at Mount Vernon was "Success to the mud," 103; explains how fertility can be obtained from the air, 118, 119; visit of mentioned, 175, 240. Webster, William, indentured servant, runs away, 168. Western Lands, history of Washington's, 18-36. Wheat: how reaped and threshed, 51; Washington turns to cultivation of, 69; Washington rolls in spring, 95; his sales of before the Revolution, 96, 97; grinds into flour, 97; excellent quality of Washington's wheat before the Revolution, 99; experiments with Cape of Good Hope and Siberian, 105; opinion as to proper time for sowing, 106; acreage in 1787, 113. White, Alexander, pays General Lee's debt to Washington, 82. White Chariot, history of, 303, 304. Whiting, Anthony: writes concerning worn-out horses, 133, 134; instructed to cull out the unthrifty sheep, 136, 137; manager of Mount Vernon, 180. "Wilderness": Washington sets out, 154; many trees dead in, 156. Wine coasters, invented by Washington, 301. Witherspoon, John, Washington describes his western lands to, 25. "Woodlawn," home of Nelly Custis, 63, 227.

Young, Arthur: letters of Washington to about his interest in farming, 1, 2; astonished that wolves and dogs hinder sheep raising in America, 55; Washington explains differences between American and European agriculture to, 58; describes his estate to, 60 et seq., 127; his Annals of Agriculture used by Washington, 71, 74; Washington's correspondence with, 83, 85, 91; sends inquiries regarding American agriculture, 84; obtains seeds for Washington, 116, 117; sends plan for barn, 117; Washington sends agricultural information to, 118; Washington inquires of regarding a threshing machine, 126; influence of upon Washington, 128; letter of Washington to about his sheep, 136; about his mules, 141; mentioned by Parkinson, 277.

THE END