Current, Constant. A current which is uniformly maintained in a steady stream.

Current, Induced. A current produced by electro-dynamic induction.

Current Meter. An apparatus for indicating the strength of a current. An ammeter.

Current, Oscillating. A current which periodically alternates.

Current, Periodic. A periodically varying current strength.

Current, Undulating. A current which has a constant direction, but has a continuously varying strength.

Decomposition. The separation of a liquid, such as an electrolyte, into its prime elements, either electrically or otherwise.

Deflection. The change of movement of a magnetic needle out of its regular direction of movement.

Demagnetization. When a current passes through a coil wound on an iron core, the core becomes magnetized. When the current ceases the core is no longer a magnet. It is then said to be demagnetized. It also has reference to the process for making a watch non-magnetic so that it will not be affected when in a magnetic field.

Density. The quantity of an electric charge in a conductor or substance.

Depolarization. The removal of magnetism from a permanent magnet, or a horse-shoe magnet, for instance. It is generally accomplished by applying heat.

Deposition, The act of carrying metal from one pole of a cell to Electrolysis. another pole, as in electroplating.

Detector. Mechanism for indicating the presence of a current in a circuit.

Diaphragm. A plate in a telephone, which, in the receiver, is in the magnetic field of a magnet, and in a transmitter carries the light contact points.

Dielectric. A non-conductor for an electric current, but through which electro-static induction will take place. For example: glass and rubber are dielectrics.

Discharge. The current flowing from an accumulator.

Disintegration. The breaking up of the plate or active material.

Disruptive. A static discharge passing through a dielectric.

Duplex Wire. A pair of wires usually twisted together and insulated from each other to form the conducting circuit of a system.

Dynamic Electricity. The term applied to a current flowing through a wire.

Dynamo. An apparatus, consisting of core and field magnets, which, when the core is turned, will develop a current of electricity.

Earth Returns. Instead of using two wires to carry a circuit, the earth is used for what is called the return circuit.

Efficiency. The total electrical energy produced, in which that wasted, as well as that used, is calculated.

Elasticity. That property of any matter which, after a stress, will cause the substance to return to its original form or condition. Electricity has elasticity, which is utilized in condensers, as an instance.

Electricity, Lightning, and, in short, any current or electrical Atmospheric. impulse, like wireless telegraphic waves, is called atmospheric.

Electricity, Electricity with a low potentiality and large current Voltaic. density.

Electrification. The process of imparting a charge of electricity to any body.

Electro-chemistry. The study of which treats of electric and chemical forces, such as electric plating, electric fusing, electrolysis, and the like.

Electrode. The terminals of a battery, or of any circuit; as, for instance, an arc light.

Electrolyte. Any material which is capable of being decomposed by an electric current.

Electro-magnetism. Magnetism which is created by an electric current.

Electrometer. An instrument for measuring static electricity, differing from a galvanometer, which measures a current in a wire that acts on the magnetic needle of the galvanometer.

Electro-motive Voltage, which is the measure or unit of e. m. f. Force. (E. M. F.)

Electroscope. A device for indicating not only the presence of electricity, but whether it is positive or negative.

Electro-static Surfaces separated by a dielectric for opposite Accumulator. charging of the surface.

Element. In electricity a form of matter, as, for instance, gold, or silver, that has no other matter or compound. Original elements cannot be separated, because they are not made up of two or more elements, like brass, for instance.

Excessive Charge. A storage battery charged at too high a rate.

Excessive Discharge. A storage battery discharged at too high a rate.

Excessive Overcharge. Charging for too long a time.

Exciter. A generator, either a dynamo or a battery, for exciting the field of a dynamo.

Exhaustive Discharge. An excessive over-discharge of an accumulator.

F. The sign used to indicate the heat term Fahrenheit.

Fall of Voltage. The difference between the initial and the final voltage in a current.

Field. The space or region near a magnet or charged wire. Also the electro-magnets in a dynamo or motor.

Flow. The volume of a current going through a conductor.

Force, Electro-magnetic. The pull developed by an electro-magnet.

Frictional A current produced by rubbing dissimilar Electricity. substances together.

Full Load. The greatest load a battery, accumulator or dynamo will sustain.

Galvanic. Pertaining to the electro-chemical relations of metals toward each other.

Galvanizing. The art of coating one metal with another, such, for instance, as immersing iron in molten zinc.

Galvanometry. An instrument having a permanently magnetized needle, which is influenced by a coil or a wire in close proximity to it.

Galvanoscope. An instrument, like a galvanometer, which determines whether or not a current is present in a tested wire.

Generator. A term used to generally indicate any device which originates a current.

German Silver. An alloy of copper, nickel and zinc.

Graphite. One form of carbon. It is made artificially by the electric current.

Grid. The metallic frame of a plate used to hold the active material of an accumulator.

Gravity. The attraction of mass for mass. Weight. The accelerating tendency of material to move toward the earth.

Gutta Percha. Caoutchouc, which has been treated with sulphur, to harden it. It is produced from the sap of tropical trees, and is a good insulator.

Harmonic Receiver. A vibrating reed acted on by an electro-magnet, when tuned to its pitch.

High E. M. F. A term to indicate currents which have a high voltage, and usually low amperage.

Igniter. Mechanism composed of a battery, induction coil and a vibrator, for making a jump spark, to ignite gas, powder, etc.

I. H. P. Abbreviation, which means Indicated Horse Power.

Impulse. A sudden motion of one body acting against another. An electro-magnetic wave magnetizing soft iron, and this iron attracting another piece of iron, as an example.

Incandescence, A conductor heated up by a current so it will Electric. glow.

Induced Current. A current of electricity which sets up lines of force at right angles to the body of the wire through which the current is transmitted.

Induction, Magnetic. A body within a magnetic field which is excited by the magnetism.

Installation. Everything belonging to an equipment of a building, or a circuiting system to do a certain thing.

Insulation. A material or substance which resists the passage of a current placed around a conductor.

Intensity. The strength of a magnetic field, or of a current flowing over a wire.

Internal Resistance. The current strength of electricity of a wire to resist the passage.

Interrupter. A device in a wire or circuit for checking a current. It also refers to the vibrator of an induction coil.

Joint. The place where two or more conductors are united.

Joint Resistance. The combined resistance offered by two or more substances or conductors.

Jump Spark. A spark, disruptive in its character, between two conducting points.

Initial Charge. The charge required to start a battery.

Kathode, or Cathode. The negative plate or side of a battery. The plate on which the electro deposit is made.

Key. The arm of a telegraph sounder. A bar with a finger piece, which is hinged and so arranged that it will make and break contacts in an electric circuit.

Keyboard. A switch-board; a board on which is mounted a number of switches.

Kilowatt. A unit, representing 1,000 watts. An electric current measure, usually expressed thus: K.W.

Kilowatt Hour. The computation of work equal to the exertion of one kilowatt in one hour.

Knife Switch. A bar of a blade-like form, adapted to move down between two fingers, and thus establish metallic connections.

Laminated. Made up of thin plates of the same material, laid together, but not insulated from each other.

Lamp Arc. A voltaic arc lamp, using carbon electrodes, with mechanism for feeding the electrodes regularly.

Lamp, Incandescent. A lamp with a filament heated up to a glow by the action of an electric current. The filament is within a vacuum in a glass globe.

Leak. Loss of electrical energy through a fault in wiring, or in using bare wires.

Load. The ampere current delivered by a dynamo under certain conditions.

Low Frequency. A current in which the vibrations are of few alternations per second.

Magnet. A metallic substance which has power to attract iron and steel.

Magnet Bar. A straight piece of metal.

Magnet Coil. A coil of wire, insulated, surrounding a core of iron, to receive a current of electricity.

Magnet Core. A bar of iron adapted to receive a winding of wire.

Magnet, Field. A magnet in a dynamo. A motor to produce electric energy.

Magnet, Permanent. A short steel form, to hold magnetism for a long time.

Magnetic Adherence. The adherence of particles to the poles of a magnet.

Magnetic That quality of a metal which draws metals. Also Attraction and the pulling action of unlike poles for each Repulsion. other, and pushing away of like poles when brought together.

Magnetic Force. The action exercised by a magnet of attracting or repelling.

Magnetic Pole. The earth has North and South magnetic poles. The south pole of a magnetic needle is attracted so it points to the north magnetic pole; and the north pole of the needle is attracted to point to the south magnetic pole.

Magneto-generator. A permanent magnet and a revolving armature for generating a current.

Maximum Voltage. The final voltage after charging.

Molecule. Invisible particles made up of two or more atoms of different matter. An atom is a particle of one substance only.

Morse Sounder. An electric instrument designed to make a clicking sound, when the armature is drawn down by a magnet.

Motor-dynamo. A motor and a dynamo having their armatures connected together, whereby the motor is driven by the dynamo, so as to change the current into a different voltage and amperage.

Motor-transformer. A motor which delivers the current like a generator.

Needle. A bar magnet horizontally poised on a vertical pivot point, like the needle of a mariner's compass.

Negative Amber, when rubbed, produces negative electricity. Electricity. A battery has positive as well as negative electricity.

Negative Element. That plate in the solution of a battery cell which is not disintegrated.

Normal. The usual, or ordinary. The average. In a current the regular force required to do the work.

North Pole, The term applied to the force located near Electric. the north pole of the globe, to which a permanent magnet will point if allowed to swing freely.

O. Abbreviation for Ohm.

Ohm. The unit of resistance. Equal to the resistance of a column of mercury one square millimeter in cross section, and 106.24 centimeters in length.

Ohm's Law. It is expressed as follows: 1. The current strength is equal to the electro-motive force divided by its resistance. 2. The electro-motive force is equal to the current strength multiplied by the resistance. 3. The resistance is equal to the electro-motive force divided by the current strength.

Overload. In a motor an excess of mechanical work which causes the armature to turn too slowly and produces heat.

Phase. One complete oscillation. The special form of a wave at any instant, or at any interval of time.

Plate, Condenser. In a static machine it is usually a plate of glass and revoluble.

Plate, Negative. The plate in a battery, such as carbon, copper or platinum, which is not attacked by the solution.

Plating, Electro-. The method of coating one metal with another by electrolysis.

Polarity. The peculiarity, in a body, of arranging itself with reference to magnetic influence.

Parallel. When a number of cells are coupled so that their similar poles are grouped together. That is to say, as the carbon plates, for instance, are connected with one terminal, and all the zinc plates with the other terminal.

Polarization. When the cell is deprived of its electro-motive force, or any part of it, polarization is the result. It is usually caused by coating of the plates.

Porosity. Having small interstices or holes.

Positive Current. One which deflects a needle to the left.

Positive Any current flowing from the active element, Electricity. such as zinc, in a battery. The negative electricity flows from the carbon to the zinc.

Potential, Electric. The power which performs work in a circuit.

Potential Energy. That form of force, which, when liberated, does or performs work.

Power Unit. The volt-amperes or watt.

Primary. The induction coil in induction machines, or in a transformer.

Push Button. A thumb piece which serves as a switch to close a circuit while being pressed inwardly.

Quantity. Such arrangement of electrical connections which give off the largest amount of current.

Receiver. An instrument in telephony and telegraphy which receives or takes in the sound or impulses.

Relay. The device which opens or closes a circuit so as to admit a new current which is sent to a more distant point.

Repulsion, That tendency in bodies to repel each other when Electric. similarly charged.

Resilience. The springing back to its former condition or position. Electricity has resilience.

Resistance. The quality in all conductors to oppose the passage of a current.

Resistance Coil. A coil made up of wire which prevents the passage of a current to a greater or less degree.

Resistance, The counter force in an electrolyte which seeks Electrolytic. to prevent a decomposing current to pass through it.

Resistance: Internal, The opposing force to the movement of a current External. which is in the cell or generator. This is called the internal. That opposite action outside of the cell or generator is the external.

Resonator, An open-circuited conductor for electrically Electric. resounding or giving back a vibration, usually exhibited by means of a spark.

Rheostat. A device which has an adjustable resistance, so arranged that while adjusting the same the circuit will not be open.

Safety Fuse. A piece of fusible metal of such resistance that it breaks down at a certain current strength.

Saturated. When a liquid has taken up a soluble material to the fullest extent it is then completely saturated.

Secondary. One of the two coils in a transformer, or induction coil.

Secondary Plates. The brown or deep red plates in a storage battery when charged.

Self-excited. Producing electricity by its own current.

Series. Arranged in regular order. From one to the other directly. If lamps, for instance, should be arranged in circuit on a single wire, they would be in series.

Series, Multiple. When lamps are grouped in sets in parallel, and these sets are then connected up in series.

Series Windings. A generator or motor wound in such a manner that one of the commutator brush connections is joined to the field magnet winding, and the other end of the magnet winding joined to the outer circuit.

Shunt. Going around.

Shunt Winding. A dynamo in which the field winding is parallel with the winding of the armature.

Snap Switch. A switch so arranged that it will quickly make a break.

Sounder. The apparatus at one end of a line actuated by a key at the other end of the line.

Spark Coil. A coil, to make a spark from a low electro-motive force.

Spark, Electric. The flash caused by drawing apart the ends of a conductor.

Specific Gravity. The weight or density of a body.

Static Electricity. Generated by friction. Also lightning. Any current generated by a high electro-motive force.

Strength of Current. The quantity of electricity in a circuit.

Synchronize. Operating together; acting in unison.

Terminal. The end of any electric circuit or of a body or machine which has a current passing through it.

Thermostat, Electric. An electric thermometer. Usually made with a metal coil which expands through the action of the electricity passing through it, and, in expanding, it makes a contact and closes a circuit.

Transformer. The induction coil with a high initial E. M. F. changes into a low electro-motive force.

Unit. A standard of light, heat, electricity, or of other phenomena.

Vacuum. A space from which all matter has been exhausted.

Vibrator. Mechanism for making and breaking circuits in induction coils or other apparatus.

Volt. The unit of electro-motive force.

Voltage. Electro-motive force which is expressed in volts.

Voltaic. A term applied to electric currents and devices.

Volt-meter. An apparatus for showing the difference of potential, or E. M. F. in the term of volts.

Watt. The unit of electrical activity. The product of amperes multiplied by volts.

Watt Hour. One watt maintained through one hour of time.

Waves, Electric Waves in the ether caused by electro-magnetic Magnetic. disturbances.

X-rays. The radiation of invisible rays of light, which penetrate or pass through opaque substances.

Yoke, or Bar. A soft iron body across the ends of a horseshoe magnet, to enable the magnet to retain its magnetism an indefinite time.

Zinc Battery. A battery which uses zinc for one of its elements.



INDEX

A

Accumulated, 31.

Accumulation, 29.

Accumulator cell, 87.

Accumulators, 82, 88, 89.

Accumulators, plates, 83.

Acid, 34, 37, 125.

Acid maker, 125.

Acid, sulphuric, 31, 84.

Acidulated, 55.

Acidulated water, 34.

Acoustics, 110.

Actinic rays, 184, 185.

Actinium, 186.

Active element, 82.

Adjustable rod, 107.

Adjusting screw, 70, 71, 72, 73, 106.

Aerial wire, 108.

Agents, 13, 32.

Alarms, burglar, 11, 76, 80.

Alkali, 125.

Alkaline, 37.

Alternate, 127.

Alternating, 38, 149, 150, 153, 154, 155, 156.

Alternating current, 145.

Alternating periods, 149.

Alternations, 147.

Aluminum, 128, 129, 135, 137.

Aluminum hydrate, 129.

Amber, 5, 171.

Ammeter, 7, 88.

Amperage, 38, 61, 62, 132, 159, 160, 168.

Ampere, 7, 37, 60, 63, 139, 140, 167.

Amplitude, 111.

Annunciator, 65, 74, 76, 79, 80, 81.

Annunciator bells, 11.

Anode, 35, 133, 134.

Antennae, 108.

Antimony 137, 143.

Anvil, 13, 14.

Apparatus, 11, 57, 106, 139, 145.

Arc, 163, 182.

Arc lighting, 38, 165.

Arc system, 166.

Armature, 18, 25, 38, 40, 42, 43, 45, 46, 47, 48, 53, 55, 70, 72, 73, 74, 90, 93, 112, 151, 152, 155, 163, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180.

Armature brush, 48.

Armature post, 71.

Armature, vertical, 75.

Armature winding, 42, 43, 156.

Asbestos, 140.

Astatic galvanometer, 108.

Atmosphere, 184.

Attract, 30.

Attracted, 72.

Attraction, 21, 25.

Attractive, 178.

Automatic, 120.

Auxiliary, 44.

Awls, 14.

B

Bacteria, 126, 187.

Bar, cross, 66.

Bar, horizontal, 46.

Bar, parallel switch, 67.

Bar, switch, 65, 68.

Base block, 66.

Batteries, 11, 93, 122.

Battery, 29, 30, 32, 35, 36, 46, 47, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 86, 88, 92, 94, 95, 107, 108, 116, 117, 118, 121, 134, 142.

Battery charging, 82.

Bearings, 45, 46.

Bells, 65, 73, 76, 122.

Bells, electric, 70.

Bench, 13, 15, 17.

Binding post, 52, 70, 71, 72, 103, 107, 108, 121.

Binding screw, 65, 66.

Bismuth, 18, 143.

Bit, 13.

Blue vitriol, 57.

Brass plate, 77, 78.

Brazing, 17, 65.

Bridge, 52.

Brush holder, 46.

Brushes, 48, 150, 151, 153, 167.

Burglar, 11.

Burglar alarm, 76, 80.

Buttons, contact, 80.

Buttons, push, 65, 68, 69, 70, 76, 79.

C

Calorimeter, 56.

Cancerous, 187.

Candle power, 89, 139.

Cap, removable, 73.

Cap screws, 42.

Carbon, 35, 119, 121, 162, 163, 169.

Carbon block, 120.

Carbon pencil, 119.

Cathode, 35, 36, 133, 134.

Cell, 29, 33.

Cell, accumulator, 87.

Cell, charging, 87.

Channel, 43.

Channel, concave, 40.

Charged, 120.

Charged battery, 82.

Charging circuit, 82, 89.

Charging source, 83.

Charged wire, 147.

Chemical, 57.

Chisels, 13.

Chloride of lime, 84.

Choked, 157.

Choking coils, 145, 146, 156, 158.

Circuit, 33, 69, 73, 76, 78, 80, 81, 90, 92, 93, 109, 113, 116, 121, 122, 131, 134, 143, 156.

Circuit, primary, 99.

Circuit, secondary, 99.

Circuiting, 81, 155.

Circuiting system, 79.

Clapper arm, 70.

Closed rings, 26.

Coherer, 105, 108, 109.

Cohering, 106.

Coils, 18, 26, 52, 55, 74, 160.

Coils, choking, 145, 146, 156, 158.

Coils, induction, 99, 102.

Coils, primary, 109.

Coils, secondary, 102, 109.

Coincide, 42.

Cold, 14.

Collecting surfaces, 30.

Collector, 31.

Column, 61.

Combustion, 169.

Commutator, 44, 46, 151, 152.

Commutator brushes, 46.

Commutator plates, 45.

Compass, 22, 24, 172.

Composition, 83, 124.

Compound wound, 47.

Concave channel, 40.

Condenser, 98, 100, 101, 102, 108.

Conduct, 6, 108.

Conduction, 135, 136, 138, 166, 170.

Conduction current, 27.

Conductor, 21, 31, 33, 63, 98, 116, 161, 162.

Conduit, 72.

Conically formed, 126.

Conjunction, 143.

Connecting wire, 58.

Connection, 72, 76.

Construction, magnet, 39.

Consumption, 180.

Contact, 122, 123, 152, 162.

Contact finger, 150.

Contact plate, 67, 68, 79.

Contact screws, 93.

Contact surface, 66.

Continuous, 145.

Converter, 176.

Converting, 142, 145, 146.

Copper, 18, 34, 36, 65, 66, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 142, 143.

Copper cyanide, 133.

Copper plate, 33, 35, 58, 67.

Copper sulphate, 57.

Copper voltameter, 55, 57.

Core, 27, 28, 36, 39, 40, 115.

Core, magnet, 75, 93.

Counter, clock-wise, 51.

Coupled, 36.

Crank, 30.

Crookes' tube, 184.

Cross bar, 52, 66.

Crown of cups, 32.

Crystal, 85.

Current, 6, 7, 13, 18, 26, 27, 28, 35, 36, 37, 38, 47, 50, 51, 52, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 62, 63, 70, 72, 73, 90, 95, 98, 105, 108, 116, 133, 134, 135, 136, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 147, 148, 149, 150, 152, 153, 157, 160, 161, 163, 165, 166, 170.

Current, alternating, 150.

Current changing, 82.

Current conduction, 27.

Current, continuous, 164.

Current, direct, 145, 150.

Current direction, 50.

Current, exterior, 50, 150.

Current, reversing, 148.

Current strength, 7, 57.

Current testing, 143.

Cut-out, 120.

Cutter, 14.

Cutting, lines of force, 38.

Cylinder, 44.

Cylindrical, 43.

D

Dash, 95, 97.

Decoherer, 106, 108.

Decomposed, 57, 128.

Decomposes, 55.

Decomposing, 123.

Decomposition, 12, 35, 82.

Deflected, 54.

Degree, 135, 162.

Demagnetized, 24, 72.

Deposited, 58, 133.

Depression, 15, 140.

Detecting current, 49.

Detector, 49, 52, 54, 105.

Devices, measuring, 27.

Diagrams, 46, 48, 79, 89.

Diagrammatically, 81.

Diamagnetic, 19.

Diametrically, 114.

Diaphragm, 112, 113, 116, 120, 122.

Diamonds, 186.

Diluted, 86.

Direct current, 38, 140.

Direction of current, 50.

Direction of flow, 98.

Discharge, 172.

Disintegrate, 132.

Disk, 43.

Dissimilar, 37.

Disturbance, 176.

Dividers, 14.

Divisibility, 168.

Dot, 96, 97.

Dot and dash, 96.

Double click, 95.

Double line, 65.

Double-pole switch, 65.

Double-throw switch, 117.

Drawing, 20.

Drill, ratchet, 13.

Drops, 81.

Ductile, 186.

Duplex wire, 115.

Dynamo, 7, 27, 38, 42, 46, 48, 62, 82, 83, 87, 89, 132, 141, 142, 145, 150, 155, 161, 165, 167, 175, 176, 180, 187.

Dynamo fields, 40, 41.

E

Earth, 22.

Elasticity, 100, 142.

Electric, 6, 31, 49, 50, 76, 78, 81, 131, 142, 158, 162, 173, 176.

Electric arc, 63, 163.

Electric bell, 19, 69, 70, 71, 72, 106, 117.

Electric bulbs, 167.

Electric circuit, 118.

Electric fan, 55.

Electric field, 76.

Electric hand purifier, 129.

Electric heating, 135, 137, 161.

Electric iron, 130, 141.

Electric lamp socket, 139.

Electric light, 56, 66.

Electric lighting, 161.

Electric power, 113.

Electric welding, 183.

Electrical, 8, 11, 65, 96, 98, 104, 141, 159, 180, 184, 187.

Electrical impulses, 105, 147, 148.

Electrical manifestations, 175.

Electrically, 32, 70.

Electricity, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 18, 21, 26, 27, 28, 29, 38, 49, 54, 60, 61, 62, 82, 97, 98, 100, 104, 110, 112, 116, 123, 124, 133, 134, 136, 138, 145, 146, 147, 154, 156, 160, 166, 170, 171, 172, 175, 182, 187.

Electricity measuring, 49.

Electricity, thermo-, 142.

Electrified, 37, 186.

Electro-chemical, 55.

Electrode, 35, 124, 127, 128, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 184.

Electrolysis, 7, 123, 126, 132.

Electrolyte, 33, 35, 36, 57, 86, 88, 123, 132, 142.

Electrolytic, 55, 123, 125.

Electro-magnet, 59, 78.

Electro-magnetic, 7, 24, 25, 29, 37, 55, 92, 93, 94.

Electro-magnetic force, 7.

Electro-magnetic rotation, 7.

Electro-magnetic switch, 116.

Electro-meter, 7.

Electro-motive force, 37, 63, 99.

Electroplate, 12, 38, 48, 123, 132, 134.

Electro-positive-negative, 142, 143.

Elements, 36, 83.

Engine energy, 170, 180.

Equidistant, 127.

Ether, 104.

Example, 61.

Excited, 47.

Extension plate, 103.

Exterior, 3.

Exterior magnetic, 27.

External, 37.

External circuit, 153.

External current, 50.

External resistance, 37.

F

Factor, 61.

Ferrous oxide, 125.

Field, 46, 47.

Field, dynamo, 40, 41.

Field magnet cores, 155.

Field, magnetic, 38.

Field of force, 33.

Field wire, 48.

Filament, 168, 169, 170.

Filter, 128.

Flat iron, 140.

Flocculent, 128.

Force, 50.

Formulated, 19.

Friction, 32.

Frictional, 6, 7, 29.

Fuse, 169.

G

Galvani, 7.

Galvanic, 7, 23, 30.

Galvanometer, 7, 49, 108, 143.

Galvanoscope, 55, 58, 59.

Gaseous, 128.

Gasoline, 99.

Gas stove, 17.

Gelatine, 128.

Generate, 29, 38, 134, 136, 145.

Generated, 55.

Generating, 32, 134.

Generation, 170.

Generator, 32, 125, 147.

German silver, 136, 137.

Germicide, 187.

Gimlets, 17.

Glass, 30, 86, 126, 186.

Gold, 135.

Grid, 84.

Ground circuit, 121.

Gunpowder, 6.

H

Hack-saw, 14.

Hammer, 13.

Heart-shaped switch, 77.

Heater, 136.

Heating, 13, 38.

Hertzian rays, 170.

Hertzian wave, 184.

High tension, 38, 102, 184.

High tension apparatus, 98.

High tension coils, 103.

High voltage, 158.

Horizontal bar, 46.

Horseshoe magnet, 22, 24, 175.

Hydrate of aluminum, 129.

Hydrogen, 35, 123, 125, 128.

I

Igniting, 99.

Illumination, 162, 163, 165, 167, 170.

Immersed, 133.

Impulses, 60, 62, 96, 104, 109, 152, 179.

Incandescent, 166, 168.

Induced, 28.

Inductance, 149, 150.

Induction, 27, 37, 98, 147.

Induction coils, 99, 102, 106.

Influences, 178.

Initial charge, 88.

Insulated, 27, 28, 40, 43, 52, 55, 73, 115, 151, 180.

Insulating, 66, 69, 120, 140, 164.

Insulating material, 114.

Insulation, 40, 116.

Instruments, 49, 94, 112, 118, 120.

Instruments, measuring, 8.

Intensity, 55, 60, 104, 154.

Interior, magnetic, 23.

Internal resistance, 37.

Interruption, 102, 103.

Installation, 168.

Ionize, 186.

Iron, 19, 132, 133, 136, 142, 171.

Isolated, 186.

J

Jar, 29, 31, 32.

Journal, 46.

Journal block, 16, 146.

Jump spark, 99.

K

Key, 90, 91, 95.

Key, sending, 90.

Knob, 32.

Knob, terminal, 31.

L

Laboratory, 9.

Lead, 31, 136.

Lead, precipitated, 83, 85.

Lead, red, 83, 84.

Lever switching, 67.

Light, 104.

Light method, 56.

Lighting, 9, 38.

Lighting circuit, 48.

Lighting system, 82.

Lightning, 6, 171, 172, 173.

Lightning rod, 173.

Lime, chloride of, 84.

Line of force, 146.

Line wire, 122.

Line, magnetic, 22, 23.

Liquid, 32.

Litharge, 83.

Loadstone, 17.

Locomotives, 165.

Low tension, 38, 98, 102, 179.

M

Magnet bar, 20.

Magnet core, 16, 75, 93.

Magnet, electro, 59, 78.

Magnet, horseshoe, 22, 25, 175.

Magnet lines, 22, 23.

Magnet, permanent, 25, 38, 46, 50, 172.

Magnet, reversed, 20.

Magnet, steel, 53.

Magnet, swinging, 53.

Magnetic, 7, 19, 20, 21, 22, 25, 113, 178.

Magnetic construction, 39.

Magnetic exterior, 27.

Magnetic field, 22, 24, 27, 38, 50, 112, 146, 148, 155.

Magnetic interior, 23.

Magnetic pull, 59.

Magnetic radiator, 37.

Magnetism, 19, 54, 104, 110, 159, 171.

Magnetized, 18, 25, 27, 50.

Magnetized wire, 146.

Magnets, 13, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 39, 51, 53, 54, 70, 71, 73, 75, 81, 90, 93, 112, 113, 115, 147, 150, 163, 176, 177, 178.

Main conductor, 31.

Mandrel, 15, 16.

Manganese, 19.

Manifestations, 19.

Mariner, 172.

Material, non-conducting, 90.

Maximum, 154.

Measure, 55, 56, 60, 62.

Measurement, 62.

Measuring devices, 27.

Measuring instruments, 8.

Mechanism, 47, 180.

Medical batteries, 99.

Mercury, 63, 169.

Metal base, 73.

Mica, 186.

Microphone, 118, 119, 120.

Millimeter, 63.

Minus, 34.

Minus sign, 21.

Morse code, 76.

Motor, 7, 21, 27, 46, 47, 62, 82, 99, 150, 176, 180.

Mouthpiece, 115.

Mouthpiece rays, 188.

Moving field, 117.

Multiple, 168.

Musical scale, 111.

N

Negative, 21, 35, 36, 68, 83, 86, 87, 94, 125, 151, 152, 154, 165, 177, 178, 179.

Neutral, 125.

Neutral plate, 84.

Nickel, 136.

Nickel plating, 132.

Nitrate of silver, 62.

Nitrogen, 126.

Non-conducting material, 90.

Non-conductor, 164.

Non-magnetic, 19.

North pole, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 50, 54, 156.

Number plate, 75.

N-ray, 188.

O

Ohms, 60, 63.

Ohms, international, 63.

Ohms law, 7.

Operator, 95, 118.

Oscillating, 99, 105.

Osmium, 169.

Oxides, 125.

Oxidizing, 183.

Oxygen, 35, 123, 125, 126, 128, 129, 169.

P

Packing ring, 124.

Paraffine, 56, 100, 101, 102.

Paraffine wax, 86.

Parallel, 87, 88, 89.

Parallel switch bar, 67.

Parallel wires, 28, 49.

Partition, 124.

Peon, 13.

Percolate, 128.

Periodicity, 159.

Periods of alternations, 149.

Permanent, 18, 19, 50.

Permanent magnet, 25, 38, 46, 50, 172.

Phase, 19.

Phenomenon, 27, 65.

Photograph, 186.

Physical, 21.

Pile, voltaic, 33.

Pipe, 61.

Pitchblende, 186.

Pivot pin, 53.

Pivotal, 22.

Plane, 13.

Plate, 57, 93.

Plate, contact, 67, 68, 79.

Plate, copper, 33, 35, 58, 67.

Plate, negative, 84.

Plate, number, 75.

Plate, positive, 84, 88.

Plate, zinc, 33.

Platinum, 13, 57, 137.

Pliers, 14.

Plus sign, 21, 24.

Pointer, 53.

Polarity, 154, 177, 178, 179.

Polarization, 35.

Pole, north, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 50, 54, 156.

Pole piece, 40, 42.

Pole, south, 20, 21, 22, 25, 50, 54, 156.

Poles, 177, 179.

Polonium, 186.

Porcelain, 86.

Porous, 85.

Positive, 4, 21, 25, 36, 40, 68, 83, 86, 87, 94, 123, 125, 151, 152, 153, 155, 165.

Post, binding, 52, 71.

Potentiality, 105, 109.

Power, 38, 186.

Power, candle, 89, 139.

Precipitate of lead, 83, 85.

Precision, 7.

Pressure, 87.

Primary, 35, 62, 98, 134, 142, 159, 184.

Primary battery, 7, 99.

Primary circuit, 99.

Primary coil, 106, 109.

Prime conductor, 6.

Projected, 185.

Propagated, 105, 185.

Properties, 55.

Purification, 123, 128.

Purifier, 126, 131.

Push button, 65, 68, 69, 70, 76, 79.

Q

Quantity, 55, 60, 61, 138.

Quartz, 186.

R

Radio-activity, 186.

Radium, 184, 185, 187, 188.

Ratchet drill, 13.

Reaction, 148.

Receiver, 12, 90, 97, 121, 122.

Receiving station, 109.

Rectangular, 69.

Rectifiers, 146.

Red lead, 83, 84.

Reel, 13.

Reflected, 185.

Refraction, 185.

Refractory, 182.

Register, 57.

Removable, 54.

Removable cap, 73.

Repel, 20.

Repulsion, 21, 128.

Reservoir, 61, 62.

Resiliency, 99.

Resistance, 7, 36, 37, 60, 63, 99, 135, 136, 137, 138, 140, 141, 156, 157, 163, 166, 168.

Resistance bridge, 7.

Resistance, external, 37.

Resistance, internal, 37.

Rheostat, 7.

Reversed, 20, 50, 153.

Reversible, 163.

Reversing, 176.

Reversing switch, 67.

Revolubly, 46.

Revolve, 179.

Revolving, 177.

Roentgen rays, 184.

Roentgen tube, 187.

Rotation, 149.

Rubber, 40, 46, 77, 115, 126, 130, 138.

S

Sad-irons, 13.

Saline, 133.

Sanitation, 12.

Saturated, 85.

Screw, 15.

Screw, binding, 65, 66.

Screw-driver, 14.

Screw, set, 72.

Sealing wax, 53.

Secondary, 62, 98, 105, 158, 159, 160.

Secondary circuit, 99.

Secondary coil, 107, 108.

Self-induction, 149, 156.

Sender, 90, 97.

Sending apparatus, 106.

Sending key, 90.

Separately excited, 46.

Series-wound, 47.

Severed magnet, 20.

Sewage, 12.

Shaft, 30.

Shears, 14, 17.

Shellac, 40.

Shunt-wound, 47.

Signal, 118.

Silver, 19, 63, 125.

Silver nitrate, 62.

Socket, 54, 139.

Soldering, 14.

Soldering iron, 17.

Solution, 55, 57, 62, 63, 84, 86, 133, 134, 142.

Sounder, 90, 92, 95, 96.

Sounding board, 119.

Source, charging, 83.

South pole, 20, 21, 22, 25, 50, 54, 156.

Spark gap, 102, 106.

Spark jump, 99.

Spring finger, 69.

Square, 14, 17.

Standard, 62, 63.

Station, 94, 95, 117, 122.

Steel, 18, 19.

Steel magnet, 53.

Sterilized, 12.

Stirrup, 75.

Stock bit, 13.

Stock contact, 121.

Storage, 82.

Storage battery, 107.

Storing, 82.

Substances, 135.

Sulphate, 55, 128, 133.

Sulphur, 19.

Sulphuric acid, 31, 84.

Sulphuric acid voltameter, 55, 57.

Superstition, 171, 173.

Surging, 153, 154.

Swinging magnet, 53.

Swinging switch blade, 67.

Switch blades, 66.

Switches, 65, 66, 70, 77, 78, 90, 117.

Switches, bar, 65, 68, 90, 91.

Switches, bar, parallel, 67.

Switches, heart-shaped, 78.

Switches, piece, 77.

Switches, reversing, 67.

Switches, sliding, 67, 80.

Switches, terminal, 8.

Switches, two-pole, 65.

System, circuiting, 79.

T

Tail-piece, 16.

Tantalum, 169.

Telegraph, 11, 90, 96.

Telegraph key, 106.

Telegraph sounder, 108, 109.

Telegraphing, 94.

Telephone, 12, 110, 113, 117, 118, 119, 120.

Telephone circuit, 118.

Telephone connections, 116.

Telephone hook, 122.

Temperature, 56, 88, 134, 161, 170.

Tension, high, 38, 102, 184.

Tension, low, 38, 98, 102, 179.

Terminal, 31, 34, 35, 40, 48, 82, 86, 93, 95, 107, 116, 121, 122, 151, 152, 153, 154, 156.

Terminal knob, 31.

Terminal, secondary, 102.

Terminal switch, 81.

Theoretical, 160.

Therapeutics, 187.

Thermo-electric couples, 146.

Thermo-electricity, 135.

Thermometer, 56.

Thorium, 169, 186.

Thunderbolt, 171, 173.

Tin, 136.

Tinfoil, 31, 101.

Tools, 11, 13, 17.

Torch, brazing, 17.

Transformer, 145, 146, 158, 159, 180, 182.

Transformer, step-down, 182.

Transmission, 38, 187.

Transmit, 63, 95, 157.

Transmitter, 12, 120, 121, 122, 123.

Transverse, 16, 52.

Transversely, 43.

Trigger, 75.

Tripod, 31.

Tubular, 44, 45.

Two-pole switch, 65.

U

Ultra-violet, 185.

Uranium, 186.

V

Vacuum, 184.

Vapor lamps, 169.

Velocity, 60, 73.

Vertical armature, 75.

Vibration, 110, 111, 113.

Vibratory, 110.

Vise, 13.

Voltage, 37, 38, 60, 61, 62, 63, 87, 88, 99, 147, 154, 165, 180, 182.

Voltage, high, 158.

Voltaic, 29, 32.

Voltaic pile, 33.

Voltameter, 7, 58, 88.

Voltameter, sulphuric, acid, 55, 57.

Volts, 60, 62, 87, 89, 132, 158, 159.

W

Water, 123, 138, 144.

Water power, 142.

Watts, 60, 61, 160.

Wave lengths, 104, 110.

Weight, 49.

Welding, 13, 182.

Winding, 18, 40, 47, 58, 159, 196.

Winding reel, 14.

Window connection, 76.

Window frame, 78.

Wire, 6, 18, 21, 26, 28, 156.

Wire, circuiting, 79.

Wire coil, 40.

Wire lead, 70.

Wire, parallel, 28, 49.

Wireless, 12.

Wireless telegraphy, 103, 104, 184.

Wiring, 80.

Wiring, window, 77.

Workshop, 11, 17.

Wound, compound, 48.

Wound-series, 47.

Wound-shunt, 47.

X

X-ray, 184, 185, 187, 188.

Z

Zinc, 17, 34, 35, 85, 135.

Zinc plates, 33.



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The author has adopted the unique plan of setting forth the fundamental principles in each phase of the science, and practically applying the work in the successive stages. It shows how the knowledge has been developed, and the reasons for the various phenomena, without using technical words so as to bring it within the compass of every boy. It has a complete glossary of terms, and is illustrated with two hundred original drawings.

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This book takes the beginner through a comprehensive series of practical shop work, in which the uses of tools, and the structure and handling of shop machinery are set forth; how they are utilized to perform the work, and the manner in which all dimensional work is carried out. Every subject is illustrated, and model building explained. It contains a glossary which comprises a new system of cross references, a feature that will prove a welcome departure in explaining subjects. Fully illustrated.

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- Transcriber's Note. Every effort has been made to replicate this text as faithfully as possible, including obsolete and variant spellings and other inconsistencies. Minor punctuation and printing errors have been corrected. The first page of the original book is an advertisement. The page was moved to the end of the text. Some hyphenation inconsistencies in the text were retained: 16-candle-power and 16-candlepower, Electromotive and electro-motive, Electro-meter and Electrometer, Horseshoe and horse-shoe, Switchboard and switch-board, Two occurrences of 'Colorimeter' for 'Calorimeter' repaired. -