Of Mr. Vertue, to examine Stowe's memorandum-book. Look more carefully for the year when Spenser's monument was raised, or between which years the entry stands—1623 and 1626.

Sir Clement Cottrell's book about Spenser.

Captain Power, to know if he has heard from Capt. Spenser about my letter of inquiries relating to Edward Spenser.

Of Whiston, to examine if my remarks on Spenser are complete as to the press—Yes.

Remember, when I see Mr. W. Thompson, to inquire whether he has printed in any of his works any other character of our old poets than those of Spenser and Shakspeare;[353] and to get the liberty of a visit at Kentish Town, to see his Collection of Robert Greene's Works, in about four large volumes quarto. He commonly published a pamphlet every term, as his acquaintance Tom Nash informs us.

Two or three other memorials may excite a smile at his peculiar habits of study, and unceasing vigilance to draw from original sources of information.

Dryden's Dream, at Lord Exeter's, at Burleigh, while he was translating Virgil, as Signior Verrio, then painting there, related it to the Yorkshire painter, of whom I had it, lies in the parchment book in quarto, designed for his life.

At a subsequent period Oldys inserts, "Now entered therein." Malone quotes this very memorandum, which he discovered in Oldys's Langbaine, to show Dryden had some confidence in Oneirocriticism, and supposed that future events were sometimes prognosticated by dreams. Malone adds, "Where either the loose prophetic leaf or the parchment book now is, I know not."[354]

Unquestionably we have incurred a great loss in Oldys's collections for Dryden's Life, which are very extensive; such a mass of literary history cannot have perished unless by accident; and I suspect that many of Oldys's manuscripts are in the possession of individuals who are not acquainted with his hand-writing, which may be easily verified.

To search the old papers in one of my large deal boxes for Dryden's letter of thanks to my father, for some communication relating to Plutarch, while they and others were publishing a translation of Plutarch's Lives, in five volumes 8vo. 1683. It is copied in the yellow book for Dryden's Life, in which there are about 150 transcriptions, in prose and verse, relating to the life, character, and writings of Dryden.—Is England's Remembrancer extracted out of my obit. (obituary) into my remarks on him in the poetical bag?

My extracts in the parchment budget about Denham's seat and family in Surrey.

My white vellum pocket-book, bordered with gold, for the extract from "Groans of Great Britain" about Butler.

See my account of the great yews in Tankersley's park, while Sir R. Fanshaw was prisoner in the lodge there; especially Talbot's yew, which a man on horseback might turn about in, in my botanical budget.

This Donald Lupton I have mentioned in my catalogue of all the books and pamphlets relative to London in folio, begun anno 1740, and in which I have now, 1740, entered between 300 and 400 articles, besides remarks, &c. Now, in June, 1748, between 400 and 500 articles. Now, in October, 1750, six hundred and thirty-six.[355]

There remains to be told an anecdote which shows that Pope greatly regarded our literary antiquary. "Oldys," says my friend, "was one of the librarians of the Earl of Oxford, and he used to tell a story of the credit which he obtained as a scholar, by setting Pope right in a Latin quotation which he made at the earl's table. He did not, however, as I remember, boast of having been admitted as a guest at the table, but as happening to be in the room." Why might not Oldys, however, have been seated, at least below the salt? It would do no honour to either party to suppose that Oldys stood among the menials. The truth is, there appears to have existed a confidential intercourse between Pope and Oldys; of this I shall give a remarkable proof. In those fragments of Oldys, preserved as "additional anecdotes of Shakspeare," in Steevens's and Malone's editions, Oldys mentions a story of Davenant, which, he adds, "Mr. Pope told me at the Earl of Oxford's table!" And further relates a conversation which passed between them. Nor is this all; for in Oldys's Langbaine he put down this memorandum in the article of Shakspeare—"Remember what I observed to my Lord Oxford for Mr. Pope's use out of Cowley's preface." Malone appears to have discovered this observation of Cowley's, which is curious enough, and very ungrateful to that commentator's ideas: it is "to prune and lop away the old withered branches" in the new editions of Shakspeare and other ancient poets! "Pope adopted," says Malone, "this very unwarrantable idea; Oldys was the person who suggested to Pope the singular course he pursued in his edition of Shakspeare." Without touching on the felicity or the danger of this new system of republishing Shakspeare, one may say that if many passages were struck out, Shakspeare would not be injured, for many of them were never composed by that great bard! There not only existed a literary intimacy between Oldys and Pope, but our poet adopting his suggestions on so important an occasion, evinces how highly he esteemed his judgment; and unquestionably Pope had often been delighted by Oldys with the history of his predecessors, and the curiosities of English poetry.

I have now introduced the reader to Oldys sitting amidst his "poetical bags," his "parchment biographical budgets," his "catalogues," and his "diaries," often venting a solitary groan, or active in some fresh inquiry. Such is the Silhouette of this prodigy of literary curiosity!

The very existence of Oldys's manuscripts continues to be of an ambiguous nature; referred to, quoted, and transcribed, we can but seldom turn to the originals. These masses of curious knowledge, dispersed or lost, have enriched an after-race, who have often picked up the spoil and claimed the victory, but it was Oldys who had fought the battle!

Oldys affords one more example how life is often closed amidst discoveries and acquisitions. The literary antiquary, when he has attempted to embody his multiplied inquiries, and to finish his scattered designs, has found that the LABOR ABSQUE LABORE, "the labour void of labour," as the inscription on the library of Florence finely describes the researches of literature, has dissolved his days in the voluptuousness of his curiosity; and that too often, like the hunter in the heat of the chase, while he disdained the prey which lay before him, he was still stretching onwards to catch the fugitive!

Transvolat in medio posita, et fugientia captat.

At the close of every century, in this growing world of books, may an Oldys be the reader for the nation! Should he be endowed with a philosophical spirit, and combine the genius of his own times with that of the preceding, he will hold in his hand the chain of human thoughts, and, like another Bayle, become the historian of the human mind!

FOOTNOTES:

[338] His intention was to publish a general classified biography of all the Italian authors.

[339] He says in his advertisement, "It will be difficult to ascertain whether he meant to give them to the public, or only to reserve them for his own amusement and the entertainment of his friends." Many of these anecdotes are evidently mere loose scandal.

[340] Grose narrates his early history thus:—"His parents dying when he was very young, he soon squandered away his small patrimony, when he became, at first an attendant in Lord Oxford's library, and afterwards librarian; at whose death he was obliged to write for the booksellers for a subsistence."

[341] Mr. John Taylor, the son of Oldys's intimate friend, has furnished me with this interesting anecdote. "Oldys, as my father informed me, was many years in quiet obscurity in the Fleet prison, but at last was spirited up to make his situation known to the Duke of Norfolk of that time, who received Oldys's letter while he was at dinner with some friends. The duke immediately communicated the contents to the company, observing that he had long been anxious to know what had become of an old, though an humble friend, and was happy by that letter to find that he was alive. He then called for his gentleman (a kind of humble friend whom noblemen used to retain under that name in those days), and desired him to go immediately to the Fleet, to take money for the immediate need of Oldys, to procure an account of his debts, and discharge them. Oldys was soon after, either by the duke's gift or interest, appointed Norroy King of Arms; and I remember that his official regalia came into my father's hands at his death."

In the "Life of Oldys," by Mr. A. Chalmers, the date of this promotion is not found. My accomplished friend, the Rev. J. Dallaway, has obligingly examined the records of the college, by which it appears that Oldys had been Norfolk herald extraordinary, but not belonging to the college, was appointed per saltum Norroy King of Arms by patent, May 5th, 1755.

Grose says—"The patronage of the duke occasioned a suspicion of his being a papist, though I think really without reason; this for a while retarded his appointment: it was underhand propagated by the heralds, who were vexed at having a stranger put in upon them."

[342] The beautiful simplicity of this Anacreontic has met the unusual fate of entirely losing its character, by an additional and incongruous stanza in the modern editions, by a gentleman who has put into practice the unallowable liberty of altering the poetical and dramatic compositions of acknowledged genius to his own notion of what he deems "morality;" but in works of genius whatever is dull ceases to be moral. "The Fly" of Oldys may stand by "The Fly" of Gray for melancholy tenderness of thought; it consisted only of these two stanzas:

Busy, curious, thirsty fly! Drink with me, and drink as I! Freely welcome to my cup, Couldst thou sip and sip it up: Make the most of life you may; Life is short and wears away!

Both alike are mine and thine, Hastening quick to their decline! Thine's a summer, mine no more, Though repeated to threescore! Threescore summers when they're gone, Will appear as short as one!

[343] This anecdote should be given in justice to both parties, and in Grose's words, who says:—"He was a man of great good-nature, honour, and integrity, particularly in his character of an historian. Nothing, I firmly believe, would ever have biassed him to insert any fact in his writings he did not believe, or to suppress any he did. Of this delicacy he gave an instance at a time when he was in great distress. After his publication of the 'Life of Sir Walter Raleigh,' some booksellers thinking his name would sell a piece they were publishing, offered him a considerable sum to father it, which he rejected with the greatest indignation."

[344] We have been taught to enjoy the two ages of Genius and of Taste. The literary public are deeply indebted to the editorial care, the taste, and the enthusiasm of Mr. Singer, for exquisite reprints of some valuable writers.

[345] Gibbon once meditated a life of Rawleigh, and for that purpose began some researches in that "memorable era of our English annals." After reading Oldys's, he relinquished his design, from a conviction that "he could add nothing new to the subject, except the uncertain merit of style and sentiment."

[346] The British Museum is extremely deficient in our National Literature. The gift of George the Third's library has, however, probably supplied many deficiencies. [The recent bequest of the Grenville collection, and the constant search made of late years for these relics of early literature by the officers of our great national library, has greatly altered the state of the collection since the above was written s—Ed.]

[347] Grose says—"His mode of composing was somewhat singular: he had a number of small parchment bags, inscribed with the names of the persons whose lives he intended to write; into these bags he put every circumstance and anecdote he could collect, and from thence drew up his history."

[348] At the Bodleian Library, I learnt by a letter with which I am favoured by the Rev. Dr. Bliss, that there is an interleaved "Gildon's Lives and Characters of the Dramatic Poets," with corrections, which once belonged to Coxeter, who appears to have intended a new edition. Whether Coxeter transcribed into his Gildon the notes of Oldys's first "Langbaine," is worth inquiry. Coxeter's conduct, though he had purchased Oldys's first "Langbaine," was that of an ungenerous miser, who will quarrel with a brother rather than share in any acquisition he can get into his own hands. To Coxeter we also owe much; he suggested Dodsley's Collection of Old Plays, and the first tolerable edition of Massinger.

Oldys could not have been employed in Lord Oxford's library, as Mr. Chalmers conjectures, about 1726; for here he mentions that he was in Yorkshire from 1724 to 1730. This period is a remarkable blank in Oldys's life. My learned friend, the Rev. Joseph Hunter, has supplied me with a note in the copy of Fuller in the Malone collection preserved at the Bodleian. Those years were passed apparently in the household of the first Earl of Malton, who built Wentworth House. There all the collections of the antiquary Gascoigne, with "seven great chests of manuscripts," some as ancient as the time of the Conquest, were condemned in one solemn sacrifice to Vulcan; the ruthless earl being impenetrable to the prayers and remonstrances of our votary to English History. Oldys left the earl with little satisfaction, as appears by some severe strictures from his gentle pen.

[349] This copy was lent by Dr. Birch to the late Bishop of Dromore, who with his own hand carefully transcribed the notes into an interleaved copy of "Langbaine," divided into four volumes, which, as I am informed, narrowly escaped the flames, and was injured by the water, at a fire at Northumberland House. His lordship, when he went to Ireland, left this copy with Mr. Nichols, for the use of the projected editions of the Tatler, the Spectator, and the Guardian, with notes and illustrations; of which I think the Tatler only has appeared, and to which his lordship contributed some valuable communications.

[350] I know that not only this lot of Oldys's manuscripts, but a great quantity of original contributions of whole lives, intended for the "Biographia Britannica," must lie together, unless they have been destroyed as waste paper. These biographical and literary curiosities were often supplied by the families or friends of eminent persons. Some may, perhaps, have been reclaimed by their owners. I am informed there was among them an interesting collection of the correspondence of Locke; and I could mention several lives which were prepared.

[351] This collection, and probably the other letters, have come down to us, no doubt, with the manuscripts of this collector, purchased for the British Museum. The correspondence of Dr. Davenant, the political writer, with his son, the envoy, turns on one perpetual topic, his son's and his own advancement in the state.

[352] It is a stout octavo volume of 400 pages, containing a good selection of specimens from the earliest era, concluding with Sam. Daniel, in the reign of James I. Mrs. Elizabeth Cooper was the wife of an auctioneer, who had been a chum of Oldys's in the Fleet Prison, where he died a debtor; and it was to aid his widow that Oldys edited this book.

[353] William Thompson, the poet of "Sickness," and other poems; a warm lover of our elder bards, and no vulgar imitator of Spenser. He was the revivor of Bishop Hall's Satires, in 1753, by an edition which had been more fortunate if conducted by his friend Oldys, for the text is unfaithful, though the edition followed was one borrowed from Lord Oxford's library, probably by the aid of Oldys.

[354] Malone's Life of Dryden, p. 420.

[355] This is one of Oldys's Manuscripts; a thick folio of titles, which has been made to do its duty, with small thanks from those who did not care to praise the service which they derived from it. It passed from Dr. Berkenhout to George Steevens, who lent it to Gough. It was sold for five guineas. The useful work of ten years of attention given to it! The antiquary Gough alludes to it with his usual discernment. "Among these titles of books and pamphlets about London are many purely historical, and many of too low a kind to rank under the head of topography and history." Thus the design of Oldys, in forming this elaborate collection, is condemned by trying it by the limited object of the topographer's view. This catalogue remains a desideratum, were it printed entire as collected by Oldys, not merely for the topography of the metropolis, but for its relation to its manners, domestic annals, events, and persons connected with its history.



INDEX.

ABELARD, ranks among the heretics, i. 145; book condemned as his written by another, ib.; absolution granted to, 146; wrote and sung finely, 147; raises the school of the Paraclete, ib.

ABRAM-MEN, ii. 312, and note, ib.

ABRIDGERS, objections to, and recommendations of, i. 397; Bayle's advice to, 398; now slightly regarded, 399; instructions to, quoted from the Book of Maccabees, ib.

ABSENCE of mind, anecdotes of, i. 206.

ABSOLUTE monarchy, search for precedents to maintain, iii. 510, note.

ABSTRACTION of mind, instances of, amongst great men, ii. 59-60; sonnet on, by Metastasio, 61.

ACADEMY, the French, some account of, i. 413-417; visit of Christina Queen of Sweden to, 414; of Literature, designed in the reign of Queen Anne, ii. 407; abortive attempts to establish various, ib.; disadvantages of, ib.; arguments of the advocates for, ib.; should be designed by individuals, 408; French origin of, 408-410; origin of the Royal Society, 410-412; ridiculous titles of Italian, 479; some account of the Arcadian, and its service to literature, 482; derivation of its title, ib.; of the Colombaria, 483; indications of, in England, 484; early rise of among the Italians, 485; establishment of the "Academy," 486; suppressed, and its members persecuted, ib.; of the "Oziosi," 488; suppression of many, at Florence and Sienna, ib.; considerations of the reason of the Italian fantastical titles of, &c., 489.

ACAJOU and Zirphile, a whimsical fairy tale, ii. 308-311.

ACCADEMIA of Bologna originated with Lodovico Caracci, ii. 399.

ACCIDENT, instances of the pursuits of great men directed by, i. 85.

ACEPHALI, iii. 193, and note, ib.

ACHES, formerly a dissyllable; examples from Swift, Hudibras, and Shakespeare; John Kemble's use of the word, i. 81, note.

ACROSTICS, i. 295-296.

ACTORS, tragic, i. 248; who have died martyrs to their tragic characters, 249; should be nursed in the laps of queens, 250; anecdotes of, 250-251.

ADDISON, silent among strangers, i. 104.

ADRIANI, his continuation of Guicciardini's History, iii. 180.

ADVICE, good, of a literary sinner, i. 350.

AGATES, presenting representations of natural forms, i. 244.

AGOBARD, Archbishop of Lyons, i. 21, and note.

AGREDA, Maria, wrote the Life of the Virgin Mary, i. 367.

ALBERICO, vision of, ii. 422.

ALBERTUS MAGNUS, his opinion concerning books of magic, iii. 281; his brazen man, 282; his entertainment of the Earl of Holland, 290.

ALCHYMISTS, results of their operations, iii. 284; their cautious secresy, 285; discoveries by, ib.

ALCHYMY, anecdotes of professors of, i. 283-284; Henry VI. endeavoured to recruit his coffers by, 284; professors of, called multipliers, 285; books of, pious frauds, ib.; Elias Ashmole rather the historian of, than an adept in, 286; opinions of modern chemists on, 287.

ALEXANDRIA, library of, i. 1; Demetrius Phalereus, its industrious and skilful librarian, ib.; original manuscripts of AEschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides procured for, ib.: destruction of, 47-57.

AMBASSADORS, anecdotes of frivolous points of etiquette insisted on by, ii. 195-206.

AMICABLE ceremonies in various nations, ii. 12.

AMILCAR, the author of the Second Punic War, iii. 143.

AMPHIGOURIES, i. 298.

AMUSEMENT, periodical, during study, a standing rule among the Jesuits, i. 31; various, practised by different celebrated men, 38-41.

ANAGRAMS, i. 298, ii. 229; are classed among the Hebrews with the cabalistic sciences, 230; Platonic notions of, ib.; specimens of Greek, ib.; several examples of curious, 231-233; amusing anecdotes concerning, 234.

ANCILLON and his library, i. 10, and note.

ANDREINI, an actor and author of irregular Italian comedies, ii. 141; a drama of his gave the first idea to Milton of his "Paradise Lost," ib.

ANECDOTES of European Manners, ii. 30-39; of Abstraction of Mind, 59-62; literary, their importance, 300; Dr. Johnson's defence of, 301; the absurdity of many transmitted by biographers, ib.; general remarks on, 303.

ANGLESEA, Earl of, his MSS. suppressed, ii. 447.

ANIMALS, influence of music on, i. 272-4.

ANNIUS of Viterbo published seventeen books of pretended antiquities, iii. 305; and afterwards a commentary, ib.; caused a literary war, 306.

ANTEDILUVIAN researches, i. 301-303.

ANTI, a favourite prefix to books of controversy, i. 318.

ANTIQUARIES, Society of, inquiry into its origin and progress, ii. 413-415.

ANTONY, Marc, anecdote of, ii. 10.

APPAREL, excess in, proclamation against, by Elizabeth, iii. 375.

APPLES grafted on mulberry stocks, ii. 157, note.

ARCHESTRATUS, a celebrated culinary philosopher, ii. 246.

ARGUMENTS, invented by a machine, ii. 419.

ARIOSTO, his merits disputed in Italy, i. 386; public preference given to, by the Accademia della Crusca, 387; his verses sung by the gondoliers, 388.

ARISTOCRAT, a nick-name, iii. 83.

ARISTOTLE, account of criticisms on, i. 25; fate of his library, 53; Arabic commentaries on, 61; rage for, ib.; his opinions on sneezing, 127; letter of Philip of Macedon to, 142; description of the person and manners of, ib.; will of, 143; studied under Plato, ib.; parallel between him and Plato, by Rapin, ib.; anecdote concerning him and Plato, 144; raises a school, ib.; attacked by Xenocrates, ib.; his mode of pointing out a successor, 145; writers against and for, 314; bon-mot on his precepts, 407.

ARMSTRONG, Archibald, jester to Charles I., ii. 236, note.

ARNAULD, one of the most illustrious members of the Port Royal Society, i. 94; anecdotes of, 96; was still the great Arnauld at the age of eighty-two, 97.

ASHMOLE, Elias, his Theatrum Chemicum Britannicum, i. 286; his Diary, ii. 209; his superstition, ib., note.

ASTRAEA, D'Urfe's romance of the, i. 451; sketch of, 452-454.

ASTROLOGERS, faith in, by celebrated characters, i. 278; Lilly consulted by Charles I., ib.; Nostrodamus, by Catherine de Medici, 279; several have suffered death to verify their skill, ib.; shifts and impostures of, 279-280.

ASTROLOGY, greatly flourished in the time of the Civil Wars, i. 280; attacks on and defences of, 281-282.

ATELLANAE Fabulae, Atellan farces, ii. 131, and note, 132.

ATTICUS, employed to collect for Cicero, ii. 397; traded in books and gladiators, 398.

AUBREY, John, extract from his correspondence, iii. 294; his search after gold, ib.; his idea of universal education, 296.

AUDLEY, a lawyer and usurer, ii. 158; his commencement of life, and means of rising in, 159; anecdote of him and a draper, 161; his maxims of political economy, 162; his reply to a borrowing lord, ib.; his manners and opinions, 168-170; his death and general character, 170.

AUTOGRAPHS, indications of character, iii. 163; of English sovereigns, 165-166.

BABINGTON'S conspiracy, some account of its progress, and of the noble youths concerned in it, ii. 171; trial and defences of the conspirators, 173; their execution, 175-176.

BACCHUS, ancient descriptions of, and modern translations of them, ii. 292.

BACON, Lord, sketch of his life as a philosopher, iii. 320-326; more valued abroad than at home, 327.

BAKER, Sir Richard, author of the "Chronicle," died in the Fleet, ii. 452; his papers burnt, ib.

BALES, Peter, a celebrated caligrapher, i. 275; iii. 173-177.

BALLARD, the Jesuit, concerned in Babington's conspiracy, ii. 172; expression of his on his trial, 173.

BAPTISTA PORTA, founded the Accademie of the Oziosi and Segreti, iii. 290; considered himself a prognosticator, ib.; his magical devices, ib.

BARBIER, Louis, anecdote relating to, ii. 11; his superstitious observances, ib., note.

BARNARD, Dr., his "Life of Heylin," iii. 217-221.

BARTHIUS, Gaspar, a voluminous author, ii. 536; an infant prodigy, ib.; published a long list of unprinted works, 537; its fate, ib.

BASNAGE, his Dictionary, iii. 233.

BAYLE, publishes his Nouvelles de la Republique des Lettres, i. 14; account of his death, 391; his conduct to his friend, 392; read much by his fingers, ib.; amusements of, ib.; anecdotes relating to, 393; his "Critical Dictionary," remarks on its character, ii. 382-388; Gibbon's remarks on, 385; publication of, ib.; his originality, how obtained, 386; his errors, 388; his personal traits, 389; his characteristics, 388-396; changes his religion twice, 390; extract from his diary, ib.; his methods of study, 391; appointed to a professorship, ib.; deprived of it, ib.; laments his want of books, 392; anecdotes of the effects of his works, 394; a model of a literary character, 395.

BEAM in the eye of the Pharisee, literally represented in early art, i. 307, and note.

BEARDS, various fashions in, i. 220.

BEAUSSOL, M. Peyraud de, his preface to his condemned tragedy, ii. 304-307.

BEN JONSON, masques by, iii. 12; assisted Rawleigh in his history of the world, 131, and note.

BENEVOLENCES, iii. 218, 219.

BENTLEY, notice of his criticisms on Milton, i. 370-373.

BETHLEHEM Hospital, its original foundation, ii. 311, and note.

BETTERTON, anecdote of, i. 250.

BEZA, Theodore, an imitator of Calvin in abuse, i. 310; effect of his work against toleration, iii. 245.

BIBLE, the prohibition of, ii. 19; various versions of, 20-23; a family one, 22; the Olivetan, iii. 155; corrupt state of the English, formerly, 427; printing of, an article of open trade, 428; shameful practices in the printing of, 428-431, and note; privilege of printing granted to one Bentley, 430; Field's Pearl Bible contained 6000 faults, 431; division of, into chapter and verse, 432.

BIBLIOMANE, iii. 343.

BIBLIOMANIA, i. 9.

BIBLIOGNOSTE, iii. 343.

BIBLIOGRAPHE, iii. 343.

BIBLIOGRAPHY, remarks on its importance, iii. 341.

BIBLIOPHILE, iii. 343.

BIBLIOTAPHE, iii. 343.

BIOGRAPHICAL parallels, iii. 425; a book of, proposed by Hurd, ib.; between Budaeus and Erasmus, 426; instances of several, 427.

BIOGRAPHY, painted, a, iii. 137-141; remarks on, 414; sentimental, distinguished from chronological, ib.; of Dante, by Boccacio and Aretino, 415-419; domestic, 420-423; customary among the Romans, 424; comparative, a series of, projected by Elizabeth Hamilton, ib.

BIRCH, Dr., his great services to history, iii. 383.

BIRKENHEAD, Sir John, a newspaper writer and pamphleteer during the great rebellion, i. 159.

BLACK Cloaks, a political nickname for a party in Naples, iii. 82.

BLENHEIM, secret history of the building of, iii. 102-111; drawn from MSS., 103, note.

BONAVENTURE DE PERRIERS, specimen of his stories, i. 128.

BOOK of Sports, effect of, ii. 148.

BOOKS, collections of, see LIBRARIES; collectors of, see COLLECTORS; reviews of, and criticisms on, see LITERARY JOURNALS and SKETCHES OF CRITICISM; destruction of, see TITLE; lost, i. 47-57; prices of, in early times, 76; treatise on the art of reading printed, 78; curious advertisements of, 157; titles of, 288; various opinions as to the size of, 347; difficulties encountered in publishing many books of merit, 375; works of another description better remunerated, 377; leaves of, origin of their name, ii. 23, note; table-books, 26; derivation of the name "book," 28; description of the form and condition of ancient, ib.; censors and licensers of, 216; catalogue of, condemned at the Council of Trent, ib.; inquisitors of, ib.; see INDEX; burning of, anecdote of its good effect in promoting their sale, 219; mutilations caused by the censors in Camden's works, Lord Herbert's History of Henry VIII., and the Poems of Lord Brooke, 220; anecdotes of purloiners of, iii. 316-319; predilection of celebrated men to particular, iii. 340-343; calculations as to their present number, 342; different terms for amateurs of, 343; which have been designed but not completed, 493, 494.

BOOKSELLERS, two ruined by one author, ii. 533.

BORROWERS, destructive to collections of books, i. 12.

BOTANIC GARDEN, Darwin's remarks on, i. 341.

BOURDALOUE, i. 257.

BOURGEOIS, Pere, one of the Chinese missionaries, account of his attempt at preaching in Chinese, i. 268.

BOUTS RIMES, i. 296.

BRANDT, Ship of Fools, i. 7.

BRIDGEWATER, late Duke of, destroyed many family MSS., ii. 451.

BUCKINGHAM, Duke of, his familiarity and coarseness with James I., i. 463, note; his conduct in Spain, ii. 4; equally a favourite with James I. and Charles I., 5; Hume's character of, ib. and 355; anecdote of him and the Queen of France, 6; his audacity and "English familiarity," ib.; anecdote of him and Prince Charles, 7; his rise, 10; his magnificent entertainment of Charles I. and the French ambassador, 327; his character, 356-358, and notes; his fears of being supplanted, 357, note; contrast between him and Richelieu, 358; secret history of his expedition to Spain with Prince Charles, 359; prognostics of his death, 364; portrait of, 366, note; determined to succour Rochelle, 367; his death, 371; satires on, 369, 370; possessed the esteem of Charles I., ib.; his extravagance in dress, iii. 407; intrigued with the Puritans, 443; his intercourse with Dr. Preston, a Puritan, 444; discovers Preston's insincerity, and abandons the Puritans, 445; his impeachment, 452; his failure at the Isle of Rhe, 458; offers to resign his offices, 469; hatred of, by the parliament, 470-474.

BUFFON, Vicq d'Azyr's description of his study, iii. 208.

BUILDINGS in the metropolis, opposition to, from the days of Elizabeth to those of Charles II., iii. 363; statutes against, 364; proclamations against, 365.

BURNET, his book against Varillas, i. 132, and note.

BURYING grounds, iii. 231.

BUTLER, the author of "Hudibras," vindicated, ii. 491-495.

CADIZ, expedition to, in the time of Charles I., ii. 366; satirical lines on, 367.

CALAMY, his "History of the Ejected Ministers," iii. 240.

CALUMNY, political advantages of, iii. 81.

CALVIN, less tolerant than Luther in controversy, i. 309.

CAMUS, his "Medecine de l'Esprit," ii. 469.

CARACCI, family of the, ii. 399; Lodovico, character of, ib.; the school of the, 401, note; Agostino and Annibale, their opposite characters, 402; the three opened a school in their own house, 403; Agostino's eminence there, ib.; his sonnet, comprising the laws of painting, 404; Domenichino, Albano, Guido, Guercino, their pupils, 405; disputes between Annibale and Agostino, ib.; their separation, 406.

CARDINAL RICHELIEU, anecdotes of, and considerations on his character, i. 139-142.

CARLETON, Sir Dudley, Vice-Chamberlain of Charles I., his speech to the Commons on the imprisonment of two of their members for their impeachment of Buckingham, iii. 455.

CARTOONS of Raphael, now at Hampton Court, offered for sale, and bought by Cromwell, ii. 333; nearly sold to France by Charles II., ib., note; the gallery for their reception built by William III., ib.

CATHERINE DE' MEDICI, her belief in astrology, iii. 347; employs Montluc to intrigue to secure the election of the Duke of Anjou to the crown of Poland, 349.

CATHARINOT, a voluminous writer, ii. 545; his singular mode of publishing his unsaleable works, 546.

CAUSE and Pretext, distinction between, to be observed by historians, iii. 141; anecdotal illustrations, 142-144.

CAXTON, the printer, his earliest works, i. 75, note.

CAYET, Dr., his "Chronologie Novenaire," ii. 7.

CENSERS used to sweeten houses in the reign of Elizabeth, ii. 38, note.

CENSORS of books, designed to counteract the press, ii. 216; originated with the Inquisition, ib.; appointed with the title of Inquisitors of Books, ib.; disagreement among these Inquisitors, 217; in Spain, 218; their treatment of commentators on the "Lusiad," ib.; instances of the injury done to English literature by the appointment of, 220; never recognised by English law, 221; regularly established under Charles I., 223; office of, maintained by the Puritans, ib.; treatment of Milton by, ib.; the office lay dormant under Cromwell, 224; revived and continued under Charles II. and James II., ib.; anecdotes relative to, 226-228.

CENTOS, i. 299.

CEREMONIES, different, among various nations, ii. 12-15.

CERVANTES, remark of i. 394; taken prisoner at the battle of Lepanto, ib.

CHAMILLART, Minister of France, his rise, ii, 11.

CHARADES, i. 297.

CHARLES MARTEL, his combat with, and defeat of, the Mahometans, ii. 430.

CHARLES the Bald of France, his remarkable vision, ii. 423.

CHARLES the First, account of his expedition into Spain, ii. 1-4; anecdote of him and Buckingham, 6; history of his diamond seal, 326; his love of the fine arts, 327; the magnificence and taste of his court entertainments, 328; anecdote of, 329; catalogue of his effects, 331-334; an artist and a poet, 334, 335, and note; influence of his wife on, doubted, 336; his dismissal of his wife's French establishment, 345; reply to the French ambassador's remonstrances, 347; his conduct on the death of Buckingham, 371; secret history of him and his first Parliaments, iii. 448; the latter a sullen bride, ib.; his address to his first Parliament, and their ungracious conduct, 449; they abandoned the king, 450; raises money on Privy Seals, ib.; on the failure of the expedition to Cadiz he called his second Parliament, 451; communications between him and his Parliament, ib.; his address to them, noticing the impeachment of Buckingham, 452; his conduct on that occasion the beginning of his troubles, 453; on the Commons' further remonstrance against Buckingham, he dissolves his second Parliament, 457; his distress for money, ib.; his fresh distresses on the failure of the expedition to the Isle of Rhe, and his expedients to raise money, 458, 459; their ill success, 460, 461; reflections on his situation, 463; rejects the proffered advice of the President of the Rosy-Cross, 464; anonymous letter sent to the Commons, and by them forwarded to the king without perusing, 465; secret measures used by the opposition, 466; speech of the king to Parliament, 467; his emotion on being informed that the Parliament had granted subsidies 468; debates on the king's message, 469; Eliot's speech thereon, 470; Coke's memorable speech, 473; the king grants his assent to the Petition of Right, 475; popular rejoicings, 476; presentation of the Remonstrance, ib.; the king's conduct after the assassination of Buckingham, 477; vow of the Parliament to maintain the Articles of Religion of the 13th Eliz., 478; tumult in the House, and dissolution of the Parliament, 480.

CHARLES the Fifth, his edicts against the Reformed religion, iii. 242; his conduct influenced by political, not religious motives, 243.

CHARLES the Ninth, account of the death of, ii. 7-9; his apology for the massacre of St. Bartholomew, iii. 255-259; his character, 260.

CHERRIES, introduction of, into Great Britain, ii. 156; loss and reintroduction of, in the reign of Henry VIII., ib.

CHESS, clergymen prohibited from playing, ii. 32; Kempelen's Mechanical Chess-player, iii. 284, note.

CHINESE language, i. 267; difficulties of, experienced by P. Bourgeois, 268.

CHOCOLATE, brought from Mexico by the Spaniards, ii. 325; treatise against the use of, ib.; chocolate-houses in London, ib.

CHRISTMAS Prince at the Universities, ii. 268; account of one at Oxford, 1607, ib., note.

CHRISTODINS, iii. 81.

CHRONOGRAMS, i. 295.

CHURCHILL abhorred the correction of his MSS., ii. 85.

CICERO a punster, i. 69; a manufacturer of prefaces, 71; a collector, ii. 396; his projected library, ib.; employs Atticus to procure books and statues, 397; discovered the tomb of Archimedes, iii. 409.

CITIES, Free, shook off the yoke of feudal tyranny, i. 184.

CLAIRON, Mademoiselle, anecdote of, i. 251.

CLARENDON House, history of its erection, iii. 189-191; popularly called Dunkirk House, or Tangier Hall, 189; satire on the building of, 190; existing remains of, 191, note.

CLASSICAL learning, ii. 332.

CLOVIS, his reasons for adopting Christianity, ii. 433, 434, and note.

COACHES, introduction of, into England, ii. 36; use of, in France, ib.

COCKERAM, H., his English Dictionary and its new words, iii. 24.

COCK-FIGHTING in Ceylon, i. 188.

COFFEE, introduction of, into Europe, ii, 320; made fashionable at Paris by the Turkish ambassador, 321; invectives and poetical satires against, 322-324; advantages of its use, 325.

COFFEE-HOUSES, the first opened at Paris, ii. 321; improvements in, ib.; the first in England, 322; shut up by proclamation, ib.; and iii. 379, note.

COKE, or Cook, Sir Edward, his most pleasing book, his Manual, or Vade Mecum, ii. 519; his MSS. seized on his death, ib.; yet to be recovered, ib., note; his character, 520; his matrimonial alliances, ib.; his disgrace, 521; disputes between him and his wife, Lady Hatton, concerning the marriage of his daughter, 523; curious letter of advice to Lady Hatton, for her defence before the Council, 524; his daughter married to Lord Villiers, and Coke reinstated, 529; his daughter's bad conduct, ib.; his death, 530; his vituperative style, ib.; his conduct to Rawleigh, 531; his abjectness in disgrace, 532; pricked as sheriff, to exclude him from Parliament, iii. 446; eludes the appointment by excepting to the oath, 448.

COKE, Mr. Clement, a violent opposition leader in the second Parliament of Charles I., iii. 498, 499.

COLERIDGE, method pursued by him in his remarkable political predictions, iii. 268.

COLLECTIONS of books, see LIBRARIES; of engravings, see ENGRAVINGS.

COLLECTOR of books, i. 1-8; defence of himself, as one of the body, by Ancillon, 10; Aristotle first saluted as a, 53.

COLLECTORS, their propensity to plunder, iii. 316-319.

COLLINS, Anthony, a great lover of books, iii. 16; a free-thinker, ib.; the friend of Locke, 18; fate of his MSS., 19-23.

COMEDIES, extemporal, ii. 130; opinion of northern critics on, 131; the amusement of Italy, ib.; practised by the Romans, ib.; Salvator Rosa's prologue to one, 133; opinions and descriptions of, by Riccoboni and Gherardi, 134, 135; anecdote of the excellence of, 137; when first introduced in England, 138.

COMFITS universally used under Henry III. of France, i. 221.

COMINES, notice of, i. 263.

COMPOSITION, various modes of literary, ii. 85; correction in, necessary, ib.; but by some authors impossible, ib.; illustrative anecdotes, 86; use of models in, 88; various modes of, used by celebrated authors, 90-92; passion for, exhibited by some authors, 533-546.

CONDE, great Prince of, expert in physiognomy, i. 150.

CONFRERES de la Passion, i. 353.

CONFUSION of words by writers, iii. 65; by the Nominalists and Realists, 66; in modern philosophy, ib.; between the Antinomians and their opposers, and the Jansenists and Jesuits, 68; between Abelard and St. Bernard, ib; other instances, 69; in jurisprudence and politics, 70; historical instances, 71-73; arising from a change of meaning in the course of time, 74; serious consequences of, 77; among political economists, 78; illustrative anecdote of Caramuel, a Spanish bishop, 79.

CONSTANTINE, motives of his acknowledgment of Christianity, ii. 433.

CONTROVERSIAL writings, acrimony infused into by scholars, i. 153, and 317.

CONTROVERSY, literary, that of the Nominalists and Realists, i. 312; between Benedetto Aletino and Constantino Grimaldi, 314; abuse lavished on each other by learned men in, 308-320; challenges sent on occasion of, 317.

COOKERY and cooks of the ancients, ii. 245; Epic composed in praise of, 246; illustrative translations from Athenaeus,247-252; the dexterity of the cooks, 253; writers on, 254; anecdotes, 255.

CORNEILLE, Peter, died in poverty, i. 32; deficient in conversation, 104; sketch of his life, 428-432.

CORNEILLE, Thomas, impromptu written under his portrait, i. 432.

CORNELIUS AGRIPPA, accused of magic, i. 27; his dog supposed to be a demon, 28; his belief in demons, iii. 282.

CORNHERT, Theodore, a great advocate for toleration, iii. 253, and note.

CORPUS CHRISTI plays at Chester, i. 353; at Kendal, iii. 442, and note.

COSMETICS, use of, by the ladies of the Elizabethan age, i. 227.

COTTON, Sir Robert, his manuscript collections, iii. 316; his character of Charles I., 456, 457.

COUNTRY gentlemen, their former habits commended, ii. 214; Lord Clarendon's mention of his grandfather's conduct as one of the body, ib.; their conduct created a national character, ib.

COUNTRY residence, opinion of Justice Best upon, iii. 363; James I. recommendation of, 364; proclamations to compel a, ib.; and proceedings in the Star Chamber against the disobedient, 365-368; Ode upon, by Sir Richard Fanshaw, 369.

COURT of Wards and Liveries, ii. 158, note.

CRANMER, Jansenist character of, i. 373.

CREATION of the World, precise date of, i. 303.

CREBILLON, his creditors attached the proceeds of his tragedy of Catiline, i. 405; decree of Louis XV. thereupon, 406.

CRITICS may possess the art of judging without the power of execution, i. 407; Abbe d'Aubignac and Chapelaine quoted as instances, ib.

CRITICISM, Periodical, see LITERARY JOURNALS, i. 12-17; sketches of amongst the ancients, 24-27; effect of, upon authors, 409.

CROMWELL, his great political error, ii. 435; prediction of his future eminence, iii. 269; reasons for his delay in naming a successor, 328, 329.

CRUIKSHANK, George, curious error concerning, i. 321, note.

CYRE, the Abbe, an envoy of the Emperor's in Poland, iii. 350; seized and imprisoned, 360.

D'AGUESSEAU, the Chancellor, his advice to his son on the study of history, iii. 179.

DANCE of Death, iii. 211-215.

DANTE, origin of his Inferno, disputes on, ii. 421; the entire work Gothic, ib.; Vision of Alberico supposed to be borrowed, 422; and probably read by Dante, ib.; his originality vindicated, 423; the true origin of the Inferno, 427, and note.

DAY-FATALITY, i. 279; lucky and unlucky days, ib., note.

DEATH, anecdotes relating to the death of many distinguished persons, i. 417-421; book containing the accounts of the deaths of remarkable persons, compiled by Montaigne, iii. 200; reflections on death, ib.; anecdotes of the death of some celebrated persons, 201, 202; effect of the continual consideration of, 203; Lady Gethin's ideas on, 204; conversations of Johnson and Boswell on, ib.; singular preparations for, by Moncriff, 205; opinions of the ancients on, 207; personifications of, among the ancients, 208, and note; Gothic representations of, 209.

DEDICATIONS, curious anecdotes concerning, i. 337-341; price for the dedication of a play, 338; one to himself, composed by a patron, ib.; practice of Elkanah Settle with regard to, 339; of the Polyglot Bible to Cromwell, ib.; altered at the Restoration, ib.; to Cardinal Richelieu, 340; Dryden's, ib.; ingenious one by Sir Simon Degge, 341.

DE FOE, his honour questioned as to the publication of Robinson Crusoe, ii. 274; probably struck by Steele's observations on Selkirk's narration, 276; wrote Robinson Crusoe in comparative solitude, ib.; vindication of his character, ib.

DE LA CHAMBRE, secret correspondence of, with Louis XIV. on physiognomy, i. 148.

DELIQUENTS, a convenient revolutionary phrase, iii. 86.

DESCARES, persecuted for his opinions, i. 29; silent in mixed company, 104; his description of his life in Amsterdam, 113.

DESCRIPTIONS, local, when prolonged tedious, iii. 1; Boileau's criticisms on, 1, 2; inefficiency of, instanced by a passage from Pliny, 2; example of elegant, in a sonnet by Francesca de Castello, 3.

DESCRIPTIVE Poems, general remarks on, i. 341; race of, confined to one object, ib.; titles of, and notices on several of these, 342, 343.

DES MAIZEAUX, a French refugee, iii. 13; his Life of Bayle, 14; notices of his literary life, 15-18; Anthony Collins bequeaths his MSS. to, 19; relinquishes them to Collins's widow, 20; correspondence concerning, 19-22.

DESMARETS, his comedy of the "Visionnaires," ii. 48.

DE SERRES, introduced the cultivation of the mulberry tree and silk-worm into France, ii. 152; opposition to his schemes, ib.; supported by Henry IV., ib.; medal struck in honour of his memory, 153.

DESTRUCTION of books and MSS. by the monks, i. 18, 50; account of, at Constantinople, by the Christians, suppressed, 47; burning of Talmuds, 48; of Irish and Mexican, ib.; anecdotes regarding, 49; of Korans, ib.; of the classics, 50; of Bohemian, ib.; in England under Henry VIII., 51; at Stationers' Hall in 1599, 53; of many of Lady Mary Wortley Montague's letters, 54; of Anglo-Saxon MSS., 55; anecdotes concerning the, ib., note; by fire and shipwreck, 56, 57.

D'EWES, Sir Symonds, a sober antiquary, but a visionary, iii. 433; extracts from his Diary, 434, 435.

DIARY, of a Master of the Ceremonies, ii. 194-206; Shaftesbury's definition of a, ib.; Colonel Harwood's, 206; kept by Titus, ib.; Alfred's, 207; Prince Henry's, ib.; Edward VI.'s, ib.; kept by James II., 208; usually kept by heads of families, 209; kept by Swift and Horace Walpole, ib.; recommended by Sir Thomas Bodley to Sir Francis Bacon, ib.; Coke's, ib.; Camden's, 210; of Sir Symonds D'Ewes, ib.; Baxter's, 211; the thoughtful disposition giving rise to the keeping of a diary, partaken even by women, ib.; Whitelocke's, 212; Laud's, 213; Lord Clarendon's, 214; practice of keeping one recommended, 215.

DIARIES, Religious, iii. 435.

DICTIONARY of Trevoux, account of its origin and progress, iii. 229; of Basnage, 230; of Dr. Johnson, 233.

DIGGES, Sir Dudley, a violent opposition leader in Charles I.'s second parliament, iii. 451; opened the impeachment of Buckingham, 452; committed to the tower, 454.

DILAPIDATIONS of MSS.—See MANUSCRIPTS.

DINNER hour, variations of, in different times, ii. 34, 35.

DINNER parties, Roman limitation of the number of guests at, ii. 246.

DISCOVERIES in literature and science, aptitude in, obtained by studious men, iii. 408; illustrative anecdotes, 409-413.

DIVINITY, scholastic, i. 60, 61; curious accounts and specimens of, 63-65.

DODD'S Church History of England, iii. 239.

DRAGONS, origin of the old stories of, ii. 311.

DRAMA, anecdotes of the early, ii. 40-43; Mexican, ib.; account of a curious drama, entitled Technotamia, or the Marriage of the Arts, 43-46; account of one written by a madman, 48.

DRAMATIC works made the vehicle of political feeling, ii. 277; by the Catholics at the Reformation, ib.; such conduct caused a proclamation by Edward VI. against English interludes, &c., ib.; those on the side of the Reformation allowed, and specimens of one, 279-281; proceedings against in the Star Chamber, ib.

DRAMATIC Annals.—See DRAMATIC WORKS. Suppression of the drama during the civil wars of Charles I., ii. 281; opposite conduct of actors at that time, and at the period of the French revolution, 282; writers against the stage, 283; custom of boys personating females, 284; introduction of actresses, 285; Histriomastix, ib.; all theatres suppressed in 1642, ib.; ordinance against theatres, 286; plays enacted secretly during their suppression, ib.; Cox's "drolleries," 287; petitions against the drama, 289; the player's petition in favour of, ib.; secretly acted at Holland House, 291; the suppression of the drama caused the publication of many MS. plays, ib.

DRESS, costliness of, in the reigns of Elizabeth, James I., and Charles I., iii. 405-408.

DRINKING, hard, a borrowed custom among the English, ii. 293; learnt by them in the Netherlands, ib.; statutes against, ib., note; terms of, 294, note, 295-298; anecdotes of, 300.

DRUNKARDS, their different characteristics, ii. 299; "A Delicate Diet for," ib., note; toasts of, 300, and note.

DU CLOS, origin of his fairy tale of Acajou and Zirphile, and account of his satirical preface to it, ii. 308-310.

DUTCH literature, remarks and strictures on, i. 403-405; satirical medals, iii. 156-160.

ECHO verses, specimen of, ii. 236.

ECLECTIC School of Art founded by the Caracci, ii. 401, note.

EDWARD the Fourth, to what he owed his crown, i. 261.

EGLISHAW, Dr., his political libels, ii. 357, note; is murdered in Holland, ib.

ELIZABETH, queen, i. 264; her amours, 265; wished to be thought beautiful by all the world, ib.; her habits studious, but not of the gentlest kind, 266; her writing, 267; her education severely classical, ib.; various anecdotes concerning, 264-267; her able management of her parliaments, ii. 179-186; her conduct regarding the succession, iii. 328; her treatment of James I., 332; her proclamation against excess in apparel, 375.

ELIOT, Sir John, a violent opposition leader in Charles I.'s second Parliament, iii. 452; his speech on the impeachment of Buckingham, 453; committed to the Tower, 454; violent against Buckingham in Parliament, 469-471; his collection of satires against him, ib.; a leader in the last Parliament of Charles I., 474-479.

ELOISA, solicited and obtained Abelard's absolution, i. 146; buried with Abelard, ib.; a fine lady, 147; Pope's reprehensible lines found in original letters of, 148.

ENCHANTERS, origin of the old stories of, ii. 31.

ENGLISH Poetry, scarcely known in France in 1610, iii. 233; ignorance of, displayed by Quadrio in his History of Poetry published in 1750, 236.

ENGRAVING, early origin among the Egyptians, i. 43, note.

ENGRAVINGS, first collection of, under Louis XIV., by Colbert, i. 7; collecting of engraved portraits originated the work of Granger, 45.

EPITAPH on Cardinal Richelieu, by his protege, Benserade, i. 84; by celebrated persons on themselves, 417; on Philip I., 471; on Butler, the author of Hudibras, ii. 548.

ERRATA, remarkable anecdotes concerning, i, 78-82.

ERRONEOUS proper names, given in foreign authors, i. 327, and note.

ETIQUETTE, Court, reflections on its rise and progress, ii. 194; forms of, observed between the English ambassadors and Cardinal Richelieu, 195; creation of a master of the ceremonies, 196; absurd punctilios of, illustrated from the Diary of Sir John Finett, 196-204.

EVELYN, his mode of composition, ii. 88; praise due to him for his Sylva, 152; his design for arms of Royal Society, 411, and note.

EVENTS which have not happened, ii. 428-438.

EXCOMMUNICATION, by the Popes, dreadful consequences of, ii. 84.

FAIRFAX Papers, curious discovery of, i. 24, note.

FAIRFAX, Sir Thomas, anecdotes of him and his family, ii. 461-474.

FAME, contemned, 66.

FAMILIAR spirits, intercourse with, believed, i. 27, 28, 280.

FANSHAW, Sir Richard, his Ode on the king's commanding the gentry to reside on their estates, iii. 369-371.

FARCES, ancient, reprehensible, but their pleasantry and humour not contemptible, i. 358; customary among the Romans after a serious piece, ii. 131.

FASHIONS.—See LITERARY FASHIONS. Anecdotes of their origin, changes and extravagances, i. 216-230; introduction of French, 227, 228; chronicled by Stowe, 225; French, prevailed in the reign of Charles II., 228; notice of modern, 229; lines condemning the acts of, 230; expensive in the reigns of Henry VII. and VIII., ii. 36.

FEAST of Fools, ii. 31.

FEAST of Asses, ii. 31.

FELTON, John, the assassin of the Duke of Buckingham, his motives for the act, ii. 371; his passage to London in triumph, 372; anagram on his name, 373; his remorse, ib.; his character, 374; his family, ib., and note; propositions found in his trunk, 375; history of the remarkable written paper found in his hat, ib., note; answer to a threat of torture, 376; poem addressed to, 378.

FEMALE beauty and ornaments, opinions and practices of various nations concerning, i. 211.

FENELON, Jansenist character of, i. 373; his admiration of Homer, iii. 339.

FEUDAL customs and rights, the barbarous, the first attempts at organizing society, i. 183; servitude of the land, 184; maiden rights, ib.; wardship, 185; German lords privileged to rob on the highway, ib.; anecdote of Geoffrey, Lord of Coventry, ib.; anecdotes of the abuse of feudal rights and power, 186, 187.

FILBERT, origin of the name, ii. 157, and note.

FILCHERS, literary, iii. 316-319.

FILICAJA, a sonnet of, iii. 197, translated, ib.

FINETT, Sir John, master of the ceremonies to Charles I.—See ETIQUETTE.

FIRE, in primaeval ages, a signal of respect, ii. 16; worshipped as a divinity, ib.; a symbol of majesty, ib.; ancient observances regarding, ib.

FIRE-WORKS, not known to antiquity, ii. 15; their epoch, 17; originated with the Florentines and Siennese, ib.; their use passes to Rome, ib.; exhibition of at Paris, 18.

FLAP-DRAGONS, ii. 298.

FLEA, collection of poems on, i. 304.

FLORAL gifts, withheld by the Capitouls of Toulouse from Maynard, a French poet, i. 437.

FLOGGING, a discussion on, occasioned Roger Ascham to write his Schoolmaster, i. 87.

FLOWERS and Fruits, praise of the introducers of exotic, ii. 151; Peirese and Evelyn, ib.; Hartlib, 153; enthusiasm evinced by the transplanters of, ib.; notice of many introduced by particular persons, 154; origin of, distinguished by their names, 155; worthy pride of introducers of, 156, 157.

FORGERIES and fictions, political and religious, iii. 144; historical instances, 145-150; literary, iii. 304-319.

FORMOSA, Psalmanazar's pretended history of, i. 136, note.

FOSCOLO, Ugo, his opinion on the titles of Italian Academies, ii. 490.

FOURMONT, the Oriental scholar, anecdote of, iii. 396.

FOX'S Acts and Monuments, iii. 239.

FRIENDSHIPS of literary men, interesting anecdotes of, ii. 55-59.

FRANKLIN, Dr., experiments with lightning, ii. 413.

FRENCH REVOLUTION a commentary on the English, iii. 489.

FRONDEURS, organized by Cardinal de Retz, iii. 83.

FUGGERS, a wealthy family of merchants, i. 6, and note.

FUNERAL honours paid to their kings by the Goths and Huns, i. 196.

GALILEO, condemned to disavow his own opinions, i. 28; his annotations on Tasso, ii. 444.

GAMESTERS, memoirs of celebrated, i. 190.

GAMING, a universal passion, i. 187; treatises on, ib.; among the nations of the East, 188, 189; the ancients, ib.; picture of a gambling-house in 1731, ib.

GARDENS, mediaeval, ii. 154, note; gradual introduction of fruits and flowers, 151-157.

GAS, origin of the word, iii. 282.

GAYTON, Edmund, his pleasant notes upon Don Quixote and other works, i. 139, note.

GEMARA.—See TALMUD.

GENIUS, inequalities of, i. 88; men of, deficient in conversation, 103; modern persecution of, 197.

GERBIER, Sir Balthazar, a confidential agent of the Duke of Buckingham, ii. 358; notices of his Memoirs, 359-369; his account of the preparations for the siege of Rochelle, 368.

GESTURES significant, used by the ancients and by modern Neapolitans, ii. 119, note.

GETHIN, Lady Grace, her statue in Westminster Abbey, ii. 270; her papers collected and published, under the title of Reliquiae Gethinianae, 271; character of the book, ib.; Congreve's laudatory lines on, ib.; its authenticity doubted, 272; her considerations on the choice of a husband, 273.

GHOSTS, theory of, iii. 287, 288.

GIANNONE, his History of Naples, iii. 184; threatened by the Inquisition, 185; died in the citadel of Turin, ib.

GIBBON, his mode of study useful to students, ii. 89.

GILL, Alexander, committed by the Star Chamber, ii. 373.

GLOVES, supposed to be mentioned in the 108th Psalm, i. 235; account of, by Xenophon, ib.; mentioned by several ancient writers, ib.; use of, universal in the 9th century, 236; regulations concerning, ib.; employed on great and solemn occasions, such as investitures, ib.; Abbots forbidden to use, ib.; blessing of, 237; deprivation of, a mark of degradation, ib.; challenging by, ib.; used for secret correspondence, ib., note; use of, in carrying the hawk, 238; formerly forbidden to judges, ib.; singular anecdote concerning, ib.; ancient, in the Denny family, 239.

GLOVE-MONEY, i. 238.

GOFF, Thomas, a tragic poet, specimens of his works, ii. 42.

GONDOLIERS of Venice, description of their chanting the verses of Tasso and Ariosto, i. 388.

GOUGH, the antiquary, anecdote of, iii. 319.

GRAY, loss of his MSS., ii. 451.

GROTIUS, account of his life and studies, i. 129, 130.

GRUB-STREET Journal, extract from, ii. 492; its authors, ib., note.

GUELPHS and Ghibellines, iii. 89.

GUEUX, iii. 81.

GUIBERT, foretold the French Revolution, iii. 300.

GUICCIARDINI, his history posthumous, iii. 180; first editions of his works castrated, ib.; continuation of his history by Adriani, ib.

GUILT, trials and modes of proof of, in superstitious ages, i. 161-166.

GULLIVER'S Travels, account of the first edition, i. 320, note.

HAIR, early taste in the colour of, ii. 33, and note.

HALIFAX, Marquis of, his MS. memoirs suppressed, ii. 447.

HALL, Bishop, his belief in witches, iii. 293, and note.

HALLEY, anecdote of his perseverance and sagacity, iii. 411.

HAMILTON, Elizabeth, her projected series of comparative biography, iii. 424.

HANS CARVEL, origin of Prior's story of, i. 111.

HARDI, a French tragic author, ii. 41.

HARLEQUIN, his Italian origin, ii. 117; turned into a magician by the English, ib.; the character essentially Italian, 118; treatises written on it, 121; a Roman mime, ib. and note; his classical origin, 123, note; his degeneration, 125; his renovation under the hand of Goldoni, ib.; improved into a wit in France, ib.

HARTLIBB, Samuel, a collector and publisher of manuscripts on horticulture and agriculture, ii. 153.

HARVEY, his discovery of the circulation of the blood, iii. 412.

HAZLERIGG, Sir Arthur, "an absurd bold man," a violent leader of the Rump Parliament, iii. 487.

HEART of a lover, story of, i. 233, 234.

HEAVY hours of literary men, i. 392.

HELL, Purgatory, and Heaven, topographical descriptions of, i. 202; treatises on, 204, 205.

HEMON DE LA FOSSE, a modern Polytheist, executed in 1503, i. 216.

HENRIETTA, queen of Charles I., her character, ii. 337; anecdote illustrative of, ib.; after the Restoration, 338; various descriptions of her person, ib.; her contract with the Pope, 339; account of her journey to England on her marriage, 340; her French establishment, 341; anecdote of her confessor's conduct, 342; the dismissal of her French attendants, 345; the amount of her supposed influence over her husband, 348.

HENRY the Seventh, anecdote of, ii. 10.

HENRY the Eighth, anecdote of, ii. 10; his proclamation against reading the Bible in English, iii. 373, note.

HENRY, prince, son of James I., anecdote of, iii. 186-194.

HENRY, the English historian, loose and general in his references, ii. 418.

HERETICS, a classification of, i. 350.

HERMIPPUS REDIVIVUS, a curious jeu-d'-esprit, i. 320.

HEYLIN, a popular writer, died in 1662, iii. 215; his rival biographers, 216-221; his History of the Puritans and Presbyterians, 239.

HIGH SHERIFF'S Oath, exceptions taken to, by Sir Edward Coke, iii. 446.

HISTORY, of events which have not happened, a good title for a curious book, ii. 428; speculative history of the battle of Worcester, had it terminated differently, 429; a history of this kind in Livy, ib.; subjects for, 430-438.

HISTORY of New Words.—See NEOLOGY. Of suppressed opinion, iii. 150-163; of writing masters, 167-177.

HISTORIANS, remarks on the infidelities of, i. 191; Italian, commended, iii. 177; notices of the most celebrated, 180-186; wrote for posterity, 182, 183; fate of Giannone, who published in his life-time, 185; observations on, 186.

HOLYDAY, Barton, author of the comedy "The Marriage of the Arts," ii. 43.

HOME, the author of the tragedy of "Douglas," persecuted for composing it, i. 197.

HOMER, notice of his detractors, i. 24; profound knowledge of history, geography, arts, sciences, and surgery ascribed to, 303.

HUDIBRAS, attacks upon Butler, the author of, ii. 491; various accounts of the original of the character, 492; indecency avoided in, 493; epitaph on the author of, ib.; attacks on Butler's character, 494; and vindication of, 495.

HUGH of Lincoln, legend of, iii. 145, note.

HUGUENOT, origin of the term, iii. 82.

HUME, his carelessness in research, iii. 368.

HUMPHREY, Duke, origin of the phrase "dining with," ii. 169, note.

HURD, Bishop, his proposed book of parallels, iii. 425.

HYMNS set to popular tunes, ii. 149, note.

IDLENESS punished among the ancients, i. 199, 200.

IKON BASILIKE; its probable effects had it appeared a week sooner, ii. 435.

ILIAD, in a nut-shell, i. 275.

IMAGE-BREAKERS, proclamation by Elizabeth against, iii. 375, 376.

IMITATORS, masterly, i. 258, 261.

IMITATIONS, of Cicero, i. 67; Le Brun's religious Virgil and Ovid, ib.; Sannazarius's poem de Partu Virginis, 68; Arruntius an ancient imitator of Sallust, ib.; modern, ib.; Arabian anecdote, 69.

IMITATIONS and Similarities, Poetical, various and curious instances of, ii. 92-110.

INDEPENDENTS, their intolerance, iii. 85.

INDEX, of prohibited books, ii. 216; Expurgatory, ib.; Congregation of the, ib.; reprinted by the heretics with annotations, 217; effect of, in raising the sale of books, 219.

INDEXES, Fuller's observations on, i. 72.

INFLUENCE of a name, ii. 65-75.

INGHIRAMI, and forged Etruscan antiques, iii. 307.

INIGO JONES, his excellent machinery for exhibiting masques, iii. 12, 13.

INK, inferiority of modern, ii. 29; various kinds anciently used, 30.

INQUISITION, establishment of, at Toulouse, i. 166; in Spain, 167; first proceeding of, ib.; taciturnity of the Spaniards attributed to, ib.; anecdotes concerning, 168-170; history of, by Orobio, 167.

INTEMPERANCE in study, i. 8.

INTRODUCERS of exotic flowers, fruits, &c., ii. 151, 157.

IRELAND, W. H., his Shakesperian forgeries, i. 137, note.

ISABELLA-COLOUR, origin of term, i. 217.

ITALIANS, their national genius dramatic, ii. 118.

ITALIAN HISTORIANS, iii. 177-186.

ITALIC letter, introduction of, i. 77; formerly called the Aldine, 78.

JACQUERIE, iii. 82.

JAMES the First gave credit to physiognomy, i. 149; injustice done to his character for wit, 156; distinguished as Queen James, 462; his ambassador's speech, 463; cleanliness of his court, ib.; his effeminacy, ib.; his general character, ib.; his imbecility in his amusements, 464; his pedantry, 465; account of his death, 466; results of the author's further inquiry into the character of, 467; his conduct regarding his son's expedition into Spain, ii. 2; his objections to Laud's promotion, iii. 297; his character vilified, 333; his attention to the education of his children, ib.; his conduct towards his wife, 334-337.

JAMES the Second, kept a diary, ii. 214.

JAMET L'AINE, proposes to edit a new edition of the Dictionary of Trevoux, iii. 232.

JANSENISTS, the Methodists of France, i. 373; cause a Biographical Dictionary to be compiled, devoted to their cause, in opposition to that of L'Avocat, ib.; specimens of this dictionary, 373, 374; their curses never "lapsed legacies," 375.

JERUSALEM, Arabic chronicle of, only valuable from the time of Mahomet, i. 191; several portions translated by Longuerue, ib.

JESUITS, a senate of, sent by Sigismund, King of Sweden, to represent him at Stockholm, destroyed by stratagem, i. 231-233.

JESUIT'S snuff poisoned, ii. 442, note.

JEWS of York, history of their self-destruction, ii. 75-79.

JOCULAR PREACHERS, i. 251-258.

JODELLE, Etienne, the first author of French tragedy, ii. 40.

JOHNSON, Dr., his original Memorandum of Hints for the Life of Pope, ii. 380-382.

JONSON, Ben, Fuller's character of, i. 380; his arrogance, 381; his Ode on the ill reception of his play of "The New Inn" quoted, 382; Owen Feltham's Ode in reply, 383; Randolph's Consolatory Ode to, 385; his poem on translation, ii. 501; employed on court masques, iii. 6-8, 12.

JOSEPH VELLA, pretended to have recovered seventeen of the lost books of Livy, i. 135; patronized by the king of Naples, ib.; discovered and imprisoned, 136.

JOURNALS.—See LITERARY JOURNALS.

JOURNALIST, Public, indispensable acquirements of a, i. 16.

JUDICIAL Combats, anecdotes of, i. 162, 163.

KINGS, remark of St. Chrysostom on, i. 173; willing to be aided, but not surpassed, 174; anecdotes of, ib.; observations of the Duke of Alva and of Dr. Johnson on, 176; divine honours bestowed on, 179; dethroned, 181; anecdotes of, and their families, in misfortune, 181, 182; descendants of, found among the dregs of the populace in conquered countries, 183; funeral honours paid to, by the Goths and Huns, 196.

KIRK, Colonel, original of the horrid tale of, related by Hume, iii. 148.

KISSING hands, customary among the ancients as an act of adoration, ii. 81; used by the primeval bishops, ib.; declined with Paganism, ib.; prevailed at Rome, 82; an essential duty under the emperors, ib.; practised in every known country, ib.

KNOX, John, his Machiavelian politics, iii. 242; his opinions on toleration, 251; his predictions, 277, 278.

LAMBE, Dr., a magician, murdered in the streets of London, ii. 364; fine and assessment on City companies in consequence, ib., note.

LA MOTHE LE VAYER, a great quoter, ii. 417.

LAMPS, Perpetual, i. 243; possibility of, ib.; Rosicrucians, ib.

LA RUE, i. 257.

LATIMER, Bishop, curious sermons by, i. 256, and note; his youthful history, ii. 39, note.

LATOUR DU CHATEL, a neglected contributor to the Dictionary of Trevoux, procures the mediation of the French government, iii. 231.

LAUDER, William, pretended discovery of plagiarisms of Milton, i. 137, and note.

LAUREATS, sketch of the history of, i. 454; ancient, ib.; Petrarch the first modern, ib.; degrees granted to, ib.; formula employed in granting the degree of, 455; their honours disgraced in Italy, ib.; Querno crowned in a joke, ib.; honours lavished on, by Maximilian I., 456; honours still conferred on, in Germany, ib.; unknown among the French, ib.; appointment of, in Spain, ib.; in England never solemnly crowned, 457; salary of, in England, ib.

LAZZARONI, iii. 82.

LAZZI, dramatic side-play, ii. 128.

LEAGUE, the, its pretext and its cause, iii. 142, 143.

LEARNED men, persecution of, i. 27; poverty of, 29; imprisonment of, 35; amusements of, 38.

LE CLERC, antagonist of Bayle, and author of three Bibliotheques, the Universelle et Historique, Choisie, and Ancienne et Moderne, i. 15.

LE FEVRE, Nicholas, edition of his works by Lenglet du Fresnoy, iii. 249, and note.

LEGENDS, origin of, i. 89; Golden, 90; of the Seven Sleepers, 91; account of several, 92, 93; Golden, abounds in religious indecencies, 366; of St. Mary the Egyptian, ib.

LEIBNETZ, his admiration of Barclay's Argenis, iii. 339; anecdote of, iii. 455.

LENGLET DU FRESNOY, his "Methode pour etudier l'Histoire," iii. 221; his peculiar character, ib.; history of his Methode, 222, 224, and note, ib.; his literary history, 224; a believer in alchymy, 225; his political adventures, 227.

LE KAIN, anecdote of, i. 251.

LEO the Tenth, motive of his projected alliance against the Turks, iii. 142.

L'ESTRANGE, Sir Roger, a strong party writer for Charles II., i. 159; his AEsop's Fables, 160.

LETTRES DE CACHET, invented by Father Joseph, confessor to Richelieu, iii. 196.

LIBEL, singular means used to discover the author of a, ii. 314.

LIBELS on the Duke of Buckingham, ii. 365-370.

LIBERTY of the Press, restrictions on, ii. 216-227; its freedom did not commence till 1694, 227; reflections on, 228.—See CENSORS.

LIBRARIES, i. 1; celebrated Egyptian and Roman, 1-3; public, in Italy and England, 3, 4; in France and Germany, 6, 7; use of lights in, 7; that of the Palatine Apollo destroyed by Pope Gregory VIII., 50; in Bohemia, destroyed by the Jesuits, ib.; destruction of, under Henry VIII. ib.; astronomical, in the ark of Noah, 303; Irish, before the Flood, ib.; Adams's, ib.; modern opinion on their utility, iii. 345.

LICENSERS of the Press.—See CENSORS.

LIGHTS, in public libraries, ordered in France by Charles V., i. 6; objection to, 7.

LILLY, the astrologer, notices of, i. 280-283; his great work, 282; an exquisite rogue, ib.

LIPOGRAMMATIC works, i. 293.

LIPSIUS, Justus, his opinions on toleration, iii. 253.

LITERARY Blunders, a pair of lexicographical, i. 305; instances of curious, 320-327.

LITERARY Composition, ii. 85-92.

LITERARY Controversy, specimens of Luther's mode of managing, i. 308; Calvin's conduct of, 309; Beza imitates Calvin's style in, 310; opinion of Bishop Bedell on, ib.; conduct of the fathers in, ib.; grossness used in, 311; of the Nominalists and Realists, 312.

LITERARY Fashions, ii. 113; applause given to a work supposed to be written by a celebrated man, ib.; notices of various, ib.; love all the fashion, 114; Spenser's Faerie Queen became one, ib.; the translation of Greek tragedies, a, ib.; of the seventeenth century, 115; of the time of Charles I., ib.; of Charles II., and of more modern times, ib.

LITERARY Follies, instances of various in the fantastical composition of verses, i. 293-307; strange researches made in antediluvian times to be classed with, 301-303; anecdote of a malicious one, ib.; various anecdotes concerning, 301-307.

LITERARY Forgeries, by Dr. Berkenhout, a letter from Peele to Marlow, i. 380; by George Steevens, iii. 297; history of one, 299, 300; by Horace Walpole, 302; anecdote of Steevens and Gough, 303, 304, and notes; by De Grassis, ib.; by Annius of Viterbo, 305, and mischievous consequences of, ib.; Sanchoniathon, 306; of Etruscan antiquities, ib.; the false Decretals of Isidore, 308; in the prayer-book of Columbus, ib.; in the Virgil of Petrarch, ib.; by the Duke de la Valliere, 309; by Lauder, 310; by Psalmanazar, 311.

LITERARY Friendships, ii. 55-58.

LITERARY Impositions, curious anecdotes of, i. 260, 261.

LITERARY Impostures, i. 132; by Varillas, the French historian, ib.; supposed by Gemelli Carreri, but afterwards discovered to be fact, ib.; Du Halde's account of China compiled, 133; Damberger's Travels, ib.; titles of works announced by the historiographer Paschal, his works at his death amounting to six pages, ib.; by Gregorio Leti, ib.; forgeries of Testaments Politiques, ib.; pretended translations, 134; Travels of Rabbi Benjamin, ib.; by Annius Viterbo, ib.; by Joseph Vella, who pretended to have recovered seventeen of the lost books of Livy, 135; by Medina Conde, 136; by George Psalmanazar, ib.; Lauder's, 137; Ireland's, ib.; by a learned Hindu, ib.; anecdotes concerning, 138.

LITERARY Journals, i. 12; originated with the Journal de Scavans, by Denis de Sallo, counsellor in the Parliament of Paris, 13; Nouvelles de la Republique des Lettres, published by Bayle in 1684—continued by Bernard, and afterwards by Basnage in his Histoire des Ouvrages de Scavans, 15; Le Clerc's Bibliotheques Universelle et Historique, Choisie, and Ancienne et Moderne, ib.; Apostolo Zeno's Giornale de Litterati d'Italia, ib.; Bibliotheque Germanique, 16; Bibliotheque Britannique, ib.; Journal Britannique by Dr. Maty, ib.; Review conducted by Maty, jun., 16; Memoire des Trevoux, ib.; Journal Litteraire, ib.; Memoirs of Literature and Present State of the Republic of Letters, the best early English, ib.; monthly, ib.

LOLLARDS, oath against them enforced upon sheriffs until reign of Charles I., iii. 447; repealed by the political feeling of Coke, ib.

LONGOLIUS, or Longueil, composed a biographical parallel between Budaeus and Erasmus, iii. 425.

LORENZO DE' MEDICI, effect of his death, ii. 436.

LOUIS the Eighth, singular anecdote of the cause of his death, ii. 32.

LOUIS the Eleventh, anecdote of, ii. 10, 11.

LOUIS the Twelfth, cause of his death, ii. 34.

LOUIS the Fourteenth, chose his courtiers by the rules of physiognomy, i. 148; some remarks on his real character, ii, 449; passages suppressed in his instruction to the Dauphin, 450.

LOUIS L'ABE, the Aspasia of Lyons, i. 362; wrote the morality of "Love and Folly," ib.

LOUPS-GAROUX, iii. 293.

LUCULLUS, description of the library of, i. 3.

LUKE, Sir Samuel, the true prototype of Hudibras, ii. 491, and note.

LUNSFORD, Colonel, imputed a cannibal, iii. 149, note.

LUTHER, Martin, remarks on, and extracts from, his controversial writings, i. 308, 309; caricatures on, 309, note; Jansenist character of, 374; anecdote of, from Guicciardini, ii. 479, 480; his political conduct, iii. 144.

LUYNES, Duc de, his origin, ii. 11.

LUXURY, in dress, an old dramatist's opinion on, iii. 400; doctrines of political economy concerning, 401; excessive amongst our ancestors, ib.; the Pas de Sandricourt, 402-405; ruinous in the reigns of Elizabeth, James I., and Charles I., 405.

MABBE, James, translator of "Guzman" and "Celestina," Spanish plays, ii. 501; Ben Jonson's verses in praise of, ib.

MACHIAVEL discovered the secret of comparative history, iii. 179.

MACKENZIE, Sir George, notice of his Treatise on Solitude, ii. 50.

MAD-SONG, specimen of an ancient, ii. 315.

MAGIC, instances of many learned men accused of, i. 27-29; Solomon accounted an adept in, 122.

MAGIUS, Charles, a noble Venetian, iii. 136; his travels and adventures contained in a volume of paintings, ib.; detailed description of, 137-141.

MAGLIABECHI, Anthony, celebrated for his great knowledge of books, i. 394; description of him and his mode of life, 394-397.

MAII, the discoverer of Cicero's treatise de Republica, i. 18, and note.

MAILLARD, Oliver, a famous cordelier and preacher, i. 252.

MAINE, Duc de, instituted the Journal de Trevoux, iii. 230; and the Dictionary of Trevoux, ib.

MAINTENON, Madame de, marries Scarron, i. 424; corrects his style, ib.

MALHERBE, his love of Horace, iii. 340.

MALIGNANTS, iii. 86.

MAN of one book, iii. 337-340.

MANDRAKE, i. 246.

MANNERS, anecdotes of European, ii. 30-39; domestic, among the English, 42-44.

MANUSCRIPTS, more valued by the Romans than vases of gold, i. 2; two thousand collected by Trithemius, abbot of Spanheim, who died 1516, 7; recovery of, 17-24; of the classics, disregarded and mutilated by the monks, 18; researches for, at the restoration of letters, 19; great numbers imported from Asia, 20; of Quintilian discovered by Poggio under a heap of rubbish, ib.; of Tacitus found in a Westphalian monastery, ib.; of Justinian's code found in a city of Calabria, ib.; loss of, ib.; unfair use made of by learned men, 22; anecdotes concerning, 22-25; of Galileo, partly destroyed by his wife's confessor, 28; ancient, frequently adorned with portraits of the authors, 42; destruction of, at the Reformation, 51; of Lord Mansfield destroyed in the riots of 1780, and of Dr. Priestley by the mob at Birmingham, 53; loss of many of Lady Mary Wortley Montagu's letters, 54; loss of letters addressed to Peiresc, ib.; of Leonardo da Vinci, ib.; anecdotes of manuscripts of several celebrated works, 375-377; description of the ancient adornments of, ii. 28; of Pope's versions of the Iliad and Odyssey, 110; of Sir Matthew Hale, bequeathed to Lincoln's Inn, to avoid their mutilation by the licensers of the press, 220; slaves employed to copy, 398; of the Vision of Alberico, preserved in the king's library at Paris, 422: of Galileo's annotations on Tasso, 444; destruction of Hugh Broughton's, by Speed, 445; destruction of Leland's, by Polydore Vergil, ib.; dilapidation of the Harleian, 446; suppression of one relating to Sixtus IV. by Fabroni, ib.; of the Marquis of Halifax suppressed, 447; Earl of Pulteney's and Earl of Anglesea's MS. Memoirs suppressed, ib.; anecdotes of the suppression of various, 448-452; mutilators of, 448; of Oldys's, iii. 493.

MARANA, John Paul, author of the Turkish Spy, i. 377-379.

MARBLES, presenting representations of natural forms, i. 244-247.

MARE CLAUSUM, written by Selden in answer to the Mare Liberum of Grotius, ii. 80; copies preserved in the chest of the Exchequer and in the Court of Admiralty, ib.

MARIONETTES, improved by the English, iii. 238.

MARLBOROUGH, the great Duke of (See BLENHEIM), account of his wealth, iii. 108.

MAROLLES, Abbe de, a most egregious scribbler, i. 350; wrote his own memoirs, 351; good advice in the postscript to the epistle dedicatory of that work, ib.; his memoirs, ii. 538; anecdote of him and De L'Etang, a critic, 539; notices of his voluminous works, ib.; his magnificent collection of prints, 541.

MAROT, Clement, his character, ii. 474; his translation of the Psalms, ib.; sung to the airs of popular ballads, 476; his Psalms the fashion, 477; edition published by Theodore Beza, set to music, ib.; his Psalms declared Lutheran, and himself forced to fly to Geneva, ib.

MAR-PRELATE, the book suppressed, ii. 453.

MASKS, worn by Italian actors, ii. 124.

MASSINGER a student of the Italian drama, ii. 138.

MASQUES, notices of magnificent, in the time of Charles I., ii. 327; the farewell masque of the Duke of Buckingham, 369; mistaken notions of commentators regarding, iii. 5; their real nature, 7, 8, 9; description of the masque of Night and the Hours, 10; their ultimate ruin, by their splendour, at the court of Louis XIV., 13, note.

MASSILLON, i. 250.

MASTER of the Ceremonies, created by James the First, ii. 196.

MASTERLY IMITATORS, i. 258-261.

MATRIMONY, its suitableness to learned men considered, i. 332-334; opinions of Sir Thomas Browne upon, 335; not borne out by his practice, ib.

MAXIMILIAN the First, founds a poetical college at Vienna, i. 456.

MEALS, hours of, ii. 315.

MEDAL, struck by the Catholics to commemorate the massacre of the Huguenots, iii. 249.

MEDALS, satiric, used as money in the Saturnalia, iii. 151; modern applications of, 158-160.

MEDICINE and Morals, considerations on their connection, ii. 464-469; connection of the mind with the body, 470.

MEDINA CONDE, forges deeds and inscriptions to benefit the Church, i. 136; sold a bracelet to the Morocco ambassador, as part of the treasure of the last Moorish king, yet in fact fabricated by himself, ib.

MEMOIRS, remarks on their interest as compared with history, i. 462.

MENDELSSOHN, anecdote of, i. 392.

MENDICITY, punished among the Jews and nations of antiquity, i. 199, 200; first made a trade of by liberated Christian slaves, 201; punishment of in China, 202.

MENOT, Michael, a celebrated preacher, specimen of his sermons, i. 256.

MENTAL DISORDERS, singular mode of cure of, ii. 466; remarkable anecdotes of, 468-470.

METEMPSYCHOSIS, doctrines of, advocated in the present age, i. 192; notion long extant in Greece before the time of Pythagoras, ib.; taught by the Egyptians, ib.; entertained by many Eastern nations and by the Druids, ib.; Welsh system of, explained by Sharon Turner, 193; believed in Mexico, 194; Plutarch's description of, ib.

MICHAEL ANGELO, anecdote of, i. 258.

MIGNARD, a celebrated painter, curious anecdote concerning, i. 258, 259.

MILTON, his controversy with Salmasius and Morus conducted with mutual revilings, i. 152, 153; absurdly criticised by Bentley, 370-373; indebted to Andreini for the first idea of Paradise Lost, ii. 141; his works suffered at the hands of both Royalist and Republican licensers, 223; his Areopagitica, 225; a passage in his History of England suppressed, but preserved in a pamphlet, 448; his Comus escaped the destruction of the Bridgewater papers, 451; the story of him and the Italian lady, probably an invention of George Steevens, iii. 299; copied from a French story purporting to be of the 15th century, 300.

MILLINERS'bills, ancient and modern, ii. 39.

MIMES, Arch-mime followed the body of Vespasian at his funeral, iii. 120.

MIMI, an impudent race of buffoons, ii. 120; harlequin, a Roman mime, 121, and note.

MINISTERS, origin of the term as applied to the pastors of Christian churches, i. 128; palaces built by, notices of several, iii. 186-192; Sir Robert Walpole's remarks on the imprudence of their erecting such, 193; yet builds one himself, ib.

MINSTRELS, ancient and modern, pickpockets, ii. 146, note.

MISHNA, see TALMUD.

MISSALS, gross adornments of, i. 366.

MODERN stories and plots, many derived from the East, i. 111, 112.

MODES of salutation in various nations, ii. 12.

MONK, General, anecdote of him and his wife, i. 468; his conduct towards Charles II. at his landing, iii. 389.

MONTAGU, Lady Mary Wortley, suppression of her MSS., ii. 450.

MONTFLEURY, a French actor, death of, i. 248.

MONTLUC, Bishop of Valence, his negotiations for the election of the Duke of Anjou as King of Poland, iii. 349-362.

MORALIITIES, see MYSTERIES and MORALITIES.

MORALITY of "Every Man," referred by Percy to the class of tragedy, ii. 278.

MORE, Doctor, his extravagant Platonic opinions, i. 216.

MORUS, controversy of Salmasius with Milton, continued by, with mutual abuse, i. 153.

MUSIC, use of, in discovering indispositions by the voice, i. 151; influence of, in the cure of diseases, 269-271; effect of, on animals, 272-274.

MUTILATIONS commonly practised in the middle ages, ii. 311.

MYSTERIES, ANCIENT, bibliographical note of such as are printed, i. 352, note; one still performed in Bavaria, i. 360, note.

MYSTERIES and Moralities introduced by pilgrims, i. 352; subsequently distinguished characters actors in, 353; performed in open plains, ib.; indulgence granted to frequenters of, ib.; at Chester, ib.; singular anecdotes concerning a mystery, 354; specimens from French mysteries, 355; observations of Bayle and Warton on, 357; distinguished from each other, ib.; specimen of a morality, 358; moralities allegorical dramas, ib.; passion of Rene d'Anjou for, 360; triple stage used for representation of, 361; anecdote relating to an English mystery, ib.; morality of "Love and Folly," 362; at Kendal, Yorkshire, iii. 442; usually performed in the festival of Corpus Christi, ib., note.

NAMES, anecdotes relating to, and to their effect on mankind, ii. 65-75; orthography of proper, ii. 237-239; names of our streets, 239-243.

NAMES, significance of Roman, ii. 75, note.

NARDI, his history of Florence, iii. 181.

NATURAL PRODUCTIONS resembling artificial compositions, i. 244-246.

NEAL, his account of the Nonconformists, iii. 240.

NEEDHAM, Marchmont, the great patriarch of newspaper writers, i. 158; short account of, ib.

NEOLOGY, or the novelty of new words and phrases, remarks on, iii. 23; Neological Dictionary proposed by Lord Chesterfield, 26; not always to be condemned, 27; examples of the introduction of various new words in French and English, 28-32; the term "fatherland" introduced by the author, 31; picturesque words, 32.

NERLI, Philip, his "Commentarj de Fatti Civili," iii. 182.

NEWCASTLE, Margaret, Duchess of, celebrated among literary wives, i. 327-337; her account of her husband's mode of life, ii. 38, 39.

NEWSPAPERS, forged, and used unsuspectingly by historians, i. 156, note.

NEWSPAPERS, originated in Italy, i. 155; called Gazettas, ib.; first a Venetian, published monthly, ib.; circulated in manuscript, ib.; prohibited by Gregory XIII., ib.; first English, 156; much used by the English during the Civil Wars of Cromwell, and notices of these, 157-159; origin of, in France, 160; first daily one after the Restoration, ib.; only one daily, in the reign of Queen Anne, ib.; union between them and literary periodicals, opinions expressed on, ib.

NEWTON, remarks on, iii. 413.

NICCOLI, Nicholas, founded the first public library in Italy, i. 4.

NICKNAMES, use of, practised by political parties, iii. 80; instances of many, 81-89; serve to heat the minds of the people, 83; of various Parliaments, 85; effect of, on ministers, 89.

NOBILITY, conduct of kings towards, ii. 11, 12.

NOBLEMEN turned critics, pair of anecdotes concerning, i. 131.

NOMINALISTS and Realists, i. 312.

NOSTRODAMUS, consulted by Catherine de' Medici, i. 279.

NOVELS, the successors of romances, i. 450; Adam Smith's favourable opinion of, ib.

NUMERICAL Figures, of Indian origin, i. 276; introduction of Arabic, 277; Roman, ib.; origin of Roman, ib.; falsification of Arabic, 278.

OBSCURITY, in style, taught by a professor, i. 401; Lycophron possessed this taste, 402; defence of, by Thomas Anglus, ib.; Gravina's observations on, ib.

OLD AGE, progress of, in new studies, i. 98; remark of Adam Smith, on resumption of former studies in, ib.

OLDYS, a literary antiquary, iii. 493; caricature of, by Grose, 495; released from the fleet by the Duke of Norfolk, and made Norroy King at Arms, ib., and note; author of the anacreontic, "Busy, curious, thirsty fly," 496; placed in the library of the Earl of Oxford, 497; his integrity, ib., and note; his literary labours, 497-499; his life of Rawleigh, 499; history of his two annotated copies of Langbaine, 502; fate of his MSS., 503; his diaries, 504; his readiness to aid others with his knowledge, 506; his Dissertation on English Poetry curtailed by the bookseller, 507; extracts from his diaries, 508-511; his intended Life of Shakspeare, 509; anecdote of him and Pope, 511.

OLIVETAN Bible, iii. 155.

OPINIONS, suppressed, modes of expressing them in ancient and modern times, iii. 150; in the Saturnalia, ib.; by carvings and illuminations, 152; preceding the Reformation, 153; instance of the Olivetan Bible, 155; by medals and prints, 156.

ORCHIS, Bee and Fly, i. 245.

ORDEALS, i. 161-166.

ORDINARIES, the "Hells" of the 17th century, ii. 165; description of the arts practised at, 165-167.

OROBIO, his description of his imprisonment in the Inquisition, i. 167.

ORTHOGRAPHY of proper names, ii. 261; of the name of Shakespeare, ii. 238, note; of Sir Walter Raleigh, iii. 111.

OSMAN, Sultan, promotes his gardener, ii. 10.

OXFORD, Edward Vere, Earl of, his secret history, ii. 243-245.

PALACES built by ministers, iii. 186-192.

PALINGENESIS.—See REGENERATION.

PALMER, the actor, his death, i. 249.

PAMPHLETS, sketch of Myles Davis's history of, i. 343; origin and rise of, 344; one pretended to have been composed by Jesus Christ, ib.; Alexander Pope denounced as a plotter in a, 345; etymologies of the word, 345-347.

PANTOMIME, French verses in praise of, and translation of, ii. 116; Cervantes and Bayle's delight in, 116, 117; harlequin, 119; of the lower Italians in their gestures, ib.; treatises on, 121; transmitted from the Romans, 123; improvement of, by Ruzzante, 124; the history of a people traced in, 125; description of the various characters in Italian, 126.

PANTOMIMI, tragic actors usually mute, ii. 120; Seneca's taste for, ib.; their influence over the Roman people, 121.

PANTOMIMICAL Characters. See PANTOMIME; Massinger and Moliere indebted to, ii. 138; remarks on Shakspeare's "Pantaloon," 139.

PAPER, among the ancients, ii. 27, 28; introduction into England, 29; various sorts of modern, ib.

PARACELSUS, his receipt for making a fairy, iii. 286, 287.

PARADISE LOST, prose and verse versions of, i. 305.

PARISIAN Massacre, apology for, iii. 255-260, 352.

PARK, Mungo, his book interpolated and altered by his editor, Bryan Edwards, ii. 453.

PARKER, Bishop of Oxford, iii. 279, note.

PARODIES, anecdote relating to, ii. 453; resembles mimicry, 454; not made in derision, ib.; practised by the ancients, 455; ancient, of Homer, ib.; modern, 456; dramatic, anecdotes of modern, 458-460; legitimate use of, ib.

PARPAILLOTS, or Parpirolles, iii. 82.

PARTICULAR Providence, various opinions on, ii. 428-431; the granting a free-conduct to Luther, by Charles V., possibly one, 432.

PASQUIN and Marforio, account of, i. 208.

PASQUINADES, origin of, and instances of several, i. 208.

PATRONS, their treatment of authors, i. 82; anecdotes regarding, 83, 84; opinion of Dr. Johnson upon, 83.

PAULUS JOVIUS, description of the country-house and collections of statues, books, and portraits belonging to, i. 45; description of the villa built by, iii. 397.

PAZZI, Cavaliero, founder of the Accademia Colombaria, ii. 483.

PEG-TANKARDS, ii. 296, and note.

PEIRESC, a man of incessant literary occupations, and an enthusiast in the importation of exotic plants, ii. 151; anecdotes of, iii. 409.

PEMBROKE, Anne, Countess of, designed a history of her family, iii. 421.

PERFUMERY and costly washes, introduced into England by the Earl of Oxford, i. 225.

PETITIONS, to Parliament against the Drama, ii. 289; mock, ib.

PETITIONERS and Abhorrers, iii. 87.

PETRACH, formula used at his coronation with the Laurel Crown, i. 455; his passion for literary composition, ii. 592; his Laura, iii. 309.

PICTORIAL Biography.—See MAGIUS.

PISISTRATUS, the first projector amongst the Greeks of a collection of the works of the learned, i. 2.

PHILIP the First of Spain, i. 469; his marriage with Mary of England, ib.; sought Queen Elizabeth in marriage, 470; offered himself to three different sisters-in-law, ib.; his advice to his son, ib.; his death-bed, ib.; his epitaph, 471.

PHILOSOPHY, dreams at the dawn of, iii. 280-290; mechanical fancies, 291, 292; inquiries after prodigies, 293; further anecdotes of, 294-296.

PHYSIOGNOMY, credited by Louis XIV. and James I., i. 148, 149.

PICART, his impostures innocentes, i. 259.

PICTURES belonging to Charles I., ii. 332, 333.

PINAMONTI, his book on the eternal punishments, i. 204, note.

PINELLI, his great library, and its partial destruction, i. 57, and note.

PLAGIARISM, in printed sermons, i. 400; a professor of, ib.

PLANTS, presenting representations of natural forms, i. 245.

PLANTYN the printer, and his office at Antwerp, i. 77, note.

PLATINA, his account of his persecution and tortures, for having been a member of the "Academy" at Rome, ii. 486.

PLATO, Aristotle studied under, i. 143; parallel between him and Aristotle, ib.; contest between him and Aristotle, 144; the model of the moderns who profess to be anti-poetical, 433; a true poet himself, ib.

PLATONISM, modern, originated among the Italians, i. 213; system of, by Gemisthus Pletho, ib.; professed by a Mr. Thomas Taylor, 215; by a scholar in the reign of Louis XII., 216; by Dr. More, ib.

PLETHO, or Gemisthus, a remarkable modern professor of Platonism, i. 213.

PLATTS or Plots, theatrical discovery of curious ones at Dulwich College, and remarks upon, ii. 138-140; see SCENARIO.

PLOTT, Dr., his project of a tour, iii. 292.

PLUNDER, etymology of, iii. 87, and note.

POETS, Plato's description of the feelings of, in the Phaedon, i. 433; opinions of various learned men on the works of, 433; remarks on the habits of, 434, 435; behaviour of Frederic King of Prussia (father of the Great Frederic) to, 436; different conduct of other kings towards, 437; honours paid to, in the early stage of poetry, ib.; anecdote of Margaret of Scotland and Alain the poet, 438; opinions of the pious on the works of, ib.; too frequently merely poets, 439; hints to young, 440; to veteran, ib.; mistresses of, 441; change their opinions of their productions, ib.; antiquity of the custom of crowning, 454; abolished in the reign of Theodosius, ib.; regal, 457; condemned, ii. 303-308; laureat, see LAUREATS.

POETICAL GARLAND, i. 247.

POETICAL imitations and similarities, ii. 92-113.

POINT-DEVICE, etymology of, iii. 188, and note.

POLAND, history of the election of the Duke of Anjou as King of, iii. 346-363.

POLICHINELLO.—See PUNCH.

POLITIAN, Angelo, a polished Italian writer of the 15th century, i. 457; his dedicatory epistle, prefixed to his epistles, 458.

POLITICAL Nicknames, iii. 80-90.

POLITICAL Reports, false maxim on the efficacy of, ii. 438; ancient instances, ib.; of the battle of Lutzen, 439; on the battle of the Boyne, ib.; other anecdotes, modern and ancient, of the effect of, 440-443.

POLITICAL Religionism, illustrations of its effects, iii. 238-244.

POLITICAL Prognostics.—See PREDICTIONS. Dugdale hastened his labours in anticipation of the disorders of the Rebellion, iii. 261.

POLITICAL Parallels, iii. 267.

POLYDORE VERGIL, a destroyer of MSS., ii. 445.

POMPONIUS LAETUS, in the 15th century raised altars to Romulus, ii. 485; chief of the "Academy" at Rome, 486.

POPE, his manuscripts, ii. 110; passage from, with the various alterations, 111, 112; Dr. Johnson's memorandum of hints for the life of, 381; anecdote of, iii. 397.

POPE, project of the, for placing a cardinal on the throne of England, ii. 505; favoured by Henry IV., ib.

POPES, their early humility and subsequent arrogance, ii. 83; Celestine kicks off the crown of the Emperor Henry the Sixth, ib.; their infallibility first asserted, ib.; protest of the University of Vienna against, 84; their excommunications, ib.

PORTA, John Baptiste and John Vincent, found the academy "Degli Oziosi," ii. 488; Baptiste's mechanical genius, iii. 290.

PORTRAITS, of authors, of celebrated men, i. 42-47; of the Fugger family, 6; commonly prefixed to ancient manuscripts, 42; collections of, amongst the ancients, 43; query upon the mode of their transmission and their correctness, ib.; use of, ib.; anecdotes relative to the effect of, 45; objections of ingenious men to sit for, reprobated, 46; Granger's illustrations of, 45; Perrault's "Eloges" confined to French, ib.; collection by Paulus Jovius, ib.; doubts as to authenticity of several, ib.; literary, of himself, by St. Evremond, 102; in minute writing, 275.

PORT ROYAL SOCIETY, the, i. 94; their Logic, or The Art of Thinking, an admirable work, ib.; account of its rise and progress, 95; many families of rank erected houses there, ib.; persecuted and destroyed by the Jesuits, 96; their writings fixed the French language, ib.

POSIES on rings, iii. 39, note.

POVERTY, abridgment of history of, by Morin, i. 198; regulations regarding, among the Jews, ib.; among the Greeks, Romans, and Egyptians, 199; uncommon among the ancients, 201; introduction of hospitals for the relief of, ib.

PRAYER-BOOKS, gross illustrations of, i. 366.

PREACHERS, jocular, i. 251-258.

PREDICTION, political and moral, determined by certain prognostics, iii. 260; of the Reformation by Cardinal Julian, Sir Thomas More, and Erasmus, 262; by Sir Walter Rawleigh, 263; of Tacitus, ib.; of Solon, 264; of Charlemagne, ib.; Cicero's art of, ib.; faculty of, possessed by Du Vair, 265; principles of, revealed by Aristotle, 266; by Mr. Coleridge, 268; of the French Revolution, 269, 270; frequently false, 272; anecdotes, 273; of the end of the world, ib., note; of the destruction of London in 1750, ib., note; of American independence, 274; sometimes condemned as false when really verified, 275; caution to be observed in, 276; instances of, by Knox, 277; of the death of Henry IV., ib.; reflections on, 278, 279.

PREFACES, frequently superior to the work, i. 71; a volume of, always kept ready by Cicero, ib.; ought to be dated, 72; anecdote of Du Clos' to a fairy tale, ii. 340.

PREFERMENT, anecdotes of, ii. 12.

PRESBYTERIANS, their conduct under Charles II., iii. 240; their intolerance, 254.

PRESS-MONEY, proposition that those who refused it should be tried by martial law, iii. 462, and note.

PRICE, Robert, a Welsh lawyer, incidents in his life, iii. 422.

PRIMERO, a game at cards described, ii. 166, note.

PRINCE HENRY, son of James I., resembled Henry V. in his features, ii. 186; Dr. Birch's life of, 187; anecdotes concerning, 187-194; his diary, 207.

PRINTING, art of, possessed by the Romans without being aware of it, i. 43, and note; probably originated in China, ib., and note; general account of early, 73-78.

PRINTERS, mention of early, i. 75.

PRINTS, satiric, iii. 160.

PROCLAMATIONS, against long swords and deep ruffs, i. 222; royal, against buildings in London, iii. 365; to enforce a country residence, 367; never possessed the force of laws, 366; of Henry VIII., 372; of Mary, 373; of Edward VI., 374; of Elizabeth, 375; of James I., 376; of Charles I., 377; of Charles II. against vicious, debauched, and profane persons, ib.; others by Charles II., 379.

PROFESSION, the choice of one and its influence on the mind, with some illustrative anecdotes, ii. 461-463.

PROPER names, orthography of, the uncertainty of, ii. 237; anecdotes and instances of, 237-243.

PROTESTANTISM, once existed in Spain, ii. 434.

PROVERBS, use of, derided by Lord Chesterfield, iii. 33; records of the populace, 34; existed before books, ib.; abound in the most ancient writers, ib.; "the dark sayings of the wise," 35; introduced into the Greek drama, 36; definition of, 38; influence of, over a whole people, ib.; collection of, by Franklin, ib.; inscribed on furniture, ib.; English, collected by Heywood, 39; a speech of, 40; an era of, amongst the English, 41; long favourites in France, ib.; comedy of, ib.; family, 42; ancient examples of the use of, 43; some, connected with the characters of eminent men, 44; use of, by poets, ib.; Eastern origin of many, 45; collection of, by Polydore Vergil and Erasmus, of Spanish by Fernandez Nunes, of Italian and French, English and Scotch, 46, 47; study of, 48; illustrative of national character, 48-56; anecdotes of the origin of certain, 56-61; historical, 61; remarks on the arrangement of collections of, 63.

PRYNNE, his method of composition, ii. 534; his extraordinary perseverance, ib.; title of the catalogue of his writings, 535; copy of his works bequeathed to Sion College, ib.; the pretended retractation of his Histriomastix, iii. 315, note.

PSALM-SINGING, remarks on, ii. 472; first introduction of, ib.; T. Warton's criticism of, 473; history of, 473-478; practised at lord mayor's feasts, 479.

PSALMANAZAR, his extraordinary literary forgery, i. 137, note; iii. 311; some account of, 312-314.

PUCK, the Commentator.—See STEEVENS.

PULTENEY, Earl of Bath, MS. Memoirs of, suppressed, ii. 447.

PUNCH, his ancient origin, ii. 122, and note; origin of his name, ib., note.

PUNCHINELLO.—See PUNCH.

PUNNING, in a dictionary, i. 305.

PUNS, Cicero's, i. 69.

PUPPET-SHOWS in England, iii. 238.

PURGATORY, Cardinal Bellarmin's treatise on, i. 204.

PURITANS, turn bacchanalian songs into spiritual ones, ii. 148.