19. He is a good hunter, but his wife is a Methodist.

20. Going up the street I saw the strangest-looking man.

21. James speaks German fluently, and he did not begin to study it until last year.

22. On returning to the deck, the sea assumed a very different aspect.



V. LIST OF SYNONYMS

Abandon, cast off, desert, forswear, quit, renounce, withdraw from.

Abate, decrease, diminish, mitigate, moderate.

Abhor, abominate, detest, dislike, loathe.

Abiding, enduring, lasting, permanent, perpetual.

Ability, capability, capacity, competency, efficacy, power.

Abolish, annul, eradicate, exterminate, obliterate, root out, wipe out.

Abomination, curse, evil, iniquity, nuisance, shame.

Absent, absent-minded, absorbed, abstracted, oblivious, preoccupied.

Absolve, acquit, clear.

Abstemiousness, abstinence, frugality, moderation, sobriety, temperance.

Absurd, ill-advised, ill-considered, ludicrous, monstrous, paradoxical, preposterous, unreasonable, wild.

Abundant, adequate, ample, enough, generous, lavish, plentiful.

Accomplice, ally, colleague, helper, partner.

Active, agile, alert, brisk, bustling, energetic, lively, supple.

Actual, authentic, genuine, real.

Address, adroitness, courtesy, readiness, tact.

Adept, adroit, deft, dexterous, handy, skillful.

Adequate, adjoining, bordering, near, neighboring.

Admire, adore, respect, revere, venerate.

Admit, allow, concede, grant, suffer, tolerate.

Admixture, alloy.

Adverse, disinclined, indisposed, loath, reluctant, slow, unwilling.

Aerial, airy, animated, ethereal, frolicsome.

Affectation, cant, hypocrisy, pretense, sham.

Affirm, assert, avow, declare, maintain, state.

Aged, ancient, antiquated, antique, immemorial, old, venerable.

Air, bearing, carriage, demeanor.

Akin, alike, identical.

Alert, on the alert, sleepless, wary, watchful.

Allay, appease, calm, pacify.

Alliance, coalition, compact, federation, union, fusion.

Allude, hint, imply, insinuate, intimate, suggest.

Allure, attract, cajole, coax, inveigle, lure.

Amateur, connoisseur, novice, tyro.

Amend, better, mend, reform, repair.

Amplify, develop, expand, extend, unfold, widen.

Amusement, diversion, entertainment, pastime.

Anger, exasperation, petulance, rage, resentment.

Animal, beast, brute, living creature, living organism.

Answer, rejoinder, repartee, reply, response, retort.

Anticipate, forestall, preclude, prevent.

Apiece, individually, severally, separately.

Apparent, clear, evident, obvious, tangible, unmistakable.

Apprehend, comprehend, conceive, perceive, understand.

Arraign, charge, cite, impeach, indict, prosecute, summon.

Arrogance, haughtiness, presumption, pride, self-complacency, superciliousness, vanity.

Artist, artificer, artisan, mechanic, operative, workman.

Artless, boorish, clownish, hoidenish, rude, uncouth, unsophisticated.

Assent, agree, comply.

Assurance, effrontery, hardihood, impertinence, impudence, incivility, insolence, officiousness, rudeness.

Atom, grain, scrap, particle, shred, whit.

Atrociousness, barbaric, barbarous, brutal, merciless.

Attack, assault, infringement, intrusion, onslaught.

Attain, accomplish, achieve, arrive at, compass, reach, secure.

Attempt, endeavor, essay, strive, try, undertake.

Attitude, pose, position, posture.

Attribute, ascribe, assign, charge, impute.

Axiom, truism.

Baffle, balk, bar, check, embarrass, foil, frustrate, hamper, hinder, impede, retard, thwart.

Banter, burlesque, drollery, humor, jest, raillery, wit, witticism.

Beg, plead, press, urge.

Beguile, divert, enliven, entertain, occupy.

Bewilderment, confusion, distraction, embarrassment, perplexity.

Bind, fetter, oblige, restrain, restrict.

Blaze, flame, flare, flash, flicker, glare, gleam, gleaming, glimmer, glitter, light, luster, shimmer, sparkle.

Blessed, hallowed, holy, sacred, saintly.

Boasting, display, ostentation, pomp, pompousness, show.

Brave, adventurous, bold, courageous, daring, dauntless, fearless, gallant, heroic, undismayed.

Bravery, coolness, courage, gallantry, heroism.

Brief, concise, pithy, sententious, terse.

Bring over, convince, induce, influence, persuade, prevail upon, win over.

Calamity, disaster, misadventure, mischance, misfortune, mishap.

Candid, impartial, open, straightforward, transparent, unbiased, unprejudiced, unreserved.

Candor, frankness, truth, veracity.

Caprice, humor, vagary, whim.

Caricature, burlesque, parody, travesty.

Catch, capture, clasp, clutch, grip, secure.

Cause, consideration, design, end, ground, motive, object, reason, purpose.

Caution, discretion, prudence.

Censure, criticism, rebuke, reproof, reprimand, reproach.

Character, constitution, disposition, reputation, temper, temperament.

Characteristic, peculiarity, property, singularity, trait.

Chattering, garrulous, loquacious, talkative.

Cheer, comfort, delight, ecstasy, gayety, gladness, gratification, happiness, jollity, satisfaction.

Churlish, crusty, gloomy, gruff, ill-natured, morose, sour, sullen, surly.

Class, circle, clique, coterie.

Cloak, cover, gloss over, mitigate, palliate, screen.

Cloy, sate, satiate, satisfy, surfeit.

Commit, confide, consign, intrust, relegate.

Compassion, forbearance, lenience, mercy.

Compassionate, gracious, humane.

Complete, consummate, faultless, flawless, perfect.

Confirm, corroborate.

Conflicting, discordant, discrepant, incongruous, mismated.

Confused, discordant, miscellaneous, various.

Conjecture, guess, suppose, surmise.

Conscious, aware, certain.

Consequence, issue, outcome, outgrowth, result, sequel, upshot.

Continual, continuous, incessant, unbroken, uninterrupted.

Credible, conceivable, likely, presumable, probable, reasonable.

Customary, habitual, normal, prevailing, usual, wonted.

Damage, detriment, disadvantage, harm, hurt, injury, prejudice.

Dangerous, formidable, terrible.

Defame, deprecate, disparage, slander, vilify.

Defile, infect, soil, stain, sully, taint, tarnish.

Deleterious, detrimental, hurtful, harmful, mischievous, pernicious, ruinous.

Delicate, fine, minute, refined, slender.

Delightful, grateful, gratifying, refreshing, satisfying.

Difficult, hard, laborious, toilsome, trying.

Digress, diverge, stray, swerve, wander.

Disown, disclaim, disavow, recall, renounce, repudiate, retract.

Dispose, draw, incline, induce, influence, move, prompt, stir.

Earlier, foregoing, previous, preliminary.

Effeminate, feminine, womanish, womanly.

Emergency, extremity, necessity.

Empty, fruitless, futile, idle, trifling, unavailing, useless, vain, visionary.

Erudition, knowledge, profundity, sagacity, sense, wisdom.

Eternal, imperishable, interminable, perennial, perpetual, unfailing.

Excuse, pretense, pretext, subterfuge.

Exemption, immunity, liberty, license, privilege.

Explicit, express.

Faint, faint-hearted, faltering, half-hearted, irresolute, languid, listless, purposeless.

Faithful, loyal, stanch, trustworthy, trusty.

Fanciful, fantastic, grotesque, imaginative, visionary.

Fling, gibe, jeer, mock, scoff, sneer, taunt.

Flock, bevy, brood, covey, drove, herd, litter, pack.

Fluctuate, hesitate, oscillate, vacillate, waver.

Folly, imbecility, senselessness, stupidity.

Grief, melancholy, regret, sadness, sorrow.

Hale, healthful, healthy, salutary, sound, vigorous.

Ignorant, illiterate, uninformed, uninstructed, unlettered, untaught.

Impulsive, involuntary, spontaneous, unbidden, voluntary, willing.

Indispensable, inevitable, necessary, requisite, unavoidable.

Inquisitive, inquiring, intrusive, meddlesome, peeping, prying.

Intractable, perverse, petulant, ungovernable, wayward, willful.

Irritation, offense, pique, resentment.

Probably, presumably.

Reliable, trustworthy, trusty.

Remnant, trace, token, vestige.

Requite, repay, retaliate, satisfy.

VI. LIST OF WORDS FOR EXERCISES IN WORD USAGE

Ability, capacity.

Accept, except.

Acceptance, acceptation.

Access, accession.

Accredit, credit.

Act, action.

Admire, like.

Admittance, admission.

Advance, advancement, progress, progression.

Affect, effect.

After, afterward.

Aggravating, irritating, provoking, exasperating.

Allege, maintain

Allow, guess, think.

Allusion, illusion, delusion.

Almost, most, mostly.

Alone, only.

Alternate, choice.

Among, between.

Amount, number, quantity.

Angry, mad.

Apparently, evidently.

Apt, likely, liable.

Arise, rise.

At, in.

Avocation, vocation.

Awfully, very.

Balance, rest, remainder.

Begin, commence.

Beside, besides.

Both, each, every.

Bring, fetch.

By, with.

Calculate, intend.

Carry, bring, fetch.

Casuality, casualty.

Character, reputation.

Claim, assert.

Clever, pleasant.

College, university, school.

Completeness, completion.

Compliment, complement.

Confess, admit.

Construe, construct.

Contemptible, contemptuous.

Continual, continuous.

Convince, convict.

Council, counsel.

Couple, pair.

Credible, creditable, credulous.

Custom, habit.

Deadly, deathly.

Decided, decisive.

Decimate, destroy.

Declare, assert.

Degrade, demean.

Depot, station, R.R.

Discover, invent.

Drive, ride.

Each other, any other, one another.

Emigration, immigration, migration.

Enormity, enormousness.

Estimate, esteem.

Exceptional, exceptionable.

Expect, suppose.

Falseness, falsity.

Fly, flee.

Funny, odd.

Grant, give.

Habit, practice.

Haply, happily.

Healthy, healthful, wholesome.

Human, humane.

Lady, woman.

Last, latest, preceding.

Learn, teach.

Lease, hire.

Less, fewer.

Lie, lay.

Loan, lend.

Love, like.

Mad, angry.

Majority, plurality.

Manly, mannish.

May, can.

Mutual, common.

Necessities, necessaries.

Nice, pleasant, attractive.

Noted, notorious.

Observation, observance.

Official, officious.

Oral, verbal.

Part, portion.

Partly, partially.

Persecute, prosecute.

Person, party.

Practicable, practical.

Prescribe, proscribe.

Prominent, predominant.

Purpose, propose.

Quite, very, rather.

Relation, relative.

Repair, mend.

Requirement, requisite.

Rise, raise.

Scholar, pupil, student.

Sensible of, sensitive to.

Series, succession.

Settle, locate.

Sewage, sewerage.

Shall, will.

Should, would.

Sit, set.

Splendid, elegant.

Statement, assertion.

Statue, statute, stature.

Stay, stop.

Team, carriages.

Transpire, happen.

Verdict, testimony.

Without, unless.

Womanly, womanish.

INDEX

Abbott. Action: observation of. Actuality: in argument. Adams. Adjectives. Advantages: of expressing ideas gained from experience; of imaginative theme writing. Adverbs. Agreement. Allen, Elizabeth A. Allen, James Lane. Ambiguity. Analogy: argument from. Antithesis. Apostrophe: rule for; as figure of speech. Argument: purpose of; use of explanation in; by stating advantages and disadvantages; by use of specific instances; refutation or indirect; differs from exposition; clear thinking essential; by inference; from cause; from sign; from example; from analogy; differs from persuasion; with persuasion. Argumentative themes. Arnold. Arrangement: see coherence; in argument; summary of. Attendant circumstances: argument from. Authority: appeals to in argument. Auxiliary verbs. Ayton.

Bagley. Baldwin. Ballad. Bancroft. Belief: necessity in debate; establishing a general theory; basis of. Beveridge. Biography. Blank verse. Boardman. Bourdillon. Bowles. Bradley. Brief. Brown. Browning. Bryant. Budgell. Burke. Burns. Burroughs. Byron.

Cable. Camp. Capitals. Cary. Case. Cause and effect: development of paragraph by use of; development of composition by use of; use in exposition; use in argument. Cautions and suggestions: use of figures of speech; in debating; use of pronouns; use of adjectives; use of verbs; use of adverbs; prepositions. Character sketch. Choice of words: adapted to reader; as to meaning; simple. Clark. Classification. Clauses: restrictive and non-restrictive. Clearness. Climax: in narration; in argument; as figure of speech. Coherence: definition; in outline; in composition; arrangement of details; arrangement of facts in exposition; aided by outline; in argument; in sentences. Coleridge. Colon: rules for. Colton. Comma: rules for. Comparison: as an aid to formation of images; development of a paragraph by; definitions supplemented by; as a method of developing a composition; as an aid in establishing fundamental image; as an aid to effectiveness in description; use in exposition; analogy; of adjectives; of adverbs. Complete and incomplete verbs. Composition: kinds of; general principles of. Conclusion. Conjugation. Conjunctions. Connolly. Connor. Constructions: of nouns; of personal pronouns; of relative pronouns; of adjectives. Contrast: development of a paragraph by; development of a composition by; use in exposition. Conversation. Cooper. Copeland-Rideout. Correction of themes.

Darwin. Dash: rules for. Debate: value of; statement of question; necessity of belief; order of presentation; cautions. Deductive reasoning: errors of. Definition: by synonym; by use of simpler words; definitions to be supplemented; first step in exposition; logical; difficulty in framing; inexact. Description: Chapter VIII (see also descriptive themes); defined; effectiveness in; classes of objects frequently described: buildings; natural features; sounds; color; animals; plants; persons; impression of; impression as purpose of; in narration; general description. Descriptive themes. Details: selection of; paragraph developed by; related in time-order; related with reference to position in space; used in general description; in general narration; composition developed by giving details in time-order; by giving details with reference to position in space; selection of, affected by point of view; selection of essential; selection and subordination of minor; arrangement of; in narration; arrangement; selection of facts in exposition; exposition by use of. Dewey. Diction. Discourse: forms of presupposes an audience. Division. Dixey. Dramatic poetry. Dryer. Dunbar, Mary Louise.

Ease. Effectiveness in description comparison and figures of speech, as aids to. Elegance. Elegy. Eliot, George. Emphasis in sentences. Enthymeme. Epic. Equivalents: for nouns for adjectives. for adverbs Essentials of expression. Euphony. Evidence. Examples: use in exposition argument from (see also specific instances). Exclamation mark: rule for. Expediency: questions of. Experience: ideas gained from, Chapter I; relation to imagination impressions limited to. Exposition: Chapter X (see also expository themes); purpose of importance of clear understanding necessary of terms of propositions by repetition by examples by comparison and contrast by obverse statements by details by cause and effect by general description by general narration by use of specific instances. Expository themes. Expression: essentials of.

Fallacy. Feelings: appeal to, in persuasion. Feet. Fields. Figures of speech use of as an aid to effectiveness in description. Ford. Form: importance of directions as to. Forms of discourse. Fundamental image.

Gender. General theory: how established, basis of appeals to. George, Marian M. Gilman. Grammar review. Gray.

Hare. Harland. Harris. Hawthorne. Henry. Higginson and Channing. Hinman. History: writing of. Hoar. Holland. Holmes. Howells. Hyperbole.

Ideas: from experience, Chapter I; from imagination, Chapter II; from language, Chapter III. pleasure in expressing sources of advantages of expressing ideas gained from experience from imagination ideas from pictures acquired through language. Images: making of complete and incomplete reproduction of other requirements to determine meaning fundamental union with impression. Imagination, Chapter II. Impression: of description, as purpose of description, necessity of observing impressions, limited to experience, affected by mood, union with image. Improbability. Incentive moment. Indentation. Inductive reasoning: errors of. Inference: use in argument. Infinitives. Interrogation. Interrogation mark: rule for. Introduction. Invitations. Irony. Irving.

Jackson, Helen Hunt. Jordan and Kellogg.

Kellogg. Kingsley. Kipling.

Language: as a medium through which ideas are acquired, adapted to reader, Letter writing: Chapter VI; importance of, paper, beginning, body, conclusion, envelope, rule of, business letters, letters of friendship, adaptation to reader, notes. Lodge. Longfellow. Lovelace. Lowell. Lyric poetry.

Macaulay. Macy-Norris. Madame de Stael. Matthews. Maxims: appeals to in argument. McCarthy, Justin. Meaning of words. Memory. Metaphor: mixed. Methods of developing a composition: with reference to time-order, with reference to position in space, by use of comparison or contrast, by use of generalization and facts, by stating cause and effect, by a combination of methods. Metonymy. Metrical romance. Metrical tale. Mill. Mill, J. S. Miller, Mary Rogers. Milton. Mode. Montgomery. Morris, Clara. Motive, in persuasion.

Narration: Chapter IX (see also narrative themes below); kinds of, use of description in, general narration, narrative poetry. Narrative themes. Newcomer. Notes: formal, informal. Nouns. Number.

Observation: of actions, order of, accuracy in, observation of impression. Obverse statements. Ode. Ollivaut. Oral compositions. Order of events. Outline: of a paragraph. the brief. making of. use of in exposition.

Palmer. Paragraph: defined, topic statement, importance of, length, indentation, reasons for studying, methods of development— by specific instances, by giving details, in time-order, as determined by position in space, by comparison, by cause and effect, by repetition, by a combination of methods. Paraphrasing. Participles. Partition. Parts of speech. Period: rules for. Person. Personification. Persuasion: differs from argument, importance and necessity of, motive in, material of, appeal to feelings, with argument. Phelps, Elizabeth Stuart. Philips, David Graham. Phillips, Wendell. Phrases. Plot: interrelation with character. Poe. Poetry: Chapter VII; aim of, kinds of. Point: of a story, see also climax. Point of view: selection of details effected by, implied, changing, place in paragraph. Possibility: in argument. Post. Prepositions. Preston and Dodge. Principal parts of verbs. Probability: in narration, in argument. Procter, Adelaide. Pronouns. Pronunciation. Proportion of parts: for emphasis. Propositions: specific, general, exposition of, necessary to argument, of fact and of theory, statement of. Proverbs: use in argument. Punctuation.

Quotation marks: rules for.

Rankin. Read. Reasoning: inductive, errors of induction, deductive, relation between inductive and deductive, errors of deduction. Reasons: number and value of. Recitations: preparation for, topical. Refutation. Reid, Captain Mayne. Repetition: developing a paragraph by, exposition by use of. Reproduction: of a story, of the thought of a paragraph. Restrictive and nonrestrictive clauses. Rhyme. Rhythm: variation in. Richards, Laura E. Right: questions of. Robertson. Roosevelt. Ruskin.

Scansion. Scott. Semicolon: rules for. Sentences: length, in conversation, relations, rhetorical features. Sewell, Anna. Shakespeare. Shelley. Sign: argument from. Simile. Slang. Smith. Song. Sonnet. Sources of ideas. Specific instances: development of a paragraph by use of, use in argument and exposition, development of a composition by use of, use in exposition. Spelling. Spencer. Stanza. Stevenson. Stoddard. Strong verbs. Subject: selection of, adapted to reader, sources, should be definite, narrowing. Suggestions, see cautions. Summaries, at the end of the chapters. Summarizing paragraph. Syllogism. Symons. Synecdoche. Synonyms.

Tarkington. Taylor. Tennyson. Tense. Terms: specific, general, explanation of, exposition of, use in argument and exposition. Themes: see descriptive, narrative, expository, argumentative, and reproduction themes. Thoreau. Thurston. Time-order. Title: selecting of. Topic statement. Transition from one paragraph to another. Transition paragraph. Trowbridge. Turner.

Unity: aided by time relations, aided by position in space, definition, in life; in outline, in composition, in sentences, selection of details giving, selection of facts in exposition, aided by outline.

Van Dyke. Van Rensselaer (Mrs.). Variety. Verbs. Verse: names of. Vocabulary: how to increase, words applicable to classes of objects. Voice.

Wallace. Warner. Wessels. Whittier. Wilcox, Ella Wheeler. Woode. Words: choice of, spelling, pronunciation, meaning, use, relations of, adapted to reader, selection, use of simpler words, selection, applicable to classes of objects, offices of, special list of. Wordsworth.

THE END