Should the drink traffic be nationalized? Gibson, p. 81: Briefs and references.

Should the licensing act (1904) be amended? Askew, 1906, p. 142: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 146: Briefs.

State prohibition is preferable to high license as a method of dealing with intemperance. Brookings, p. 172: Briefs and references.

Sunday closing of public houses. Askew, 1906, p. 205: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 224: Briefs.

Total abstinence. Askew, 1906, p. 1: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 1: Briefs.

See also Gothenburg system.—Local option.

Literary contests and athletics. See Athletics.

Literature.

Is the cheap literature of the age, on the whole, beneficial to general morality? Rowton, p. 229: References.

Literature and science.

Which has done more for the world, literature or science? C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Liturgies.

Should nonconformists adopt liturgies? Gibson, p. 121: Briefs and references.

Livingstone and Columbus. See Columbus and Livingstone.

Local option.

Askew, 1906, p. 145; Askew, 1911, p. 149: Briefs.—C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Local option is the most satisfactory method of dealing with the liquor problem. Thomas, p. 184: Briefs.

Local veto. Askew, 1906, p. 146: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 149: Briefs.—Gibson, p. 248: Briefs and references.

Locke.

Has the influence of Locke's philosophy been greater than its intrinsic worth? Does the practical merit of Locke's philosophy atone for its want of breadth and comprehension? Matson, p. 436: Briefs and references.

London livery companies.

Livery companies (London); their abolition. Askew, 1906, p. 144: Briefs and references.

Longfellow and Bryant. See Bryant and Longfellow.

Lords, House of. See House of lords.

Louis XIV.

Was Louis XIV a great man? Rowton, p. 227: References.

Louis XVI.

Was the deposition of Louis XVI justifiable? Rowton, p. 216: References.

Loyola and Luther. See Luther and Loyola.

Luther and Calvin.

Did Luther contribute more to the promotion of the reformation than Calvin? Matson, p. 516: Briefs and references.

Luther and Loyola.

Which character is the more to be admired, that of Loyola or Luther? Rowton, p. 224: References.

Luxury.

The expensive social entertainments of the wealthy are of more benefit than injury to the country. Craig, p. 172: Speeches.

Should Parliament restrain excessive luxury? Gibson, p. 124: Briefs and references.

Lying. See Deception.—Hypocrite and liar.

Macedonia.

Should Europe interfere in Macedonia? Askew, 1906, p. 148: Briefs and references.

Machinery.

Has the introduction of machinery been generally beneficial to mankind? Rowton, p. 220: References.

Has the introduction of machinery done more harm than good? Gibson, p. 127: Briefs and references.

Has the use of machinery been, on the whole, beneficial to the laboring class? Matson, p. 228: Briefs and references.

Magistrates, Stipendiary.

Askew, 1906, p. 149; Askew, 1911, p. 157: Briefs.

Man.

Have the races of men a specific unity and a common origin? Are the races of men of diverse origin? Matson, p. 401: Briefs and references.

Is the evidence sufficient to prove the great antiquity of the human race? Matson, p. 399: Briefs and references.

Is the savage state the primitive and natural condition of man? Is savagism a degenerate condition of human nature? Matson, p. 402: Briefs and references.

Is there any ground for believing in the ultimate perfection and universal happiness of the human race? Rowton, p. 220: References.

Man and animals. See Human mind and brute mind.

Man's intellect and woman's. See Woman's intellect and man's.

Manufactures and commerce. See Commerce and manufactures.

Marathon and Waterloo.

Was the battle of Marathon more important in its results than the battle of Waterloo? Matson, p. 30: Briefs and references.

Markets (London). Municipal ownership. See Municipal ownership.

Marriage laws.

A constitutional amendment should be adopted giving Congress exclusive power to regulate marriage and divorce in the United States. Ringwalt, p. 194: Briefs and references.—C. L. of P. Debates: References.

Reform of marriage laws. Askew, 1906, p. 152; Askew, 1911, p. 158: Briefs.

See also Deceased wife's sister.

Mary, queen of Scots.

Do the facts show the complicity of Mary, queen of Scots, in Darnley's assassination? Matson, p. 58: Briefs and references.

Was the execution of Mary, queen of Scots, justifiable? Matson, p. 59: Briefs and references.—Rowton, p. 207: References.

Mathematics and philosophy. See Philosophy and mathematics.

Mathematics and the classics. See Classics and mathematics.

Maurice and Newman. See Newman and Maurice.

Mayors.

All executive duties in American cities should be concentrated in the hands of the mayor and his appointments should not require confirmation. Brookings, p. 49: Briefs and references.

Mechanic and poet. See Poet and mechanic.

Mechanics.

Do the mechanicians of modern equal those of ancient times? Rowton, p. 215: References.

Mechanics' institutions.

Have mechanics' institutions answered the expectations of their founders? Rowton, p. 229: References.

Medical education for women.

Askew, 1906, p. 226: Briefs.

Memory and hope. See Hope and memory.

Men.

American men of the present day are lacking in chivalrous respect for women. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Mexico. Annexation to the United States.

Should Mexico be annexed to the United States? C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Michael Angelo and Raphael.

Is Michael Angelo a greater artist than Raphael? Matson, p. 370: Briefs and references.

Microscope and telescope. See Telescope and microscope.

Middle ages.

Are there good grounds for applying the term "dark" to the middle ages? Rowton, p. 224: References.

Middleman, Elimination of.

Askew, 1906, p. 152: Briefs.

Military renown.

Is military renown a fit object of ambition? Rowton, p. 210: References.

Military service. See Army.

Milton and Dante. See Dante and Milton.

Milton and Goethe. See Goethe and Milton.

Milton and Homer.

Which was the greater poet, Milton or Homer? Rowton, p. 210: References.

Milton and Shakespeare. See Shakespeare and Milton.

Mind force and physical force.

Is all the force manifested in the material universe to be attributed to the immediate volition of God? Is mind the only real force and the first cause of all motion? Matson, p. 445: Briefs and references.

Ministers (of state).

Should ministers hold directorships? Askew, 1906, p. 153; Askew, 1911, p. 158: Briefs.

Ministers of the gospel.

May a Christian minister do as much good in pastoral work as by preaching? Matson, p. 499: Briefs and references.

Should clergymen be politicians? Matson, p. 502: Briefs and references.

Minorities, Rights of.

Askew, 1906, p. 153: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 159: Briefs.

Miser and spendthrift.

Which does the greater injury to society, the miser or the spendthrift? Rowton, p. 185: Briefs and references.

Misery and happiness. See Happiness and misery.

Missions.

Are modern Christian missions a failure? Gibson, p. 130: Briefs and references.

Mohammedanism.

Has the influence of Mohammedanism been more evil than good? Matson, p. 476: Briefs and references.

Monarchy.

Is a limited monarchy, like that of England, the best form of government? Rowton, p. 218: References.

Monarchy and republicanism.

Askew, 1906, p. 154: Briefs and references.—C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Monasteries. See Convents and monasteries.

Money.

International money. Askew, 1906, p. 123: Briefs and references.

See also Bimetallism.—Gold.—Silver.—Tainted money.

Money and culture.

Do birth, breeding and culture count in society to-day when weighed against the power of money? C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Mongolian race. See Yellow peril.

Monopolies. See Federal charter and federal control.—Trusts.

Monroe doctrine.

Askew, 1906, p. 155: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 159: Briefs.

The Monroe doctrine has been and will continue to be beneficial to the western hemisphere. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

The Monroe doctrine should be continued as a part of the permanent foreign policy of the United States. Ringwalt, p. 84: Briefs and references.—Thomas, p. 198: Briefs.

The United States should resist by force if need be the colonization of South America by any European nation. Thomas, p. 192: Briefs.

Montaigne and Addison.

Is Montaigne a better essayist than Addison? Matson, p. 342: Briefs and references.

Morality.

Does morality increase with civilization? Rowton, p. 68: Speeches and references.

Is not private virtue essentially requisite to greatness of public character? Rowton, p. 47: Reference.

See also Immorality.

Morality and art. See Art and morality.

Morality and intelligence. See Intelligence and morality.

Moses and David.

Was Moses greater than David? Matson, p. 507: Briefs and references.

Mozart and Beethoven. See Beethoven and Mozart.

Mrs Grundy.

Ought we to obey Mrs Grundy? Gibson, p. 110: Briefs and references.

Municipal dwellings for the poor. See Housing problem.

Municipal ownership.

Cities of the United States should own their street railways. Speaker, v. 2, p. 400: Briefs and references.—C. L. of P. Debates: Briefs and references.

Cities should own and control all the public franchises now conferred upon corporations. Craig, p. 337: Outlines.

Municipal gas supply. Gibson, p. 137: Briefs and references.

Municipal trading; shall it be restrained? Askew, 1906, p. 156: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 161: Briefs.

Municipal tramways. Gibson, p. 139: Briefs and references.

Municipalities in the United States should own and operate plants for supplying light, water, and surface transportation. Brookings, p. 132: Briefs and references.—Robbins, p. 134: Briefs and references.

Municipalities in the United States should own and operate plants for supplying light, water and transportation. Debaters' handbook ser., no. 8: Briefs, references and selected articles.

Municipalization of bakehouses. Askew, 1906, p. 23: Briefs and references.

Municipalization of docks (London). Askew, 1906, p. 72: Briefs and references.

Municipalization of gas supply. Askew, 1906, p. 103: Briefs and references.

Municipalization of London markets. Askew, 1906, p. 151: Briefs and references.

Street railways should be owned and operated by municipalities. Ringwalt, p. 184: Briefs and references.—C. L. of P. Debates: References.

Music in streets. See Street music.

Mysticism.

Has mysticism a rightful place in philosophic and religious thought? Has Christian mysticism exerted, on the whole, a favorable influence in the promotion of true piety? Matson, p. 490: Briefs and references.

Napoleon.

Did the career of Napoleon Bonaparte make for human progress? C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Is the career of Napoleon indefensible? Matson, p. 71: Briefs and references.

Is the character of Napoleon Bonaparte to be admired? Rowton, p. 199: Briefs and references.

Was the banishment of Napoleon to St. Helena justifiable? Matson, p. 74: Briefs and references.—Rowton, p. 221: References.

Napoleon and Cromwell.

Which was the greater man, Oliver Cromwell or Napoleon Bonaparte? Rowton, p. 207: References.

Napoleon and Hannibal.

Did Napoleon exhibit as great military genius as Hannibal? Matson, p. 75: Briefs and references.

Napoleon, Caesar, Alexander the Great. See Alexander the Great, Caesar, Napoleon.

Napoleon, Howard, Watt.

Which was the greatest man, Bonaparte, Watt, or Howard? Rowton, p. 189: Briefs and references.

National banks. See Banks, National.

National character. See Character, National.

National education. See Education, National.

National party in politics.

Askew, 1906, p. 158: Briefs and references.

National theatre. See Theatre, National.

National university.

Is the establishment of a national university by the general government desirable? Matson, p. 248: Briefs and references.

Naturalization.

Naturalization laws of the United States should be made more stringent. Ringwalt, p. 1: Briefs and references.

Statute requirements for naturalization in the United States should be increased. Thomas, p. 188: Briefs.

Naval adviser.

Is a naval adviser necessary? Askew, 1906, p. 159: Briefs.

Navigation and railroads.

The world owes more to navigation than to railroads. Craig, p. 135: Speeches.

Navy (United States). Increase.

The American navy should be substantially enlarged. Wisconsin University, no. 386: Arguments and references.

Congress should immediately provide for the further strengthening of the navy. Pearson, p. 293: Report of speeches, and references.

Congress should provide for a large increase in the strength of the navy. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Enlargement of the United States navy. Debaters' handbook ser., no. 7: Selected articles.

It is for the best interest of the United States to build and maintain a large navy. Brookings, p. 78: Briefs and references.

United States should maintain a large navy. Thomas, p. 176: Briefs.

Nebular hypothesis.

Does the nebular hypothesis furnish the best natural solution of the origin of the planetary and stellar worlds? Is the nebular hypothesis likely to win an established place in science? Matson, p. 388: Briefs and references.

Negro suffrage.

C. L. of P. Debates: References.

Fifteenth amendment. Speaker, v. 4, p. 115: References.

Fifteenth amendment to the constitution should be repealed. Ringwalt, p. 17: Briefs and references.—Robbins, p. 168: Briefs and references.

The methods by which the negroes in the Southern states are excluded from the franchise are justifiable. Thomas, p. 168: Briefs and references.

Ought the negro to have been enfranchised? Matson, p. 147: Briefs and references.

The suffrage should be taken from the negroes in the Southern states. Brookings, p. 6: Briefs and references.

United States government ought to interfere to protect the Southern negro in the exercise of the suffrage. Brookings, p. 3: Briefs and references.

Newman and Maurice.

Was J.H. Newman superior in ability, character and influence to F.D. Maurice? Matson, p. 522: Briefs and references.

Newspapers. Comic supplement. See Comic supplement.

Newton and Bacon. See Bacon and Newton.

Newton and Darwin. See Darwin and Newton.

Nicaragua canal.

United States ought to construct and operate the Nicaragua canal. Brookings, p. 65: Briefs and references.

United States should build and control the Nicaragua canal. Craig, p. 148: Speeches.

Nihilism.

The efforts of the Russian nihilists are entitled to the sympathy of a free people. Brookings, p. 195: Briefs and references.

Is Russian nihilism, considered as a political movement, justifiable? Matson, p. 186: Briefs and references.

Novels and novel-reading. See Fiction.

Oaths.

Is the administering of the oath a necessary and efficient means of securing the truth from witnesses or the faithful discharge of official duty? Should all civil and judicial oaths be abolished? Is the oath as required by human law in accordance with Scripture? Matson, p. 165: Briefs and references.

Is the use of oaths for civil purposes expedient? Rowton, p. 216: References.

Observation and reading. See Reading and observation.

Odyssey. See Iliad and Odyssey.

Old age pensions.

Askew, 1906, p. 159: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 163: Briefs.

Old age pensions would benefit society. C. L. of P. Debates: References.

State old-age pensions. Gibson, p. 141: Briefs and references.

A system of old age pensions should be adopted by the United States government. Robbins, p. 33: Briefs and references.—Thomas, p. 192: Briefs.

Oleomargarine.

Each state has the right to prohibit the sale of oleomargarine within its limits. Brookings, p. 149: Briefs and references.

Open shop and closed shop.

Employers of labor are justified in insisting on the "open" shop. Thomas, p. 194: Briefs.

The general welfare of the American people demands the open shop principle in our industries. Speaker, v. 2, p. 398: Report of speeches.—C. L. of P. Debates: References.

In labor disputes workmen are justified in demanding as a condition of settlement that their employers agree to employ only members of trade unions. Pearson, p. 261: Speeches and references.

The movement of organized labor for the closed shop should receive the support of public opinion. Debaters' handbook ser., no. 16: Briefs, references and selected articles.—Wisconsin University, no. 395: Arguments and references.

Opium habit. See Drink and opium.

Opium trade.

Suppression of the opium trade in the East. Askew, 1906, p. 163: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 166: Briefs.

Opportunities for success. See Success.

Optimism and pessimism.

Is the world growing better? Gibson, p. 242: Briefs and references.

Is there more ground for the philosophy of optimism than for the philosophy of pessimism? Matson, p. 443: Briefs and references.

Oratory.

Is ancient oratory superior to modern? Matson, p. 280: Briefs and references.

Is modern equal to ancient oratory? Rowton, p. 196: Briefs and references.

Which does the most to make the orator, knowledge, nature or art? Rowton, p. 169: Speeches and references.

Osborne judgment.

Osborne judgment; should the law be altered? Askew, 1911, p. 168: Briefs.

Outdoor relief.

Should outdoor relief be encouraged? Askew, 1906, p. 165: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 170: Briefs.

Should we abolish outdoor relief? Gibson, p. 144: Briefs and references.

Painting, Schools of.

Impressionism in art versus the preraphaelite school. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Papacy. See Roman Catholic church. Papacy.

Paradise lost and Divine comedy. See Dante and Milton.

Parcels post.

The federal government should establish a parcels post. Debaters' handbook ser., no. 12: Briefs, references and selected articles.—Thomas, p. 192: Briefs.

The parcels post system advocated by Postmaster General George von L. Meyer should be established. Wisconsin University, no. 204:

References.—Wisconsin University, no. 458: Rev. ed. History, arguments, references.

The United States should establish a parcels post. C. L. of P. Debates: References.

Parliament.

Ought official parliamentary expenses to be a local charge? Askew, 1906, p. 159; Askew, 1911, p. 163: Briefs.

Payment of members' and returning officers' expenses. Askew, 1906, p. 173: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 178: Briefs.

Redistribution. Askew, 1906, p. 191: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 198: Briefs.

Shorter Parliaments. Askew, 1906, p. 168: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 172: Briefs.

Should members of Parliament be delegates instead of representatives? Askew, 1906, p. 167: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 172: Briefs.

See also House of lords.

Parliamentary system and presidential system. See Presidential system and parliamentary system.

Parnell.

The memory of Charles Stewart Parnell deserves the gratitude of the Irish people. Brookings, p. 190: Briefs and references.

Parties, Political. See Political parties.

Party allegiance.

Every citizen should give allegiance to some organized political party. Thomas, p. 172: Briefs and references.

It is for the interests of good government that the citizen acts with his party in municipal elections. Brookings, p. 24: Briefs and references.

Party allegiance is preferable to independent action in politics. Brookings, p. 22: Briefs and references.

Party government. See Political parties.

Passive resistance.

Askew, 1906, p. 171: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 176: Briefs.

Is passive resistance justifiable? Gibson, p. 256: Briefs and references.

Patents.

Should all patents be abolished? Gibson, p. 146: Briefs and references.

Paul and John.

Has Paul been more influential, by his labors and writings, in the development and promotion of Christianity than John? Matson, p. 510: Briefs and references.

Pauper children.

Boarding out of pauper children. Askew, 1906, p. 171: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 176: Briefs.

Ought we to board out our pauper children? Gibson, p. 40: Briefs and references.

Pauperism and illiteracy.

Is pauperism as great an evil to society as illiteracy? Matson, p. 528: Briefs and references.

Peace.

Is universal peace probable? Rowton, p. 187: Briefs and references.

Peasant proprietorship. See Land.

The pen and the sword.

The pen is mightier than the sword. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

See also Warrior and statesman.

Penny postage. See Postal rates.

Pensions.

Is it the duty of a government to make ampler provision for the literary writers of the nation? Rowton, p. 227: References.

The pension policy of the Republican party has been wise. Brookings, p. 75: Briefs and references.

Pensions, Old age. See Old age pensions.

Periodicals.

Have we too many periodicals? Gibson, p. 148: Briefs and references.

Pessimism and optimism. See Optimism and pessimism.

Peter the Great and Frederick the Great. See Frederick the Great and Peter the Great.

Philippine islands.

Denney, p. 299: Beveridge-Hoar debate on the Philippine question.

The United States should permanently retain the Philippine islands. Ringwalt, p. 75: Briefs and references.—Robbins, p. 146: Briefs and references.

The United States should pledge to grant independence to the Philippine islands on or before 1940. Wisconsin University, no. 462: References.

Would it be advisable for our government to grant absolute independence to the people of the Philippine islands? Craig, p. 463: Speeches.

Philosophy and mathematics.

Does the study of philosophy afford a better mental discipline than the study of mathematics? Has mathematics a greater utility than philosophy? Matson, p. 259: Briefs and references.

Philosophy and poetry.

Which has done the greater service to truth, philosophy or poetry? Rowton, p. 214: References.

Photography and engraving.

Has photography done more to popularize art than engraving? Is photography of greater importance than engraving? Matson, p. 368: Briefs and references.

Physical force and mind force. See Mind force and physical force.

Planets.

Is it probable that the planets or other heavenly bodies are inhabited? Matson, p. 410: Briefs and references.

Plato and Aristotle.

Is Plato a greater philosopher than Aristotle? Is the philosophy of Plato, on the whole, superior to that of Aristotle? Matson, p. 425: Briefs and references.

Plato and Socrates.

Is philosophy as much indebted to Socrates as to Plato? Should Socrates be held in as high estimation as Plato? Matson, p. 423: Briefs and references.

Plural voting. See Ballot.

Plurality of worlds.

Is there a plurality of worlds? Matson, p. 410: Briefs and references.

Poet and mechanic.

Which is the more valuable member of society, a great mechanician or a great poet? Rowton, p. 208: References.

Poet and statesman. See Statesman and poet.

Poet, statesman, warrior. See Warrior, statesman, poet.

Poetry.

Is the present a poetical age? Rowton, p. 227: References.

Poetry and philosophy. See Philosophy and poetry.

Poetry and prose fiction.

Poetry is a more important element in literature than prose fiction. Wisconsin University, no. 254: Briefs.

Poetry and science.

Does the prevalence of natural science tend to check the poetic spirit? Matson, p. 363: Briefs and references.

Police.

Police; metropolitan and popular control. Askew, 1906, p. 176: Briefs and references.

Political parties.

Are the benefits of party government greater than its evils? Is the existence of parties necessary in a free government? Is party spirit productive of more evil than good? Matson, p. 143: Briefs and references.

Is the existence of parties in a state favorable to the public welfare? Rowton, p. 220: References.

Party government. Askew, 1906, p. 170: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 174: Briefs.

Party government; is it a useful or mischievous system? Gibson, p. 108: Briefs and references.

See also Independent Labour party.—Labor party.—National party.—Party allegiance.—Populist party.—Republican party.

Pooling.

The interstate commerce act should be so amended as to allow pooling. Brookings, p. 137: Briefs and references.

The United States should continue its present policy of opposing the combination of railroads. Speaker, v. 3, p. 93: Briefs and references.—C. L. of P. Debates: Briefs.

Poor, Housing of the. See Housing problem.

Pope.

Ought Pope to rank in the first class of poets? Rowton, p. 220: References.

Pope and Dryden. See Dryden and Pope.

Pope (Roman Catholic church). See Roman Catholic church. Papacy.

Population.

The growth of population is advancing more rapidly than the resources for its comfortable maintenance permit. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Limited population. Askew, 1906, p. 176: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 183: Briefs.

Populist party.

Supporters of the Populist party have substantial grievances which their movement is likely to relieve. Brookings, p. 16: Briefs and references.

Postal rates.

United States should adopt penny postage. Craig, p. 86: Speeches.

Postal savings banks.

The federal government should establish a system of postal savings banks. Thomas, p. 190: Briefs.

It is not good policy for the government of the United States to establish a system of postal savings. Craig, p. 286: Speeches.

The postal savings bank scheme as advocated by Postmaster General Meyer should be put into operation in the United States. Pearson, p. 481: Report of debate, and references.

A system of postal savings banks should be established in the United States. Ringwalt, p. 151: Briefs and references.—Wisconsin University, no. 215: References.—C. L. of P. Debates: References.

Postal telegraph.

The government should maintain and operate a telegraph system in connection with the post-office. Ringwalt, p. 174: Briefs and references.

Should our national government establish postal telegraphy? Matson, p. 178: Briefs and references.

Poverty and wealth.

It is better to be born to poverty than to wealth. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

See also Crime.

Preaching.

Should all preaching be extempore? Should the written sermon be permitted to hold the place it has gained in general preaching? Matson, p. 501: Briefs and references.

Should political subjects be introduced into the pulpit? Matson, p. 502: Briefs and references.

Would not pulpit oratory become more effective if the clergy were to preach extemporaneously? Rowton, p. 231: References.

See also Pulpit and press.

Premature burial. See Burial, Premature.

President. Election.

The president of the United States should be elected by direct popular vote. Pattee, p. 96: Brief (affirmative).

Presidential electors should be chosen by districts instead of on a general ticket. Brookings, p. 30: Briefs and references.

Should the present method of electing the president be superseded by some other method? Should electors for president and vice-president be elected by the vote of the congressional districts, with two at large for each state, instead of upon general ticket? Should the president be elected by a direct popular vote, counted by federal numbers? or should the president be elected by a majority of the nation's voters, voting directly? Matson, p. 155: Briefs and references.

Should the president and the Senate of the United States be elected by a direct vote of the people? Craig, p. 258: Speeches.

President. Term of office.

The presidential term should consist of six years without subsequent re-election, instead of the present term of four years. C. L. of P. Debates: References.

Presidential system and parliamentary system.

For the United States the presidential system is a better form of government than the parliamentary system. Pearson, p. 367: Report of debate, and references.—Speaker, v. 4, p. 248: Briefs and references.

Press, Liberty of. See Liberty of the press.

Press and pulpit. See Pulpit and press.

Primaries.

Nomination of officers by caucuses, or primaries, should be abandoned. Thomas, p. 164: Briefs.

State, county and city officers should be nominated by conventions rather than by direct primaries. Speaker, v. 6, p. 82: Briefs and references.

State, district, county and city officers should be nominated by direct primaries held under state regulation rather than by delegate convention. Robbins, p. 158: Briefs and references.

The system of direct primary nominations is preferable to that of nomination by caucus and convention. Debaters' handbook ser., no. 5: Briefs, references and selected articles.

Primitive man. See Man.

Primitive religion. See Religion.

Primogeniture.

Abolition of the law of primogeniture. Askew, 1911, p. 186: Briefs.

Printing-press and steam-engine.

Which has done the greater service to mankind, the printing press or the steam engine? Rowton, p. 153: Speeches and references.

Prison labor. See Convict labor.

Prisons.

Prison reform. Askew, 1906, p. 184: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 186: Briefs.

Should our prisons be reformed? Gibson, p. 150: Briefs and references.

Should the chief purpose of a prison be to punish or to reform? Matson, p. 162: Briefs and references.

See also Indeterminate sentence.—Punishment.

Private property at sea.

Private property at sea; should it be exempt from capture? Askew, 1911, p. 187: Briefs.

Probation after death.

Is the hypothesis of a probation after death rational and probable? Does human probation terminate at death? Matson, p. 494: Briefs and references.

Professionalism in foot-ball and in cricket.

Askew, 1906, p. 185: Briefs.

Profit-sharing.

Askew, 1906, p. 186: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 191: Briefs.

Is profit-sharing the cure for labour-troubles? Gibson, p. 153: Briefs and references.

Prohibition. See Liquor question.

Proportional representation.

Askew, 1906, p. 186: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 192: Briefs.

Legislative bodies should be chosen by a system of proportional representation. Ringwalt, p. 59: Briefs and references.

Members of the legislature of the state of Wisconsin should be chosen by a system of proportional representation. Wisconsin University, no. 225: References.

State legislatures should be elected by a system of proportional representation. Thomas, p. 168: Briefs and references.

Protection and free trade.

A high protective tariff raises wages. Brookings, p. 99: Briefs and references.

Imperial preferential tariffs. Askew, 1906, p. 177: Briefs and references.

Our legislation should be shaped toward the abandonment of the protective tariff. Pearson, p. 111: Synopsis of debate, and references.

Protection is preferable to free trade as a commercial policy for the United States. Ringwalt, p. 95: Briefs and references.

A protective tariff is a commercial and economic advantage to the United States. Thomas, p. 172: Briefs and references.

Shall we go back to protection? Gibson, p. 261: Briefs and references.

Tariff for revenue only is of greater benefit to the people of the United States than a protective tariff. Craig, p. 160: Speeches.

Tariff reform. Askew, 1911, p. 225: Briefs.

The tariff should be for revenue only. Foster, p. 380: Speech of F.H. Hurd (affirmative).

The time has now come when the policy of protection should be abandoned by the United States. Brookings, p. 96: Briefs and references.

Which is the true economic policy for nations, protection or free trade? Is protection or free trade the wiser policy for the United States? Should a tariff be levied exclusively for revenue? Does protection protect? Matson, p. 198: Briefs and references.

See also Steel.—Sugar.—Wool.

Psychical research.

Askew, 1906, p. 188: Briefs and references.

Public trustees.

Askew, 1911, p. 193: Briefs.

Publishers and authors. See Authors and publishers.

Pulpit and press.

Is the pulpit more influential than the press? Matson, p. 504: Briefs and references.

Which exerts the greater influence, the pulpit or the press? Gibson, p. 165: Briefs and references.

Pulpit oratory. See Preaching.

Punishment. Should not all punishment be reformatory? Rowton, p. 218: References.

Punishment, Capital. See Capital punishment.

Punishment, Corporal. See Corporal punishment.

Punishment and reward.

The fear of punishment has a greater influence on human conduct than the hope of reward. Craig, p. 77: Speeches.

Has the fear of punishment, or the hope of reward, the greater influence on human conduct? Rowton, p. 209: References.

Puritan revolution.

Was the Puritan revolution justifiable? Matson, p. 61: Briefs and references.

Puritans.

Have the New England Puritans been censured too severely for their treatment of the Quakers and the so called witches? Matson, p. 78: Briefs and references.

Quarantine.

A national quarantine act is desirable. Brookings, p. 146: Briefs and references.

Quorum.

The principle of a present quorum as laid down in Reed's Rules is sound. Brookings, p. 85: Briefs and references.

Railroad pooling. See Pooling.

Railroad rates.

The cost of the service rendered by a railroad company should be made the basis for the regulation of its rates. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Railroads. Government ownership. See Government ownership. Railroads.

Railroads and navigation. See Navigation and railroads.

Raphael and Michael Angelo. See Michael Angelo and Raphael.

Reading and observation.

From which does the mind gain the more knowledge, reading or observation? Rowton, p. 213: References.

Reading and travel. See Travel and reading.

Reason and imagination. See Imagination and reason.

Reasoning, Inductive. See Inductive reasoning.

Recall.

The recall should be adopted in the United States as a measure of control by the people. C. L. of P. Debates: References.

The system of recall in use in Los Angeles, California, would be beneficial to the city of ——. Wisconsin University, no. 262: References.

Recall of judges.

All judges other than federal should be subject to the popular recall. Speaker, v. 7, p. 301: Briefs and references.

The recall of judges is constitutional and will further the best interests of the people of the United States. C. L. of P. Debates: References.

Reciprocity.

The policy of concluding reciprocal commercial treaties with other nations is a wise one. Ringwalt, p. 105: Briefs and references.—C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Reciprocity. United States and Canada.

Commercial reciprocity between the United States and Canada is desirable. Thomas, p. 178: Briefs.

It would be advantageous to the United States to admit Canadian coal and lumber free of duty. Speaker, v. 3, p. 95: Briefs and references.—C. L. of P. Debates: Briefs.

It would be to the advantage of the United States to establish complete commercial reciprocity between the United States and Canada. Brookings, p. 102: Briefs and references.

A reciprocal commercial treaty should be concluded between the United States and Canada. Ringwalt, p. 113: Briefs and references.

See also Retaliation.

Reciprocity and free trade.

Fair trade (reciprocity) v. free trade. Askew, 1906, p. 90: Briefs and references.

Referendum.

Askew, 1906, p. 192: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 199: Briefs.

For and against the initiative and referendum for New York state. Speaker, v. 6, p. 431: Speeches and references.

Initiative and referendum. Debaters' handbook ser., no. 11: References and selected articles.

Initiative and referendum should be made a part of the legislative system of Ohio. Pearson, p. 67: Synopses of speeches, and references.

Initiative and referendum systems of enacting legislation should be adopted by Pennsylvania. Speaker, v. 3, p. 281: Briefs and references.—C. L. of P. Debates: Briefs.

Is the adoption of the initiative and referendum practicable in this country? Craig, p. 487: Speeches.

Optional initiative and optional referendum should be adopted in state legislation. Robbins, p. 121: Briefs and references.

Should the referendum be introduced into English politics? Gibson, p. 169: Briefs and references.

The system of direct legislation by the people should be more generally adopted in the United States. Wisconsin University, no. 224: References.

Reformation and renaissance.

Has the reformation exerted more influence on modern civilization than the renaissance? Matson, p. 54: Briefs and references.

Reformer and conservative.

Is the reformer of greater importance to society than the conservative? Matson, p. 527: Briefs and references.

Registration of title to land.

Askew, 1906, p. 194: Briefs and references.

Relief, Outdoor. See Outdoor relief.

Religion.

Should theological difficulties be freely discussed? Gibson, p. 208: Briefs and references.

Was monotheism the primitive religion? Was polytheism the primitive religion? Was fetichism the primitive religion? Matson, p. 470: Briefs and references.

See also Authority (in religion).

Religion and art. See Art and religion.

Religion in the public schools.

Secular education. Askew, 1911, p. 86: Briefs.

See also Bible in the public schools.

Religious disability.

A man's religion should not affect his eligibility for public office. C. L. of P. Debates: References.

Ought persons to be excluded from the civil offices on account of their religious opinions? Rowton, p. 221: References.

Religious education.

Must religious education be dogmatic? Askew, 1906, p. 80: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 84: Briefs.

Religious equality.

Askew, 1906, p. 86: Briefs and references.

Renaissance and reformation. See Reformation and renaissance.

Renaissance art and Greek art. See Greek art and renaissance art.

Rent.

Abolition of law of distress for rent. Askew, 1906, p. 70: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 75: Briefs.

Representation, Proportional. See Proportional representation.

Republican party.

The Republican party is entitled to popular support. Thomas, p. 170: Briefs and references.

The Republican party is entitled to the suffrages of intelligent citizens. Brookings, p. 13: Briefs and references.

Republicanism and monarchy. See Monarchy and republicanism.

Research, Scientific. See Scientific research.

Responsibility and insanity. See Insanity and responsibility.

Retaliation.

Gibson, p. 268: Briefs and references.

Reversionists, Rating of.

Askew, 1906, p. 195; Askew, 1911, p. 203: Briefs.

Revivals.

Are the growth and prosperity of the Christian church best promoted by revivals of religion? Matson, p. 496: Briefs and references.

Reward and punishment. See Punishment and reward.

Richard III.

Is there reasonable ground for believing that the character of Richard the Third was not so atrocious as is generally supposed? Rowton, p. 222: References.

Shakespeare's Richard III is not the true one. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Richard III and Charles II.

Which was the worse monarch, Richard the Third or Charles the Second? Rowton, p. 226: References.

Richelieu.

Were the results of Richelieu's policy beneficial to France? Matson, p. 66: Briefs and references.

Right to work bill.

Askew, 1911, p. 203: Briefs.

Ritualism, Suppression of.

Askew, 1906, p. 196: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 205: Briefs.

Roads.

Should the United States government build good roads? Craig, p. 503: Speeches.

Roman Catholic church.

Has the Roman Catholic church been, on the whole, a blessing to the world? Matson, p. 478: Briefs and references.

Roman Catholic church. Papacy.

Papal infallibility. Askew, 1906, p. 120: Briefs and references.

Was the papacy during the middle ages a beneficent power in European affairs? Matson, p. 44: Briefs and references.

Rome and England. See England and Rome.

Rome and Greece. See Greece and Rome.

Rousseau.

Has Rousseau's influence on modern thought been, on the whole, beneficial? Matson, p. 356: Briefs and references.

Rural schools. See Country schools.

Saloons. See Liquor question.

Salvation Army.

Is the Salvation Army calculated by its organization and methods to promote true Christianity among the lower classes? Is the Salvation Army entitled to the approval, encouragement and support of the Christian church? Matson, p. 498: Briefs and references.

San Domingo treaty.

The policy embodied in the pending treaty with Santo Domingo is a desirable departure in American diplomacy. Speaker, v. 2, p. 393: Briefs and references.

Satire.

Is not satire highly useful as a moral agent? Rowton, p. 228: References.

Scepticism. See Skepticism.

Schiller and Goethe. See Goethe and Schiller.

School curriculum.

Should the curriculum of the public schools be changed? C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Schools.

Are public or private schools to be preferred? Rowton, p. 225: References.

Popular control of state-supported schools. Gibson, p. 251: Briefs and references.

See also Bible in the public schools.—Country schools.—Religion in the public schools.

Science and art. See Art and science.

Science and literature. See Literature and science.

Science and poetry. See Poetry and science.

Science and the classics. See Classical education.

Scientific research.

State endowment of scientific research. Askew, 1906, p. 197: Briefs.

Scotland, Church of.

Disestablishment of the Church of Scotland. Askew, 1906, p. 68; Askew, 1911, p. 73: Briefs.

Scott, Sir Walter.

Is the enduring fame of Scott dependent more on his novels than on his poems? Matson, p. 329: Briefs and references.

Secession.

The Southern states were justified in seceding. C. L. of P. Debates: References.

Second ballot. See Ballot.

Secret societies.

Fraternities should be abolished in the high school. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Greek letter fraternities as existing at present in undergraduate colleges are detrimental to the best interests of the academic world. Speaker, v. 7, p. 316: Briefs and references.

Secret societies should not be permitted in secondary schools. Thomas, p. 206: Briefs.

Sects.

Does sectarianism spoil Christianity? Gibson, p. 178: Briefs and references.

Has the division of Protestant Christians into sects been, on the whole, injurious to the interests of true religion? Matson, p. 483: Briefs and references.

Senate rules.

The rules of the Senate ought to be so amended that general debate may be limited. Brookings, p. 83: Briefs and references.

Senators. Election.

A constitutional amendment should be adopted providing that United States senators be elected by direct vote of the people. Ringwalt, p. 67: Briefs and references.

A constitutional amendment should be secured by which senators shall be elected by direct vote of the people. Brookings, p. 32: Briefs and references.

Election of United States senators. Debaters' handbook ser., no. 6: References and selected articles.

Popular election of senators. C. L. of P. Debates: References.

Should the president and the Senate of the United States be elected by a direct vote of the people? Craig, p. 258: Speeches.

United States senators should be elected by direct popular vote. Pearson, p. 377: Synopses of speeches, and references.

United States senators should be elected by direct vote of the people. Thomas, p. 162: Briefs and references.

Servetus and Calvin. See Calvin and Servetus.

Shakespeare.

Is it possible that the world will ever again possess a writer as great as Shakspeare? Rowton, p. 229: References.

See also Hamlet.—Richard III.—Taming of the shrew.

Shakespeare and Bacon. See Bacon-Shakespeare question.

Shakespeare and Goethe.

Was Shakespeare a greater genius than Goethe? Matson, p. 294: Briefs and references.

Shakespeare and Milton.

Which was the greater poet, Shakespeare or Milton? Rowton, p. 136: Speeches and references.

Shelley and Byron. See Byron and Shelley.

Sherman anti-trust law.

Sherman anti-trust law is hostile to the economic interests of the United States. Thomas, p. 208: Briefs.

Ship subsidies.

The federal government should grant financial aid to ships engaged in our foreign trade and owned by citizens of the United States. Pearson, p. 405: Synopses of speeches, and references.

The United States government should extend its system of ship subsidies. Thomas, p. 178: Briefs.

The United States should establish a more extensive system of shipping subsidies. Ringwalt, p. 121: Briefs and references.—Wisconsin University, no. 386: Arguments and references.

The United States should establish a system of shipping subsidies. Brookings, p. 107: Briefs and references.—Robbins, p. 189: Briefs and references.

Ships, Free. See Free ships.

Silver (currency).

Any further coinage of silver by the United States is undesirable. Brookings, p. 90: Briefs and references.

See also Bimetallism.

Simplified spelling. See Spelling reform.

Single tax.

Is the economic system of Henry George sound in its general principles and conclusions? Does poverty increase with progress? Is the private ownership of land wrong and productive of evil? Should there be a single tax levied on land values? Matson, p. 212: Briefs and references.

A single tax on land values is desirable. Ringwalt, p. 202: Briefs and references.—C. L. of P. Debates: References.

A single tax on land would be better than the present system of taxation. Brookings, p. 120: Briefs and references.

Taxation of ground values. Askew, 1906, p. 104: Briefs and references.

Taxation of land values. Askew, 1911, p. 140: Briefs.

Taxation of land values only forms the proper basis of taxation for the purpose of local government in the United States and Canada. Speaker, v. 7, p. 439: Synopsis of speeches, and references.

Skepticism and progress.

Has scepticism aided more than it has retarded the progress of truth? Matson, p. 488: Briefs and references.

Skepticism and superstition.

Which is the more baneful, skepticism or superstition? Rowton, p. 230: References.

Slavery.

Is the decline of slavery in Europe attributable to moral or to economical influences? Rowton, p. 225: References.

Was the overthrow of slavery in the United States effected more by the influence of moral than of political forces? Matson, p. 85: Briefs and references.

Slavery and intemperance.

Has slavery been a greater curse to mankind than intemperance? Matson, p. 538: Briefs and references.

Small holdings. See Allotments and small holdings extension.

Social equality.

Askew, 1906, p. 87: Briefs and references.

Social reform and the church. See Church, The.

Socialism.

Askew, 1906, p. 49: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 212: Briefs.—Gibson, p. 180: Briefs and references.

See also Cooeperation.

Societies, Secret. See Secret societies.

Society and solitude. See Solitude and society.

Socrates.

Ought Socrates to have saved his life by a different defence or by escaping from prison? Matson, p. 89: Briefs and references.

Socrates and Plato. See Plato and Socrates.

Solitude and society.

Is solitude more favorable to mental and moral improvement than society? Matson, p. 534: Briefs and references.

Sophists.

Have the Greek sophists been unduly depreciated? Are the opinions and practices of the Greek sophists incapable of vindication? Matson, p. 421: Briefs and references.

South Africa.

Should natives be compelled to work? Askew, 1906, p. 199: Briefs and references.

Southern states. See Secession.

Spelling reform.

English spelling reform. Askew, 1906, p. 201: Briefs and references.

Is the radical change of English orthography to phonetic spelling desirable or practicable? Matson, p. 264: Briefs and references.

The simplified forms in the "Three hundred simplified spelling list" printed by the Simplified Spelling Board should be adopted by the people of the United States. Wisconsin University, no. 280: References.—C. L. of P. Debates: References.

Spendthrift and miser. See Miser and spendthrift.

Spenser and Chaucer. See Chaucer and Spenser.

Sport.

Askew, 1906, p. 202: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 220: Briefs.

Are we too fond of sport? Gibson, p. 188: Briefs and references.

Is sporting justifiable? Rowton, p. 212: References.

See also Athletics.—Foot-ball.

Spurgeon and Beecher. See Beecher and Spurgeon.

Stage. See Theatre.

State and church. See Church and state.

State and individual.

The less the state meddles with the individual the better. Gibson, p. 175: Briefs and references.

State intervention and laissez faire. See Laissez faire and state intervention.

State ownership. See Government ownership.

State rights. See Centralization and state rights.

Statesman and poet.

Which is the greater civilizer, the statesman or the poet? Rowton, p. 215: References.

Statesman, warrior, poet. See Warrior, statesman, poet.

Steam-engine and printing-press. See Printing-press and steam-engine.

Steel.

Present tariff on trust-made steel articles should be abolished. Wisconsin University, no. 279: References.

Stoicism.

Has the influence of stoicism been on the whole beneficial? Did stoicism as modified by its Roman teachers show a real approximation to Christianity? Matson, p. 431: Briefs and references.

Street music, Legislation against.

Askew, 1906, p. 202: Briefs.

Street railways. Municipal ownership. See Municipal ownership.

Strikes.

Are strikes right? Are strikes a benefit, on the whole, to the laboring class? Matson, p. 225: Briefs and references.

See also Chicago strike injunctions.

Student government.

Is a system of self-government by students in colleges desirable? Matson, p. 250: Briefs and references.—C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Success.

The average young man of to-day has greater opportunities to make life a success financially than his forefathers. Craig, p. 199: Speeches.

Is success in life attained more by will than by good fortune? Matson, p. 535: Briefs and references.

Suffrage.

Adult suffrage. Askew, 1911, p. 2: Briefs.

Disfranchisement of illiterate voters. Askew, 1906, p. 222: Briefs.

If it were possible, a reasonable property qualification for the exercise of the municipal franchise in the United States would be desirable. Brookings, p. 11: Briefs and references.

If it were possible, would a property qualification for the exercise of the municipal franchise be desirable? Foster, p. 220: Brief and speech (negative).

Is universal manhood suffrage true in theory and best in practice for a representative government? Should an educational qualification be made a condition of enjoying the right of suffrage? Should a property qualification be made a condition of enjoying the right of suffrage? Is suffrage a natural right or a political privilege? Matson, p. 145: Briefs and references.

Manhood suffrage. Askew, 1906, p. 150: Briefs.—Gibson, p. 158: Briefs.

Suffrage in the United States should be restricted by an educational qualification. Thomas, p. 200: Briefs.

Suffrage should be restricted by an educational qualification. Ringwalt, p. 25: Briefs and references.

Tennessee should adopt an amendment to her constitution requiring an educational qualification for suffrage. Pearson, p. 243: Report of speeches, and references.

There should be a property qualification for the franchise in cities. Thomas, p. 204: Briefs.

Suffrage, Negro. See Negro suffrage.

Suffrage, Woman. See Woman suffrage.

Sugar.

Is it good policy for the government of the United States to place a tariff on sugar? Gibson, p. 266: Speeches.

Sugar should be admitted free of duty. Brookings, p. 110: Briefs and references.

A system of sugar bounties is contrary to good public policy. Brookings, p. 112: Briefs and references.

See also Brussels sugar convention.

Suicide.

Is suicide ever justifiable? Gibson, p. 197: Briefs and references.

Is suicide immoral? Askew, 1906, p. 204: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 223: Briefs.

Should there be legal enactments for the prevention of suicide? Matson, p. 164: Briefs and references.

Sunday.

Is our Sunday being spoiled? Gibson, p. 200: Briefs and references.

Sunday closing of public houses. See Liquor question.

Sunday opening of museums.

Askew, 1906, p. 206: Briefs and references.

Sunday-schools.

Are the results of Sunday schools satisfactory? Gibson, p. 203: Briefs and references.

Superstition and skepticism. See Skepticism and superstition.

The sword and the pen. See The pen and the sword.

Tacitus and Thucydides. See Thucydides and Tacitus.

Tainted money.

Money acquired by doubtful means should not be used for philanthropic purposes. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Taming of the shrew.

Did Petruchio adopt the best method of taming a shrew? C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Tariff. See Protection and free trade.

Taste (aesthetics).

Is there any standard of taste? Rowton, p. 219: References.

Taxation.

Abolition of indirect taxation. Askew, 1906, p. 206: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 241: Briefs.

Our present system of taxation is the best that can be devised. Craig, p. 250: Speeches.

Rates; their division between owner and occupier. Askew, 1906, p. 191: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 198: Briefs.

Special assessment of land and buildings values. Askew, 1906, p. 201: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 17: Briefs.

Undeveloped land tax. Askew, 1911, p. 245: Briefs.

Voluntary taxation. Askew, 1906, p. 207: Briefs and references.

See also Bachelors.—Church property. Taxation.—Income tax.—Inheritance tax.—Single tax.

Telegraph. Government ownership. See Government ownership. Telegraphs, telephones.

Telegraph and telephone.

Is the telegraph more useful than the telephone? Matson, p. 415: Briefs and references.

Telephone. Government ownership. See Government ownership. Telegraphs, telephones.

Telephone and telegraph. See Telegraph and telephone.

Telescope and microscope.

Are the revelations of the telescope more wonderful than the revelations of the microscope? Matson, p. 414: Briefs and references.

Temperance. See Drink and opium.—Liquor question.

Tennyson and Browning. See Browning and Tennyson.

Territorial expansion (United States). See Imperialism (United States).

Text-books.

The city should furnish free text-books to high-school students. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

The free text-book system should be adopted. Wisconsin University, no. 387: Arguments and references.

Thackeray and Dickens.

Is Thackeray a greater novelist than Dickens? Matson, p. 331: Briefs and references.—C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Theatre.

Has the stage a moral tendency? Rowton, p. 85: Speeches and references.

Is the theatre in its character and influence, as shown in the past and the present, more evil than good? Can the theatre be reformed? Should Christians never attend the theatre? Matson, p. 464: Briefs and references.

Ought Christians to attend the theatre? Gibson, p. 206: Briefs and references.

See also Censorship of the stage.—Drama.

Theatre, National.

Askew, 1906, p. 207: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 242: Briefs.

Thomas a Kempis and Bunyan. See Bunyan and Thomas a Kempis.

Thought and language.

Is thought possible without language? Is language identical with thought? Matson, p. 447: Briefs and references.

Thucydides and Tacitus.

Was Thucydides a greater historian than Tacitus? Matson, p. 285: Briefs and references.

Titles of honor.

Do titles operate beneficially in a community? Rowton, p. 231: References.

Total abstinence. See Liquor question.

Trade unions.

Are trade unions a benefit to the laboring class? Matson, p. 223: Briefs and references.

Are trades unions, on the whole, mischievous or beneficial? Gibson, p. 211: Briefs and references.

Labor organizations promote the best interests of workingmen. Brookings, p. 151: Briefs and references.—C. L. of P. Debates: References.

Labor unions. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Labor unions are advantageous to workingmen. Thomas, p. 208: Briefs.

Labor unions are beneficial to this country. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Labor unions as they now exist are, on the whole, beneficial to society in the United States. Pearson, p. 201: Report of debate, and references.

Reform of trade union law. Askew, 1906, p. 212: Briefs and references.

Trade unionism. Askew, 1906, p. 210: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 244: Briefs.

See also Open shop and closed shop.—Osborne judgment.

Travel and reading.

Which is the better means of culture, travel or reading? C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Trial by jury. See Jury system.

Trusts.

All trusts and combinations intended to monopolize industries should be prohibited. Brookings, p. 134: Briefs and references.

The anti-trust laws should be amended to permit fair and reasonable combinations and monopolies. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Are monopolies, on the whole, more a good than an evil to the public? Is the present general tendency to minimize competition by the formation of monopolies an evil? Matson, p. 215: Briefs and references.

Are private monopolies public evils? Gibson, p. 134: Briefs and references.

Are the so called trusts, in their working and influence, a benefit to the public? Do trusts threaten our institutions so as to warrant adverse legislation? Are trusts, in their tendency, subversive of industrial liberty? Matson, p. 217: Briefs and references.

The formation of trusts should be opposed by legislation. Alden, p. 257: Brief (negative).

Further federal legislation in respect to trusts and industrial combinations is desirable. Ringwalt, p. 131: Briefs and references.

Is a well-managed trust beneficial to the general public? Craig, p. 538: Speeches.

Present tariff on trust-made steel articles should be abolished. Wisconsin University, no. 279: References.

Trusts and monopolies are a positive injury to the people financially. Craig, p. 327: Outlines.

See also Federal charter and federal control.—Sherman anti-trust law.

Turkey.

Would the subversion of the Turkish empire be a gain to its subjects and to Europe as a whole? Matson, p. 185: Briefs and references.

Unemployed.

Cities should employ labor when the private demand for it is largely inadequate. Thomas, p. 182: Briefs.

General Booth's employment system as outlined in "Darkest England" should be adopted in this country. Brookings, p. 160: Briefs and references.

In times of depression municipalities should give work to the unemployed. Brookings, p. 168: Briefs and references.

State intervention for the unemployed. Askew, 1906, p. 213: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 246: Briefs.

See also Farm colonies.

Unions. See Trade unions.

Unitarianism.

Has the influence of American Unitarianism been favorable to Christianity? Matson, p. 484: Briefs and references.

United States.

Are the conservative forces in our nation sufficient to insure its perpetuity? Matson, p. 153: Briefs and references.

Is it probable that America will hereafter become the greatest of nations? Rowton, p. 226: References.

United States. Army. Increase. See Army (United States). Increase.

United States. Imperialism. See Imperialism (United States).

United States. Navy. Increase. See Navy (United States). Increase.

United States. Territorial expansion. See Imperialism (United States).

United States government and English government. See English government and United States government.

Universities. See Colleges and universities.

University, National. See National university.

University extension.

Askew, 1906, p. 215: Briefs and references.

Usury.

Should usury laws be repealed? Matson, p. 231: Briefs and references.

Utility.

Is the principle of utility a safe moral guide? Rowton, p. 216: References.

Vaccination.

Askew, 1906, p. 216: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 250: Briefs.

Should vaccination be enforced by law? Gibson, p. 218: Briefs and references.

Vegetarianism.

Askew, 1906, p. 219: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 252: Briefs.

Venezuela.

Resolved that we endorse President Cleveland's message relating to the Venezuelan boundary. Alden, p. 236: Speech (affirmative).

Vice and virtue.

Does not virtue necessarily produce happiness and does not vice necessarily produce misery in this life? Rowton, p. 213: References.

Victorian literature and Elizabethan literature. See Elizabethan literature and Victorian literature.

Virgil. See Iliad and AEneid.

Virtue and vice. See Vice and virtue.

Vivisection.

Askew, 1906, p. 220: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 254: Briefs.

Is the practice of vivisection for scientific purposes justifiable? Is vivisection cruel and unnecessary? Matson, p. 409: Briefs and references.

Should we prohibit vivisection? Gibson, p. 222: Briefs and references.

Voltaire.

Has the influence of Voltaire, through his writings, been on the whole beneficent? Matson, p. 354: Briefs and references.

Voting. See Ballot.

Wages.

Fair wages clause in public contracts. Askew, 1906, p. 92: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 94: Briefs.

For work the same in kind, quantity and quality, should woman receive the same wages as man? Should woman receive the same wages as man for work or service of equal value? Matson, p. 232: Briefs and references.

Wages boards. Askew, 1911, p. 257: Briefs.

Wagner.

Has Wagner made an important improvement in musical theory and practice? Is Wagner's musical drama likely to be the music of the future? Should Wagner be ranked with the great masters in music? Matson, p. 374: Briefs and references.

Wales, Church of.

Disestablishment of the church in Wales. Askew, 1906, p. 69: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 74: Briefs.

War.

Have the necessary evils of war, in the history of the world, outweighed the good results it has produced? Matson, p. 536: Briefs and references.

Is war in any case justifiable? Rowton, p. 212: References.

Ought Christians to be soldiers? Gibson, p. 226: Briefs and references.

See also Arbitration, International.—Armaments.—Disarmament.

Warrior and statesman.

The warrior does more good for his country than the statesman. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

See also The pen and the sword.

Warrior, statesman, poet.

Which is of the greatest benefit to his country, the warrior, the statesman or the poet? Rowton, p. 17: Speeches and references.

Washington and Alfred the Great. See Alfred the Great and Washington.

Washington and Franklin. See Franklin and Washington.

Washington and Lincoln. See Lincoln and Washington.

Water-power.

Congress should provide for the regulation of all water power, constitutionality conceded. C. L. of P. Debates: References.

Waterloo and Marathon. See Marathon and Waterloo.

Watt, Howard, Napoleon. See Napoleon, Howard, Watt.

Wealth.

Can a man get rich honestly? Gibson, p. 172: Briefs and references.

The state should limit by law the amount of wealth to be accumulated by any one person. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

See also Luxury.

Wealth and poverty. See Poverty and wealth.

Webster and Clay.

Were the public services of Webster more valuable to the country than the public services of Clay? Matson, p. 124: Briefs and references.

Wesley and Calvin. See Calvin and Wesley.

White races and dark races. See Dark races and white races.

Wilberforce and Howard. See Howard and Wilberforce.

Will, Freedom of. See Free will.

Williams, Roger.

Was the banishment of Roger Williams justifiable? Matson, p. 80: Briefs and references.

Wine in the communion service.

Should unfermented wine be used at the communion table? Gibson, p. 231: Briefs and references.

Witches.

Have the New England Puritans been censured too severely for their treatment of the Quakers and the so called witches? Matson, p. 78: Briefs and references.

Woman suffrage.

Debaters' handbook ser., no. 13: References and selected articles.

In the United States the right of suffrage should be granted to women. Robbins, p. 196: Briefs and references.—Thomas, p. 190: Briefs.

Should the suffrage be extended to woman? Matson, p. 148: Briefs and references.

Should women have the parliamentary franchise? Gibson, p. 238: Briefs and references.

Suffrage should be given to women. Ringwalt, p. 8: Briefs and references.—Wisconsin University, no. 214: References.—C. L. of P. Debates: References.

Woman suffrage is desirable. Brookings, p. 8: Briefs and references.

Woman suffrage should be adopted by an amendment to the constitution of the United States. Craig, p. 127: Speeches.

Women suffrage. Askew, 1906, p. 227: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 262: Briefs.

Woman's intellect and man's.

Are the mental capacities of the sexes equal? Rowton, p. 34: Speeches and references.

Is the intellect of woman essentially inferior to that of man? Matson, p. 543: Briefs and references.

Which exercises the greater influence on the civilization and happiness of the human race, the male or the female mind? Rowton, p. 221: References.

Woman's wages. See Wages.

Women.

American men of the present day are lacking in chivalrous respect for women. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Women. Education.

Does the education of girls tend toward a better home life? C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Higher education of women. Askew, 1906, p. 224: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 260: Briefs.

Women and university degrees. Askew, 1906, p. 223: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 259: Briefs.

See also Medical education for women.

Women. Employment.

Employment of women. Debaters' handbook ser., no. 3: References and selected articles.

Married women as workers. Askew, 1906, p. 225: Briefs and references.—Askew, 1911, p. 261: Briefs.

Ought we to let women work for their own living? Gibson, p. 234: Briefs and references.

Wool.

A system of duties on wool and woollens is undesirable. Brookings, p. 115: Briefs and references.

Wordsworth and Byron.

Which was the greater poet, Wordsworth or Byron? Rowton, p. 230: References.

Wordsworth and Coleridge.

Was Wordsworth a greater poet than Coleridge? Matson, p. 309: Briefs and references.

Workingmen and the church. See Church, The.

World growing better? See Optimism and pessimism.

Yellow peril.

The rapid awakening of the Mongolian race is perilous to the Caucasian supremacy of the world. Robbins, p. 204: Briefs and references.



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THE END