The Story of the ballad represents that Darnley was murdered by way of revenge for his participation in the murder of Riccio; that Mary sent for Darnley to come to Scotland, and that she was finally banished by the Regent. All of these statements, and several minor ones, contain as much truth as may be expected in a ballad of this kind.

Mary escaped from Lochleven Castle on May 2, 1568, and found refuge in England on the 16th. The ballad was doubtless written shortly afterwards. On March 24, 1579, a 'ballad concerninge the murder of the late Kinge of Scottes' was licensed to Thomas Gosson, a well-known printer of broadsides.

EARL BOTHWELL

1. Woe worth thee, woe worth thee, false Scotland! For thou hast ever wrought by a sleight; For the worthiest prince that ever was born You hanged under a cloud by night.

2. The Queen of France a letter wrote, And sealed it with heart and ring, And bade him come Scotland within, And she would marry him and crown him king.

3. To be a king, it is a pleasant thing, To be a prince unto a peer; But you have heard, and so have I too, A man may well buy gold too dear.

4. There was an Italian in that place Was as well beloved as ever was he; Lord David was his name, Chamberlain unto the queen was he.

5. For if the king had risen forth of his place, He would have sit him down in the chair, And tho' it beseemed him not so well, Altho' the king had been present there.

6. Some lords in Scotland waxed wonderous worth, And quarrell'd with him for the nonce; I shall you tell how it befell; Twelve daggers were in him all at once.

7. When this queen see the chamberlain was slain, For him her cheeks she did weet, And made a vow for a twelvemonth and a day The king and she would not come in one sheet.

8. Then some of the lords of Scotland waxed wroth, And made their vow vehemently; 'For death of the queen's chamberlain The king himself he shall die.'

9. They strowed his chamber over with gun powder, And laid green rushes in his way; For the traitors thought that night The worthy king for to betray.

10. To bed the worthy king made him boun; To take his rest, that was his desire; He was no sooner cast on sleep But his chamber was on a blazing fire.

11. Up he lope, and a glass window broke, He had thirty foot for to fall; Lord Bodwell kept a privy watch Underneath his castle wall. 'Who have we here?' said Lord Bodwell; 'Answer me, now I do call.'

12. 'King Henry the Eighth my uncle was; Some pity show for his sweet sake! Ah, Lord Bodwell, I know thee well; Some pity on me I pray thee take!'

13. 'I'll pity thee as much,' he said, 'And as much favour I'll show to thee, As thou had on the queen's chamberlain That day thou deemedst him to die.'

14. Through halls and towers this king they led, Through castles and towers that were high, Through an arbour into an orchard, And there hanged him in a pear tree.

15. When the governor of Scotland he heard tell That the worthy king he was slain, He hath banished the queen so bitterly That in Scotland she dare not remain.

16. But she is fled into merry England, And Scotland too aside hath lain, And through the Queen of England's good grace Now in England she doth remain.

[Annotations: 1.2: 'sleight,' trick. 3.3,4: A popular proverb; see The Lord of Learne, 39.3,4 (Second Series, p. 190). 10.1: 'made him boun,' prepared himself.]



DURHAM FIELD

The Text is another of the lively battle-pieces from the Percy Folio, put into modern spelling, and no other version is known or needed. The battle of Durham, which the minstrel says (27.1, 64.2) was fought on a morning of May, and (64.3,4) within a month of Crecy and Poictiers,[1] actually took place on October 17, 1346. Stanza 18 makes the king say to Lord Hamilton that they are of 'kin full nigh'; and this provides an upper limit for the date of the ballad, as James Hamilton was married to Princess Mary, sister of James III., in 1474.

[Footnote 1: Crecy was fought on August 26, 1346; Poictiers on September 19, 1356.]

The Story.—We have as authorities for the history of the battle both Scottish and English chronicles, but the ballad, as might be expected, follows neither very closely. Indeed it is not easy to reconcile the Scottish account with the English. David Bruce, the young king of Scotland, seized the opportunity afforded by Edward III.'s absence in France at the siege of Calais to invade England with a large army. They were met at Durham by an English force in three divisions, led (according to the English chronicle) by (i) the Earl of Angus, Henry Percy, Ralph Neville, and Henry Scrope, (ii) the Archbishop of York, and (iii) Mowbray, Rokeby, and John of Copland. The Scots were also in three divisions, which were led (says the Scottish version) by King David, the Earl of Murray and William Douglas, and the Steward of Scotland and the Earl of March respectively. The English chronicle puts John of Douglas with the Earl of Murray, and the Earl of Buchan with King David.

The ballad, therefore, that calls Angus 'Anguish' (11.1) and puts him on the side of the Scots, as well as Neville (17.1), and apparently confuses the two Douglases (14 and 21), is not more at variance with history than is to be expected, and in the present case is but little more vague than the historical records themselves.

'Vaughan' (13.1) may be Baughan or Buchan, though it is doubtful whether there was an Earl of Buchan in 1346. 'Fluwilliams' (41.3) is perhaps a form of Llewellyn (Shakespeare spells it Fluellen), but this does not help to identify that lord.

DURHAM FIELD

1. Lordings, listen and hold you still; Hearken to me a little [spell]; I shall you tell of the fairest battle That ever in England befell.

2. For as it befell in Edward the Third's days, In England, where he ware the crown, Then all the chief chivalry of England They busked and made them boun.

3. They chosen all the best archers That in England might be found, And all was to fight with the King of France, Within a little stound.

4. And when our king was over the water, And on the salt sea gone, Then tidings into Scotland came That all England was gone.

5. Bows and arrows they were all forth, At home was not left a man But shepherds and millers both, And priests with shaven crowns.

6. Then the King of Scots in a study stood, As he was a man of great might; He sware he would hold his Parliament in leeve London, If he could ride there right.

7. Then bespake a squire, of Scotland born, And said, 'My liege, apace, Before you come to leeve London, Full sore you'll rue that race.

8. 'There been bold yeomen in merry England, Husbandmen stiff and strong; Sharp swords they done wear, Bearen bows and arrows long.'

9. The King was angry at that word; A long sword out he drew, And there before his royal company His own squire he slew.

10. Hard hansel had the Scots that day, That wrought them woe enough, For then durst not a Scot speak a word For hanging at a bough.

11. 'The Earl of Anguish, where art thou? In my coat-armour thou shalt be, And thou shalt lead the forward Thorough the English country.

12. 'Take thee York,' then said the King, 'In stead whereas it doth stand; I'll make thy eldest son after thee Heir of all Northumberland.

13. 'The Earl of Vaughan, where be ye? In my coat-armour thou shalt be; The high Peak and Derbyshire I give it thee to thy fee.'

14. Then came in famous Douglas, Says 'What shall my meed be? And I'll lead the vanward, lord, Thorough the English country.'

15. 'Take thee Worcester,' said the King, 'Tewkesbury, Kenilworth, Burton upon Trent; Do thou not say another day But I have given thee lands and rent.

16. 'Sir Richard of Edinburgh, where are ye? A wise man in this war! I'll give thee Bristow and the shire The time that we come there.

17. 'My lord Nevill, where been ye? You must in these wars be; I'll give thee Shrewsbury,' says the King, 'And Coventry fair and free.

18. 'My lord of Hamilton, where art thou? Thou art of my kin full nigh; I'll give thee Lincoln and Lincolnshire, And that's enough for thee.'

19. By then came in William Douglas, As breme as any boar; He kneeled him down upon his knees, In his heart he sighed sore.

20. Says 'I have served you, my lovely liege, These thirty winters and four, And in the Marches between England and Scotland, I have been wounded and beaten sore.

21. 'For all the good service that I have done, What shall my meed be? And I will lead the vanward Thorough the English country.'

22. 'Ask on, Douglas,' said the King, 'And granted it shall be.' 'Why then, I ask little London,' says Will Douglas, 'Gotten if that it be.'

23. The King was wrath, and rose away; Says 'Nay, that cannot be! For that I will keep for my chief chamber, Gotten if it be.

24. 'But take thee North Wales and Westchester, The country all round about, And rewarded thou shalt be, Of that take thou no doubt.'

25. Five score knights he made on a day, And dubb'd them with his hands; Rewarded them right worthily With the towns in merry England.

26. And when the fresh knights they were made, To battle they busk them boun; James Douglas went before, And he thought to have won him shoon.

27. But they were met in a morning of May With the communalty of little England; But there scaped never a man away, Through the might of Christes hand.

28. But all only James Douglas; In Durham in the field An arrow struck him in the thigh; Fast flings he towards the King.

29. The King looked toward little Durham, Says 'All things is not well! For James Douglas bears an arrow in his thigh, The head of it is of steel.

30. 'How now, James?' then said the King, 'How now, how may this be? And where been all thy merry men That thou took hence with thee?'

31. 'But cease, my King,' says James Douglas, 'Alive is not left a man!' 'Now by my faith,' says the King of the Scots, 'That gate was evil gone.

32. 'But I'll revenge thy quarrel well, And of that thou may be fain; For one Scot will beat five Englishmen, If they meeten them on the plain,'

33. 'Now hold your tongue,' says James Douglas, 'For in faith that is not so; For one Englishman is worth five Scots, When they meeten together tho.

34. 'For they are as eager men to fight As a falcon upon a prey; Alas! if ever they win the vanward, There scapes no man away.'

35. 'O peace thy talking,' said the King, 'They be but English knaves, But shepherds and millers both, And priests with their staves.'

36. The King sent forth one of his heralds of armes To view the Englishmen. 'Be of good cheer,' the herald said, 'For against one we be ten.'

37. 'Who leads those lads,' said the King of Scots, 'Thou herald, tell thou me.' The herald said 'The Bishop of Durham Is captain of that company.

38. 'For the Bishop hath spread the King's banner, And to battle he busks him boun.' 'I swear by St. Andrew's bones,' says the King, 'I'll rap that priest on the crown.'

39. The King looked towards little Durham, And that he well beheld, That the Earl Percy was well armed, With his battle-axe entered the field.

40. The King looked again towards little Durham, Four ancients there see he; There were two standards, six in a valley, He could not see them with his eye.

41. My lord of York was one of them, My lord of Carlisle was the other, And my lord Fluwilliams, The one came with the other.

42. The Bishop of Durham commanded his men, And shortly he them bade, That never a man should go to the field to fight Till he had served his God.

43. Five hundred priests said mass that day In Durham in the field, And afterwards, as I heard say, They bare both spear and shield.

44. The Bishop of Durham orders himself to fight With his battle-axe in his hand; He said 'This day now I will fight As long as I can stand!'

45. 'And so will I,' said my lord of Carlisle, 'In this fair morning gay.' 'And so will I,' said my lord Fluwilliams, 'For Mary, that mild may.'

46. Our English archers bent their bows Shortly and anon; They shot over the Scottish host And scantly touched a man.

47. 'Hold down your hands,' said the Bishop of Durham, 'My archers good and true.' The second shoot that they shot, Full sore the Scots it rue.

48. The Bishop of Durham spoke on high That both parties might hear, 'Be of good cheer, my merrymen all, The Scots flien and changen their cheer.'

49. But as they saiden, so they diden, They fell on heapes high; Our Englishmen laid on with their bows As fast as they might dree.

50. The King of Scots in a study stood Amongst his company; An arrow struck him thorough the nose, And thorough his armoury.

51. The King went to a marsh-side And light beside his steed; He leaned him down on his sword-hilts To let his nose bleed.

52. There followed him a yeoman of merry England, His name was John of Copland; 'Yield thee, traitor!' says Copland then, 'Thy life lies in my hand.'

53. 'How should I yield me,' says the King, 'And thou art no gentleman?' 'No, by my troth,' says Copland there, 'I am but a poor yeoman.

54. 'What art thou better than I, sir King? Tell me, if that thou can! What art thou better than I, sir King, Now we be but man to man?'

55. The King smote angrily at Copland then, Angrily in that stound; And then Copland was a bold yeoman, And bore the King to the ground.

56. He set the King upon a palfrey, Himself upon a steed; He took him by the bridle-rein, Towards London he gan him lead.

57. And when to London that he came, The King from France was new come home, And there unto the King of Scots He said these words anon.

58. 'How like you my shepherds and my millers? My priests with shaven crowns?' 'By my faith, they are the sorest fighting men That ever I met on the ground.

59. 'There was never a yeoman in merry England But he was worth a Scottish knight.' 'Ay, by my troth,' said King Edward, and laugh, 'For you fought all against the right.'

60. But now the prince of merry England Worthily under his shield Hath taken the King of France, At Poictiers in the field.

61. The prince did present his father with that food, The lovely King of France, And forward of his journey he is gone. God send us all good chance!

62. 'You are welcome, brother!' said the King of Scots to the King of France, 'For I am come hither too soon; Christ leve that I had taken my way Unto the court of Rome!'

63. 'And so would I,' said the King of France, 'When I came over the stream, That I had taken my journey Unto Jerusalem!'

64. Thus ends the battle of fair Durham, In one morning of May, The battle of Crecy, and the battle of Poictiers, All within one monthes day.

65. Then was wealth and welfare in merry England, Solaces, game, and glee, And every man loved other well, And the king loved good yeomanry.

66. But God that made the grass to grow, And leaves on greenwood tree, Now save and keep our noble King, And maintain good yeomanry!

[Annotations: 1.2: '[spell]' suggested by Child. 6.3: 'leeve,' pleasant, dear; formerly a regular epithet of London. 10.1: 'Hard hansel,' bad omen. 12.2: 'stead,' place. 14.1: 'famous' may be a scribe's error for 'James.' 14.3: 'vanward,' vanguard. 15.2: The manuscript gives 'Tuxburye, Killingworth.' 19.2: 'breme,' fierce. 26.2: 'they busk them boun,' they make themselves ready. 31.4: 'gate,' way. 33.4: 'tho,' then. 40.2: 'ancients,' ensigns. 44.1: 'orders,' prepares. 45.4: 'may,' = maid; the Virgin. 46.4: 'scantly,' scarcely. 48.4: 'cheer,' face, appearance. 49.4: 'dree,' hold out. 53.2: 'And,' if. 61.1: 'food,' man. 62.1: The last five words are perhaps inserted by the scribe. 62.3: 'leve,' grant.]



THE BATTLE OF HARLAW

The Text of this ballad was sent to Professor Child by Mr. C. E. Dalrymple of Kinaldie, Aberdeenshire, from whose version the printed variants (Notes and Queries, Third Series, vii. 393, and Aytoun's Ballads of Scotland, i. 75) have been more or less directly derived.

The ballad is one of those mentioned in The Complaynt of Scotland (1549), like the 'Hunttis of Chevet' (see p. 2 of this volume). It is again mentioned as being in print in 1668; but the latter may possibly refer to a poem on the battle, afterwards printed in Allan Ramsay's Evergreen. The fact that the present ballad omits all reference to the Earl of Mar, and deals with the Forbes brothers, who are not otherwise known to have taken part in the battle, disposes Professor Child to believe that it is a comparatively recent ballad.

The Story.—The battle of Harlaw was fought on July 24, 1411. Harlaw is eighteen miles north-west of Aberdeen, Dunidier a hill on the Aberdeen road, and Netherha' is close at hand. Balquhain (2.2) is a mile south of Harlaw, while Drumminnor (15.3) is more than twenty miles away—though the horse covered the distance there and back in 'twa hours an' a quarter' (16.3).

The ballad is narrated by 'John Hielan'man' to Sir James the Rose (derived from the ballad of that name given earlier in the present volume) and Sir John the Gryme (Graeme). 'Macdonell' is Donald of the Isles, who, as claimant to the Earldom of Ross, advanced on Aberdeen, and was met at Harlaw by the Earl of Mar and Alexander Ogilvy, sheriff of Angus. It was a stubborn fight, though it did not last from Monday to Saturday (23), and Donald lost nine hundred men and the other party five hundred.

Child finds a difficulty with the use of the word 'she' in 4.3, despite 'me' in the two previous lines. Had it been 'her,' the difficulty would not have arisen.

THE BATTLE OF HARLAW

1. As I cam in by Dunidier, An' doun by Netherha', There was fifty thousand Hielan'men A-marching to Harlaw. Wi' a dree dree dradie drumtie dree

2. As I cam on, an' farther on, An' doun an' by Balquhain, Oh there I met Sir James the Rose, Wi' him Sir John the Gryme.

3. 'O cam ye frae the Hielan's, man? An' cam ye a' the wey? Saw ye Macdonell an' his men, As they cam frae the Skee?'

4. 'Yes, me cam frae ta Hielan's, man, An' me cam a' ta wey, An' she saw Macdonell an' his men, As they cam frae ta Skee.'

5. 'Oh was ye near Macdonell's men? Did ye their numbers see? Come, tell to me, John Hielan'man, What micht their numbers be?'

6. 'Yes, me was near, an' near eneuch, An' me their numbers saw; There was fifty thousan' Hielan'men A-marchin' to Harlaw.'

7. 'Gin that be true,' says James the Rose, 'We'll no come meikle speed; We'll cry upo' our merry men, And lichtly mount our steed.'

8. 'Oh no, oh no,' says John the Gryme, 'That thing maun never be; The gallant Grymes were never bate, We'll try phat we can dee.'

9. As I cam on, an' farther on, An' doun an' by Harlaw, They fell fu' close on ilka side; Sic fun ye never saw.

10. They fell fu' close on ilka side, Sic fun ye never saw; For Hielan' swords gied clash for clash At the battle o' Harlaw.

11. The Hielan'men, wi' their lang swords, They laid on us fu' sair, An' they drave back our merry men Three acres breadth an' mair.

12. Brave Forbes to his brither did say, 'Noo, brither, dinna ye see? They beat us back on ilka side, An' we'se be forced to flee.'

13. 'Oh no, oh no, my brither dear, That thing maun never be; Tak' ye your good sword in your hand, An' come your wa's wi' me.'

14. 'Oh no, oh no, my brither dear, The clans they are ower strang, An' they drive back our merry men, Wi' swords baith sharp an' lang.'

15. Brave Forbes drew his men aside, Said 'Tak' your rest awhile, Until I to Drumminnor send, To fess my coat o' mail.'

16. The servant he did ride, An' his horse it did na fail, For in twa hours an' a quarter He brocht the coat o' mail.

17. Then back to back the brithers twa Gaed in amo' the thrang, An' they hewed doun the Hielan'men, Wi' swords baith sharp an' lang.

18. Macdonell he was young an' stout, Had on his coat o' mail, An' he has gane oot throw them a', To try his han' himsell.

19. The first ae straik that Forbes strack, He garrt Macdonell reel, An' the neist ae straik that Forbes strack, The great Macdonell fell.

20. An' siccan a lierachie I'm sure ye never saw As wis amo' the Hielan'men, When they saw Macdonell fa'.

21. An' whan they saw that he was deid, They turn'd an' ran awa, An' they buried him in Leggett's Den, A large mile frae Harlaw.

22. They rade, they ran, an' some did gang, They were o' sma' record; But Forbes an' his merry men, They slew them a' the road.

23. On Monanday, at mornin', The battle it began, On Saturday, at gloamin', Ye'd scarce kent wha had wan.

24. An' sic a weary buryin' I'm sure ye never saw As wis the Sunday after that, On the muirs aneath Harlaw.

25. Gin ony body speer at you For them ye took awa', Ye may tell their wives and bairnies They're sleepin' at Harlaw.

[Annotations: 15.4: 'fess,' fetch. 19.1: 'ae,' one. 20.1: 'lierachie,' confusion, hubbub. 25.1: 'speer at,' ask of.]



THE LAIRD OF KNOTTINGTON

The Text was sent to Percy in 1768 by R. Lambe of Norham. The ballad is widely known in Scotland under several titles, but the most usual is The Broom of Cowdenknows, which was the title used by Scott in the Minstrelsy.

The Story is not consistently told in this version, as in 11.3,4 the daughter gives away her secret to her father in an absurd fashion.

An English song, printed as a broadside about 1640, The Lovely Northerne Lasse, is directed to be sung 'to a pleasant Scotch tune, called The broom of Cowden Knowes.' It is a poor variant of our ballad, in the usual broadside style, and cannot have been written by any one fully acquainted with the Scottish ballad. It is in the Roxburghe, Douce, and other collections.

THE LAIRD OF KNOTTINGTON

1. There was a troop of merry gentlemen Was riding atween twa knows, And they heard the voice of a bonny lass, In a bught milking her ews.

2. There's ane o' them lighted frae off his steed, And has ty'd him to a tree, And he's gane away to yon ew-bught, To hear what it might be.

3. 'O pity me, fair maid,' he said, 'Take pity upon me; O pity me, and my milk-white steed That's trembling at yon tree.'

4. 'As for your steed, he shall not want The best of corn and hay; But as to you yoursel', kind sir, I've naething for to say.'

5. He's taen her by the milk-white hand, And by the green gown-sleeve, And he has led her into the ew-bught, Of her friends he speer'd nae leave.

6. He has put his hand in his pocket, And given her guineas three; 'If I dinna come back in half a year, Then luke nae mair for me.

7. 'Now show to me the king's hie street, Now show to me the way; Now show to me the king's hie street, And the fair water of Tay.'

8. She show'd to him the king's hie street, She show'd to him the way; She show'd him the way that he was to go, By the fair water of Tay.

9. When she came hame, her father said, 'Come, tell to me right plain; I doubt you've met some in the way, You have not been your lain.'

10. 'The night it is baith mist and mirk, You may gan out and see; The night is mirk and misty too, There's nae body been wi' me.

11. 'There was a tod came to your flock, The like I ne'er did see; When he spake, he lifted his hat, He had a bonny twinkling ee.'

12. When fifteen weeks were past and gane, Full fifteen weeks and three, Then she began to think it lang For the man wi' the twinkling ee.

13. It fell out on a certain day, When she cawd out her father's ky, There was a troop of gentlemen Came merrily riding by.

14. 'Weel may ye sigh and sob,' says ane, 'Weel may you sigh and see; Weel may you sigh and say, fair maid, Wha's gotten this bairn wi' thee?'

15. She turned hersel' then quickly about, And thinking meikle shame; 'O no, kind sir, it is na sae, For it has a dad at hame.'

16. 'O hawd your tongue, my bonny lass, Sae loud as I hear you lee! For dinna you mind that summer night I was in the bught wi' thee?'

17. He lighted off his milk-white steed, And set this fair maid on; 'Now caw out your ky, good father,' he said, 'She'll ne'er caw them out again.

18. 'I am the laird of Knottington, I've fifty plows and three; I've gotten now the bonniest lass That is in the hale country.'

[Annotations: 1.2: 'knows,' knolls. 1.4: 'bught,' sheep-pen. 9.4: 'your lain,' by yourself. 11.1: 'tod,' fox. 18.2: 'plows': as much land as a plough will till in a year.]



THE WHUMMIL BORE

The Text is from Motherwell's MS. He included it in the Appendix to his Minstrelsy. No other collector or editor notices the ballad—'if it ever were one,' as Child remarks.

The only point to be noted is that the second stanza has crept into two versions of Hind Horn, apparently because of the resemblance of the previous stanzas, which present a mere ballad-commonplace.

THE WHUMMIL BORE

1. Seven lang years I hae served the king, Fa fa fa fa lilly And I never got a sight of his daughter but ane. With my glimpy, glimpy, glimpy eedle, Lillum too tee a ta too a tee a ta a tally

2. I saw her thro' a whummil bore, And I ne'er got a sight of her no more.

3. Twa was putting on her gown, And ten was putting pins therein.

4. Twa was putting on her shoon, And twa was buckling them again.

5. Five was combing down her hair, And I never got a sight of her nae mair.

6. Her neck and breast was like the snow, Then from the bore I was forced to go.

[Annotations: 1.2,4,5: The burden is of course repeated in each stanza. 2.1: 'whummil bore,' a hole bored with a whimble or gimlet.]



LORD MAXWELL'S LAST GOODNIGHT

The Text is from the Glenriddell MSS., and is the one on which Sir Walter Scott based the version given in the Border Minstrelsy. Byron notes in the preface to Childe Harold that 'the good-night in the beginning of the first canto was suggested by Lord Maxwell's Goodnight in the Border Minstrelsy.'

The Story.—John, ninth Lord Maxwell, killed Sir James Johnstone in 1608; the feud between the families was of long standing (see 3.4), beginning in 1585. Lord Maxwell fled the country, and was sentenced to death in his absence. On his return in 1612 he was betrayed by a kinsman, and beheaded at Edinburgh on May 21, 1613. This was the end of the feud, which contained cases of treachery and perfidy on both sides.

'Robert of Oarchyardtoun' was Sir Robert Maxwell of Orchardton, Lord Maxwell's cousin.

'Drumlanrig,' 'Cloesburn,' and 'the laird of Lagg' were respectively named Douglas, Kirkpatrick, and Grierson.

The Maxwells had houses, or custody of houses at Dumfries, Lochmaben, Langholm, and Thrieve; and Carlaverock Castle is still theirs.

As for Lord Maxwell's 'lady and only joy,' the ballad neglects the fact that he instituted a process of divorce against her, and that she died, while it was pending, in 1608, five years before the date of the 'Goodnight.'

LORD MAXWELL'S LAST GOODNIGHT

1. 'Adiew, madam my mother dear, But and my sisters two! Adiew, fair Robert of Oarchyardtoun For thee my heart is woe.

2. 'Adiew, the lilly and the rose, The primrose, sweet to see! Adiew, my lady and only joy! For I manna stay with thee.

3. 'Tho' I have killed the laird Johnston, What care I for his feed? My noble mind dis still incline; He was my father's dead.

4. 'Both night and day I laboured oft Of him revenged to be, And now I've got what I long sought; But I manna stay with thee.

5. 'Adiew, Drumlanrig! false was ay, And Cloesburn! in a band, Where the laird of Lagg fra my father fled When the Johnston struck off his hand.

6. 'They were three brethren in a band; Joy may they never see! But now I've got what I long sought, And I maunna stay with thee.

7. 'Adiew, Dumfries, my proper place, But and Carlaverock fair! Adiew, the castle of the Thrieve, And all my buildings there!

8. 'Adiew, Lochmaben's gates so fair, The Langholm shank, where birks they be! Adiew, my lady and only joy! And, trust me, I maunna stay with thee.

9. 'Adiew, fair Eskdale, up and down, Where my poor friends do dwell! The bangisters will ding them down, And will them sore compel.

10. 'But I'll revenge that feed mysell When I come ou'r the sea; Adiew, my lady and only joy! For I maunna stay with thee.'

11. 'Lord of the land, will you go then Unto my father's place, And walk into their gardens green, And I will you embrace.

12. 'Ten thousand times I'll kiss your face, And sport, and make you merry.' 'I thank thee, my lady, for thy kindness, But, trust me, I maunna stay with thee.'

13. Then he took off a great gold ring, Whereat hang signets three; 'Hae, take thee that, my ain dear thing, And still hae mind of me;

14. 'But if thow marry another lord Ere I come ou'r the sea; Adiew, my lady and only joy! For I maunna stay with thee.'

15. The wind was fair, the ship was close, That good lord went away, And most part of his friends were there, To give him a fair convay.

16. They drank thair wine, they did not spare, Even in the good lord's sight; Now he is o'er the floods so gray, And Lord Maxwell has ta'en his goodnight.

[Annotations: 3.2: 'feed,' feud. 3.4: 'dead,' death. 8.2: 'shank,' point of a hill. 9.3: 'bangisters,' roisterers, freebooters. 14.1: 'But if,' unless.]



END OF THE THIRD SERIES



APPENDIX

THE JOLLY JUGGLER

The Text is from a manuscript at Balliol College, Oxford, No. 354, already referred to in the First Series (p. 80) as supplying a text of The Nut-brown Maid. The manuscript, which is of the early part of the sixteenth century, has been edited by Ewald Fluegel in Anglia, vol. xxvi., where the present ballad appears on pp. 278-9. I have only modernised the spelling, and broken up the lines, as the ballad is written in two long lines and a short one to each stanza.

No other text is known to me. The volume of Anglia containing the ballad was not published till 1903, some five years after Professor Child's death; and I believe he would have included it in his collection had he known of it.

The Story narrates the subjugation of a proud lady who scorns all her wooers, by a juggler who assumes the guise of a knight. On the morrow the lady discovers her paramour to be a churl, and he is led away to execution, but escapes by juggling himself into a meal-bag: the dust falls in the lady's eye.

It would doubtless require a skilled folk-lorist to supply full critical notes and parallels; but I subjoin such details as I have been able to collect.

In The Beggar Laddie (Child, No. 280, v. 116) a pretended beggar or shepherd-boy induces a lassie to follow him, 'because he was a bonny laddie.' They come to his father's (or brother's) hall; he knocks, four-and-twenty gentlemen welcome him in, and as many gay ladies attend the lassie, who is thenceforward a knight's or squire's lady.

In The Jolly Beggar (Child, No. 279, v. 109), which, with the similar Scottish poem The Gaberlunzie Man, is attributed without authority to James V. of Scotland, a beggar takes up his quarters in a house, and will only lie behind the hall-door, or by the fire. The lassie rises to bar the door, and is seized by the beggar. He asks if there are dogs in the town, as they would steal all his 'meal-pocks.' She throws the meal-pocks over the wall, saying, 'The deil go with your meal-pocks, my maidenhead, and a'.' The beggar reveals himself as a braw gentleman.

A converse story is afforded by the first part of the Norse tale translated by Dasent in Popular Tales from the Norse, 1888, p. 39, under the title of Hacon Grizzlebeard. A princess refuses all suitors, and mocks them publicly. Hacon Grizzlebeard, a prince, comes to woo her. She makes the king's fool mutilate the prince's horses, and then makes game of his appearance as he drives out the next day. Resolved to take his revenge, Hacon disguises himself as a beggar, attracts the princess's notice by means of a golden spinning-wheel, its stand, and a golden wool-winder, and sells them to her for the privilege of sleeping firstly outside her door, secondly beside her bed, and finally in it. The rest of the tale narrates Hacon's method of breaking down the princess's pride.

Other parallels of incident and phraseology may be noted:—

4.1 'well good steed'; 'well good,' a commonplace = very good; for 'well good steed,' cf. John o' the Side, 34.3 (p. 162 of this volume).

7.1 'Four-and-twenty knights.' The number is a commonplace in ballads; especially cf. The Beggar Laddie (as above), Child's text A, st. 13:

'Four an' tuenty gentelmen They conved the beager ben, An' as mony gay lades Conved the beager's lassie.'

12.4 For the proper mediaeval horror of 'churl's blood,' see Glasgerion, stt. 12, 19 (First Series, pp. 4, 5).

13.3 'meal-pock.' The meal-bag was part of the professional beggar's outfit; see Will Stewart and John, 78.3 (Child, No. 107, ii. 437). For blinding with meal-dust, see Robin Hood and the Beggar, ii. 77, 78 (Child, No. 134, iii. 163). The meal-pock also occurs in The Jolly Beggar, as cited above.

THE JOLLY JUGGLER

Draw me near, draw me near, Draw me near, ye jolly jugglere!

1. Here beside dwelleth A rich baron's daughter; She would have no man That for her love had sought her. So nice she was!

2. She would have no man That was made of mould, But if he had a mouth of gold To kiss her when she would. So dangerous she was!

3. Thereof heard a jolly juggler That laid was on the green; And at this lady's words I wis he had great teen. An-ang'red he was!

4. He juggled to him a well good steed Of an old horse-bone, A saddle and a bridle both, And set himself thereon. A juggler he was!

5. He pricked and pranced both Before that lady's gate; She wend he [had] been an angel Was come for her sake. A pricker he was!

6. He pricked and pranced Before that lady's bower; She wend he had been an angel Come from heaven tower. A prancer he was!

7. Four-and-twenty knights Led him into the hall, And as many squires His horse to the stall, And gave him meat.

8. They gave him oats And also hay; He was an old shrew And held his head away. He would not eat.

9. The day began to pass, The night began to come, To bed was brought The fair gentlewoman, And the juggler also.

10. The night began to pass, The day began to spring; All the birds of her bower, They began to sing, And the cuckoo also!

11. 'Where be ye, my merry maidens, That ye come not me to? The jolly windows of my bower Look that you undo, That I may see!

12. 'For I have in mine arms A duke or else an earl.' But when she looked him upon, He was a blear-eyed churl. 'Alas!' she said.

13. She led him to an hill, And hanged should he be. He juggled himself to a meal-pock; The dust fell in her eye; Beguiled she was.

14. God and our Lady And sweet Saint Joham Send every giglot of this town Such another leman, Even as he was!

[Annotations: 2.3: 'But if,' unless. 3.4: 'teen,' wrath. 5.3, 6.3: 'wend,' thought. 5.3: 'had' omitted in the manuscript. 8.3: 'He': the manuscript reads '&.' 13.3: 'meal-pock,' meal-bag. 14.3: 'giglot,' wench.]



INDEX OF TITLES PAGE

Baron of Brackley, The, 122 Battle of Harlaw, The, 194 Battle of Otterburn, The, 16 Bessy Bell and Mary Gray, 133 Bewick and Grahame, 101 Braes of Yarrow, The, 34

Captain Car, 62 Clyde's Water, 140

Death of Parcy Reed, The, 93 Dick o' the Cow, 75 Durham Field, 181

Earl Bothwell, 177

Fire of Frendraught, The, 112 Flodden Field, 71

Gardener, The, 153 Geordie, 118 Gipsy Laddie, The, 129

Heir of Linne, The, 170 Hunting of the Cheviot, The, 1

Jamie Douglas, 164 John o' the Side, 156 Johnie Armstrong, 30 Jolly Juggler, The, 211

Katharine Jaffray, 145 Kinmont Willie, 49

Laird of Knottington, The, 200 Laird o' Logie, The, 58 Lizie Lindsay, 148 Lord Maxwell's Last Goodnight, 206

Mary Hamilton, 44

Outlyer Bold, The, 40

Sir Hugh in the Grime's Downfall, 89 Sir James the Rose, 135 Sir Patrick Spence, 68

Twa Brothers, The, 37 Waly, waly, gin love be bonny, 168 Whummil Bore, The, 204

INDEX OF FIRST LINES PAGE

Adiew, madam my mother dear, 207 As I cam in by Dunidier, 195

God send the land deliverance, 94 Good Lord John is a hunting gone, 89

Here beside dwelleth, 214

I dreamed a dreary dream this night, 34 Inverey cam doun Deeside, whistlin' and playin', 123 It befell at Martynmas, 63 It's of a young lord o' the Hielands, 148 I will sing, if ye will hearken, 59

King Jamie hath made a vow, 72

Lordings, listen and hold you still, 182

Now Liddisdale has long lain in, 76

O Bessie Bell and Mary Gray, 134 Of all the lords in fair Scotland, 171 O have ye na heard o' the fause Sakelde, 50 O heard ye of Sir James the Rose, 135 Old Grahame he is to Carlisle gone, 101 O waly, waly up the bank, 168

Peter o' Whifield he hath slain, 157

Seven lang years I hae served the king, 204

The eighteenth of October, 113 The gardener stands in his bower-door, 153 The king sits in Dumferling toune, 69 The Perse owt off Northombarlonde, 3 There cam singers to Earl Cassillis' gates, 130 There dwelt a man in faire Westmerland, 30 There liv'd a lass in yonder dale, 145 There was a battle in the north, 118 There was a troop of merry gentlemen, 200 There were three sisters, they lived in a bower, 40 There were twa brethren in the north, 37

Waly, waly up the bank, 165 Woe worth thee, woe worth thee, false Scotland, 177 Word's gane to the kitchen, 46

Ye gie corn unto my horse, 141 Yt fell abowght the Lamasse tyde, 18



Printed by T. and A. CONSTABLE, Printers to His Majesty at the Edinburgh University Press

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Errata:

Bewick and Grahame [Stanza 33.] But if thou be a man, as I trow thou art, text reads "he a man" Durham Field "Crecy" consistently written with cedilla Lord Maxwell's Last Goodnight [editor's introduction] As for Lord Maxwell's 'lady and only joy,' close quote missing

THE END