1871. Nov. 23. Mozart's Symphony in C given by the Harvard Musical Association; also Handel's Concerto for oboe, with A. Kugler as soloist, in Boston.

1871. Dec. 2. Rubinstein's Pianoforte Concerto in D minor given in Boston, by Theodore Thomas Orchestra, with Marie Krebs as soloist.

1871. Dec. 6. Introduction and final scene from Wagner's opera "Tristan und Isolde"; also Raff's Symphony in F, given by Theodore Thomas in Boston.

1871. Dec. 7. Haydn's Third Symphony (E flat) given by the Harvard Musical Association, in Boston.

1871. The Illinois College Conservatory of Music, Jacksonville, Ill., established, with I. B. Posnawski as director.

1871. The Apollo Club (male voices) established in Boston with B. J. Lang as conductor.

1872. Jan. 6. Reinecke's Pianoforte Concerto in F sharp minor (Op. 72) given by the Philharmonic Society, New York City, with S. B. Mills as soloist.

1872. Jan. 20. Cherubini's opera "Les Deux Journees" (The Water Carriers) presented in Boston, by Madame Parepa-Rosa and her company. First New York performance was Feb. 10.

1872. Jan. 20. Liszt's symphonic poem "Orpheus" given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1872. Feb. 1. Haydn's "Oxford Symphony" (in G) given by the Harvard Musical Association, in Boston.

1872. Feb. 14. American debut of Charles Santley, noted English baritone, in "Zampa" at New York City.

1872. Feb. 23. Gade's Third Concert Overture given in Boston, by the Harvard Musical Association.

1872. Mar. 7. Taubert's "Arabian Nights" overture; and Mozart's Seventh Pianoforte Concerto (C minor) with Hugo Leonhard as soloist, given by the Harvard Musical Association, in Boston.

1872. Mar. 22. Ambroise Thomas's opera "Hamlet" presented in New York City, with Christine Nilsson as Ophelia, Annie Louise Cary as The Queen, Brignoli as Laertes, A. Barre as Hamlet, Coletti as The Ghost, Reichardt as Horatio, and Locatelli as Polonius.

1872. May 30. Rubinstein's humoresque "Don Quixote," given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1872. Aug. 1. Raff's overture to "Dame Kobold," and

1872. Sept. 17. Wagner's "Ride of the Valkyries" given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1872. Sept. 23. Anton Rubinstein, great Russian pianist, and Henri Wieniawski, noted violinist, made their American debut at Steinway Hall, New York City, and then toured the country.

1872. Sept. 30. American debut of Pauline Lucca, noted soprano, as Selika in "L'Africaine" at the Academy of Music, New York City, under Maretzek.

1872. Nov. 22. Ambroise Thomas's opera "Mignon" presented at the Academy of Music, New York City, with Christine Nilsson and Capoul in the leading parts.

1872. Dec. 3. Liszt's eleventh symphonic poem, "The Battle of the Huns" (Hunnenschlacht), given at a concert in Boston, by Theodore Thomas.

1872. Dec. 14. Raff's Fourth Symphony (in G) given by the Philharmonic Society, New York City.

1872. Second Peace Jubilee held in Boston.

1872. Orpheus Club (male chorus) formed in Philadelphia.

1872. Emil Sauret, noted French violinist, made his first concert tour in America.

1873. Jan. 9. Cherubini's overture to "Ali Baba" played in Boston.

1873. Jan. 18. Liszt's "Hirtengesang" from "Christus" given by the Philharmonic Society, New York City.

1873. Jan. 21. First concert of the Apollo Club of Chicago, given at Standard Hall. The club was organized Sept. 1872, with George P. Upton, president, and Silas Pratt, conductor.

1873. Feb. 15. Gade's Eighth Symphony (B minor) given by the Philharmonic Society, New York City.

1873. Mar. 13, Mozart's Pianoforte Concerto in A given by the Harvard Musical Association, in Boston.

1873. May 22. J. O. Grimm's Second Suite in Canon Form, given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1873. May 29. Brahm's Serenade in D given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1873. June 3. Production of John K. Paine's oratorio "St. Peter" at Portland, Me., with Emma Thursby, Adelaide Phillips, George Osgood, and Rudolphson as soloists.

1873. June 12. Svensden's First Symphony (in D) given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1873. Sept. 18. Svensden's symphonic overture "Sigurd Slembe" given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City, and Sept. 23, A. Hamerik's "Nordish Suite."

1873. Oct. 1. American debut of Italo Campanini, great Italian tenor, as Gennaro in "Lucrezia Borgia," in New York City, at the Academy of Music.

1873. Oct. 3. American debut of Victor Maurel, great French baritone, as Valentine in "Faust" at the Academy of Music, New York City.

1873. Oct. 7. American debut of Ilma di Murska, noted Polish soprano, as Amina in "La Sonnambula" at the Grand Opera House, New York City, under Strakosch.

1873. Nov. 6. W. Sterndale Bennett's Pianoforte Concerto in E given by the Harvard Musical Association, in Boston, with E. Perabo as soloist.

1873. Nov. 15. Max Bruch's introduction to "Loreley" given by the Philharmonic Society, New York City.

1873. Nov. 26. Verdi's opera "Aida" presented at the Academy of Music, New York City, by M. Strakosch with Torriani as Aida, Annie Louise Cary as Amneris, Campanini as Rhadames, Victor Maurel as Amonasro, Manetti as Ramfis, and Scolara as The King.

1873. Dec. 3. Raff's "Lenore Symphony" (fifth—in E) given by Theodore Thomas, in Boston.

1873. Germania Orchestra organized in Pittsburgh, Pa.

1873. A Conservatory of Music established in connection with Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill.

1873. Madame Julie Rive-King, noted American pianist, made her debut in Cincinnati, O.

1874. Jan. 10. Volkmann's Serenade in D minor given by Theodore Thomas, in Brooklyn, N.Y.

1874. Jan. 24. Rubinstein's character sketch "Ivan IV" given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas, and

1874. Jan. 28. Meyerbeer's "Inauguration March."

1874. Feb. 14. George F. Bristow's "Arcadian Symphony" given by the Philharmonic Society, New York City, also Gade's overture to "Michael Angelo."

1874. May 8. Bach's Passion Music according to St. Matthew given, in part, by the Handel and Haydn Society in Boston. Selections had been given May 13, 1871, and the work was given complete, in two concerts in 1879.

1874. May 14. Hofmann's "Hungarian Suite"; the overture to Gounod's "Le Medecin Maigre Lui"; and C.M. von Weber's overture to "Abu Hassan" given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1874. May 20. Gounod's overture to "Mireille" given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1874. May 21. Hiller's "Dramatic Fantasia," and Saint-Saen's "Marche Heroique" given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1874. July 16. Sullivan's overture to "The Tempest"; July 29, Massenet's "Scenes Pittoresques"; and July 30, Ferdinand David's "Festival March," given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1874. Aug. 13. Reinecke's "In Memoriam"; and Aug. 21, Zellner's "Die Schoene Melusine" given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1874. Sept. 17. Rubinstein's "Ouverture Triomphale" given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1874. Oct. 28. Grieg's Pianoforte Concerto in A minor, given at a Theodore Thomas concert in Boston, with Boskowitz as soloist.

1874. Nov. 14. Raff's Pianoforte Concerto, Opus 185, given by the Philharmonic Society, New York City, with Lina Luckhardt as soloist.

1874. Nov. 27. Bach's Suite in B minor given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1874. Dec. 12. Bach's "Ciaconna" in D minor, arranged for orchestra by Raff, given by the Philharmonic Society, New York City.

1874. Madame Emmy Fursch-Madi made her American debut in New Orleans, La., with the French Opera Company. She was heard in New York in 1882, and became professor of singing at the National Conservatory, New York City. Debut Nov. 7, 1883, as Ortrud in "Lohengrin."

1874. Clara Louise Kellogg made her American operatic debut under Maurice Grau, in New York City. (She had appeared as Gilda in "Rigoletto" at the Academy of Music in 1861 (Feb. 27), before going to Europe, and had concertized in the United States for four years, 1868-1872.)

1874. The Cecilia Society of Boston organized with B. J. Lang as conductor.



CHAPTER VI

1875-1890

The period of fifteen years from 1875 to 1890 was most certainly a period of progress. Not only was the country growing rapidly in population and wealth, but means of communication were much greater and more efficient than in the preceding years. The present writer well remembers a journey from San Francisco to St. Louis, and on to Boston in 1878, when there was one single track railroad between Oakland and Omaha. Cheyenne consisted of two rows of primitive looking wooden houses, behind which were "anchored" many emigrants' wagons, or "prairie schooners" as they were called. Only a few years later (in the early eighties) Colonel Mapleson visited Cheyenne with his opera company, which included Patti and Gerster, and wrote thus of the place: "Although Cheyenne is but a little town, consisting of about two streets, it possesses a most refined society, composed, it is true, of cow-boys; yet one might have imagined oneself at the London Opera when the curtain rose,—the ladies in brilliant toilettes and covered with diamonds; the gentlemen all in evening dress. The entire little town is lighted by electricity. The club-house is one of the pleasantest I have ever visited, and the people are most hospitable."

This account reminds the writer of a visit, not so many years ago, to Oklahoma City where the ladies resembled those of Cheyenne. There was, however, but one gentleman, within the writer's range of vision, in evening dress. And when Mapleson visited Cheyenne Oklahoma was an Indian reservation. Thus has civilization advanced.

In 1875 San Francisco was already a good-sized city, but almost the whole country between San Francisco and Chicago and St. Louis has been developed since 1875.

In San Francisco we find the establishment of the "Loring Club" in 1877. But good music was getting its roots in deeper in the East. In New York the "Symphony Society" was founded by Dr. Leopold Damrosch in 1878, and was followed in 1881 by the "Boston Symphony Orchestra," which was established through the liberality of Major Henry L. Higginson.

"The Music Teachers' National Association" was also formed in 1876, and while it is not in the public eye in the way that opera and concerts are, yet its influence throughout the land has been very marked, and has led to state associations, with their annual conferences, and exchanges of views among teachers.

In the concert world we find the names of several celebrities,—Rubinstein had visited America in 1872, and Hans von Buelow in 1875, Moritz Rosenthal in 1888, and Godowski in 1890. We find also among the noted pianists who were first known here in this period Arabella Goddard, Rafael Joseffy, Fanny Bloomfield-Zeisler and Josef Hofmann.

Some noted violinists also visited America, August Wilhelmj in 1878, Ovide Musin, Teresina Tua, and in 1888 Fritz Kreisler. But perhaps the most noteworthy event was the appearance of Maud Powell, an American woman, whose career placed her in the front rank of violinists, and has but recently ended with her death.

Of singers there were a great many, but most of them appeared in opera. Of the Americans who gained international reputation were Emma Abbott, Alwina Valleria (of Baltimore), Lillian Nordica (Norton), Emma Nevada (Wixom), and Charles R. Adams.

Among the European celebrities who visited America were Madame Rudersdorff, Etelka Gerster, Scalchi, Marcella Senibrich, Amalia Materna, and Lilli Lehmann, also Alberto Stagno, Max Alvary, Albert Niemann, Francesco Tarnagno.

This leads us to a short review of opera, and as New York City was the headquarters from which numerous companies issued to charm the rest of the country, a review of New York is practically a review of opera for the whole country.

From 1850 to 1875 opera is said to have "flourished on failure" chiefly under Maretzek and Strakosch. Also, opera meant Italian opera, or at least opera in Italian. There were spasmodic efforts to promote German opera, chiefly by Adolf Neuendorff, who managed the German Theatre in New York City from 1872 to 1883. In 1876 a Wagner Festival was given in New York, and in 1878 there was a short and unsuccessful season given by the Pappenheim Opera Company, during which "Rienzi" was sung for the first time in America. Theodore Thomas did much to prepare the way by playing excerpts from the Wagner operas at his concerts, but Dr. Leopold Damrosch in 1884 set on foot a movement which, during the next few years, brought to America several of the greatest German singers, and gave to the public adequate representations of many of the Wagnerian operas. Dr. Damrosch died in 1885 and his work was taken up by Anton Seidl, who had been associated with Wagner in the production of the "Ring" at Beyreuth. Under Seidl "Die Meistersinger" had its first performance in America, in 1886; "Tristan und Isolde" and "Siegfried" in 1887; "Die Goetterdaemmerung," in 1888, and "Das Rheingold" in 1889. Thus German opera was well launched in this period.

To return to Italian opera,—Colonel Mapleson invaded the United States in 1878 bringing with him a good company of singers. He did not go farther west than St. Louis. Several tours followed in succeeding years. During his third tour he gave the first performance in America of Boito's "Mefistofele," with Campanini, Valleria, Cary and Novara. About this time he found a strong competitor in Henry E. Abbey, who secured Nilsson as a counter-attraction to Patti who was under Mapleson. This competition caused Mapleson to proceed farther west, so he led his company as far as San Francisco, where he appears to have taken the town by storm, and, if his account is correct, the march in "Aida" was performed by six hundred of the State militia and he had the assistance of a military band and an extra chorus of three hundred and fifty voices. But Mapleson's enterprises were beset with difficulties and finally ended in disaster, although not for some years. To many people, who can remember the rivalry between Abbey and Mapleson in the eighties, when Patti, Gerster, Sembrich, Scalchi, Nilsson, Annie Louise Cary, Campanini, Ravelli and del Puente were in their prime, these were the days of Italian opera in America. Probably much was lacking in the staging and scenery, but the singers have been unsurpassed.

Before closing the review of this period we come to that which is of immense importance in the development of music in America, viz. the appearance of a number of composers who have taken high rank among the composers of the world;—John K. Paine, whose first symphony was produced in 1875, was followed shortly by Arthur Bird, George W. Chadwick, Horatio Parker, Harry Rowe Shelley, Dudley Buck and Edward A. MacDowell. Nothing speaks more eloquently of the progress of music in America than the work of these men, and of several others of smaller achievements.

1875. Jan. 6. "Wotan's Departure" and "The Magic Fire Scene" from Wagner's opera "Die Walkuere" given by Theodore Thomas, in Philadelphia.

1875. Jan. 8. Gluck's overture to "Paris and Helen" and Raff's Sixth Symphony (D minor) given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1875. Jan. 15. Seifert's "Festival March" given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1875. Jan. 16. Brahms's "Hungarian Dances" given (from MS.) by the Brooklyn Philharmonic Society.

1875. Jan. 22. Haydn's Ninth Symphony (in C) given by the Philharmonic Society, New York City.

1875. Feb. 6. Hofmann's "Frithjof" symphony given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1875. Feb. 20. Spohr's Third Symphony (in C minor) given by the Philharmonic Society, New York City.

1875. Feb. 22. Dr. Leopold Damrosch's oratorio "Ruth and Naomi" sung by the Oratorio Society, New York City.

1875. Mar. 4. Rubinstein's Fourth (Dramatic) Symphony given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1875. April 24. W. Sterndale Bennett's "Paradise and the Peri" given by the Philharmonic Society, New York City.

1875. May 1. The music of Mendelssohn's comic opera "The Wedding of Camacho" given by Theodore Thomas, in Chicago.

1875. May 27. Liszt's "Rhapsodie Hongroise" (number 1); Schubert's "Impromptu" in C minor; and Schumann's "Bilder aus Osten"; and on the 28th, Schubert's "Teufel's Lustschloss" given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1875. June 3. Saint-Saens's symphonic poem "Le Rouet d'Omphale,"

1875. June 17. von Weber's "First Symphony" (in C),

1875. June 22. Lizst's "Rhapsodie Hongroise" (number 6).

1875. June 24. Raff's "Sinfonietta" for wind instruments, given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1875. Aug. 5. Mozart's Intermezzo for Strings,

1875. Aug. 10. Schubert's Octet for Strings,

1875. Aug. 20. Schubert's Tenth Symphony (in C) given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1875. Sept. 7. W. Sterndale Bennett's Symphony in G minor,

1875. Sept. 14. The "Introduction" and "Siegmund's Love Song" from Wagner's opera "Die Walkuere" given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1875. Oct. 4. American debut of Arabella Goddard, noted English pianist, at Steinway Hall, New York City.

1875. Oct. 18. American debut of Madame Eugenie Pappenheim, dramatic soprano, in "Les Huguenots" at the Academy of Music, New York City, with the Wachtel Grand Opera Company.

1875. Oct. 18. American debut of Dr. Hans von Buelow, great pianist, in Boston.

1875. Oct. 21. Emma Albani (Lajeunnesse) made her debut in opera, as Amina in "La Sonnambula" at the Academy of Music, New York City. She afterwards went to Europe, and returned to America a mature singer in 1883.

1875. Oct. 25. Chaikovsky's Pianoforte Concerto, in B flat minor, given in Boston Music Hall, with Hans von Buelow as soloist.

1875. Nov. 17. Verdi's "Requiem Mass" given by the Italian Opera Company, at the Academy of Music, New York City.

1875. Dec. 4, Schumann's "Concertstuecke," Opus 92, given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1875. Dec. 27. Schubert's Pianoforte Sonata for Four Hands (Opus 140) orchestrated by Joseph Joachim, given by the Harvard Musical Association, in Boston.

1875. Cecilia Club organized in Philadelphia.

1876. Jan. 6. Schubert's "Marche Heroique" given by the Harvard Musical Association, in Boston.

1876. Jan. 24. American operatic debut of Therese Tietjens, noted dramatic soprano, as Norma, at the Academy of Music, New York City, under Strakosch. She had appeared in concert Oct. 4, 1875, with Arabella Goddard.

1876. Jan. 26. J. K. Paine's First Symphony produced by Theodore Thomas, in Boston.

1876. Jan. 29. Saint-Saens's "Danse Macabre" given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1876. Feb. 3. Saint-Saens's Second Pianoforte Concerto (G minor) given by the Harvard Musical Association, in Boston, with B. J. Lang as soloist. Carl Zerrahn conducting.

1876. Feb. 17. Saint-Saens's Violoncello Concerto in A minor given at a concert of the Harvard Musical Association, in Boston, with Wulf Fries as soloist.

1876. Feb. 19. Cherubini's overture to "Faniska" given by the Philharmonic Society, New York City.

1876. Feb. 25. Teresa Carreno, great pianist, appeared as a singer in the part of Anna in "Don Giovanni," under Strakosch, at the Academy of Music, New York City.

1876. Feb. 28. Raff's "Suite in F" given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1876. Feb. 28. The first part of Liszt's oratorio "Christus" given by the Oratorio Society, New York City. (The whole work was performed by the same society Mar. 2, 1887.)

1876. April 17. American debut of Anna del Belocca, contralto, in "Il Barbiere" at the Academy of Music, New York City, under Strakosch.

1876. April 16. Handel's oratorio "Joshua" given by the Handel and Haydn Society, in Boston.

1876. April 22. Chaikovsky's overture to "Romeo et Juliette" given by the Philharmonic Society, New York City, with Carl Bergmann as conductor.

1876. May 11. Wagner's "Centennial March"; Dudley Buck's "Centennial Meditation of Columbia"; and J. K. Paine's "Centennial Hymn" produced at the Centennial Exposition, in Philadelphia, under Theodore Thomas.

1876. Oct. 9. Saint-Saens's symphonic poem "Phaeton" given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1876. Nov. 8. Wagner's opera "Il Vascello Fantasma" given in Philadelphia in Italian by Madame Pappenheim.

1876. Nov. 14. Madame Annette Essipoff, pianist, made her debut at Steinway Hall, New York City.

1876. Nov. 25. Bach's Suite in C given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1876. Dec. 26. Music Teachers' National Association organized at Delaware, Ohio, by Eben Tourjee, Theodore Presser, G. W. Cole, W. H. Dana, and others.

1876. Loring Club formed in San Francisco, Cal.

1877. Jan. 13. K. Goldmark's symphony "Laendliche Hochzeit" and Haydn's "The Tempest" given by the Philharmonic Society, New York City.

1877. Jan. 16. Gade's "Noveletten" played in New York City, by the Theodore Thomas Orchestra.

1877. Feb. 23. American debut of Emma Abbott, noted American soprano, in "La Figlia del Reggimento" at the Academy of Music, New York City, under the management of de Vivo.

1877. Mar. 1. Saint-Saens's "Third Pianoforte Concerto" (in E flat) given by the Harvard Musical Association in Boston, with B. J. Lang as soloist.

1877. Mar. 15. Ballet music from Saint-Saens's opera "Samson et Dalila" played in St. Louis, by the Theodore Thomas Orchestra.

1877. Mar. 15. Brahms's "German Requiem" performed by the New York Oratorio Society.

1877. Mar. 25-31. A Wagner Festival held in Boston in which Madame Pappenheim and Madame Canissa, Albert Niemann, G. Unger and Gustav Siehr took leading parts.

1877. April 2. Verdi's opera "Don Carlos" presented at the Academy of Music, New York City, by the Havana Opera Combination, under Maretzek. (Admission one dollar, Reserved seat 50c extra.)

1877. May 17. Production of J. C. D. Parker's "Redemption Hymn" by the Handel and Haydn Society, Boston.

1877. June 6. Sullivan's cantata "On Shore and Sea" given under Theodore Thomas, in Chicago.

1877. July 5. Mehul's overture to "Horatio Cocles,"

1877. July 12. Hofmann's "Pictures from the North,"

1877. July 20. Massenet's "Variations" and Rameau's "Romanesca,"

1877. July 24. Saint-Saens's "Suite" (Opus 48), given by Theodore Thomas, in Chicago.

1877. Nov. 2. J. K. Paine's symphonic fantasia on Shakespeare's "Tempest" given at Steinway Hall, New York City, by the Theodore Thomas Orchestra.

1877. Nov. 14. Saint-Saens's fourth symphonic poem, "La Jeunesse d'Hercule," played at a Theodore Thomas Concert, in Boston.

1877. Nov. 20. Raff's Suite for Pianoforte and Orchestra (Opus 200) given by Theodore Thomas in New York City.

1877. Dec. 17. Brahms's First Symphony given in New York City, by Dr. Leopold Damrosch. (Given a week later by Theodore Thomas, in New York City, and Jan. 3, 1878, by the Harvard Musical Association, Boston.)

1877. Dec. 23. Parts 1 and 2 of Bach's "Christmas Oratorio" given by the Handel and Haydn Society, Boston, with Emma Thursby, Annie Louise Cary, W. J. and F. W. Winch as soloists. C. Zerrahn conducting.

1877. Music department established at Syracuse (N. Y.) University, with Wm. Schultze as director.

1877. Theodore Thomas began Summer Night Concerts in New York City.

1877. Tivoli Opera House in San Francisco, Cal., opened.

1878. Feb. 11. Madame Hermine Rudersdorff, who had been heard at the Peace Jubilees in Boston in 1871 and 1872, made her American operatic debut as Ortrud in "Lohengrin."

1878. Feb. 14. Saint-Saens's Fourth Pianoforte Concerto (in C minor) given by the Harvard Musical Association in Boston, with J. A. Preston, as soloist.

1878. Feb. 16. Goldmark's "Wedding March and Variations" given by Theodore Thomas, in Brooklyn, N. Y.

1878. Feb. 28. Wagner's "Siegfried Idyll" given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1878. Mar. 5. Wagner's opera "Rienzi" presented at the Academy of Music, New York City, with Madame Pappenheim as Adriane, Miss Hueman as Irene, Charles R. Adams as Rienzi, and Blum as Orsini.

1878. May 14. O. Singer's "Festival Ode" given at the Cincinnati (O.) May festival with Madame Eugenie Pappenheim, C. R. Adams, and M. W. Whitney as soloists. Theodore Thomas conducting.

1878. Sept. 26. American debut of August Wilhelmj, noted violinist, at Steinway Hall, New York City.

1878. Oct. 3. Brahms's Second Symphony (D major) given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1878. Oct. 23. Bizet's opera "Carmen" presented at the Academy of Music, New York City, with Minnie Hauck, Madame Sinico, Italo Campanini, and Del Puente.

1878. Nov. 11. American debut of Etelka Gerster, brilliant soprano, at the Academy of Music, New York City, as Amina, in "La Sonnambula," supported by Campanini and Galassi.

1878. Nov. 23. Ernst's violin concerto "Pathetique" given by the Philharmonic Society, New York City, with Edouard Remenyi as soloist.

1878. Dec. 19. Mozart Pianoforte Concerto in A major, given by the Harvard Musical Association, in Boston, with H. G. Tucker as soloist.

1878. Symphony Society of New York City founded by Dr. Leopold Damrosch.

1878. Cincinnati College of Music established, and Theodore Thomas appointed director.

1878-9. Oct. 15 to April. Colonel Mapleson made his first operatic tour in America, with a company which included Etelka Gerster, Minnie Hauck, Trebelli, Alwina Valleria, Campanini, Frapolli, Galassi, del Puente and Foli, with Arditi as conductor. Presented opera in New York, Chicago, Boston, St. Louis, Cincinnati, Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington.

1879. Feb. 8. Chaikovsky's Third Symphony (in D) given by the Philharmonic Society, New York City.

1879. Feb. 23. Sullivan's oratorio "The Prodigal Son" given in Boston by the Handel and Haydn Society.

1879. April 11. Bach's "Passion according to St. Matthew" given complete, in two concerts, by the Handel and Haydn Society, in Boston.

1879. April 15. F. Kiel's oratorio "Christus" given by the Oratorio Society, New York City.

1879. May 9. Hiller's oratorio "Saul" given by the New York Liederkranz Society at the Academy of Music, New York City.

1879. May 10. Production of Bristow's "Great Republic Overture" by the Brooklyn Philharmonic Society, Theodore Thomas conducting.

1879. Oct. 13. American debut of Rafael Joseffy, noted Hungarian pianist, at Chickering Hall, New York City.

1879. Oct. 22. American debut of Alwina Valleria (A. V. Lohrmann of Baltimore) as Marguerite in "Faust" at the Academy of Music, New York City.

1879. Dec. 3. Goldmark's "Penthesilea Overture" given in Cincinnati, by Theodore Thomas.

1879. Dec. 3. American debut of Marie Marimon, as Amina in "La Sonnambula," supported by Campanini and del Puente, at the Academy of Music, New York City.

1879. Dec. 5. Dvořak's "Slavonic Dances" No. 7 and No. 8, also the first movement of Guilmant's "First Symphony" for organ and orchestra given at a Philharmonic Concert, in Boston, with Charles H. Morse as soloist.

1879. Dec. 8. Dedication of the Central Music Hall, Chicago. Carlotta Patti sang.

1879. Dec. 11. Production of George W. Chadwick's overture to "Rip van Winkle" by the Harvard Musical Association, in Boston.

1879-1883. Philharmonic Society, Boston.

1880. Jan. 8. Herman Goetz's Symphony in F major given by the Harvard Musical Association, in Cambridge, Mass.

1880. Jan. 17. Chaikovsky's "Suite for Giant Orchestra" given by the Symphony Society, New York City.

1880. Jan. 19. American debut of Castelmary (Count A. de Castan), noted French baritone, as Ramfis in "Aida" at Booth's Theatre, New York City.

1880. Jan. 27. Mendelssohn's "Lauda Zion" given by the New York Vocal Union, at Chickering Hall, New York City.

1880. Feb. 4. Dvořak's third "Slavische Rhapsodie" given in Cincinnati, by Theodore Thomas.

1880. Feb. 12. Berlioz's opera "La Damnation de Faust" given in concert form, by the Oratorio Society of New York City. Dr. Leopold Damrosch, conductor. (Stage performance in 1908.)

1880. Feb. 22. H. Hofmann's cantata "Cinderella" given by the German Liederkranz, New York City.

1880. Feb. 28. The music of Meyerbeer's "Struensee" given at concert at Chickering Hall, New York City, under Mr. Carlberg.

1880. Mar. 10. Production of J. K. Paine's "Spring Symphony," by the Harvard Musical Association, in Cambridge, Mass.

1880. Mar. 11. Dvořak's second "Slavische Rhapsodie" given by the Symphony Society of New York City, Dr. Leopold Damrosch, conductor.

1880. May 29. Production of Dudley Buck's prize symphonic cantata, "The Golden Legend," at the Cincinnati Festival.

1880. May 7. Saint-Saens's oratorio "Le Deluge" given by the Handel and Haydn Society in Boston.

1880. May. 10. Production of E. C. Phelps' symphony "Hiawatha" by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1880. Oct. 4. American debut of Georg Henschel at a concert of the Symphony Society, in New York City.

1880. Oct. 18. American debut of Luigi Ravelli, Italian tenor, as Edgardo in "Lucia" at the Academy of Music, New York City, under Mapleson.

1880. Nov. 19. First part of Liszt's symphony after "la Divina Commedia" given at a Philharmonic Society's Concert, in Boston, Bernhard Listemann conducting.

1880. Nov. 24. Boito's opera "Mefistofele" presented at the Academy of Music, New York City, with Annie Louise Cary, Campanini and Novara, under Mapleson.

1880. Music of the third act of "Die Goetterdaemmerung" given in New York and Brooklyn, by the Philharmonic Societies of those cities united under Theodore Thomas, with Campanini, Remmertz, and Steinbuch as soloists.

1880. Mapleson made his third American operatic tour with a company which included Gerster, Valleria, Cary, Ravelli, and Campanini.

1881. Jan. 2. Haydn's "Surprise Symphony" given by the Brooklyn Philharmonic Society, Theodore Thomas conducting.

1881. Jan. 6. Hans von Bronsart's "Spring Fantasie" given by the Symphony Society, of New York City.

1881. Feb. 17. F. L. Ritter's "Second Symphony" given by the Harvard Musical Association, in Boston.

1881. Feb. 25. Handel's "L'Allegro, Il Penseroso, et Il Moderato" given by the Oratorio Society, in New York City.

1881. Mar. 11. Rheinberger's oratorio "Demetrius" given in New York City, under Theodore Thomas.

1881. Mar. 11. Svendsen's fantasia "Romeo et Juliette" given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1881. Mar. 22. Andante and finale from Mozart's "Serenade" (No. 12) given at a Philharmonic Concert in Boston, also Saint-Saens's "Suite Algerienne."

1881. Mar. 28. Schumann's "Scenes from Faust" given by the Cecilia Society, in Boston.

1881. April 1. The Nocturno from Mozart's Serenade (Op. 8), given at a concert under Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1881. April 2. The ballet music from Rubinstein's opera "The Demon" given at a concert of the Philharmonic Orchestra, in Boston, also Bizet's suite "Arlesienne."

1881. May. Rubinstein's sacred opera "The Tower of Babel" given in New York City, by Dr. Damrosch. Also Berlioz's "Requiem."

1881. July 16. The ballet music from Rubinstein's opera "Nero" given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1881. Oct. 14. Brahms's "Academic Overture" given in Boston, by the Theodore Thomas Orchestra.

1881. Oct. 22. Boston Symphony Orchestra, organized by Major Henry L. Higginson, gave its first concert, with Georg Henschel as conductor.

1881. Oct. 29. Brahms's "Tragic Overture" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1881. Nov. 26. First complete performance in America of Joachim's "Concerto for Violin" (Op. 11) given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra, with Bernhard Listemann as soloist.

1881. Dec. 1. Grieg's "Norwegian Melodies" for Orchestra given by the Symphony Society in New York City. Also Saint-Saens's "Pianoforte Concerto," with Madame Madeline Schiller as soloist.

1881. Dec. 10. Rubinstein's Fifth Symphony given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1881. New York Chorus Society organized with six hundred voices under the direction of Theodore Thomas.

1882. Jan. 29. Raff's "Die Tageszeiten" for chorus, pianoforte and orchestra, given by the German Liederkranz in New York City.

1882. Feb. 11. Brahms's Rhapsody for contralto, male chorus and orchestra (Opus 53) given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1882. Feb. 11. Huber's "Tell Symphony" given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1882. Feb. 18. The overture to Massenet's "Phedre" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra. Also Bizet's overture "La Patrie." G. Henschel conducting.

1882. Mar. 9. R. Fuch's "Serenade in D" given by the Harvard Musical Association, in Boston.

1882. April 6. Berlioz's "Requiem" given by the New York Oratorio Society.

1882. April 15. Goetz's Violin Concerto given by Theodore Thomas in New York City.

1882. April 20. Dr. Leopold Damrosch's "Sulamith" given by the Oratorio Society of New York City.

1882. May 6. Second act of H. Berlioz' "Les Troyens" (The Fall of Troy) given at a musical festival in the armory of the Seventh Regiment in New York City, under Theodore Thomas, with Madame Materna, E. Aline Osgood, E. Winant, Campanini, Galassi, Remmertz and M. W. Whitney as soloists.

1882. July 12. Hofmann's "Overture to a Drama," and on the 18th Liszt's Second "Mephisto" Waltz given by Theodore Thomas, in Chicago, Ill.

1882. Oct. 16. Offenbach's opera "Les Contes d'Hoffman" performed under the management of Maurice Grau, at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York City.

1882. Nov. 3. The "Vorspiel" to Wagner's opera "Parsifal" given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City. Also F. Cowen's "Scandinavian Symphony."

1882. Nov. 29. Guilmant's First Symphony for organ and orchestra, given at a Philharmonic Concert in Music Hall, Boston, with F. Archer as soloist. (The first movement had been given by C. H. Morse, Dec. 5, 1879.)

1882. Dec. 6. Gounod's oratorio "The Redemption" given (from manuscript) by the New York Chorus Society, under Theodore Thomas.

1882. Dec. 6. Saint-Saens's ode "La Lyre et La Harpe" sung by the Arion Society, Providence, R. I., under Jules Jordan.

1882. Dec. 9. Gernsheim's Symphony in E flat, given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1882. Dec. 13. Brahms's Pianoforte Concerto in B flat given by the Philharmonic Society, New York City, with R. Joseffy, soloist.

1882. Dec. 15. Max Bruch's Third Symphony (dedicated to the Symphony Society) given by that Society in New York City, conducted by the composer. At the same concert Rubinstein's Morceau Symphonique, "La Russie" was performed.

1882. Dec. 20. American debut of Sophia Scalchi, noted contralto, as Arsace in "Semiramide," with Adelina Patti as The Queen, at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1883. Jan. 6. Dvořak's First Symphony (in D) given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City, and on the 10th Reinhold's Concert Overture.

1883. Jan. 1. Professional debut of Madame Fannie Bloomfield Zeisler at Central Music Hall, Chicago, when she played Henselt's F minor concerto, with orchestra. Her debut as a child took place in Chicago, Feb. 25, 1875.

1883. Jan. 13. G. W. Chadwick's "Thalia," an overture to an imaginary comedy, produced by the Boston Symphony Orchestra, conducted by the composer.

1883. Jan. 20. Massenet's "Scenes Alsaciennes"; and on the 27th F. Cowen's First Symphony (C minor) given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1883. Jan. 31 Rheinberger's Symphony in F given by the Philharmonic Society, Boston, Carl Zerrahn conducting.

1883. Feb. 1. Scharwenka's Pianoforte Concerto given by Theodore Thomas in New York City, with X. Scharwenka as soloist.

1883. Feb. 3. Grieg's "Two Melodies" for strings (Opus 34) given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1883. Feb. 16. The music of the "Good Friday Spell" from Wagner's opera "Parsifal" given by the Symphony Society, New York City.

1883. Feb. 17. Henschel's "Serenade for Strings" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra; and on the 24th Chaikovsky's "Marche Slave."

1883. Mar. 3. Mackenzie's Scotch rhapsody "Bobbie Burns" given by Theodore Thomas in Brooklyn, N. Y.

1883. Mar. 10. J. K. Paine's symphonic poem "The Tempest" produced by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1883. Mar. 12. American operatic debut of Madame Emma Albani (Marie Louise Cecilia Emma Lajeunnesse), noted soprano, on her return from Europe, as Marguerite in Gounod's "Faust" at the Academy of Music, New York City, with Scalchi, Ravelli and Galassi in support.

1883. April 2. Part VI of Bach's "Christmas Oratorio" given by the Cecilia Society in Boston.

1883. April 4. Svendsen's Legende "Zorahayda" given in Boston.

1883. May 1. Rubinstein's sacred opera "The Tower of Babel" given in concert form by the Handel and Haydn Society in Boston.

1883. May 2. J. K. Paine's oratorio "The Nativity" produced by the Handel and Haydn Society in Boston. Also Cherubini's Mass in D minor; and on the 4th, Max Bruch's oratorio "Arminius."

1883. July 18. Rubinstein's "Bal Costume" (first series) given in Chicago, by Theodore Thomas.

1883. Oct. 23. Opening of the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1883. Oct. 24. American debut of Marcella Sembrich, great lyric soprano, in "Lucia di Lammermoor" at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1883. Oct. 26. American debut of Alberto Stagno, noted Italian tenor, as Manrico in "Il Trovatore" at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City, under Henry E. Abbey.

1883. Oct. 27. Delibes's "Cortege de Bacchus" from the ballet "Sylvia" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra, and on

1883. Nov. 3. Liszt's "Hungarian Rhapsodie" in D.

1883. Nov. 16. American debut of Ovide Musin, noted Belgian violinist, with the New York Symphony Orchestra, under Dr. Leopold Damrosch.

1883. Nov. 17. B. Godard's "Concerto Romantique" for violin given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra, with C. M. Loeffler as soloist; and on Dec. 1, the first performance (from MS.) of K. Mueller-Berghaus's "Romance" for violoncello.

1883. Nov. 21. Cowen's cantata "St. Ursula" given by the Oratorio Society, New York City.

1883. Nov. 26. Operatic debut of Lillian Norton (Nordica) as Marguerite in "Faust" at the Academy of Music, New York City, under Mapleson. She returned with the Italian Company in 1889-90 but appeared with the Metropolitan Opera Company, Oct. 26, 1893.

1883. Dec. 7. Chaikovsky's Second Symphony (in C) given by the New York Symphony Society.

1883. Dec. 8. American debut of Madame Helen Hopekirk, noted Scotch pianist, with the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1883. Dec. 20. Ponchielli's opera "La Gioconda" presented at the Academy of Music, New York City, with Nilsson, Scalchi, Fursch-Madi, del Puente, and Novara.

1883. Dec. 22. Volkmann's Second Symphony (in B flat), and Saint-Saens' ballet music to "Henry VIII" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1883-4. Grand opera given in the United States by Henry E. Abbey with a company which included Christine Nilsson, Alwina Valleria, Madame Fursch-Madi, Sophia Scalchi, Trebelli-Bettini, Campanini, Stagno, Novara, Capoul, Del Puente, Corsini, Kaschmann, and Marcella Sembrich.

1884. Jan. 5. Svendsen's Second Symphony (in B flat) given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1884. Jan. 12. Mozart's Concerto for flute and harp (in C) given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1884. Jan. 14. American debut of Marianna Brandt, noted Austrian contralto, in "Fidelio" at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1884. Jan. 19. Villiers Stanford's Serenade in G given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1884. Jan. 26. Spontini's overture to his opera "Olympia" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1884. Feb. 9. Bizet's third suite "Roma" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1884. Feb. 23. J. O. Grimm's Symphony in D minor given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra. Also Liszt's Pianoforte Concerto in A major, with Carl Baermann as soloist.

1884. Mar. 7. Selections from Berlioz's sacred trilogy "The Childhood of Christ" given by the Symphony Society of New York City.

1884. Production of G. W. Chadwick's Scherzo in F, also the entr'acte and finale of Massenet's "Les Erinnyes" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1884. April. 4. Beethoven's "Grand Quatuor" (Opus 131) (scored for full orchestra by Carl Mueller-Berghaus) given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1884. May 1. Hamerik's "Christian Trilogy" given by Theodore Thomas, in Baltimore, Md.

1884. Oct. 24. Brahms's Third Symphony (in F) given at a Novelty Concert, under F. van der Stucken in New York City. Also Dvořak's "Husitska" overture.

1884. Nov. 8. Dvořak's "Scherzo Capriccioso," given by Theodore Thomas, in Brooklyn, N. Y.

1884. Nov. 21. American debut of Madame Schroeder-Hanfstaengl in "Les Huguenots" at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1884. Nov. 22. The Pastoral from Bach's "Christmas oratorio," and Schumann's "Pictures from the Orient," given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1884. Nov. 24. American debut of Emma Nevada, noted soprano, as Amina in "La Sonnambula," at the Academy of Music, in New York City.

1884. Nov. 27. American debut of Frau Seidl-Krauss, as Elizabeth, and Anton Schott as Tannhaeuser, in "Tannhaeuser" at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1884. Dec. 6. Sgambati's Symphony in D major; Gustav Hollaender's "Romance" for violin and orchestra; and E. Chabrier's rhapsodie "Espana" given at a Novelty Concert, by Frank van der Stucken, in New York City.

1884. Dec. 13. R. Strauss's Symphony in F minor given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1884. Dec. 18. Gounod's opera "Mireille" presented at the Academy of Music, New York City, with Emma Nevada as prima donna. (New Orleans, La., Dec. 29.)

1884. Dec. 20. Lalo's "Rhapsodie Norvegienne" (in A), and the music of Rubinstein's ballet "La Vigne" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1884. A series of Wagner festival concerts given in New York City, under Theodore Thomas.

1884. The Chicago Conservatory of Music established, in Chicago, Ill.

1885. Jan. 5. American operatic debut of Frau Amalie Materna, noted German soprano, as Elizabeth in "Tannhaeuser" at the Metropolitan Opera House. She had appeared in May 1882, in oratorio at the Cincinnati (O.) Festival.

1885. Jan. 10. Nicode's Symphonic Variations given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1885. Jan. 23. Chaikovsky's "Serenade" for string orchestra, given by the Symphony Society of New York City.

1885. Jan. 31. Bach's "Three Sonata Movements" (arranged for orchestra by W. Gericke) given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1885. Feb. 5. Berlioz's "Tristia" given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas; also Rameau's gavotte, tambourine, and minuet, from the opera "Castor and Pollux."

1885. Mar. 14. Volkmann's overture to "Richard III" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1885. Mar. 16. J. Strauss' opera "Die Fledermaus" presented at the Casino, New York City, with De Wolf Hopper in the cast.

1885. Mar. 31. Production of Dudley Buck's symphonic overture "Marmion" at a concert of American music, given in New York City, by Frank van der Stucken. Also Templeton Strong's symphonic poem "Undine," and E. C. Phelps's "American Legend" for violin and orchestra.

1885. April 11. Cowen's "Welsh Symphony" (Fourth, in B minor) given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1885. April 16. Mackenzie's oratorio "The Rose of Sharon" given in New York City, under Theodore Thomas.

1885. April 28. Rubinstein's "Fantasia Eroica" given in Brooklyn, N. Y., by Theodore Thomas.

1885. Oct. 30. Gounod's oratorio "Mors et Vita" given in St. Louis, Mo., by Theodore Thomas.

1885. Oct. 30. Ecker's Concert Overture, Schubert's "Trauermarsch" and R. Fuchs's Symphony in C major, given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1885. Nov. 4. American debut of Felia Litvinne, as Leonora in "Il Trovatore" at the Academy of Music, New York City, under Colonel Mapleson.

1885. Nov. 14. Mozart's "Haffner Serenade" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1885. Nov. 23. Anton Seidl appeared as conductor at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1885. Nov. 24. Chaikovsky's Third Suite given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1885. Nov. 25. American debut of Lilli Lehmann, noted German soprano, as Carmen, also of Max Alvary as Don Jose, in Bizet's opera "Carmen" at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1885. Dec. 2. Goldmark's opera "Die Koenigen von Saba" presented at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City, with Lehmann and Fischer.

1885. Dec. 3. Maude Powell, noted American violinist, made her debut on her return from European study and concertizing, under Theodore Thomas, at Orange, N. J. On Dec. 5 she appeared at Philadelphia. Played Max Bruch's First Violin Concerto.

1885. Dec. 12. Scharwenka's Symphony in C minor, given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1885. Dec. 23. Massenet's opera "Manon" presented at the Academy of Music, New York City, by Mapleson, with Minnie Hauck, Del Puente, and Giannini in leading parts.

1885. Walter Damrosch appointed conductor of the New York Symphony and Oratorio Societies, on the death of his father, Dr. Leopold Damrosch.

1885. The American Institute of Applied Music established in New York City, by Miss Kate Chittenden.

1885-1916. The Kneisel Quartet organized in Boston. Became well known throughout the United States and Europe.

1886. Jan. 2. Saint-Saens's "Rhapsodie d'Auvergne" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1886. Jan. 4. Herman Goetz's opera "The Taming of the Shrew" given in New York City (in English) by the American Opera Company, Theodore Thomas conductor, at the Academy of Music. At this performance Pauline Allemand made her debut.

1886. Jan. 4. Wagner's opera "Die Meistersinger" presented at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City, with Frau Seidl-Krauss as Eva, Marianne Brandt as Magdalena, Emil Fischer as Hans Sachs, Stritt as Walther, Staudigl as Pogner, Kemlitz as Beckmesser, Kraemer as David, and Anton Seidl as conductor.

1886. Jan. 9. Dvořak's Second Symphony (D minor) given by the Philharmonic Society, New York City.

1886. Jan. 9. E. Barnard's Violin Concerto in G major, given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra with T. Adamowski as soloist.

1886. Jan. 12. Svendsen's "Norwegian Artists' Carnival" given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1886. Jan. 15. Lalo's "Rhapsodie and Scherzo" played by the Symphony Society, New York City.

1886. Jan. 16. W. Gericke's "Chorus of Homage" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra, conducted by the composer.

1886. Jan. 20. American debut of William Candidus, tenor, in a performance of "Lohengrin" (in English) at the Academy of Music, New York City, with the American Opera Company.

1886. Jan. 21. Jensen's "Wedding Music" given by Theodore Thomas at a concert in Jersey City, N. J.

1886. Jan. 23. H. Reinhold's "Prelude, Menuet, and Fugue" for strings given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1886. Jan. 30. Horatio Parker's "Scherzo" for orchestra played at a concert given in New York City, by Alexander Lambert, with F. van der Stucken as conductor.

1886. Feb. 15. Johann Strauss's opera "The Gipsy Baron" (Die Zigeunerbaron) presented in English, by H. Conried, at the Casino, New York City.

1886. Mar. 1. Delibes's opera "Lakme" presented by the American Opera Company, at the Academy of Music, New York City (in English) with Pauline Allemand in the title-role. (It had been given inadequately by Emma Abbott in 1883.)

1886. Mar. 13. Scholz's Symphony in B flat given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1886. Mar. 13. Three movements from Gericke's "Serenade" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra, conducted by the composer.

1886. Mar. 16. Liszt's "Concerto Pathetique" given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1886. Mar. 20. Dvořak's cantata "The Spectre Bride" given in Brooklyn, N.Y., under Theodore Thomas; also Raff's "Die Jahreszeiten" for chorus, pianoforte and orchestra.

1886. Mar. 23. Borodin's symphonic poem "On the Steppes of Central Asia," and the tarantella from Gernsheim's Symphony in F, given by the Philharmonic Society in Brooklyn, N. Y.

1886. Mar. 23. Pratt's "Court Minuet" produced, and Delibes's ballet music "Sylvia," given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1886. April 30. Delibes's "Scene de Bal" given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1886. July 5. Rubinstein's "Bal Costume" (Second Series) given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1886. July 21. Schytte's "Pantomimes" given in Chicago, by Theodore Thomas.

1886. July 29. Bruckner's Seventh Symphony (E major) played by the Theodore Thomas Orchestra, in Chicago.

1886. Oct. 26. Massenet's "Marche Heroique," and Gadsby's orchestral scene "The Forest of Arden," given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1886. Oct. 28. Nicode's "Jubilee March," Cesar Cui's "Tarantella," and Massenet's "La Vierge" for string orchestras, given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1886. Nov. 1. Chaikovsky's "Italian Caprice" for orchestra, played by the Philharmonic Society in New York City.

1866. Nov. 4. Schumann's "Marche Funebre" and Arthur Sullivan's overture "In Memoriam" given in New York, by Theodore Thomas. Also Raff's "Festival March."

1886. Nov. 5. Arthur Bird's First Symphony played by the Symphony Society in New York City.

1886. Nov. 6. Brahms's Serenade in A for strings, and Dvořak's "Legends" (Opus 59, first collection), given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1886. Nov. 10. American debut of Albert Niemann, noted Wagnerian tenor, in "Die Walkuere" at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1886. Nov. 13. R. Henberger's overture to Byron's "Cain" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1886. Nov. 19. Bruell's opera "Das Goldene Kreuz" presented at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1886. Dec. 1. Wagner's opera "Tristan und Isolde" presented at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City, with Lilli Lehmann as Isolde, M. Brandt as Brangaene, Niemann as Tristan, Robinson as Kurwenal, von Milde as Melot, Emil Fischer as King Mark. Anton Seidl, conductor.

1886. Dec. 4. Chaikovsky's "Manfred Symphony" played by the Philharmonic Society, in New York City, Theodore Thomas conducting.

1886. Dec. 11. Production of Chadwick's Second Symphony (B flat) by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1886. Dec. 11. Brahms's Fourth Symphony (E minor, Op. 98) given by the Symphony Society, New York City.

1886. Dec. 23. Dvořak's "Slavonic Rhapsodie" (Op. 45) given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1886. Dec. 30. Masse's opera "Galatea" presented at the Brooklyn Academy of Music, by Arthur Mees.

1886. The American Opera Company established in New York City, by Mrs. Jeannette Thurber, with Theodore Thomas as conductor. Lasted two seasons.

1886. Norfolk Festivals of the Litchfield County (Conn.) Choral Union commenced.

1886. American Conservatory of Music established in Chicago, by J. J. Hattstaedt.

1886. Chicago Symphony Orchestra organized with Hans Balatka as director.

1887. Jan. 3. Goldmark's opera "Merlin" presented at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City, under Walter Damrosch.

1887. Jan. 15. A. Krug's symphonic prologue to "Otello" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1887. Jan. 15. The music of Delibes's ballet "Coppelia" given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1887. Feb. 19. Saint-Saens's Third Symphony (C minor) given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1887. Jan. 27. Mendelssohn's cantata "Athalie" (Racine's text) given by the Cecilia Society in Boston.

1887. Feb. 5. Production of Arthur Foote's overture "In the Mountains" by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1887. Feb. 10. Hans von Buelow's symphonic poem, "The Minstrel's Curse," given by the Symphony Society, in New York City.

1883. Nov. 10. A. C. Mackenzie's ballad "La belle dame sans merci" given by the Philharmonic Society, New York.

1887. Feb. 24. The Music of the "Flower Girl" Scene from Wagner's opera "Parsifal" given in Philadelphia, by Theodore Thomas.

1887. Feb. 26. Berlioz's "The Trojans in Carthage" arranged as a dramatic cantata by H. E. Krehbiel, performed in English in Chickering Hall, New York City. Chief singers were M. Gramm, M. Groebl, F. Hirsch, M. Alvary, W. Dennison, G. Prehn and F. Remmertz; Narrator, Charles Roberts. F. van der Stucken, conductor.

1887. Mar. 1. Dvořak's "Legende" given by Theodore Thomas in New York City. Also Svendsen's "Festival Polonaise."

1887. Mar. 3. Liszt's oratorio "Christus" given (complete) by the Oratorio Society of New York City.

1887. Mar. 12. Rubinstein's oratorio "Paradise Lost" given in Brooklyn, under the direction of Theodore Thomas.

1887. Mar. 14. Rubinstein's opera "Nero" given by the American Opera Company, in New York City.

1887. Mar. 23. Moszkowski's First Suite for orchestra; and on the 31st Dvořak's Suite (Opus 39), given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1887. April 23. Arthur Bird's "Carnival Scene" given at a Symphony Concert in New York City, under the direction of F. van der Stucken, at Chickering Hall. Also Rubinstein's Sixth Symphony (A minor).

1887. May 8. Sir Arthur Sullivan's oratorio, "The Golden Legend," given by the Boston Oratorio Society, conducted by Frederick archer, at Music Hall, Boston.

1887. July 21. Huber's "Roemische Karneval," and on the 28th Scharwenka's fantasia "Liebesnacht," given by Theodore Thomas in Chicago, Ill.

1887. July. Production of Harry Rowe Shelley's "Dance of Egyptian Maidens"; and H. H. Huss's rhapsody for the pianoforte and orchestra at the convention of the Music Teachers' National Association in New York City.

1887. Oct. 22. Dvořak's Suite in D given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1887. Oct. 12. Reinecke's Variations on "Ein' Feste Burg" given by Theodore Thomas in New York City. Also Dvořak's "Slavonic Dances" (Second Series).

1887. Oct. 12. Lalo's "Symphony Espagnole" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1887. Oct. 12. Smetana's overture to "The Bartered Bride" given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1887. Nov. 15. L. A. Russell's "Pastoral" given at a concert of American Music in New York City, conducted by the composer. Also Arthur Whiting's Pianoforte Concerto in D minor.

1887. Nov. 23. Nessler's opera "Der Trompeter von Saeckingen" presented at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1887. Nov. 24. Templeton Strong's Symphony in F major performed at a concert of American Music in New York City, under F. van der Stucken.

1887 Nov. 25. Eugen d'Albert's First Symphony played by the Symphony Society of New York.

1887. Nov. 29. American debut of Josef Hofmann (pianist) at a concert given in the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1887. Dec. 23. Noteworthy revival of Weber's opera "Euryanthe" at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City, with Lilli Lehmann, Marianne Brandt, Max Alvary and Emil Fischer.

1887. Dec. 24. Production of G. W. Chadwick's "Melpomene Overture" by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1887. Teresina Tua, noted violinist, visited America.

1888. Jan. 4. Wagner's Nibelungen Trilogy given in America for the first time beginning on this date with a performance of "Das Rheingold," at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City, with Emil Fischer as Wotan, Max Alvary as Loge, Grienaur as Donner, Mittelhauer as Froh, Beck as Alberich, Sedlmayer as Mime, Weiss as Fafner, Modlinger as Fasolt, Madame Moran-Olden as Fricka, Bettaque as Freia, and Traubmann, Koschoska, and Reil as the Rhine-Daughters. Anton Seidl conductor.

1888. Jan. 30. "Die Walkuere." (See 1877, April 12.)

1888. Feb. 1. "Siegfried," with Lilli Lehmann, Marianne Brandt, Max Alvary, and Emil Fischer.

1888. Jan. 6. Spontini's opera "Ferdinand Cortez" presented at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1888. Jan. 17. Schubert's "Divertissement a la Hongroise" given by Theodore Thomas in New York City.

1888. Jan. 25. Wagner's opera "Goetterdaemmerung" presented at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City, with Lilli Lehmann, Seidl-Krauss, Marianne Brandt, Albert Niemann, and Emil Fischer in the cast. Anton Seidl conducting.

1888. Jan. 26. Production of Arthur Foote's cantata "The Wreck of the Hesperus" by the Cecilia Society in Boston.

1888. Jan. 28. C. Villiers Stanford's "Irish Symphony" given by the Symphony Society in New York City.

1888. Jan. 28. Otto Floersheim's "Elevation" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1888. Jan. 28. Scharwenka's "Arkadische Suite" given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1888. Feb. 4. Chaikovsky's suite "Mozartiana" given by Theodore Thomas in New York City.

1888. Feb. 16. Rubinstein's Second Concerto for cello given by the Philadelphia orchestra, with Victor Herbert as soloist. Theodore Thomas conductor.

1888. Feb. 18. H. Graedener's Overture given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1888. Feb. 24. Liszt's psalm "O Salutaris" for mezzo-soprano, chorus and orchestra, given by the Symphony Society in New York City, with Marianne Brandt as soloist.

1888. Feb. 25. Wagner's only Symphony (in C) given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1888. Feb. 28. Bungert's symphonic poem "Auf der Wartburg," and F. Cowen's Fifth Symphony (in F) given by Theodore Thomas in New York City.

1888. Mar. 2. Harry Rowe Shelley's "Grand Sonata" given by Theodore Thomas in New York City.

1888. Mar. 8. R. Strauss's symphonic fantasia "Aus Italien" given by Theodore Thomas in Philadelphia.

1888. Mar. 16. A. Bruckner's Fourth (Romantic) Symphony (E flat) given at a concert in Chickering Hall, New York City, under direction of Anton Seidl.

1888. Mar. 17. Mozart's Violoncello Concerto (Op. 193) given in New York City by Theodore Thomas.

1888. April 3. MacDowell's First Pianoforte Concerto given at a concert under direction of B. J. Lang, with B. F. Whelpley as soloist, in Boston.

1888. April 6. Haydn's "Bear Symphony" (C major) given by Anton Seidl at a concert in Chickering Hall, New York City.

1888. April 7. Karl Goldmark's Second Symphony (E flat major) given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1888. April 14. Rheinberger's "Passacaglia" and Praeger's symphonic poem "Life and Love, Battle and Victory" given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1888. April 16. Verdi's opera "Otello" presented at the Academy of Music, New York City, under the management of Italo Campanini, with Eva Tetrazzini as Desdemona, Campanini as Otello, Scalchi as Emilia, and Galassi as Iago. Conductor Cleofonte Campanini.

1888. July 19. Dvořak's Symphonic Variations (Op. 78) given in Chicago, by Theodore Thomas.

1888. Oct. 27. Overture to Peter Cornelius's opera "The Barber of Bagdad" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1888. Nov. 10. The entr'acte to von Weber's "The Three Pintos," also Liszt's "Vogelpredigt des Heiligen Franz von Assisi," given at a concert at Chickering Hall, New York City, under Anton Seidl. At this concert Fritz Kreisler, noted Austrian violinist, made his American debut.

1888. Nov. 13. American debut of Moritz Rosenthal, noted pianist, at Steinway Hall, New York City.

1888. Nov. 17. Dvořak's "Slavonic Dances" (third and fourth series) given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1888. Nov. 22. Felix Draeseke's "Serenata" given by the Symphony Society, in New York City.

1888. Nov. 24. Schubert's overture in E minor, and Bruch's Fantasia for Violin and Orchestra (Opus 46) given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1888. Nov. 24. Grieg's concert-overture "In Autumn" given at a concert of the Brooklyn Philharmonic Society, Theodore Thomas conducting.

1888. Dec. 1. Vincent d'Indy's "Wallenstein Trilogy" and Victor Herbert's "Serenade," given at a concert in Chickering Hall, New York City, by Anton Seidl.

1888. Dec. 8. Reyer's "Waking of the Valkyrie" given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1888. Dec. 29. A. Lindner's Concerto for Violoncello (Opus 34) given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1888. Dudley Buck's oratorio "The Light of Asia" given by the Newark, N. J., Harmonic Society. This work was produced in England in 1885.

1889. Jan. 12. Gounod's opera "La Reine de Saba" presented in New Orleans, La.

1889. Jan. 17. Wagner's "Traueme" given by Theodore Thomas in Chicago.

1889. Jan. 19. First complete performance of Chaikovsky's Violin Concerto given in New York City, by Maud Powell.

1889. Jan. 24. Grieg's first suite "Peer Gynt," and Chaikovsky's Introduction and Fugue, given by Theodore Thomas in New York City.

1889. Mar. 5. MacDowell's Second Pianoforte Concerto (D minor) and Chaikovsky's Fifth Symphony (E minor) given at a concert in Chickering Hall, New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1889. Mar. 6. Bristow's overture "The Jibbenainosay" given by the Harlem Philharmonic Society, New York City, conducted by the composer.

1889. Mar. 9. Mackenzie's overture to "Twelfth Night" given by Theodore Thomas, in New York City.

1889. Mar. 14. Mackenzie's "Benedictus" given in New York City by Theodore Thomas.

1889. Mar. 15. Chaikovsky's First Suite given in Brooklyn by Theodore Thomas.

1889. Mar. 27. Edward Grell's "Missa Solemnis" performed by the Oratorio Society in New York City.

1889. Mar. 28. Schumann's Fantasia for violin and orchestra given at a concert in New York City, under Theodore Thomas.

1889. Mar. 30. Schubert's Overture in B given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1889. April 4. Brahms's Waltzes given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1889. April 20. J. K. Paine's symphonic poem, "An Island Fantasy" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1889. Aug. E. C. Phelps's "Elegy" for orchestra, produced at Brighton Beach, New York, N. Y., by Anton Seidl.

1889. Sept. 29. Brooklyn Symphony Orchestra organized by Carl Venth. Was in existence several years and produced a number of minor compositions by American composers.

1889. Nov. 16. Eckert's Concerto for Violoncello (A minor), Max Bruch's "Kol Nidrei" for 'cello and orchestra given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1889. Nov. 23. Arthur Foote's Suite for Strings produced by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1889. Dec. 4. Karl Goldmark's overture "In the Spring" given at a concert of the Symphony Society in New York City.

1889. Dec. 7. Brahms's Violin Concerto in D played by the Boston Symphony Orchestra with Franz Kneisel as soloist.

1889. Auditorium dedicated, in Chicago, Ill.



CHAPTER VII

1890-1900

The decade covered in this chapter was remarkable for progress in many directions.

Large orchestras were established all over the country—Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, San Francisco, Los Angeles, widely scattered cities, were among those which made serious efforts in the orchestral line, and performed large orchestral works.

America became in a still greater degree the hunting ground of the musical star who came from Europe, and swept the country of its loose dollars, appearing both as soloist with these orchestras, and giving recitals in the various cities.

Among pianists we had Busoni, who was, for a time, resident in Boston, Vladimir de Pachmann, the great interpreter of Chopin, who was immensely popular for some twenty-five years, and Paderewski, whose progress through the country was marked by previously unheard of demonstrations. It is said that thousands of people traveled many miles to see the train pass in which he was traveling. Alfred Reisenauer came in 1895, Slivinski, Alberto Jonas, Raoul Pugno, Siloti and Dohnanyi, were among those who made their first appearances in America during this decade.

There was also a large list of violin virtuosi beginning with Adolf Brodsky, who was followed by Henri Marteau, Cesar Thomson, Ondriczek, Burmester, Halir, Gregorovitch, Marsick, Maud MacCarthy, Petschnikof and Madame Normann Neruda, who had been prominent in England for many years, and was long past her prime when she visited America. But the greatest artist of all was Eugen Ysaye, who first appeared in 1894, and who, since the great war, has been conductor of the Cincinnati Orchestra.

Opera continued to flourish on misfortune. Henry Abbey, who had ruined himself in driving out Mapleson, formed a partnership with John B. Schoeffel and Maurice Grau, and for some years provided opera for the country. Signor Luigi Arditi, who first appeared as conductor of the Havana Company in about 1848, and had seen more operatic service in America than any other conductor, made a brief but interesting estimate of the impresarios under whom he had traveled during those years. "I have come to the conclusion," he writes, "that Don Francesco Marty (of the Havana Company) was the most generous of men, and Max Maretzek the cleverest. Colonel Mapleson was decidedly the astutest of all directors, ... while to Henry Abbey must be attributed every straightforward and honorable quality. Maurice Grau was the cleverest of entrepreneurs."

Among the singers brought here by this combination was Tamagno, who appeared in 1890. The following season came Jean and Edouard de Reszke, who reigned supreme for a number of years. Also two American singers who had made reputations abroad,—Emma Eames and Marie van Zandt. In 1893 Nellie Melba and Emma Calve came; and in 1894 Pol Plancon. In 1896 the Abbey and Grau combination collapsed. Abbey died soon after, and Grau continued alone until 1903.

In 1895 Walter Damrosch made an effort, which extended over several years, to reestablish German opera, at the Metropolitan Opera House. This house, by the way, had been burned down in 1892, but was rebuilt and opened again in the following year. Several new singers were brought over from Germany, among them being Johanna Gadski.

In 1897 and 1898 Walter Damrosch joined forces with Charles A. Ellis, the manager of the Boston Symphony Orchestra, who had already been managing a company of which Melba was the star.

In 1896 Ernestine Schumann-Heink made her first American appearance in Chicago, and the following year joined the Metropolitan Company. Also Milka Ternina, an excellent artist, made her first appearance in Boston.

In 1898 Maurice Grau was the leading operatic impresario once more and introduced several new singers, including Marie Brema, Suzanne Adams, an American, and Marie Engle, also in 1900 another American, Louise Homer, while of the men Albert Alvarez, a French tenor, and Antonio Scotti, an Italian baritone, were the most brilliant stars.

Italian opera was now being pushed hard by German opera, while French opera was very little heard. The table of performances published in New York at the end of the season 1900-1901 shows that Wagner had thirty-four performances out of a total of eighty-six. Gounod was next with twelve performances, Verdi with eight, Puccini with eight, Meyerbeer with five, Mascagni with four, Reyer and Massenet three each, Boito, Mozart and Donizetti two each, and Beethoven, Leoncavallo and Bizet one each.

American composers were seeking new themes indigenous to the soil. Many had already written something under the title of "Rip van Winkle," and Walter Damrosch had brought out an opera based on Hawthorne's novel "The Scarlet Letter." Anton Dvořak composed his "New World Symphony" making use of negro melodies for his themes. The resources of the Indians, the prairies and the mountains have been tapped more or less successfully. The oil fields still offer a thrilling subject for the composer.

1890. Jan. 4. Peter Cornelius's opera "Der Barbier von Bagdad" presented at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City, under Walter Damrosch, also J. Bayer's ballet "Die Puppensee," with Frank Damrosch conducting.

1890. Jan. 4. Saint-Saens's Third Violin Concerto (B minor) given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra with T. Adamowski as soloist; also Borodin's First Symphony (E flat).

1890. Jan. 11. Production of MacDowell's symphonic tone poem "Lancelot and Elaine," given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1890. Jan. 23. Edouard Lalo's opera "Le Roy d'Ys," presented at New Orleans, La., with Furst, Balleroy, Geoffroy, Rossi, Butat, Miss Leavinson and Mrs. Beretta in the caste.

1890. Jan. 31. Brahms's "Liebeslieder Waltzes" given by the Symphony Society, in New York City.

1890. Feb. 1. Chaikovsky's Fourth Symphony (F minor) given at a concert of the Symphony Society in New York City. W. Damrosch conducting.

1890. Mar. 24. Debut of Tamagno, great Italian tenor, as Otello at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1890. Mar. 25. Dvořak's Pianoforte Concerto in G minor, given at a concert in Chickering Hall, Boston, under B. J. Lang, with Benjamin L. Whelpley as soloist.

1890. April 8. J. C. D. Parker's oratorio "St. John" produced by the Handel and Haydn Society in Boston.

1890. Nov. 1. Goldmark's overture "Prometheus," and Sgambati's Pianoforte Concerto in G minor, given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1890. Nov. 15. Moszkowski's Second Suite given in New York City, by Theodore Thomas.

1890. Nov. 20. Raff's overture to "Romeo and Juliet" given at a concert of the Cecilia Society in Boston.

1890. Nov. 22. Haydn's Concerto for Violoncello given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra, with Anton Hekking as soloist, also Smetana's symphonic poem "Vltava."

1890. Nov. 26. Franchetti's opera "Asraele," presented at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1890. Dec. 6. Goldmark's Violin Concerto in A minor given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra. F. Kneisel, soloist.

1890. Dec. 10. Production of H. W. Parker's overture "Count de Paris" by the Manuscript Society in New York City. Also E. C. Phelps's "Meditation" for orchestra.

1890. Dec. 12. Smareglia's opera "Der Vassall von Szigeth" presented at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1890. Dec. 12. Richard Burmeister's Pianoforte Concerto given by the Symphony Society in New York City, with the composer as soloist.

1890. Dec. Leopold Godowski, who had previously toured America as accompanist for Ovide Musin, made his first recital-tour.

1890. Grand opera given by Abbey and Schoeffel with a company including Adelina Patti, Emma Albani, Lillian Nordica, Fabbri, Carbone, Ravelli, Tamagno and others.

1891. Jan. 9. The Duke of Saxe-Coburg Gotha's opera "Diana von Solange," presented at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1891. Jan. 10. Joachim's Violin Concerto in G given by Theodore Thomas in New York City, and on the 17th, Rubinstein's overture to "Antony and Cleopatra" in Brooklyn, N. Y.

1891. Jan. 23. Debut of Xaver Scharwenka in concert at Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1891. Jan. 24. Arthur Foote's symphonic prologue "Francesca da Rimini" produced by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1891. Feb. 4. Chaikovsky's overture fantasia "Hamlet" given by Theodore Thomas in Brooklyn, N. Y.

1891. Feb. 5. Massenet's cantata "Eve" given by the New York Chorus Society at Lenox Lyceum, New York City.

1891. Feb. 23. Dudley Buck's Romance, for Four Horns and Orchestra, played at an American Composers' Concert in New York City, under Mortimer Wiske. Also H. R. Shelley's Concerto for Violin.

1891. Mar. 7. Klughardt's Third Symphony (D major) given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1891. Mar. 14. Paderewski's Pianoforte Concerto in A minor given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra, with Madame Julie Rive-King as soloist.

1891. April 2. G. W. Chadwick's ode, "The Pilgrims' Hymn," produced by the Cecilia Society, Boston.

1891. April 10. Dudley Buck's overture "The Star Spangled Banner" produced at the "Tribune" Celebration in New York City.

1891. April 15. Massenet's suite "Esclarmonde" given in Chicago, by Theodore Thomas. Produced as an opera in New Orleans, 1893. Feb. 10.

1891. April 29. Balakirev's oriental fantasia "Islamei" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra, with Arthur Friedheim, soloist.

1891. May 5. Berlioz's "Te Deum" given by the Oratorio Society in New York City, at the opening of Carnegie Hall.

1891. May 8. Chaikovsky's "Legend" and "Paternoster" given by the Oratorio Society, New York City, conducted by the composer.

1891. Sept. 9. Mascagni's opera "Cavalleria Rusticana" given in Philadelphia, under Gustav Hinrichs.

1891. Sept. 23. Dr. J. F. Bridge's dramatic oratorio "The Repentance of Nineveh" given at the Worcester (Mass.) Musical Festival.

1891. Sept. 24. Also Victor Herbert's dramatic cantata "The Captive."

1891. Sept. 24. MacDowell's suite in A minor, and

1891. Sept. 25. Handel's "Overture to an Occasional Oratorio."

1891. Oct. 31. Richard Strauss's tone poem "Don Juan" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra, A. Nikisch conducting.

1891. Nov. 3. American debut of Adolf Brodsky, noted violinist, with the New York Symphony Society, in Brahms's concerto.

1891. Nov. 5. Liszt's symphonic poem "Hungaria" given at a concert of the Philharmonic Orchestra in the Tremont Theatre, Boston, with Bernhard Listemann as conductor.

1891. Nov. 13. American debut of Ferruccio Busoni, pianist, with the Boston Symphony Orchestra in Beethoven's Fourth Concerto.

1891. Nov. 18. American debut of Ignace Paderewski, noted Polish pianist, in Carnegie Hall, New York City.

1891. Nov. 21. Production of C. M. Loeffler's suite for violin and orchestra, "Les Viellees de l'Ukraine," by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1891. Nov. 29. Berlioz's "Le 5 Mai," for bass solo, chorus and orchestra given by the Cecilia Society in Boston.

1891. Dec. 8. Rimsky-Korsakof's second symphony "Antar" given by the Arion Society, New York City, F. van der Stucken, conductor.

1891. Dec. 14. American debut of Jean (tenor) and Edouard (bass) de Reszke in "Romeo et Juliette" at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1891. Dec. 21. American debut of Marie van Zandt, American soprano, as Amina in "La Sonnambula" at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1891. Dec. 25. Reyer's opera "Sigurd" presented at the French Opera House, New Orleans, La.

1891. Dec. 26. Handel's Concerto in F major for strings and two wind instruments, given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1878. Dec. 21. Chaikovsky's fantasia "Francesca da Rimini" given by the Philharmonic Society, New York.

1891. The Chicago Symphony Orchestra established, with Theodore Thomas as conductor.

1892. Jan. 6. Litolff's overture to "King Lear" played at a Young People's Concert of the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1892. Jan. 9. Strauss's tone poem "Tod und Verklaerung" given by the Philharmonic Society, New York City, Theodore Thomas conducting.

1892. Jan. 10. Chadwick's "A Pastoral Prelude" produced by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1892. Jan. 15. American debut of Jean Lasalle, noted French baritone, as Nelusko in "L'Africaine" at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1892. Jan. 29. P. Scharwenka's symphonic poem "Fruehlingswogen" given by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. Theodore Thomas conductor.

1892. Feb. 5. Max Bruch's Second Concerto for Violin given by the New York Symphony Society with Geraldine Morgan, soloist.

1892. Feb. 6. First recital of Vladimir de Pachmann, Russian pianist, at Chickering Hall, New York City.

1892. Feb. 13. Massenet's opera "Herodiade" presented at the French Opera House, New Orleans. (Given in New York, Nov. 8, 1909, by Hammerstein.)

1892. Feb. 20. F. Busoni's Symphonic Suite (Op. 23), three movements, given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1892. Feb. 27. A. Dvořak's Fourth Symphony (G major) and Borodin's "A Prairie Scene" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1892. April 1. R. Strauss's symphonic poem "Macbeth" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1892. April 16. Suite from G. Henschel's music to "Hamlet" played by the Boston Symphony Orchestra, conducted by the composer.

1892. May 5. G. W. Chadwick's cantata "Phoenix Expirans" produced at the Springfield, Mass., Festival.

1892. Aug. 1. John Philip Sousa, noted bandmaster, resigned from the Marine Corps, and organized his band, which gained a world-wide reputation.

1892. Aug. 27. Metropolitan Opera House, New York City, destroyed by fire.

1892. Oct. 21. A. Dvořak's "Carnival" and "Otello" overtures presented at a concert given under the auspices of the National Conservatory of Music in New York City, in honor of the composer's first appearance in America.

1892. Oct. 21. The music of Moritz Moszkowski's opera "Boabdil" given by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. Also J. Strauss's waltz "Seid umschlungen Millionen."

1892. Oct. 22. Chaikovsky's suite "Le Casse-Noisette" given by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.

1892. Oct. 22. Saint-Saens's Second Symphony (A minor) given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1892. Oct. 22. Production of J. K. Paine's "Columbus March and Hymn," and George W. Chadwick's "Columbian Ode," at the dedication of the Music Building at the World's Fair in Chicago, Ill., under Theodore Thomas.

1892. Nov. 11. Hamish McCunn's concert overture "The Land of the Mountain and Flood" given by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.

1892. Dec. 2. Cherubini's Overture given in New York City.

1892. Dec. 17. P. Gilson's symphonic sketches, "La Mer," given by the Philharmonic Society, New York City.

1892. Peoples' Choral Union organized in New York City, by Frank Damrosch.

1893. Jan. 4. Saint-Saens's opera "Samson et Dalila" presented at the French Opera House, New Orleans, with Renaud and Madame Mounier in the leading parts.

1893. Jan. 24. Moritz Moszkowski's opera "Boabdil" presented at the Manhattan Opera House, New York.

1893. Jan. 31. P. Mascagni's opera "L'Amico Fritz" given its first complete stage performance in America by Walter Damrosch at Carnegie Hall, New York City. (A performance had been given June 8, 1892, by Gustav Heinrichs, in Philadelphia.)

1893. Feb. 3. Fuchs's Serenade for Strings and Two Horns given by the New York Symphony Society.

1893. Feb. 4. Arthur Foote's ballad "The Skeleton in Armor" for chorus, quartet and orchestra, produced by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1893. Mar. 4. G. Riemenschneider's "Toedtentanz" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1884. Feb. 3. Volkmann's Violoncello Concerto given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1893. Mar. 17. Edgar Tinel's oratorio "St. Francis d'Assisi" given by the Oratorio Society, New York City.

1893. April 8. Margaret Ruthven Lang's "Dramatic Overture" produced by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1893. April 15. F. Busoni's Symphonic Tone Poem produced by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1893. May 3. H. W. Parker's oratorio "Hora Novissima" produced by the Church Choral Society in New York City.

1893. June. Musorgsky's "Une Nuit sur le Mont Chauve" said to have been played in a series of Russian concerts at the World's Columbian Exposition (June 5-13) with V. T. Hlavac, conductor.

1893. June 6. Balakiref's Overture on Russian Themes given at the Chicago Exposition at a concert of Russian music, and on June 7, Glazunof's "Triumphal March."

1895. June 12. Arthur Bird's Third Orchestral Suite given at the Chicago (Ill.) Exposition.

1893. July 7. Harry Rowe Shelley's "Carnival Overture" produced at the Chicago Exposition, and on the 19th his suite "The Ruined Castle."

1893. July 29. Margaret Ruthven Lang's overture "Witches" produced at the Chicago Exposition.

1893. Aug. Bizet's opera, "The Pearl Fishers," given in English in Philadelphia.

1893. Nov. 16. Scholz's suite, "Wanderings," given by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.

1893. Nov. 16. Gounod's opera "Philemon et Baucis" given in English by the Duff Opera Company, at Herrman's Theatre, New York City.

1893. Nov. 24. G. Charpentier's orchestral suite "Impressions d'Italie" given by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.

1893. Nov. 27. New Metropolitan Opera House, New York City, opened with a performance of "Faust," at which Pol Plancon, noted French basso, made his American debut.

1893. Nov. 29. American debut of Emma Calve, noted French mezzo-soprano, as Santuzza, in "Cavalleria Rusticana" at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1893. Dec. 2. American debut of Richard Burmeister, pianist, at Carnegie Hall, New York City, with the Damrosch Orchestra.

1893. Dec. 3. F. A. Lamond's overture "From the Highlands" given by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.

1893. Dec. 4. American debut of Nellie Melba, great Australian soprano, in "Lucia di Lammermoor" at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1893. Dec. 5. First appearance in America of Josef Slivinski, Polish pianist, at a concert in Madison Square Hall, New York City.

1893. Dec. 9. Alberto Jonas, noted Spanish pianist, made his American debut in Carnegie Hall, New York City.

1893. Dec. American debut of Sigrid Arnoldson, soprano, in Gounod's opera "Philemon et Baucis," at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1893. Dec. 9. Sinding's First Symphony (D minor) given by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.

1893. Dec. 15. Dvořak's symphony in E minor "From the New World" produced by the Philharmonic Society in New York City. (Played from MS.)

1893. Dec. 28. Sgambati's "Te Deum" performed in Chicago, Ill., under directorship of Theodore Thomas.

1893. Dec. 30. Chaikovsky's "1812" overture given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1893. Henri Marteau, violinist, made his first American concert tour.

1893. The Pittsburgh (Pa.) Symphony Orchestra organized under Frederick Archer.

1893. Emil Paur appointed conductor of the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1893-4. Abbey and Grau presented grand opera with a company which included as newcomers, Emma Calve, Nellie Melba, Sigrid Arnoldson, Pol Plancon, Gurin, Dufriche and Vignas.

1894. Jan. 5. Dvořak's Concerto for Violin given by the New York City Symphony Society, with Henri Marteau as soloist.

1894. Jan. 27. Liszt's rhapsody "Espagnole" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1894. Feb. 3. Moszkowski's "Torchlight Dance" given by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.

1894. Feb. 3. Loeffler's "Concerto Fantastique" for Violoncello, produced by the Boston Symphony Orchestra, and at the same concert d'Albert's overture to "Esther" was played for the first time in America.

1894. Feb. 7. Hartmann's overture "Nordische Meerfahrt," Bruch's "Romanza" (Opus 42), and Saint-Saens's "Morceau de Concert," given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1894. Mar. 16. Chaikovsky's Sixth Symphony given by the Symphony Society in New York City, and Victor Herbert's Second Violoncello Concerto, with the composer as soloist.

1894. April. Edgar Stillman Kelley's "Aladdin" and "A Chinese Suite for Orchestra," San Francisco, Cal.

1894. April 7. Hans von Buelow's "Funerale" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1894. April 20. Massenet's opera "Werther" given at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City, with Eames, Arnoldson and Jean de Reszke in leading parts; Mancinelli conducting.

1894. May 23. Goldmark's overture to "Sappho" given in Cincinnati, O., under Theodore Thomas.

1894. May 25. Second and third tableaux from Rubinstein's sacred opera "Moses," given by Theodore Thomas in Cincinnati, O.

1894. June 15. Leoncavallo's opera "I Pagliacci" presented in New York with Kronold, Montegriffo and Campanari.

1894. Aug. 29. Puccini's opera "Manon Lescaut" presented at the Grand Opera House, Philadelphia, with Selma Kronold and Montegriffo.

1894. Sept. 27. Handel's Concerto (No. 7, in B flat) for organ and orchestra given at the Worcester (Mass.) Festival, with William C. Carl as soloist.

1894. Oct. 19. G. W. Chadwick's Third Symphony (F major) produced by Boston Symphony Orchestra. (This work won the prize offered by the National Conservatory.)

1894. Oct. 30. American debut of Cesar Thomson, noted Belgian violinist, at Carnegie Hall, New York City.

1894. Nov. 17. P. Benoit's Symphonic Poem for flute and orchestra given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1894. Nov. 25. American debut of Eugen Ysaye, great Belgian violinist, in a concert at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1894. Dec. 7. Joachim's "Theme and Variations" for violin, given by the Symphony Society, New York City, with Eugen Ysaye as soloist.

1894. Dec. 17. Bemberg's opera "Elaine" (libretto by Paul Ferrier) presented at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City, with Melba, Mantelli, J. and E. de Reszke, Plancon and Castelmary.

1894. Dec. 28. Goldmark's Scherzo (Op. 45) given by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.

1894. Dec. 29. Henry Holden Huss's Pianoforte Concerto in B major produced by the Boston Symphony Orchestra, with the composer as soloist.

1895. Jan. 5. C. M. Loeffler's Divertimento in A minor, produced by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1895. Jan. 15. American debut of Sybil Sanderson, American soprano, as Manon, at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1895. Jan. 25. A. Mackenzie's nautical overture "Britannica" given by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.

1895. Feb. 4. Verdi's opera "Falstaff" presented at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City, with Emma Eames, Zelie de Lussan, Scalchi, Campanari, and Maurel. Mancinelli conducting.

1895. Feb. 8. Cecile Chaminade's "Concertstuecke," for orchestra, given by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.

1895. Feb. 16. Gustav Strube's overture to "The Maid of Orleans" produced by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1895. Feb. 21. Howard LeGrand's oratorio "The Resurrection" given by the Church Choral Society, New York City.

1895. Feb. 22. Rheinberger's Concerto in G minor, for organ, given by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.

1895. Feb. 28. Maurice Arnold's "American Plantation Dances" given by the American Symphony Orchestra, New York City.

1895. Mar. 1. American debut of Johanna Gadski, soprano, as Elsa in "Lohengrin" at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York City.

1895. Mar. 23. Marschner's overture to "Hans Heiling," and Reinecke's entr'acte of "Der Gouverneur von Tours" given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra; also R. Kahn's overture in C minor "Elegie" produced (from MS.). "Hans Heiling" played 1856. April 19. by the Philharmonic Society, New York.

1895. Mar. 30. H. Goetz's "Spring Overture"; Knorr's "Variations on an Ukraine Folk Song," and H. W. Parker's Rhapsody for baritone and orchestra, given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1895. April 14. J. C. D. Parker's oratorio "The Life of Man" produced by the Handel and Haydn Society in Boston.

1895. Oct. 6. Humperdinck's opera "Haensel und Gretel" given in English in New York City at Daly's Theatre, with Alice Gordon, Marie Elba, Louise Meisslinger, Jacques Bars, C. Brane and E. Johnson. A. Seidl, conductor.

1895. Oct. 19. Mozart's Andante and Variations in D minor given by the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1895. Oct. 25. Smetana's symphonic poem "Sarka," and Edward German's "Three Dances of the Time of Henry VIII," given by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.