Ok er liðu nakkvarir stundir, þ mælti Auðun við konung: 'braut fsir mik n, herra!' Konungr svarar hldr seint: 'hvat villtu þ,' sgir hann, 'ef þ vill eigi með oss vera?' Hann sgir: 'suðr vil ek ganga.' 'Ef þ vildir eigi sv gott rð taka,' sgir konungr, 'þ myndi mr fyrir þykkja , er þ fsisk braut'; ok n gaf konungr honum silfr mjk mikit, ok fr hann suðr sðan með Rm-frlum, ok skipaði konungr til um frð hans, bað hann koma til sn, er kvæmi aptr. N fr hann frðar sinnar, unz hann kömr suðr Rma-borg. Ok er hann hfir þar dvalizk, sem hann tðir, þ frr hann aptr; tkr þ stt mikla, grir hann þ kafliga magran; gngr þ upp alt fit þat, er konungr hafði gefit honum til frðarinnar; tkr sðan upp staf-karls stg, ok biðr sr matar. Hann er þ kollttr ok hldr -sælligr; hann kömr aptr Danmörk at pskum, þangat sem konungr er þ staddr; en ei þorði hann at lta sj sik; ok var kirkju- skoti, ok ætlaði þ til fundar við konung, er hann gengi til kirkju um kveldit; ok n er hann s konunginn ok hirðina fagrliga bna, þ þorði hann eigi at lta sj sik. Ok er konungr gekk til drykkju hllina, þ mataðisk Auðun ti, sem siðr er til Rmfrla, meðan þeir hafa eigi kastat staf ok skreppu. Ok n of aptaninn, er konungr gekk til kveld- sngs, ætlaði Auðun at hitta hann, ok sv mikit sem honum þtti fyrr fyrir, jk n miklu , er þeir vru druknir hirðmnninir; ok er þeir gengu inn aptr, þ þkði konungr mann, ok þttisk finna at eigi hafði frama til at ganga fram at hitta hann. Ok n er hirðin gekk inn, þ veik konungr t, ok mælti: 'gangi s n fram, er mik vill finna; mik grunar at s muni vera maðrinn.' Þ gekk Auðun fram, ok fell til fta konungi, ok varla kndi konungr hann; ok þegar er konungr veit, hvrr hann er, tk konungr hnd honum Auðuni, ok bað hann vel kominn, 'ok hfir þ mikit skipazk,' segir hann, 'sðan vit smk'; leiðir hann ptir sr inn, ok er hirðin s hann, hlgu þeir at honum; en konungr sagði: 'eigi þurfu þr at honum at hlæja, þv at btr hfir hann st fyr sinni sl hldr en r.' Þ lt konungr gra [*] honum laug, ok gaf honum sðan hlæði, ok er hann n með honum. Þat er n sagt einhvrju sinni of vrit at konungr bðr Auðuni at vera með sr -lngðar, ok kvezk myndu gra hann skutil-svein sinn, ok lggja til hans gða virðing. Auðun sgir: 'Guð þakki yðr, herra! sma þann allan er þr vilið til mn lggja; en hitt er mr skapi at fara t til slands.' Konungr sgir: 'þetta snisk mr undarliga kosit.' Auðun mælti: 'eigi m ek þat vita, herra!' sgir hann, 'at ek hafa hr mikinn sma með yðr, en mðir mn [*] troði stafkarls stg t slandi; þv at n er lokit bjrg þeiri er ek lagða til, ðr ek fra af slandi.' Konungr svarar: 'vel er mælt,' sgir hann, 'ok mannliga, ok muntu verða giptu-maðr; þessi einn var sv hlutrinn, at mr myndi eigi [*] mis-lka at þ frir braut heðan; ok ver n með mr þar til er skip bask.' Hann grir sv.

Einn dag, er leið vrit, gekk Sveinn konungr ofan bryggjur, ok vru mnn þ at, at ba skip til missa landa, austr-veg eða Sax-land, til Svþjðar eða Noregs. Þ koma þeir Auðun at einu skipi fgru, ok vru mnn at, at ba skipit. Þ spurði konungr: 'hvrsu lzk þr, Auðun! þetta skip?' Hann svarar: 'vel, herra!' Konungr mælti: 'þetta skip vil ek þr gefa, ok launa bjarndrit.' Hann þakkaði gjfina ptir sinni kunnustu; ok er leið stund, ok skipit var albit, þ mælti Sveinn konungr við Auðun: 'þ villtu n braut, þ mun ek n ekki ltja þik, en þat hfi ek spurt, at ilt er til hafna fyrir landi yðru, ok eru vða öræfi ok hætt skipum; n brtr þ, ok tnir skipinu ok fnu; ltt sr þat þ , at þ hafir fundit Svein konung, ok gefit honum grsimi.' Sðan sldi konungr honum leðr-hosu fulla af silfri, 'ok ertu þ nn eigi f-lauss með llu, þtt þ brjtir skipit, ef þ fær haldit þessu. Verða m sv nn,' sgir konungr, 'at þ tnir þessu f; ltt ntr þ þ þess, er þ fannt Svein konung, ok gaft honum grsimi.' Sðan dr konungr hring af hndi sr, ok gaf Auðuni, ok mælti: 'þ at sv illa verði, at þ brjtir skipit ok tnir fnu, eigi ertu flauss, ef þ kömsk land, þv at margir mnn hafa gull sr skips-brotum, ok sr þ at þ hfir fundit Svein konung, ef þ hldr hringinum; en þat vil ek rða þr,' sgir hann, 'at þ gefir eigi hringinn, nema þ þykkisk eiga sv mikit gott at launa nkkurum gfgum manni, þ gef þeim hringinn, þv at tignum mnnum smir at þiggja, ok far n heill!'

Sðan lætr hann haf, ok kömr Noreg, ok lætr flytja upp varnað sinn, ok þurfti n meira við þat en fyrr, er hann var Noregi. Hann frr n sðan fund Haralds konungs, ok vill fna þat er hann ht honum, ðr hann fr til Danmrkr, ok kvðr konung vel. Haraldr konungr tk vel kvðju hans, ok 'szk niðr,' sgir hann, 'ok drekk hr með oss'; ok sv grir hann. Þ spurði Haraldr kon- ungr: 'hvrju launaði Sveinn konungr þr drit?' Auðun svarar: 'þv, herra! at hann þ at mr.' Konungr sagði: 'launat mynda ek þr þv hafa; hvrju launaði hann nn?' Auðun svarar: 'gaf hann mr silfr til suðr-gngu.' Þ sgir Haraldr konungr: 'mrgum mnnum gefr Sveinn konungr silfr til suðrgngu eða annarra hluta, þtt ekki fri honum grsimar; hvat er nn fleira?' 'Hann bauð mr,' sgir Auðun, 'at görask skutilsveinn hans, ok mikinn sma til mn at lggja.' 'Vel var þat mælt,' sgir konungr, 'ok launa, myndi hann nn fleira.' Auðun sagði: 'gaf hann mr knrr með farmi þeim er hingat er bzt varit Noreg.' Þat var str-mannligt,' sgir konungr, 'en launat mynda ek þr þv hafa. Launaði hann þv fleira?' Auðun svaraði: 'gaf hann mr leðrhosu fulla af silfri, ok kvað mik þ eigi flausan, ef ek helda þv, þ at skip mitt bryti við sland.' Konungr sagði: 'þat var -gætliga grt, ok þat mynda ek ekki grt hafa; lauss mynda ek þykkjask, ef ek gæfa þer skipit; hvrt launaði hann fleira?' 'Sv var vst, herra!' sgir Auðun, 'at hann launaði: hann gaf mr hring þenna er ek hfi hndi, ok kvað sv mega at berask, at ek tnda fnu llu, ok sagði mik þ eigi flausan, ef ek ætta hringinn, ok bað mik eigi lga, nema ek ætta nkkurum tignum manni sv gott at launa, at ek vilda gefa; en n hfi ek þann fundit, þv at þ ttir kost at taka hvrttvggja fr mr, drit ok sv lf mitt, en þ lzt mik fara þangat friði, sem aðrir nðu eigi.' Konungr tk við gjfinni með blðu, ok gaf Auðuni mti gðar gjafir, ðr en þeir skilðisk. Auðun varði fnu til slands-frðar ok fr t þegar um sumarit til slands, ok þtti vera inn mesti gæfumaðr.

VII. ÞRYMS-KVIÐA

1. Vreiðr var þ Ving-þrr, er hann vaknaði, ok sns hamars of saknaði: skgg nam at hrista, skr nam at dja, rð Jarðar burr um at þreifask.

2. Ok hann þat orða alls fyrst of kvað: 'heyr-ðu n, Loki! hvat ek n mæli, er engi veit jarðar hvrgi [*] n upp-himins: ss er stolinn hamri!'

3. Gengu þeir fagra Freyju tna, [*] ok hann þat orða alls fyrst of kvað: 'muntu mr, Freyja! fjaðr-hams lj, ef ek minn hamar mætta-k hitta?'

Freyja kvað:

4. Þ munda-k gefa þr, þtt r gulli væri, ok-þ slja at væri r silfri.' [*]

5. Fl þ Loki, fjaðrhamr dunði, unz fyr utan kom sa garða, ok fyr innan kom jtna heima.

6. Þrymr sat haugi, þursa drttinn, greyjum snum gull-bnd snöri ok mrum snum mn jafnaði.

Þrymr kvað:

7. 'Hvat er með sum? hvat er með lfum? hv er-tu einn kominn Jtunheima?'

Loki kvað:

'Ilt er með sum, ilt er með lfum; hfir þ Hl-riða hamar of flginn?'

Þrymr kvað:

8. 'Ek hfi Hlriða hamar of flginn tta rstum fyr jrð neðan; hann engi maðr aptr of heimtir, nema fri mr Freyju at kvn.' [*]

9. Fl þ Loki, fjaðrhamr dunði, unz fyr utan kom jtna heima ok fyr innan kom sa garða; mtti hann Þr miðra garða, ok hann þat orða alls fyrst of kvað:

10. 'Hfir þ örindi sem rfiði? sg-ðu lopti lng tðindi: opt sitjanda sgur of fallask, ok liggjandi lygi of bllir.'

Loki kvað:

11. 'Hfi-k rfiði ok örindi: Þrymr hfir þinn hamar, þursa drttinn; hann engi maðr aptr of heimtir, nema honum fri Freyju at kvn.'

12. Ganga þeir fagra Freyju at hitta, ok hann þat orða alls fyrst of kvað: 'bitt-u þik, Freyja, brðar lni! vit skulum aka tvau Jtunheima.'

13. Vreið varð þ Freyja ok fnsaði, allr sa salr undir bifðisk, stkk þat it mikla mn Brsinga: 'mik veizt-u verða ver-gjarnasta, ef ek k með þr Jtunheima.'

14. Snn vru æsir allir þingi ok synjur allar mli, ok of þat rðu rkir tvar, hv þeir Hlriða hamar of stti.

15. Þ kvað þat Heimdallr, hvtastr sa (vissi hann vel fram, sem vanir aðrir): 'bindum vr Þr þ brðar lni, hafi hann it mikla mn Brsinga!

16. Ltum und honum hrynja lukla ok kvenn-vðir of kn falla, en brjsti breiða steina, ok hagliga of hfuð typpum!'

17. Þ kvað þat Þrr, þrðugr ss: 'mik munu æsir argan kalla, ef ek bindask læt brðar lni.'

18. Þ kvað þat Loki, Laufeyjar sonr: 'þgi þ [n], Þrr! þeira orða; þegar munu jtnar sgarð ba, nema þ þinn hamar þr of heimtir.'

19. Bundu þeir Þr þ brðar lni ok inu mikla mni Brsinga.

20. Ltu und honum hrynja lukla ok kvenn-vðir of kn falla, en brjsti breiða steina, ok hagliga of hfuð typðu.

21. Þ kvað þat Loki, Laufeyjar sonr: 'mun ek ok með þr ambtt vera, vit skulum aka tvær Jtunheima.'

22. Snn vru hafrar heim of reknir, skyndir at skklum, skyldu vel rnna: bjrg brotnuðu, brann jrð loga, k ðins sonr Jtunheima.

23. Þ kvað þat Þrymr, þursa drttinn: 'standið upp, jtnar! ok strið bkki! n fra mr Freyju at kvn, Njarðar dttur, r Na-tnum.

24. Ganga hr at garði gull-hyrndar kr, öxn al-svartir jtni at gamni; fjlð ek meiðma, fjlð ek mnja, einnar mr Freyju vant þykkir.'

25. Var þar at kveldi of komit snimma, ok fyr jtna l fram borit; einn t oxa, tta laxa, krsir allar, þær er konur skyldu, drakk Sifjar verr sld þrj mjaðar.

26. Þ kvað þat Þrymr, þursa drttinn: 'hvar sttu brðir bta hvassara? sk-a-k brðir bta breiðara, n inn meira mjð mey of drekka.'

27. Sat in al-snotra ambtt fyrir, er orð of fann við jtuns mli: 't vætr Freyja tta nttum, sv var hon ð-fs Jtunheima.'

28. Laut und lnu, lysti at kyssa, en hann utan stkk nd-langan sal: 'hv eru ndtt augu Freyju? þykkir mr r augum eldr of brnna.'

29. Sat in alsnotra ambtt fyrir, er orð of fann við jtuns mli: 'svaf vætr Freyja tta nttum, sv var hon ðfs Jtunheima.'

30. Inn kom in arma jtna systir, hin er brð-fjr of biðja þorði: 'lttu þr af hndum hringa rauða, ef þ ðlask vill stir mnar, stir mnar, alla hylli!'

31. Þ kvað þat Þrymr, þursa drttinn: 'berið inn hamar brði at vgja, lggið Mjllni meyjar kn, vgið okkr saman Vrar hndi!'

32. Hl Hlriða hugr brjsti, er harð-hugaðr hamar of þkði; Þrym drap hann fyrstan, þursa drttin, ok ætt jtuns alla lamði.

33. Drap hann ina ldnu jtna systur, hin er brðfjr of beðit hafði; hon skell of hlaut fyr skillinga, en hgg hamars fyr hringa fjlð. Sv kom ðins sonr ndr at hamri.

NOTES

The references marked Gr. are to the paragraphs of the Grammar.

I. THOR

Line 3. *Hann þar rki er Þrð-vangar heita*, 'he reigns (there) where it is called Þ.,' i.e. in the place which is called Þ. The plur. heita agrees with þrðvangar, as in l. 14 below: þat eru jrnglfar 'that is (his) iron gloves.'

l. 5. *þat er hs mest, sv at mnn hafa grt*, 'that is the largest house, so that men have made (it),' i.e. the largest house that has been built. Note the plur. hs of a single house; each chamber was originally regarded as a house, being often a detached building.

l. 13. *spnnir þeim*, Gr. § 154; cp. 2. 49.

II. THOR AND TGARÐALOKI

l. 1. *fr með hafra sna...ok með honum s, ss er...* We see here that með generally takes an acc. to denote passive, and a dat. to denote voluntary accompaniment.

l. 5. *soðit* refers to some such subst. as sltr (meat) understood.

l. 11. *sprtti ...* _ is here an adv.

l. 12. *til mrgjar.* til here implies intention—to get at the marrow.

l. 20. *þat er s augnanna*, 'the little he saw of the eyes.'— Thor frowned till his eyebrows nearly covered his eyes, and the man felt as if he were going to fall down dead at the mere sight of them.

l. 21. The second *hann* refers, of course, to Thor.

l. 34. *til myrkrs*, till it was dark.

l. 36. *þeir*, the masc. instead of the neut. pl., as in l. 32 *foll.*, showing that leituðu is meant to refer only to the men of the party, and not to include Rskva. (Gr. § 179.)

l. 46. *sr hvar l maðr*, 'saw where a man lay,' i.e. saw a man lying.

l. 51. *einu sinni*, for once in his life.

l. 52. *nfndisk Skrmir*, said his name was Skr.

l. 66. *bið til* (prp.) *ntt-verðar yðr*, prepare supper for yourselves.

l. 77. *Er þat þr satt at sgja*. satt is in apposition to þat—'that is to be told you as the truth, (namely) that...'

l. 88. *sj sik*, see himself alive.

l. 104. *þann* = þann veg, that way, course.

l. 108. *at æsirnir bæði þ heila hittask*. The full sense is, 'that Thor and Loki expressed a wish that they and Skrmir might meet again safe and sound.'

ll. 111, 112. *sttu hnakkann bak sr aptr*, threw back the backs of their heads till they touched their backs, i.e. threw back their heads.

l. 118. *rit stra*, 'rather big,' i.e. very big.

l. 120. *glotti um tnn*, 'grinned round a tooth,' i.e. showed his teeth in a malicious grin. Two MSS. read við instead of um.

l. 121. *er annan veg en ek hygg, at...?* is it otherwise than as I think, namely that...? i.e. am I not right in thinking that...?

l. 127. *engi er hr s inni er...* = engi er hr-inni s-er...

l. 129. *freista skal*, Gr. § 192.

l. 140. *kallar þess meiri vn at hann s...* 'says that there is more probability of that, namely that he is...than of the contrary,' i.e. says that he will have to be...

l. 150. *fthvatari en sv*, 'more swift-footed than so—under these circumstances,' i.e. than you.

l. 156. *ok er Þjlfl eigi þ kominn...* = þ er Þjlfi eigi kominn...

l. 172. *at sinni*, this time.

l. 172. *hann*, acc.

l. 173. *laut r horninu*, bent back from the horn.

l. 188. *mestr* refers to drykkr understood.

l. 218. *kalli*, Gr. § 192.

l. 241. *þ* refers to uni.

III. BALDER

l. 7. *engi* agrees with dmr.

IV. THE DEATH OF BALDER

l. 11. *hann*, acc.

l. 20. *ungr*, too young.

l. 31. *-happ* is in apposition to þat; cp. 3. 7.

ll. 33, 34. *vru með einum hug til...* had the same feelings towards.

l. 36. *var...fyrr*, was beforehand, prevented.

l. 42. *vili*, subj. 'whether he will';—change of construction.

l. 55. *nema*, 'unless,' here = 'until.'

l. 89. *heim*. This use of heim in the sense of 'someone else's home.' is frequent. Cp. our 'drive a nail home.'

l. 94. *sv* refers to ok ef allir hlutir..., the ok being pleonastic.

l. 108. *hvar*, cp. 2. 46.

l. 113. *karl*, 'old man,' here = Odin.

V. HÐINN AND HEGNI

l. 6. *Hðinn* = hann; this use of a proper name instead of a pronoun is frequent.

l. 9. *þar*. Cp. 1. 3.

VI. THE DEATH OF OLAF TRYGGVASON

l. 17. *sv at*, so that, i.e. just when.

l. 30. *er*, namely that.

l. 33. *austan at sigla*, is in a kind of apposition to frðina.

l. 40. *sv*, also.

l. 48. *muni fyrir*, awaits you, is impending.

l. 53. *meira*, adv., better, faster.

l. 149. *bar hann htt*, impers. w. acc.; he was in a conspicuous place.

l. 244. *við fimtnda mann*, one of fifteen, with fourteen men.

l. 259. *vpna* is governed by the second half of the genitival compound klæða-bnað, which is here considered as two independent words.

VII. AUÐUN

l. 17. *var fyrir*, was to be found.

l. 26. *tvau verð slk*, double the price you gave.

l. 55. *f* is probably dat. here, but may be nom.

l. 56. *ptir sem...*, according as, in accordance with what.

l. 64. *n...n*, lately...just now.

l. 116. *hldr* is here used pleonastically in a kind of apposition to the preceding btr.

l. 125. *en*, and = while.

l. 129. *þessi einn var sv hlutrinn, at...*, this single thing is the case, namely that... i.e. the only thing is that...

VIII. ÞRYMSKVIÐA

l. 7. *jarðar* is governed by hvrgi.

l. 9. *tna*. Poetical construction of gen. to denote goal of motion.

l. 15. *þ* goes with the following at = ok slja, þat (þtt) væri r silfri.

l. 32. *fri* may be either sg. or pl. 3 pers.



GLOSSARY

æ follows að, ð follows d, follows e, follows oð, follows o, ö follows , þ follows t.

The declensions of nouns are only occasionally given.

(-rs) etc. means that the r of the nom. is kept in inflection.

A

-a adv. not. sf. river. see *eiga*. prp. w. acc. and dat. on, in. ðr adv., cj. before. aðrir see *annar*. æsir see *ss*. ætla wv. 3, consider, deem: 'ætlask fyrir,' intend. ætt sf. 2, race, descent, family. ætta see *eiga*. af prp. w. dat. from; of; with; adv. 'drekka af,' drink off. af-hs sn. out-house, side room. afl sn. strength, might. af-taka wf. damage, injury. gætliga adv. splendidly. aka sv. 2, drive (a chariot, etc.). kafliga adv. vehemently, hard—'kalla a.' call loudly. akarn sn. acorn. akkeri sn. anchor. lar-ndir sm. thong-end, end of a strap. al-binn adj. w. gen. quite ready. aldinn adj. old. aldri adv. never. -lngðar adv. for some time. lfr sm. elf. -lit snpl. appearance, countenance [lta]. all-harðr adj. very hard, very violent. all-ltill adj. very little. all-mann-skðr adj. (very injurious to men), very murderous (of a battle) [skaði, 'injury']. all-mikill adj. very great. allr adj. all, whole; 'með llu,' entirely; 'alls fyrst,' first of all. all-strum adv. very greatly. all-valdr sm. monarch, king. al-snotr adj. very clever. al-svartr adj. very black, coal-black. alt adv. quite. ambtt sf. 2, female slave, maid. and-lit sn. face [lta]. annarr prn. second; following, next; other; one of the two— 'annar...annarr,' one...the other. aptann sm. evening. aptastr adj. most behind. aptr adv. back, backwards, behind. r sf. oar. r sn. year. r see **. argr adj. cowardly, base. r-maðr sm. steward. armr adj. wretched. s-mgin sn. divine strength. ss sm. 3, (Scandinavian) god. st sf. 2, affection, love, often in pl. st-sæll adj. beloved, popular. [sæll, 'happy']. synja wf. (Scandinavian) goddess [ss]. t see *eta*. at prp. w. dat. at, by; to, towards, up to; for; in accordance with, after. at adv. to. -at adv. not. at-laga wf. attack [lggja]. at-rðr (-rar) sm. 2, rowing against, attack. tta num. eight. tta see *eiga*. auð-kndr adj. easy to be recognized, easily distinguishable. auðr adj. desert, deserted, without men. auð-snn adj. evident. auga wn. eye. aug-sn sf. sight. auka sv. 1, increase; impers., w. dat. of what is added 'jk n miklu ,' much was added to it (his hesitation increased). austan adv. from the east. aust-maðr sm. Easterner, Norwegian. austr sn. the east—' au.,' eastwards. austr adv. eastwards. austr-vegr sm. the East, especially Russia. valt adv. continually, all the time. -vanr adj. wanting; impers. neut. in 'einnar mr Freyju vant þykkir,' Freyja alone I seem to want. -vinnr adj. toilsome, only in the impers. neut. 'mun -vint verða um sxin,' it will be a hard fight at the prow.

B

bað see *biðja*. bðir prn. both, neut. as adv. in 'bæði...ok,' both...and. bðu see *biðja*. bða see *biðja*. bði see *bðir*. baggi wm. bag; bundle. bak sn. back, 'vrja eitt baki,' defend a thing with the back, i.e. turns one's back to it = be a coward. bak-borði wm. larboard. bl sn. flame; funeral pile. bl-fr sf. funeral. bani wm. death. bar see *bera*. bardagi wm. battle. barð sn. edge, rim; projection in the prow of a ship formed by the continuation of the keel. barða see *brja*. barði wm. war-ship with a sharp prow, ram. barn sn. child. batt see *binda*. bauð see *bjða*. beiða wv. 1, w. gen. of thing and dat. of pers. benefited, ask, demand. bein sn. bone. bkkr sm. 2, bench. blla wv. 1, occupy oneself with, deal in, generally in a bad sense. bera sv. 4, carry, take; bear, endure. berask at, happen. b. fram, bring forward, out. b. vpn niðr, shoot down. b. rð sn saman, hold council, deliberate. berg-risi wm. hill-giant. brja wv. 1b, strike—'b. grjti,' stone. *brjask*, fight. brr adj. bare, unsheathed (of a sword). ber-srkr sm. 2, wild fighter, champion. [Literally 'bear-shirt,' i.e. one clothed in a bear's skin.] btr see *vel*. btri see *gðr*. bzt see *vel*. bztr see *gðr*. beygja wv. 1, bend, arch. bða sv. 6, w. gen. wait for; w. acc. abide, undergo. biðja sv. 5, ask, beg, pray, w. gen. of thing, acc. of the pers. asked, and dat. of the person benefited; express a wish, bid—'bað hann vel kominn' (vera understood), bad him welcome; call on, challenge, command, tell. bifask wv. 1, tremble, shake. bil sn. moment of time. bila wv. 2, fail. bilt neut. adj. only in the impers. 'einum verðr bilt,' one hesitates, is taken aback, is afraid. binda sv. 3, bind, tie up; dress. birta wv. 1, show [bjartr]. bta sv. 6, bite; cut. bittu see *binda*. bitu see *bta*. bjarn-dri sn. bear. bjartr adj. bright, clear. bj see *ba*. bjða sv. 7, w. acc. and dat. offer, propose—'b. einum fang,' challenge to wrestling; invite. b. upp, give up. bjrg sf. help; means of subsistence, store of food. blsa sv. 1, blow; blow trumpet as signal. bleyða wf. coward. blða wf. gentleness, friendliness. blindr adj. blind. blð sn. blood. blt-bolli wm. sacrificial bowl. btr see *bt*. boga-skot sn. bowshot. bogi wm. bow. bog-maðr sm. bowman, archer. bndi sm. 4, yeoman, householder, (free) man [ba]. borð sn. side of a ship, board; rim, the margin between the rim of a vessel and the liquid in it—'n er gott beranda b. horninu,' now there is a good margin for carrying the horn, i.e. its contents are so diminished that it can be lifted without spilling. borg sf. fortress, castle. borg-hlið sn. castle gate. bt sf. 3, mending, improvement; plur. *btr*, compensation. brn see *barn*. br sf. eyelid. br see *bregða*. bragð sn. trick, stratagem [bregða]. brann see *brnna*. brast see *bresta*. brtt adv. quickly. braut sf. way—* braut*, adv. away. braut see *brjta*. braut, brott adv. away. bregða sv. 3, w. dat. jerk, pull, push; b. upp, lift, raise (to strike). change, transform. breiðr adj. broad. brnna wf. burning; incremation. brnna sv. 3, burn intr. brnna wv. 1, burn trans. bresta sv. 3, break, crack, burst. brestr sm. crack; loss. brjst sn. breast. brjta sv. 7, break—'b. (skip)' suffer shipwreck, also impers. 'skip (acc.) brtr,' the ship is wrecked. broddr sm. point. brðir sm. 4, brother. brotinn see *brjta*. brotna wv. 3, break intr. brott see *braut*. brott-laga sf. retreat. br sf. bridge. brð-f sn. bridal gift. brðr sf. 2, bride. brn sf. 3, eyebrow. bryggja wf. pier. brynja wf. corslet. brnn see *brn*. bryn-stka wf. corslet-sleeve. bryti see *brjta*. brtr see *brjta*. b sn. dwelling, home. ba sv. 1, dwell; inhabit, possess, prepare. *bask*, get ready, prepare intr. 'er bit við at...' it is likely to be that..., there is danger of... buðu see *bjða*. binn adj. ready; in a certain condition—'(við) sv bit' adv. under such circumstances; capable, fit for—'vel at sr binn,' very capable, very good (at). bundu see *binda*. burr sm. son. bðr see *bjða*. br see *ba*. byrja wv. 3, begin. byr-vænn adj. promising a fair wind.

D

daga wv. 3, dawn. dagan sf. dawn. dagr sm. day. dalr sm. valley. dauðr adj. dead. dgi see *dagr*. deyja sv. 2, die. djpr adj. deep. d see *deyja*. dmr sm. decision. dttir sf. 3, daughter. dgurðr sm. breakfast [-urð = -verðr, cp. nttverðr]. dkkr (-vir) adj. dark. draga sv. 2, draw, drag. d. saman, collect. drakk see *drekka*. drap see *drepa*. draumr sm. dream. drginn see *draga*. dreif see *drfa*. drki wm. dragon; dragon-ship, ship with a dragon's head as a beak. drekka sv. 3, drink. drepa sv. 5, strike; kill. dreyma wv. 1, impers. w. acc. of pers. and acc. of the thing dream [draumr]. drfa sv. 6, drive; hasten. drjpa sv. 7, drop. dr see *draga*. drgu see *draga*. drttinn sm. lord. drttin-hollr adj. faithful to its master. drukkinn adj. (ptc.) drunk. drupu see *drjpa*. drykkja wf. drinking [drekka]. drykkju-maðr sm. drinker. drykkr sm. 2, draught. duna wv. 3, resound. dunði see *dynja*. dvalða see *dvlja*. dvlja wv. 1b, delay. *dvljask*, dwell, stop. dvergr sm. dwarf. dyðrill sm. (?). dja wv. 1b, shake. dynja wv. 1b, resound. dr sn. animal, beast. dyrr sfnpl. door.

E

eða cj. or. ef cj. if. fna wv. 1, perform, carry out. ggja wv. 3, incite. eiðr sm. oath. eiga wf. property. eiga swv. possess, have: have as wife, be married to; have in the sense of must. eigi adv. not; no. eign sf. property. eignask wv. 3, appropriate, gain. eik sf. 3, oak. einka-ml snpl. personal agreement, special treaty. einn num., prn. one; the same; a certain, a; alone, only— 'einn saman,' alone, mere. einn-hvrr prn. a certain, some, a. eira wv. 1, w. dat. spare. eitr sn. poison. ek prn. I. k see *aka*. ekki prn. neut. nothing; adv. not. eldr sm. fire. lli wf. old age. ellifti adj. eleventh. ellifu num. eleven. em see *vera*. en cj. but; and. en adv. than, after compar. ndask wv. 1, end, suffice for. ndi, ndir sm. end. nd-langr adj. the whole length—'ndlangan sal,' the whole length of the hall. ndr adv. again. engi prn. none, no. nn adv. yet, still; besides; after all. ptir prp. w. acc. after (of time). w. dat. along, over; in quest of, after; according to, by. adv. afterwards; behind [aptr]. ptri adj. compar. hind. er prn. rel. who, which, rel. adv. where; when; because, that. er see *vera*. er see *þ*. rfiði sn. work; trouble. ert see *vera*. eru see *vera*. eta sv. 5, eat. ey sf. island.

F

f sv. 1, grasp; receive, get; give; be able. *fsk*, wrestle. *fsk *, be obtained, be. faðir sm. 4, father. fær see *f*. fæstr see *fr*. fagnaðr sm. 2, joy; entertainment, hospitality. fagr adj. beautiful, fair, fine. fagrliga adv. finely. fall sn. fall. falla sv. 1, fall. *fallask*, be forgotten, fail. fang sn. embrace, grasp; wrestling. fann see *finna*. fr adj. few—neut. ftt w. gen.: 'ftt manna,' few men. fara go, travel—w. gen. in such constr. as 'f. frðar sinnar,' go his way; fare (well, ill); happen, turn out; experience; 'f. með einu,' deal with, treat; destroy, use up w. dat. *farask* impers. in 'frsk þeim vel,' they have a good passage. farmr sm. lading, cargo. fastr adj. firm, fast, strong. f sn. property, money. fðrum see *faðir*. fekk see *f*. fgrð sf. beauty [fagr]. fgrstr see *fagr*. feikn-stafir smpl. 2, wickedness. fela sv. 3, hide. flagi wm. companion. f-lauss adj. penniless. f-ltill adj. with little money, poor. fell see *falla*. flla wv. 1, fell, throw down; kill [falla]. fengu, fnginn see *f*. fr see *fara*. frð sf. 2, journey [fara]. fer-skeyttr adj. four-cornered. fimm num. five. fimtndi adj. fifteenth. finna sv. 3, find; meet, go to see; notice, see. fjaðr-hamr sm. feathered (winged) coat. fjall sn. mountain. fjr see *f*. fjara sf. ebb-tide; beach. fjogur see *fjrir*. fjrði adj. fourth. fjrir num. four. fjlð wf. quantity. fjl-kyngi sn. magic. fjl-mnni sn. multitude; troop [maðr]. fjrðr sm. 3, firth. fjrur see *fjara*. fl sv. 2, flay, skin. flaug see *fljga*. flginn see *fl*. flestr see *margr*. fljta sv. 7, float, drift. fljga sv. 7, fly. fl see *fljga*. floti wm. fleet [fljtal. fltti wm. flight [flja]. flugu see *fljga*. fluttu see *flytja*. flja wv. 1, flee. flytja wv. 1b. remove, bring. fnsa wv. 3, snort. fra wv. 1, bring, take; fasten [fara]. frir see *fara*. fti see *ft*. flginn see *fela*. flk sn. multitude, troop; people. fr see *fara*. for-tlur wpl. representations, arguments [tala]. fstra wf. nurse. ft-hvatr adj. swift-footed. ftr sm. foot; leg. fður see *faðir*. fr sf. journey [fara]. fru-neyti sn. company [njta]. fr prp. from, away from; about, concerning. ' fr' adv. away. frændi sm. 4, relation. fr-fall sn. death. fram adv. forward, forth. compar. *framar*, ahead. framastr adj. superl. chief, most distinguished. frami wm. advantage, courage. framiðr see *frmja*. fram-stafn sm. prow. fr-sgn sf. narrative, relation. freista wv. 3, w. gen. try, test. frmja wv. 1b, perform [fram]. friðr sm. 2, peace. frðr adj. beautiful, fine. frðr adj. learned, wise. frkn adj. bold, daring. frost sn. frost. fugl sm. bird. full-kominn adj. (ptc.) complete; ready (for). fullr adj. full. fundr sm. 2, meeting [finna]. fundu see *finna*. furðu adv. awfully, very. fss adj. eager. fylgja wv. 1, w. dat. follow; accompany. fylki sn. troop [flk]. fylkja wv. 1, w. dat. draw up (troops) [flk]. fylla wv. 1, fill [fullr]. fyr, fyrir prp. w. acc. and dat. before; beyond, over—'f. borð,' overboard; instead of—'koma f.' adv. be given as compensation; for; because of. 'f. þv at,' because. 'ltill. f. sr,' insignificant. fyrir-rm sn. fore-hold, chief-cabin. fyrirrms-maðr sm. man in the fore-hold. fyrr adv. compar. before, formerly. superl. *fyrst*, first. fyrri adj. compar. former. superl. *fyrstr*, first. fsa wv. 1, hasten trans.—impers. 'braut fsir mik,' I feel a desire to go away [fss].

G

g wv. 1, w. gen. heed, care for. gæfa wf. luck [gefa]. gæta wv. 1, watch, take care of [geta]. gaf see *gefa*. gæfu-maðr sm. lucky man. gaflak sn. javelin. gamall adj. old. gaman sn. amusement, joy. ganga sv. 1, go, with gen. of goal in poetry; attack—'g. skip,' board a ship. g. af, be finished. g. til, come up. g. upp, land; board a ship; be used up, expended (of money). garðr sm. enclosure, court; dwelling. gat see *geta*. gefa sv. 5, give. ggnum, ggnum prp. w. gen. through. gekk see *ganga*. glti see *gltr*. gnginn, gngr, gengu see *ganga*. geta sv. 5, w. gen. mention, speak of; guess, suppose. geysi adv. excessively. gipta wf. luck [gefa]. giptu-maðr sm. lucky man. gjafar see *gjf*. gjf sf. gift. glotta wv. 2, smile maliciously, grin. glæsiligr adj. magnificent. gnr sm. din, noise. gðr adj. good—'gott er til eins,' it is easy to get at, obtain. glf sn. floor; apartment, room. gott see *gðr*. gfugr adj. distinguished [gefa]. gltr sm. 3, boar. gmul see *gamall*. gra wv. 1c, do, make. *grask*, set about doing; be made into, become. *gra at*, accomplish, carry out. grsimi wf. article of value, treasure. granda wv. 3, w. dat. injure. grr adj. gray. gras sn. grass; plant, flower. grta sv. 1, weep, mourn for. grtr sm. weeping. greiða wv. 1, put in order, arrange. greip see *grpa*. gres-jrn sn. iron wire (?). grey sn. dog. grið snpl. peace, security. griða-staðr sm. sanctuary. grind sf. 3, lattice door, wicket. grpa sv. 6, seize. gripr sm. 2, article of value, treasure. grjt sn. stone (collectively). gra sv. 1, grow; heal. grr see *gra*. gruna wv. 3, impers.—'mik grunar,' I suspect, think. grunr sm. 2, suspicion. gull sn. gold. gull-band sn. gold band. gull-binn adj. adorned with gold. gull-hringr sm. gold ring. gull-hyrndr adj. (ptc.) with gilt horns. gull-roðinn adj. (ptc.) gilt. ggr sf. giantess. gyltr adj. (ptc.) gilt. gyrða wv. 1, gird.

H

hæstr _see_ *hr*. hætta _wv._ 1, _w. dat._ desist from, stop. hættligr _adj._ dangerous, threatening. hættr _adj._ dangerous. haf _sn._ sea. hafa _wv._ 1, have; 'h. einn nær einu,' bring near to, expose to; use, utilize. at hafask, undertake. til hafa, have at hand. hafna _see_ *hfn*. hafr _sm._ goat. hafr-staka _wf._ goatskin. hagliga _adv._ neatly. hagr _sm._ condition; advantage—'þr mun h. vera,' will avail thee, be profitable to you. hag-stðr _adj._ favourable. halda _sv._ 1, _w. dat._ hold (also with prp. _); keep. _w. acc._ observe, keep (laws, etc.). _intr._ take a certain direction, go. hlfr _adj._ half. hlfu _adv._ by half, half as much again. hallar _see_ *hll*. hallar-glf _sn._ hall floor. haltr _adj._ lame. hamarr _sm._ hammer. hamars-muðr _sm._ thin end of hammer. hamar-skapt _sn._ handle of a hammer. hamar-spor _sn._ mark made by a hammer. hana _see_ *hann*. handar _see_ *hnd*. hand-skot _sn._ throwing with the hand. hand-tkinn _ptc. pret._ taken by hand, taken alive. hann _prn._ he. hr _sn._ hair. hr _adj._ high. harð-hugaðr _adj._ stern of mood. harðr _adj._ hard; strong. harð-skeytr _adj._ strong-shooting [skjta]. harmr _sm._ grief. hski _wm._ danger. h-sæti _sn._ high seat, dais [sitja]. hsætis-kista _sf._ chest under the dais. htt _adv._ high; loudly. haugr _sm._ mound. hauss _sm._ skull. heðan _adv._ hence. hfi _see_ *hafa*. hfja _sv._ 2, raise, lift; begin. hfna _wv._ 1, _w. gen._ revenge, avenge. heill _adj._ sound, safe, prosperous. heil-rði _sn._ sound advice, good advice r. heim _adv._ to one's home, home (domum). heima _adv._ at home (domi). heima-maðr _sm._ man of the household. heim-fss _adj._ longing to go home, homesick. heimr _sm._ home, dwelling; world. heimta _wv._ 1, fetch, obtain, get back. heita _sv._ 1, call; _w. dat. of pers. and dat. of thing_ promise; _intr._ (_pres._ heiti) be named, called. hldr _see_ *halda*. hldr _adv. compar._ more willingly, rather, sooner, more; rather, very. hl-grindr _sf._ the doors of hell. hllir _sm._ cave. helt _see_ *halda*. hl-vegr _sm._ road to hell. hlzt _adv. superl._ most willingly, soonest, especially, most [hldr]. hndi, hndr _see_ *hnd*. hnnar, hnni _see_ *hann*. hpta _wv._ 1, bind; hinder, stop. hr _adv._ here—'h. af,' etc. here-of. hr-bergi _sn._ quarters, lodgings. hrða _wv._ harden, clench. hr-fang _sn._ booty. hrja _wv._ 3, make war, ravage [hrr]. hrr _sm._ army, fleet. herra _sm._ lord. hr-skip _sn._ war-ship. hestr _sm._ horse. ht _see_ *heita*. heyra _wv._ 1, hear. himinn _sm._ heaven. hingat _adv._ hither. hinn _prn._ that. hirð _sf._ court. hirð-maðr _sm._ courtier. hiti _wm._ heat. hitta _wv._ come upon, find, meet; _trans._ go to. *hittask*, meet, _intr._ hj _prp. w. dat._ by, at; in comparison with. hjlmr _sm._ helmet. hjn _snpl._ household. hlaða _sv._ 2, load, heap up; 'h. seglum,' take in sails. hlæja _sv._ 2, laugh. hlaupa _sv._ 1, jump, leap; run. hlaut _see_ *hljta*. hleyp _see_ *hlaupa*. hleypa _wv._ 1, make to run (i.e. the horse), gallop. hlf _sf._ shield. hlfa _wv._ 1, _w. dat._ shelter, cover, protect. hljp _see_ *hlaupa*. hljta _sv._ 7, get, receive. hlðu _see_ *hlaða*. hlgu _see_ *hlæja*. hlunnr _sm._ roller (for launching ships). hluti _wm._ portion [hljta]. hlutr _sm._ 2, share; portion, part, piece; thing [hljta]. hlut-skipti _sn._ booty. hnakki _wm._ back of head. hf _see_ *hfja*. hollr _adj._ gracious, faithful. hlmr _sm._ small island. hon _see_ *hann*. honum _see_ *hann*. horn _sn._ horn. hgri _adj. compar._ right (hand). hla _wv._ 1, _w. dat._ praise, boast of. hfðingi _wm._ chief [hfuð]. hfða-fjl _sf._ head-board (especially of a bedstead). hfðu _see_ *hafa*. hfn _sf._ harbour. hfuð _sn._ head. hgg _sn._ stroke. hgg-ormr _sm._ viper. hgg-orrosta _wf._ 'cutting-fight,' hand-to-hand fight. hggva _sv._ 1, hew, cut, strike. hll _sf._ hall. hnd _sf._ 3, hand; side—'hvrra-tvggju handar,' on both sides, for both parties. hræddr _adj._ frightened, afraid [_ptc._ of hræðask]. hræðask _wv._ 1, be frightened, fear. hræzla _wf._ fear [hræðask]. hrafn _sm._ raven. hratt _see_ *hrinda*. hrauð _see_ *hrjða*. hraut _see_ *hrjta*. hreyfa _wv._ 1, move. hrð _sf._ period of time. hrm-þurs _sm._ frost giant. hrinda _sv._ 3, push, launch (ship). hrista _wv._ 1, shake. hrjða _sv._ 7, strip, clear, disable. hrjta _sv._ 7, start, burst out. hrkk _see_ *hrökkva*. hrökkva _sv._ 3, start back. hryði _see_ *hrjta*. hrynja _wv._ 1b. fall down. hrtr _see_ *hrjta*. hugða _see_ *hyggja*. hugi _wm._ thought. hugr _sm._ mind, heart; courage, spirit. hugsa _wv._ 3, consider, think. hundrað _sn._ hundred. hurð _sf._ 2, door. hs _sn._ room; house. hvar _adv._ where; that. hvrr _prn._ which of two; each of the two, both. hvrr-tvggja _prn._ each of the two, both. hvrt _adv._ whether, _both in direct and indirect questions_. hvrt-tvggja _adv._ 'hv...ok,' both...and. hvass _adj._ sharp. hvat _prn. neut._ what. hvart _adj._ brisk, bold. hv _adv._ how. hverfa _sv._ 3, turn, go. hvr-gi _adv._ nowhere—'hv. jarðar,' nowhere on earth; in no respect, by no means. hvrnig _adv._ how [= hvrn veg.]. hvrr _prn._ who. hvrsu _adv._ how. hv _adv._ why. hvirfill _sm._ crown of head. hvtna _wv._ 2, whiten. hvtr _adj._ white. hyggja _wv._ 1b. think, mean, determine [hugr]. hylli _wf._ favour [hollr].

I

prp. in. -huga wv. 3, try to remember, consider [hugr]. illa adv. ill, badly. illr adj. ill, bad. inn art. the. inn adv. in compar. *innar*, further in. inna wv. 1, accomplish. innan adv. within, inside. *fyrir innan* prp. w. gen. within, in. inni adv. in. it see *þ*. it see *inn*. -þrtt sf. feat.

J

jafn-breiðr adj. equally broad. jafn-hfugr adj. equally heavy [hfja]. jafn-mikill adj. equally great. jafn-skjtt adv. equally quick. jafna wv. 3, smooth; compare w. dat. of thing compared. jafnan adv. always. jarl sm. earl. jrn sn. iron. jrn-glfi sm. iron gauntlet. jrn-spng sf. iron plate. jta wv. 1, w. dat. agree to. jk see *auka*. jrð sf. earth. jtun-heimar smpl. home, world of the giants. jtunn sm. giant.

K

kær-leikr sm. love, affection [kærr, 'dear']. kaf sn. diving; deep water, water under the surface. kafa wv. 3, dive. kalla wv. 3, cry out, call; assert, maintain; name, call. kann see *kunna*. kapp sn. competition. karl sm. man; old man. kasta wv. 3, cast, throw. kaupa wv. 2, buy. kngr sm. bend. knna wv. 1, know; perceive. krling sf. old woman [karl]. krra wf. chariot. ktill sm. kettle. keypta see *kaupa*. keyra wv. 1, drive. kirkja wf. church. kirkju-skot sn. wing of a church. kjsa sv. 7, choose. klakk-laust adv. uninjured. klæða wv. 1, clothe. klæða-bnaðr sm. apparel. klæði snpl. clothes. kn sn. knee. knfr sm. knife. knrr sm. merchant-ship. knði see *knja*. kni wm. knuckle. kntr sm. knot. knja wv. 1b, press with knuckles or knees; exert oneself [kni]. klf-skot sn. (distance of a) bolt-shot. kollttr adj. bald. koma sv. 4. come; happen, turn out; w. dat. bring into a certain condition. *k. fyrir*, be paid in atonement. *komask*, make one's way (by dint of exertion). kona wf. woman; wife. konr sm. kind—'alls konar,' all kinds; 'nakkvars konar,' of some kind. konunga-stfna wf. congress of kings. konungr sm. king. konungs-dttir sf. king's daughter. konungs-skip sn. king's ship. kosinn see *kjsa*. kost-gripr sm. precious thing, treasure. kostr sm. 2, choice—'at ðru kosti,' otherwise; power [kjsa]. kgur-sveinn sm. little boy, urchin. kpp see *kapp*. kpur-yrði sn. boasting [orð]. kttr sm. 3, cat. köm see *koma*. krappa-rm sn. back cabin. krappr adj. narrow. kraptr sm. strength. krs sf. 2, delicacy. krfja wv. 1b, w. acc. of pers. and gen. of thing, demand. kunna swv. know; feel; venture; like to. kunnandi wf. knowledge, accomplishments. kunnusta wf. knowledge, power. kunnr adj. known. kurr sm. murmur, rumour. kvæði sn. poem. kvæma see *koma*. kvn sf. wife. kveða sv. 5, say. *kv. * settle, agree on. kvðja wf. salutation [kveða]. kvðja wv. 1b, greet. kveld sn. evening—' kv.,' this evening. kveld-sngr sm. vespers. kvenn-vðir sfpl. woman's clothes. kviðr sm. 3, stomach, belly. kvisa wv. 3, whisper. kvistr sm. 3, branch, twig. kvddu see *kvðja*. kykr (-vir) adj. living. kykvendi sn. living creature, animal. kll sm. bag. kyn sn. race, lineage. kr sf. 3, cow. kyssa wv. 1, kiss.

L

l see *liggja*. lægri see *lgr*. lær-lggr sm. thigh-bone. læt see *lta*. lagða see *lggja*. lgr adj. low; short of stature [liggja]. lags-maðr sm. companion. lagu see *liggja*. lamða, lamit see *lmja*. land sn. land, country. land-skjlfti wm. earthquake. langr adj. long, far. lt snpl. noise. lta sv. 1, let go; leave; lose; allow; cause, let; behave, act; say. lauf sn. foliage. laufs-blað sn. (blade of foliage), leaf. laug sf. bath. laun snpl. reward. launa wv. 3, reward, requite w. dat. of the thing given and of the pers., and acc. of the thing requited. lauss adj. loose; shaky, unsteady; free from obligation. laust see *ljsta*. laut see *lta*. lax sm. salmon. leðr-hosa wf. leather bag. lggja wv. 1b, lay, put; 'l. eitt fyrir einn,' give, settle on; 'l. sik fram,' exert oneself; intr. w. skip understood sail, row—*l. at*, land; attack; *l. fr*, retreat, draw off; pierce, make a thrust. *lggjask*, set out, proceed; swim [liggja]. leið sf. way—'koma einu til leiðar,' carry out [lða]. leið see *lða*. leiða wv. 1, lead, conduct [lða]. leiðangr (-rs) sm. levy [leið]. leiga wv. 1, borrow. leikr sm. game; athletic sports, contest. leita wv. 3, w. gen. and dat. seek; take to, have recourse to. *leitask*, feel one's way [lta]. lmja wv. 1b, break. lngð sf. length [langr]. lngi adv. long (of time) [langr]. lngstr see *langr*. lt see *lta*. ltja wv. 1b, w. acc. of pers. and gen. of thing, hinder, dissuade. ltta wv. 1, w. dat. lift. leyniliga adv. secretly. leysa wv. 1, loosen, untie, open [lauss]. lið sn. troop. lða sv. 6, go; pass (of time); impers. *lðr*, w. dat. fare, get on. impers. 'lðr (nttina),' (the night) is drawing to a close. lf sn. life—' lfi,' alive. lifa wv. 2, live. liggja sv. 5, lie. *l. til*, be fitting. lk sn. body; corpse. lka wv. 3, w. dat. please. lki sn. form [lk]. lking sf. likeness, similarity [lkr]. lknsamr adj. gracious. lkr adj. like. ln sn. linen; linen headdress. list sf. art. lta sv. 6, look at; regard, consider—'l. til eins.' turn to, acknowledge greeting. *ltask* impers. w. dat. seem. litask wv. 3, look round one [lta]. ltill adj. little, small—'ltit veðr,' not very windy weather. *ltlu* adv. by a little, a little. ltil-ræði sm. degradation r. litr sm. 3, colour, complexion; appearance [lta]. lzk see *lta*. lj wv. 1, w. gen. and dat. lend. ljsta sv. 7, strike, w. dat. of instr. and acc. of the thing struck—'l. rum sæ,' dip the oars into the sea, begin to row. lofa wv. 3, praise. lga wv. 3, w. dat. part with. logi wm. flame. lokinn see *lka*. lopt sn. air—' l.,' up. lka sv. 7, lock, close; impers. 'lkr einu,' it is finished, exhausted. 'l. upp,' unlock, open. lukla see *lykill*. lustu see *ljsta*. lta sv. 7, bend, bow. lygi wf. lie, falsehood. lykð sf. ending—'at lykðum,' finally. lykill sm. key [lka]. lypta wv. 1, w. dat. lift [lopt]. lypting sf. raised place (castle) on the poop of a warship [lypta]. lsa wv. 1, shine. lsi-gull sn. bright gold. lst see *ljsta*. lysta wv. 1, impers. w. acc. desire.

M

m see *mega*. maðr sm. 4, man. mæla (mælta) wv. 1, speak—'m. við einu,' refuse; suggest. mær sf. virgin, maid. mætta see *mega*. magr (-ran) adj. thin. mgr sm. kinsman, relation, connection. makligr adj. fitting. ml sn. narrative; in plur. poem; proper time, time. mlmr sm. metal. mann see *maðr*. mann-flk sn. troops, crew. mann-hringr sm. ring of men. mannliga adv. manlily. margr adj. many, much. mark sn. mark; importance. marka wv. 3, infer. marr sm. horse. mart see *margr*. matask wv. 3, eat a meal. matr sm. 2, food. mtta see *mega*. mttr sm. 2, might, strength. með prp. w. acc. and dat. with. meðal s. middle— m. w. gen. between. meðan adv. whilst. mega swv. can, may. megin —'ðrum m.,' on the other side; 'llum m.,' on all sides [corruption of vegum]. mgin-gjarðar sfpl. girdle of strength [mega]. meiðmar sfpl. treasures. meiri see *mikill*. mn sn. necklace, piece of jewelry. mnn see *maðr*. mr see *ek*. mrgr sm. 2, marrow. mrki sn. mark; banner [mark]. mest see *mikill*. meta sv. 5, measure; estimate. mey see *mær*. mið-garðr sm. (middle enclosure), world. miðgarðs-ormr sm. world-serpent. miðr adj. middle. mik see *ek*. mikill adj. big, tall, great. *mikit* adv. much, very. miklu adv. (instr.) much. milli, milli prp. between, among. minjar sfpl. remembrance, memorial. minn see *ek*. minni see *ltill*. minnr adv. less. mis-lka wv. 3, w. dat. displease, not please. missa wf. loss, want. missa wv. 1, w. gen. lose; do without. mistil-teinn sm. mistletoe [teinn, 'twig']. mitt see *ek*. mjðr sm. 3, mead. mjk adv. very. mðir sf. 3, mother. mðr sm. anger. mtask wv. 1, meet intr. [mt]. mn sf. mane. morginn sm. morning. mrk sf. 3, forest. mrum see *marr*. mt sn. meeting. * mti* prp. w. dat. against. mtu-neyti sn. community of food—'lggja m. sitt,' make their provision into a common store [matr; njta]. mundu see *munu*. munnr sm. mouth. munr sm. difference—'þeim mun,' to that extent. munu swv. will, may (of futurity and probability). myndi see *munu*. myrkr sn. darkness. myrkr adj. dark.

N

n wv. 1, reach, obtain; succeed in. nr adv. w. dat. near; nearly. superl. *næst*—'þv n.,' thereupon. ntr see *ntt*. nafn sn. name. nakkvarr prn. some, a certain. *nakkvat* adv. somewhat; perhaps. ntt sf. 3, night. ntt-bl sn. night-quarters. ntt-langt adv. the whole night long. ntt-staðr sm. night-quarters. nttra wf. nature, peculiarity. ntt-verðr sm. 2, supper. nauð-syn sf. necessity. naut see *njta*. neðan adv. below. *fyrir n.* prp. w. dat. below. nfja adj. long-nosed (?). nfna wv. 1, name, call. *nfnask*, name oneself, give one's name as [nafn]. nema sv. 4, take; begin. nema adv. except, unless. nest sn. provisions. nest-baggi sm. provision-bag. niðr adv. down, downwards. nundi adj. ninth. njsn sf. spying; news. njsna wv. 3, spy; get intelligence. njta sv. 7, enjoy, profit. norðr adv. northwards. nkkvi wm. vessel, small ship. n adv. now; therefore, so. n-vaknaðr adj. (ptc.) newly awoke. nr adj. new. nta wv. 1, profit [njta].

O

oddr sm. point. ð-fss adj. madly eager. ðr adj. mad, furious. pa wv. 1, shout [p, 'shout']. rit adv. enough; very. of prp. w. dat. over; during; with respect to, about. adv. too (of excess). of adv., often used in poetry as a mere expletive. of-veikr adj. too weak. ofan adv. above; down. ofan-verðr adj. upper, on the top. k see *aka*. ok conj. and; also—'ok...ok,' both...and; but. okkr see *þ*. opt adv. often. compar. *optar*, oftener, again. r prp. w. dat. out of. orð sn. word—' ðru orði,' otherwise. orðinn see *verða*. orð-snding sf. verbal message. orð-tak sn. expression, word. ormr sm. serpent, dragon; ship with a dragon's head. orrosta wf. battle. oss see *ek*. tta wf. the end of night, just before dawn. ttalaust adj. without fear. x see *vaxa*. oxi wm. ox. ðlask wv. 3, obtain. ðru see *annarr*. l sn. ale. ldnu see *aldinn*. ndttr adj. fierce. nd-vegi sn. high seat, dais. nnur see *annar*. r sf. arrow. ör-æfi sn. harbourless coast. örendi sn. errand. örendi sn. holding the breath, breath. örind-reki sm. messenger [reka]. öxn see *oxi*.

P

pati sm. rumour. pnningr sm. penny.

R

rð sn. advice; what is advisable—'sj eitt at rði,' consider advisable; plan, policy, resolution. rða sv. 1, advise, w. acc. of thing and dat. of pers.; consider, deliberate; undertake, begin w. prp. til or infin.; dispose of, have control over w. prp. fyrir. rða-grð sf. deliberation, decision. rðugr adj. sagacious. ragna-rökr sn. twilight of the gods, end of the world. [ragna gen. of rgin neut. plur. 'gods.'] ragr adj. cowardly. rku see *reka*. rann see *rnna*. rs sf. race. rauðr adj. red. rausn sf. magnificence, anything magnificent. rð see *rða*. reið sf. chariot. reið see *rða*. reiða wv. 1, swing, wield, brandish. reið-fara adj.—'vera vel r.,' have a good passage. reiði sn. trappings, harness. reiðr adj. angry. reka sv. 7, drive; carry out; perform. 'r. af tjld,' take down awning. rkkja wf. bed. rnna sv. 3, run. rtta wv. 1, direct; reach, stretch. *r. upp*, pull up. rttr adj. right, correct; equitable, fair. reyna wv. 1, try, test. reyr-bnd supl. the wire with which the arrow-head was bound to the shaft. rða sv. 6, w. dat. ride. riðu see *rða*. riðlask wv. 3, set oneself in motion. rki sn. power; sovereignty, reign. rkr adj. powerful, distinguished. ripti sn. linen cloth. rita wv. 3, write. ra sv. 1, row. rða wv. 1, talk about, discuss. röra see *ra*. rst sf. league.

S

s prn. that; he; such, such a one. s see *sj*. sær sm. sea. særa wv. 1, wound [sr]. sæti sn. seat [sitja]. sætt sf. 2, reconciliation, peace. sættask wv. 1, be reconciled, agree. saga wf. narrative, history, story. sagða see *sgja*. saka wv. impers. w. acc.—'hann (acc.) sakaði ekki,' he was not injured. sakna wv. 3, w. gen. miss. sl sf. 2, soul. sld sn. gallon. salr sm. 2, hall. saman adv. together. sami weak adj. same. sam-laga wf. laying ships together for battle. samt adv. together. sannligr adj. probable; suitable, right. sannr adj. true. sr sn. wound. srr adj. wounded. sat see *sitja*. satt see *sannr*. s see *vera*. s see *sj*. sefask wv. 3, be pacified. sgja wv. 1b, say, relate [saga]. segl sn. sail. seilask wv. 1, stretch intr. seinn adj. late, slow, tedious. *seint* adv. slowly. slja wv. 1, give; sell. sem adv. as; w. subj. as if; to strengthen the superl.—'sem mest,' the most possible, as much as possible. snda wv. 1, send. sndi-maðr sm. messenger. snn adv. at the same time, at once; immediately, forthwith. snn see *sj*. sr see *sik*. sr see *sj*. st see *sj*. set-berg sn. seat-shaped rock, crag [sitja]. stja wv. 1, set, place. *s. fram*, launch (a ship). *stjask*, sit down. *stjask upp*, sit up [sitja]. s-byrða wv. 1, w. dat. lay a ship alongside another. neut. ptc. *sbyrt*, close up to [borð]. sð adv. late. comp. sðar, later, afterwards. superl. *sðast*, latest, last. sða wf. side. sðan adv. afterwards, then; since. sðari adj. comp. later, second (in order). siðr sm. 3, custom. sga sv. 6, sink. sigla wf. mast [segl]. sigla wv. 1, sail. siglu-skeið sn. middle of a ship. sigr (-rs) sm. victory. sigr-p shout of victory. sik prn. oneself. silfr sn. silver. sn see *sik*. sinn sn. time (of repetition)—'einu sinni,' once, for once. 'eigi optar at sinni,' not oftener than that time, i.e. only once. sinn see *sik*. sitja sv. 5, sit. *s. fyrir*, sit in readiness. sj = þessi. sj sv. 5, see; 's. fyrir einu,' look after, take care of. impers. 'ltt sr þat , at'...it will hardly be seen that... *sjsk*, see one another, meet. sjlfr prn. self. sjða sv. 7, boil; cook. sjn sf. sight. sjn-hvrfing sf. ocular delusion. skal see *skulu*. skalf see *skjlfa*. skli wm. hall. skammr adj. short. skap sn. state, condition; state of mind, mood, humour. skapligr adj. suitable, fit. skapt sn. shaft, handle. skar see *skera*. skarð sn. notch, gap; defect. skaut see *skjta*. skgg sn. beard; beak (of a ship). skeið sn. race-course, running-ground; race—'taka sk.,' start in a race. skeina wv. 1, graze. skellr sm. knock. skmtun sf. amusement, entertainment [skammr, literally 'shortening (of time)']. skera sv. 4, cut, cut up; kill (animal). skiljask wv. 1, separate, part intr. skillingr sm. shilling, coin. skilnaðr sm. separation, parting. skip sn. ship. skipa wv. 3, order, arrange, prepare, fit out. 'sk. til um eitt,' make arrangements for. *skipask*, take one's place; change, alter intr. skipa-hrr sm. fleet. skipan sf. arranging; ship's crew. skips-brot sn. shipwreck. skip-stjrnar-maðr sm. (steerer), commander of a ship, captain. skjald-borg sf. wall of shields, testudo. skjlfa sv. 3, shake intr. skjta sv. 7, w. dat. shoot, throw, push. skjt-fri sn. swiftness. skjt-leikr sm. swiftness. skjt-liga adv. swiftly, quick. skjtr adj. swift, quick. *skjtt* adv. quickly. skjldr sm. 3, shield. skgr sm. forest, wood. skorta wv. 1, impers. w. acc. of pers. and of thing, want, fail. skot sn. shot; missile [skjta]. skot-ml sn. shot-measure, range. skotta wv. 3, dangle—sk. við drift (of ships). skkull sm. shaft (of a cart). skmm sf. disgrace, shame. skr sf. hair of the head. skreppa wf. bag, wallet. skulfu see *skjlfa*. skulu swv. shall. skuta wf. small ship, cutter. skutill sm. trencher, small table. skutil-sveinn sm. page, chamberlain. skutu see *skjta*. skykkr sm. shake—'ganga skykkjum,' shake. skylda see *skulu*. skyldr adj. obliged, obligatory, bound [skulu]. skyn sn. understanding, insight—'kunna, sk.' understand. skynda wv. 1, hasten, bring in haste. skyndiliga adv. hastily, quickly. skynsamliga adv. intelligently, carefully. skt see *skjta*. sl sv. 2, strike. 'sl eldi ,' light a fire. slæliga adv. sluggishly, weakly. slær adj. blunt. slær see *sl*. sltr sn. meat. sleikja wv. lick. sleit see *slta*. slttr adj. level, smooth; comfortable, easy. slkr adj. such. slta sv. 6, tear—*sl. upp*, pull up; w. dat. break (agreement). smæri see *smr*. smr adj. small, insignificant. sm-skip snpl. small ships. sm-skta wf. small cutter. smjga sv. 7, squeeze through, slip. smugu see *smjga*. snarpligr adj. vigorous. snarpr adj. sharp; vigorous. snimma adv. early. snöra see *sna*. sna sv. 1, w. dat. turn or (trans.) direct; twist, plait. *snask*, turn (intr.). soðinn see *sjða*. skja wv. 1c, seek; go—'s. aptr,' retreat. smð sf. honour [sma]. stti see *skja*. sofa sv. 4, sleep. sofna wv. 3, go to sleep. sgur see *saga*. sk sf. cause—'fyrir þ s. at'..., because. sökkva sv. 3, sink. sl sf. sun. sl-skin sn. sunshine. soltinn adj. hungry [ptc. of 'svelta,' starve]. sma wv. 2, w. dat., be suitable, befitting. smi wm. honour. sonr sm. son. stt sf. illness. stta see *skja*. sx snpl. raised prow of a war-ship. spala see *splr*. sparask wv. 2, spare oneself, reserve one's energy. spnna (spnta) wv. 1, w. dat. of thing, gird, buckle on. spjt sn. spear. sporðr sm. tail. spori sm. spur. splr sm. rail. sprakk see *springa*. sprtta wv. 1, split. springa sv. 3, burst. spurða see *spyrja*. spyrja wv. 1b, ask; hear of, learn—'sp. til eins,' have news of, hear of his arrival. *spyrjask*, be known. spyrna wv. 1, kick. staddr adj. placed, staying [ptc. of 'stðja,' place]. staðr sm. place—' staðinn,' instead. stafaðr adj. (ptc.) striped. staf-karl sm. (staff-man), beggar. stafn sm. prow. stafn-bi wm. prow-man. stafn-l wm. grappling-hook. stafr sm. 2 (gen. sg. stafs), staff, stick. stakk see *stinga*. stallari sm. marshall. standa sv. 2, stand. *st. upp*, stand up, rise. starfa wv. 3, work. stfna wv. 1, steer; take a course, go. steig see *stga*. steinn sm. stone; jewel. stela sv. 4, w. dat. of thing and acc. of pers. steal, rob. stndr see *standa*. strkliga adv. vigorously. strkr adj. strong. steypa wv. 1, w. dat. of thing, throw; pull off. *steypask*, throw oneself. stga sv. 6, advance, walk, go. *st. upp*, mount (horse). stgr sm. path, way. stikill sm. point. stilla (stilta) wv. 1, arrange. *st. til*, arrange, dispose. stinga sv. 3, pierce; 'st. stfnum at skipi,' run the prow against a ship's side. stirt adv. harshly [neut. of 'stirðr,' stiff]. stð see *standa*. strri see *str*. stkkva sv. 3, spring, rebound, start back. stolinn see *stela*. strliga adv. bigly, arrogantly. str-mannligr adj. magnificent, aristocratic. str-mnni sn. great men (collective), aristocracy. strr adj. big, great. *strum* adv. greatly. str-rðr adj. (great of plans), ambitious. str-skip sn. big ship, str-virki sn. great deed. str wv. 1, strew, cover with straw. strauk see *strjka*. strngr sm. 2, string. strjka sv. 7, stroke. stund sf. period of time, time. stutt adv. shortly, abruptly [neut. of 'stuttr' short]. stra wv. 1, w. dat. steer. stri sn. rudder. stris-hnakki wm. top piece of rudder. styrkr sm. strength; help. s see *s*. suðr adv. southward. suðr-ganga wf. journey south (to Rome). sukku see *sökkva*. sumar sn. summer. sumr prn. some. sund sn. sound, channel. sv adv. so, as; as soon as. 'ok sv,' also. svaf see *sofa*. svara wv. 3, w. dat. of thing, answer. svardagi sm. oath. sveinn sm. boy. sveinn-stauli wm. small boy. sveit sf. troop. svelga sv. 3, swallow, gulp. sverð sn. sword. sverðs-hgg sn. swordstroke. svipan sf. jerk; moment. svipting sf. pull, struggle. snask wv. 1, seem [sjn]. syni see *sonr*. systir sf. 3, sister.

T

taka wv. 2, w. acc. take, seize, take possession of; w. inf. begin; w. dat. receive (well, ill, etc.). *takask*, take place, begin. *t. at*, choose. *t. til*, engage in, try. *t. upp*, take to, choose. tala wf. talk, speech. tala wv. 3, speak, talk about, discuss. taliðr see *tlja*. tlma wv. 3, hinder. tr sn. tear. taumar smpl. reins. tkinn see *taka*. tlja wv. 1b, count, recount; account, consider; relate, say [tala]. tngðir sfpl. relationship, connection by marriage. tngja wv. 1, bind, fasten together. tngsl snpl. cable. tða wv. 1, impers. w. acc. desire. tðindi snpl. tidings, news. tðr adj. usual, happening—'hvat er ttt um þik?' what is the matter with you? *ttt* adv. often, quickly—'sem tðast,' as quickly as possible. tiginn adj. of high rank. tigr sm.—'fjrir tigir,' forty. til prp. w. gen. to; till; for (of use)—'alt er t. vpna var,' everything that could be used as a missile; for (of object, intention)—'brjta lgg til mrgjar,' break a leg to get at the marrow; with respect to—'til vista var eigi gott,' they were not well off for provisions. til adv. too (of excess). til-vsan sf. direction, guidance. ttt see *tðr*. tvi wm. god. tjald sn. tent. tjgu-skgg sn. forked beard. tka see *taka*. tk see *taka*. tnn sf. 3, tooth. trani wm. crane. tr sn. tree. troða sv. tread. trog sn. trough. tros sn. droppings, rubbish. tra wf. faith—'þat veit tr. mn at...,' by my faith. tra wv. 2, w. dat. of pers. believe, trust, rely on. tn sn. enclosure, dwelling. tveir num. two. tna wv. 1, w. dat. lose. typpa wv. tie in a top-knot.

Þ

þ see *s*. þ see *þiggja*. þ adv. then. þær see *s*. þakðr see *þkja*. þakka wv. 3, w. acc. of thing and dat. of pers. thank; requite, reward. þambar-sklfir sm. bowstring-shaker (?). þann see *s*. þannig adv. thither; so [= þann veg]. þar adv. there; then; 'þ. af,' etc., thereof. 'þar sem,' since, because. 'þar til,' until. þarf see *þurfa*. þat see *s*. þau see *s*. þegar adv. at once. 'þ. er,' as soon as. þginn see *þiggja*. þgja wv. 1b, be silent. þeim see *s*. þeir, þeirra see *s*. þkja wv. 1b, roof. þkkja wv. 1, notice. *þkkjask*, take pleasure in; accept. þr see *þ*. þess see *s*. þess adv. w. comp. the, so much the. þessi prn. this. þiggja sv. 5, receive. þik see *þ*. þing sn. meeting, parliament. þinn see *þ*. þit see *þ*. þjð sf. nation, race. þ adv. though, yet. þkð see *þkja*. þkk sf. thanks, gratitude [þakka]. þola wv. 2, endure, put up with. þora wv. 2, dare. þrf sf. need. þorrinn see *þverra*. þtt adv. though [= þ at]. þtta see *þykkja*. þraut see *þrjta*. þreifask wv. 3, grope, feel. þreyta wv. 1, make exertions, try. þriði adj. third. þriðjungr sm. third. þrr num. three. þrjta sv. 7, impers. w. acc. of pers. come to an end, fail. þrðugr adj. mighty. þ prn. thou. þumlungr sm. thumb of glove. þunn-vangi wm. temple (of head). þurðr sm. diminution. þurfa swv. often impers. require, need. þurr adj. dry. þurs sm. giant. þverra sv. 3, diminish. þvers adv. across. þv see *s*. þv adv. therefore; w. compar. the, so much the more. þvlikr adj. such. þykkja wv. 1c, seen, be considered. 'þykkir einum fyrir,' there seems to be something in the way, one hesitates. 'myndi mr fyrir þ. ,' I should be displeased. *þykkjask*, think. þykkr adj. thick, close. þynna wv. 1, make thin. *þynnask* get thin. þyrstr adj. (ptc.) thirsty.

U

-fra wf. impassable place; fix, difficulty. -friðr sm. hostility, war. -grynni sn. countless number [grunnr, 'bottom']. -happ sn. misfortune. -hreinn adj. impure. um prp. w. acc. around, about, over; of time in, at; of superiority beyond; concerning, about. um-rð sn. advice, help. um-sj sf. care. una wv. 1, w. dat. be contented—'u. illa,' be discontented. undan prp. w. dat., adv. away (from). undarliga adv. strangely. undarligr adj. strange. undir prp. w. acc. and dat. under. undr sn. wonder. ungr adj. young. unninn see *vinna*. unz adv. until. upp adv. up. upp-ganga wf. boarding (ship). upp-haf sn. beginning [hfja]. upp-himinn sm. high heaven. uppi adv. up; at an end. urðu see *verða*. t adv. out. comp. *utar*, outer, outwards, farther away. utan adv. outside; outwards. utan-frð sf. journey abroad. utar see *t*. ti adv. outside, out on the sea. t-lausn sf. ransom. -vinr sm. enemy.

V

vægð sf. forbearance. vænn adj. likely, to be expected. væri see *vera*. vætr neut. nothing. vaka wv. 3, be awake, wake up. vakna wv. 3, awake. vald sn. power, control. val-kyrja sf. chooser of the slain, war-goddess [kjsa]. valr sm. corpses on the battle-field. vn, sf. hope, expectation, probability. vandræða-skld sn. the 'awkward' poet, the poet who is difficult to deal with. vandræði snpl. difficulty. vangi wm. cheek. vanr adj. accustomed. vpn sn. weapon. vpna-burð sm. bearing weapons, shower of missiles. vpn-lauss adj. without weapons. var see *vera*. vr sn. spring. vr see *ek*. vara wv. 2, impers. w. acc. of pers.—'mik varði,' I expected. varð see *verða*. varði see *vrja*. vargr sm. wolf. variðr see *vrja*. varla adv. scarcely. varnaðr sm. goods, merchandise. vru see *vera*. vatn sn. water. vaxa sv. 2, grow; increase. veðr sn. weather. vegr sm. road; way, manner; direction, side; in composition, region, tract, land. veik see *vikja*. veit see *vita*. veita wv. 1, give, grant; make (resistance, etc.). vkja wv. 1b, wake [vaka]. vl sf. artifice, cunning. vlja wv. 1b, choose. vndi see *vndr*. vr see *ek*. vera sv. exist; remain, stay, happen; be. 'hvat ltum hafði verit,' what had caused the noise. *v. at*, be occupied with. verð sn. worth, value; price. verða sv. 3, happen; happen to come. 'v. fyrir einum,' come in one's way, appear before one; become; come into being, be; 'v. til eins,' be ready for, undertake; w. infin. be obliged, must. 'n er orðit mikit fyrir mr,' now I have come into a great perplexity, difficulty. *v. at*, happen. verðr adj. worth; important. ver-gjarn adj. desirous of a husband, loose. verit see *vera*. vert see *verðr*. vrja wv. 1b, defend—'v. baki,' defend with the back, turn one's back on. vrja wv. 1b, dress; lay out money, invest. verk sn. work, job. verr sm. man; husband. vrr adv. comp. worse. superl. *vrst*, worst. verld sf. world. vestan adv. from the west. 'v. fyrir' w. gen. or acc., west of. vestr adv. westwards. vetr sm. winter; year. vx see *vaxa*. vxti see *vxtr*. við prp. w. acc. by, near; towards (of place and time); with (of various relations). w. dat. towards, at (laugh at, etc.); in exchange for, for. vða adv. widely, far and wide, on many sides. viðar-teinungr sm. tree-shoot, plant. við-bragð sn. push. viðr sm. 3, tree. vðr adj. wide, broad. við-skipti snpl. dealings. við-taka wf. reception; resistance. vgja wv. 1, consecrate, hallow. vgr adj. warlike, able-bodied. vking sf. piracy, piratical expedition. vkingr sm. pirate. vkja sv. 6, turn, move, go. vilja swv. will. villi-eldr sm. wildfire, conflagration. vintta wf. friendship. vinttu-ml snpl. assurances of friendship. vinna sv. 3, do, perform; win, conquer. *vinnask til*, suffice. vinr sm. 2, friend. virðing sf. honour [verðr]. vsa wv. 2, w. dat. show, guide. vss adj. wise; certain. vissa see *vita*. vist sf. 2, board and lodging; provisions. vit see *ek*. vita swv. know; be turned in a certain direction. *v. fram*, see into futurity. vti sn. punishment, penalty. vtis-horn sn. penalty-horn (whose contents were drunk as a punishment). vitkask wv. 3, come to one's senses. vitr (-ran) adj. wise. vllr sm. 3, plain, field. vndr sm. 3, twig, rod. vrn sf. defence, resistance. vxtr sm. 3, growth, stature. vreiðr = reiðr.

Y

yðr see *þ*. yfir prp. w. acc. and dat. over [ofan]. miss adj. various, different. ymr sm. rumbling noise. ytri adj. comp. outer. superl. *yztr*, outside(st) [t].



PROPER NAMES

ki sm. sa-þrr sm. (divine) Thor. strðr sf. Auðun sm.

Baldr (-rs) sm. Barði wm. 'the Ram' (name of a ship). Bil-skrnir sm. Brsinga-mn sn. Freyja's necklace. Burizleifr sm.

Dins-leif sf. relic of Dinn ['leif,' leaving, heritage]. Dana-konungr sm. king of the Danes. Danir smpl. the Danes. Dan-mrk sf. 3, Denmark. Draupnir sm.

Einarr sm. Eindriði wm. Eirkr sm. Erlingr sm.

Fn-salr sm. 2. Finnr sm. Finskr adj. Finnish. Freyja wf. Freyr sm. Frigg sf. wife of Odin. Fulla wf. Frigg's handmaid.

Geira wf. Gimsar fpl. Gjallar-br sf. the bridge over the river Gjll. Gjll sf. 'the Resounder,' the river of Hell. Grn-land sn. Greenland. Gullin-bursti wm. 'Golden-bristle.' Gull-toppr sm. 'Gold-top.'

H-ey sf. 'High-island.' Hkon sm. Hall-freðr sm. Haraldr sm. Hðinn sm. Heim-dallr sm. Hl sf. the goddess of the infernal regions. Hr-mðr sm. Hildr sf. ['hildr,' war]. Hjaðninga-vg sn. battle of the Hjaðnings. Hjarrandi wm. Hlriði wm. the Thunderer, Thor. Hgni wm. Hring-horni wm. 'Ring-prowed.' Hyrningr sm. Hyrrokin sf. Hðr sm.

s-land sn. Iceland. sland-frð sf. journey to Iceland. slnzkr adj. Icelandic.

Jms-borg sf. Jms-vkingar smpl. the pirates of Jmsborg.

Kol-bjrn sm.

Laufey sf. Litr sm. Loki wm.

Mð-guðr sf. Mri wf.

Nanna wf. Nepr sm. Njarðar see *Njrðr*. Njrðr sm. Na-tn snpl. Noregr sm. Norway [= norð-vegr].

ku-þrr sm. Thor (the driver) [aka]. lfr sm. ðinn sm. Odin. Orkn-eyjar sfpl. Orkneys.

Rma-borg sf. Rome. Rm-frli wm. pilgrim to Rome [fara]. Rskva wf.

Sax-land sn. Saxony, Germany. Sif sf. Sigrðr sf. Sig-valdi wm. Skjlgr sm. Skrmir sm. Sleipnir sm. Slðrug-tanni wm. [tnn]. Snskr adj. Swedish. Sveinn sm. Sva-konungr sm. king of Sweden. Svar smpl. Swedes. Sva-vldi sn. Sweden [vald]. Sv-þjð sf. Sweden. Svlðr (-rar) sf. island of Svolder, near Rügen.

Tann-gnjstr sm. [tnn]. Tann-grisnir sm. [tnn]. Tryggvi wm. 'Trusty.'

Þjlfi wm. Þrir sm. Þor-kll sm. Þrr sm. Thor. Þor-steinn sm. Þrð-vangar smpl. 'plains of strength.' Þrymyr sm. Þkk sf.

lfr sm. tgarða-loki wm. t-garðr sm. *t-garðar* pl. 'outer enclosure,' world of the giants.

Vanir smpl. race of Gods. Vr sf. goddess of betrothal and marriage. Vest-firzkr adj. of the west firths (in Iceland). Vk sf. 'the Bay,' the Skagerak and the Christiania fjord. Vinda-snkkja wf. Wendish ship. Vind-land sn. Wendland. Vindr smpl. the Wends. Ving-þrr sm. name of Thor.

THE END.