[481] Callimachus. H. in Delon. v. 292. [Greek: Euaion], Eva-On, Serpens Sol.

[482] Athenagoras. Legatio. p. 294. [Greek: Erakles Chronos.]

[483] Athenag. p. 295. [Greek: Herakles Theos—drakon heliktos.]

[484] It is said to have been named Rhodus from Rhod, a Syriac for a serpent. Bochart. G. S. p. 369.

[485] [Greek: Entautha muthuousi tous Ophiogeneis sungeneian tina echein pros tous opheis]. Strabo. l. 13. p. 850. Ophiogenae in Hellesponto circa Parium. Pliny. l. 7. p. 371.

[486] Pausan. l. 8. p. 614.

[487] Aristoph. Plutus. Schol. v. 718.

[488] L. 3. c. 96. Strabo. l. 10. p. 692.

[489] Steph. Byzant. [Greek: Patara.]

[490] [Greek: Be d' ep' eran Dias pheugon ophiodea Kupron.] Parthenius. See Vossius upon Pomp. Mela. l. 1. c. 6. p. 391.

Ovid Metamorph. l. 10. v. 229. Cypri arva Ophiusia.

[491] They were particularly to be found at Paphos. Apollon. Discolus. Mirabil. c. 39. [Greek: Ophis podas echon duo.]

[492] Herodotus. l. 7. c. 90. [Greek: Hoi de apo Aithiopies, hos autoi Kuprioi legousi.]

[493] [Greek: Ho gar Minos opheis, kai skorpious, kai skolopendras ouresken kl.] Antonin. Liberalis. c. 41. p. 202. See notes, p. 276.

[494] Tacitus. Annal. l. 4. c. 21.

[495] In Ceiri.

[496] Strabo. l. 10. p. 746.

[497] What the Greeks rendered [Greek: Seriphos] was properly Sar-Iph; and Sar-Iphis, the same as Ophis: which signified Petra Serpentis, sive Pythonis.

[498] Herodotus. l. 8. c. 41.

[499] Strabo. l. 9. p. 603.

[500] Lycophron Scholia. v. 496. [Greek: apo ton odonton tou drakontos.]

[501] Meursius de reg. Athen. l. 1. c. 6.

[502] Apollodorus. l. 3. p. 191.

[503] Diodorus. l. I. p. 25. Cecrops is not by name mentioned in this passage according to the present copies: yet what is said, certainly relates to him, as appears by the context, and it is so understood by the learned Marsham. See Chron. Canon. p. 108.

[504] Eustat. on Dionys. p. 56. Edit. Steph.

[505] [Greek: Ton barbaron Aiguptiasmon apheis. ktl.] ibid.

See also Tzetzes upon Lycophron. v. 111.

[506] Chron. Canon, p. 109.

[507] It may not perhaps be easy to decypher the name of Cecrops: but thus much is apparent, that it is compounded of Ops, and Opis, and related to his symbolical character.

[508] [Greek: Drakontas duo peri ton Erikthonion.] Antigonus Carystius. c. 12.

[509] Aristot. de Mirabilibus. vol. 2. p. 717.

[510] Pliny. l. 3. p. 153. l. 8. p. 455.

[511] AEschyli Supplices. p. 516.

[512] L. 3. p. 184.

[513] Apollonius Discolus. c. 12. and Aristot. de Mirabilibus, vol. 2. p. 737.

[514] Aves Diomedis—judicant inter suos et advenas, &c. Isidorus Orig. l. 12. c. 7. Pliny. l. 10. c. 44.

[515] Apollodorus. l. 1. p. 37.

[516] Stephanas Byzant. [Greek: Opikoi.]

[517] The same is said by Epiphanius. [Greek: Heuia ton ophin paides Hebraion onomazousi.] Epiphanius advers. Haeres. l. 3. tom. 2. p. 1092.

[518] Steph. Byzant.

[519] Ptolemy. p. 93. [Greek: Euia.]

[520] Pausanias. l. 4. p. 356.

[521] L. 2. p. 202.

[522] Pausan. l. 3. p. 249.

[523] There was a city of this name in Macedonia, and in Troas. Also a river.

[524] Ovid Metamorph. l. 7. v. 357.

[525] Strabo. l. 13. p. 913. It is compounded of Eva-Ain, the fountain, or river of Eva, the serpent.

[526] Strabo. l. 5. p. 383.

[527] [Greek: Menelaon, hos en Pitanates.] Hesych.

[Greek: Drakon epi tei aspidi (Menelaou) estin eirgasmenos.] Pausan. l. 10. p. 863.

[528] [Greek: Pitanates, lochos]. Hesych.

[529] It was the insigne of many countries. Textilis Anguis

Discurrit per utramque aciem. Sidon. Apollinaris. Carm. 5. v. 409.

[530]

Stent bellatrices Aquilae, saevique Dracones. Claudian de Nuptiis Honor. et Mariae. v. 193.

Ut primum vestras Aquilas Provincia vidit, Desiit hostiles confestim horrere Dracones. Sidon. Apollinaris. Carm. 2. v. 235.

[531] Epiphanius Haeres. 37. p. 267.

[532] Clemens. l. 7. p. 900.

[533] Tertullian de Praescript. Haeret. c. 47. p. 221.

[534] Vossius, Selden, and many learned men have touched upon this subject. There is a treatise of Philip Olearius de Ophiolatria. Also Dissertatio Theologico-Historico, &c. &c. de cultu serpentum. Auctore M. Johan. Christian. Kock. Lipsiae. 1717.

[535] Homer. Odyss. l. 10. v. 106.

[536] Haec a principio patria Cyclopum fuit. Justin. of the island Sicily. l. 4. c. 2.

[537]

[Greek: Os opsetai men tou monoglenou stegas] [Greek: Charonos.] Lycophron. v. 659.

Charon was not a person, but Char-On, the temple of the Sun.

[538] [Greek: Ton peri ten Aitnen kai Leontinen Kuklopas (dunasteusai)]. Strabo. l. 1. p. 38.

[539] The province of Leontina called Xuthia. Diodorus. l. 5. p. 291.

[540] Cyclops. v. 297.

[541] Lycophron. v. 659.

[542]

[Greek: Glukutata phasi ta krea tous xenous pherein.] [Greek: Oudeis molon deur', hostis ou katesphage.] Euripid. Cyclops. v. 126.

[543] The river Nilus was called Triton, and afterwards Nilus. [Greek: Metonomasthei de apo Neilou tou Kuklopos.] Scholia in Apollon. l. 4. v. 268.

Nilus Deorum maximus. Huetii Demons. Evang. Prop. 4. p. 111.

[544] [Greek: Aiguptie Zeu, Neile]. Athenaeus. l. 5. p. 203.

Vulcanus—Nilo natus, Opas, ut AEgyptii appellant. Cicero de Natura Deor. l. 3. c. 22. Hence [Greek: Neilos Kuklops] must have been the chief Deity; and the Cyclopians his votaries and priests.

[Greek: Neiloio temenos Kronida]. Pindar. Pyth. Ode 4. p. 239. He was no other than Ouranus, and Coelus.

[545] [Greek: Asterion, huios Anaktos], who was buried in the island Lade, near Miletus, is mentioned as a gigantic personage by Pausanias. l. 1. p. 87. Large bones have been found in Sicily; which were probably the bones of elephants, but have been esteemed the bones of the Cyclopians by Kircher and Fazellus. Fazellus. Dec. 1. l. 1. c. 6.

[546] Herodotus. l. 5. c. 61. He alludes to them under the name of Cadmians.

[547] Odyss. 10. v. 190.

[548] AEneid. l. 3. v. 619.

[549] Hymn in Dian. v. 51.

[Greek: Mounos d' ophthalmos messoi epekeito metopoi.] Hesiod. Theogon. v. 143.

Clemens Alexandrinus tells us, that Homer's account of Polyphemus is borrowed from the character of Saturnus in the Orphic poetry. Strom. l. 6. p. 751.

[550] Scholia in AEschyl. Prometh. p. 56.

[551] [Greek: Paides Ouranou, kai Ges.]

[552] [Greek: Ex hes autoi (Ouranoi) treis paidas ginoskousin hekatontacheiras, kai treis heterous apotiktousi Kuklopas.] Proclus in Photio. c. ccxxxix. p. 982.

Euripides makes them the sons of Oceanus.

[Greek: Hin' hoi monopes pontiou paides Theou] [Greek: Kuklopes oikous' antr' erem' androktonoi.] Cyclops. v. 21.

[553] [Greek: Kai de Hieron estin archaion, Kuklopon kaloumenos bomos, kai thuousin ep' autai Kuklopsi.] Pausanias. l. 2. p. 114.

[554] Odyss. [Zeta]. v. 5. [Greek: Hupereian, hoi men ten en Sikelia Kamarinen.] Schol. ibid.

[555] [Greek: En polei tes Babulonias Kamarinei, hen tinas legein polin Ourian.] Alexand. Polyhist. apud Euseb. Praep. Evan. l. 9. p. 418.

[556] Natalis Comes. l. 9. p. 510. By the Celtae are meant those of Iberia: [Greek: opsigonoi Titenes] of Callimachus.

[557] Lycoph. v. 659. Appian mentions a nation of Cyclopians in Illyria, who were near the Pheacians.

[558] The liba made in such temples were from it named Charisia. [Greek: Charision, eidos plakounton.] Hesych.

[559] In Parthia, [Greek: Kalliope, Charis]. Appian. Syriac. p. 125.

[Greek: Phrugias polis Karis]. Steph. Byzant.

Charisiae in Arcadia. Ibid. The island Cos, called of old Caris. Ibid.

[560] Herodotus. l. 4. c. 13. [Greek: Arimaspous andras mounophthalmous.]

Strabo. l. 1. p. 40. [Greek: Tacha de kai tous monommatous Kuklopas ek tes Skuthikes historias metenenochen (Homeros.)]

[561] [Greek: Oupis te, Loxo te, kai euaion Hekaerge.] Callimach. H. in Delon. v. 292.

[562] Casaubon. not. in Strabon. l. 1. p. 40.

[Greek: Mounopa straton Arimaspon.] AEschyl. Prineth. p. 49.

[563] [Greek: Ton gar basilea kai kurion Osirin ophthalmoi kai skeptroi graphousin.] Plutarch. Isis et Osiris. p. 354.

[564] Lycophron. v. 328. See Suidas.

[Greek: Philochoros Tritopatoras panton gegonenai protous.] Etymolog. Mag. See Meursii not. in Lycophron. v. 328. [Greek: Rhaisei tripatrou phasganoi Kandaonos.]

[565] Iliad. [Sigma]. v. 382. and [Xi]. v. 275. See Pausan. l. 9. p. 781.

[566] Nonni Dionysiaca. l. 29. p. 760.

The Graces and the Furies (Charites et Furiae) were equally denominated from the Sun, and fire; and in consequence of it had joint worship in Arcadia. Pausan. l. 8. p. 669. Charis, [Greek: Charis], of the Greeks, was the same personage as Ceres of the Romans. She was also called Damater, and esteemed one of the Furies. Pausan. l. 8. p. 649.

[567] Pausanias. l. 9. p. 781. So Coronis is said to have been the daughter of Phlegyas. Pausan. l. 2. p. 170: and Cronus the son of Apollo. l. 2. p. 123. Chiron the son of Saturn; Charon the son of Erebus and night. The hero Charisius, the son of Lycaon, which Lycaon was no other than Apollo, the God of light. These were all places, but described as personages; and made the children of the Deity, to whom they were sacred.

[568] [Greek: Deinous Theois te hiera kataskeuasasthai, kai basileia anthropois; kai gar toi Apolloni ton Naon oikodomesanto ton en Delphois, kai Huriei ton Thesauron.] Pausan. l. 9. p. 785.

Turres, ut Aristoteles, Cyclopes (invenerunt). Pliny. l. 7. c. 56.

[569] Virgil. AEn. l. 6. v. 630.

[570] Lutatius Placidus in Statii Thebaid. l. 1. p. 26.

[571] [Greek: Tas Huakinthou koras—epi ton Geraistou tou Kuklopos taphon katesphaxan.] Apollodorus. l. 3. p. 205.

[572] Hercules furens. Act. 4. v. 996.

[573] Nonni Dionysiaca. l. 41. p. 1068.

Euripides styles the walls of Argos [Greek: Ourania]:

[Greek: 'Ina teichea laina, Kuklopei', ourania nemontai.] Troades. v. 1087.

[574] Pausanias. l. 2. p. 146.

[575] Seneca Thyestes. Act. 2. v. 406.

[576] [Greek: Entos de tou Isthmou tes Troizenos homoros estin Hermione; Oikisten de tes archaias poleos Hermioneis genesthai phasin Hermiona Europos.] Pausanias. l. 2. p. 191.

[577] Strabo. l. 8. p. 573. It was inhabited by people particularly styled [Greek: Halieis], or men of the sea; who were brought thither by Druops Arcas.

[578] Pausan. l. 2. p. 147. [Greek: Kuklopon men estin ergon.] p. 169.

See Strabo. l. 8. p. 572. [Greek: Teichisai dia Kuklopon.]

[579] [Greek: Ta teiche ta en Tirunthi—oude onta elattonos thaumatos (ton Puramidon).] Pausanias. l. 9. p. 783.

[580] [Greek: Ephexes de tei Naupliai, ta spelaia, kai hoi en autois oikodometoi laburinthoi. Kuklopeia d' onomazousin.] Strabo. l. 8. p. 567.

[581] Pausanias. l. 4. p. 367.

[582] [Greek: Emoi men oun Aiguption phainetai, kai oudamos Hellenikon onoma Oros einai. ktl.] Pausan. l. 2. p. 181.

[583]

[Greek: Kuklopon bathra] [Greek: Phoiniki kanoni kai tukois hermosmena.] Eurip. Herc. Furens. v. 944.

[584] Strabo. l. 8. p. 572.

[585] Many places were denominated from Aster; such as Asteria, Asterion, Asteris, Astraea, Astarte. See Steph. Byzantinus. [Greek: Asterion, polis Thettalias—he nun Piresia.] Idem. [Greek: Asterie, he Delos, kai he Krete, ekaleito.] Hesychius. [Greek: Delos Asterie]. Callimach. H. in Delon. v. 37. and 40. Asteria signifies the island of Aster.

[586] L. 8. p. 572.

[587] Pausanias mentions the apartments of the daughters of Proetus. l. 2. p. 169. But the daughters of Proetus were property the virgins who officiated at the Purait, the young priestesses ot the Deity.

The Sicilian Cyclopes were three, because there were three towers only, erected upon the islands called Cyclopum Scopuli; and that they were lighthouses is apparent from the name which still remains: for they are at this day styled Faraglioni, according to Fazellus. The Cyclopes of Tiryns were seven, as we learn from Strabo; because the towers probably were in number so many. From this circumstance we may presume, that the ideas of the antients concerning the Cyclopians, were taken from the buildings which they erected.

[588] The Cyclopian buildings were also called Ouranian. [Greek: Kuklopeia t' ourania teichea.] Euripid. Electra. v. 1158.

[589] Both Cuclops, and Cuclopes, was the name of a place. We may, therefore, I think, be pretty well assured, that the Cyclopians were from hence denominated. And as sacred places had their names from the Deity, to whom they were dedicated, it is very probable, that the Cuclopian towers were named from Coelus Ops, the Deity there worshipped: for I have shewn, that this people were the reputed children of Ouranus and Coelus.

[590] Aristoteles de mirabil. auscult. p. 732.

[591] In excerptis apud Sononem. See not. Meursii in Antigonum Carystium. p. 183.

[592] Of the Cyclopians of Thrace see Scholia in Euripid. Orest. v. 966. [Greek: Kuklopes, Thrakikon ethnos]. Also Scholia in Statii Theb. l. 2. p. 104.

[593] [Greek: para de to hieron tou Kephissou Medouses lithou pepoiemene kephale. Kuklopon phasin einai kai touto ergon.] Pausan. l. 2. p. 156. [Greek: Kephissos], Dorice [Greek: Kaphissos], vel [Greek: Kaphisos]: from Caph-Isis, Petra Deae Isidis.

[594] [Greek: Eeliou, hos pant' ephorai kai pant' hupakouei.] Homer. Odyss. l. [Lambda]. v. 108.

[595] Orphic Fragment. 6. v. 19. the same as Phanes, and Dionusus. Frag. 8. v. 2. Schol. ibid.

[596] Hence the stream and lake of Cephisus in Boeotia were styled [Greek: hudata kai limne Kephissidos]: by the antient Dorians expressed [Greek: Kaphisidos], from [Greek: Kaph-Isis].

[597] Orphic Hymn. 31. v. 10.

[598] Hymn. 10. v. 10. Metis was the same as Pan.

Meed-Ous whence came [Greek: Medousa], is exactly analogous to Cotinousa, Aithousa, Alphiousa, Ampelousa, Pithecousa, Scotousa, Arginousa, Lampadousa, Amathousa, Ophiousa, Asterousa; and signifies the temple of Metis, or divine wisdom. Aster-Ous was a temple on Mount Caucasus: Amath-Ous, the same in Cyprus: Ampel-Ous, a temple in Mauritania: Alphi-Ous, in Elis: Achor-Ous, in Egypt: all dedicated to the Deity, under different titles.

[599] [Greek: Chasmasi leonteiois ta ton hieron thuromata kosmousin (hoi Aiguptioi).] Plutarch. Isis et Osiris. p. 366.

[600] Odyss. [Lambda]. v. 610. It is a term which seems to have puzzled the commentators. [Greek: Charopoi, epiplektikoi, phoberoi]. Scholiast. Ibid. It was certainly an Amonian term: and the Poet alluded to a Charopian temple.

[Greek: Tes d' en Treis kephalai, mia men charopoio leontos]. Hesiod. Theogon. v. 321. Homer in another place mentions,

[Greek: Lukon klangen, charopon te Leonton.] Hymn. [Greek: eis Metera theon]. v. 4.

As a lion was from hence styled Charops, so from another temple it was named Charon. [Greek: Charon ho leon]. Hesych. Achilles is styled [Greek: Aichmetes Charon], Lycoph. v. 260. a martial Charonian Lion.

[601] Pausan. l. 8. p. 696.

[602] Pausan. l. 1. p. 49.

[603] Hesiod. Theogon. v. 141. Scholia Apollon. l. 1. v. 730.

[Greek: Kuklopes tote Dii men didoasi bronten, kai astrapen, kai keraunon.] Apollodorus. l. 1. p. 4.

[604] See Stephanus. [Greek: Akmonia polis Phrugias ktl.] He styles Acmon [Greek: Akmona ton Maneos.] Manes was the chief Deity of Lydia, Lycia, and Persis; and the same as Menes of Egypt.

There was a city Acmonia in Thrace. Ptol. l. 5. p. 138.

[605] [Greek: Esti kai allo Akmonion alsos peri Thermadonta.] Steph. Byzant. Apollonius takes notice of [Greek: Alseos Akmonioio.] l. 2. v. 994. Here Mars was supposed to have married Harmonia, the mother of the Amazonians.

[606] Acmonides is represented as a patronymic; but there is reason to think that it is an Amonian compound, Acmon-Ades, Acmon the God of light, the same as Coelus, Cronus, and Osiris. Acmon and Acmonides were certainly the same person: [Greek: Akmon; Kronus, Ouranos.] Hesych. [Greek: Akmonides, ho Charon, kai ho Ouranos]. ibid. He was the Cyclopian God, to whom different departments were given by the mythologists. Charon Cyclops is mentioned by Lycophron. v. 659. above quoted.

[607] Simmiae Rhodii [Greek: Pterugia]. Theocritus. Heinsii. p. 214.

[608] Callimachi Hymn. in Dianam. v. 146.

[609] [Greek: Daktuloi Idaioi Kretaees]. Apollonius Rhod. l. 1. v. 1129.

The Scholiast upon this Poet takes notice of only three; of which one was Acmon:

[Greek: Kelmis, Damnameneus te megas, kai huperbios Akmon,] [Greek: Hoi protoi technen polumetios Hephaistoio] [Greek: Heuron en oureieisi napais ioenta sideron,] [Greek: Es pur t' enenkan, kai ariprepes ergon edeixan.]

These verses are quoted from the antient author, [Greek: ho ten phoronida suntheis.]

Diodorus Siculus, l. 1. p. 333. says, that some made the Idaei Dactyli ten in number; others an hundred.

[610] Clemens Alexand. Strom. l. 1. p. 401. Strabo. l. 10. p. 725.

[611] Strabo. l. 10. p. 715. They are by Tatianus Assyrius spoken of as the Cyclopes, and the same invention attributed to them. [Greek: Chalkeuein Kuklopes (edidaxan).] p. 243.

Fabricam ferrariam primi excogitarunt Cyclopes, See Hoffman. Ferrum.

[612] [Greek: Kuklopes, Thrakikon ethnos, apo Kuklopos basileos houtos onomazomenoi.—pleiones de auton en tei Kouretidi; esan de ARISTOI TECHNITAI.] Schol. in Euripid. Orest. v. 966.

Mention is afterwards made [Greek: ton ek tes Kouretidos Kuklopon]. The Curetes worshipped Cronus: so that Cronus and Cuclops were the same. See Porphyry de Abstin. l. 2. p. 225.

[613] They are said to have made the altar upon which the Gods were sworn, when the Titans rebelled against Jupiter. Scholiast upon Aratus. p. 52. In memorial of this altar an Asterism was formed in the Sphere, denominated [Greek: bomos], ara.

[614] Virgil AEn. l. 8. v. 424.

[615] Proetides implerunt falsis mugitibus auras. Virgil. Eclog. 6. v. 48.

[616] Herod. l. 7. c. 123.

[Greek: He Pallene Cherronesos, he en toi Isthmoi keitai. he prin men Potidaia, nun de Kassandreia, Phlegraia de prin ekaleito; okoun d' auten hoi muthuomenoi Gigantes, ethnos asebes, kai anomon.] Strabo. Epitome. l. 7. p. 510.

[617] Lycophron. v. 115.

[618] Stephanus places Torone in Thrace, and supposes it to have been named from Torone, who was not the wife, but daughter of Proteus. [Greek: Apo Torones tes Proteos.] Some made her the daughter of Poseidon and Phoenice. See Steph. [Greek: Phlegraia]. There were more towers than one of this name.

[619] [Greek: Pallenian epelthe Gegenon trophon], Lycoph. v. 127.

[620] Lycophron. v. 124.

[621] Eustath. on Dionysius. v. 259.

[622] Herodot. l. 2. c. 112.

[623] [Greek: Protea kiklesko, pontou kleidas echonta.] Orphic Hymn. 24.

[624] Aristides. Oratio AEgyptiaca. v. 3. p. 608.

[625] Stephanus Byzant. [Greek: Pharos.]

[626] Chilias. 2. Hist. 44. p. 31. [Greek: Proteus phoinikes phinikos pais—peri ten pharon katoikon.]

[627] Orphic Hymn to Proteus. 24.

[628] Eustath. in Dionys. v. 14.

[Greek: Phrontin Onetoriden]. Homer. Odyss. [Gamma]. v. 282. See also Hesych.

[629] AEneid. l. 6. v. 556.

[630] Virg. AEneid. l. 6. v. 618.

[631] Stephanus. [Greek: Aithiopia.]

[632] The hieroglyphic was a man with the head of a bull; which had the same reference, as the Apis, and Mneuis of Egypt.

[633] Diodorus Sic. l. 20. p. 756.

[634] Homer. Odyss. [Mu]. v. 222.

[635] Epist. 79.

[636] [Greek: Akousilaos Phorkunos kai Hekates ten Skullan legei. Stesikoros de, en tei Skullei, Lamias ten Skullan phesi thugatera einai.] Apollonius. Schol. l. 4. v. 828.

[637] Euripides. Cyclops. v. 126.

[638] Odyss. l. [Iota]. v. 389.

[639] Imitated by Mr. Pope.

[640] Ennius translated into Latin the history of Euhemerus, who seems to have been a sensible man, and saw into the base theology of his country. He likewise wrote against it, and from hence made himself many enemies. Strabo treats him as a man devoted to fiction. l. 2. p. 160.

[641] Ex Ennii Historia sacra, quoted by Lactantius. Divin. Institut. vol. 1. c. 13. p. 59.

[642] [Greek: Messenion Euemeron]. Strabo. l. 1. p. 81.

[643] Clemens. Cohort. p. 11. Arnobius. l. 5.

[644] [Greek: Dionuson Mainolon orgiasousi Bakchoi, omophagiai ten hieromanian agontes, kai teliskousi tas kreonomias ton phonon anestemmenoi tois ophesin.] Clemens Cohort. p. 11.

[645] Julius Firmicus. p. 14.

[646] Apollon. Rhod. l. 1. v. 636.

[647] Scholia Apollon. l. 1. v. 635.

[648] Porphyry [Greek: peri apoches]. l. 2. p. 224.

[649] Turricolas Lamias, Fauni quas Pompiliique

Instituere Numae. Lactant. de falsa Relig. l. 1. c. 22. p. 105.

[650] Homer Odyss. [Kappa]. v. 81.

[651] Ibid. [Kappa]. v. 120.

[652] [Greek: En merei tini tes choras (tes Sikelias) Kuklopes, kai Laistrugones, oikesai.] Thucyd. l. 6. p. 378.

[653] Scholia. v. 956. Leon in Leontium is a translation of Lais ([Hebrew: LWSH]) Leo: Bochart.

[654] Lycoph. above.

[655] Plutarch de Defect. Orac. vol. 1. p. 398.

[Greek: Heteroi de phaisin ek Maliaion aphikesthai Lamias thugatera Sibullan.] Clem. Alex. Strom. l. 1. p. 358. Pausanias makes her the daughter of Jupiter and Lamia. l. 10. p. 825.

[656] Clemens Alex. l. 1. p. 358.

[657] See Diodorus. l. 20. p. 778. of the Lamia in Libya, and of her cavern.

[658] Euripides quoted ibid.

[659] Philostratus. Vita Apollon. l. 4. p. 183.

[660] Aristot. Ethic. l. 7. c. 6. p. 118. See Plutarch [Greek: peri polupragmosunes], And Aristoph. Vespae. Schol. v. 1030.

[661] Horace, l. 3. ode 17.

[662] Virgil AEn. l. 7. v. 1. See Servius.

[663] Strabo. l. 5. p. 357. [Greek: Kolpon Kaiattan. kl.]

[664] Ibid. p. 356.

[665] Silius. l. 8.

[666] De Virgiliana continentia. p. 762. Caiat signified a kind of whip, or thong, probably such was used at Caiate.

[667] Virgil. AEneid. l. 5. v. 873.

[668] See Nonnus. l. 19. p. 320.

[669] V. 653. See Natalis Comes.

[670] L. 4. v. 892.

[671] V. 1269.

[672] Odyss. l. [Mu]. v. 39.

[673] From Mr. Pope's translation.

[674] Callimachi Frag. 184. p. 510.

[675] Apollon. l. 4. v. 828. Scholia. She is said also to have been the daughter of Hecate and Phorcun. Ibid. The daughter of a Deity means the priestess. Phor-Cun signifies Ignis Dominus, the same as Hephastus.

[676] Herodotus. l. 7. c. 90.

[677] [Greek: Kuros ho helios.] See Radicals. p. 48.

[678] Strabo. l. 14. p. 1002. the promontory was called Curias [Greek: Kurias akra; eita polis Kourion.]

[679] L. 4. c. 103.

[680] Virgil. AEneid. l. 8. v. 190.

[681] Livy. l. 1. c. 7.

[682] Plutarch. in Amatorio. vol. 2. p. 762.

[683] Lactantius de F. R. l. 1. c. 20. p. 90.

[684] Milton. l. 2. v. 579.

[685] Theoc. Idyl. 17. v. 47.

[686] Aristoph. [Greek: Batrach.] v. 474. So Cocytus is by Claudian described as the river of tears.

—— presso lacrymarum fonte resedit Cocytos. De Rapt. Proserp. l. 1. v. 87.

[687] He makes Metis the same as Athena. H. 31. l. 10.

In another place Metis is styled [Greek: protos genetor]. Frag. 6. v. 19. p. 366.

[688] Ibid. Fragm. 8. p. 373.

[689] Eusebii. Chron. Log. p. 4. l. 42.

[690] [Greek: Hippan kiklesko Bakchou trophon.] Hymn. 48.

[691] Hymn. 47. v. 4.

[692] Orphic Frag. 43. [Greek: He men gar Hippa tou pantos ousa psuche ktl.] Proclus. ibid. p. 401.

[693] Among the Egyptians, the emblems of which they made use were arbitrary, and very different from the things to which they referred. An eagle, an ox, and a horse, were all used as symbols, but had no real connexion with the things alluded to, nor any the least likeness. The Grecians not considering this were always misled by the type; and never regarded the true history, which was veiled under it.

[694] [Greek: Hippeis.] v. 548.

[695] Pausan. l. 5. p. 414.

[696] Ibid. l. 5. p. 416.

[697] Hesych. [Greek: Hippia.]

[698] Pausan. l. 8. p. 649.

[699] Metam. l. 6. v. 117.

[700] Ibid. l. 2. v. 668.

[701] Virg. Georg. l. 3. v. 92.

[702] Iliad. [Beta]. v. 766. He also mentions the mares of Eresicthon, with which Boreas was supposed to have been enamoured.

[Greek: Taon kai Borees erasseto boskomenaon,] [Greek: Hippoi d' eisamenos parelexato kuanochaitei.] [Greek: Hai d' hupokussamenai etekon duokaideka polous.] Odyss. [Upsilon]. v. 224.

[703] H. to Apollo. v. 47.

[704] Strabo. l. 17. p. 1188.

[705] Hesych. [Greek: Hippeion].

[706] [Greek: Proiousi de Hippou kaloumenon mnema estin.—Kiones de hepta, hoi tou mnematos toutou diechousin ou polu, kata tropon oimai ton archaion, hous asteron ton Planeton phasin agalmata.] Pausan. l. 3. p. 262.

[707] They included the moon among the primary planets; not being acquainted with any secondary.

[708] See Steph. Byzant. and Cellarius.

[709] Ovid. Deianira ad Hero. Epist.

[710] Geog. Vet. vol. 2. v. 665. See also Diodorus. l. 4. p. 223. also Strabo Epitome. l. 7. p. 511.

[711] See Radicals. p. 119.

[712] The birds at the lake Stymphalus are described as feeding upon human flesh. [Greek: Logos Ornithas pote androphagous ep' autoi traphenai.] Pausan. l. 8. p. 610. The real history of the place was, that the birds called Stymphalides were a set of Canibal priests.

[713] Glaucus, the son of Sisiphus is said to have been eaten by horses. Palaephatus. p. 58.

[714] P. 54.

[715] Metamorph. l. 8. v. 873.

[716] Josephus calls Egypt Mestra. Antiq. l. 1. c. 6. Sec.. 2. See Radicals, p. 8. Notes.

[717] [Greek: Ho protos oikesas ten Mestraian choran, etoi Aigupton, Mestraim.] Euseb. Chron. p. 17.

[718] Herodotus. l. 2 c. 55.

[719] Ovid Metam. l. 5. v. 341. Most temples of old were courts of justice; and the priests were the judges, who there presided.

AElian. V. H. l. 14. c. 34. [Greek: Dikastai to archaion par' Aiguptiois hoi hiereis esan.]

[720] Oratio in Verrem. 5. Sect. ultima. vol. 3. p. 291.

[721] Ceres is mentioned by Varro quasi Geres. l. 4. p. 18.

[722] Hesychius. [Greek: Acheiro.]

[723] Repentur in poematiis antiquis, a Pithaeo editis, carmen in laudem Solis; quod eum esse Liberum, et Cererem, et Jovem statuit. Huetius. Demonst. Evang. Prop. 4. p. 142.

[724] Coelius. Rhodog. l. 17. c. 27.

[725] Varro speaks of Ceres, as if her name was originally Geres. l. 4. p. 18.

[726] There was a place called Charisia in Arcadia. Pausan. l. 8. p. 603. Charesus, and Charesene, in Phrygia. Charis in Persis, and Parthia. See Treatise upon the Cyclopes.

[727] Pausan. l. 9. p. 781. Nonnus. l. 29. p. 760.

[728] Etymolog. Mag. and Suidas.

[729] [Greek: Chresmologoi meteichon tes en toi Prutaneioi siteseos.]. Aristoph. [Greek: Eirene]. Scholia, v. 1084.

[730] L. 8. p. 6l6.

[731] L. 5. p. 415.

[732] [Greek: Prutaneia te echousa kai Archontas.] Thucyd. l. 2. p. 107.

[733] [Greek: To de luchnion en Prutaneioi.] Theocrit. Idyl. 21.

[734] Suidas.

[735] L. 2. p. 107. Others gave another reason. [Greek: Prutaneion ekaleito, epeide ekei ekathento hoi Prutaneis, hoi ton holon pragmaton dioiketai.] Ibid.

[736] Julius Pollux. l. 1. c. 1. p. 7.

[737] [Greek: Prutaneion estin, en hoi nomoi tou Solonos eisi gegrammenoi.] Pausan. l. 1. p. 41.

[738] Plutarch in Solone. p. 92.

[739] L. 41. p. 1152.

[740] L. 8. p. 649. Mount Caucasus was denominated, as is supposed, from a shepherd Caucasus. The women, who officiated in the temple, were styled the daughters of Caucasus, and represented as Furies: by which was meant priestesses of fire.

Caucasi filiae Furiae. See Epiphanius Anchorat. p. 90.

[741] Lycophron. Scholia. v. 1225. [Greek: Kai Kallimachos Erinnun kalei Demetra.] Ibid.

Neptune is said to have lain with Ceres, when in the form of a Fury. Apollodorus. l. 3. p. 157. She is said from thence to have conceived the horse Areion.

Lycophron alludes to her cruel rites, when he is speaking of Tantalus, and Pelops.

[Greek: Hou pappon en gamphaisin Hennaia pote] [Greek: Erkun' Erinnus, thouria, xiphephoros,] [Greek: Asarka mistullous' etumbeusen taphoi.] v. 152.]

[742] Herodotus. l. 7. c. 197.

[743] L. 2 v. 288.

[744] The Sirens and Harpies were persons of the same vocation, and of this the Scholiast upon Lycophron seems to have been apprised. See v. 653.

[745] Harpya, [Greek: Harpuia], was certainly of old a name of a place. The town so called is mentioned to have been near Encheliae in Illyria. Here was an Amonian Petra of Cadmus, and Harmonia.

[746] [Greek: Tituoi enalinkios aner.] Theocrit. Idyl. 22. v. 94.

[747] Pausan. l. 1. p. 94.

[748] [Greek: Kerkuon] is compounded of Ker-Cuon, and signifies the temple of the Deity.

[749] L. 1. p. 94.

[750] Ovid. Ibis. v. 411.

[751] Anacharsis. vol. 2. p. 388. [Greek: Gumnasion huph' hemon onomazetai, kai estin hieron Apollonos Lukiou.]

[752] [Greek: Kai ho topos houtos palaistra kai es eme ekaleito oligon pou taphou tes Alopes apechon.] Pausan. l. 1. p. 94.

That very antient temple of Pan on Mount Lycaeum in Arcadia had a Gymnasium in a grove. [Greek: Esti en toi Lukaioi Panos te Hieron, kai peri auto alsos dendron, kai Hippodromos te, kai pro autou stadion.] Pausan. l. 8. p. 678.

[753] I have mentioned, that Torone was a temple of the Sun, and also [Greek: phlegraia], by which was meant a place of fire, and a light-house. This is not merely theory: for the very tower may be seen upon coins, where it is represented as a Pharos with a blaze of fire at the top. See vol. 2. page 118.

[754] Plutarch. Theseus, p. 6.

[755] Chron. Logos. p. 31. He was also named Asterus, Asterion, and Asterius. Lycoph. v. 1299. Schol. and Etymolog. Mag. Minois. Asterius was represented as the son of Anac. [Greek: Asteriou tou Anaktos]. Pausan. l. 7. p. 524. [Greek: Andreiai tous apothanontas hupo Theseos huperebalen ho Asterion (ho Mino)] Pausan. l. 2. p. 183.

[756] Pausan. l. 1. p. 94.

[757] Diodorus explains farther the character of this personage, [Greek: ton palaionta tois pariousi, kai ton hettethenta diaphtheironta]. l. 4 p. 226.

[758] Diodorus Sic. l. 4. p. 225, and 233.

[759] [Greek: Ideos ton Antaion phesi ton XENON ton hettemenon TOIS KRANIOIS erephein ton tou Poseidonos naon.] Pindar. Isth. Ode 4. Scholia. p. 458. See Diodorus concerning Antaeus [Greek: sunanankazonta tous xenous diapalaiein.] l. 4. p. 233.

[760] V. 866, and Scholia.

[761] Diodorus Sic. l. 4. p. 263.

[762] Hercules Furens. v. 391.

[763] Pindar. Olymp. Ode 10. p. 97. Scholia. from the Cygnus of Stesichorus.

[764] Euripides. Orestes. v. 1648. Schol. Lycaon was a Deity, and his priests were styled Lycaonidae. He was the same as Jupiter Lycaeus, and Lucetius: the same also as Apollo.

[765] Pausan. l. 8. p. 600.

[766] Odyss. l. [Phi]. v. 307.

[767] [Greek: Mnesomai, oude lathoimi Apollonos Ekatoio]. Homer. [Eta]. to Apollo. v. 1.

[Greek: Eu eidos agoreue theopropias Hekatoio.] Iliad. [Alpha]. v. 385.

[Greek: Artemis iocheaira, kasignete Hekatoio.] Iliad. [Upsilon]. v. 71.

[768] Odyss. [Sigma]. v. 83.

[769] Purchas. Pilg. vol. 5. p. 872. and Garcilasso della Vega. Rycaut. p. 403.

[770] See Plutarch's life of Theseus. p. 3, 4. vol. 1.

[771] V. 146.

[772] Campio, Gladiator. Isidorus.

[773] Vegetius. l. 2. c. 7.

[774] Nonnus. l. 18. p. 500.

[775] Eustathius on Dionysius. v. 357.

[776] Diodorus Sicul. l. 1. p. 13, 14.

[777] [Greek: Homoios de tous Indous ton theon touton par' heautois apophanesthai gegonenai.] Diod. Sic. l. 4. p. 210.

[778] Diodorus. l. 1. p. 14.

[779] Diodorus. l. 1. p. 17.

[780] Ibid. p. 14. This city is also said to have been built by Hercules. Diodorus. l. 4. p. 225.

[781]

Primus aratra manu sollerti fecit Osiris, Et teneram ferro sollicitavit humum. Tibull. l. 1. El. 8. v. 29.

[782] [Greek: Zuthos, ek ton krithon poma.] Diodorus. l. 1. p. 37.

[783] [Greek: Basileuonta de Osirin Aiguptious euthus aporou biou kai theriodous apallaxai, karpous te deixanta, kai nomous themenon autois.] Plut. Is. et Osir. p. 356.

[784] Eusebius. Pr. Ev. l. 1. p. 44, 45.

[785] Diodorus Sic. l. 1. p. 24.

[786] Both the Patriarch, and his son Ham, had the name of Cronus, as may be learned from Sanchoniathon. [Greek: Egennethesan de kai en Paraiai Kronoi treis paides, Kronos homonumos toi patri, ktl.] Euseb. Praep. l. 1. c. 10. p. 37.

Paraia is the same as Pur-aia, the land of Ur; from whence the Gentile writers deduce all their mythology.

[787] See Radicals. p. 42.

[788] [Greek: Rhagdaion de genomenon ombron kai pneumaton,—dendrou labomenon ton Ousoon, kai apokladeusanta, proton tolmesai eis thalassan embenai.] Euseb. Pr. Ev. l. 1. c. 10. p. 35.

[789] Euseb. Chron. p. 7. l. 43.

[790] Strabo. l. 17. p. 1168.

[791] [Greek: Tas Gorgonas ep' okeanon ousas ton peri polin Iberias ten Tartesson.] Schol. in Lycophr. ad v. 838.

[792] [Atlas] Apex Perseo et Herculi pervius. Solin. c. 24.

[793] Andromedam Perseus nigris portarit ab Indis. Ovid. Art. Amand. l. 1. v. 53.

[794] Pausan. l. 4. p. 370.

[795] Pliny mentions these bones being brought from Joppa to Rome in the aedileship of M. Scaurus; longitudine pedum 40, altitudine costarum Indicos elephantos excedente, spinae crassitudine sesquipedali. l. 9. c. 5.

[796] Deseritur Taurique jugum, Perseaque Tarsus. Lucan. l. 3. v. 225. See Solin. c. 38.

[797] Perseam quoque plantam —— a Perseo Memphi satam. Plin. l. 15. c. 13.

Of Perseus in Cilicia, see Chron. Pasch. p. 39.

[798] Pindar. Pyth. Od. 10. v. 49 and 70. [Greek: Eis to ton Makaron andron ethnos.] Schol. in v. 70.

[799] Virgil. AEn. l. 7. v. 409.

Ardea a Danae Persei matre condita. Plin. Hist. Nat l. 3. p. 152.

[800] Servius in Virgil. AEn. l. 8.

[801] Diodorus Sic. l. 1. p. 21.

[802] Ibidem.

[803] Herodotus. l. 6. c. 54. See Chron. Paschale. p. 38.

Some make him a Colchian. [Greek: Helioi gar phesin huious genesthai duo en tois topois ekeinois, hois onomata en Perseus kai Aietes; toutous de kataschesin ten choran; kai Aieten men Kolchous kai Maiotas, Persea de Taurikes Basileusai.] Schol. in Apollon. Argonautic. l. 3. v. 199.

[804] [Greek: He de Persou gune Asteria pais en Koiou kai Phoibes; hoi Koios de kai Phoibe OURANOU paides.] Schol. in Lycophron. v. 1175.

[805] Natalis Comes. l. 7. c. 18.

[806] Schol. in Lycophr. v 18.

Lycophr. v. 17.

[Greek: Ton chrusopatron morphnon—ton Persea.] Schol. in Lycophr. v. 838.

[807] [Greek: Engus tes Nees polios]. He is said to have introduced here Gymnic exercises. Herodot. l. 2. c. 91. And to have often appeared personally to the priests. Herodot. ibid.

Herodotus of the Dorians. l. 6. c. 54.

[808] [Greek: En larnaki xulinoi]. Schol. in Lycophr. v. 838.

[Greek: En kibotoi tini]. Chron. Pasch. p. 38. from Euripides.

The father of Danae [Greek: eneirxas auten eis ten Kiboton meta tou PAIDOS katheken eis to pelagos.] Schol. in Pind. Pyth. Od. 10. v. 72.

[809] All salutary streams were consecrated to the Sun. There were some waters of this nature near Carthage, which were named Aquae Persianae. See Apuleii Florida. c. 16. p. 795, and p. 801. They were so named from Perez, the Sun, to whom they were sacred.

[810] Ovid. Trist. l. 1. eleg. 3. v. 48. See Natalis Comes. l. 7. c. 18.

[811] Polyb. l. 5. p. 389.

[812] Plin. Hist. Nat. l. 6. c. 16. See Q. Curtius, and Strabo.

[813] Parrhasii in Hyrcania. Strabo. l. 11. p. 775.

[814] Plin. Hist. Nat. l. 2. c. 98.

[815] Of Parrhasians in Arcadia. Strabo. l. 8. p. 595. See Plin. Hist. Nat. l. 4. c. 6.

[Greek: Huios Dinutta Damarchos ten d' anetheken] [Greek: Eikon', ap' Arkadias Parrhasios genean.] Pausan. l. 6. p. 471. See also l. 8. p. 654.

[816] Plato in Alcibiad. vol. 2. p. 120.

[817] Herodot. l. 7. c. 150.

[818] Statii Theb. l. 1. v. 717.

[819] Diodorus Sicul. l. 3. p. 185.

[820] [Greek: Pollais geneais proteron ton Troikon.] Ibid.

[821] [Greek: Tes Libues en tois pros hesperan meresin epi tou peratos tes oikoumenes.] Diodorus Sic. l. 3. p. 186.

She likewise was in possession of the [Greek: nesoi eudaimones], or Islands of the blessed, which lay opposite to her dominions in Africa.

[822] Writers mention that she raised over the slain three large mounds of earth, which were called [Greek: taphoi Amazonon], the tombs of the Amazons. This shews that the Gorgons and Amazons were the same people, however separated, and represented in a state of warfare.

[823] Iliad [Beta]. v. 811. [Greek: Murina; onoma kurion Amazonos.] Scholia ibid.

[824] Diodorus Sicul. l. 4. p. 216, 217, 225, 227, &c. See also Justin. l. 44. c. 4. and Apollodorus. l. 2. p. 100.

Hercules of Tyre was said to have been the Son of Athamas, the same as Palaemon.

[825] Ludovicus Nonnius in Hispania. p. 196, 170.

[826] Diodorus Sicul. l. 4. p. 227.

Corunna the same as Kir-Ona.

Many Amonian cities of similar analogy to Alesia.

[827] Diodorus, above.

[828] [Greek: Chrusa mela—probata.] Schol. in Apollon. Argonaut. l. 4. v. 1396. [Greek: ex Agroitou en g' Libukon.]

[829] [Greek: Ton Heraklea, summachounton autoi ton theon, kratesai tei machei, kai tous pleistous anelonta ten choran exemerosai.] Diodorus Sicul. l. 4. p. 229. Strabo. l. 5. p. 376. and l. 6. p. 430.

[830] Strabo. l. 15. p. 1007. and l. 11. p. 771. Diodorus Sic. l. 2. p. 124.

[831] Arrian. Hist. Indica. p. 321.

[832] Herod. l. 4. c. 9. Aristid. Orat. v. 1. p. 85.

[833] Ovid. Metam. l. 11. v. 218.

[834] Poculo Herculem vectum ad Erytheiam. Macrob. Sat. l. 5. c. 21. Apollodorus. l. 2. p. 100. Schol. Apollon. Argonaut. l. 4. v. 1396. from Pherecydes Syrus; and from the Libyca of Agroitas. [Greek: Labon chrusoun depas par' Heliou—dia tou okeanou plein.]

[835] Strabo. l. 3. p. 237. He was supposed to have been the founder of Tartossus, where he was worshipped under the name of Archaleus. Etymolog. Mag. [Greek: Gadara.]

[836] Syncellus. p. 171.

[837] Pomponius Mela. l. 3. c. 6.

[838] Athenaeus. l. 12. c. 512.

[839] Strabo. l. 15. p. 1009. [Greek: Plasma ton Herakleian poiounton.]

[840] Nat. Deorum. l. 3. c. 16.

[841] Arrian speaks of this Indian Hercules, together with the others mentioned by Cicero. [Greek: Ei de toi pista tauta, allos an outos Heraklees eie, ouch ho Thebaios, e ho Turios houtos, e ho Aiguptios, e tis kai kata ano choren ou porrho tes Indon ges oikismenen megas basileus.] Hist. Ind. p. 319. Varro mentions forty of this name, who were all reputed Deities.

[842] See Ludovicus Nonnius, in Hispan. p. 196, 170.

[843] See Audigier Origines des Francois. part. 1. p. 225, 230.

[844] Mela. l. 2. c. 5. l. 30.

[845] Petronius. p. 179. Est locus Herculeis aris sacer.

[846] He was worshipped by the Suraceni, a particular Indian nation, who styled him [Greek: Gegenes], or the Man of the Earth. Arrian. Hist. Indic. p. 321.

[847] Hercules apud Celtas. See Voss. de Idolat. l. 1. c. 35. l. 2. c. 15.

[848] Eumenius in Orat. pro Scholis instaurandis. See Lilius Gyraldus, Synt. 10. p. 330.

[849] Suetonius in Augusto. c. 29. Livy. l. 40. c. 51.

[850] Johan. Sambuci Emblemata.

[851] He was the same as Osiris, the Sun. [Greek: Ton en pasi kai dia panton Helion.] Macrob. Saturn. l. 1. c. 20. p. 207. See Porphyry apud Euseb. Praep. Evang. l. 3. p. 112.

[852] See Lilius Gyraldus Syntag. 10. p. 592. Pausanias expresses the name [Greek: Aichmagoras]. l. 8. p. 624.

[853] Lilius Gyrald p. 595.

[854] In the following extracts we may see the character of this Deity among different nations. [Greek: Heraklea de hontina es Indous aphikesthai logos katechei par' autoisin Indoisin Gegenea legesthai; touton toi Heraklea malista pros Surasenon gerairesthai, Indikou ethnous.] Arrian. Hist. Ind. p. 321.

[Greek: Alla tis archaios esti theos Aiguptioisi Heraklees; hos de autoi legousi etea esti eptakischilia kai meria es Amasin basileusanta.] Herod. l. 2. c. 43. [Greek: All' ismen Aiguptious, hoson tina agousin Heraklea, kai Turious, hoti proton sebousi Theon.] Aristid. Orat. v. 1. p. 59. He had at Tyre a Temple, as old as the city. [Greek: Ephasan gar hama Turoi oikizomenei kai to Hieron tou theou hidrunthenai.] Herod. l. 2. c. 44.

[Greek: Esti gar en Turoi Hieron Herakleous palaiotaton, hon mnemei anthropinei diasosetai; ou tou Argeiou Herakleous. k. l.] Arrian. Expedit. Alex. p. 88.

[855] Diodorus Sic. l. 3. p. 195. 196. and p. 200.

[856] [Greek: Dionusou apogonous Oxudrakas.] Strabo. l. 15. p. 1008. The Tyrians laid the same claim to him. [Greek: Ton Dionuson Turioi nomizousin heauton einai.] Achill. Tatius. l. 2. p. 67. So did likewise the Cretans, and the people of Naxos. Some of the Libyans maintained, that he was educated in the grotto of the Nymphs upon the river Triton. Diodor. Sic. l. 3. p. 202. 203. Concerning Dionusus the benefactor, see Arrian. Hist. Ind. p. 321.

Of his coming to India from the west. Philostratus. l. 2. p. 64. [Greek: Epeluton auton Assurion.]

[857] Of his travels, see Strabo. l. 15. p. 1008.

[858] [Greek: Ton d' oun Dionuson, epelthonta meta stratopedou pasan ten oikoumenen, didaxai ten phuteian tou ampelou.] Diodor. Sic. l. 3. p. 197.

[Greek: Kai pro Alexandrou, Dionusou peri pollos logos katechei, hos kai toutou strateusantos es Indous.] Arrian. Hist. Indic. p. 318.

[859] Diodorus. l. 3. p. 204.

[860] [Greek: Indous kai Turrhenous legousin, hos katestrepsato (Dionusos).] Aristid. Orat. in Dionus. p. 54.

[861] Cic. de Nat. Deor. l. 3. c. 23. Of the various places of his birth, see Diodorus Sic. l. 3. p. 200.

[862] Linus, Orpheus, Panopides, Thymaetes, and Dionysius Milesius, Diodorus Sic. l. 3. p. 201.

[863] It was a common subject for Elegy. Plutarch. Isis et Osir.

[Greek: Poiesometha de ten archen apo Dionusou, dio kai palaion einai sphodra touton, kai megistais euergesiais katatetheisthai toi genei ton anthropon.] Diodorus Sicul. l. 4. p. 210.

[Greek: Linon phasi tois Pelasgikois grammasi suntaxamenon tas tou protou Dionusou praxeis.] Diodorus Sic. l. 3. p. 201.

[864] L. 4. p. 210.

[Greek: Ton Osirin Dionuson einai legousin.] Herodot. l. 2. c. 42. c. 145.

[865] The Indians gave the same account of Dionusus, as the Egyptians did of Osiris. [Greek: Polias te oikesai (Dionuson) kai nomous thesthai teisi polesin, oinou te dotera Indois genesthai;—kai speirein didaxai ten gen, didonta auton spermata;—boas te hup' arotroi zeuxai Dionuson proton;—kai theous sebein hoti edidaxe Dionusos—ktl.] Arrian. Hist. Indic. p. 321.

[866] Pausan. l. 3. p. 272. As his rites came originally from Chaldea, and the land of Ur, he is in consequence of it often styled [Greek: Purigenes, amd Purisporos;] Strabo. l. 13. p. 932. [Greek: Elthe, makar Dionuse, PYRISPORE, taurometope.] Orphic. Hymn. 44. v. 1.

[867] There was a cavern, where they supposed him to be buried, at Delphi, [Greek: para chruseoi Apolloni.] Cyril contra Jul. p. 342.

[868] [Greek: Kronos perieon ten oikoumenen.] Sanchoniath. apud Euseb. Praep. Evang. l. 1. c. 10. p. 38.

[869] [Greek: Ton men oun Kronon onta presbutaton basilea genesthai; kai tous kath' heauton anthropous ex agriou diaites eis bion hemeron metastesai, kai dia touto apodoches megales tuchonta pollous epelthein tes oikoumenes topous; eisegesasthai de pasi ten te dikaiosunen kai ten haploteta tes psuches.] Diodorus Sicul. l. 5. p. 334.

[870] [Greek: Ouranon—tous anthropous sporaden oikountas sunagagein eis poleos peribolon, kai tes men anomias kai theriodous biou pausai—kataktesasthai de auton tes oikoumenes ten pleisten.] Ibid. l. 3. p. 1*9.

[871] [Greek: Apollona meta Themidos, ophelesai boulomenon to genos hemon; eita ten opheleian eipon, hoti eis hemeroteta proukaleito.] Strabo. l. 9. p. 646.

[872] [Greek: Kath' hon chronon Apollona ten gen epionta hemeroun tous anthropous apo te ton anemeron karpon kai bion.] Ibid.

[873] Diodorus Sicul. l. 3. p. 195.

The wanderings of Isis and Iona relate to the same history: as do likewise those of Cadmus.

[874] Eusebii Chron. p. 7. l. 37.

[875] [Greek: Thoulis. Houtos ebasileuse pases Aiguptou, kai heos okeanou; kai mian ton en autoi neson ekalesen apo tou idiou onomatos Thoulen.] Suidas.

[876] [Greek: Meta Osirin ebasileusen Oros; kai meta ton Oron ebasileuse Thoulis, hostis parelabe meta dunameos tinos pasan ten gen heos tou okeanou.] Chron. Pasch. p. 46.

He is mentioned by Cedrenus. [Greek: Thoules, hos kai heos tou okeanou pusan ten gen pareilephen.] p. 20.

[877] Diodorus Sicul. l. 1. p. 49.

[878] See Apollon. Argonaut. l. 4. v. 277. and Herodot. l. 2. c. 102.

Syncellus. p. 59, 60

[879] Diodorus Sic. above. He was near losing his whole army.

[880] [Greek: Ten de choran hoplois katestrepsato tois heautou Basileus Basileon, kai Despotes Despoton Sesoosis.] Diodor. Sicul. ibid.

[881] He passed through all Ethiopia to the Cinnamon country. Strabo. l. 17. p. 1138. This must be Indica Ethiopia, and the island Seran-Dive. Hence came Cinnamon: here were [Greek: stelai kai epigraphai.]

Venit ad occasum, mundique extrema Sesostris. Lucan. l. 10. v. 276

[882] [Greek: Sesostris ete me, hos hapasan echeirosato ten Asian en eniautois ennea.] Syncellus. p. 59.

Some make him advance farther, and conquer all Europe: [Greek: homoios hupetaxe kai ten Asian pasan, kai TEN EUROPEN, kai ten Skuthian, kai ten Musian.] Chron. Pasch. p. 47. Herodotus thinks he did not proceed farther than Thrace. l. 2. c. 103.

[883] Diodorus Sicul. l. 1. p. 49.

[884] Of all the great actions of Sesostris, see Marsham. Can. Chron. sec. 14. p. 354.

[885] [Greek: Peri de touton to men alethes ekthesthai met' akribeias ou rhadion.] Diodorus Sicul. L. 1. p. 52.

[886] Sir John Marsham's Can. Chron. sec. 14. p. 354.

Sir Isaac Newton's Chronology, p. 217.

[887] 1 Kings. c. 14. v. 25, 26. And it came to pass, that in the fifth year of king Rehoboam Shishak king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem (because they had transgressed against the Lord); with twelve hundred chariots, and threescore thousand horsemen; and the people were without number, that came with him out of Egypt; the Lubims, the Sukkiims, and the Ethiopians. 2 Chron. c. 12. v. 2, 3.

[888] [Greek: Paralaboin de Sousakos amacheti ten polin]. Joseph. Antiq. l. 8. c. 10.

[889] Sethosis of Josephus contra Apion. l. 1. p. 447.

[890] Euseb. Chron. p. 7. l. 43. [Greek: Thoules; meta de touton Sesostris.]

[891] [Greek: Sesonchosis, Aiguptou pases basileus meta Oron tes Isidos kai Osiridos paida, ten men Asian hormesas pasan katestrepsato, homoios de ta pleista tes Europes. Theopompos de en tritoi Sesostrin auton kalei.] Schol. in Apollon. Argonaut. l. 4. v. 272.

[892] [Greek: Dikaiarchos en protoi, meta ton Isidos kai Osiridos Oron, basilea gegonenai Sesonchosin legei; hoste genesthai apo tes Sesonchosidos basileias mechri tes Neilou ete dischilia.] Schol. in Apollon. Argonaut. ibid.

[893] Cedrenus. v. 1. p. 20. Osiris, Orus, Thoules, Sesostris.

[894] Succeeded by [Greek: Pharao.] Chron. Pasch. p. 48.

[895] Joannes Antiochenus has borrowed the same history, and calls this king Sostris. [Greek: Ebasileusen Aiguption protos ek tes phules tou Cham Sostris.] p. 23. He adds, that Sostris, or Sesostris, lived in the time of Hermes, [Greek: Hermes ho trismegistos Aiguptios.] He was succeeded by Pharaoh, [Greek: protos], the first of the name. Ibid. Herodotus calls him Pheron, and Pherona. l. 2. c. 111.

[896] [Greek: Polu huperteinei tois chronois ten Mino basileian he Sesostrios.] Politic. l. 7. c. 10.

[897] Apollon. Argonaut. l. 4. v. 272. [Greek: Enthen de tina phasi—Sesonchosis, Aiguptou pases basileus—Theopompos de en tritoi Sesostrin auton kalei.] Schol. ibid.

[Greek: Peri de ton chronon, kath' hous egeneto Sesonchosis, ho men Apollonios touto monon phesi, polus gar aden apenenothen aion.] Schol. ibid.

Lycophron speaks of Apollo [Greek: Zosterios], and a promontory [Greek: Zosterion, en hoi hieron Zosteriou Apollonos.] Schol. ad v. 1278.

[898] Schol. Apollon. l. 4. v. 272. Syncellus joins him with Serapis. p. 91.

[899] Herodotus. l. 2. c. 144.

[Greek: Oupo teirea panta k. t. l.] Apollon. Argonaut. l. 4. v. 261. See the whole, and Schol. ibid.

[900] Canon. Chronic. Sec. 10. p. 238, 239.

[901] Quis igitur Sesonchosis ille, qui, Menen antevertens annis amplius 5000, inter Semideos locum habere videatur? Marsham. Canon Chronic. Sec. 10. p. 238.

Sesostris in XII. Africani Dynastia (quae Eusobiani Canonis epocham antevertit) ex Scaligeri calculis regnavit anno Per. Jul. 1392: quo ratiocinio Sesostris factus est annos 2355 ipso Sesostre senior. Nam ex S. literis (suo loco) apparebit, Sesostrim expeditionem suscepisse in Asiam, et Hierosolyma cepisse Anno Per. Jul. 3747. Ibid. p. 239.

[902] Antiq. l. 8. c. 10. p. 449. and 450.

[903] He came merely as a confederate to Jeroboam, in favour of the kingdom of Israel; and his intention was to ruin Judah: but his cruel purpose was averted by the voluntary submission both of the king and people; and by the treasures they gave up to him, which were the purchase of their security.

[904] Hercules is said to have commanded the armies of Osiris. Diodorus. Sicul. l. 1. p. 15.

[905] L. 2. c. 106. Concerning the interpretation of these emblems, see Joan Pierii Hieroglyph. l. 34. c. 20.

[906] Pausan. l. 1. p. 101. The Statue remains to this day. In like manner it was reported that Dionusus raised Pillars. Strabo. l. 3. p. 260.

[Greek: Entha te kai Stelai Thebaigeneos Dionusou]. Dionys. Perieg. v. 623.

Hercules erected the like. All which was done by people styled Dionysians and Herculeans.

[907] Joshua. c. 12. v. 24. Adonibezek had threescore and ten vassal princes at his feet; if the headman of every village may be so called. Judges. c. 1. v. 7.

[908] Benhadad of Damascus was attended with thirty-two kings, when he invaded Samaria. 1 Kings. c. 20. v. 1.

[909] The people plowed, and sowed, and had fruits, and pastures, within their walls.

[910] 2 Kings. c. 17. v. 6. and c. 18. v. 11. and v. 34. Isaiah. c. 10. v. 9. c. 37. v. 13.

[911] Diodorus Sicul. l. 2. p. 90.

[912] Diodorus Sicul. l. 1. p. 91.

[913] Ibid. p. 92.

[914] [Greek: Haute men apedexato chomata ana to pedion eonta axiotheeta.] Herod. l. 1. c. 184.

Such [Greek: chomata] were raised by the Amonians in all places where they settled, called [Greek: taphoi].

Four such were in Troas. [Greek: Eisi men oun lophoi tettares, Olumpioi kaloumenoi.] Strabo. l. 10. p. 720. There were such also of the Amazons in Mauritania.

[915] She carried back but twenty men, according to Strabo. l. 15. p. 1051.

[916] Chron. Paschale. p. 36. Semiramis was, we find, Rhea: and Rhea was the same as Cybele, the mother of the Gods: [Greek: ten Rhean, Kibelen, kai Kuben, kai Dindumenen.] Strabo. l. 10. p. 721.

[917] Cononis narrationes apud Phot. p. 427.

[918] Herodot. l. 1. c. 184. five ages ([Greek: geneai]) before Nitocris the mother of Labynitus, whom Cyrus conquered.

It may be worth while to observe the different opinions of authors about the time, when Semiramis is supposed to have lived.

Years. According to Syncellus she lived before Christ 2177 Petavius makes the term 2060 Helvicus 2248 Eusebius 1984 Mr. Jackson 1964 Abp. Usher 1215 Philo Biblius from Sanchoniathon (apud Euseb. Praep. Evang. 1200 l. 1. p. 31.) about Herodotus about 713

What credit can be given to the history of a person, the time of whose life cannot be ascertained within 1535 years? for so great is the difference of the extremes in the numbers before given.

See Dionys. Perieg. Schol. in v. 1006.

[919] Diodorus Sicul. l. 1. p. 90.

[920] Herodotus. l. 1. c. 98.

[921] Diodorus Sicul. l. 1. p. 92.

[922] Strabo. l. 15. p. 1007.

[923] Arrian. Hist. Ind. p. 318.

[924] Josephus cont. Ap. l. 1. c. 19. p. 451.

[925] Steph. Byzant. [Greek: Babulon.]

[926] Suidas: [Greek: Semiramis.]

[927] Pliny. l. 7. p. 417.

[928] Semiramis teneros mares castravit omnium prima. Marcellinus. l. 14. c. 6.

[929] [Greek: Semiramis lagnos gune, kai miaiphonos.] Athenag. Legatio. p. 307.

[930] Claudian. in Eutrop. l. 1. v. 339.

[931] This is the reason that we find these kingdoms so often confounded, and the Babylonians continually spoken of as Assyrians, and sometimes as Persians. [Greek: Babulon Persike polis]. Steph. Byz.

[932] Strabo. l. 16. p. 1071.

[933] These mounds were high altars, upon which they sacrificed to the Sun. By Ctesias they are supposed to have been the tombs of her lovers, whom she buried alive. Syncellus. p. 64.

[934] They built Babylon itself; which by Eupolemus was said to have been the work of Belus, and the Giants. Euseb. Praep. l. 9. c. 17. p. 418. Quint. Curt. l. 5. c. 1. Abydenus apud Euseb. Praep. l. 9. c. 15. Syncellus. p. 44.

[935] Clemens Alexand. Strom. l. 1. p. 364.

[936] He ordered it to be inscribed upon his tomb, [Greek: hoti kai Magikon genoito didaskalos]. Porph. de Abstin. l. 4. p. 399.

[937] By Zoroaster was denoted both the Deity, and also his priest. It was a name conferred upon many personages.

[938] Zerdusht, seu, ut semel cum vocali damna scriptum vidi, Zordush't, idem est, qui Graecis sonat [Greek: Zoroastres]. Hyde Relig. Vet. Persar. c. 24. p. 312.

[939] L. 30. c. 1. p. 523.

[940] Arnobius. l. 1. p. 31.

[941] Clemens. l. 1. p. 399.

[942] Ibid. l. 5. p. 711. [Greek: Tade sunegraphen Zoroastres ho Armeniou to genos Pamphulos. kl. En adei genomenos edaen para Theon.]

[943] Clemens. l. 1. p. 357. Apuleius Florid. c. 15. p. 795, mentions a Zoroaster after the reign of Cambyses.

[944] Justin. l. 1. c. 1.

[945] Syncellus. p. 167.

[946] P. 315. It is also taken notice of by Huetius. Sinam recentiores Persae apud Indos degentes faciunt (Zoroastrem). D.E. Prop. 4. p. 89.

[947] Sed haud mirum est, si Europaei hoc modo dissentiant de homine peregrino, cum illius populares orientales etiam de ejus prosapia dubitent. At de ejus tempore concordant omnes, unum tantum constituentes Zoroastrem, eumque in eodem seculo ponentes. p. 315.

[948] Plures autem fuere Zoroastres ut satis constat. Gronovius in Marcellinum. l. 23. p. 288. Arnobius and Clemens mention more than one. Stanley reckons up six. See Chaldaic Philosophy.

[949] P. 312.

[950] Zoroaster may have been called Zerdusht, and Zertoost: but he was not Zerdusht the son of Gustasp, who is supposed to have lived during the Persian Monarchy. Said Ebn. Batrick styles him Zorodasht, but places him in the time of Nahor, the father of Terah, before the days of Abraham. vol. 1. p. 63.

[951] Diogenes Laert. Prooem. p. 3.

[952] [Greek: Pro ton Troikon etesi ph' Zoroastres.]

[953] Laertius Prooem. p. 3.

[954] Pliny. l. 30. c. 1.

[955] [Greek: Zoroastris ho Magos, hon pentakischiliois etesin ton Troikon gegonenai presbuteron historousin.] Isis et Osir. p. 369.

[956] Zoroastrem hunc sex millibus annorum ante Platonis mortem. Pliny. l. 30. c. 1.

[957] P. 16. and p. 47.

[958] Euseb. Chron. p. 32. Syncellus. p. 167.

[959] Pliny. l. 30. c. 1. p. 524.

[960] [Greek: Ouk einai mathein poteron Dareiou pater, eite kai allos k l.] He owns, that he could not find out, when Zoroaster lived. [Greek: Hopenika men (ho Zoroastres) echmase ten archen, kai tous nomous etheto, ouk enesti saphos diagnonai.] l. 2. p. 62.

[961] Pliny. l. 30. c. 1.

[962] Huetii Demons. Evan. Prop. 4. p. 88. 89.

[963] See Huetius ibid.

[964] [Greek: Astronomian protoi Babulonioi epheuron dia Zoroastrou, meth' hon Ostanes;—aph' hon Aiguptioi kai Hellenes edexanto.] Anon. apud Suidam. [Greek: Astron.]

[965] Primus dicitur magicas artes invenisse. Justin. l. 1. c. 1.

[966] Diog. Laertius Prooem. p. 6.

[967] [Greek: Ten Mageian ten Zoroastrou tou Oromazou.] Plato in Alcibiade l. 1. p. 122.

Agathias calls him the son of Oromasdes. l. 2. p. 62.

[968] Pliny. l. 7. c. 16. Risit eodem, quo natus est, die. See Lord's account of the modern Persees in India. c. 3. It is by them said, that he laughed as soon as he came into the world.

[969] Hermippus apud Plinium. l. 30. c. 1.

[970] Dio. Chrysostom. Oratio Borysthenica. 38. Fol. 448. Euseb. Praep. l. 1. p. 42. See also Agathias just mentioned.

[971] [Greek: Thuein euktaia kai charisteria.] Plutarch Is. et Osir. p. 369.

[972] Primus dicitur artes magicas invenisse, et mundi principia, siderumque motus diligentissime spectasse. Justin. l. 1. c. 1.

[973] [Greek: Zarades; ditte gar ep' autoi eponumia.] Agath. l. 2. p. 62.

[974] [Greek: Zaretis, Artemis, Persai.] Hesych.

Zar-Ades signifies the Lord of light: Zar-Atis and Atish, the Lord of fire.

[975] L. 1. c. 5. p. 16. Of the title Zar-Ovanus, I shall treat hereafter.

[976] Plutarch. Is. et Osiris. p. 369.

[977] See Agathias. l. 2. p. 62.

[978] Plutarch says, that Zoroaster lived five thousand years before the Trojan war. Plutarch above.

[979] [Greek: Houtos (ho Theos) estin ho protos, aphthartos, aidios, agennetos, ameres, anomoiotatos, heniochos pantos kalou, adorodoketos, agathon agathotatos, phronimon phronimotatos. Esti de kai pater eunomias, kai dikaiosunes, autodidaktos, phusikos, kai teleios, kai sophos, kai hierou phusikou monos heuretes.] Euseb. P. E. l. 1. p. 42.

[980] Clemens. l. 5. p. 711.

[981] [Greek: En haide genomenos edaen para Theon.] Ibid.

[982] Dion. Chrysostom. Oratio Borysthenica. p. 448.

[983] Hyde. p. 312.

[984] Abulfeda. vol. 3. p. 58. See Hyde. p. 312.

[985] Hesych. [Greek: Magon.]

[986] Suidas. [Greek: Magoi.]

[987] Oratio Borysthen. p. 449.

[Greek: Magoi, hoi peri to theion sophoi.] Porph. de Abst. l. 4. p. 398.

Apuleius styles Magia—Diis immortalibus acceptam, colendi eos ac venerandi pergnaram, piam scilicet et diviniscientem, jam inde a Zoroastre Oromazi, nobili Caelitum antistite. Apol. 1. p. 447. so it should be read. See Apuleii Florida. c. 15. p. 793. l. 3.

[Greek: Tous de Magous peri te therapeias theon diatribein kl.] Cleitarchus apud Laertium. Prooem. p. 5.

[988] Diodorus Sic. l. 2. p. 94.

[989] Marcellinus. l. 23. p. 288.

[990] Ibidem. It should be Regis prudentissimi; for Hystaspes was no king.

[991] Rerum Franc. l. 1. He adds, Ab hoc etiam ignem adorare consueti, ipsum divinitus igne consumptum, ut Deum colunt.

[992] [Greek: Astron zoon]. Clemens Recognit. l. 4. c. 28. p. 546. Greg. Turonensis supra. Some have interpreted the name [Greek: astrothutes.]

[993] [Greek: Prosagoreuousi kai Surion]. Pr. Evan. l. 1. p. 27. Some would change it to [Greek: Seirion]: but they are both of the same purport; and indeed the same term differently expressed. Persae [Greek: Sure] Deum vocant. Lilius Gyrald. Synt. 1. p. 5.

[994] Joshua. c. 15. v. 58.

[995] 1 Maccab. c. 4. v. 61. called Beth-Zur. 2 Chron. c. 11. v. 7. There was an antient city Sour, in Syria, near Sidon. Judith. c. 2. v. 28. it retains its name at this day.

[996] [Greek: Bethsour]. Antiq. l. 8. c. 10.

The Sun was termed Sehor, by the sons of Ham, rendered Sour, Surius, [Greek: Seirios] by other nations.

[Greek: Seirios, ho Helios]. Hesych. [Greek: Seirios onoma asteros, e ho Helios.] Phavorinus.

[997] [Greek: Bedsour—esti nun kome Bethsoron]. In Onomastico.

[998] Bethsur est hodie Bethsoron. In locis Hebraeis.

[999] Lilius Gyraldus Syntag. 13. p. 402.

[1000] Jovi. O. M. et Deae Suriae: Gruter. p. 5. n. 1.

D. M. SYRIAE sacrum. Patinus. p. 183.

[1001] Apud Brigantas in Northumbria. Camden's Britannia. p. 1071.

[1002] See Radicals. p. 42. of Zon.

[1003] Chron. Paschale. p. 43. Servius upon Virg. AEneid. l. 6. v. 14.

[1004] Lycophron. v. 1301.

[1005] Zor and Taur, among the Amonians, had sometimes the same meaning.

[1006] See the engraving of the Mneuis, called by Herodotus the bull of Mycerinus. Herod. l. 2. c. 130. Editio Wesseling. et Gronov.

[1007] See the Plates annexed, which are copied from Kaempfer's Amoenitates Exoticae. p. 312. Le Bruyn. Plate 158. Hyde. Relig. Vet. Pers. Tab. 6. See also plate 2. and plate 4. 5. vol. 1. of this work. They were all originally taken from the noble ruins at Istachar, and Naki Rustan in Persia.

[1008] Huetii Prop. 4. p. 92.

Lord, in his account of the Persees, says, that Zertoost (so he expresses the name) was conveyed by an Angel, and saw the Deity in a vision, who appeared like a bright light, or flame. Account of the Persees. c. 3.

[1009] See Stanley's Chaldaic Philos. p. 7. and p. 11. They were by Damascius styled [Greek: Zonoi] and [Greek: Azonoi]: both terms of the same purport, though distinguished by persons who did not know their purport.

[1010] See Plates annexed.

[1011] Martianus Capella. l. 1. c. 17. Ex cunctis igitur Coeli regionibus advocatis Diis, caeteri, quos Azonos vocant, ipso commonente Cyllenio, convocantur. Psellus styles them [Greek: Azonoi], and [Greek: Zonaioi]. See Scholia upon the Chaldaic Oracles.

[1012] Arnobius. l. 1. p. 31.

[1013] The Sun was styled both Zon, and Azon; Zan and Azan: so Dercetis was called Atargatis: Neith of Egypt, Aneith. The same was to be observed in places. Zelis was called Azilis: Saba, Azaba: Stura, Astura: Puglia, Apuglia: Busus, Ebusus: Damasec, Adamasec. Azon was therefore the same as Zon; and Azon Nakis may be interpreted Sol Rex, vel Dominus.

[1014] Antholog. l. 3. p. 269.

[1015] See Huetius. Demons. Evang. prop. 4. p. 129.

[1016] In Theolog. Platonis. l. 1. c. 4.

[1017]

[Greek: Oude ti pharmakon] [Greek: Thressais en sanisi,] [Greek: Tas Orpheie kategrapse gerus.] Alcestis. v. 968.

[1018] Plato de Repub. l. 2. p. 364.

[1019] Lactant. de F. R. l. 1. p. 105.

[1020] Scholia in Alcestin. v. 968.

Concerning Orpheus, see Diodorus. l. 1. p. 86. Aristoph. Ranae. v. 1064. Euseb. P. E. lib. 10. p. 469.

[1021] L. 22. See Natalis comes. l. 7. p. 401.

[1022] L. 9. p. 768.

[1023] V. 41.

[1024] Ibid. v. 99.

[1025] L. 6. p. 505.

[1026] Apollon. Rhod. l. 1. v. 23.

[1027] Scholia. ibid.

[1028] Natalis Comes. l. 7. p. 400.

[1029] De Repub. l. 2. p. 364. Musaeus is likewise, by the Scholiast upon Aristophanes, styled [Greek: huios Selenes]. Ranae. v. 106. Schol.

[1030] Lucian. Astrologus.

[1031] See Lilius Gyraldus de Poetarum Hist. Dialog. 2. p. 73. [Greek: Orpheus, phormiktas aoidan pater.] Pindar. Pyth. Ode. 4. p. 253.

[1032] Clementis Cohort. p. 12. Diog. Laert. Prooem. p. 3. Herodotus. l. 2. c. 49. Diodorus. l. 1. p. 87. l. 3. p. 300. Apollodorus. l. 1. p. 7.

[1033] Linus was the son of Apollo and Calliope. See Suidas, [Greek: Linos].

[1034] There were, in like manner, different places where he was supposed to have been buried.

[1035] Prooem. p. 5. Antholog. l. 3. p. 270. In like manner Zoroaster was said to have been slain by lightning.

[1036] Suidas, [Greek: Orpheus].

[1037] Tzetzes makes him live one hundred years before the war of Troy. Hist. 399. Chil. 12.

[1038] [Greek: Orpheus.]

[1039] Vossius de Arte Poet. c. 13. p. 78.

[1040] Cicero de Nat. Deor. l. 1. c. 38. See also AElian. Var. Hist. l. 8. c. 6.

[1041] C. 24. p. 84.

[1042] Through the whole of this I am obliged to dissent from a person of great erudition, the late celebrated Professor I. M. Gesner, of Gottingen: to whom, however, I am greatly indebted, and particularly for his curious edition of the Orphic poems, published at Leipsick, 1764.

[1043] All the Orphic rites were confessedly from Egypt. Diodorus above. See Lucian's Astrologus.

[1044] Suidas.

[1045] Maximus Tyrius. c. 37. p. 441.

[1046] Scholia upon the Hecuba of Euripides. v. 1267. See also the Alcestis. v. 968.

[1047] Plato de Repub. l. 10. p. 620.

[1048] Diodorus. l. 4. p. 282. The history of Aristaeus is nearly a parody of the histories of Orpheus and Cadmus.

[1049] Ovid. Metamorph. l. 10. v. 81. The like mentioned of the Cadmians. See AEschylus. [Greek: Hept' epi Thebais.] Prooem. AElian. Var. Hist. l. 13. c. 5.

[1050] Hecataeus apud Steph. Byzant. [Greek: Lemnos.] The first inhabitants are said to have been Thracians, styled [Greek: Sinties kai Sapaioi]; the chief cities Myrina, and Hephaistia.

[1051] Philostrati Heroica. p. 677. [Greek: en koilei te gei chresmodei.]

[1052] Steph Byz. [Greek: Chaldaios.]

[1053] Pocock's Travels. vol. 2. p. 159.

[1054] Pausan. l. 6. p. 505.

[1055] See Huetii Demonst. Evang. pr. 4. p. 129.

[1056]

[Greek: Stiktous d' hemaxanto brachionas, amphi melaine] [Greek: Deuomenai spodie threikion plokamon.] Antholog. l. 3. p. 270.

[1057] Servius in Virgil. eclog. 8. See Salmasius upon Solinus. p. 425.

[1058] [Greek: Peri ten pentekosten Olumpiada.] Tatianus. Assyr. p. 275. These were the Orphic hymns, which were sung by the Lycomedae at Athens.

[1059] Diodorus Sic. l. 5. p. 322.

[1060]

[Greek: Aiguptiou Dionusou] [Greek: Mustidos ennuchias teletas edidaxeto technes.] Nonnus. Dionus. l. 4. p. 128.

There will be found in some circumstances a great resemblance between Cadmus and Orpheus.

[1061] [Greek: Hoi de Phoinikes houtoi hoi sun Kadmoi apikomenoi—eisegagon didaskalia es tous Hellenas, kai de kai grammata, ouk eonta prin Hellesin.] Herod. l. 5. c. 58.

Literas—in Greciam intulisse e Phoenice Cadmum, sedecim numero. Pliny. l. 7. c. 56.

[1062] Plutarch. De genio Socratis. vol. 1. p. 578.

[1063] Plutarch. above.

[1064]

[Greek: Ho men de heis ton tripodon epigramma echei,] [Greek: Amphitruon m' anetheken eon apo Teleboaon.] [Greek: Tauta helikien an eie kata Laion ton Labdakou.] Herod. l. 5. c. 59.

[1065] Pausanias. l. 8. p. 628.

[1066] He is said to have introduced [Greek: Dionusiaken, teletourgian, phallephorian]

[1067] Diodorus Sicul. l. 1. p. 20.

[1068] Cadmum Pherecydes. l. iv. Historiarum ex Agenore et Argiope, Nili fluvii filia natum esse tradidit. Natalis Comes. l. 8. c. 23. p. 481. There are various genealogies of this personage. [Greek: Libues tes Epaphou kai Poseidonos, Agenor kai Belos. Agenoros kai Antiopes tes Belou Kadmos.] Scholia Euripid. Phoeniss. v. 5.

[Greek: Pherekudes de en d houto phesin. Agenor de ho Poseidonos gamei Damno ten Belou; ton de ginontai Phoinix kai Isaia, hen ischei Aiguptos, kai Melia, hen ischei Danaos. epeita enischei Agenor Argiopen ten Neilou tou potamou; tou de ginetai Kadmos.] Apollon. Scholia. l. 3. v. 1185.

[1069] Dionusiac. l. 4. p. 126.

[1070] V. 1206. The Poet calls the Thebans of Boeotia, [Greek: Ogugou spartos leos.]

[1071] Nonnus, l. 4. p. 126.

[1072] Euseb. Chron. p. 27. and Syncellus. p. 152.

[1073] See Pausan. l. 9. p. 734.

[1074] [Greek: Phoinix kai Kadmos, apo Thebon ton Aiguption exelthontes eis ten Surian ktl.] Euseb. Chron. p. 27.

[1075] Diodorus Sic. l. 5. p. 329.

[1076] [Greek: Kadmos—prosesche ten Theran.] Herod. l. 4. c. 147.

[1077] Conon apud Photium. p. 443. and Scholia Dionysii. v. 517. [Greek: Eiche de hieron Herakleous he Thasos, hupo ton auton Phoinikon hidruthen, hoi pleusantes kata zetesin tes Europes ten Thason ektisan.]

[1078] Diodorus Sic. l. 5. p. 323.

[1079] Nonnus. l. 3. p. 86. Priene in Ionia called Cadmia. Strabo. l. 14. p. 943.

[1080] Lycophron. v. 219.

[1081] Steph. Byzant.

[1082] Nonnus. p. 86.

[1083] Auri metalla et conflaturam Cadmus Phoenix (invenit) ad Pangaeum montem. Plin. l. 7. c. 56. [Greek: Kadmos, kai Telephassa en Thrakei katokesan.] Apollodorus. l. 3. p. 130.

[1084] Plin. l. 34. c. 10. Hygin. f. 274.

[1085] Strabo. l. 14. p. 998.

[1086] Ibid. l. 10. p. 685.

[1087] Pausanias. l. 3. p. 245.

[1088] Herodotus. l. 5. c. 61.

[1089] Cedrenus. p. 23.

[1090] Apollodorus. l. 3. p. 143. Pausan. l. 9. p. 719.

[1091] Stephanus Byzantin.

[1092] Thucydid. l. 1. c. 5, 6.

[1093]

[Greek: Para Tritonidi limnei] [Greek: Harmonie parelekto rhodopidi Kadmos aletes.] Nonnus. l. 13. p. 372.

Diodorus says that he married her in Samothracia. l. 5. p. 323.

[1094] Nonnus. l. 13. p. 372.

[1095] Nonnus. l. 13. p. 370.

[1096] Stephanus Byzant. The Carthaginians are by Silius Italicus styled Cadmeans.

Sacri cum perfida pacti Gens Cadmea super regno certamina movit. l. 1. v. 5.

[1097] L. 1. c. 9, 10. p. 26. l. 2. c. 4. p. 87.

[1098] Moses Choren. l. 1. c. 9. p. 26. There was a city Cadmea in Cilicia. [Greek: Kadmeia ektisthe kai Side en Kilikia.] Eusebii Chron. p. 30. l. 23.

[1099] Stephanus Byzant. Some think that this is a mistake for [Greek: Kalchedon], Chalcedon. But Chalcedon was not in Armenia, nor in its vicinity.

[1100] Cadmus was coeval with Dardanus. He was in Samothrace before the foundation of Troy. Diodorus Sicul. l. 5. p. 323. Yet he is said to be contemporary with the Argonauts: Clemens Alexandrinus Strom. l. 1. p. 382. and posterior to Tiresias, who was in the time of Epigonoi. Yet Tiresias is said to have prophesied of Cadmus, and his offspring.

[Greek: polla de Kadmoi] [Greek: Chresei, kai megalois hustera Labdakidais] Callimachi Lavacra Palladis. v. 125.

The son of Cadmus is supposed to have lived at the time of the Trojan war: Lycophron. v. 217. and Scholia. His daughter Semele is said to have been sixteen hundred years before Herodotus, by that writer's own account. l. 2 c. 145. She was at this rate prior to the foundation of Argos; and many centuries before her father; near a thousand years before her brother.

[1101] See Excerpta ex Diodori. l. xl. apud Photium. p. 1152. concerning the different nations in Egypt, and of their migrations from that country.

[1102] Diana says to her father Jupiter,

[Greek: Dos moi parthenien aionion, Appa, phulaxai,] [Greek: Kai poluonumien]. Callim. H. in Dianam. v. 6.

[Greek: Pantas ep' anthropous epeie poluonumos estin]. Homer. [Eta]. in Apoll. v. 82.

[Greek: Polle men anthropoisi k' ouk anonumos] [Greek: Thea keklemai Kupris]. Eurip. Hippolytus. v. 1.

The Egyptian Deities had many titles.

ISIDI. MYRIONYMAE. Gruter. lxxxiii. n. 11.

[1103] Lycophron. v. 219.

[1104] Scholia. ibid.

[1105] Lycophron. Schol. v. 162.

[1106] Vetus Auctor apud Phavorinum.

[1107] Nonnus. l. 41. p. 1070. Harmonia, by the Scholiast upon Apollonius, is styled [Greek: Numphe Nais] l. 2. v. 992. The marriage of Cadmus and Harmonia is said to be only a parody of the marriage of Peleus and Thetis. Diodorus. l. 5. p. 323.

[1108] Nonnus. l. 41. p. 1068.

[1109] Oraculum Apollinis Sminthei apud Lactantium, D. I. l. 1. c. 8. p. 32. She is styled the mother of the Amazons. Steph. Byzant. [Greek: Akmonia.]

[1110] Nonnus. l. 12. p. 328.

[1111] Ibid.

[1112] Nonnus. l. 12. p. 328.

[1113] Plutarch. Sympos. l. 9. quaest. 13. p. 738.

[1114] Philo apud Euseb. P. E. l. 1. p. 31.

[1115] Judges. c. 3 v. 3. Hermon was particularly worshipped about Libanus, and Antilibanus, where was the country of the Cadmonites, and Syrian Hivites.

[1116] Lucian de Syria Dea. p. 6.

[1117] Apud Proclum in Timaeum. p. 121. See Orpheus. Fragm. p. 403.

[1118] Pyth. Ode 4. p. 237.

[1119] Herodotus. l. 1. c. 173.

[1120] Og, Ogus, Ogenus, Ogugus, [Greek: Oguges, Ogenidai], all relate to the ocean.

[1121] [Greek: Anotero de tou Ismeniou ten krenen idois an, hentina Areos phasin hieran einai, kai drakonta hupo tou Areos epitetachthai phulaka tei pegei; pros taute tei krenei taphos esti Kaanthou; Melias de adelphon, kai Okeanou paida einai Kaanthon legousin stalenai de hupo tou patros zetesanta herpasmenen ten adelphen ktl]. Pausan. l. 9. p. 730.

[1122] Dicitur Europa fuisse Agenoris Phoenicum Regis, et Meliae Nymphae, filia. Natalis Comes. l. 8. p. 481.

[1123] So Phlegyas was said to have fired the temple of Apollo at Delphi. Euseb. Chron. p. 27. Apud Delphos templum Apollinis incendit Phlegyas. Lutatius Placidus upon Statius. Thebaid. l. 1. v. 703. But Phlegyas was the Deity of fire, prior to Apollo and his temple. Apollo is said to have married Coronis the daughter of Phlegyas. Hyginus. f. 161. and by her he had a son Delphus, from whom Delphi had its name. ibid. See Pausan. l. 10. p. 811. The mythologists have made Apollo slay Caanthus: but Caanthus, Cunthus, Cunaethus, were all titles of the same Deity called Chan-Thoth in Egypt.

[1124] Diodorus Siculus. l. 5. p. 331.

[1125] Solinus. l. 17.

[1126] Pausanias. l. 3. p. 245.

[1127] Palaephatus. p. 22.

[1128] Dionysiaca. l. 1. p. 42. l. 1. p. 38.

[1129] Strabo. l. 12. p. 867.

[1130] See Radicals. p. 95.

[1131] Places sacred to the Sun had the name of Achad, and Achor. Nisibis was so called. In Achor, quae est Nisibis. Ephraimus Syrus. Et in Achad, quae nunc dicitur Nisibis. Hieron. See Geograph. Hebraeor. Extera. p. 227. of the learned Michaelis.

The Deity, called Achor, and Achad, seems to be alluded to by Isaiah. c. 65. v. 10. and c. 66. v. 17. Achad well known in Syria: Selden de Diis Syris. c. 6. p. 105.

[1132] Hoffman—Academia. Hornius. Hist. Philos. l. 7.

[1133] [Greek: Kai sphi Hira esti en Atheneisi hidrumena, ton ouden meta toisi loipoisi Athenaioisi, alla te kechorismena ton allon Hiron; kai de kai Achaiies Demetros Hiron te kai orgia]. Herod. l. 5. c. 61.

[1134] Pausanias. l. 1. p. 71.

[1135] Diog. Laertius. l. 3. Sec. 6. Hornius says, Academia a Cadmo nomen accepit, non ab Ecademo. l. 7. c. 3. but Ecademus, and Cadmus, were undoubtedly the same person. Harpocration thinks that it took its name from the person, who first consecrated it. [Greek: Apo tou Kathierosantos Akademou.]

[Greek: He men Akademia apo Heroos tinos Akademou ktisantos ton topon.] Ulpian upon Demosthen. contra Timocratem.

[1136] Eupolis Comicus: [Greek: en Astroteutois] apud Laertium in Vita Platonis. l. 3. Sec.. 7.

[1137] [Greek: En gar gumnasion apo Akademou—peri auton de esan hai ontos hierai Elaiai tes Theou, hai kalountai Moriai.] Schol. upon Aristoph. [Greek: Nephelai]. v. 1001.

[1138] AElian. Var. Hist. l. 3. c. 35.

[1139] [Greek: To de chorion ho Keramikos to men onoma echei apo Heroos Keramou; Dionusou te einai kai Ariadnes.] Pausan. l. 1. p. 8.

[1140] Gruter. Inscrip. p. 57. n. 13.

[1141] Pausan. l. 9. p. 779.

[1142] Athenaeus. l. 11. p. 480.

[1143] Pliny. l. 5. c. 29.

[1144] Plutarch. Sympos. l. ix. c. 3. p. 738. Alpha likewise signified a leader: but I imagine, that this was a secondary sense of the word. As Alpha was a leading letter in the alphabet, it was conferred as a title upon any person who took the lead, and stood foremost upon any emergency.

[1145] Pausan. l. 9. p. 733.

[1146] Scholia in Aristoph. [Greek: Batrach.] v. 1256.

[1147] Herodot. l. 3. c. 28.

[1148]

[Greek: Aiguptiou Dionusou] [Greek: Euia phoiteteros Osiridos Orgia phainon.] l. 4. p. 126.

[1149]

[Greek: Patridos astu polisson *** ] [Greek: ** barugounon heon pod* **.] Nonnus l. 4. p. 130*.

[1150] L. 4. p. 128.

[1151] Vossius de Idol. vol.3. Comment. in Rabbi M. Maimonidem de Sacrificiis. p. 76.

[1152] Justin Martyr. 1. Apolog. p. 60.

See Radicals. p. 59.

[1153] Europa was the same as Rhea, and Astarte. Lucian. Dea Syria.

[1154] Hence Nonnus alluding to the Tauric oracle, which Cadmus followed, calls it Assyrian: by this is meant Babylonian; for Babylonia was in aftertimes esteemed a portion of Assyria.

[Greek: Assurien d' apoeipe tees hegetora pompes.] l. 4. p. 128.

[1155] Eusebius. P. E. l. 1. c. 10. p. 40.

[1156] Appian de Bello Syriac. p. 125.

Stephanus. Oropus.

[1157] Pliny. l. 5. c. 25.

[1158] Isidorus Characenus, apud Georgr. Vet. v. 2.

[1159] Clemens Alexand. l. 5. p. 680.

[1160] See D'Anville's Map of Syria.

[1161] Bochart Geog. Sacra. l. 4. p. 305.

[1162] Judges. c. 3. v. 1, 3.

[1163] Genesis. c. 10. v. 17.

[1164] Joshua. c.9. v. 3. and 7.

[1165] Joshua. c. 15. v. 9. and c. 18. v. 25, 26.

[1166] Eusebii. Chron. p. 27.

[1167] Cadmus is called [Greek: Kadmon]. Steph. Byzant. [Greek: Illuria]. Berkelius has altered it to [Greek: Kadmos], though he confesses, that it is contrary to the evidence of every Edition and MSS.

[1168] Concerning Hivite Colonies, see backward. vol. 2. p. 207.

[1169] Diodorus Sic. l. 5. p. 327. 329.

[1170] Ibid.

[1171] Pausanias. l. 1. p. 83.

There was Oropia as well as Elopia in Euboea. Steph. Byzant. Oropus in Macedonia. Ibid. Also in Syria: Orobii Transpadani. Europus near Mount Haemus. Ptolemy. Europa in Epirus. Ibid.

[1172] Strabo. l. 9. p. 619.

[1173] Suidas. Epaminondas.

[1174] Pausanias. l. 10. p. 863.

[1175] Both Menelaus and Agamemnon were antient titles of the chief Deity. The latter is supposed to have been the same as Zeus, AEther, and Coelus. He seems to have been worshipped under the symbol of a serpent with three heads. Hence Homer has given to his hero of this name a serpent for a device, both upon his breastplate, and upon his baldrick.

[Greek: Tes d' ex argureos telamon en, autar ep' autoi] [Greek: Kuaneos elelikto drakon; kephalai de hoi esan] [Greek: Treis amphistephees, henos auchenos ekpephuuiai.] Iliad. [Lambda]. v. 38.

[1176] Pausanias. l. 1. p. 40. Strabo. l. 7. p. 499.

Aornon, and an oracular temple in Thesprotia. Pausanias. l. 9. p. 768.

[1177] [Greek: Kai en Aiguptoi Akanthos, Memphidos apechousa stadious triakosious eikosi;—esti de he Athamanias.] Steph. Byzant.

[1178] [Greek: Eita meta touton eisin OREITAI legomenoi.] Dicaearchus. Geog. Vet. vol. 2. p. 3. v. 45.

[1179] L. 2. c. 57, 58.

[1180] [Greek: Kata Bouthroton Phoinike.] Strabo. l. 7. p. 499. It was a place of great note. Polybius. l. 1. p. 94, 95.

[1181] Caesar de Bello Civili. l. 3. c. 6.

[1182] Lucan. l. 5. v. 458.

[1183] [Greek: Komaras.] Strabo. l. 7. p. 500. The same observable in India-Petra Aornon near Comar. Arrian. Exped. p. 191. and Indic. p. 319.

[1184] Steph. Byzant.

[1185] [Greek: Tekmon polis Thesproton.] Steph. Byzant. See T. Livius. l. 45. c. 26.

[1186] 2 Samuel. c. 23. v. 8. In our version rendered the Tachmonite, chief among the captains.

[1187] Victoria ad Comum parta. T. Livius. l. 33. c. 36.

[1188] Gurtler. l. 2. p. 597.

[1189] Also a city Conope, by Stephanus placed in Acarnania.

[1190] Antoninus Liberalis. c. 12. p. 70. A city Conopium was also to be found upon the Palus Maeotis. Steph. Byzant.

[1191] Plin. l. 3. c. 16. The Cadmians of Liguria came last from Attica and Boeotia: hence we find a river Eridanus in these parts, as well as in the former country. [Greek: Potamoi de Athenaiois rheousin Heilissos te, kai Eridanoi toi Keltikoi kata auta onoma echon. k. l.] Pausan. l. 1. p. 45.

[1192] Vol. 1. p. 376.

[1193] Lucan. l. 3. v. 187. The same is mentioned by the poet Dionysius.

[Greek: Keinon d au peri kolpon idois perikudea tumbon,] [Greek: Tumbon, hon Harmonies, Kadmoio te phemis enispei,] [Greek: Keithe gar eis Ophion skolion genos ellaxanto.] v. 390.

[1194] Geog. Vet. vol. 1. p. 9. Here were [Greek: Petrai Plagtai].

[1195] Nonni Dionys. l. 44. p. 1144.

[1196] Nonnus. l. 25. p. 646.

[1197] [Greek: Laineen poiese korussomenen Ariadnen.] Nonnus. l. 44. p. 1242.

[1198] Pausan. l. 9. p. 743.

[1199] See Goltius, Vaillant, and Suidas, [Greek: Herakles].

[1200] [Greek: —— lithois chorion periechomenon logasin Opheos kalousin hoi Thebaioi kephalen.] Pausan. l. 9. p. 747.

[1201] Pausan. l. 7. p. 579.

[1202] [Greek: Timas theon anti agalmaton eichon argoi lithoi.] Ibid.

[1203] [Greek: Kadmos Phoinix lithotomian exeure, kai metalla chrusou ta peri to Pankaion epenoesen oros.] Clemens. Strom. l. 1. p. 363. See Natalis Comes of Cadmus.

[1204] Nonnus. Dionys. l. 4. p. 128.

[1205] Clemens. Alex. l. 6. p. 753.

[1206] Styled [Greek: paides Heliou] by Diodorus. l. 5. p. 327.

[1207] Diodorus. l. 5. p. 328.

[1208] Herodotus. l. 2. c. 109.

[1209] [Greek: E ton Thoraion, Ptoon, Oriten, theon.] Lycophron. v. 352.

[1210] Scholiast. Ibid.

[1211] Strabo. l. 10. p. 683.

[1212] Quaestiones Graecae. p. 296.

[1213] Strabo. l. 10. p. 685.

[1214] Harpocration.

[1215] Strabo. l. 10. p. 683. Polybius. l. 11. p. 627.

[1216] [Greek: En tei Oriai kaloumenei tes Histiaiotidos.] Strabo. l. 10. p. 683.

Oria is literally the land of Ur.

[1217] Strabo. l. 10. p. 683. He mentions a domestic quarrel among some of this family, and adds, [Greek: tous Oritas—polemoumenous hupo ton Ellopieon], that the Oritae were attacked by the Ellopians.

[1218] Antoninus Liberalis. c. 25. p. 130.

[1219] [Greek: He Huria de tes Tanagrikes nun esti, proteron de tes Thebaidos, hopou ho Hurios memutheutai, kai he tou Orionos genesis.] Strabo. l. 9. p. 620. He is called [Greek: Hurieus] by Euphorion. See Homer. [Sigma]. Scholia. v. 486.

[1220] [Greek: Esti kai Orionos mnema en Tanagra.] Pausan. l. 9. p. 749.

[1221] [Greek: Esti d' he men Huria pros ton Euripon.] Steph. Byzant.

[1222] Pausanias. l. 2. p. 181.

[1223] Europus is the same as Oropus, and signifies Orus Pytho. Ops, Opis, Opus, Opas, all signify a serpent. Zeus was the same as Orus and Osiris; hence styled Europus, and Europas; which Homer has converted to [Greek: Euruopas], and accordingly styles Jupiter [Greek: Euruopa Zeus.]

[1224] Pausanias. l. 3. p. 245. [Greek: einai de autous Huraiou paidas.]

[1225] L. 2. c. 4. p. 87.

[1226] Nonnus. l. 4. p. 136.

[1227] [Greek: O gar de chronos ekeinos enenken anthropous cheiron men ergois, kai podo tachesi, kai somaton rhomais, hos eoiken, huperphuous, kai akamatous.] Plutarch. in Theseo. p. 3.

[1228] [Greek: Esti de kai phulon ti ton Chaldaion, kai chora tes Babulonias hup' ekeinon oikoumene, plesiazousa kai tois Arapsi, kai te kata Persas legomene thalattei. Esti de kai ton Chaldaion ton Astronomikon gene pleio; kai gar Orchenoi tines prosagoreuontai.] Strabo. l. 16. p. 1074.

[1229] Lucian de Astrolog. p. 987.

[1230] [Greek: Chous, ex hou Aithiopes.] Euseb. Chron. p. 11.

[1231] [Greek: Polon men gar, kai gnomona, kai ta duodeka merea tes hemeres para Babulonion emathon Hellenes.] l. 2. c. 109.

[1232] L. 1. p. 32.

[1233] Nonnus. l. 1. p. 38.

[1234] Romae Inscriptio Vetus.

[Greek: TOIS NOMIOIS THEOIS.] Gruter. xcii. n. 4.

[1235]

Omne benignum Virus odoriferis Arabum quod doctus in arvis Aut Amphrysiaco Pastor de gramine carpsi. Statii Sylv. l. 1. Soteria. v. 104.

[1236] [Greek: Rea, henika Poseidona eteke, ton men es poimnen katathesthai, diaiten entautha hexonta meta ton arnon.] Pausan. l. 8. p. 6l3.

[1237] Scholia in Lycophron. v. 879.

[1238] Pausanias. l. 4. p. 337. So also says Eustathius. [Greek: Hoi de phasi ton ekei Dia Ammona klethenai apo tinos homonumou Poimenos, prokatarxantos tes tou Hierou hidruseos.] Schol. in Dionys. v. 211.

[1239] Apollonius Rhodius. l. 2. v. 515.

The same Poet of the nymph Cyrene.

[Greek: Entha d' Aristaion Phoiboi teken, hon kaleousin] [Greek: Agrea, kai Nomion poluleioi Haimonieeis] l. 2. v. 568.

[1240] Syncellus. p. 156.

[1241] Homer. Odyss. l. 1. Pastor Polyphemus of Virgil.

[1242] Macrobii Saturn. l. 1. c. 21. p. 210.

[1243] Hyginus. Fab. 68. Euri, and Eueris Filius. He is by Theocritus styled [Greek: Mantis Euereides.] Idyl. 24. v. 70.

[1244] Nonni Dionys. l. 40. p. 1038.

[1245] Herodotus. l. 2. c. 128.

[1246] Cleanthes [Greek: peri Thromachias], quoted by Plutarch de Flum. [Greek: Phasis.]

[1247] Plutarch de Flum. [Greek: Ismenos.]

[1248] Herodotus. l. 5. c. 61.

[1249] Plut. de Fluv. Inachus.

[1250] Virgil. AEneid. l. 7. v. 678.

[1251] T. Livius. l. 1. c. 7.

[1252] Virgil. l. 8. v. 198.

[1253] [Greek: He Poimandris estin he aute tei Tanagrikei.] Strabo. l. 9. p. 619.

[1254] [Greek: Poimandria polis Boiotias, he kai Tanagra kaloumene.] Schol. Lycoph. v. 326. [Greek: Poimandria] is by some interpreted mulctrale: but that was not the original purport of the word.

[1255] Hermes Trismegistus, sive [Greek: Poimandres].

[1256] Syncellus. p. 126. Eusebius. Chron. p. 24.

[1257] By which are meant the Syrians, Arabians, and Armenians. [Greek: To men gar ton Armenion ethnos, kai to ton Suron, kai ton Arabon pollen homophulian emphainei kata te ten dialekton, kai tous bious, kai tous ton somaton charakteras ktl.—eikazein de dei kai tas ton ethnon touton katonomasias emphereis allelais einai.] Strabo. l. 1. p. 70.

[1258] Zonaras. l. 1. p. 21.

[1259] Tacitus. Hist. l. 5. c. 2.

[1260] It should perhaps be proximas urbes. The same history is alluded to by Eusebius. [Greek: Epi Apidos tou Phoroneos moira tou Aiguption stratou exepesen Aiguptou, hoi en Palaistine kaloumene Suriai ou porrho Arabias okesai.] Euseb. Chron. p. 26.

[1261] Lucian de Dea Syria.

[1262] They were in each country styled the mourning for Thamas, and Thamuz.

[1263] [Greek: Echousi de kai allo Phoinikes Hiron, ouk Assurion, alla Aiguption, to ex Helioupolios es ten Phoiniken apiketo. kl.] Lucian de Dea Syria.

[1264] In Boetica they were called Oritani. Strabo. l. 8. p. 204.

There were Oritae in Epirus. Dicaearchus status Graeciae. [Greek: Meta touton eisin Oreitai.] p. 4. v. 45.

Oritae in Persis. Arrian. l. 4. c. 26. also in Gedrosia. See Auctor Peripli Maris Erythraei.

[Greek: Pros ton dusin tou Indou potamou Oritai.] Schol. Dionys. v. 1095. [Greek: Oritai ethnos Indikon.] Steph. Byzant. There were Oritae in Persis, hard by the Cutha of Josephus. Ant. l. 9. c. 4. and c. 15.

[1265] Clemens. Alexand. Strom. l. 1. p. 382.

[1266] Diodorus Siculus. l. 1. p. 24.

[1267] Ex Diodori. l. xl. apud Photium. p. 1152.

[1268] A similar account is given by the same author. l. 1. p. 24.

[1269] Zonaras. v. 1. p. 22. Also Syncellus. p. 102.

[1270] He is very full upon this head. Contra Apion. l. 1. p. 443. and 444.

[1271] Plato. Critias. vol. 3. p. 110.

[1272] Legatio. p. 279.

[1273] [Greek: Kai apo ton onomaton de enion to barbaron emphainetai. Kekrops, kai Kodros, kai Aiklos] (read [Greek: Arklos]) [Greek: kai Kothos. k. l.] l. 7. p. 495.

* * * * *

Corrections made to printed original.

(Cahen, near ref. 93) [Greek: anthereones]: '[Greek: antheriones]' in original

(ibid., near ref. 99) instances: 'intances' in original

(Chus, near ref. 110) [Greek: poluchrusos]: '[Greek: polochrusos]' in original

(ibid., near ref. 145) represented: 'respresented' in original

(Canaan, near ref. 193) Aristotle: 'Asistotle' in original

(Temple Science, near ref. 210) [Greek: geographikon]: '[Greek: geographikon]' in original

(ibid., near ref. 228) [Greek: periaugous]: '[Greek: eriaugous]' in original

(Tar, near ref. 226) [Greek: toi ge]: no space in original

(Tit, near ref. 316) worshipped a serpent: 'woshipped a sepent' in original

(Cuclopes, near ref. 607) [Greek: Akmonidan]: '[Greek: Lkmonidan]' in original

(Temple Rites, near ref. 647) [Greek: kataschisthenta]: '[Greek: kataschithenta]' in original

(ibid., near ref. 660) [Greek: ten (anthropon)]: '[Greek: tee]' in original

(Hippa, near ref. 694) [Greek: chremetismos]: '[Greek: chrematismos]' in original

(Damater, near ref. 763) [Greek: epekertomei]: '[Greek: epekeratomei]' in original

(Campe, near ref. 773) taken: duplicated over page end in original

(Myrina, near ref. 823) [Greek: aipeia]: '[Greek: aipuia]' in original

(Ninus, near ref. 912) period (after 'all to be crucified'): comma in original

(ibid., near ref. 916) title: 'titled' in original

(Zoroaster, near ref. 1005) analogous: 'analagous' in original

(Cadmus, near ref. 1142) country: 'county' in original

(ibid., near ref. 1237) [Greek: mathematikos]: '[Greek: mathematekos]' in original

(ibid., near ref. 1264) Phenicia,: repeated word (on 2 lines) in original

(Note 1.) soliti suos: 'solitei sos' in original

(Note 50.) [Greek: thaptesthai]: '[Greek: thappesthai]' in original

(Note 226.) corde: 'codre' in original

(Note 229.) [Greek: eueklostoio]: dialytika on [Greek: e] in original

(Note 401.) [Greek: kai 'go]: no space in original

(Note 534.) Theologico: 'Tehologico' in original

(Note 538.) [Greek: dunasteusai]: '[Greek: dunastusai]' in original

(Note 552.) [Greek: erem']: apostrophe printed as comma in original

(Note 752.) [Greek: tes (Alopes)]: '[Greek: tks]' in original

(Note 781.) sollerti: 'solerti' in original

(Note 803.) [Greek: kataschesin]: '[Greek: kataschsein]' in original

(Note 854.) [Greek: (Argeiou) Herakleous]: '[Greek: Heerakleous]' in original

(Note 1136.) l. 3. Sec.. 7.: 'l. Sec.. c. 7.' in original, cf. previous note

(Note 1175.) [Greek: kephalai]: '[Greek: kephelai]' in original

(Note 1177.) [Greek: eikosi]: only '[Greek: ikosi]' legible in scan (at start of line)

THE END