DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION

CENTENNIAL 1876-1976

Facsimile reprinted

by

Forest Press Division Lake Placid Educational Foundation

* * *

Printed and Bound Kingsport Press, Inc. KINGSPORT, TENNESSEE



A

CLASSIFICATION

AND

SUBJECT INDEX

FOR

CATALOGUING AND ARRANGING

THE

BOOKS AND PAMPHLETS

OF A

LIBRARY.

* * * * *

AMHERST, MASS. 1876.



COPYRIGHTED

1876

MELVIL DEWEY



PREFACE.

The plan of the following Classification and Index was developed early in 1873. It was the result of several months' study of library economy as found in some hundreds of books and pamphlets, and in over fifty personal visits to various American libraries. In this study, the author became convinced that the usefulness of these libraries might be greatly increased without additional expenditure. Three years practical use of the system here explained, leads him to believe that it will accomplish this result; for with its aid, the catalogues, shelf lists, indexes, and cross-references essential to this increased usefulness, can be made more economically than by any other method which he has been able to find. The system was devised for cataloguing and indexing purposes, but it was found on trial to be equally valuable for numbering and arranging books and pamphlets on the shelves.

The library is first divided into nine special libraries which are called Classes. These Classes are Philosophy, Theology, &c., and are numbered with the nine digits. Thus Class 9 is the Library of History; Class 7, the Library of Fine Art; Class 2, the Library of Theology. These special libraries or Classes are then considered independently, and each one is separated again into nine special Divisions of the main subject. These Divisions are numbered from 1 to 9 as were the Classes. Thus 59 is the 9th Division (Zoology) of the 5th Class (Natural Science). A final division is then made by separating each of these Divisions into nine Sections which are numbered in the same way, with the nine digits. Thus 513 is the 3d Section (Geometry) of the 1st Division (Mathematics) of the 5th Class (Natural Science). This number, giving Class, Division, and Section, is called the Classification or Class Number, and is applied to every book or pamphlet belonging to the library. All the Geometries are thus numbered 513, all the Mineralogies 549, and so throughout the library, all the books on any given subject bear the number of that subject in the scheme. Where a 0 occurs in a class number, it has its normal zero power. Thus, a book numbered 510, is Class 5, Division 1, but no Section. This signifies that the book treats of the Division 51 (Mathematics) in general, and is not limited to any one Section, as is the Geometry, marked 513. If marked 500, it would indicate a treatise on Science in general, limited to no Division. A zero occurring in the first place would in the same way show that the book is limited to no Class. The classification is mainly made by subjects or content regardless of form; but it is found practically useful to make an additional distinction in these general treatises, according to the form of treatment adopted. Thus, in Science we have a large number of books treating of Science in general, and so having a 0 for the Division number. These books are then divided into Sections, as are those of the other Classes according to the form they have taken on. We have the Philosophy and History of Science, Scientific Compends, Dictionaries, Essays, Periodicals, Societies, Education, and Travels,—all having the common subject, NATURAL SCIENCE, but treating it in these varied forms. These form distinctions are introduced here because the number of general works is large, and the numerals allow of this division, without extra labor for the numbers from 501 to 509 would otherwise be unused. They apply only to the general treatises, which, without them, would have a class number ending with two zeros. A Dictionary of Mathematics is 510, not 503, for every book is assigned to the most specific head that will contain it, so that 503 is limited to Dictionaries or Cyclopedias of Science in general. In the same way a General Cyclopedia or Periodical treats of no one class, and so is assigned to the Class 0. These books treating of no special class, but general in their character, are divided into Cyclopedias, Periodicals, etc. No difficulty is found in following the arithmetical law and omitting the initial zero, so these numbers are printed 31, 32, etc., instead of 031, 032, etc.

The selection and arrangement of the thousand headings of the classification cannot be explained in detail for want of space. In all the work, philosophical theory and accuracy have been made to yield to practical usefulness. The impossibility of making a satisfactory classification of all knowledge as preserved in books, has been appreciated from the first, and nothing of the kind attempted. Theoretical harmony and exactness has been repeatedly sacrificed to the practical requirements of the library or to the convenience of the department in the college. As in every scheme, many minor subjects have been put under general heads to which they do not strictly belong. In some cases these headings have been printed in a distinctive type, e. g., 429 Anglo-Saxon, under ENGLISH PHILOLOGY. The rule has been to assign these subjects to the most nearly allied heads, or where it was thought they would be most useful. The only alternative was to omit them altogether. If any such omission occurs, it is unintentional and will be supplied as soon as discovered. Wherever practicable the heads have been so arranged that each subject is preceded and followed by the most nearly allied subjects and thus the greatest convenience is secured both in the catalogues and on the shelves. Theoretically, the division of every subject into just nine heads is absurd. Practically, it is desirable that the classification be as minute as possible without the use of additional figures, and the decimal principle on which our scheme hinges allows nine divisions as readily as a less number. This principle has proved wholly satisfactory in practice though it appears to destroy proper co-ordination in some places. It has seemed best in our library to use uniformly three figures in the class number. This enables us to classify certain subjects very minutely, giving, for example, an entire section to Chess. But the History of England has only one section, as our scheme is developed, and thus the two might be said to be co-ordinated. The apparent difficulty in such cases is entirely obviated by the use of a fourth figure, giving nine sub-sections to any subject of sufficient importance to warrant closer classification. In history where the classification is made wholly by countries, a fourth figure is added to give a division into periods. As the addition of each figure gives a ten-fold division, any desired degree of minuteness may be secured in the classing of special subjects. The apparent lack of co-ordination arises from the fact that only the first three figures of these more important heads are as yet printed, the fourth figure and the sub-sections being supplied on the catalogues in manuscript. Should the growth of any of these sub-sections warrant it, a fifth figure will be added, for the scheme admits of expansion without limit.

The arrangement of headings has been sometimes modified to secure a mnemonic aid in numbering and finding books without the Index. For instance, the scheme is so arranged that China has always the number 1. In Ancient History, it has the first section, 931: in Modern History, under Asia, it has 951: in Philology, the Chinese language appears as 491. After the same manner the Indian number is 2; Egyptian, 4; English, 2; German, 3; French, 4; Italian, 5; Spanish, 6; European, 4; Asian, 5; African, 6; North American, 7; South American, 8; and so for all the divisions by languages or countries. The Italian 5, for instance, will be noticed in 35, 55, 450, 755, 850, and 945. This mnemonic principle is specially prominent in Philology and Literature and their divisions, and in the form distinctions used in the first 9 sections of each class. Materials, Methods, or Theory occurring anywhere as a head, bears always the number 1. Dictionaries and Cyclopedias, 3; Essays, 4; Periodicals, 5; Associations, Institutions, and Societies, 6; Education, 7; Collections, 9. In the numerous cases where several minor heads have been grouped together under the head Other, it always bears the number 9. Wherever practicable, this principle is carried out in sub-dividing the sections. For instance, the Geology of North America, which bears the number 557 is sub-divided by adding the sections of 970 (History of North America). The Geology of Mexico then bears the number 5578: mnemonically, the first 5 is the Science number; the second 5, Geology; the 7, North America; and the 8, Mexico. Any library attendant or reader after using the scheme a short time will recognize at a glance, any catalogue or ledger entry, book or pamphlet, marked 5578 as something on the Geology of Mexico. Users of the scheme will notice this mnemonic principle in several hundred places in the classification, and will find it of great practical utility in numbering and finding books without the aid of Catalogue or Index, and in determining the character of any book simply from its call number as recorded on the book, on all its catalogue and cross reference cards, on the ledger, and in the check box.

In naming the headings, brevity has been secured in many cases at the sacrifice of exactness. It was thought more important to have short, familiar titles for the headings than that the names given should express with fullness and exactness the character of all books catalogued under them. Many subjects, apparently omitted, will be found in the Index, assigned, with allied subjects, to a heading which bears the name of the most important only. Reference to this Subject Index will decide at once any doubtful points.

In arranging books in the classification, as in filling out the scheme, practical usefulness has been esteemed the most important thing. The effort has been to put each book under the subject to the student of which it would be most useful. The content or the real subject of which a book treats, and not the form or the accidental wording of the title, determines its place. Following this rule, a Philosophy of Art is put with Art, not with Philosophy; a History of Mathematics, with Mathematics, not with History; for the philosophy and history are simply the form which these books have taken. The true content or subject is Art, and Mathematics, and to the student of these subjects they are most useful. The predominant tendency or obvious purpose of the book, usually decides its class number at once; still many books treat of two or more different subjects, and in such cases it is assigned to the place where it will be most useful, and underneath the class number are written the numbers of any other subjects on which it also treats. These Cross References are given both on the plate and the subject card as well as on the cross reference card. If a book treats of a majority of the sections of any division, it is given the Division number instead of the most important Section number with cross references.

Collected works, libraries, etc., are either kept together and assigned like individual books to the most specific head that will contain them; or assigned to the most prominent of the various subjects on which they treat with cross references from the others; or are separated and the parts classed as independent works. Translations are classed with their originals.

The Alphabetical Subject Index is designed to guide, both in numbering and in finding the books. In numbering, the most specific head that will contain the book having been determined, reference to that head in the Index will give the class number to which it should be assigned. In finding books on any given subject, reference to the Index will give the number under which they are to be sought on the shelves, in the Shelf Catalogue, or in the Subject Catalogue. The Index gives after each subject the number of the class to which it is assigned. Most names of countries, towns, animals, plants, minerals, diseases, &c, have been omitted, the aim being to furnish an Index of Subjects on which books are written, and not a Gazetteer or a Dictionary of all the nouns in the language. Such subjects will be found as special chapters or sections of books on the subjects given in the Index. The names of individual subjects of biographies will be found in the Class List of Biography. Omissions of any of the more general subjects will be supplied when brought to notice.

In arranging the books on the shelves, the absolute location by shelf and book number is wholly abandoned, the relative location by class and book number being one of the most valuable features of the plan. The class number serves also as the location number and the shelf number in common use is entirely dispensed with. Accompanying the class number is the book number, which prevents confusion of different books on the same subject. Thus the first Geometry catalogued is marked 513-1; the second 513-2, and so on to any extent, the last number showing how many books the library has on that subject. The books of each section are all together, and arranged by book numbers, and these sections are also arranged in simple numerical order throughout the library. The call number 513-11 signifies not the 11th book on shelf 513; or alcove 5, range 1, shelf 3, as in most libraries, but signifies the 11th book in subject 513 or the 11th Geometry belonging to the library. In finding the book, the printed numbers on the backs are followed, the upper being the class and the lower the book number. The class is found in its numerical order among the classes as the shelf is found in the ordinary system: the book in its numerical order in the class. The shelves are not numbered, as the increase of different departments, the opening of new rooms, and any arrangement of classes to bring the books most circulated nearest to the delivery desk, will bring different class numbers on a given shelf. New books as received are numbered and put into place, in the same way that new titles are added to the card catalogue.

The single digit occasionally prefixed to the book number, e.g. the 3 in 421-3-7 is the nearest height in decimeters of books too large to be put on the regular library shelves, which are only 2-1/2 decimeters apart. The great mass of the library consists of 2-decimeter books, the size numbers of which are omitted. Books from 2-1/2 to 3-1/2 decimeters in height have 3 prefixed to the book number, and are found on the bottom shelf of each range. The larger sizes are prefixed with 4, 5, &c., and are found on the special shelves provided, in order to avoid the great waste of space otherwise occasioned by the relative location. By this use of the size numbers a close economy of space is secured.

Thus all the books on any given subject are found standing together, and no additions or changes ever separate them. Not only are all the books on the subject sought, found together, but the most nearly allied subjects precede and follow, they in turn being preceded and followed by other allied subjects as far as practicable. Readers not having access to the shelves find the short titles arranged in the same order on the Shelf Catalogue, and the full titles, imprints, cross references, notes, &c., on the Subject Catalogue. The uncatalogued pamphlets treating of any subject bear the same class number and are arranged on the shelves immediately after the books of each section.

In both the Authors' Catalogue and the Subject Index, brevity has been studied because of the economy, but more because of the much greater ease of reference to a short title catalogue. The custom of giving full titles, etc., under authors, and only references or very brief titles under subjects, has been reversed. A reader seeking a book of a known author, in the vast majority of cases, wants simply the number by which to call for it, and can find it much sooner in a brief title catalogue. In the rare cases where more is needed the class number refers instantly to all these facts on the cards. On the other hand, a reader seeking books on a known subject, needs the full title, imprint, cross-references, and notes, to enable him to choose the book best suited to his wants.

The Subject Catalogue is a full title Shelf List on cards and is for the use of the public. The Shelf List is a short title Subject Catalogue in book form, made of separate sheets laced into an Emerson binder, and is for official use. We thus have without extra labor, both full and short title Subject Catalogues and Shelf Lists. The public Authors' Catalogue is a printed volume; the official Authors' Catalogue or Index is on cards. As a result each of the public Catalogues is checked by an official Catalogue; each of the card Catalogues by a book Catalogue; each of the brief title catalogues by a full title catalogue—an advantage that will be appreciated by all librarians desiring accuracy of administration and catalogues.

The Arabic numerals can be written and found more quickly, and with less danger of confusion or mistake, than any other symbols whatever. Therefore the Roman numerals, capitals and small letters, and similar symbols usually found in systems of classification are entirely discarded and by the exclusive use of Arabic numerals in their regular order throughout the shelves, classifications, indexes, catalogues and records, there is secured the greatest accuracy, economy, and convenience. This advantage is specially prominent in comparison with systems where the name of the author or the title must be written in calling for or charging books and in making references.

Throughout the catalogues the number of a book shows not only where it is but what it is. On the library accounts the character of each person's reading is clearly indicated by the numbers charged, and the minutest statistics of circulation in any subject are made by simply counting the call slips in the check box, and recording the number against the class number in the record.

By the use of size numbers the greatest possible economy of space may be secured, for the size distinction may be made for every inch or even less if desired, and this without additional labor, as it will be seen that the size figure, when introduced, requires one less figure in the book number, and so does not increase the number of digits as would at first appear.

Parts of sets, and books on the same or allied subjects, are never separated as they are sure to be, sooner or later, in every library arranged on the common plan, unless it be frequently re-arranged and re-catalogued. The great expense of this re-cataloguing makes it impracticable except for a few very wealthy libraries. In this system the catalogue and book numbers remain unchanged through all changes of shelving, buildings, or arrangement. In addition to its own peculiar merits, this plan has all the advantages of the card catalogue principle and of the relative location, which have been used and very strongly approved by prominent libraries.

As in the card catalogue system, there is room for indefinite expansion without devices or provisions. Space is the only requisite and if the shelf room is exhausted, the floor space is equally good, except for the inconvenience of stooping.

Some prominent opponents of classed catalogues have admitted that the Subject Index, in deciding where to class a book at first, and where to look for it ever afterwards, has removed their strongest objections. Certainly it would be impossible to make an Index more cheaply or more easy of reference, it being a single alphabet, of single words, followed by single numbers.

These class numbers applied to pamphlets have proved specially satisfactory. The number is written on the upper left corner and the pamphlets are arranged either in pamphlet cases with the books on the same subject or on special shelves divided every decimeter by perpendicular sections. As each pamphlet is examined when received into the library, it is the work of a single moment to pencil on it its class number. There is no expense whatever incurred, and yet the entire pamphlet resources of the library on any subject can be produced almost instantly. The immense advantages of this plan over those in common use, both in economy and usefulness, will be appreciated by every librarian caring for a pamphlet collection. A catalogue of authors may be made on slips if desired. The pamphlets themselves are the best Subject Catalogue.

Though designed wholly for library use, the plan has proved of great service in preserving newspaper clippings in large envelopes arranged by class numbers; and more especially in taking the place of the common note-book and Index Rerum. Slips of uniform size are used with the class number of the subject written on the corner. Minute alphabetical headings are used under each class number, the slips being arranged in numerical order like the Subject Card Catalogue. Clippings and notes arranged in this way are at all times their own complete index, and have the same advantages over the common scrap and note-books that the Subject Catalogue has over the Accessions Book, in looking up the resources of the library on any given subject. Those who have tried this method are so enthusiastic in its praise that it seemed worthy of mention in this place.

The plan was adopted in the Amherst College Library in 1873, and the work of transferring the entire library to the new catalogue at once commenced. It was found entirely practicable to make the change gradually, as means allowed, without interfering in any appreciable degree with the circulation of the books. The three years trial to which it has been there subjected has more than justified the claims of its friends, and it is now printed with the more confidence on this account. It has been kept in manuscript up to this time, in order that the many minor details might be subjected to actual trial and modified where improvement was possible. The labor involved in preparing the Classification and Index has been wholly beyond the appreciation of any who have never attempted a similar task. Much valuable aid has been rendered by specialists in many departments, and nearly every member of the Faculty has given advice from time to time. Among the many to whom thanks are due, special mention should be made of Mr. C.A. Cutter, the librarian of the Boston Athenaeum, and Mr. John Fiske, of the Harvard University library, for valuable suggestions and appreciative criticism. While these friends are in no way responsible for any remaining imperfections in the scheme, they should have credit for many improvements which have been made during these three years of revision. The essential character of the plan has remained unchanged from the first. Doubtless other improvements are still possible, and it is hoped that users of the scheme will call attention to any proposed change in the naming or arrangement of the headings, or to any omission which should be supplied in the Subject Index.

Before printing, the plan was submitted to quite a number of librarians for criticism. Among the hundreds of points raised as to its practical workings and usefulness there was only one in which it was not shown to be equal or superior to any other system known. This objection applied only to the arrangement on the shelves; not at all to the catalogues or indexes. It was, that in this relative location, a book which this year stands, e.g., at the end of a certain shelf; may not be on that shelf at all another year, because of the uneven growth of the parts of the library. This slight objection inheres in any system where the books are arranged by subjects rather than by windows, doors, shelves, and similar non-intellectual distinctions.

In this hurriedly prepared account of his plan, the author has doubtless failed to meet many objections which may be raised and which he could easily answer. He would therefore ask the privilege of replying personally to any such objections, where they arise, believing that it will be possible to answer, if not all, at least a very large proportion.

In his varied reading, correspondence, and conversation on the subject, the author doubtless received suggestions and gained ideas which it is now impossible for him to acknowledge. Perhaps the most fruitful source of ideas was the Nuovo Sistema di Catalogo Bibliografico Generale of Natale Battezzati, of Milan. Certainly he is indebted to this system adopted by the Italian publishers in 1871, though he has copied nothing from it. The plan of the St. Louis Public School Library, and that of the Apprentices' Library of New York, which in some respects resemble his own, were not seen till all the essential features were decided upon, though not given to the public. In filling the nine classes of the scheme the inverted Baconian arrangement of the St. Louis Library has been followed. The author has no desire to claim original invention for any part of his system where another has been before him, and would most gladly make specific acknowledgment of every aid and suggestion were it in his power to do so. With these general explanations and acknowledgments he submits the scheme, hoping it may prove as useful to others as it has to himself.

AMHERST COLLEGE LIBRARY,

June 10th, 1876.

* * * * *

Those interested will find fuller explanations and remarks in the Library volume now being printed by the Bureau of Education at Washington.



(GENERAL) PHILOSOPHY, THEOLOGY, SOCIOLOGY, PHILOLOGY, NATURAL SCIENCE, USEFUL ARTS, FINE ARTS, LITERATURE, HISTORY.



DIVISIONS.



(GENERAL)

= 0= 10 BIBLIOGRAPHY. 20 BOOK RARITIES. 30 GENERAL CYCLOPEDIAS. 40 POLYGRAPHY. 50 GENERAL PERIODICALS. 60 GENERAL SOCIETIES. 70 80 90

100 Philosophy. 110 METAPHYSICS. 120 130 ANTHROPOLOGY. 140 SCHOOLS OF PSYCHOLOGY. 150 MENTAL FACULTIES. 160 LOGIC. 170 ETHICS. 180 ANCIENT PHILOSOPHIES. 190 MODERN PHILOSOPHIES.

200 Theology. 210 NATURAL THEOLOGY. 220 BIBLE. 230 DOCTRINAL THEOLOGY. 240 PRACTICAL AND DEVOTIONAL. 250 HOMILETICAL AND PASTORAL. 260 INSTITUTIONS AND MISSIONS. 270 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 280 CHRISTIAN SECTS. 290 NON-CHRISTIAN RELIGIONS.

300 Sociology. 310 STATISTICS. 320 POLITICAL SCIENCE. 330 POLITICAL ECONOMY. 340 LAW. 350 ADMINISTRATION. 360 ASSOCIATIONS AND INSTITUTIONS. 370 EDUCATION. 380 COMMERCE AND COMMUNICATION. 390 CUSTOMS AND COSTUMES.

400 Philology. 410 COMPARATIVE. 420 ENGLISH. 430 GERMAN. 440 FRENCH. 450 ITALIAN. 460 SPANISH. 470 LATIN. 480 GREEK. 490 OTHER LANGUAGES.

500 Natural Science. 510 MATHEMATICS. 520 ASTRONOMY. 530 PHYSICS. 540 CHEMISTRY. 550 GEOLOGY. 560 PALEONTOLOGY. 570 BIOLOGY. 580 BOTANY. 590 ZOOLOGY.

600 Useful Arts. 610 MEDICINE. 620 ENGINEERING. 630 AGRICULTURE. 640 DOMESTIC ECONOMY. 650 COMMUNICATION AND COMMERCE. 660 CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY. 670 MANUFACTURES. 680 MECHANIC TRADES. 690 BUILDING.

700 Fine Arts. 710 LANDSCAPE GARDENING. 720 ARCHITECTURE. 730 SCULPTURE. 740 DRAWING AND DESIGN. 750 PAINTING. 760 ENGRAVING. 770 PHOTOGRAPHY. 780 MUSIC. 790 AMUSEMENTS.

800 Literature. 810 TREATISES AND COLLECTIONS. 820 ENGLISH. 830 GERMAN. 840 FRENCH. 850 ITALIAN. 860 SPANISH. 870 LATIN. 880 GREEK. 890 OTHER LANGUAGES.

900 History. 910 GEOGRAPHY AND DESCRIPTION. 920 BIOGRAPHY. 930 ANCIENT HISTORY. 940 EUROPE. } 950 ASIA. } 960 AFRICA. } Modern. 970 NORTH AMERICA. } 980 SOUTH AMERICA. } 990 OCEANICA AND POLAR REGIONS. }



(GENERAL)

= 0= 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

= 10 Bibliography.= 11 General Bibliographies. 12 Special Forms. 13 Manuscripts. 14 Anonyms, Pseudonyms, &c. 15 Special Countries. 16 Special Subjects. 17 Subject Catalogues. 18 Authors' Catalogues. 19 Library Economy and Reports.

= 20 Book Rarities.= 21 Manuscripts. 22 Block Books. 23 Early Printed. 24 Celebrated Printers. 25 Celebrated Binders. 26 Materials. 27 Ownership. 28 Prohibited. 29 Other.

= 30 General Cyclopedias.= 31 American. 32 English. 33 German. 34 French. 35 Italian. 36 Spanish. 37 Slavic. 38 Scandinavian. 39 Other.

= 40 Polygraphy.= 41 American. 42 English. 43 German. 44 French. 45 Italian. 46 Spanish. 47 Slavic. 48 Scandinavian. 49 Other.

= 50 General Periodicals.= 51 American. 52 English. 53 German. 54 French. 55 Italian. 56 Spanish. 57 Slavic. 58 Scandinavian. 59 Other.

= 60 General Societies.= 61 American. 62 English. 63 German. 64 French. 65 Italian. 66 Spanish. 67 Slavic. 68 Scandinavian. 69 Other.

= 70= 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79

= 80= 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89

= 90= 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99



PHILOSOPHY.

100 Philosophy. 101 102 Compends. 103 Dictionaries. 104 Essays. 105 Periodicals. 106 Societies. 107 Education. 108 109 History.

110 Metaphysics. 111 Ontology. 112 Methodology. 113 Cosmology. 114 115 116 117 118 119

120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129

130 Anthropology. 131 Mental physiology and hygiene. 132 Mental derangements. 133 Delusions, witchcraft, magic. 134 Mesmerism. 135 Sleep, dreams, somnambulism. 136 Sexes. 137 Temperaments. 138 Physiognomy. 139 Phrenology.

140 Schools of Psychology. 141 Idealistic. 142 Critical. 143 Intuitive. 144 Empirical. 145 Sensational. 146 Materialistic. 147 Pantheistic. 148 Eclectic. 149 Other.

150 Mental Faculties. 151 Intellect. 152 Sense. 153 Understanding. 154 Memory. 155 Reason. 156 Imagination. 157 Susceptibility. 158 Instincts. 159 Will.

160 Logic. 161 Inductive. 162 Deductive. 163 Assent. 164 165 166 167 168 169

170 Ethics. 171 Theoretical. 172 State. 173 Family. 174 Business. 175 Amusements. 176 Sexual. 177 Social. 178 Temperance. 179 Other.

180 Ancient Philosophies. 181 Oriental. 182 Early Greek. 183 Sophistic and Socratic. 184 Platonic. 185 Aristotelian. 186 Pyrrhonist and New Platonist. 187 Epicurean. 188 Stoic. 189 Patristic.

190 Modern Philosophies. 191 Scotch and American. 192 English. 193 German. 194 French. 195 Italian. 196 Spanish. 197 Arabian. 198 Scholastic. 199 Other.



THEOLOGY

200 Theology. 201 Philosophy. 202 Compends. 203 Dictionaries. 204 Essays. 205 Periodicals. 206 Societies. 207 Education. 208 209 History.

210 Natural Theology. 211 Theism and Atheism. 212 Pantheism. 213 Creation. 214 Providence. 215 Religion and science. 216 Evil. 217 Prayer. 218 Future Life. 219

220 Bible. 221 Old Testament. 222 Historical books. 223 Poetical books. 224 Prophetical books. 225 New Testament. 226 Gospels and Acts. 227 Epistles. 228 Apocalypse. 229 Apocrypha.

230 Doctrinal. 231 God. 232 Christ. 233 Man. 234 Salvation. 235 Angels. 236 Death and resurrection. 237 Future state. 238 Inspiration. 239 Apologetics.

240 Practical and Devotional. 241 Didactic. 242 Meditative. 243 Hortatory. 244 Ritual. 245 Hymnology. 246 Public worship. 247 Social worship. 248 Private worship. 249 Religious fiction and anecdote.

250 Homiletical and Pastoral. 251 Homiletics. 252 Sermons. 253 Doctrinal. 254 Practical. 255 Religion and Science. 256 Political. 257 Ordination. 258 Expository. 259 Commemorative.

260 Institutions and missions. 261 Church. 262 Ecclesiastical polity. 263 Sabbath. 264 Baptism. 265 Lord's Supper. 266 Missions. 267 Foreign. 268 Sunday schools. 269 Revivals.

270 Ecclesiastical History. 271 Religious orders. 272 Persecutions. 273 Doctrines. 274 Europe. 275 Asia. 276 Africa. 277 North America. 278 South America. 279 Oceanica.

280 Christian Sects. 281 Oriental. 282 Roman Catholic. 283 English and Protestant Episcopal. 284 Presbyterian. 285 Congregational. 286 Baptist. 287 Methodist. 288 Unitarian and Universalist. 289 Other Christian sects.

290 Non-Christian Religions. 291 Comparative mythology. 292 Greek and Roman mythology. 293 Norse mythology. 294 Brahmanism and Buddhism. 295 Parseeism. 296 Judaism. 297 Mohammedanism. 298 Mormonism. 299 Other.



SOCIOLOGY.

300 Sociology. 301 Philosophy. 302 Compends. 303 Dictionaries. 304 Essays. 305 Periodicals. 306 Societies. 307 308 309 History.

310 Statistics. 311 Methods. 312 Progress of population. 313 Progress of civilization. 314 Europe. 315 Asia. 316 Africa. 317 North America. 318 South America. 319 Oceanica.

320 Political Science. 321 Patriarchal Institutions. 322 Feudal Institutions. 323 Monarchic Institutions. 324 Republican Institutions. 325 Colonies and Emigration. 326 Slavery. 327 Foreign and Domestic relations. 328 Legislative annals. 329 Political essays and speeches.

330 Political Economy. 331 Capital and labor. 332 Banks and money. 333 Stocks, rents, and income. 334 Credit and interest. 335 Communism. 336 Public funds and taxation. 337 Protection and free trade. 338 Production. 339 Pauperism.

340 Law. 341 International. 342 Constitutional and administrative. 343 Statute and common. 344 Equity. 345 Criminal. 346 Maritime. 347 Martial. 348 Civil and Canon. 349 Evidence and Forms of practice.

350 Administration. 351 Civil Service. 352 Treasury. 353 Interior. 354 Police. 355 Army. 356 Infantry. 357 Cavalry. 358 Artillery. 359 Navy.

360 Associations and Institutions. 361 Charitable. 362 Religious. 363 Political. 364 Reformatory and Sanitary. 365 Prisons. 366 Secret Societies. 367 Trades Unions. 368 Insurance. 369 Other.

370 Education. 371 Teachers, methods, and discipline. 372 Elementary. 373 Higher. 374 Self-education. 375 Classical and real. 376 Female. 377 Religious and secular. 378 Schools and Colleges. 379 Reports.

380 Commerce, Communication. 381 Domestic trade. 382 Foreign trade. 383 Post office. 384 Telegraph. 385 Railroad and express. 386 Canal transportation. 387 River and ocean transportation. 388 City transit. 389 Weights and measures.

=390 Customs and Costumes. 391 Ancient. 392 Medieval. 393 Modern. 394 Europe. 395 Asia. 396 Africa. 397 North America. 398 South America. 399 Oceanica.



PHILOLOGY.

400 Philology. 401 Philosophy. 402 Compends. 403 Dictionaries. 404 Essays. 405 Periodicals. 406 Societies. 407 Education. 408 Universal Language. 409 History.

410 Comparative. 411 Orthography. 412 Etymology. 413 Dictionaries. 414 Phonology. 415 Grammar. 416 Prosody. 417 Inscriptions. 418 Texts. 419 Hieroglyphics.

420 English. 421 Orthography. 422 Etymology. 423 Dictionaries. 424 Synonyms. 425 Grammar. 426 Prosody. 427 Dialects. 428 Texts. 429 Anglo-Saxon.

430 German. 431 Orthography. 432 Etymology. 433 Dictionaries. 434 Synonyms. 435 Grammar. 436 Prosody. 437 Dialects. 438 Texts. 439 Dutch and Low German.

440 French. 441 Orthography. 442 Etymology. 443 Dictionaries. 444 Synonyms. 445 Grammar. 446 Prosody. 447 Dialects. 448 Texts. 449 Old French, Provencal.

450 Italian. 451 Orthography. 452 Etymology. 453 Dictionaries. 454 Synonyms. 455 Grammar. 456 Prosody. 457 Dialects. 458 Texts. 459 Romansh and Wallachian.

460 Spanish. 461 Orthography. 462 Etymology. 463 Dictionaries. 464 Synonyms. 465 Grammar. 466 Prosody. 467 Dialects. 468 Texts. 469 Portuguese.

470 Latin. 471 Orthography. 472 Etymology. 473 Dictionaries. 474 Synonyms. 475 Grammar. 476 Prosody. 477 Dialects. 478 Texts. 479 Medieval Latin.

480 Greek. 481 Orthography. 482 Etymology. 483 Dictionaries. 484 Synonyms. 485 Grammar. 486 Prosody. 487 Dialects. 488 Texts. 489 Modern Greek.

490 Other Languages. 491 Chinese. 492 Egyptian. 493 Semitic. 494 Indian. 495 Iranian. 496 Keltic. 497 Slavic. 498 Scandinavian. 499 Other.



NATURAL SCIENCE.

500 Natural Science. 501 Philosophy. 502 Compends. 503 Dictionaries. 504 Essays. 505 Periodicals. 506 Societies. 507 Education. 508 Travels. 509 History.

5l0 Mathematics. 511 Arithmetic. 512 Algebra. 513 Geometry. 514 Trigonometry. 515 Conic sections. 516 Analytical geometry. 517 Calculus. 518 Quaternions. 519 Probabilities.

520 Astronomy. 521 Theoretical. 522 Practical. 523 Descriptive. 524 Maps. 525 Observations. 526 Figure of the earth. 527 Navigation. 528 Almanacs. 529 Chronology.

530 Physics. 531 Mechanics. 532 Hydrostatics. 533 Pneumatics. 534 Acoustics. 535 Optics. 536 Heat. 537 Electricity. 538 Magnetism. 539 Molecular physics.

540 Chemistry. 541 Theoretical. 542 Experimental. 543 Analysis. 544 Qualitative. 545 Quantitative. 546 Inorganic. 547 Organic. 548 Crystallography. 549 Mineralogy.

550 Geology. 551 Physical Geography, Meteorology. 552 Lithology. 553 Dynamical geology. 554 Europe. 555 Asia. 556 Africa. 557 North America. 558 South America. 559 Oceanica.

560 Paleontology. 561 Plants. 562 Invertebrates. 563 Protozoa and Radiates. 564 Mollusca. 565 Articulates. 566 Vertebrates. 567 Fishes. 568 Reptiles and Birds. 569 Mammals.

570 Biology. 571 Prehistoric Archaeology. 572 Ethnology. 573 Natural History of Man. 574 Homologies. 575 Evolution. 576 Embryology. 577 Spontaneous generation. 578 Microscopy. 579 Collectors' Manuals.

580 Botany. 581 Physiological. 582 Systematic. 583 Ornamental. 584 Europe. 585 Asia. 586 Africa. 587 North America. 588 South America. 589 Oceanica.

590 Zoology. 591 Comparative Anatomy. 592 Invertebrates. 593 Protozoa and Radiates. 594 Mollusca. 595 Articulates. 596 Vertebrates. 597 Fishes. 598 Reptiles and Birds. 599 Mammals.



USEFUL ARTS.

600 Useful Arts. 601 Philosophy. 602 Compends. 603 Dictionaries. 604 Essays. 605 Periodicals. 606 Societies. 607 Education. 608 Patents. 609 History.

610 Medicine. 611 Anatomy. 612 Physiology. 613 Hygiene. 614 Public health. 615 Materia medica and therapeutics. 616 Pathology, theory and practice. 617 Surgery and dentistry. 618 Obstetrics and sexual science. 619 Veterinary medicine.

620 Engineering. 621 Mechanical. 622 Topographical. 623 Military. 624 Bridge. 625 Road and railroad. 626 Canal. 627 Harbor. 628 Hydraulic and mining. 629 Instruments and field books.

630 Agriculture. 631 Soil and preparation. 632 Pests and hindrances. 633 Productions of the soil. 634 Fruits. 635 Garden. 636 Domestic animals. 637 Dairy. 638 Bees and silkworm. 639 Fishing, trapping.

640 Domestic Economy. 641 Cookery. 642 Confectionery. 643 Food and dining. 644 Fuel and lights. 645 Furniture. 646 Clothing and toilet. 647 Servants. 648 Laundry. 649 Nursery and sick-room.

650 Communication, Commerce. 651 Writing. 652 Penmanship. 653 Short hand. 654 Telegraphy. 655 Printing. 656 Navigation and transportation. 657 Book-keeping. 658 Business manuals. 659 Other.

660 Chemical Technology. 661 Chemicals. 662 Pyrotechnics. 663 Wines, liquors, and ales. 664 Sugar, salt, starch, etc. 665 Gas. 666 Glass. 667 Dyeing and bleaching. 668 Assaying. 669 Metallurgy.

670 Manufactures. 671 Metals. 672 Iron. 673 Marble, stone, and brick. 674 Wood. 675 Leather and rubber. 676 Paper. 677 Textile fabrics. 678 Cotton. 679 Other.

680 Mechanic Trades. 681 Watch and instrument-making. 682 Blacksmithing. 683 Lock and gun-making. 684 Carriage and cabinet-making. 685 Saddlery and shoe-making. 686 Book-binding. 687 Clothes-making. 688 689 Other.

690 Building. 691 Materials. 692 Plans and specifications. 693 Masonry. 694 Carpentry. 695 Slating and tiling. 696 Plumbing. 697 Warming and ventilation. 698 Painting, glazing, and paper-hanging. 699 Car and Ship-building.



FINE ARTS.

700 Fine Arts. 701 Philosophy. 702 Compends. 703 Dictionaries. 704 Essays. 705 Periodicals. 706 Societies. 707 Education. 708 Galleries. 709 History.

710 Landscape Gardening. 711 Parks. 712 Private grounds. 713 Walks and drives. 714 Water. 715 Trees and hedges. 716 Plants and flowers. 717 Arbors. 718 Monuments. 719 Cemeteries.

720 Architecture. 721 Architectural construction. 722 Ancient and Oriental. 723 Medieval. 724 Modern. 725 Public buildings. 726 Church. 727 School. 728 Domestic and rural. 729 Of special countries.

730 Sculpture. 731 Materials and methods. 732 Ancient. 733 Greek and Roman. 734 Medieval. 735 Modern. 736 Carving. 737 Numismatics. 738 Pottery and bronzes. 739 Collections.

740 Drawing and Design. 741 Free-hand. 742 Perspective. 743 Art anatomy. 744 Mathematical drawing. 745 Ornamental design. 746 Ancient. 747 Medieval. 748 Modern. 749 Collections.

750 Painting. 751 Materials and methods. 752 Color. 753 Flemish and Dutch Schools. 754 French. 755 Italian. 756 Other schools. 757 Portrait. 758 Landscape. 759 Collections.

760 Engraving. 761 Wood. 762 Steel and Copper. 763 Lithography. 764 Chromolithography. 765 Line and Stipple. 766 Mezzotint and Aquatint. 767 Etching. 768 Bank Note and Machine. 769 Collections.

770 Photography. 771 Materials. 772 Ambrotype and Daguerreotype. 773 Photograph. 774 Heliotype, Albertype, etc. 775 Photolithography. 776 Stereoscopic. 777 Portrait. 778 Landscape. 779 Collections.

780 Music. 781 Theory. 782 Dramatic. 783 Church. 784 Vocal. 785 Instrumental. 786 Piano and Organ. 787 Stringed instruments. 788 Wind instruments. 789 Associations and institutions.

790 Amusements. 791 Entertainments. 792 Theatre. 793 In-door amusements. 794 Chess. 795 Other games. 796 Out-door sports. 797 Boating and ball. 798 Horsemanship and racing. 799 Fishing, hunting, shooting.



LITERATURE.

800 Literature. 801 Philosophy. 802 Compends. 803 Dictionaries. 804 Essays. 805 Periodicals. 806 Societies. 807 808 809 History.

810 Treatises and Collections. 811 Poetry. 812 Drama. 813 Romance. 814 Essays. 815 Rhetoric and oratory. 816 Letters. 817 Satire. 818 Humor. 819 Miscellany.

820 English Literature. 821 English Poetry. 822 English Drama. 823 English Romance. 824 English Essays. 825 English Oratory. 826 English Letters. 827 English Satire. 828 English Humor. 829 English Miscellany.

830 German Literature. 831 German Poetry. 832 German Drama. 833 German Romance. 834 German Essays. 835 German Oratory. 836 German Letters. 837 German Satire. 838 German Humor. 839 German Miscellany.

840 French Literature. 841 French Poetry. 842 French Drama. 843 French Romance. 844 French Essays. 845 French Oratory. 846 French Letters. 847 French Satire. 848 French Humor. 849 French Miscellany.

850 Italian Literature. 851 Italian Poetry. 852 Italian Drama. 853 Italian Romance. 854 Italian Essays. 855 Italian Oratory. 856 Italian Letters. 857 Italian Satire. 858 Italian Humor. 859 Italian Miscellany.

860 Spanish Literature. 861 Spanish Poetry. 862 Spanish Drama. 863 Spanish Romance. 864 Spanish Essays. 865 Spanish Oratory. 866 Spanish Letters. 867 Spanish Satire. 868 Spanish Humor. 869 Spanish Miscellany.

870 Latin Literature. 871 Latin Poetry. 872 Dramatic. 873 Epic. 874 Lyric. 875 Latin Oratory. 876 Latin Letters. 877 Latin Satire. 878 Latin Philosophy. 879 Latin History.

880 Greek Literature. 881 Greek Poetry. 882 Dramatic. 883 Epic. 884 Lyric. 885 Greek Oratory. 886 Greek Letters. 887 Greek Humor. 888 Greek Philosophy. 889 Greek History.

890 Other Languages. 891 Chinese. 892 Egyptian. 893 Semitic. 894 Indian. 895 Iranian. 896 Keltic. 897 Slavic. 898 Scandinavian. 899 Other.



HISTORY.

900 History. 901 Philosophy. 902 Compends, chronology. 903 Dictionaries. 904 Essays. 905 Periodicals. 906 Societies. 907 Education. 908 Charts. 909 Universal Histories.

910 Geography and Description. 911 Historical. 912 Ancient. 913 Modern. 914 Europe. 915 Asia. 916 Africa. 917 North America. 918 South America. 919 Oceanica and Polar Regions.

920 Biography. 921 Of philosophy. 922 Of theology. 923 Of sociology. 924 Of philology. 925 Of science. 926 Of useful arts. 927 Of fine arts. 928 Of literature. 929 Genealogy and Heraldry.

930 Ancient History. 931 Chinese. 932 Egyptian. 933 Jewish. 934 Indian. 935 Persian. 936 Keltic. 937 Roman. 938 Greek. 939 Other.

940 Europe. 941 Scotland and Ireland. 942 England. 943 Germany and Austria. 944 France. 945 Italy. 946 Spain and Portugal. 947 Russia. 948 Scandinavia. 949 Other.

950 Asia. 951 China. 952 Japan. 953 Arabia. 954 India. 955 Persia. 956 Turkey in Asia. 957 Siberia. 958 Afghanistan. 959 Other.

960 Africa. 96l North Africa. 962 Egypt and Nubia. 963 Abyssinia. 964 Morocco. 965 Algeria. 966 Central Africa. 967 Guinea. 968 South Africa. 969 Other.

970 North America. 971 British America. 972 Canada. 973 United States and Territories. 974 Eastern. 975 Middle. 976 Southern. 977 Western. 978 Mexico. 979 Other.

980 South America. 981 Brazil. 982 Argentine Republic. 983 Chili. 984 Bolivia. 985 Peru. 986 New Granada. 987 Venezuela. 988 Guiana. 989 Other.

990 Oceanica and Polar Regions. 991 Malaysia. 992 Sunda. 993 Australasia. 994 Australia. 995 New Guinea. 996 Polynesia. 997 Isolated islands. 998 Arctic regions. 999 Antarctic regions.



SUBJECT INDEX.

* * * * *

Find the subject in this Alphabetical INDEX. The number following it is its Class Number. The entire resources of the library on this subject will be found under this number either in the Subject Catalogue, the Shelf Catalogue, or on the shelves.

Where a class number ends in a cipher, the subject will be found, on reference to the prefixed classification, to be subdivided.

* * * * *



Abolition 326 Aborigines North America 970 Abortion 618 Abyssinia 963 Abyssinia language 493 Academies 378 Academies of science 506 Accounts 657 Acoustics 534 Acrostics 819, 829, 839, etc. Acts and Resolves 328 Acts of the Apostles 226 Addresses 815, 825, 835, etc. Administration 350 Administrative law 342 Admiralty Law 346 Adultery 176, 345 Advent, second 236 Aeronautics 533 AEsthetics 701 AEthiopia 966 Afghanistan 958 Africa—-botany 586 customs and costumes 396 description 916 ecclesiastical history 276 geography 916 geology 556 history 960 statistics 316 travels 916 Agricultural chemistry 631 Agriculture 630 Air 533 Alabama 976 Alaska 977 Albania 949 Albertypes 774 Albigenses 272, 944 Alchemy 540 Alcoholic liquors 178, 615, 663 Ales 663 Algae 582 Algebra 512 Algeria 965 Aliens 343 Allegories 819, 829, 839, etc. Almanacs 528 Almanacs statistical 313 Alphabets 411, 421, 431, etc. Alphabets ornamental 745-748 Ambassadors 341 Ambrotype 772 America North 970 botany 587 customs and costumes 397 description 917 ecclesiastical history 277 geography 917 geology 557 history 970 statistics 317 travels 917 America South 980 botany 588 customs and costumes 398 description 918 ecclesiastical history 278 geography 918 geology 558 history 980 statistics 318 travels 918 American languages 499 American painting 756 American philosophy 191 American revolution 973 Americanisms 427 Amherst College 378 Amputation 617 Amusements 175, 790 Ana, anagrams 819, 829, 839, etc. Analysis, chemical 543 Analysis, qualitative 544 Analysis, quantitative 545 Analytical geometry 516 Anatomy, art 743 Anatomy, comparative 591 Anatomy, human 611 Ancient architecture 722 Ancient customs, costumes 391 Ancient design 746 Ancient geography 912 Ancient history 930 Ancient philosophies 180 Ancient sculpture 732 Anecdote, Religious 249 Aneurism 617 Angels 235 Anglican church 283 Angling 799 Anglo-Saxon history 942 Anglo-Saxon language 429 Animal magnetism 134 Animal kingdom 590 Animals, domestic 636 Animalcula 593 Annuities 333 Anonyms 14 Antarctic regions 999 Antarctic regions travels 919 Anthropology 130 Anti-Masonry 366 Antinomianism 234 Antiquities, see subject or country. Aphorisms 819, 829, 839, etc. Apocalypse 228 Apocrypha 229 Apologetics 239 Apoplexy 616 Apostles 922 Apostolic church 274-276 Apostolic succession 262 Apothegms 819, 829, 839, etc. Apparitions 133 Apples 634 Aquariums 590 Aquatint 766 Aqueducts 628 Arabia, ancient history 939 Arabia, modern 953 Arabian language 493 Arabian philosophy 197 Arboriculture 715 Arbors 717 Archaeology, prehistoric 571 Archery 799 Architects, lives 927 Architectural drawing 744 Architecture 720 Architecture naval 699 Arctic regions 998 Arctic regions travels 919 Argentine republic 982 Arianism 281, 232 Aristotelian philosophy 185 Arithmetic 511 Arizona 977 Arkansas 976 Armenia 956 Armies 355 Arminianism 287, 234 Armor 355 Art anatomy 743 Art biography 927 Art education 707 Art schools 753-756 Artesian wells 628 Articulates, paleontology 565 Articulates, zoology 595 Artillery 358 Artists' lives 927 Arts, fine 700 Arts, fine biography of 927 Arts, useful 600 Arts, useful biography of 926 Ashantee 967 Ashantee geography 916 Asia 950 botany 585 customs and costumes 395 ecclesiastical history 275 geography 915 geology 555 history 950 statistics 315 travels 915 Asia Minor 956 Assassination 345 Assault and battery 345 Assaying 668 Assent 163 Associations 360 Associations musical 789 Assurance 368 Assyria 935 Assyrian language 493 Asthma 616 Astrology 133 Astronomical maps 524 Astronomical observations 525 Astronomy 520 Atheism 211 Athletic sports 796 Atlases 910 Atmosphere 533 Atonement 234 Aurora 537, 551 Australasia 993 Australia 994 Austria 943 Authority 171 Authors' lives 928 Autobiography, see Biography. Azores 946

Babylon 935 Backgammon 795 Baconian philosophy 192 Ball playing 797 Ballads, see Poetry. Ballooning 533 Banditti 345, 366 Bank Note Engraving 768 Bankrupt laws 343 Banks 332 Baptism 264 Baptists 286 Barbary States 961 Barometer 533, 551 Bas-reliefs 731 Base ball 797 Basque language 499 Basque provinces 946 Baths 613 Bavaria 943 Beauty 701 Beer 663 Bees 638 Beetles 595 Beets 635 Beets sugar 664 Belgium 949 Belles-lettres 800 Bell-ringing 785 Bells 671 Bermudas 971 Bible 220 Bible dictionaries, etc. 220 Bible in schools 377 Bible societies 362 Bibliographies 11 Bibliographies— Special countries 15 Special forms 12 Special subjects 16 Bibliography 10 Billiards 795 Biography 920 Biology 570 Birds 598 Birds palaeontology 568 Births 312 Blacksmithing 682 Bleaching 667 Blindness 616 Block books 22 Blowpipe 543 Blue laws 343 Boating 797 Boats 797, 699 Bokhara 959 Bolivia 984 Bonds and stocks 333 Bones 611 Books 10, 20 Book binding 10, 25, 686 Book collecting 10 Book keeping 657 Book rarities 20 Booksellers' catalogues 17, 18 Boot-making 685, 675 Botany 580 Botany fossil 561 Botany medical 615 Brahmanism 294 Brandy 615, 663 Brazil 981 Breviaries 244 Brewing 663 Bricks 673 Bridge-building 624 Brigands 345, 366 British America 971 British Columbia 972 British India 954 British Museum 369 Britons 942, 941 Bronchitis 616 Bronzes 738 Buccaneers 345, 366 Buddhism 294 Buenos Ayres 982 Building 690 Burial 390, 614, 719 Burmah 954 Business ethics 174 Business manuals 658 Butter 637 Butterflies 595 Byzantine Empire 949

Cabinet making 684 Calabria 945 Calculators 511 Calculus 517 Caledonia 941 California 977 Calisthenics 613 Caloric 536 Calvinism 234 Cambists 332 Cambria 942 Cameos 736 Canada 972 Canal engineering 626 Canal transit 386 Canary Isles 946 Cancer 616 Canon law 348 Capital and labor 331 Capital punishment 345 Car-building 699 Card-playing 795 Caribbee Islands 989 Caricatures 741 Carpentry 694 Carriage making 684 Carthage 939 Carving 643 Carving and chasing 736 Cashmere 954 Castille 946 Casts 730 Casuistry 171 Catalogues—Authors 18 Catalogues—Books 12-18 Catalogues—Libraries 12-18 Catalogues—Subjects 17 Catarrh 616 Catechisms 241 Cathedrals 726 Catholic Church 282 Cattle 636 Caucuses 324 Cavalry 357 Caves 551 Celibacy 136, 176 Celtic language 496 Celtic literature 896 Celts 936 Cements 693 Cemeteries 719 Censuses 310 Central Africa 966 Central America 979 Ceramic art 673, 738 Cetacea 599 Ceylon 954 Chaldee language 493 Chances 519 Charades 795 Charitable associations 361 Charts, history 908 Chasing 736 Checkers 795 Cheese 637 Chemical agriculture 631 Chemical analysis 543 Chemical technology 660 Chemicals—manufacture 661 Chemistry 540 Chess 794 Childbirth 618 Chili 983 Chimneys 693 China, ancient 931 China, modern 951 Chinese language 491 Chinese literature 891 Chinese religion 299 Chivalry 322 Chloroform 615, 617, 618 Cholera 616 Christ 232 Christian doctrines 230 Christian fathers 270 Christian institutions 260 Christian sects 280 Christianity, evidences 239 Christianity, history 270-289 Christmas customs 390 Christology 232 Chromolithography 764 Chronologies 902 Chronology 529 Church 261 Church architecture 726 Church of England 283 Church fathers 270 Church history 270-289 Church music 783 Church polity 262 Church of Rome 282 Church and state 261, 172, 329 Circassia 947 Circumnavigations 910 Citizenship 342 City transit 388 Civil engineering 620 Civil law 348 Civil service organs 351 Civil service regulations 351 Civilization—progress 313 Clairvoyance 134 Classical education 375 Classics, Greek 488, 880 Classics, Latin 478, 870 Classification 112 Clergy, lives of 922 Climatology 551, 536 Clinics 610 Clock-making 681 Clothes-making 687 Clothing 646 Clubs 369 Coal 549, 644 Coast survey 622 Coats of arms 929 Cochin China 951 Co-education 376 Coffee 641, 633 Coinage 332 Coins 737 Coleoptera 595 Collections, art 708 drawing and design 749 engraving 769 painting 759 photography 779 sculpture 739 Collectors' manuals 579 Colleges 378 Collieries 628 Colombia, S.A. 986 Colonies 325 Color 535 Colors, painting 752 Coloring 667 Comedy, see Drama. Comets 523 Comic works, see Humor. Commemorative sermons 259 Commentaries, Bible 220 Commentaries, law 340 Commerce 380 Commercial law 343 Common law 343 Common schools 372 Communication 380, 650 Communion 265 Communism 335 Comparative anatomy 591 Comparative mythology 291 Comparative philology 410 Compass 629, 538, 527 Compends— fine arts 702 history 902 literature 802 natural science 502 philology 402 philosophy 102 science 502 sociology 302 theology 202 useful arts 602 Composition 815 Composition of music 781 Comte's philosophy 194, 145 Conchology 594 Concordances of Bible 220 Confectionery 642 Confessional 282 Congregationalism 285 Conic sections 515 Connecticut 974 Conscience 170, 233 Conservatories of music 789 Constitution, English 323 Constitution, United States 324 Constitutional law 342 Construction, architectural 721 Consuls 327 Consumption 616 Contagion 614 Contracts 343 Convents 362, 271 Conversation 177 Cookery 641 Co-operation 331 Copper 671, 549 Copper engraving 762 Coptic language 492 Copyright 343 Corals 593 Corea 959 Corn laws 347, 343 Cornices 721 Coroners 343 Corporal punishment 371 Corporations 360 Correction, houses of 364 Correlation of forces 530 Correspondence 816 Corsica 944 Cosmetics 646 Cosmogony 113 Cosmology 113 Cossacks 947 Costa Rica 979 Costumes 390 Cottages 728 Cotton manufactures 678 Cotton planting 633 Cotton trade 381, 382 Councils 262, 270 Courts martial 347 Cousin's philosophy 194 Covenanters 274, 941 Cows 636, 637 Cranberries 634 Crayoning 741 Creation 213 Credit 334 Creeds 244, 280 Cremation 614, 390 Crete 949 Cricket 796 Crimea 947 Crimes and punishments 345 Criminal law 345 Critical psychology 142 Criticism—literary, see Essays. Crocheting 793 Croquet 796 Croup 616 Crusades 274, 940 Crustacea 595 Cryptogamia 582 Crystallography 548 Cuba 979 Currency 332 Curvilinear motion 531 Customs and duties 337 Customs and manners 390 Cyclopaedias, general 30

Daguerreotype 772 Dairy 637 Dancing 793 Danish 498 Darwinism 575 Deaf and dumb institutions 361 Deafness 616 Death 612 Death and resurrection 236 Death penalty 345 Debates 815 Decimal system 511 Decimal weights & measures 389 Decorative art 745-748 Deductive logic 162 Deism 211 Delaware 975 Delusions 133 Democracy 324 Demonology 133 Denmark 948 Denominations, Christian 280 Dentistry 617 Depravity 233, 216 Derangement, mental 132 Descarte's philosophy 194 Descriptive astronomy 523 Descriptive geometry 744 Design and drawing 740 Design ornamental 745-8 Despotism 321 Detectives 354 Deuteronomy 222 Development theory 575 Devil 235 Devotional theology 240 Dew 551 Dialectics 160 Dialects— English 427 French 447 German 437 Greek 487 Italian 457 Latin 477 Spanish 467 Diamonds 552 Dictionaries— comparative 413 English 423 fine art 703 French 443 German 433 Greek 483 history 903 Italian 453 Latin 473 literature 803 natural science 503 philology 403 philosophy 103 science 503 sociology 303 Spanish 463 theology 203 useful arts 603 Didactic theology 241 Die-making 736 Diet 613 Differential calculus 517 Digestion 612 Digests 343 Dining 643 Diphtheria 616 Diplomacy 327, 341 Diplomatics 10, 21 Directories 910 Discipline, education 371 Diseases 616 Disinfection 614 Dispensatories 615 Dissection 611 Dissenters 289, 283 Distillation 663 District of Columbia 976 Divorce 343, l73 Doctrinal history 273 Doctrinal sermons 253 Doctrinal theology 230 Dogs 599, 636 Domestic animals 636 Domestic architecture 728 Domestic economy 640 Domestic and foreign relations 327 Domestic medicine 615 Domestic trade 381 Domestic worship 248 Dominos 795 Drainage 631, 614 Drama, general treatises 812 Drama, English 822 Drama, French 842 Drama, German 832 Drama, Greek 882 Drama, Italian 852 Drama, Latin 872 Drama, Spanish 862 Dramatic amusements 792 Dramatic music 782 Draughts 795 Drawing 740 Drawing-books 741 Dreams 135 Dress 646 Dress making 646 Drives 713 Driving 798 Drugs 615 Druids 299 Duelling 177, 345, 392 Dutch language 439 Dutch painting 753 Dutch Reformed Church 289 Dutch Republic 949 Duties 170 Duties and customs 337 Dyeing 667 Dynamical electricity 537 Dynamical geology 553 Dynamics 531 Dysentery 616 Dyspepsia 616

Ear diseases 616 Early Greek philosophy 182 Earth 551 Earth figure of 526 Earthquakes 553 East Indies 954 Easter 244 Eastern church 281 Eastern States 974 Ecclesiastical history 270 Ecclesiastical polity 262 Echinoderms 593 Eclectic medicine 616 Eclectic psychology 148 Eclipses 523 Economy, domestic 640 Economy, political 330 Ecuador 989 Education 370 Education fine arts 707 Education history 907 Education natural sciences 507 Education philology 407 Education philosophy 107 Education science 507 Education theology 207 Education useful arts 607 Educational institutions 378 Educational reports 379 Egypt, ancient 932 Egypt, modern 962 Egyptian language 492 Egyptian literature 892 Election sermons 256 Elections 324 Electricity 537 Electro-magnetism 538 Eleemosynary institutions 361 Elementary education 372 Elgin marbles 733 Elocution 815 Emancipation 326 Embalming 390 Embargo 346, 341 Emblems 219 Embryology 576 Emigration 325 Empirical psychology 144 Enamel painting 751 Encaustic painting 751 Encyclopaedias, general 30 Engineering 620 Engineering instruments 629 England, history 942 English church 283 English dialects 427 English dictionaries 423 English etymology 422 English government 323 English grammar 425 English language 420 English literature 820 English orthography 421 English painting 756 English philology 420 English philosophy 192 English prosody 426 English sculpture 735 English synonyms 424 English texts 428 Engraving 760 Enigmas 819, 829, 839, etc. Entertainments 791 Enthusiasm 137 Entomology 595 Entozoa 595 Epics 811, 821, 831, etc. Epics Greek 883 Epics Latin 873 Epicurean philosophy 187 Epidemics 614 Epigrams 819, 829, 839, etc. Episcopal church 283 Epistles, Bible 227 Epistolography 816, 826, etc. Epitaphs 929 Equador 989 Equestrian exercise 798 Equipments of armies 355 Equipments of navies 359 Equity 344 Eschatology 236 Esquimaux 979, 998 Essays, English literature 824 Essays, fine arts 704 Essays, French 844 Essays, general treatises 814 Essays, German 834 Essays, history 904 Essays, Italian 854 Essays, literature 804 Essays, natural science 504 Essays, philology 404 Essays, philosophy 104 Essays, political 329 Essays, science 504 Essays, sociology 304 Essays, Spanish 864 Essays, theology 204 Essays, useful arts 604 Etching 767 Etherization 617 Ethics 170 Ethiopia 966 Ethnography 390 Ethnology 572 Etiquette 177 Etruria 937 Etymologies, comparative 412 Etymologies, English 422 Etymologies, French 442 Etymologies, German 432 Etymologies, Greek 482 Etymologies, Italian 452 Etymologies, Latin 472 Etymologies, Spanish 462 Eucharist 265 Eulogies 920, 259 Europe—botany 584 customs and costumes 394 ecclesiastical history 274 geography 914 geology 554 history 940 statistics 314 travels 914 Evidence (law) 349 Evidences of Christianity 239 Evil 216 Evolution 575 Exchange 332 Excise 336 Exegesis 220 Exhibitions, art 708 Exodus 222 Experimental Chemistry 542 Explorations 910 Expository sermons 258 Express companies 385 Eye, diseases 616 Eye, functions 612

Fables 819, 829, 839, etc. Facetiae 819, 829, 839, etc. Fairy tales 813, 823, 833 etc. Faith 234, 163 Family 173 Family medicines 616 Family worship 247 Fanaticism 133 Farces 828, 838, etc., 791 Farming 630 Farriery 682 Fashion 177 Fasts 244 Fatalism 159 Fathers of the church 270 Fauna 590 Feasts 244 Federalism 324 Female education 376 Female seminaries 378 Fencing 796 Ferns 582 Fetichism 299 Feudal institutions 322 Fevers 616 Fiction, see Romance. Field books, engineering 629 Field sports 796-799 Figure of the earth 526 Filibusters 363, 345, 978 Final causes 113 Finances 330 Fine arts 700 biography of 927 Finland 947 Finno-Hungarian language 499 Fire arms 355, 683 Fire departments 369 Fire engines 621 Fire insurance 368 Fire works 662 Fishes 597 Fishes palaeontology 567 Fisheries 639 Fishing 799 Flags 929 Flanders 949 Flax 633, 677 Flemish painting 753 Flies 595 Flora 584-589 Florence 945 Florida 976 Flower garden 716, 583 Flowers 580 Fluxions 517 Folk-lore 291-293 Food 643 Foreign missions 267 Foreign relations 327 Foreign trade 382 Forgery 345 Form book 349 Fortification 623 Fortune-telling 133 Fossils 560 Founderies 671 Foundling hospitals 361 Fountains 714 Fowling 799 Fowls 636 Fractures 617 France 944 Franchise 324 Franciscans 271 Franconia 943 Franco-Prussian war 943, 944 Free-hand drawing 741 Freemasonry 366 Free trade 337 Freewill 159 French language 440 French language old 449 French literature 840 French painting 754 French philosophy 194 French revolution 944 French sculpture 735 Fresco painting 751 Friction 531 Friends, Society of 289 Friendship 157 Fruit culture 634 Fuel 644 Funds and funding 336 Funeral sermons 259 Funerals 390 Furniture 645 Future life 218 Future state 237

Galleries of art 708 drawing and design 749 engraving 769 painting 759 photography 779 sculpture, etc. 739 Galvanism 537 Gambling 175 Game laws 345 Games 793-7 Gardening 635 Gardening Landscape 710 Gas-fitting 696 Gas lighting 665, 644 Gas making 665 Gastronomy 641 Gauging 389 Gazetteers 910 Gem engraving 736 Gems 549 Genealogy 929 Generation, Spontaneous 577 Genesis 222 Genoa 945 Geodesy 526 Geography 910 Geography Africa 916 Geography ancient 912 Geography Asia 915 Geography Europe 914 Geography historical 911 Geography modern 913 Geography N. America 917 Geography physical 551 Geography S. America 918 Geography travels 910 Geology 550 Geology dynamical 553 Geometry 513 Geometry analytical 516 Georgia 959, 976 German language 430 German language low 439 German literature 830 German painting 753 German philosophy 193 German Reformed Church 289 Germany 943 Ghosts 133 Gipsies 949 Girondists 363, 944 Glaciers 553 Glass 666 Glass painting 751 Glazing 698 Glees 784 Globes, use of 522 Glossaries 413, 423, 433, etc. Gloves 646, 675, 677 Gnostics 281 God 231 Gold 549, 671 Goniometry 514 Good-Friday 244 Gospels 226 Gothic architecture 723 Goths 943 Gout 616 Government 320 Grace 234 Grafting 634 Grains 633 Grammars, comparative 415 Grammars, English 425 Grammars, French 445 Grammars, German 435 Grammars, Greek 485 Grammars, Italian 455 Grammars, Latin 475 Grammars, Spanish 465 Granada 946 Granges 363 Grape culture 634 Grasses 633 Grasses ornamental 716, 583 Grave-stones 718 Grave-yards 719 Gravitation 531 Great Britain 941, 942 Greece, ancient 938 Greece, modern 949 Greek architecture 722 Greek church 281 Greek commentaries 488 Greek language 480 Greek literature 880 Greek modern 489 Greek mythology 292 Greek philosophy 180, 888 Greek sculpture 733 Greek texts with notes 488 Greek texts without notes 880 Greek translations 880 Greenhouses 583, 635 Greenland 998 Grounds, private 712 Groves 715 Guatemala 979 Guiana 988 Guide books 910 Guillotine 345 Guinea 967 Gun cotton 355, 662 Gunnery 355 Gunpowder 355, 662 Gunsmithery 683 Gutta percha 679 Gymnastics 613 Gypsies 949

Habeas corpus 343 Hamiltonian philosophy 192 Harbors 627 Harmony, music 781 Harmony of gospels 226 Harness-making 685 Harpsichord 787 Hasheesh 615 Hats 646 Health 613 Health public 614 Heart diseases 616 Heat 536 Heathen religions 290 Heating 697 Heaven 237 Hebrew history 933 Hebrew language 493 Hedges 715 Hegelian philosophy 193 Heliotypes 774 Hell 237 Heraclitic philosophy 182 Heraldry 929 Herbariums 582 Hermaphrodites 590, 612 Hermeneutics 220 Herpetology 598 Hieroglyphics 419 Higher education 373 Highwaymen 345 Histology 611 Historical books of Bible 222 Historical charts and tables 908 Historical geography 911 Historical societies 906 History 900 ancient 930-939 biography of 928 ecclesiastical 270 fine arts 709 geography 910 in Greek 889 in Latin 879 literature 809 modern 940-999 natural sciences 509 philology 409 philosophy 109 philosophy of 901 science 509 sociology 309 theology 209 universal 909 useful arts 609 Histrionics 792 Holy Land 933, 956 Home education 371, 374 Home missions 266 Homicide 345 Homiletics 251 Homoeopathy 615 Homologies 574 Honey 638 Horse 636, 599, 357, 619 Horse-racing 798 Horse-riding 798 Horse-shoeing 682 Horsemanship 798 Hortatory theology 243 Horticulture 635 Hospitals 361 Hotels 390 Hothouses 583, 635 House-keeping 640 Housewifery 640 Huguenots 289, 944 Human anatomy 611 Humane societies 361 Humor 818 English 828 French 848 German 838 Greek 887 Italian 858 Spanish 868 Hunting 799 Hurricanes 533 Husbandry 630 Hybridism 590 Hydraulic engineering 628 Hydraulics 532 Hydrodynamics 532 Hydrography 551, 627, 527 Hydromechanics 532 Hydropathy 615 Hydrophobia 614, 616 Hydrostatics 532 Hygiene 613 Hygiene mental 131 Hymnology 245 Hypochondria 132, 616

Icebergs 553 Iceland 948 Icelandic language 498 Ichnology 560 Ichthyology 597 Iconography 730 Idealistic psychology 141 Idiocy 132 Idolatry 290 Illumination 745 Imagination 156 Immersion 264, 286 Immigration 325 Immortality 218, 237 Imprisonment for debt 345 Incarnation 232 Income 333 Incunabula 23 India, ancient history 934 India, modern history 954 Indian language 494 Indian literature 894 Indiana 977 Indians, American 970 Indians, American language 499 India-rubber 675 Indoor amusements 793 Induction 161 Inductive logic 161 Industrial drawing 744 Industrial schools 607 Inebriate institutions 364 Infanticide 173, 345 Infantry 356 Infidelity 211 Inoculation 614, 615 Inorganic chemistry 546 Inquisition 272 Insane Hospitals 361 Insanity 132 Inscriptions 417 Insects 595 Inspiration 238 Instincts 158 Institute of France 64 Institutions 360 Institutions educational 378 Institutions Feudal 322 Institutions Monarchic 323 Institutions Musical 789 Institutions of religion 260 Institutions Patriarchal 321 Institutions Republican 324 Instruction 371 Instrumental music 785 Instruments, engineering 629 Instruments, making 681 Insurance companies 368 Integral calculus 517 Intellect 151 Intellectual philosophy 140-150 Intemperance 178 Intercommunication 380, 650 Interest 334 Interest tables 658 Interior, administration 353 Intermarriage 136, 618 Intermediate state 237 Interments 614, 390 International exhibitions 600 International law 341 Intolerance 272 Intuitive psychology 143 Inventions 608 Invertebrates 592 Invertebrates paleontology 562 Ionian Islands 949 Ionic philosophy 182 Iowa 977 Iranian languages 495 Iranian literature 895 Ireland 941 Irish church 283 Irish language 496 Iron, bridges 624 Iron, manufacture 672 Iron, mineral 549, 669 Iron-clad ships 359, 699 Irrigation 631 Italian language 450 Italian literature 850 Italian painting 755 Italian philosophy 195 Italian sculpture 734, 735 Italy 945

Jacobins 363, 944 Jamaica 979 Jansenism 282 Japan 952 Japanese language 499 Japanning 698 Java 992 Jests 819, 829, 839, etc. Jesuit missions 266, 282 Jesuits 271, 282 Jesus 232 Jewelry 646, 671 Jews, history 933 John 226 Joinery 694 Journalism 50 Judaism 296 Judgment and future state 237 Junius letters 329 Jurisprudence 340 Jury 342 Justification 234

Kafirs 968 Kaleidoscope 536 Kansas 977 Kant's philosophy 193, 142 Keltic, ancient history 936 Keltic, language 496 Keltic, literature 896 Kentucky 976 Kindergarten 372 Kinematics 531 Kitchen 641 Knighthood 322 Koran 297

Labor 331 Laboring classes 331 Labrador 972 Lace-making 677 Lakes, artificial 714 Land surveying 622 Landlord and tenant 333 Landscape gardening 710 Landscape painting 758 Landscape photographs 778 Language 400 Lapland 947, 948 Latin commentaries 488 Latin language 470 Latin literary history 470 Latin literature 870 Latin medieval 479 Latin texts, with notes 488 Latin texts, without notes 870 Latin translations 870 Laundry 648 Law 340 Law of nations 341 Lawns 712 Lawyers' lives 923 Lead 549, 671 Leather 675 Lectures 815, 825, 835, etc. Legends 291-293 Legerdemain 133 Legislation 343, 328 Legislative annals 328 Legitimacy 343 Lent 244 Lepidoptera 595 Letter writing 816 Letters 816 Letters— English 826 French 846 German 836 Greek 886 Italian 856 Latin 876 Spanish 866 Levant 956, 962 Levelling 622 Leviticus 222 Lexicons 413, 423, 433, etc. Libel 345 Liberty 324 Liberty of press 324 Libraries 19 Library catalogues 17, 18 Library economy 19 Library history and reports 19 Lichens 582 Life, future 218, 237 Life insurance 368 Light 535 Light-houses 656, 627 Lightning 537 Lights and fuel 644 Line engraving 765 Linguistics 400 Liquors 663 Litany 244 Literary criticism 824, 834, 844, etc. miscellany 819 English 829 French 849 German 839 Italian 859 Spanish 869 property 343 Literature 800 Literature, biography of 928 Literature, classical 870, 880, 488-498 Literature, treatises 810 Lithography 763 Lithology 552 Liturgies 444 Locke 192, 145 Locks and keys 683 Locomotives 621 Logarithms 514 Logarithms tables 514 Logic 160 Longevity 312 Lord's Supper 265 Lorraine 943, 944 Lotteries 175 Louisiana 976 Low countries 949 Low Dutch 439 Luke 226 Lunacy 132 Lunatic asylums 361 Lung diseases 616 Lutherans 289 Lyric poetry 811, 821, 831, etc. Lyric poetry Greek 884 Lyric poetry Latin 874

Macaronics 819, 829, etc. Machine engraving 768 Machinery 621 Madagascar 969 Madness 132 Magazines 50, 105, 205, etc. Magic 133 Magnetism 538 Magnetism, animal 134 Magyars 943 Mahometanism 297 Mails 383 Maine 974 Malaria 614 Malayan language 499 Malaysia 991 Malt 663 Malta 949 Mamelukes 962 Mammalia 599 Mammalia, palaeontology 569 Man, doctrine of 233 Man, ethnography 390 Man, natural history of 573 Maniacs 132 Manners and customs 390 Manuals, collectors' 579 Manufactures 670 Manures 631 Manuscripts 13, 21 Maps 910 Maps, astronomical 524 Marble manufacture 673 Marbles 731 Marine architecture 699 Marine insurance 368 Marine law 346 Marriage, customs 390 Marriage, ethics 173 Maritime law 346 Mark 226 Martial law 347 Martyrs 272 Maryland 976 Mason & Dixon's line 326 Masonry 693 Masonry, Free 366 Massachusetts 974 Materia medica 615 Materialist 146 Materials, building 691 Maternity 136, 618 Mathematical drawing 744 Mathematical instruments 629 Mathematical tables 514 Mathematics 510 Matthew 226 Mausoleums 718 Maxims 819, 829, 839, etc. Measles 616 Measures and weights 389 Mechanical drawing 744 Mechanical engineering 621 Mechanical trades 680 Mechanics 531 Mechanics' associations 606 Medals 737 Mediaeval architecture 723 Mediaeval customs, costumes 392 Mediaeval design 747 Mediaeval history with modern Mediaeval Latin 479 Mediaeval sculpture 734 Medical botany 615 Medical jurisprudence 343 Medicine 610 Medicine, veterinary 619 Meditations, theology 242 Melodeons 786 Melody 781 Memoirs 920 Memory 154 Mensuration 612 Mental derangement 132 Mental faculties 150 Mental hygiene 131 Mental philosophy 140-150 Mental physiology 131 Mesmerism 134 Messiah 232 Metal manufactures 671 Metallurgy 669 Metaphysics 110 Meteorology 551 Methodism 287 Methodology 112 Methods of education 371 Metric system 389 Metrology 389 Mexican war 973, 978 Mexico 978 Mezzotint 776 Michigan 977 Microscopy 578 Middle ages, history, see special countries. Middle States 975 Midwifery 618 Military and naval arts 355-359 engineering 623 law 347 science 355 Militia 355 Milk 637 Millennium 236 Millinery 646 Mills, cot., woolen, etc. 677, 678 paper 676 Mill-work 621 Mind 150 Mineral waters 615 Mineralogy 549 Mines, mining, engineering 628 Miniatures 757 Ministers 250 Ministers lives 922 Minnesota 977 Minstrelsy 811, 821, 831, etc. Miracles 231 Miscellany, literary 819 English 829 French 849 German 839 Italian 859 Spanish 869 Missions 266 Missions, foreign 267 Mississippi 976 Missouri 977 Mnemonics 154 Modeling 731 Modern architecture 724 Modern costumes, customs 393-399 Modern designs 748 Modern geography 9l3-9l9 Modern Greek 489 Modern history 940-999 Modern philosophy 190 Modern sculpture 735 Mohammedanism 297 Molecular physics 539 Mollusca 594 paleontology 564 Monarchic institutions 323 Monasteries 271 Monastic orders 271 Money 332 Mongolian language 499 Monitors, iron-clads 359, 699 Monograms 745-748 Monopolies 331 Montana 977 Monuments 718 Moon 523 Moral philosophy 170 Moravians 289 Moravian missions 266 Morea 949 Mortar 693 Mortality 312 Mortgages 343 Mormonism 298 Morocco 964 Morphology 581 Mosaic painting 751 Moslems 297 Mosquitia 979 Mosses 582 Mothers 173 Moths 595, 646 Mouldings 721 Municipal government 342 Mutual aid societies 361 Music 780 Musical composition 781 Musicians 927 Mysteries 133 Mysticism 289 Mythology, comparative 291 Mythology, Greek & Roman 292 Mythology, Norse 293

Names 929 Narcotics 615 National costumes 390 National customs 390 Natural history 550-590 Natural philosophy 530 Natural science 500 Natural selection 575 Natural theology 210 Naturalization 343, 325 Nature 500 Naval architecture 699 Naval science 359 Navies 359 Navigation 527, 656 Navigation laws 346 Nebraska 977 Necromancers 133 Needle-work 646, 793 Negroes 573, 326 Nepotism 323 Nestorians 281 Netherlands 949 Neuroptera 595 Neutrals 341 Nevada 977 New Brunswick 972 New England 974 New Granada 986 New Guinea 995 New Hampshire 974 New Jersey 975 New Mexico 977 New Platonists, philosophy 186 New Testament 225 New York 975 Newfoundland 971 Newspapers 50 Nicaragua 979 Nobility 322 Non-Christian religions 290 Normal schools 371 Norman conquest 942-946 Normandy 944 Norse 498 North Africa 961 North America 970 North America botany 578 North America customs & costumes 397 North America ecclesiastical history 277 North America, geography 917 North America, geology 557 North America, history 970 North America, statistics 317 North America, travels 917 North Carolina 976 Northmen 948 Norway 948 Nosology 616 Nova Scotia 972 Novels 813 English 823 French 843 German 833 Italian 853 Spanish 863 Nubia 962 Numbers, book of 222 Numismatics 374 Nunneries 362 Nursery 649

Object teaching 371 Observations, astronomical 525 Obstetrics 618 Ocean transportation 387, 656 Oceanica 990 botany 589 customs and costumes 399 ecclesiastical history 279 geography 919 geology 559 history 990 statistics 319 travels 919 Odd Fellows 366 Odontology 611, 617 Ohio 977 Old French 449 Old Testament 221 Oil manufacture 664 Oil painting 751 Ontology 111 Operas 782 Opium 615 Optics 535 Oracles 133 Oratorios 783 Oratory 815 English 825 French 845 German 835 Greek 885 Italian 855 Latin 875 political 329 sacred 251 Spanish 865 Orchards 634 Orders of architecture 722-724 Ordination sermons 257 Ordnance 355, 683 Oregon 977 Organ 786 Organic chemistry 547 Organic remains 562 Oriental architecture 722 Oriental church 281 Oriental languages 490 Oriental philosophy 181 Origin of language 400 Ornamental botany 583 Ornamental design 745 Ornamental work 745 Ornithology 598 Orphans 361 Orthoepy 411, 421, 431, etc. Orthography, comparative 411 English 421 French 441 German 431 Greek 481 Italian 451 Latin 471 Spanish 461 Ottoman empire 949, 956 Out-door sports 796-799 Oxford University 378 Oysters 594, 641

Paganism 290 Painters' lives 927 Painting 750, 698 Palaeontology 560 Palestine 956 Pantheism 212 Pantheistic psychology 147 Papacy 282 Paper-hanging 698 Paper manufacture 676 Paper money 332 Papua 995 Paraguay 989 Parchment 10 Parent and child 173 Parish law 343 Parks, public 711 Parliament 324 Parliamentary law 348 Parrots 598 Parseeism 295 Partnership 343 Parturition 618 Passions 157 Pastoral theology 250 Patagonia 989 Patents 608 Pathology 616 Patriarchal institutions 321 Patriotism 172 Patristic philosophy 189 Patronage 177 Pauperism 339 Pawnbroking 334 Peace and war 172 Pears 634 Peat 644 Pedobaptism 264 Peerage 322 Peloponnesus 938, 949 Penal law 345 Penance 244 Peninsular war 946 Penitentiaries 365 Penmanship 652 Pennsylvania 975 Pentateuch 222 Perception 152 Perfectionists 289 Perfumery 660, 646 Periodicals, see special subjects. fine arts 705 general 50 history 905 literature 805 natural science 505 philology 405 philosophy 105 science 505 sociology 305 theology 205 useful arts 605 Perpetual motion 531 Persecutions 272 Persia, ancient history 935 Persia, modern history 955 Persian language 495 Personal liberty 342 Personal property 342 Personal rights 342 Perspective 742 Peru 985 Pests, agricultural 632 Petrifaction 560 Petroleum 549, 665 Pharmacopoeias 615 Pharmacy 615 Phi Beta Kappa 366 Philology 400 biography of 924 Philosophy 100 Philosophy ancient 180 biography of 921 Greek 180, 888 Latin 878 mental 150 modern 190 moral 170 natural 530 of art 701 history 901 language 401 literature 801 science 501 sociology 301 religion 201 useful arts 601 Phoenicia 939 Phoenician language 493 Phonetic short-hand 653 Phonetic spelling 421 Phonography 653 Phonology 414 Photographic chemistry 771 Photographs 773 Photography 770 Photo-lithography 775 Phrase-books, see Language. Phrenology 139 Phthisis 616 Physical education 613 Physical geography 551 Physics 530 Physics molecular 539 Physiognomy 138 Physiography 551 Physiology 612 Physiology comparative 591 Physiology, mental 131 Physiology, vegetable 581 Piano-forte 786 Picture galleries 759 Piedmont 945 Pig 636 Piracy 345 Pisciculture 639 Plague 616, 614 Planets 523 Plans for building 692 Plants 580 landscape gardening 716 paleontology 561 Platonic philosophy 184 Platonists, new 186 Playing cards 795 Plays, see Drama 812, 792 Pleading 349 Plumbing 696 Plurality of worlds 521 Pneumatics 533 Pneumatology 150 Poetical books of Bible 223 Poetry 811 English 821 French 841 German 831 Greek 881 Italian 851 Latin 871 Spanish 861 Poets, lives 928 Poisons 615 Poland 949 Polar Regions, geography 919 Polar seas 998, 999 Police 354 Polish language 497 Politeness 177 Political associations 363 Political economy 330 Political essays 329 Political institutions 363 Political science 320 Political sermons 256 Political speeches 329 Polity, ecclesiastical 262 Polygamy 173, 345 Polygraphy 40 Polynesia, botany 589 customs and costumes 399 ecclesiastical history 279 geography 919 geology 559 history 996 languages 499 statistics 319 travels 919 Polyps 593 Polytheism 290 Pomology 634 Ponds, artificial 714 Poor 339 Poor laws 343 Popery 282 Population 312 Porcelain 738 Portrait painting 757 Portraits, photographs 777 Portugal 946 Portuguese language 469 Portuguese literature 860 Positivism 146 Postage-stamps 383 Post-offices 383 Potato 635 Pottery 673 Pottery manufacture 673 Poultry 636 Powder 662, 355 Practical astronomy 522 Practical theology 240 Practical sermons 254 Practice of medicine 615 Prayer 217 Prayer-meetings 247 Preaching and preachers 250 Precedents 343 Precious metals 549 Predestination 231 Pregnancy 618 Pre-historic archaeology 571 Presbyterians 284 Prescriptions 615 Press, liberty of 324 Primeval man 571 Primitive Christianity 270 Primogeniture 322 Printing 655 Prints 769 Prison associations 365 Prisons 365 Private grounds 712 Private worship 248 Privateers 341 Probabilities 519 Production 338 Productions of the soil 633 Progress of civilization 312 Progress of population 313 Prohibited books 28 Prohibition 178 Projectiles 358, 531 Projection 744 Promissory notes 343 Pronunciation, 411, 421, 431, etc. Property 331 Property law 342, 343 Property tax 336 Prophecy 231 Prophetical books of Bible 224 Prose composition, Greek 485 Prose composition, Latin 475 Prosody, comparative 416 English 426 French 446 German 436 Greek 486 Italian 456 Latin 476 Spanish 466 Prostitution 618, 176 Protection 337 Protestant episcopal 283 Protestantism 283-289 Protestantism and Romanism 282 Protoplasm 576 Protozoa 593 paleontology 563 Provencal language 449 Proverbs, and quotations 819 Proverbs, Bible 223 Providence 2l4 Provincialisms 427, 437, etc. Pruning 634, 715 Prussia 943 Psalms 223 Pseudonyms 14 Psychology 140 Public accounts 336 Public buildings 725 Public charities 361 Public documents 328 Public education 370 Public funds 336 Public health 614 Public houses 390 Public lands 353 Public meetings 360 Public schools 378 Public speaking 815 Public worship 246 Pulpit oratory 250 Pumps 532 Punctuation, English 421 Punishment 345 Puritans 277, 289 Puseyism 244, 283 Pygmies 599 Pyramids 916, 932 Pyrites 549 Pyrotechnics 662 Pyrrhonism 186 Pythagorean philosophy 182

Quadrumana 599 Quadrupeds 599 Quakers 289 Qualitative analysis 544 Quantitative analysis 545 Quarantine 614 Quaternions 518 Quotations 819, 829, etc.

Race-horse 798 Races, history 572 Racing 798 Radiates 593 Radiates paleontology 563 Railroad engineering 625 Railroad locomotives 621 Railroads 385 Railways, laws of 343 Rain 551 Rank 322 Rationalism 211, 155 Readers 418, 428, 438, etc. Reading, art of 815 Reading courses 15, 16 Reading for self-education 374 Real estate law 343 Reason 155 Rebellion, Southern 973 Recipe books 640 Recreation 790 Reformation 274 Reformatory associations 364 Reformatory institutions 364 Reformed church 289 Regeneration 234 Regimen 613 Regulations of armies 355 Regulations of navies 359 Religion and science 215 Religion and sermons 255 Religions, Non-Christian 290 Religious anecdotes 249 Religious associations 362 Religious biography 922 Religious education 377 Religious fiction 249 Religious institutions 362 Religious orders 271 Religious philosophy 201 Remains 560 Rents 333 Repentance 234, 241 Reptiles 598 Reptiles paleontology 568 Republican institutions 324 Resistance of materials 691 Resurrection 236 Retribution 237 Revealed religion 231 Revelation 231 Revenue 336 Reviews, see Periodicals. Revivals 269 Revolution, American 973 Revolution, French 944 Rhetoric 815 Rhetoric sacred 251 Rhode Island 974 Rhododendron 582 Riddles 819, 829, etc. Riding 798 Right of search 341 Rights and liberties 342 Riots 343 Ritualism 244 River transportation 387 Rivers 551 Roads 625 Rocky mountains 557, 917 Rodentia 599 Roman antiquities 937 Roman architecture 722 Roman Catholics 282 Roman history, ancient 937 Roman history, modern 945 Roman literature 870 Roman law 348 Roman mythology 292 Roman sculpture 733 Romance 813 English 823 French 843 German 833 Italian 853 Religious 249 Spanish 863 Romanic languages 440-469 Romansh language 459 Rome, ancient 937 Rome, modern 945 Romish church 282 Rope-making 677 Rowing 797 Rubber manufactures 675 Ruminants 599 Rural architecture 728 Rural sports 796 Russia 947 Russian America 977 Russian language 497

Sabbatarians 289 Sabbath 263 Sabbath reform 263 Sabbath schools 268 Sacrament of baptism 264 Sacrament of Lord's Supper 265 Sacred biography 922 Sacred rhetoric 251 Sacrifices 221 Saddlery 685 Sailors 387 St. Domingo 979 Sale catalogues of books 17, 18 Salt manufacture 664 Salvation 234 Sandwich Islands 997 Sanitary commissions 364 Sanitary commissions U.S. 361 Sanitary measures 614 Sanskrit language 494 Sardinia 945 Satan 235 Satire 817 English 827 French 847 German 837 Italian 857 Latin 877 Spanish 867 Savings banks 332 Saxon language 429 Saxons 943 Scandinavia 948 Scandinavian language 498 Scandinavian literature 898 Scepticism 211 Scholastic philosophy 198 Schools 378 Schools Sunday 268 School architecture 727 School houses 727 Schools of art 707 Schools of painting 753-756 Schopenhauer's philosophy 193 Schleswig-Holstein 943 Science, Natural 500 biography of 925 Scientific societies 506 Scientific travels 508 Scotland 941 Scotch language 496 Scotch philosophy 192 Scriptures 220 Scrofulous diseases 616 Sculpture 730 Sculptors' lives 927 Seamanship 656, 527 Secession 342 Second advent 236 Second sight 133 Secret societies 366 Sects, Christian 280 Secular education 377 Self-culture 374 Self-education 374 Semitic languages 493 Semitic literature 893 Sensation 152 Sensational psychology 145 Sense 152 Sepulchres 718 Sepulture 614 Sermons 252-259 Serpents 598 Servants 647 Servia 949 Sewerage 614 Sewing 687 Sewing machine 687 Sex in education 376 Sexual ethics 176 Sexual science 618 Sexes 136 Shades and shadows 744 Shakers 289 Shakesperiana 822 Sheep 636 Shells 594 Shells fossil 564 Shemitic languages 493 Ship-building 699 Ship-canals 626, 387 Shipping laws 346 Shoemaking 685, 675 Shooting 799 Short-hand 653 Shrubbery 716 Siam 959 Siberia 957 Sicily 945 Sick-room 649 Sieges 355, 623 Sight 536 Sight hygiene 613 Signals 654 Sign painting 698 Silk culture 638 Silk manufacture 677 Silk worm 638, 595 Silver metal 549 Silver mines 628 Silver money 332 Sin 233 Singing 784 Sisters of Mercy 362 Skating 796 Skepticism 211 Skin diseases 616 Skye 941 Slander 177, 345 Slang 427, 437, etc. Slating 695 Slavery 326 Slavic language 497 Slavic literature 897 Sleep 135 Sleep walking 135 Small-pox 616, 614 Soap-making 664 Social ethics 177 Social science 300 Social worship 247 Socialisms 335 Societies, fine arts 706 Societies, general 60 Societies, history 906 Societies, literature 806 Societies, natural science 506 Societies, philology 406 Societies, philosophy 106 Societies, science 506 Societies, secret 366 Societies, sociology 306 Societies, theology 206 Societies, useful arts 606 Society 177 Sociology 300 Sociology biography of 923 Socratic philosophy 183 Soils 631 Solar system 523 Soldiers 355 Somnambulism 135 Songs 784 Sonnets 811, 821, etc. Sophist philosophy 183 Sorcery 133 Soul 233 Sound 534 South Africa 968 botany 586 geography 916 South America 980 botany 588 customs and costumes 398 ecclesiastical history 278 geography 918 geology 558 history 980 statistics 318 travels 918 South Carolina 976 South seas 999 Southern States 976 Spain 946 Spanish language 460 Spanish literature 860 Spanish philosophy 196 Specie payment 332 Specifications for building 692 Specters 133 Spectroscope 535 Spectrum analysis 544 Speeches, see Oratory. Spherical astronomy 521 Spherical geometry 513 Spherical trigonometry 514 Spiders 595 Spinoza's philosophy 147 Spiritualism 133 Spontaneous generation 577 Sports 796 Stables 636 Stage 792 Stained glass 745 Stammering 616 Stamps 383 Standing army 355 Starch manufacture 664 Stars 523 State 320 State ethics 172 State papers 328 State rights 342 State trials 345 Statesmen, lives 923 Statics 531 Statistical methods 311 Statistics 310 Statuary 730 Statute law 343 Steam-engine 621 Steam-fitting 696 Steam-navigation 527, 656 Steam-transportation 385, 656 Steel 669 Steel engraving 762 Stenography 653 Stereotyping 655 Stereoscopes and views 776 Stethoscope 616 Stipple engraving 765 Stock, live 636 Stocks 333 Stoic philosophy 188 Stoneware 673 Storms 551 Stills 663 Strategy 355 Strawberries 634 Stringed instruments 787 Study, methods of 371 Stuttering 616 Sublime and beautiful 701 Submarine telegraph 384 Succession 323 Suffrage 324 Sugar-cane 633 Sugar manufacture 664 Sugar planting 633 Suicide 131 Sumatra 992 Summer-houses 717 Sun 523 Sunda 992 Sunday-schools 268 Supernaturalism 133 Superstition 133 Surgery 617 Surnames 929 Surveying 622 Susceptibility 157 Sweden 948 Swedenborgians 289 Swimming 796 Swine 636 Switzerland 949 Syllogism 160 Symbolism 219 Synonyms, English 424 Synonyms, French 444 Synonyms, German 434 Synonyms, Greek 484 Synonyms, Italian 454 Synonyms, Latin 474 Synonyms, Spanish 464 Syphilis 616 Syria 956 Syriac language 493 Syro-Chaldaic 493 Systematic botany 582