[Then follows a copy of the agreement in six folio pages.]

"And the forseid cite was yolden to oure sovereigne lord the kyng upon seint Wolstanes day: and after that the kyng gate many strong castells and townes."

NOTE KK. page 108.

A^{o}. viij. Hen. V.—"And the xx day of Maij the yere of oure lord m^{l} cccc xx^{ti} the kyng come to Troys in Champayne, where he was worthely receyved of al the lordes spiritual and temperal that were with the kyng of Fraunce. And upon the morue the kyng and quene of Fraunce, and dame Katerine his sustre, the duke of Burgoyne metten togiders in seint Petres chirche of Troys, in the body of the same chirch; and after went thei up to the high auter, and there tharticles of the peas redde, and the othes made on either partie: and than was the kyng and dame Katerine sured togiders. And upon the morue after Trinity Sonday, that was than the iij^{d} day of Juyn, the yere of our lord m iiij^{c} and xx, in the chirch of seint Petre of Troys the kyng weddid dame Katerine, kyng doughter of Fraunce, and was made regent of Fraunce. The convencions of which accord followen here after, that is to say."

[Then follows the agreement, which extends to nearly eleven folios.]

"And thanne after that the fest and solempnetie of the mariage was done, the kyng conquerid many townes and castells. Also the kyng leid his sege to Milon sur Seyne, duryng which sege the maire and shireves of London were chosen."

NOTE LL. page 108.

A^{o}. viij. Hen. V.—"And whanne the solempnite was done in the chirch, she was brought ful worthely into the greet halle.

Of the sittyng of the astates at the coronacion of Quene Kateryne hereafter foloweth: that is to say;

First Quene Kateryne sate in hire astate.

The archebisshop of Caunterbury.

The bisshop of Wynchestre.

Thei saten upon the right side of the Quene, and served next the Quene, and covered at every course.

The kyng of Scotland sate in his astate upon the lefte side of the Quene, which was served at every course, the ij bisshops aforseid.

The duches of Yorke, the countes of Huntyngdon; they saten on the same side that the kyng of Scotlande sate.

The duke of Gloucestre supervisour.

Therle of March knelyng upon the deys on the right side of the Quene, held a sceptre upright of the Quenes.

Therle Marchall knelyng on the same deys upon the left side of the Quene, held another sceptre of the Quenes upright.

The countes of Kent was sittyng at the right fote of the Quene undre the table.

The countes Marchall sate at the lefte fote of the Quene undre the table.

Sir Richard Nevile, Carver, bifore the Quene.

Therles brother of Suffolk, Cup berer.

Sir John Steward, Sewer to the Quene.

The lorde Clifford, Panter, instede of therle of Warwik.

The lord Willoughby, Butler, instede of therle of Arundel.

The lord Grey of Ruthyn, Naperer.

The lord Awdley, Avener, instede of therle of Cambrige.

The duke of Bedford, Constable of England.

Therle of Warwik, Steward of England, instede of the duke of Clarence.

Therle of Worcestre, Marchal of England, instede of therle Marchal.

Of the maner of sittyng of the astates at the other tables in the Halle.

First the Barons of the Five Poortes biganne the table of astate in the halle upon the right hand of the Quene.

And byneth them at the same table seten the Bouchers of the Chancery.

The Maire of London and his brethren thaldermen biganne the table of astate in the halle on the lefte hand of the Quene, with other comoners of the cite, and other men byneth them at the same table.

The Bisshoppes biganne the table in the myddis of the halle; that is to say, the table next to the table of the Five Poortes on the right hand.

The bisshop of London withynne the table.

The bisshop of Durham withynne the table.

The bisshop of Bath bifore them.

The bisshop of Excestre bifore them.

The bisshop of Norwich.

The bisshop of Salisbury.

The bisshop of Seint David.

The bisshop of Bangor.

The bisshop of Lincoln.

The abbot of Waltham.

The bisshop of Carlehill.

And than after saten the Justices, and after them worshipful Knyghts and Squiers.

And the Ladies biganne the table in the myddes of the halle afore ayenst the table of the Maire and Aldermen.

First the countes of Stafford.

The countes of the March hire doughter.

The countes of Arundel.

The countes of Westmoreland.

The countes of Northumberland hir doughter.

The countes of Oxenford.

The lady Nevile, wiffe to the sone and heire of the erle of Westmoreland and doughter of the erle of Somerset. [or rather erle of Kent.[132]]

[Footnote 132: These words have been subsequently added.]

Dame Margarete sustre to therle Marchal.

The yonger doughter of therle of Somerset.

The lady Roos.

The lady Clifford to the erle of Northumberland.[133]

[Footnote 133: Sic.]

The lady Burgaveny.

The lady Talbot.

The lady Willoughby.

The lady of Mauley.

The wiffe of S^{r}. Richard Nevile.

And this table was ocupied with Ladies and Damesells.

These Lordes suyng were assigned to done the seinc' roiall bifore the Quene.

Therle of Northumberland, therle of Westmoreland, the lord Fitz Hugh.

The lord Furnyvale, the lord Grey of Wilton.

The lord Ferers of Groby, the lord Pownyngs.

The lord Haryngton, the lord Darcy.

The lord Dacre, the lord Delaware.

Here bigynneth the servyce at the first Course.

Brawne with mustarde. Dedel in Borneux. Furmente with baleyne. Pike. Laumprey powdred. Great Elis poudred. Trought. Codlyng. Plaies and merlyne fried. Crabbes great. Lech lumbarde florisshid with colars of esses and brome coddes of gold in a Target with the armes of the kyng and the quene departid. Tarves. A Sotelte, callid a pellican on hire nest with briddis and an ymage of Seint Katerine with a whele in hire hande disputyng with the Hethen clerks, having this Reason in hir hande, Madame la Roigne; the Pellican answeryng Cest enseigne; the briddes answeryng Est du roy pur tenir joie. A tout gent il met sentent.

The ii^{d} Course is this folewyng.

Gely florisshed with columbyne floures of white potages. Blaundesore. Breme. Congre. Soles with mulet. Cheveyne. Barbel with Roch. Samon fressh. Halibut. Gurnarde rostid. Roches boilet. Smelt fried. Losters. Lech damaske with the kyngs worde Une sanz pluz writon of white lettre. Lamprey in paste suyng. Flampan florisshed with a scochyn roial, theryn three crownes of golde and plantid with floure de lice of golde and floures of camomil wrought of confections. A Sotelte, a panter with an ymage of Seint Katerine in the same tariage and a whele in hire hand, and a Reason in hire other hand. The Reason was this: La Roigne ma file. The panter answeryng In cest Ile: another best answeryng with this Reason, Of Albion: another best saiyng, Aves Renowne.

This is the iij^{d} Course folowyng.

Dates in compost. Creme motley. Carpe. Dorrey. Turbut. Tench. Peerch with gogyns. Sturgeon fresshe. Welkes. Porpes rostid. Memise fried. Creves de ewe douce. Shrympes grosse. Elis with laumprons rostid. A Lessh callid the White Lessh, with hauthorne leves grene and redd hawes. A mete in paste with iiij aungels in fourme of Sent Katerine whele in the myddes with a Reason—

Il est escrite Par mariage pure Pur voir et dir. Ce guerre ne dure.

A Sotelte, A Tigre lokyng in a mirour and a man ridyng on horsebak armed with a tigre whelp in his barme, and throwyng mirours for his defence; and a Reason writon, Par force saunz Droit Jay pris ce best. Another Reason for thanswere of the tigre

Cile de mirrour Ma fait discour."

NOTE MM. page 110.

A^{o}. ix. Hen. V.—"Also in the moneth of Maii, the quene at Hampton toke hir viage into Fraunce the yere of our lord m^{l} iiij^{c} and xxij, and of the kyng the x^{th} yere, the cite of Mewes in Bry', which long tyme had ben bisegid, was yolden in maner as folowith after."

[Then follows the treaty, which extends to nearly seven pages.]

NOTE NN. page 111.

A^{o}. i. Hen. VI.—"Also there was graunted to the kyng V nobles of every sakke of wolle to custume duryng iij yere." "And the forseid first day of March was the trete of the delyveraunce of Pount Melank, which was taken and long holden by the partie called Armynakkes, and delivered in maner as after folowith."

[A copy of the treaty then occurs, consisting of eight pages.]

"Also this same yere Newegat was bigonne to make newe by thexecutors of Richard Whityngton. Also the same yere in somer tide was great plente of al maner cornes and fruytes: but a litle before Midsomer there bigan to falle moch reyne, which contynued lasse or more every day as for the moost partie; howsoever the wynde stode unto viij daies bifore Cristmas, so that men myght not gadre ynne there, and namely the codde corne, and yet was there plente of corne ynough."

NOTE OO. page 112.

A^{o}. ii. Hen. VI.—"And upon the Wednesday with a glad chere sate in his modres lappe in the chare, and rode thurgh the cite to Westm' the xvij day of Novembre, the yere of our lord m^{l} cccc xxiij, and there was brought into the parliament; where the Speker of the parliament, in the name and for al the comons of England, spake to the kyngs persone these wordes after folowyng."

The speech assigned to the Speaker is then given; after which it is stated that on "The xxvj day of Novembre the kyng with his modir remoeved from Westminster to Waltham, and a certen tyme there were abidyng; and fro thens he remoevid to Hertford, where he helde his Cristmas, and the kyng of Scotts with him." An account of the proceedings in Parliament in this year, especially of the impeachment of Sir John Mortymer, knight, and of the statutes enacted therein then follows at some length, and is succeeded by a minute account of the French towns and castles taken by the duke of Bedford, the earl of Salisbury, Sir John Radcliff seneschal of Guyenne, and Sir John Beauchamp. It is also noticed, that in that year "therle of the March with many other lordes and great retinue went into Irland, and there deide." After stating the loss of the Scots at the battle of Vermuil, it is added, "Wherfore it may be seid of them the worde of olde tyme,

'That in the croke of the mone came thei thiderwarde, And in the wilde wanyng went thei homewarde.'"

NOTE PP. page 113.

"Also this yere after Eastre the king helde his parliament at Westm', which bigan the laste day of Aprile; and the kyng come to London the xxvij day of Aprile, which was Saturday, with his moder in his chare from Wyndisore unto Seint Paulis; and at the west dore he was taken out of his chare by his uncle the duke of Gloucestre, and by his bele uncle the duke of Excestre: and he went upon his fete fro the west dore to the steires, and so up into the quere; and than he was borne up and offred: and than was set upon a courser and so rood thrugh the Chepe and London to Kenyngton. And the kyng held his see diverse daies in the parliament." Then follows an account of the grants made by that parliament to the king, and of some statutes enacted therein. The success of the English army under the earl of Salisbury is related in a most minute manner, and the agreement for the surrender of Mauns is given at length: but nothing is stated of sufficient interest to justify so long a note as a copy of the narrative and treaty in question would require.

NOTE QQ. page 114.

"defense of the cite. And anon after the bisshop of Wynchestre sent a lettre over the see into France unto the duke of Bedford, the tenor wherof after foloweth:

'To the most high and myghty prynce and my right noble lord the regent of Fraunce and duke of Bedford.

'Right high and myghty prynce and my right noble and after oon, levist lord, I recommand me unto you with al myn hert and affinite: and as ye desire the welfare of the kyng our sovereign lord and of his realmes of England and Fraunce, and your owne wele and our alle, so haste you hider; for by my trouth if ye tarie we shal put this land in a venture with a felde; such a brother ye have here, God make him a good man, for your wisedom knoweth wele that the prosperite of Fraunce stant in the welfare of England. High and myghtie prince, I bisech you holdeth Maister John Estcourt, your counseilour, escusid of his tarrying, for it is moch ayenst his wille, but the counsell here hath made hym; and ye hist to give credence to your chamberleyne S^{r}. William Boteller. The blessid Trinite kepe you. Writon in grete haste on Alhalowen even,

by your true servaunt to my lives ende,

HENRY WYNCHESTRE.'

"And ageyn Cristmas the duke of Bedford came out of Fraunce into England. And the kyng helde his Cristmas at Eltham; and the bisshop of Wynchestre helde his Cristmas at Marton: and bicause that he wolde not come in the cite of London, for evil wille that he hadde therto, the counsel was holden at Seint Albones after Cristmas: but there wolde not the duke of Gloucestre come. At which counsel was ordeyned that the parliament shulde ben at Leicestre, which parliament bigan in the bigynnyng of Lenton; where, by good trete and arbitracion of the lords spiriele and temperel, was made a good unite and accorde atwixt the duke of Gloucestre and the bisshop of Wynchestre, in fourme as after folowith."

[Then follows the "Arbitirament", which extends to six folios.]

"And thus was the accord made atwixt these ij lordes of Gloucestre and Wynchestre; and the parliament was ajourned til after Easter. Also the same yere of the kyng, and of our lord m^{l} iiij^{c} xxv, Arthur erle of Richemont, and Richard his brother, and the baron of Columbe, with great multitude of Britons, leien at the sege of Seint Jaquys de Ber'on to the some of xx m^{l} of Britons, which gaven assaute to the towne, and were beten and myghtely put of, rebukid and slayne of them iiij^{c}: and in the towne were cheveteynes Sir Thomas Remston, Sir Philip Braunch, Sir Nichol Burdet, and Sir Richard Stafford, and with them ix^{c} persones, Englisshe and Normaunes. And the nyght folowyng, fast by the towne, in ij milles, were iij^{c} Britons loggid; and the seid knyghts with a certeyn mayny went out and brent the milles, and slough of the Britons bitwene iij and iiij score. And afterward Arthur and his men maden another assaute, and there losten vij^{xx} and oon standardes and getens, and viij^{xx} men of cote armes and legge harneis; and Arthur was sore hurt in the thigh nygh the body: and so thei withdrowen them homeward to Breteigne. But Thomas de Burgh with people of the garison folowid after them, and slough of them xxv^{c}. And the Britons lefte byhynde them there gonnes and there wyne, the some of vj^{c} pipes of wyne, with flour, brede, figges, reisins, and grete plente of egges and butter, with moch fisshe, and so fled with mischief."

NOTE RR. page 116.

A^{o}. vj. Hen. VI.—"This yere the kyng held his parliament at Westminster, and was ajourned til after Cristmas: and in this parliament the kyng helde his see diverse daies." Then follows an account of the grants made to the king, and of other proceedings therein. "Also this yere the erle of Salisbury sailid over the see with a feire compeigny; and the Carde come to London upon seint Gilis day: and the maire of London, and aldermen, with the craftes, roden ayenst him, and receyved him worthely. Also the same yere therle of Sarum was slayne at the sege of Orliaunce: but yet was the sege holden by other lordes and contynued, but not long after."

NOTE SS. page 116.

The death of the earl of Salisbury is, as has just been noticed, stated in the Cottonian MS. to have taken place in the preceding year. "This yere [A^{o}. vij. Hen. VI.] about Midsommer, the Cardenal seilid over the see with a feire compeigny wagid for to have, and werred upon the Lollards in Prage: but a litel before the departyng of the Cardenal out of England, therle of Suffolk, the lord Talbot, the lord Scalis, and many other lordes, knyghts, and squyers, were taken and slayne at the sege of Orliaunce, and the sege broken."

NOTES TT and UU. page 118.

"This was the first Cours at his coronacion; that is to say, first

Furmentie, with venyson. Viande Roial planted with losenges of golde. Bore-hedes in castells of earmed with golde.[134] Beef. Moton. Signet. Capon stued. Heron. Grete Pike. A redd Lech with lions corvyn theryn of white. Custarde Roial with a leparde of golde sittyng theryn. Fritour like a sonne with a flour de lice therynne. A Sotelte, Seint Edward and seint Lowes armed in cote armours bryngyng yn bitwene them the kyng in his cote armour with this scripture suyng:

Loo here twoo kyngs right profite and right good, Holy seint Edwarde and seint Lowes: And see the braunch borne of there blessid blode, Live among Cristen moost sovereigne of price, Enheretour of the floure de Lice; God graunte he may thurgh help of Crist J'hu This sixt Henry to reigne and be as wise, And them resemble in knighthod and vertue.

[Footnote 134: Sic in the MS.]

Here foloweth the second Course; that is to wite,

Viand blank, barrid of golde. Gely partid writen and notid Te Deum Laudamus. Pigge endored. Crane. Bitore. Conyes. Chikyns endored. Partrich. Pecok enhakill. Great breame. Leches white with an antelope of redde corven theryn, a crowne about his neck with a cheyne of golde. Flampayne poudred with lepardis and flours de lice of golde. Fritour, a lepardis hedde with ij Ostrich fethers. A Sotelte, themperour and the kyng that ded is, armed, and there mantells of the garters; and the kyng that nowe is, knelyng before them with this Reason.

Ageinst miscreaunts themperour Sigismond Hath shewid his myght which is Imperial: Sithen Henry the Vth so noble a knyght was founde For Crists cause in actis martial Cherisshyng the chirch Lollardes had a falle To give example to kyngs that suitede And to this branche in especiall While he dothe regne to love God and drede.

The iij^{d} Course sueth; that is to say,

Blaunde Surrey poudrid with quatrefoilis gilt. Venyson rostid. Egrettes. Curlewe. Cokkes. Plover. Quailis. Snytes. Grete birdes. Larkes. Carpe. Crabbe. Lech of iij colours. A colde bakemete like a shelde quarterly redde and white, set with losengs and gilt, and flours of borage. Fritour crispes. A Sotelte of our lady sittyng and hir childe in hir lappe, and she holdyng in hir hand a crowne and seint George knelyng on that oo side and seint Denyse on that other side, presentyng the kyng, knelyng to our lady, with this Reason folowyng;

O blessid lady, Cristes moder dere, And thou seint George, that callid art hir knyght, Holy seint Denyse, O martir moost entier, The sixt Henry here present in your sight, Shewith of grace on hym your hevenly light His tender yougth with vertue both avaunce Bore by discent and by title of right Justly to reigne in England and in Fraunce."

"This same yere, the xxij day of Janeuere, there was an heretik brent at the Tour hille: and on the morue next after there was a batayle done in Smythfelde, withynne listes, bifore the kyng, bitwene John Upton appellaunt, and John Downe defendaunt; and whan thei hadde long foughton, the kyng toke it up into his handes and fargaff bothe partes. Also this yere the kyng passid the see to Caleis upon seint Georges day, and many grete lordes with hym; that is to say, First, the Cardenall bisshop of Wynchestre, and than other bisshops folowyng; that is to say, the bisshop of Bath, the bisshop of Ely, the bisshop of Rochestre. Dukes; the duke of Yorke and the duke of Norfolk. Erles; therle of Stafford, therle of Huntyngdon, therle of Warwik, therle of Oxonford, therle of Devonshire, therle of Morteyn, therle of Ewe, therle of Ormond. Barons; the lord Beaumont, the lord Bourghchier, the lord Tiptofte, the lord FitzWater, the lord Roos, the lord Audeley, the lord Faconbrigge, the lord Grey Codnore, the lord Welles."

[The capture of the Maid of Orleans is then noticed in nearly the same words as those in the text; and is followed by a copy of the letter which the duke of Burgoyne "wrote unto the kyng at Caleis."]

"Superscripcion: To my moost doubtid lord the kyng.

"My moost doubtid lord, I recomaunde unto you asmoch and as mykely as I may. And please it you to wete my moost doubtid lorde, that this day, the xxiij day of Maij, about vj at after none, your adversaries and myn, that were with grete power in the towne of Compeigne, afore which towne I am loggid with my folke, and with those that ye senten undre governaunce of S^{r}. John Mountgomery and S^{r}. John Steward, came out with grete puyssaunce upon the van warde which was next them; and with them came she that thei calle the Pucelle, with many of there chief chiefteynes: and ageine them anone came my cosyn S^{r}. John Luxenburgh, and other of your folkes and of myn, which made right grete and sharp resistence: and I came thider in myn owne persone, and founde that the seid adversaries were put abak, and by the pleasaunce of our blessid Creatour it fil so; and God yaf me such grace, that she that thei calle the Pucelle was taken, and with many hire capitaynes, knyghts, and squyers, and other taken, and drowned, and dedde, whose names I knowe not yet."

This letter is succeeded by an account of the "Journeis that were done after the kyng was landid at Caleis."

"The first Journey was at Pountnake: the Pucelle with a grete power was put to flight.

"The second Journey was in a wodde biside Compeigne: the Pucelles mayny ij^{c} were discounfeited of xxx Englisshemen, and there were xij Armynaks prisoners.

"The iij^{d} Journey the Pucelle was taken at Compeigne, and many of her mayny slayne and drowned.

"The iiij^{th} Journey the lord was, the lord Wilby brent a chirch and vj^{xx} men and boies therynne.

"The v^{th} Journey the lorde Scales toke and slough of the dukes men of Launson, iij^{c}.

"The vj^{th} Journey the kyngs householde mayny, biside Parys, an Englisshe mile out of Boys, seint Vyncent token a strong abbeie with tretis.

"The vij^{th} Journey the lord Chamberleyne distressid La Here, and slough and toke of his meyny into iij^{c}: and at the same Journey was slayne S^{r}. Symon Filbrigges sone and his heire.

"The viij^{th} Journey therle of Huntyngdon toke gonnes, quarrells, and crosbowes, comyng toward Compeigne the nombre of an c and xx men of armes, and vileyns many.

"The ix^{th} Journey the seid erle of Huntyngdon and his compeigny token vj strengthes and chirches, and brent many; and he gate a grete towne callid Crepynaloys. And thei praied hym that thei myght stand in the same forme that thei of Compeigne shulde, and therto thei sent hym ij m^{l} salves of golde for expenses.

"The x^{th} Journey the seid erle of Huntyngdon made a rode frome the duke of Burgoyne, and met with a compeigny of Scotts, distressid them, and toke there capitayne.

"The xj^{th} Journey ij^{c} Englisshemen of the kyngs house were bifore seint Lis, and token bestes and lx prisoners, whose capitayne was called Arnold Gilias of Alafeert Baynarde, the whiche as men wende myght paie a m^{l} marc of golde, and another was La Heres brother.

"The xij^{th} Journey the duke of Norfolk met with Lumbards vj^{xx} speres, distressid them and toke their capiteyne, and many moo chirches, abbeis, and castells that were strong viij or ix, and hangid them that were therynne, and breke downe castells and chirches that were right strong.

"The xiij^{th} Journey Castel Gailard was wonne.

"The xiiij^{th} Journey therle of Stafford gate Arlmarle, and therynne vj^{xx} and vj men; of the which v^{xx} were hangid, and the remenaunt in the kings wille.

"The xv^{th} Journey Sir Raffe Butler gate a pile and brake it downe.

"The xvj^{th} Journey the first day of July, there were comyng towards Compeigny of Scotts and of Armynakes to the nombre of iiij m^{l}. and in theire comyng thiderward therle of Huntyngdon met them, and there toke the capiteyne of the Scotts and iiij^{xx} other gret capiteyns: and there were slayne and taken xv^{c} of Scottis and Armynakes.

"The xvij^{th} Journey the duke of Norfolk gate Dammartyn and twoo other grete townes: and the dolphyn was that tyme at Jargowe, v leges biyonde Orliaunce."

NOTE XX. page 119.

A^{o}. xj. Hen VI.—The only event noticed under this year in the Cottonian MS. is "that the meyre, aldermen, and shireves in scarlet, with comoens of London in grene, rodde to the Blak heth to receyve my lord of Bedford."

NOTE YY. page 120.

A^{o}. xij. Hen. VI.—No other circumstance is mentioned in the Cottonian MS. than that "this yere was a Text writer brent at the Tour hille for heresie."

NOTE ZZ. page 120.

A^{o}. xiij. Hen. VI.—"In this yere was a grete frost that enduryd from seint Katerines day unto seint Valentynes day after, wherfore the vyntage myght not come to London but by carte over Shoters hille frome Gravesende, Northflete, Greneheth, and other places both on Kent side and Essex."

NOTE AAA. page 121.

A^{o}. xv. Hen. VI.—"This yere was another grete frost enduryng xj weks. Also this yere was openly knowen that the duke of Burgoyne was falsely forsworne to the crowne of England; for he laied sege to Caleis, and did make a strong bastelle; to the which bastel Englisshemen made strong assaute ij tymes, and the iij^{d} tyme thei gate it, and token certeyn persons, and slough alle the remenaunt, and brent the bastelle; and than my lordes the dukes of Gloucestre, and of Northfolke, therle of Huntyngdon, therle of Stafford, and therle of Warwik, with many other lordes and barons, knyghts, and squiers, were apointed for to gone over and fight with the seid duke of Burgoyne; but the sege was broken er thei came there; for at that time alle the shyppes of England were arrestid, and went a werr fare half a yere, to for er these lordes went over the see: and thei did moche harme to our enymys; for thei toke Spaynardes, Britons, Flemyngs, Scotts, and other nacions of diverse contreis, and a galey chargid with diverse merchaundise. And than thei were countermandid to diverse havons of England for to have over the seid lordes; and at that tyme every lord found a certen of men of theire owne cost, and every feed man went with his lord: and every abbeie and house of religion founde certen men to gone over the see. Also at that tyme London found a certen of sowdiers to Caleis; and also gave unto the werres m^{l} li: and many other townes of this land found men to gone over the see: and my lord of Gloucestre toke his ship at Wynchelsee, and many other lordes with hym, and went furth to Caleis with alle his hoste, and the shippes aweytyng upon the hoste by the costes of Flaundres, the Munday next after seint Laurence day, in the yere of our lord m^{l} iiij^{c} xxxvij, and lay that night in the felde at a place callid Sparkes place, bisides Oye: and upon the morowe he passid the water of Gravenyng, at x of the belle, with l men nombrid a myle byneth the towne; and there he made knyghts, and passid to a village callid Meerdike; and that thei brent, and alle the townes as thei went. And also thei brent a good open towne callid Popryng, and many other villages; and a towne was callid Belle and so furth, West Flaundres; and our shippes brent an ile callid Cagent."

NOTE BBB. page 123.

A^{o}. xv. Hen. VI.—"In this yere the toure at the gate on London brigge, and ij arches with alle the housyng therupon fil downe into Thamyse, which no man cowde let to grete hurt. And this yere died quene Kateryne at Bermonsey, and was buried at Westminster in seint Marie chapel withynne thabbeie. And in this yere the kyng of Scotts was slayne in Scotland, of a knyght of the same land callid Sir Robert Grame."

NOTE CCC. page 123.

A^{o}. xvij. Hen. VI.—"In this yere the duke of Orliaunce went over the see to Caleis with certein lordes of this land, and so was delyvered by composicion made. And in this yere therle of Huntyngdon was sent into Gascoyne and Guyen. And wheat was at xvj^{d} a busshell alle that yere: and yet there was moch wheat brought out of Pruyte. And that yere was ordeyned that strumpettes shuld were rede hoddes and white roddes in there handes."

NOTE DDD. page 125.

A^{o}. xviij. Hen. VI.—"In this yere was ordeyned by parliament that al strangers shuld goo to oost. And this yere ij men were hangid in Thamys, at the last hille beyond seint Katerynes; for thei had robbid and murdred vitailers in the water. And in this yere Sir Richard Wiche sometyme vicarie of Depford, and another secular man were dampned for heretiks, and brent at Tour hille, in a mornyng at vij of the belle."

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[The following article is prefixed to the copy of the preceding Chronicle, in the Harleian MS. 565.]

COPIA TABULE PENDENTIS AD COLUMPNAM IUXTA TUMULUM DUCIS LANCASTR' IN ECCLESIA SANCTI PAULI LONDON'.

Ecclesia sancti Pauli London' continet infra limites suos tres acras terre et dimidiam. unam rodam et dimidiam et sex virgas constratas. Longitudo eiusdem ecclesie continet dclxxxx pedes. Latitudo eiusdem ecclesie continet cxxx pedes. Altitudo occidentalis testudinis continet ab ara cij pedes. Altitudo testudinis nove fabrice continet ab ara lxxxviij pedes. Cumulus ecclesie continet in Altitudine cl pedes cum cruce. Altitudo fabrice lapidie campanilis eiusdem ecclesie continet a plana terra cclx pedes. Altitudo fabrice lignee eiusdem campanilis continet cclxxiiij pedes. Attamen in toto non excedit quingentos et xx^{ti} pedes. Item pomellum eiusdem campanilis potest continere in sua concauitate si fuerit vacuum decem bussell' bladi cuius rotunditas dyametri continet xxxvj vncias. que faciunt tres pedes cuius circumferencia continet cxiij vncias que faciunt nouem pedes et dimid. cuius superficies si sit circumrotunda debet continere quatuor milia lxviij vncias que faciunt xxviij pedes quadratas et quartam partem vnius pedis quadrati. Hasta crucis eiusdem campanilis continet in altitudine xv pedes cuius transversorium continet sex pedes. In qua Cruce Anno Domini Millesimo ccc^{mo} xxxix^{o} xj^{mo} kl. Augusti videlicet in festo sancte Marie Magdalene multe preciose reliquie plurimorum sanctorum ad Salvacionem eiusdem et tocius edificii sibi subiecti cum magna processionis Solempnitate collate fuerunt vt Deus omnipotens per merita gloriosa omnium sanctorum quorum reliquie in illa Cruce continentur ab tempestate et periculo in sua proteccione conservare dignetur. De cuius misericordia omnibus fabrice huius ecclesie auxilium procurantibus xxvij Anni Cl. dies omni tempore anni conceduntur preter Staciones Romane que sunt xliiij^{or} anni et quam plura alia beneficia.

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COPIA ALTERIUS TABULE PENDENTIS AD MEDIAM COLUMPNAM. IBIDEM INTER DICTUM TUMULUM DICTI DUCIS ET TUMULUM SANCTI ROGERI NUPER EPISCOPI LONDON'.

[Sidenote: Inuencio imaginis crusifixi.]

Anno Domini C^{mo} xl^{o}. Invencio ymaginis crucifixi ad hostium Boriale sancti Pauli London'. in magno fluuio Thamisie. per Lucium primum Regem Anglie Christianum. Anno Domini Millesimo lxxxvij^{o} [Sidenote: Ecclesia sancti Pauli combusta.] mensis Julii die septimo Ecclesia sancti Pauli London' et omnia que in ea erant cum magna parte Civitatis igne erant consumpta. tempore Mauricii Episcopi London' regnante primo Rege Normannorum Willielmo Conquestore qui fundavit Monasteria de Bello in Sussex ubi ipse pugnaverat et Bermondesey iuxta London'. Anno Domini Millesimo C^{mo} [Sidenote: Londini maxima pars combusta.] xxxij^{do} Idus Aprilis combusta erat Civitas London in maxima parte ex igne Gilberti Beget. Anno Domini Millesimo C^{mo} xxxvij^{o} [Sidenote: Templum Pauli iterum combustum.] combusta erat ecclesia sancti Pauli London' per ignem ad pontem London' accensum et inde processit ad ecclesiam extra Barras noui [Sidenote: Nota.] templi London'. Anno Millesimo C^{mo} l^{mo} tam valida erat glacies quod Thamisia potuit per equestres pertransiri. Anno Millesimo [Sidenote: Anno iiij^{to} Regis Johannis.] ccij^{do} tante pluuie tonitrua et grandines ceciderunt ut lapides quadranguli ad quantitatem ovorum mixti cum pluuia de celo descenderunt ex quibus arbores vinee et segetes multum erant destructe homines erant contriti et aves per aiera volantes Visi sunt carbones ignitos in rostris deferre et domos incendere. Anno Domini Millesimo [Sidenote: Eodem Anno.] [Sidenote: Anno vj^{to} regis Johannis.] CC^{mo} iiij^{to} Incepit ordo fratrum predicatorum in Tholosanis [Sidenote: Eodem anno.] partibus sub Duce Dominico. Eodem anno yemps asperima a circumcisione domini vsque ad Annunciacionem perduravit. Anno Domini Millesimo [Sidenote: Anno vij^{o} regis H. iij^{cii}.] cc^{mo} xiiij^{o} Sanctus Franciscus incepit ordinem fratrum Minorum iuxta assisum. Et Anno Millesimo cc^{mo} xxiiij^{to} venerunt primo in Angliam per biennium ante obitum sancti Francisci. Anno Millesimo [Sidenote: Anno v^{to} regis H. tertij.] cc^{mo} xxj^{o} In festo sancte Luce Euangeliste irruit ventus vehemens a septentrione quaciens domos et pomeria nemora et turres ecclesiarum. Visi que sunt dracones ignei et maligni spiritus in [Sidenote: Anno xliij^{o} regis H. iij.] turbine volitare. Anno Millesimo cc^{mo} lviij^{o} apud Teukysbury quidam Judeus perdiem Sabbati cecidit in latrinam nec permisit se extrahi die Sabbati propter reuerenciam sui Sabbati. Set Ricardus de Clare Comes Glouernie non permisit eum extrahi die dominica sequente propter reuerenciam sui Sabbati. et sic mortuus est. Anno M^{o} [Sidenote: Anno ix^{o} regis E. sec'di.] ccc^{mo} xvj^{o} Magna lues animalium et hominum maxima que inundacio ymbrium fuit ex qua prouenit tanta bladi cariscia quod quarterium [Sidenote: Anno xxiiij^{to} regis E. tercij.] tritici pro xl. s'. vendebatur. Anno domini M^{o} ccc^{mo} xlviij^{o} Incepit magna pestilencia London' circa festum sancti Michaelis et duravit usque ad festum sancti Petri ad uincula proxime [Sidenote: A^{o}. xxxv^{to} et xxxvj^{to} regis E. tercij.] sequens. Anno Domini Millesimo ccc^{mo} lxj^{o} xviij kl. Februar. in festo sancti Mauri abbatis accidit ventus vehemens et terribilis per totam Angliam. Eodem anno fuit secunda pestilencia in qua obiit vir nobilis et Strenuus Henricus Dux Lancastrie. Anno Domini Millesimo [Sidenote: Anno xliij^{o} regis E. iij^{cii}.] ccc^{mo} lxviij^{o} erat tercia pestilencia in qua obiit nobilis domina Blanchia Lancastrie ducissa. que in ecclesia sancti Pauli [Sidenote: Anno v^{to} regis Ricardi secundi.] London' honorifice iacet tumulata. Anno Domini Millesimo ccc^{mo} lxxxij^{do} xij^{o} kl. Junii videlicet feria iiij^{ta} ante pentecosten inmediate post nonam erat terre motus magnus per totam Angliam.

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COPIA MAGNE TABULE IBIDEM PENDENTIS PER DICTAM TUMBAM DICTI ROGERI NUPER EPISCOPI LONDON'.

[Sidenote: Etates mundi.]

In principio creavit Deus celum et terram et omnia que in eis sunt. Sexto autem die a creacione mundi factus fuit prothoplasmus Adam. [Sidenote: 1.] Prima etas mundi ab Adam usque ad Noe secundum Ebreos continet Mille sexcentos quinquaginta sex annos. secundum Septuaginta interpretes duo Milia ducentos xl^{ta} iiij^{or} annos. Secundum vero Jeronimum non plene duo Milia. Secundum Metodum duo Milia. cuius diuersitatis causa est quia isti non computant secundum morem sacre scripture minucias temporum vel annorum que super sunt Millenis atque Centenis annis. A principio mundi vsque ad diluuium Noe duo Milia ducentos quinquaginta [Sidenote: 2.] sex annos. Secunda etas a Noe vsque ad Abraham continet secundum septuaginta Interpretes Mille septuaginta duos annos. Secundum Ebreos [Sidenote: 3.] Mille Ducentos viginti duos annos. Tercia etas ab Abraham vsque ad David continet secundum Ebreos octo centenos xl^{ta} duos annos. Secundum autem septuaginta Interpretes multo minus quoniam deficiunt [Sidenote: 4.] in duobus annis. Quarta etas a David usque ad transmigracionem Babilonis continet secundum Ebreos quatuor Centenos septuaginta tres annos. Secundum septuaginta interpretes parum minus quia deficiunt in [Sidenote: 5.] vno anno. Quinta etas a transmigracione Babilonis vsque ad Christum continet quinque Centenos octoginta quinque annos. Secundum alios [Sidenote: 6.] quinque Centenos nonaginta nouem annos. Sexta etas a Christo vsque ad finem mundi. Anni ab Origine mundi vsque ad incarnacionem domini nostri Jesu Christi quinque Milia nonaginta novem. Anni ab incarnacione eiusdem vsque ad passionem suam triginta tres imperfecti. Anni a creacione mundi vsque ad destruccionem Troie iiij m^{l} xxx anni. A destruccione Troie vsque ad construccionem noue Troie que nunc Londonia vocatur lxiiij^{or} anni. A construccione noue Troie ad construccionem Romane vrbis ccclxxxx anni. Ab vrbe condita vsque adventum Christi dccxv anni. Ab origine mundi iiij m^{l} lxxxxiiij post destruccionem Troie videlicet anno M^{l} C^{mo} quinto ante incarnacionem Christi. Brutus quidam nobilis de genere Troiano ortus cum magna multitudine Troianorum per responsum dee Diane in insulam a Gigantibus olim Albion vocatam et inhabitatam intravit et Gigantes omnes destruxit. inter quos erat quidam fortissimus nomine Gogmagog et terram illam nomine suo Britanniam vocauit. Deinde a Saxonibus sive ab Anglis eam conquerentibus vocata est Anglia. Et idem Brutus primus Rex Britonum construxit primam Britannie vrbem que nunc Londonia vocatur in memoriam Troie prius destructe vocans eam trinouantum id est Troiam nouam que per tempus longum Trinouans vocabatur. Regnante tunc Ely sacerdote in Judea et archa testamenti a Philisteis capta fuit. Post mortem Bruti regnarunt in Britannia lviij Reges. Deinde regnavit rex Lud qui muros vrbis Trinouantum fortiter edificauit que per ipsum Caerlud vocabatur. Anglice Loudesdon' et innumeris turribus circumcinxit quam pre omnibus Ciuitatibus regni amauit. Et ideo precepit vt domos et edificia edificarent que aliarum vrbium edificiis prepollerent. eo defuncto corpus eius in predicta vrbe iuxta Januam quam ipsemet construxit et a nomine suo Ludesgate vocata fuit nobilissime reconditum est. Demum Anglici vocauerunt eam Londene. Postmodum Normanni vocauerunt eam Loundres que Latine dicitur Londonia. Post mortem Lud regnauit Cassibellanus frater eius videlicet anno. lviij^{o}. ante incarnacionem Christi. tempore cuius venit Julius Cesar in Britanniam cum multitudine copiosa et bis deuictus et fugatus et expulsus. Tercio per auxilium Androgei ducis Kanc'. reuocatus in Britanniam eam Romane potestati tributariam fecit.

VERSUS.

Te quicunque reges. bene si vis noscere Reges Anglos vel leges. hec iterando leges. Reges maiores referam seu nobiliores Quando regnarunt et vbi gens hos timularunt. Mille quater deca. bis fit Adam Bruto prior annis.

Brutus etatis sue anno xv^{o}. egressus ab Italia ad Insulam Leogeciam nauigio perueniens. Dianam inibi consuluit dicens.

VERBA BRUTI: VERSUS.

Diua potens nemorum terror siluestribus apris Cui licet amfractus ire per ethereos Infernasque domos terrestria iura reuolue Et dic quas terras nos habitare velis Dic etiam sedem. qua te venerabor in euum Qua tibi virgineis. templa dicabo choris.

RESPONSIO DIANE.

Brute sub occasu solis. trans Gallica regna Insula in Oceano est vndique clausa mari Insula in Oceano est habitata gigantibus olim Nunc deserta quidem gentibus apta tuis. Hanc pete namque tibi sedes erit illa perhennis Hinc fiet natis altera Troia tuis. Hic de prole tua Reges nascentur et ipsis Totius terre subditus orbis erit.

Brutus tali responso confortatus classe parata. in Insulam Albion que nunc Anglia dicitur cum suis applicuit et in ea regnare cepit etatis sue anno xxxv^{to}. qui regni sui xxiiij^{to}. London' sepelitur. Anno Milleno. ducenteno. quadrageno quinto post mortem Bruti Rex Lucius extat. Anno gracie c^{mo}. xxiiij^{to}. Coronacio Lucii primi Regis Christiani. regnantis lxxvij annis London' sepultus est. A morte Bruti vsque ad regnum Arthuri regnarunt in Anglia diuisim C. Reges. quorum sexdecim erant Christiani. Anno d.xvj^{o}. Coronacio Arthuri Regis qui regnauit annis xxvj. de cuius obitu vel sepultura. certum non referunt historie. Anno diiij^{xx}vi^{to}. ab Anglis dicitur Anglia diuisa per octo regna id est Kanciam. Su'htsexiam. Westsexiam. Merciam. Estsexiam. Estangliam. Derram. et Berviciam. Anno dc^{mo}. primo. cepit regnare. Rex Sebertus. renouator ecclesie Westm'. quam beatus Petrus tunc dedicauit. in qua Rex ipse regni sui anno xv^{o}. timulatur. Anno dc^{mo} xxxv^{to}. Coronacio Oswaldi Regis regnantis novem Annis martirio coronatur. Anno dc^{mo}. xxxvj^{to}. Coronacio Oswyny Regis qui imperii sui anno ix^{o}. martirizatus iacet apud Tynmouth. Anno dcc^{mo}. lxxvj^{to}. Coronacio Ethelbristi Regis. qui regni sui anno viij^{o}. martir effectus Herefordie sepultus est. Anno dccc^{mo}. xxj^{o}: Coronacio et martirium Kenelmi Regis qui Wynchecombie conditus est. Anno dccc^{mo}. lv^{to}. Coronacio Edwardi Regis apud Bures qui post annos xv. martirio laureatus ibidem requiescit. Anno dccc^{mo}. lxxvj^{mo}. Coronacio Alfredi Regis primi Monarche Anglie. qui sui regiminis anno xxix^{o}. Wynton': humatus est. Anno dcccc^{mo}. primo. Coronacio Edwardi primi filii Alfredi apud Kingeston' hic annis xxiiij^{or}. imperauit London' sepelitur. Anno dcccc^{mo}. xxiiij^{to}. Coronacio Athelstani Regis apud Kyngeston'. qui post annos xvj Malmesbury sepultus est. Anno dcccc^{mo} xl^{o}. Coronacio Edwardi secundi Regis filii Athelstani apud Kyngeston'. hic anno regni sui sexto. Glaston' sepelitur. Anno dcccc^{mo}. xlvj^{to}. Coronacio Edredi Regis apud Kyngeston' qui regni sui anno ix^{o}. Wynton'. sepultus est. Anno dcccc^{mo}. lv^{to}. Coronacio Edwyni Regis apud Kyngeston hic annis quatuor regnauit Wynton' sepultus est. Anno dcccc^{mo} lix^{o}. Coronacio Edgari. Regis. qui regnauit xvj. annis iacet Glaston'. Anno dcccc^{mo} lxxv^{o}. Coronacio Edwardi secundi. filii Edgari apud Westm' qui regni sui anno iiij^{to}. martirio insignitus Septonie tumulatur. Anno dcccc^{mo} lxxix^{o}. Coronacio Ethelredi Regis apud Kyngeston' et anno xxxviij^{o}. regni sui London' sepelitur. Anno Millesimo xvj^{o}. Coronacio Edwardi tercii ferri lateris apud Kyngeston' et humatio apud Glaston'. Anno Millesimo xvij^{o}. Coronacio Knutonis Regis apud Westm' et regni sui anno xix^{o}. Wynton' sepultura. Anno Millesimo. xxxv^{to}. Coronacio Haroldi primi Regis. hic regni sui anno quinto London' humatus est. Anno Millesimo xl^{o}. Coronacio Hardeknuti Regis et anno secundo regni sui humatio. Wynton'. A natiuitate Jesu Christi vsque ad regnum secundi Edwardi Regis et confessoris fluxerunt diuisim in Anglia Centum Reges et lx^{ta} et quinque Reges. de quibus Oswynus Oswaldus. Ethelbertus Kenelmus Edwardus Edwardus Martirizati. et Constans Cedwallus Sebertus Wynfridus Ethelredus. Edbertus. Offa. et Kynredus in Monachatu sepulti sunt. Anno gracie Millesimo xlij^{do}. Coronacio sancti Edwardi Regis et confessoris apud Wynton' qui regni sui anno xxv^{to}. in ecclesia Westm' quam ipse constitui fecerat honorifice collocatur. Anno Millesimo lxvj^{to}. Coronacio Haraldi Ducis apud Westm' et sepultura illius apud Waltham. Anno Millesimo lxvij^{o}. Coronacio Willielmi primi Ducis Normannie apud Westm' qui regni sui anno xlvij^{o}. Angliam describi fecit in vno volumine dicto Domusday et Anno iiij^{o}. post cadamu' sepelitur. Anno Millesimo lxxx^{o}. Coronacio Willielmi Rufi. apud Westm'. et regni sui anno xiij^{o}. Wynton' tumulatur. Anno Millesimo C^{mo}. Coronacio Henrici primi Regis fratris Willielmi Rufi. apud Westm' regnantis xxxv. annis. apud Redyng sepultus est. Anno M^{o}. C^{mo} xxxv^{to}. Coronacio Stephani Regis apud Westm'. hic regni sui anno xix^{o}. Feuersham humatus est. Anno Millesimo C^{mo} liiij^{to}. Coronacio Henrici secundi imperatoris apud Westm' et anno regni sui xxxv^{to}. apud Fontem Ebraldi sepultura. Anno C^{mo} lxiiij^{to}. Translacio sancti Edwardi Regis et confessoris apud Westm' tertio Jdus. Octobr'. per beatum Thomam Archiepiscopum Cantuar'. Anno Millesimo C^{mo}. lxxxix^{o}. Coronacio Ricardi Regis apud Westm' qui cum regnasset annis xj^{im}. apud Fontem Ebraldi tumulatur. Anno Millesimo C^{mo}. lxxxxix^{o}. Coronacio Johannis Regis apud Westm' et sui regiminis Anno xviij^{o}. Wygorn' sepelitur. Anno Millesimo. CC^{mo}. xvj. Coronacio Henrici filii Regis Johannis apud Glouerniam qui Anno quarto sequente iterum coronatus est apud Westm'. regni sui lvij^{o}. ibidem tumulatur. Anno Millesimo CC^{mo}. lxxiiij^{io}. xiiij. kl. Septembr. Coronacio Edwardi primi post conquestum apud Westm' qui regni sui anno xxxv^{to}. ibidem sepelitur. Anno Millesimo ccc^{mo}. vij^{o}. x. kl. Marcij. Coronacio. Edwardi secundi. apud Westm'. qui regni sui Anno xx^{o}. Gloucestr. timulatur. Anno Millesimo ccc^{mo}. xxvj^{to}. Coronatur Edwardus tercius flos Milicie Christiane apud Westm' etatis sue anno xiiij^{o}. Anno Millesimo ccc^{mo}. xlvj^{to}. tercio die [Sidenote: Edwardus tercius subjugauit imperio suo villam de Caleys.] Septembr'. Idem dominus Rex Edwardus incepit obsidere villam de Caleys cum Castro et suam obsidionem continuauit vsque tercium diem Augusti anno reuoluto. quo die dicta villa cum Castro suo imperio subjugauit. Anno Millesimo ccc^{mo}. xl^{o}. viij^{o}. kl. Julij. Illustris Rex Anglie Edwardus tercius apud le Sclus Francigenas vicit in nauali bello. Anno Millesimo ccc^{mo}. xlvj^{to}. vij^{o}. kl. Octobr. per Anglicos debellantur Franci apud Cressy. Et Rex Boenie punitur. Eodem anno xvj^{o}. kl. Nouembr'. Scoti vincuntur ab Anglis apud Durham. et [Sidenote: David rex Scotie captus est.] capitur David Rex Scocie. Anno M^{o}. ccc^{mo}. l.vj^{to}. xiij^{o}. [Sidenote: Capcio Johannis Regis Francie.] kl. Octobr'. Capcio Johannis Regis Francie apud Peyters per principum Egregium Edwardum primogenitum Edwardi tercij Regis graciosi. Anno Millesimo ccc^{mo}. lxxvj^{to}. vj^{to}. Idus Junij obijt idem Princeps Edwardus quo die festum Trinitatis contingebat. Anno Millesimo ccc^{mo}. lxxvij^{o}. xj^{o}. kl. Julij. obijt Rex Edwardus tercius flos Milicie. Christiane. et tercio Nonas eiusdem. apud Westm' est sepultus. Anno regni sui l.j^{o}. Anno Millesimo ccc^{mo}. [Sidenote: Ric' filius Edwardi.] lxxvij^{o}. xvij^{o}. kl. Augusti apud Westm'. Coronacio Ricardi secundi filij Edwardi Principis Wallie anno etatis sue xj^{mo}. Anno Millesimo ccc^{mo}. lxxxxix^{o}. tercio Idus Octobr. apud Westm'. [Sidenote: Henricus iiij^{tus}.] Coronacio Illustris Regis Henrici quarti. Anno Millesimo. cccc^{mo}. xiij^{o}. nono die Aprilis apud Westm'. Coronacio Illustris Regis [Sidenote: Henricus quintus vitam obijt in Francia.] Henrici quinti qui apud Boys seynt Vyncent iuxta Parisiam in Francia vitam suam finiuit. vltimo die Augusti anno regni sui. x^{o}. incipiente. Et postea ossa sua apud Westm' sepulta fuerunt. Anno domini Millesimo cccc^{mo}. xxij^{do}. Henricus Rex Anglie Sextus. tunc puer non etatis vnius anni Coronatus fuit die sancti Leonardi Episcopi et confessoris apud Westm' anno regni sui viij^{o}. incipiente. Et postea. idem Rex coronatus fuit Rex Francie apud Parisiam. in ecclesia beate Marie ibidem. xvj^{o}. die Decembr'. anno regni sui x^{mo}. incipiente.

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A COPY OF THE TABLET HANGING AT THE COLUMN NEAR THE TOMB OF THE DUKE OF LANCASTER, IN THE CHURCH OF SAINT PAUL'S, LONDON.

The church of St. Paul, London, contains within its limits three acres of land and a half; one rood and a half, and six perches covered. The length of the same church contains dclxxxx feet. The breadth of the same church contains cxxx feet. The height of the western dome contains from the altar cij feet. The height of the dome of the new building contains from the altar lxxxviij feet. The whole pile of the church contains in height cl. feet with the cross. The height of the stone fabric of the belfry of the same church contains, from the level ground, cclx feet. The height of the wooden fabric of the same belfry contains cclxxiiij feet. But altogether it does not exceed five hundred and xx^{ty} feet. Also the ball of the same belfry is capable of containing, if it were vacant, ten bushels of corn; the rotundity of which contains xxxvj inches of diameter, which make three feet; the surface of which, if it were perfectly round, ought to contain four thousand lxviij inches, which make xxviij square feet, and the fourth part of one square foot. The staff of the cross of the same belfry contains in height xv feet. The cross beam of which contains six feet. In which cross, in the year of our Lord one thousand cccxxxix, on the xi^{th} of the kalends of August, namely on the feast of saint Mary Magdalene, many precious reliques of several saints were deposited with great solemnity of procession, for the preservation of the same cross and the whole building beneath them; that the Almighty God, through the glorious merits of all the saints whose reliques are contained in that cross, might deign to preserve them from tempest and peril under his protection. Of whose mercy to all the xxvij procuring succour to the fabric of this church, cl days are set apart at every time of the year, besides the Roman ordinances which are xliiij^{or} in the year, and very many other benefits.

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A COPY OF THE OTHER TABLET HANGING AT THE MIDDLE COLUMN AT THE SAME PLACE, BETWEEN THE SAID TOMB OF THE SAID DUKE AND THE TOMB OF SAINT ROGER LATELY BISHOP OF LONDON.

[Sidenote: The Invention of the image of the Crucifix.]

In the year of our Lord cxl, the Invention of the image of the Crucifix, at the northern door of saint Paul, London, in the great river of Thames, by Lucius the first Christian king of England. In the year of our Lord one thousand lxxxvij, on the seventh day of the [Sidenote: The church of St. Paul burnt.] month of July. The church of St. Paul, London, and all things which were in it, with great part of the city, were consumed by fire; in the time of Maurice bishop of London, and in the reign of the first king of the Normans, William the Conqueror who founded the Monasteries of Battle in Sussex, where himself had fought, and Bermondsey near London. In the year of our Lord one thousand cxxxij, the ides of [Sidenote: Most part of London burnt.] April, the city of London was burnt in chief part, from the fire of Gilbert Beget. In the year of our Lord one thousand cxxxvij the church [Sidenote: The church of Paul again burnt.] of saint Paul, London, was burnt by a fire kindled at London bridge, and which advanced thence to the church without the bars of the new temple, London. In the year one thousand cl, so strong was the ice, that the Thames could be crossed over by people on horseback. In the [Sidenote: The iiij^{th} year of king John.] year one thousand ccij such great rains, thunder and hail fell, that quadrangular stones, to the bigness of eggs descended from the sky mixt with rain; by which trees, vines, and cornfields were much destroyed; men were bruised, and birds flying through the air seemed [Sidenote: The same year.] to bear lighted coals in their beaks, and to set the houses on fire. [Sidenote: The vj^{th} year of king John.] In the year of our Lord one thousand cciiij, began the order of preaching freres in the parts of Tholouse under their founder Dominic. [Sidenote: The same year.] The same year a most bitter winter endured from the circumcision of [Sidenote: In the vij^{th} year of K. H. iij^{rd}.] our Lord until the annunciation. In the year of our Lord one thousand ccxiiij, St. Francis began the order of minor freres near Assise. And in the year one thousand ccxxiiij, they first came into England, two [Sidenote: In the v^{th} year of K. H. the third.] years before the decease of saint Francis. In the year one thousand ccxxj, at the festival of saint Luke the Evangelist a violent wind rushed from the north, shattering houses and orchards, and the towers of churches; and there were seen fiery dragons and evil spirits [Sidenote: In the xliij^{rd} of king H. iij.] fluttering in the tempest. In the year one thousand cclviij, at Teukysbury, a certain Jew on Saturday fell into a cesspool, and would not allow himself to be drawn out on the Saturday, on account of his reverence of his sabbath; but Richard de Clare earl of Gloucester would not allow him to be drawn out on the following Sunday because of [Sidenote: In the ix^{th} year of king Edw. second.] his reverence of his own sabbath; and so he died. In the year M. cccxvj, a very great pestilence of animals and men, and inundation of rains took place, whence was produced so great a dearness of corn, [Sidenote: In the xxiiij^{th} year of K. Edw. the third.] that a quarter of wheat was sold for xl s'. In the year of our Lord M. cccxlviij, there began a great plague at London, about the festival of saint Michael, and it endured until the festival of saint Peter ad [Sidenote: In the xxxv^{th} and xxxvj^{th} year of king Ed. third.] vincula next following. In the year of our Lord one thousand ccclxj, the xviij^{th} kl. of February, on the festival of saint Maurus abbot, happened a violent and terrible gale throughout all England. In the same year was a second plague, in which died that noble and brave man, [Sidenote: In the xliij^{rd} year of king Edw. third.] Henry duke of Lancaster. In the year of our Lord one thousand ccclxviij, was a third plague, in which died the noble lady Blanche, duchess of Lancaster; who lies honorably entombed in the church of [Sidenote: In the v^{th} year of king Richard second.] saint Paul, London. In the year of our Lord one thousand ccclxxxij, the xij^{th} kl. of June, namely, the iiij^{th} day before pentecost, immediately before noon, there was a great earthquake throughout all England.

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A COPY OF THE GREAT TABLET HANGING IN THE SAME PLACE, BY THE SAID TOMB OF THE SAID ROGER LATELY BISHOP OF LONDON.

[Sidenote: The ages of the world.]

In the beginning God created the heaven and earth and all things which are in them. But on the sixth day from the creation of the world, was [Sidenote: 1.] made the first-formed Adam. The first age of the world, from Adam to Noeh according to the Hebrews, contains a thousand, six hundred and fifty six years; according to the Seventy Interpreters, two thousand two hundred xliiij years. But according to Jerome not completely two thousand; according to Metodus two thousand. The cause of which diversity is, that these do not compute according to the manner of sacred Scripture the minutiae of times, or of years, which are over and above the thousands and hundreds of years. From the beginning of the world until Noeh's flood, are two thousand two hundred fifty six [Sidenote: 2.] years. The second age from Noeh until Abraham, contains according to the Seventy Interpreters, a thousand and seventy two years: according [Sidenote: 3.] to the Hebrews, a thousand two hundred and twenty two years. The third age from Abraham until David, contains according to the Hebrews, eight hundred and xl two years; but according to the Seventy Interpreters [Sidenote: 4.] much less, since they are deficient by two years. The fourth age from David until the carrying away captive into Babylon, contains according to the Hebrews, four hundred and seventy three years; according to the Seventy Interpreters little less, for they are deficient in one year. [Sidenote: 5.] The fifth age, from the carrying away captive into Babylon, until Christ, contains five hundred and eighty five years. According to [Sidenote: 6.] others, five hundred and ninety years. The sixth age is from Christ until the end of the world. The years from the beginning of the world until the incarnation of our Lord Jesus Christ, are five thousand ninety nine. The years from the incarnation of the same until his passion, thirty three incomplete. The years from the creation of the world until the destruction of Troy, iiij m^{l} xxx years. From the destruction of Troy until the erection of new Troy, which is now called London, lxiiij years. From the erection of new Troy to the erection of the Roman city, ccclxxxx years. From the building of the city until the coming of Christ, dcc.xv years. From the beginning of the world iiij m^{l} lxxxxiiij years, after the destruction of Troy, namely, in the mc and fifth year before the incarnation of Christ; Brutus, a certain noble person sprung of the Trojan race, with a great multitude of Trojans, through the response of the goddess Diana, entered into the island formerly called Albion and inhabited by giants; and destroyed all the giants, amongst whom was one very mighty, by name Gogmagog; and he called that land after his own name Britain. Afterwards by the Saxons or Angles that conquered it, it was called England. And the same Brutus the first king of the Britons constructed the first city of Britain, which is now called London, in remembrance of the Troy before destroyed, calling it Trinovantum, that is new Troy, which for a long time was called Trinovans. Ely the priest was then reigning in Judea, and the ark of the testimony captured by the Philistines. After the death of Brutus there reigned in Britain lviij kings. Afterwards reigned king Lud, who strongly built the walls of the city of the Trinovantes, which was by him called Caerlud, in English LOUDESDON, and surrounded it with innumerable towers; which he loved above all the cities of the realm, and therefore directed that they should build houses and edifices, which should surpass the buildings of other cities. At his death his corpse was most nobly laid up in the aforesaid city near the gate which he himself built, and was called from his name LUDESGATE. At length the English called it LONDENE: afterwards the Normans called it LOUNDRES which in Latin is called Londonia. After the death of Lud reigned Cassibellanus his brother, namely, in the lviij^{th} year before Christ's incarnation; in whose time came Julius Cesar into Britain with a copious multitude, and being twice overcome and routed and driven off, the third time being recalled into Britain, he, by the aid of Androgeus duke of Kent, made it tributary to the Roman power.

VERSES.

"Whosoever thou art: if thou wishest to know the English kings or laws, thou wilt read by perusing these. I will record the greater or nobler kings; when they reigned, and where the people buried them. Four thousand and a score years was Adam made before Brutus."

Brutus in the xv^{th} year of his age departing from Italy, arriving at the island Leogecia in his ship, consulted there Diana, saying:

THE WORDS OF BRUTUS: VERSES.

"O mighty Goddess of the woods, terror of the wild boars, who hast power to pass through ethereal space and the infernal abodes: unfold earthly fate; and say what lands thou wishest us to inhabit; Tell also the dwelling in which I shall venerate thee for ever; in which I shall consecrate temples to thee with virgin dances."

THE REPLY OF DIANA.

"Brutus, under the setting sun, beyond the Gallic realms, there is an island in the ocean all inclosed by sea; there is an island in the ocean, once inhabited by giants, now indeed desert, fit for thy tribes. This seek, for it shall be to thee a perpetual abode; Hence shall arise another Troy to thy sons; Here from thine offspring shall Kings be born, and to them shall all the earth be subject."

Brutus, comforted with such a reply, and having prepared a fleet, steered with his people into the Island Albion which is now called England, and began to reign therein, in the xxxv^{th} year of his age; who in the xxiiij^{th} of his reign is buried at London. In the year one thousand two hundred and forty five, after the death of Brutus, king Lucius flourishes. In the year of grace cxxiiij was the coronation of Lucius the first Christian king, who after reigning lxvij years, was buried at London. From the death of Brutus until the reign of Arthur, there reigned in England separately C kings, of whom sixteen were Christians. In the year dxvj, was the coronation of king Arthur, who reigned xxvj years; concerning whose death or burial, histories do not relate anything certain. In the year diiij^{xx}vj from the Angles, Albion is called Anglia, divided into eight kingdoms; that is, Kent, Suthsex, Westsex, Mercia, Estsex, Estanglia, Derram, and Bervic. In the year dc and one, began to reign king Sebert the renovator of the church of Westminster, which he then dedicated to the blessed Peter, in which the king himself in the xv^{th} year of his reign is entombed. In the year dcxxxv, the coronation of king Oswald, who after reigning nine years is crowned with martyrdom. In the year dcxxxvj the coronation of king Oswyny, who in the ix^{th} year of his reign being martyred, lies at Tynmouth. In the year dcclxxvj the coronation of king Ethelbrist, who in the viij^{th} year of his reign being made a martyr, was buried at Hereford. In the year dcccxxj the coronation and martyrdom of king Kenelm, who was buried at Wynchecombe. In the year dccclv the coronation of king Edward at Bures, who after xv years obtaining the laurels of martyrdom, rests in the same place. In the year dccclxxj the coronation of king Alfred, the first monarch of England; who in the xxix^{th} year of his government was buried at Wynton. In the year dcccc and one, the coronation of Edward the first, son of Alfred, at Kyngeston; he governed xxiiij^{or} years, and is buried at London. In the year dccccxxiiij, the coronation of king Athelstan at Kyngeston; he after xvj years was buried at Malmesbury. In the year dccccxl, the coronation of king Edward the second, son of Athelstan, at Kyngeston; he in the sixth year of his reign is buried at Glastonbury. In the year dccccxlvj, the coronation of king Edred at Kyngeston, who in the ix^{th} year of his reign was buried at Wynton. In the year dcccclv, the coronation of king Edwyn at Kyngeston; he reigned four years; and was buried at Wynton. In the year dcccclix, the coronation of king Edgar, who reigned xvj years; he lies at Glastonbury. In the year dcccclxxv, the coronation of Edward the second, son of Edgar, at Westminster, who in the iiij^{th} year of his reign adorned with martyrdom, is buried at Septon. In the year dcccclxxix, the coronation of king Ethelred at Kyngeston, and in the xxxviij^{th} year of his reign he is buried at London. In the year one thousand xvj, the coronation of Edward the third iron-side, at Kyngeston, and his burial at Glastonbury. In the year one thousand xvij, the coronation of king Knute at Westminster, and in the xix^{th} year of his reign, his burial at Wynton. In the year one thousand xxxv, the coronation of king Harold the first; he in the fifth year of his reign was buried at London. In the year one thousand xl, the coronation of king Hardeknute, and in the second year of his reign, his burial at Wynton. From the nativity of Jesus Christ until the reign of Edward the second, king and confessor, there passed separately in England a hundred kings, and lx^{ty} and five kings; of whom Oswyn, Oswald, Ethelbert, Kenelm, Edward, Edward, were martyred; and Constans, Cedwall, Sebert, Wynfrid, Ethelred, Edbert, Offa, and Kynred were buried in monks' orders. In the year of grace one thousand xlij, the coronation of saint Edward king and confessor, at Wynton; who in the xxv^{th} year of his reign is honorably inshrined in the church of Westminster, which he himself had made to be erected. In the year one thousand lxvj, the coronation of duke Harald at Westminster, and his burial at Waltham. In the year one thousand lxvij, the coronation of William the first, duke of Normandy, at Westminster; who in the xlvij^{th} year of his reign caused England to be described in a volume called DOMUSDAY; and in the iiij^{th} year after, is buried at Caen. In the year one thousand lxxx, the coronation of William Rufus at Westminster, and in the xiij^{th} year of his reign, he is buried at Wynton. In the year one thousand C the coronation of king Henry the first, brother of William Rufus, at Westminster, who after reigning xxxv years, was buried at Redyng. In the year Mcxxxv, the coronation of king Stephen at Westminster, he in the xix^{th} year of his reign was buried at Feversham. In the year one thousand cliiij, the coronation of the emperor Henry the second at Westminster, and in the xxxv^{th} year of his reign, his burial at Fontevrault. In the year one thousand clxiiij, was the translation of saint Edward king and confessor, at Westminster, on the third of the Ides of October, by the blessed Thomas archbishop of Canterbury. In the year one thousand clxxxix, the coronation of king Richard at Westminster, who when he had reigned xj^{en} years, was buried at Fontevrault. In the year one thousand clxxxxix, the coronation of king John at Westminster; and in the xviij^{th} year of his government he is buried at Wygorn. In the year one thousand ccxvj, the coronation of Henry, son of king John at Gloucester; who in the fourth year following was again crowned at Westminster; in the lvij^{th} of his reign is interred at the same place. In the year one thousand cclxxiiij, the xiiij. kl. of September, the coronation of Edward the first after the Conquest, at Westminster, who in the xxxv^{th} year of his reign is buried at the same place. In the year one thousand cccvij, the x kl. of March, the coronation of Edward the second at Westminster; who in the xx^{th} year of his reign is buried at Gloucester. In the year one thousand cccxxvj, is crowned Edward the third, the flower of the Christian knighthood, at Westminster, in the xiiij^{th} year of his age. In the year one thousand cccxlvj, on the third day of September, the same [Sidenote: Edward the third subjugated to his dominion the city of Caleys.] lord king Edward began to besiege the town of Caleys with the castle, and continued his siege until the third day of August, the succeeding year, on which day he subjugated the said town with the castle to his dominion. In the year one thousand cccxl, the viij kl. of July, the illustrious king of England Edward the third conquered the French at le Sclus in a naval engagement. In the year one thousand cccxlvj the vij^{th} kl. of October, the French are vanquished by the English at Cressy, and the king of Bohemia is punished. In the same year, the xvj^{th} kl. of November, the Scots are overcome by the English at [Sidenote: David king of Scotland is taken.] Durham, and David king of Scotland is taken. In the year M^{l}. ccclvj [Sidenote: The capture of John, king of France.] the xiij^{th} kl. of October, was the capture of John king of France at Peyters, by the excellent prince Edward the first-born of the gracious king Edward the third. In the year one thousand ccc lxxvj, the vj^{th} of the Ides of June, died the same prince Edward, on which day fell the festival of the Trinity. In the year one thousand ccclxxvij, the xj^{th} kl. of July, died king Edward the third, the flower of the Christian knighthood; and on the third of the nones of the same month, he was buried at Westminster, in the lj^{st} year of his reign. In the year one thousand ccclxxvij, the xvij^{th} kl. of [Sidenote: Richard, son of Edward.] August, at Westminster, was the coronation of Richard the second, son of Edward prince of Wales, in the xj^{th} year of his age. In the year one thousand ccclxxxxix, the third of the Ides of October, at [Sidenote: Henry iiij^{th}.] Westminster, was the coronation of the illustrious king Henry the fourth. In the year one thousand ccccxiij, the ninth day of April, at [Sidenote: Henry the fifth died in France.] Westminster, was the coronation of the illustrious king Henry the fifth; who, at Boys Seynt Vyncent near Paris in France, ended his life on the last day of August, in the x^{th} year of his reign, commencing. And afterwards his bones were interred at Westminster. In the year of our Lord one thousand cccc xxij, Henry the sixth king of England, then a child of not the age of one year, was crowned on the day of saint Leonard bishop and confessor, at Westminster, in the viij^{th} year of his reign, commencing. And afterwards, the same king was crowned king of France at Paris, in the church of the blessed Mary there, on the xvj^{th} day of December, in the commencement of the x^{th} year of his reign.



ILLUSTRATIONS.

In the 36th page of the preceding Chronicle it is stated that "In this yere (1295) the kyng [Edward the first] was defraunded of his lond in Gascoigne in this manner, sothly: the kyng hadde yoven the forseyd lond of Gascoyne to the kynges suster of Fraunce, for that she schulde be yoyned to hym in fre mariage: and be some of his counseill enfeffed here in the sayd lond of Gascoigne, whiche lond of Gascoigne sche yaf to Charles here brother, and to other; and the matrymoigne betwen here and kyng Edward sche sette at noughte, and wolde noughte stonden therto."—That circumstance is the subject of the following Fragment of a curious Poem preserved in the archives of the Corporation of the City of London, in the MS. entitled Liber Custumarium, fol. 84; from which it has been extracted by the obliging permission of Henry Woodthorpe, Esq. the Town Clerk. The leaf which contained the concluding stanzas has been lost; but judging from the number of those which remain, it originally consisted of about nine more verses. It is written in the hand of the period in which the events to which it alludes took place, and as the documents in the volume from which it is copied end in the succeeding reign, there is every reason to presume that it was entered in the Records of the City of London within a short period after it was composed. Every line of each verse contains the same letter in the middle of the line, and every line ends with the same letter: these two letters are placed in the middle and at the end of each verse, separated from the words to which they belong, but connected with them by lines in the manner in which the first verse of the Poem is here printed, and which has been considered sufficient to show the singular manner in which it was originally written.

HIC INCIPIT QUIDA' RISMUS F'TUS DE P'DIC'ONE VASCON' ET DE RIUSD' CONQUESTU P' R' E' FILIU' REG' H'.

Satis novit seculu De lingua Galloru / Qualiter fit speculu / Patens traditoru ===m===/ ===m Quia p' p'fidia/ / Pessimam ip'oru/ / / / Jam p'dit Vasconia/ Princeps Anglicoru/

Rex fidem adhibuit Dictus Gallicorum Egit quod non debuit Nam fraus miserorum Seriem composuit Quorumdam verborum Que Regi transposuit Cetus nunciorum

Per verba credencie Nuncii dixerunt Q'd magnates Francie Simul tractaverunt Qdq; Regi Anglie Dare voluerunt Natam Regis Gallie Heu q'd hic venerunt

Ad hec dux Burgundie Quidam nunciorum Ait q'd in flumine Multi Northmannorum Perierunt pridie Per nautas Anglorum Additis hastucie Causis Bayonorum

Ut ergo concordia Pacis jam addatur Et omnis discordia Prorsus repallatur Celsitudo regia Francie precatur Q'd sibi vasconia Totalis reddatur

Proponit brevissime Vos tunc reseisire De terra vasconie Nec quid deperire Ius v'r'm certissime Potestis hoc scire Si q'd petit p'pere Placet exaudire

Si seisinam habeat Per sex septimanas Tunc mandare placeat Q'd transire lanas Gens anglor' faciat Et sic causas vanas Pars utraq; deleat Res collando sanas

Ait vir considera Rex que petierunt Nova sunt non vetera Hec que tibi ferunt Pulcram inter cetera Tibi promiserunt Prout dicit littera Quam Galli miserunt

Hoc audito Langetum Statim prosilivit Ad regem consilium Dedit sicut scivit Et Lacy p' sompnium Certe non dormivit Quin eiusdem devium Seisine nutrivit

Puellam rex diligens Vinculis amorum Penitus consensiens Dictis consultorum Fieri precipiens Litteras servorum Pro dolor nam nesciens Erat futurorum

Demum in Vasconia J. Lacy p'rexit Litteras ab Anglia Secumq; devexit Ac sub manu Gallia Vascones contexit Anglis inutilia Heu' q'd tot aspexit

Gallici Vasconiam Sibi subjugarunt Et in manum Anglicam Dare recusarunt Neq; regis filiam In spousam pararunt Regi dare quoniam Ip'm subsannarunt

Exp'tem Vasconie Foris judicarunt Magni pares Francie Et exheredarunt Regem n'r'm Anglie Parum hunc amarunt Nam causam malicie Sibi demonstrarunt

Audiens p'fidiam Rex exheredatus Quam habet p' F'nciam Satis est iratus Jurat p' ecc'iam Non erit letatus Quousq; Vasconiam Fuerit lucratus

Rex vocat Pontifices Ad parliamentum Et Anglorum Comites Flores sapientum Quinq; Portus fomites Barones p' centum Volant ut irundines In mari p' ventum

Clerus et milicia Gentis Anglicane Vovent cum leticia Q'd seroq; mane Parantur ad omnia Que genti p'phane Francie sunt noxia Nam sup'bit vane

Rex Anglor' nobilis Vocatus Edwardus Ferox est et stabilis Tanq'm leopardus Fortis et non debilis Velox et non tardus[135] Senciet id flebilis Pomposus Picardus.

[Footnote 135: A similar description of Edward the First, which was suggested by his arms, occurs in the "Roll of Carlaverock," a poem composed in the year 1300.

"En sa baniere trois luparte De or fin estoint mis en rouge Courant felloun fier et harouge Par tel signifiance mis Ke ausi est vers ses enemis Le Rois fiers felouns et hastans Car sa morsure n'est tastans Nuls ki ne en soit envenimez."]

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P. 37. Anno 24 Edward I, 1296. "Also in this yere S^{r}. Thomas Turbevyle for treson was drawen and hanged."

Of the conduct which caused Sir Thomas Turbeville's execution, the following fragment of a curious contemporary poem in the Cottonian MS. Caligula A. xviij, presents perhaps the most accurate information which is extant. It immediately precedes, and is written in the same hand as, the only contemporary copy of the Roll of Carlaverock which is known to exist, and hence it is highly probable that it was composed by the same person. Under any circumstances, however, it cannot fail to be deemed to possess sufficient interest to render it a valuable illustration to the passage in the text.

Seignurs e dames estutez De un fort tretur orrez Ke aveit pur veu une treson Thomas Turbelvile ot a non A Charlys aveit p'mis E jure par seint Denys Ke il li freit tute Englet'e Par quentise e treson conquere E Charles li premist grant don Teres e bon garison Li treitre a Charlis dit Ke il aparillast sanz respit De bone nefs grande navie E de gent forte co'paignie E il le freit par tens garner Ou il dussent ariver En Engleter sodeinement Li traiture sanz targement en Englet'e tot se mit Au rei sire Edewars vint e dist Ke si apres li vodera fere Tutes ses choses deust co'quer Ki sire Charlis li aveit A force e a tort tollet Issi ke' li losengur de ambe part fu t'tur Sire Edeward nentendi mie Del treitre sa tricherie Ke il aveit issi purveu A grant honur le ad receu E en sa curt fut grant mestre Q'nt ot espie tut son estre E le conseil de Engleter Li treitre feseit un bref fere A sire Charlis priveme't On ariver devisse't sa gent En Engletere e li pais prendre A sire Edeward fu fet entendre Cum den le ont destine E le bref ly fut mustre E tout ensemble la treson Li rei fit prendir cel felon Thomas le treitur deva't dit Ke fist fere cel estrit A Lundres par mie la citee Treigner le fist en une coree De une tor envolupe Nul autreme't ne fut arme Haume nont ne habergun Cillante pierres a g'nt fusui' Aveit il entur son flanc Ke li raerent le sanc Apres fu li traiture pendu E le alme a la Belzebub rendu Je aveit autre gareson Issi deit len servir felon En furches peut li malurez Des chenes e de fer liez Nul home nel deit enterrer Tant cu' son cors porra durer Iloec pendra cel trichur Ten garison ad pur son labour Ore puira Charles pur ver Apres li longem't garder Einz kil venge pur sa treison Demander de li garison Sire Edeward pur la g'nt navye De France ne dona une aylle De vaillante gent fist la mer De tut part mut ben garder De Engleter sunt failliz Ly Franceys e sunt honiz En la mer grant tens flote'nt Li cors plusurs de eus tuere't A Dovere firent sodoineme't Une assaut e de lur gent Plus de v sent y perdirent Unkes plus de prou ne firent Ore sunt tuz ieo quide neez Ou en lur teris retornez E penduz pur lur servise Ke Engleter naveyent prise E ceo Charles lour p'mist Si nul de ens revenist Sire Charles bon chevaler Lessez ester ton guerrer Acordez a ton cosin E pur pensez de la fin Si Engleter guerirez James ben nes pleyterez Je ne firent voz ancestres Ke se tindrent si grant mestres Ly ducs Lowys ton parent E stace le moyne enseme't E autres Franceys assez Ke ne sunt pas ici nomez Damne deu omnipotent Vo' doynt bon acordement avie.

* * * * *

P. 57. "This same yere [anno 14th Edw. III. 1340] the kyng faught with the Frensshmen at Scluse, where there were sclayn of Frensshmen xxx m^{l}; and the kyng toke and scomfyted at the sayd bataill of Scluse cccx schippes." Of this passage, the following letter from king Edward the Third to Edward the Black Prince, giving an account of his victory over the French fleet at Sclyse, on Saturday the 24th of June 1340,—which, with the permission of Henry Woodthorpe, Esq., the Town Clerk, has also been extracted from the City Archives, letter F. fol. 39,—is an interesting illustration. This document, which has escaped the attention of Historians, presents an authentic detail of that memorable event; and it is evident from it that Robert de Avesbury, the contemporary writer upon whom the greatest reliance has hitherto been placed, has fallen into some errors in his narrative of the transaction. He informs us that on the day after the battle a rumour of it reached London, but that it was discredited until the ensuing Wednesday, namely the 28th of June, when the Prince of Wales received a letter from the king informing him of his success, of which letter that writer asserts that the annexed was a copy:

"Edwardus Dei Gracia Rex Angliae et Franciae et Dominus Hiberniae, &c. Effusam circa nos hiis diebus propiciacionis divinae clemenciam, ad vestri contemplacionem et laeticiam, vobis ducimus intimandam. Scitis autem, immo vos et alios[136] fideles nostri quadam participacione sensitis, quantis fuimus et sumus guerrarum lacessiti turbinibus, et velut in mari magno procellosis fluctibus agitati. Sed licet sint mirabiles elaciones maris, mirabilior tamen in altis Dominus, qui procellam convertens in auram, jam inter tot adversa clementissime nos respexit. Nam cum pridem ordinassemus passagium nostrum necessarium versus partes Flandriae, Dominus Philippus de Valesio, persecutor noster infestissimus, hoc praevidens, classem maximam navium armatarum quam in expugnacionem nostram nostrorumque fidelium misit, ut vel sic nos caperet, vel nostrum transitum impediret. qui transitus si, quod absit, fuisset impeditus, ardua negocia, quae prosequimur, fuissent penitus in ruina: quinimmo nos et nostri fuissemus verisimiliter confusionis[137] magnae subjecti. Sed Deus misericordiarum, videns nos in tantis periculis constitutos, graciosius et cicius, quam humana racio judicare poterat, misit nobis magnum navale subsidium, et insperatum numerum armatorum, ac semper ventum prosperum juxta votum, et sic, sub spe coelestis auxilii, et justiciae nostrae fiducia, dictum portum navigio venientes, invenimus dictam classem et hostes nostros ibidem paratissimos ad praelium in multitudine copiosa; quibus, in festo Nativitatis Sancti Johannis Baptistae proximo praeterito, ipse spes nostra Christus deus per conflictum fortem et validum nos praevalere concessit, facta strage non modica dictorum hostium, capta eciam quodammodo tota dicta classe, cum laesione gentis nostrae modica respective, sicque tucior de cetero patebit transitus nostris fidelibus supra mare, et alia bona plurima sunt ex hoc nobis et nostris fidelibus verisimiliter proventura, de quo spes pulcherima jam arridet. Nos autem, tantam coelestem graciam devotissime contemplantes, ipsi Salvatori nostro laudes et gracias humiliter exsolvimus, deprecantes, ut, qui jam et semper in oportunitatibus copiosis graciis[138] nos praevenit continuatis, nos auxiliis prosequatur, et nobis regere temporaliter sic concedat in terris, ut in eo laetemur aeternaliter in excelsis. Dileccionem vestram attente rogamus et per Dei misericordiam obsecramus, quatinus soli Deo vivo, qui tantum signum nobiscum fecit in bonum, in devotae laudis praeconium assurgentes, nos, jam in remotis agentes, et nedum jura nostra recuperare, sed sanctam ecclesiam catholicam attollere, et in justicia populum regere cupientes, sibi devotis oracionum instanciis recomendare curetis, facientes pro nobis missas, et alia piae placacionis officia misericorditer exerceri, et ad hoc clerum et populum vestrae diocesis salutaribus monitis inducatis, ut Deus ipse, miseratus nobis, progressum felicem et exitum annuat graciosum, detque servo suo cor docile, ut recte judicare possimus et regere et sic facere quod praecipit, ut mereamur assequi quod promittit. Teste Edwardo duce Cornubiae et Comite Cestriae filio nostro carissimo Custode Angliae apud Waltham Sanctae Crucis xxviii^{vo}. die Junii, anno Regni nostri Angliae xiiii^{to}. Regni vero Franciae primo."

[Footnote 136: Sic.]

[Footnote 137: Sic.]

[Footnote 138: Sic.]

It is however manifest from that document having been tested by the Prince of Wales, that it was rather a proclamation issued in consequence of the dispatch from the king to the prince, than the dispatch itself, of which the letter now for the first time printed may be deemed the only copy which is extant. Nor must it be forgotten that the date affixed to the article given by Avesbury tends to excite a suspicion of its authenticity; for it is tested by the prince at Waltham Holy Cross upon the precise day, the 28th of June, on which the king's letter was written, and which could not therefore possibly have arrived on the day in question at Waltham. It is somewhat singular that as the battle was concluded on the 25th of June, the king should not have written until the 28th; but this may perhaps be accounted for by those arrangements which his success would necessarily have required, and which may be supposed to have engaged the monarch's whole attention for some days. The letter in Avesbury's Annals gives no particulars of the battle, though that writer relates that the enemy were beaten; that more than thirty thousand of them were slain; that many leapt into the sea from fear and were drowned; and that their fleet consisted of two hundred large ships, on board of one of which four hundred dead bodies were found. The Royal dispatch, however, affords much more minute information, and corrects the statements both in Avesbury and in the preceding Chronicle. It asserts that the French fleet amounted to one hundred and eighty sail; that they were nobly defended the whole of a day and a night; that they were all captured in the engagement excepting twenty-four which took to flight, and part of them were subsequently taken at sea; that the number of the men at arms and other armed persons amounted to thirty-five thousand, of whom five thousand escaped; that the English ships captured by the French at Middleburgh were then retaken; and that among the prizes were three or four as large as 'the Christopher,' which we may infer was then the largest ship of the English navy.

It is unquestionable from what has been said, that this document supplies some important facts in the history of the times, whilst its entry among the Records of the City of London tends to establish that the Mayor of the city was accustomed at that early period to receive an official account of every public transaction, and of which another example will be found in a subsequent page.

The events which led to the battle of the Swyne, or as it is more generally termed of the Scluse, are too familiar to require repetition.

"NOTA DE BELLO AQUATICO:— L'RA D'NI E' DIRETT' FILIO SUO DUCI CORNUB' DE BELLO SUP' MARE P'CUSSO DIE NATIVIT' S'C'I JOH'IS BAPT'

"Tresch' fitz no' pensoms bien q' vo' estes desirons assavoir bones novelles de no' et coment il no' est avenuz puys n're aler Denglet're si vo' fesom savoir q' le Joedi'[139] ap's ceo q' no' dep'times du Port Dorewe[-ll-],[140] no' siglames tut le iou ret la nuyt suaunte, et le vendredi[141] en tour hour de noune no' venismes s' la costere de fflaundres devant Blankebergh ou no' avioms la vewe de la fflote de nos enemys qi estoyent tut amassez ensemble en port del Swyne et p' ceo q' la Tyde nestoit mis adonges p' assembler a eux no' yherbergeasmes tut cel noet le samady le iour de seint Johan[142] bien ap's houre de noune a la Tyde nous en noun de Dieu et en espoire de n're droite querele entrames en dit port s' nos ditz enemys qi avoyent assemble lours niefs en moult fort array et lesqu'x fesoient ml't noble defens tut cel iour et la noet ap's, mes dieu p' sa puissaunce et miracle no' ottroia la victorie de mesmes noz enemys de qai no' m'cioms si devoutement come no' poems. Et si vo' fesoms savoir q' le nombre des niefs galeyes et g'nt barges de nos enemys amounta a ix^{xx} et ditz, lessqueles estoient toutz pris sauve xxiiij. en tut lesqueles senfuirent et les uns sont puye pris s' mier et le nombre des gentz darmes et autres gentz armez amounta a xxxv Mi[-ll-] de quele nombre p' esme cink' M^{l} sont eschapees, et la remenaunt ensi come no' est donc a entendre p' ascuns gentz q' sont pris en vie, si gissent les corps mortz et tut pleyn de lieux s^{r} la costere de fflaundres. Dautre p't totes nos niefs, cest assavoir Cristofre et les autres qi estoient p'dues a Middelburgh, sont ore regaignez, et il yount gaignez en ceste navie trois ou quatre auxi graundes come la Cristofre: les fflemengs estoient de bone volente davoir venuz a no' ala bataille du commencement tanqe ala fin issint dieu n're seign^{r} ad assez de grace monstre de qei' no' et toutz nos amys sumes tut ditz tenutz de lui rendre grace et m'ciz. N're entent est a demorer en pees en le ewe taunt qe no' eoms pris c'teyn point ove no' alliez et autres nos amys de fflandres de ceo q' soit affaire. Trescher fitz dieu soit gardeyn de vo'. Don' souz n're secree seal en n're nief Cogg[143] Thom', le Mescredy en la veille seint Piere et seint Paoul.[144]