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1001 Questions and Answers on Orthography and Reading
by B. A. Hathaway
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235. What, with regard to the voice, is an important object to every speaker and reader? The important object is to have a full, even tone of voice.

236. What key of the voice should be most diligently improved? The natural key, or that which is used most.

237. What is meant by the natural key or pitch? That which is peculiar to the individual, and in which he can use most easily to himself, and most agreeably to others.

238. How can the natural tone of voice be strengthened? By reading and speaking as loud as possible, without suffering the voice to rise into a higher key.

239. What is the best method of strengthening the natural key? By speaking and reading strong, animated passages in a small room.

240. How may low tones be acquired? By continued practice in a lower key than the natural.

241. How may a high key be acquired? In the same manner as a low key; by pitching the voice first a little higher than the natural, and mastering that thoroughly, then still higher and higher.

242. What is meant by Rotundity of the voice? That peculiar form of tone which the Romans called "Ore rotundo," which signifies "Round mouth."

243. In what kind of sentences is the Rotundity of the voice exemplified? In the hailing of vessels, and is used especially by sailors and officers.

244. Which is the most difficult: to raise the voice to a higher pitch, or to bring it to a lower? The lowering of the voice is more difficult, and requires great care and practice.

245. What is a common fault with most public speakers? To run the voice into too high a key, and thus weary the hearers.

246. What is a good rule by which to govern the voice? To start on a key lower than the natural, and thus avoid running too high.

247. What are the principal styles of different reading selections? Descriptive, Narrative, Senatorial, Moral, Didactic, Dramatic, and Amusing.

248. What tone of voice should be used in reading a Descriptive selection? The ordinary, natural tone, with a careful use of emphasis.

249. What tone of voice is best adapted to the reading of a Narration? The conversational tone, with as little reference to the printed page as possible.

250. What style is the best adapted to Senatorial reading? An imitative style and tone, being careful in the use of the emphatic pause.

251. What tone is best adapted to the reading of Moral and Religious selections? Low and moderate tone, expressing feeling and sentiment, being careful not to read too fast.

252. What style is best adapted to Didactic reading? That peculiar style which is best adapted to impart instruction, laying special stress on the important idea.

253. What style and tone are best adapted to the reading of Dramatic selections? A style and tone which are entirely imitative in character.

254. What tone or character of voice is best suited to the rendering of Amusing selections? That which will bring out the mirthful sentiment, to the exclusion of all rules for accent, emphasis, etc.

255. Should all persons use the same tones of voice and style in reading selections? They should not; as individuals are differently constituted, so they have different ways of expressing their ideas and sentiments.



MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISES.

SPELLING ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED.

1. Abaissement. 2. Abductor. 3. Abelmoschus. 4. Aberration. 5. Abies. 6. Ablepsy. 7. Abnormal. 8. Abouchement. 9. Abscess. 10. Abscission. 11. Absinthium. 12. Abstergent. 13. Abominable. 14. Aborigines. 15. Abridgment. 16. Absinthe. 17. Abstemious. 18. Abstrusely. 19. Abysmal. 20. Acacia. 21. Academician. 22. Acanthus. 23. Acarpous. 24. Acaulous. 25. Accede. 26. Accelerate. 27. Accessible. 28. Accessory. 29. Accomplice. 30. Accostable. 31. Accoutre. 32. Acephalous. 33. Acerbity. 34. Acescent. 35. Acetify. 36. Acetometer. 37. Ache. 38. Achievable. 39. Achromatic. 40. Acicular. 41. Acolyte. 42. Acoustic. 43. Acquiesce. 44. Acquittal. 45. Acreage. 46. Acrobat. 47. Acropolis. 48. Acrostic. 49. Actualize. 50. Aculeate. 51. Baa. 52. Bacchanal. 53. Backsheesh. 54. Baconian. 55. Bagatelle. 56. Balk. 57. Bandelet. 58. Barbican. 59. Baryta. 60. Barru. 61. Basalt. 62. Basic. 63. Basilica. 64. Basilisk. 65. Bastile. 66. Baccae. 67. Caboodle. 68. Cacoethes. 69. Cacophony. 70. Cadaverous. 71. Cadenza. 72. Caducus. 73. Caduceus. 74. Caique. 75. Caisson. 76. Caecal. 77. Calaboose. 78. Calciferous. 79. Caffeine. 80. Calcined. 81. Caldarium. 82. Caligo. 83. Calorimeter. 84. Caltha. 85. Calx. 86. Catechu. 87. Cellular. 88. Chemosis. 89. Chiastre. 90. Chilblain. 91. Chymification. 92. Cilium. 93. Clematis. 94. Cochineal. 95. Codeia. 96. Contagious. 97. Coronoid. 98. Dacryoma. 99. Dahline. 100. Daphne. 101. Datura. 102. Deciduous. 103. Decollation. 104. Dactylology. 105. Dahlia. 106. Decumbent. 107. Degmus. 108. Dawdle. 109. Dengue. 110. Deltoid. 111. Debut. 112. Decastyle. 113. Deliquium. 114. Decennial. 115. Dentatus. 116. Dentagra. 117. Demesne. 118. Diaphysis. 119. Diastole. 120. Didym. 121. Desuetude. 122. Echinus. 123. Echinops. 124. Ecarte. 125. Ebullition. 126. Eclat. 127. Edacious. 128. Eclysis. 129. Ecphlysis. 130. Eider. 131. Eke. 132. Effete. 133. Elysian. 134. Egophony. 135. Empiric. 136. Empyrean. 137. Encaustic. 138. Enceinte. 139. Elaine. 140. Encore. 141. Encyclical. 142. Encysted. 143. Elephas. 144. Enmity. 145. Ensconce. 146. Facet. 147. Facetious. 148. Facial. 149. Factitious. 150. Falderals. 151. Falsetto. 152. Fantasia. 153. Fascicle. 154. Fauces. 155. Fauna. 156. Febrile. 157. Felly. 158. Felloe. 159. Fuzz. 160. Gala. 161. Gamboge. 162. Gamut. 163. Ganoid. 164. Gaol. 165. Garrote. 166. Gawk. 167. Gelatine. 168. Gelid. 169. Gemini. 170. Genial. 171. Geode. 172. Geognosy. 173. Geodesy. 174. Georama. 175. Hegira. 176. Heifer. 177. Helix. 178. Helve. 179. Hernia. 180. Hexahedron. 181. Hexastyle. 182. Hockle. 183. Hone. 184. Hookah. 185. Horologe. 186. Icarian. 187. Ibis. 188. Ibex. 189. Ichor. 190. Ichneumon. 191. Ichthyolite. 192. Ides 193. Idiom. 194. Idyl. 195. Ignescent. 196. Iguana. 197. Ileum. 198. Impede. 199. Impennate. 200. Indocile. 201. Inebriate. 202. Insidious. 203. Jabber. 204. Jacinth. 205. Jackal. 206. Jaconet. 207. Jalap. 208. Jaguar. 209. Janitor. 210. Jeer. 211. Jejune. 212. Jujube. 213. Junket. 214. Juno. 215. Kale. 216. Katydid. 217. Kistvaen. 218. Kyanize. 219. Lac. 220. Labyrinth. 221. Lachrymal. 222. Landwehr. 223. Limbo. 224. Llama. 225. Loo. 226. Mab. 227. Macaw. 228. Machinate. 229. Madrigal. 230. Magenta. 231. Monolith. 232. Nard. 233. Naphtha. 234. Nadir. 235. Naiad. 236. Niggard. 237. Nympha. 238. Obesity. 239. Obloquy. 240. Obverse. 241. Occiput. 242. Ochre. 243. Pabulum. 244. Palanquin. 245. Paletot. 246. Replevin. 247. Resuscitate. 248. Sabaoth. 249. Sacerdotal. 250. Sacrum. 251. Sadducee.

PROPER NOUNS TO SPELL.

1. Aaron. 2. Abdiel. 3. Abiezer. 4. Adolphus. 5. Albion. 6. Alexander. 7. Alonzo. 8. Alpheus. 9. Alvah. 10. Alwin. 11. Ammi. 12. Amos. 13. Andronicus. 14. Antony. 15. Apollos. 16. Aristarchus. 17. Artemas. 18. Azariah. 19. Augustus. 20. Asher. 21. Baldwin. 22. Barnabas. 23. Barnaby. 24. Bartholomew. 25. Basil. 26. Benedict. 27. Benoni. 28. Barnard. 29. Bertram. 30. Brian. 31. Bruno. 32. Caesar. 33. Caleb. 34. Calvin. 35. Cephas. 36. Clarence. 37. Claudius. 38. Clement. 39. Cornelius. 40. Crispus. 41. Cyril. 42. Cyrus. 43. Daniel. 44. Darius. 45. Demetrius. 46. Denis. 47. Dionysius. 48. Donald. 49. Duncan. 50. Ebenezer. 51. Edgar. 52. Edwin. 53. Elbert. 54. Eleazer. 55. Elias. 56. Elisha. 57. Ellis. 58. Elnathan. 59. Eneas. 60. Enoch. 61. Enoz. 62. Erasmus. 63. Erie. 64. Esau. 65. Everard. 66. Erwin. 67. Fernando. 68. Festus. 69. Frederic. 70. Gamaliel. 71. Germanie. 72. Gershon. 73. Godfrey. 74. Gregory. 75. Guy. 76. Hannibal. 77. Heman. 78. Hercules. 79. Herbert. 80. Hezekiah. 81. Hillel. 82. Homer. 83. Hubert. 84. Hugo. 85. Immanuel. 86. Ingram. 87. Ivan. 88. Jabez. 89. Jairus. 90. Japheth. 91. Jason. 92. Jeremy. 93. Jerome. 94. Jess. 95. Joel. 96. Jonah. 97. Josiah. 98. Jotham. 99. Judah. 100. Julius. 101. Justus. 102. Justun. 103. Jonathan. 104. Kennett. 105. Marion. 106. Philip. 107. Philander.

WORDS TO SPELL AND DEFINE, ARRANGED PROMISCUOUSLY.

1. Sirup. 2. Skyey. 3. Proxy. 4. Piquant. 5. Pibroch. 6. Monkery. 7. Irascible. 8. Conceit. 9. Controllable. 10. Coquet (Verb). 11. Coquette (Noun). 12. Cyclopedia. 13. Fascine. 14. Steelyard. 15. Precious. 16. Seize. 17. Beeves. 18. Civilize. 19. Resuscitate. 20. Heinous. 21. Contemptible. 22. Transitory. 23. Conspiracy. 24. Feminine. 25. Petite. 26. Police. 27. Valise. 28. Verdigris. 29. Routine. 30. Douche. 31. Whorl. 32. Truffle. 33. Debut. 34. Caesura. 35. Connoisseur. 36. Sumac. 37. Hymeneal. 38. Keelson. 39. Coterie. 40. Recipe. 41. Sapphire. 42. Cognac. 43. Restaurant. 44. Homicide. 45. Patricide. 46. Fratricide. 47. Regicide. 48. Suicide. 49. Matricide. 50. Infanticide.

WORDS TO BE MARKED DIACRITICALLY.

1. Sice. 2. Says. 3. Phthisic. 4. Ennui. 5. Vignette. 6. Cortege. 7. Myrrh. 8. Chamois. 9. Sergeant. 10. Boudoir. 11. Hiccough. 12. Bureau. 13. Again. 14. Discern. 15. Bijou. 16. Flambeau. 17. Said. 18. Croquet. 19. Salon. 20. Suave. 21. Shew. 22. Strew. 23. Bouffe. 24. Enough. 25. Suffice. 26. Squirrel. 27. Busy. 28. Cough. 29. Buoy. 30. Many. 31. Pretty. 32. Canon. 33. Chapeau. 34. Menage. 35. Once. 36. Cafe. 37. Colonel. 38. Cuirass. 39. Gunwale. 40. Dahlia. 41. Soiree. 42. Sapphire. 43. Cognac. 44. Sacrifice. 45. Escritoire. 46. Barege. 47. Soldier. 48. Fortune. 49. Nephew. 50. Lettuce. 51. Entree. 52. Regime. 53. Physique. 54. Protege. 55. Sleuth. 56. Blonde. 57. Coiffure. 58. Afghan. 59. Glebe. 60. Chenille. 61. Chasseur 62. Gyves. 63. Guy. 64. Banyan. 65. Lapel. 66. Kerchief. 67. Gnostic. 68. Corymb. 69. Chevron. 70. Eleve. 71. Touch. 72. Chintz. 73. Meerschaum. 74. Buhr-stone. 75. Camphene. 76. Cigar. 77. Deleble. 78. Polyglot. 79. Diamond. 80. Courier. 81. Sorcery. 82. Extirpate. 83. Gaseous. 84. Docible. 85. Alias. 86. Potpourri. 87. Soprano. 88. Apparel. 89. Palaver. 90. Anchovy. 91. Hygiene. 92. Alchemy. 93. Ascendant. 94. Syzygy. 95. Barbecue. 96. Proboscis. 97. Carbine. 98. Disown. 99. Forbade. 100. Farewell. 101. Resource. 102. Extol. 103. Diverge. 104. Contour. 105. Bourgeois. 106. Disarm. 107. Whither. 108. Water. 109. Larynx. 110. Soul. 111. Crypt. 112. Fleche. 113. Weevil. 114. Lacquer. 115. Phenix. 116. Roguish. 117. Wheyey. 118. Sachel. 119. Rhymer. 120. Psychic. 121. Ptisan. 122. Calker. 123. Depot. 124. Catarrh. 125. Condemn. 126. Bristle. 127. Wriggle. 128. Christen. 129. Naphtha. 130. Chalky. 131. Gherkin. 132. Fraught. 133. Qualm. 134. Vault. 135. Knob. 136. Papaw. 137. Gauging. 138. Cologne. 139. Quadrille. 140. Skyish. 141. Sorghum. 142. Survey. 143. Victuals. 144. Scissors. 145. Gnomon. 146. Ghastly. 147. Phlegm. 148. Gnarl. 149. Gnash. 150. Tertian. 151. Phantom. 152. Livre. 153. Lyrist. 154. Nuisance. 155. Scheme. 156. Chief. 157. Siege. 158. Keyed. 159. Caucus. 160. College. 161. Leather. 162. Caught. 163. Skein. 164. Coerce. 165. Policy. 166. Legacy. 167. Codicil. 168. Domicile. 169. Hypocrite. 170. Tortoise. 171. Mortise. 172. Porridge. 173. Eagle. 174. Greasy. 175. Pardon. 176. Poleax. 177. Deanery. 178. Mechanics 179. Dialogue. 180. Inveigher. 181. Solstitial. 182. Official. 183. Reprieve. 184. Barter. 185. Succeed. 186. Accede. 187. Salmon. 188. Verger. 189. Wooed. 190. Sausage. 191. Pigeon. 192. Chloral. 193. Balance. 194. Silence. 195. Fallible. 196. Prelacy. 197. Foretell. 198. Going. 199. Chyle. 200. Fascinate. 201. Secrecy. 202. Vacillate. 203. Paralyze. 204. Advertise. 205. Ecstasy. 206. Exertion. 207. Cynical. 208. Article. 209. City. 210. Busily. 211. Guttural. 212. Scholar. 213. Sibyl. 214. Abscess. 215. Guinea. 216. Voracity.

WORDS TO BE DEFINED.

1. Acts. 1. Ax. 2. Poll. 2. Pole. 3. Roe. 3. Row. 4. Gate 4. Gait. 5. Main. 5. Mane. 6. Bough. 6. Bow. 7. Hue. 7. Hugh. 8. Bear. 8. Beech. 9. Dear. 9. Deer. 10. Wright. 10. Write. 11. Right. 11. Rite. 12. All. 12. Awl. 13. Bay. 13. Bey. 14. Ark. 14. Arch. 15. Colonel. 15. Kernel. 16. Ruff. 16. Rough. 17. Might. 17. Mite. 18. Rode. 18. Road. 19. Seen. 19. Scene. 20. Corps. 20. Core. 21. Mold. 21. Mould. 22. Great. 22. Grate. 23. Sun. 23. Son. 24. Break. 24. Brake. 25. Dough. 25. Doe. 26. Night. 26. Knight. 27. Sweet. 27. Suite. 28. Four. 28. Fore. 29. Bier. 29. Beer. 30. Beat. 30. Beet. 31. Currant. 31. Current. 32. Viol. 32. Vile. 33. Sent. 33. Scent. 34. Sear. 34. Seer. 35. Lane. 35. Lain. 36. Able. 36. Abel. 37. Knot. 37. Not. 38. Raise. 38. Raze. 39. Hoard. 39. Horde. 40. Lyre. 40. Liar. 41. Symbol. 41. Cymbal. 42. Hawk. 42. Hough. 43. Sine. 43. Sign. 44. Rain. 44. Rein. 45. Lo. 45. Low. 46. Hie. 46. High. 47. Assent. 47. Ascent. 48. Lute. 48. Loot. 49. Lore. 49. Lower. 50. Sell. 50. Cell. 51. Sail. 51. Sale. 52. Lode. 52. Load. 53. Loan. 53. Lone. 54. Fete. 54. Fate. 55. Lien. 55. Lean. 56. Layer. 56. Lair. 57. Hay. 57. Hey. 58. Idle. 58. Idyl. 59. Hart. 59. Heart. 60. Bass. 60. Base. 61. Bale. 61. Bail. 62. Heel. 62. Heal. 63. Sight. 63. Cite. 64. Haul. 64. Hall. 65. Hale. 65. Hail. 66. Lac. 66. Lack. 67. Nay. 67. Neigh. 68. Altar. 68. Alter. 69. Day. 69. Dey. 70. Hair. 70. Hare. 71. Lye. 71. Lie. 72. Council. 72. Counsel. 73. Mean. 73. Mien. 74. Ate. 74. Eight. 75. Aught. 75. Ought. 76. Wrack. 76. Rack. 77. Reek. 77. Wreak. 78. Wreck. 78. Reck. 79. Rime. 79. Rhyme. 80. Ring. 80. Wring. 81. Wrote. 81. Rote. 82. Rest. 82. Wrest. 83. Hole. 83. Whole. 84. Leek. 84. Leak. 85. Wave. 85. Waive. 86. Week. 86. Weak. 87. Fort. 87. Forte. 88. Soul. 88. Sole. 89. Strait. 89. Straight. 90. Seed. 90. Cede. 91. Seen. 91. Seine. 92. Seize. 92. Cease. 93. See. 93. Sea. 94. Cole. 94. Coal. 95. Bourne. 95. Born. 96. Bite. 96. Bight. 97. Floe. 97. Flow. 98. Bell. 98. Belle.

SELECT READING.

1. The most skillful gauger I ever knew was a maligned cobbler, armed with a poniard, who drove a peddler's wagon, using a mullein stalk as an instrument of coercion to tyrannize over his pony shod with calks. He was a Galilean Sadducee, and he had a phthisicky catarrh, diphtheria, and the bilious intermittent erysipelas.

2. A certain sibyl, with the sobriquet of "Gypsy," went into ecstasies of cachinnation at seeing him measure a bushel of peas and separate saccharine tomatoes from a heap of peeled potatoes, without dyeing or singeing the ignitible queue which he wore, or becoming paralyzed with hemorrhage.

3. Lifting her eyes to the ceiling of the cupola of the capitol to conceal her unparalleled embarrassment, making him a rough courtesy, and not harrassing him with mystifying, rarefying, and stupefying innuendoes, she gave him a couch, a bouquet of lilies, mignonette, and fuchsias, a treatise on mnemonics, a copy of the Apocrypha in hieroglyphics, daguerreotypes of Mendelssohn and Kosciusko, a kaleidoscope, a dram-phial of ipecacuanha, a teaspoonful of naphtha for deleble purposes, a ferrule, a clarionet, some licorice, a surcingle, a carnelian of symmetrical proportions, a chronometer with a movable balance-wheel, a box of dominoes, and a catechism.

4. The gauger, who was also a trafficking rectifier and a parishioner of mine, preferring a woolen surtout (his choice was referrible to a vacillating, occasionally occurring idiosyncrasy), wofully uttered this apothegm: "Life is checkered; but schism, apostasy, heresy and villainy shall be punished." The sibyl apologizingly answered: "There is a ratable and allegeable difference between a conferrable ellipsis and a trisyllabic diaeresis." We replied in trochees, not impugning her suspicion.

SELECT READING.

1. One enervating morning, just after the rise of the sun, a youth bearing the cognomen of Galileo glided into his gondola over the legendary waters of the lethean Thames. He was accompanied by his allies and coadjutors, the dolorous Pepys and the erudite Cholmondeley, the most combative aristocrat extant, and an epicurean who, for learned vagaries and revolting discrepancies of character, would take precedence of the most erudite of all Areopagite literati.

2. These sacrilegious dramatis personae were discussing in detail a suggestive and exhaustive address, delivered from the proscenium box of the Calisthenic Lyceum by a notable financier on obligatory hydropathy, as accessory to the irrevocable and irreparable doctrine of evolution, which had been vehemently panegyrized by a splenetic professor of acoustics, and simultaneously denounced by a complaisant opponent as an undemonstrated romance of the last decade, amenable to no reasoning, however allopathic, outside of its own lamentable environs.

3. These peremptory tripartite brethren arrived at Greenwich, wishing to aggrandize themselves by indulging in exemplary relaxation, indicatory of implacable detestation of integral tergiversation and exoteric intrigue. They fraternized with a phrenological harlequin who was a connoisseur in mezzotint and falconry. The piquant person was heaping contumely and scathing raillery on an amateur in jugular recitative, who held that the Pharaohs of Asia were conversant with his theory that morphine and quinine were exorcists of bronchitis.

4. Meanwhile, the leisurely Augustine of Cockburn drank from a tortoise-shell wassail cup to the health of an apotheosized recusant, who was his supererogatory patron, and an assistant recognizance in the immobile nomenclature of interstitial molecular phonics. The contents of the vase proving soporific, a stolid plebeian took from its cerements a heraldic violoncello, and, assisted by a plethoric diocesan from Pall Mall, who performed on a sonorous piano-forte, proceeded to wake the clangorous echoes of the Empyrean. They bade the prolyx Caucasian gentlemen not to misconstrue their inexorable demands, while they dined on acclimated anchovies and apricot truffles, and had for dessert a wiseacre's pharmacopoeia. Thus the truculent Pythagoreans had a novel repast fit for the gods.

5. On the subsidence of the feast they alternated between soft languors and isolated scenes of squalor, which followed a mechanist's reconnaissance of the imagery of Uranus, the legend of whose incognito related to a poniard wound in the abdomen received while cutting a swath in the interests of telegraphy and posthumous photography. Meantime an unctuous orthoepist applied a homeopathic restorative to the retina of an objurgatory spaniel (named Daniel) and tried to perfect the construction of a behemoth which had got mired in pygmean slough, while listening to the elegiac soughing of the prehistoric wind.

SELECT READING.

1. Geoffrey, surnamed Winthrop, sat in the depot at Chicago, waiting for his train and reading the Tribune, when a squadron of street Arabs (incomparable for squalor) thronged from a neighboring alley, uttering hideous cries, accompanied by inimitable gestures of heinous exultation, as they tortured a humble black-and-tan dog.

2. "You little blackguards!" cried Winthrop, stepping outside and confronting them, adding the inquiry, "Whose dog is that?"

3. "That audacious Caucasian has the bravado to interfere with our clique," tauntingly shrieked the indisputable little ruffian, exhibiting combativeness.

4. "What will you take for him?" asked the lenient Geoffrey, ignoring the venial tirade.

5. "Twenty-seven cents," piquantly answered the ribald urchin, grabbing the crouching dog by the nape.

6. "You can buy licorice and share with the indecorous coadjutors of your condemnable cruelty," said Winthrop, paying the price and taking the dog from the child. Then catching up his valise and umbrella he hastened to his train. Winthrop satisfied himself that his sleek protege was not wounded, and then cleaned the cement from the pretty collar, and read these words; "Leicester. Licensed, No. 1880."

7. Hearing the pronunciation of his name, the docile canine expressed gratitude and pleasure, and then sank exhausted at his new patron's feet and slept.

8. Among the other passengers was a magazine contributor, writing vagaries of Indian literature, also two physicians, a somber, irrevocable, irrefragable allopathist, and a genial homeopathist, who made a specialty of bronchitis. Two peremptory attorneys from the Legislature of Iowa were discussing the politics of the epoch and the details of national finance, while a wan, dolorous person, wearing concave glasses, alternately ate troches and almonds for a sedative, and sought condolence in a high, lamentable treble from a lethargic and somewhat deaf and enervate comrade not yet acclimated.

9. Near three exemplary brethren (probably sinecurists) sat a group of humorous youths; and a jocose sailor (lately from Asia) in a blouse waist and tarpaulin hat was amusing his patriotic, juvenile listeners by relating a series of the most extraordinary legends extant, suggested by the contents of the knapsack which he was calmly and leisurely arranging in a pyramidal form on a three-legged stool. Above swung figured placards, with museum and lyceum advertisements, too verbose to be misconstrued.

10. A mature matron of medium height, and her comely daughter, soon entered the car, and took seats in front of Winthrop (who recalled having seen them on Tuesday, in February, in the parquet of a theater). The young lady had recently made her debut into society at a musical soiree at her aunt's. She had an exquisite bouquet of flowers that exhaled sweet perfume. She said to her parent, "Mamma, shall we ever find my lost Leicester?"

11. Geoffrey immediately addressed her, saying, as he presented his card—

"Pardon my apparent intrusiveness; but, prithee, have you lost a pet dog?"

12. The explanation that he had been stolen was scarcely necessary, for Leicester, just awakening, vehemently expressed his inexplicable joy by buoyantly vibrating between the two like the sounding lever used in telegraphy (for to neither of them would he show partiality), till, succumbing to ennui, he purported to take a recess, and sat on his haunches, complaisantly contemplating his friends. It was truly an interesting picture.

13. They reached their destination ere the sun was beneath the horizon. Often during the summer Winthrop gallantly rowed from the quay, with the naive and blithe Beatrice in her jaunty yachting suit, but no coquetry shone from the depths of her azure eyes. Little Less, their jocund confidante and courier (and who was as sagacious as a spaniel), always attended them on these occasions, and whene'er they rambled through the woodland paths. While the band played strains from Beethoven Mendelssohn, Bach and others, they promenaded the long corridors of the hotel. And one evening, as Beatrice lighted the gas by the etagere in her charming boudoir in their suite of rooms, there glistened brilliantly a valuable solitaire diamond on her finger.

14. Let us look into the future for the sequel to perfect this romance, and around a cheerful hearth we see again Geoffrey and Beatrice, who are paying due homage to their tiny friend Leicester.

SELECT READING.

1. A sacrilegious son of Belial, who suffered from bronchitis and diphtheria, and had taken much morphine and quinine, having exhausted his finances, in order to make good the deficit, resolved to ally himself to a complaisant, lenient, docile, young woman of the Caucasian race. Buying a calliope, a coral necklace, an illustrated magazine, and a falcon from Asia, he took a suite of rooms, whose acoustic properties were excellent, and engaged a Malay as his coadjutor.

2. Being of an epicurean disposition, he threw the culinary department of his hotel into confusion by ordering for his dinner vermicelli soup, a bologna sausage, anchovies, calf's brains fried, and half a gooseberry pie. For the resulting dyspepsia he took acetic and tartaric acid, according to allopathy, and when his aunt, a fair matron of six decades, called, he was tyrannic and combative, and laughed like a brigand until she was obliged to succumb to his contumacy.

3. Etiquette being thus annihilated, he became amenable to tenderer passions. He sent a letter, inviting his inamorata to a matinee, together with an eighteen-carat gold ring. She revolted at the idea of accompanying him, and sent a note full of piquant raillery, which led her suitor to procure a carbine and a sword, with some apparatus, and to declare that he would not forge hymeneal chains upon any one.

4. So proceeding to an isolated spot, without comrades, he severed his jugular vein, and discharged the carbine into his abdomen. When inquiry was made, he was found dead, and the coroner sat on the debris and did his exact duty, though it was no couch of eider he occupied.

5. Had the misguided youth read Ovid less often, and given precedence to Hemans and Ingelow, his fate might have been different. True, he might have hung on a greasy gallows like a highwayman, in squalor, and been the sport of canines for aye; while now, disarmed by death, he lies in a splendid mausoleum, far from the wharves and haunts of men, and can't accent his antepenults, and afford the greatest discrepancies extant in pronunciation.

SELECT READING—THE BLACKBOARD AND CHALK.

1. Learned sages may reason, the fluent may talk, But they ne'er can compute what we owe to the chalk. From the embryo mind of the infant of four, To the graduate, wise in collegiate lore; From the old district school-house to Harvard's proud hall, The chalk rules with absolute sway over all.

2. Go, enter the school-room of primary grade, And see how conspicuous the blackboard is made. The teacher makes letters and calls them by name, And says to the children, "Now all do the same;" Mere infants you see, scarcely able to walk, But none are too feeble to handle the chalk.

3. We visit the school of much higher pretension, The blackboard here claims undivided attention; The walls, dark as Erebus, first greet the eye, Before them bright misses and lads we espy; And the sound of the crayon's irregular tappings Reminds us of spirits' mysterious rappings.

4. One has pictured a vessel, with streamers unfurled, Another is making a map of the world; A third has a problem in fractions to solve, A fourth is explaining how planets revolve; While a young physiologist, skilled in the art, Is sketching the muscles, the lungs, and the heart.

5. In the midst of this bustle the school-master stands, And, lo! he's a crayon in each of his hands; And the chalk in his hand has a magical power: A teacher might reason and talk by the hour, But naught would avail all his reason and talk— The truth is made plain by the use of the chalk.

6. And the teacher of music the blackboard employs, The chalk must be used e'en in training the voice; Be it rhythm or melody, accent or force, He always insists on the regular course; Declaring the secret of musical skill Is found in the blackboard, the chalk, and the drill.

7. See the chalk in the hand of the artist. Behold What beauteous forms as by magic unfold! The store-house of Nature he swiftly displays, Till the dazzled beholder is lost in the maze; Designs without number appear to the view, And show what the chalk and the blackboard can do.

8. O wise PESTALOZZI! we place on thy brow A coronet, bright and unfading; for thou A legacy rich hast bequeathed unto men: Our one feeble talent by thee is made ten; We prize thy rare gift, but we never may know How much to thy matchless invention we owe.

9. O chalk! What a powerful monarch thou art! In this age of reform how important thy part; Those minds that are swaying the world unrestrained In childhood and youth in thy empire were trained. Of the wonderful power of the press we may talk— It never can vie with the blackboard and chalk.

10. An engine so powerful, so mighty to aid, So simple in structure, so readily made, A helper so potent in training the young— 'Tis meet that thy praise by the muse should be sung; For though sages may reason, and orators talk, They can ne'er make their mark without blackboard and chalk.

* * * * *

THE BURROWS BROTHERS COMPANY,

CLEVELAND, OHIO.

* * * * *

CHRISTIAN SCIENCE.

ITS TRUTHS AND ITS ERRORS. BY THE REV. H. MELVILLE TENNEY.

Neatly bound in paper-cloth. Price TWENTY-FIVE cents. Send for circulars giving testimonials.

* * * * *

SHAKESPEARE VERSUS INGERSOLL.

BY J.G. HALL.

Neatly bound in paper. Price TWENTY-FIVE cents. The cover is very odd and attractive. The contents of the book will be found of the utmost interest to all Shakespearian scholars, as well as to all religious teachers.

* * * * *

AVERY'S ANCESTRAL TABLETS.

In Stout Manilla Portfolio. Price FIFTY cents. A collection of diagrams so arranged that any number of generations of the ancestors of any person may be recorded in a simple and connected form. Additional sheets may be had separate at FIVE cents each; or FIFTY cents a dozen, postage paid.

* * * * *

INDEXED MAP OF OHIO.

THE BEST! THE CHEAPEST! THE LATEST!

Price TEN cents. At the date of publication this is the most complete, the most accurate, the latest and the cheapest map of Ohio in existence.

* * * * *

INDEXED MAP OF CLEVELAND.

Price TEN cents. Over fifteen thousand copies have been sold in the last two years of this map. This is a greater number than have been sold of any previous map, or maps in the last ten years. This fact alone speaks for its excellence, and the price is below any thought of criticism.

* * * * *

THE GAME OF SOLO-SIXTY.

BY JUNIUS.

Price TWENTY-FIVE cents. Edited from Traditional Sources. Bound in white vellum paper, with a remarkably odd and neat cover design in five colors. One of the most attractive souvenirs or dainty gifts of the year. Please send for a sample copy. One dealer has had one thousand copies, and many others very liberal quantities.

* * * * *

RUSK'S MODEL SELECTIONS.

Six numbers, paper, each FIFTEEN cents. No. 1 contains a chapter on the Principles of Elocution, embracing the subject of Elementary Sounds, Pitch, Volume, Quality, Movement, Accent, Emphasis, Articulation, Gesture, etc. No. 4 is devoted to selections for the young. Nos. 5 and 6 are just out, and have many fresh and attractive pieces. Lithographed covers, about 150 pages, 12mo., in each number.

* * * * *

THE MORGAN

ONE PIECE ADJUSTABLE BOOK COVER.

PATENTED MAY 15, 1888.

THIS IS THE

ONLY PERFECT ONE PIECE ADJUSTABLE BOOK COVER

EVER MADE, AND IT IS DESTINED TO WORK A

REVOLUTION

IN BOOK COVERING WITH ADJUSTABLE COVERS.

THE LATEST! THE BEST!

MADE IN THE MOST WORKMANLIKE MANNER FROM VERY HIGH GRADE MANILLA; WARRANTED EXTRA TOUGH.

Size A, for Books from 6 to 8 inches tall $2.50 per hun. Size B, for Books from 8 to 10 inches tall 3.00 " " Size C, for Books from 10 to 13 ins. (Geographies) 5.00 " "

SAMPLES MAILED WITHOUT CHARGE TO DEALERS AND LIBRARIANS.

LIBERAL DISCOUNTS TO DEALERS.

THE BURROWS BROTHERS COMPANY

CLEVELAND, OHIO.

* * * * *

PUBLICATIONS OF

THE BURROWS BROTHERS COMPANY

23, 25, 27 EUCLID AVENUE, CLEVELAND, O.



THOUSAND AND ONE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

On U.S. HISTORY $0 50 GEOGRAPHY 50 ARITHMETIC 50 ENGLISH GRAMMAR 50 PHYSIOLOGY AND HYGIENE 50 THEORY AND PRACTICE OF TEACHING 50 ORTHOGRAPHY (recent) 50 GENERAL HISTORY (recent) 50 BOTANY (new) 50 TEST EXAMPLES IN ARITHMETIC (new) 50

These Question Books are absolutely without a rival in preparing for Examinations, for reviewing Pupils in School, or for use as Reference Books. They can be sold in every family that has children to educate. The author is an experienced teacher.

Any 6 assorted for $2.50 prepaid. Any 8 assorted for $3.25 prepaid. The set of 10 assorted for $4.00 prepaid.

CAMPBELL'S ECONOMIC SCHOOL REGISTER. COPYRIGHTED.

In very attractive Board Covers, removable insides $0 75

Fillers, Manilla Covers 35

This is the neatest and most excellently manufactured Register in the country. Its UTILITY is not less apparent than its ARTISTIC merit. The Block System, originated and copyrighted by Prof. Campbell, is most economical of time in keeping the record, and by the really WONDERFUL condensation which it permits, is just as economical of money. One Register, which will last an ordinary school TWO YEARS, costs but 75 cents by mail, postpaid, and a renewing Filler, lasting as much longer, costs less than half as much.

WORDS CORRECTLY SPOKEN. BY ELROY M. AVERY, PH.D.

Retail Price, 15 cents.

Bound in extra cloth, stamped in black and gold, printed with red line borders, wittily written, valuable to all who would speak their mother tongue with accuracy.

POPULAR SYNONYMS.

Cloth, 32mo. Price, 10 cents. By mail, 12 cents.

Twenty-five thousand words in ordinary use. Accurate, cheap, elegant. Elegantly stamped in ink and gold.

THE PERFECT PROGRESSIVE EUCHRE SCORE-MARKER.

Copyrighted. No Sticky Wafers. No mistakes. Absolutely infallible. Prices per Set, postpaid:

For 3, 4 or 5 Tables $0 50 For 11 or 12 Tables $1 00 6, 7 or 8 " 60 15 " 1 25 9 or 10 " 75 18 " 1 50

* * * * *

THE POCKET GEM PRONOUNCING DICTIONARY,

BY LILLA M. TENNEY.

On a new plan. The most useful Pocket Dictionary ever issued.

IN PREPARATION,

THE WORK OF YEARS OF STUDY AND RESEARCH.

Most excellent in scholarship. Most practical in all ways. Most artistic in point of manufacture. Beautifully bound from special artistic cover designs. Beautifully printed at the celebrated UNIVERSITY PRESS of JOHN WILSON & SONS, Cambridge, Mass.

A SPELLING AND PRONOUNCING DICTIONARY, RATHER THAN A DEFINING ONE.

It has over eleven thousand words, with the pronunciation indicated in a simple manner by a new system of diacritical marks, specially cast for this book.

The New Imperial, Webster, Stormonth, Worcester and all other standard Dictionaries have been constantly consulted and critically compared in its preparation.

ITS OBJECT.

While not underrating the primary importance of definition and philology in a work of reference, it is believed—nay, more than that—it is known that there is a positive demand for a book showing the correct pronunciation and spelling of every prominent word in the language, which book should be in a convenient portable form for the pocket, the writing-case, or the reading-table. This is the first time that any serious attempt has been made to satisfy this call.

ITS TRUSTWORTHINESS.

In this respect, recognizing that what was wished for was not originality, but confidence in the accuracy of the book; the labor, while almost endless, has been strictly confined to critical comparisons of authorities and the proper adjustment of differences of opinion.

HOW WE OFFER IT FOR SALE.

On receipt of price, FIFTY CENTS, (and as compared with the prices of most other books it would be well worth $1.00,) we will forward it to any address in the United States for examination. If not satisfactory it may be returned, when the money will be refunded; provided, of course, it is received in good order and within reasonable time.

PUBLISHING DAY.

It will be published about August 1st, 1888. The great amount of labor involved in its preparation, as compared with its small size, requires this delay.

MARVELOUSLY COMPLETE, WONDERFULLY COMPACT,

MOST USEFUL SMALL DICTIONARY EVER MADE.

It is needed by every Office Man, every School Teacher, every Stenographer every Tourist, every Letter Writer, every Pupil, every literate, and certainly every illiterate person throughout the length and breadth of our entire land.

THE BURROWS BROTHERS CO.

* * * * *

WILLIAM S. HICKS,

MANUFACTURER OF

EVERY DESCRIPTION OF GOLD PENS, GOLD PLATED, SILVER PLATED AND CELLULOID PENCILS AND PEN CASES OF SUPERIOR QUALITY AND STYLE OF FINISH.

KNOWN AND SOLD IN BOTH HEMISPHERES AS STANDARD GOODS FOR NEARLY A GENERATION.

THE SOLE MANUFACTURER OF

THE SACKETT FOUNTAIN PEN.

Patented April 28, '85; Sept. 28, '86.



The latest and most perfect Fountain Pen ever made, and equal to any dipping pen. It will not soil fingers and pocket with ink, and can be filled without staining everything it touches. It will write until every drop of ink is exhausted, and no matter how often or seldom it is used it always responds at once. Made in two lengths, 5 inches and 5-1/2 inches.

BRANCH OFFICE, 8 SNOW HILL, LONDON, ENG. MANUFACTORY AND OFFICE, 235 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK.

* * * * *

THE "OXFORD" TEACHERS' BIBLES.



Of which the actual sale exceeds THREE-QUARTERS OF MILLION COPIES. The additional matter that is contained in

THE "OXFORD" S.S. TEACHERS' BIBLES

Has been carefully Revised and Enlarged, from time to time, by Dr. STUBBS, Bishop of Chester; Dr. EDWIN PALMER, Archdeacon of Oxford; Dr. ANGUS, and other eminent Scholars. The Scientific Information was prepared under the supervision of Professors ROLLESTON, WESTWOOD, LAWSON, and EARLE—names of the highest authority in their several Departments.

There are six editions printed on the best rag-made printing paper, and five editions on the justly celebrated "Oxford" India paper, which are extremely thin and light.

These are bound in about eighty different styles, sizes, etc., at prices ranging from $1.25 to $16.00 each.

REV. C.H. SPURGEON says: "If you want to buy a New Bible, and want the VERY BEST, write for a list of the Oxford Bibles for Teachers."

DR. PARKER says: "It is the most superb, complete, and useful edition of the Holy Scriptures in the English language I have ever seen."

A descriptive list can be obtained through your bookseller, or direct from the publisher.

THOMAS NELSON & SONS,

OXFORD BIBLE WAREHOUSE,

42 Bleecker Street, New York

* * * * *

Writing Papers of all finest grades made in the world are to be found in Blair's Keystone Packets—Climax, Paragon, and Good Luck. Send for Samples.

* * * * *



We were never in better shape to serve our friends with HANDSOME AND SALABLE GOODS.

WE CLAIM Some Reputation for Originality.

Our Competitors will Concede That.

WE CLAIM More Reputation for Good Quality of Our Goods.

All Dealers will Concede That.

WE CLAIM Most for an Absolute Guarantee on Every Article we Make.

This we Concede to be one of our Most Attractive Features—one that is Almost Unreasonable in its Reasonableness.



Our SIGNAL SERIES is a new line from 40 varieties of staple stationery, and everything retails at 5 cents each. Ask your dealer for it. Send for illustrated list.

* * * * *

For sale by all dealers. Samples and Papers and Illustrated Circulars sent to any address on receipt of two 3-cent stamps.

J.C. BLAIR, Manufacturing Stationer, Huntingdon, Pa.

* * * * *

PHONOGRAPHY.

* * * * *

A BRIEF AND LEGIBLE SYSTEM OF SHORTHAND.

* * * * *

Those unacquainted with Phonography can not readily appreciate the ease with which it may be mastered, and the delight incidental to the unfolding of its principles. "Fascinating" is the word used in describing it by every one who has studied the art. The text-books have been so arranged and simplified that Self-instruction is a positive pleasure and recreation and has been successfully accomplished in thousands of instances.

TEACHERS should learn Phonography, not only that they may be possessed of the enormous advantage of being able to write five times as fast as by the ordinary method, but that they may be able to teach the art. Phonography is rapidly finding its way into the Public Schools, and the demand for teachers of the regular branches who can also teach Phonography is now far in advance of the supply.

THE MANUAL OF PHONOGRAPHY. [200th Thousand.] By BENN PITMAN and JEROME B. HOWARD. This work is designed for self-instruction in the phonographic art and is the proper book for the beginner. It contains a complete exposition of the system, from its simplest principles to the Reporting Style, arranged in alternate and opposite pages of explanation and phonographic exercises. Every principle is copiously illustrated with engraved examples for reading, and exercises in the ordinary type for writing practice. A large number of pages of engraved reading matter are included in the book. Boards, 80c.; Extra cloth, $1.00.

For sale by all booksellers, or sent post-paid by us on receipt of price. Complete catalog of other aids to the study of Phonography, free.

* * * * *

THE PHONOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE. Edited by JEROME B. HOWARD. A twenty-four page monthly, each number of which contains eight pages (5-3/4 x 8-1/2 in.) of finely engraved Phonography, mostly in the brief Reporting Style, besides original and contributed articles of general phonographic interest. The MAGAZINE is a periodical complement to the series of text-books, and is the authentic organ of the Benn Pitman System of Phonography. Subscriptions may begin with any number. Specimen copy free. Price, per annum—invariably in advance—$1.50.

ADDRESS

THE PHONOGRAPHIC INSTITUTE,

CINCINNATI, OHIO.

* * * * *

WHITING PAPER COMPANY, OF HOLYOKE, MASSACHUSETTS, ARE NOW PUTTING UP THE FASHIONABLE LINE OF "WHITING'S STANDARD" WRITING PAPERS, IN NEAT BOXES, WITH ENVELOPES. THE MOST PERFECT PRODUCTION OF THE PAPER-MAKER'S ART. CREAM AND AZURE, ROUGH AND SMOOTH FINISH, ALL SIZES. FOR SALE BY ALL FINE STATIONERS.

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